Historically, adult summer steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss returning to hatcheries on the lower Cowlitz River were sometimes transported and released in the river (recycled) to provide additional angling opportunity for the popular sport fishery in the basin. However, this practice has not been used in recent years because of concerns associated with interactions between hatchery fish and wild fish. Fishery managers were interested in resuming recycling but lacked information regarding effects of this practice on wild steelhead so we conducted a study during 2012–2013 to: (1) enumerate recycled steelhead that returned to the hatchery or were removed by anglers; and (2) determine if steelhead that were not removed from the river remained in the system where they could interact with wild fish.
During June–August 2012, a total of 549 summer steelhead were captured at the Cowlitz Salmon Hatchery, tagged, and released downstream near the Interstate 5 Bridge. All recycled steelhead were tagged with a white Floy® tag and opercle-punched; 109 (20 percent) of these fish also were radio-tagged. All adult steelhead that return to the hatchery were handled by hatchery staff so recycled steelhead that returned to the hatchery were enumerated daily. A creel survey and voluntary angler reports were used to determine the number of recycled steelhead that were caught by anglers. We established three fixed telemetry monitoring sites on the mainstem Cowlitz River and eight additional sites were deployed on tributaries to the lower Cowlitz River where wild winter steelhead are known to spawn. We also conducted mobile tracking from a boat during October 2012, November 2012, and January 2013 to locate radio-tagged fish.
A total of 10,722 summer steelhead were captured at the Cowlitz Salmon Hatchery in 2012, which was the largest return since 2008. River flows during much of the study period were similar to 2008–2011 average flows, however, high-flow periods in July and November 2012 were nearly twice as high as the 2008–2011 average flows. We determined that 50 percent (273 fish) of the recycled steelhead returned to the hatchery and 18 percent (102 fish) of the recycled steelhead were caught by anglers. Most (243 fish; 89 percent) of the recycled steelhead that returned to the hatchery were recollected during July–August. The average elapsed time from release to recapture at the hatchery was 9 days (d) and 72 percent (182 fish) of the fish returned to the hatchery within 14 d of release. These trends were similar for recycled steelhead that were caught by anglers. Most fish were caught during July–August and the median time from release to capture was 10 d. We determined that 65 percent (70 fish) of the angler-caught fish returned to the hatchery within 14 d of release. River flows appeared to affect both hatchery returns and angler catch. The daily number of recycled steelhead that were recollected at the hatchery were low during periods when river flows were decreasing and high during periods when river flows were increasing. Conversely, daily angler catch of recycled steelhead generally was low when flows were increasing and high when flows were decreasing.
We determined that 32 percent of the recycled steelhead (174 fish) were not removed from the lower Cowlitz River, based on observations from hatchery returns and angler reports, but results from the radio-tagged fish were insightful for understanding what may have happened to these fish. By comparison, we determined that 24 percent of the radio-tagged fish were not known to have been removed from the river. We determined that 12 percent of these fish were actively moving in the lower Cowlitz River during October 2012–January 2013. None of the radio-tagged fish were detected in tributaries during the study period except for a single fish that spent approximately 7 d in the Toutle River during early September. During October 2012–January 2013, 10 percent of the radio-tags from recycled steelhead were detected near popular fishing areas, and 2 percent of the radio-tagged steelhead were never detected during the study period. We suspect that a large proportion of these fish may have been harvested and not reported, or died.
Detection patterns of radio-tagged steelhead showed that most fish (82 percent) moved upstream from the release site and were detected at the Trout Hatchery and the Barrier Dam sites. The median time from release to detection at these sites was 3.7 d and many of these fish made multiple trips between the two sites. Nearly one-third (29 percent) of the recycled steelhead that were detected at the Trout Hatchery and the Barrier Dam made at least two trips between the sites and some fish made as many as six trips. Radio-tagged fish that remained in the lower Cowlitz River during the spawning period (December 2012–January 2013) were observed in the river reach between the mouth of Ostrander Creek (river mile 10) and the Trout Hatchery (river mile 44).
During this study, we collected data on opercle punch regrowth rates to understand the temporal effectiveness of this marking technique. We took opercle measurements for a total of 190 fish during the study. Fresh opercle punches were measured for 63 fish at the time of marking, and the remaining 127 fish were measured when fish returned to the hatchery. We determined that opercle punches remained open for about 30 d. The holes appeared to regrow slowly in the first 20 d after marking, but regrowth accelerated during the 20–30 d post-marking period. After 30 d, all opercle punches that we observed had completely closed due to tissue regrowth.
Our study showed that a large proportion (68 percent) of the recycled steelhead were removed from the lower Cowlitz River. These fish primarily entered the hatchery or were caught by anglers within 14 d of release, which suggests that they present minimal risk to wild fish in the system. However, the remaining fish (32 percent) could not be accounted for, which may complicate fisheries management decisions associated with recycling summer steelhead. Findings from the radiotelemetry study suggest that unreported harvest or mortality could explain a large proportion of those fish that were not reported as having been removed from the river. Furthermore, intensive monitoring of the key spawning tributaries failed to detect a single fish during the spawning period. These findings were supported by observations from weir traps operated by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Our findings indicate that additional research may be warranted to further examine the effects of recycling hatchery summer steelhead in the lower Cowlitz River.
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2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-16T11:40:33","indexId":"ofr20131104","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1104","title":"Determination of selenium in fish from designated critical habitat in the Gunnison River, Colorado, March through October, 2012","docAbstract":"This report presents results for the summer 2012 sam-pling of muscle plugs from common carp (Cyprinus carpio), bonytail chub (Gila elegans), Colorado pikeminnow (Ptycho-cheilus lucius), and razorback suckers (Xyrauchen texanus) inhabiting critical habitat in the Gunnison River in western Colorado. Total selenium in fish muscle plugs was determinedby instrumental neutron activation analysis. Total selenium concentrations (range and mean ± standard deviation) in micrograms per gram dry weight were 6.0 to 10.7, 8.8 ± 1.3 for common carp; 2.9 to 8.7, 5.6 ± 2.4 for Colorado pikemin-now; and 1.4 to 7.3, 3.4 ± 2.7 for razorback sucker. The selenium concentration for one bonytail chub sample was 0.8 micrograms per gram dry weight. Selenium concentrations in muscle plugs from 1 Colorado pikeminnow and 12 common carp exceeded the 8 micrograms per gram dry weight toxicity guideline for selenium in fish muscle tissue.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131104","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., and Walther, M., 2013, Determination of selenium in fish from designated critical habitat in the Gunnison River, Colorado, March through October, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1104, iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131104.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044355","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131104.gif"},{"id":272317,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1104/"},{"id":272318,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1104/ofr13_1104_web.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.58,38.51 ], [ -108.58,39.06 ], [ -107.62,39.06 ], [ -107.62,38.51 ], [ -108.58,38.51 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51955814e4b0a933d82c4c7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walther, Michael J. mwalther@usgs.gov","contributorId":2852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Michael J.","email":"mwalther@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045979,"text":"ofr20131064 - 2013 - Geochemical results from stream-water and stream-sediment samples collected in Colorado and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-16T11:28:55","indexId":"ofr20131064","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1064","title":"Geochemical results from stream-water and stream-sediment samples collected in Colorado and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey are studying the relationship between watershed lithology and stream-water chemistry. As part of this effort, 60 stream-water samples and 43 corresponding stream-sediment samples were collected in 2010 and 2011 from locations in Colorado and New Mexico. Sample sites were selected from small to midsize watersheds composed of a high percentage of one rock type or geologic unit. Stream-water and stream-sediment samples were collected, processed, preserved, and analyzed in a consistent manner. This report releases geochemical data for this phase of the study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131064","usgsCitation":"Hageman, P.L., Todd, A., Smith, K.S., DeWitt, E., and Zeigler, M.P., 2013, Geochemical results from stream-water and stream-sediment samples collected in Colorado and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1064, Report: iii, 11 p.; 6 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131064.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; 6 Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131064.gif"},{"id":272310,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%201_Bulk%20chemistry%20for%20stream%20sediments.xlsx"},{"id":272308,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/"},{"id":272311,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%202_Stream%20water%20(FA).xlsx"},{"id":272312,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%203_Stream%20water%20(RA).xlsx"},{"id":272309,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/OF13-1064.pdf"},{"id":272313,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%204_QAQC%20Stream%20sediments.xlsx"},{"id":272314,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%205_QAQC%20Stream%20water%20(FA).xlsx"},{"id":272315,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1064/Appendix%206_QAQC%20Stream%20water%20(RA).xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.06,32.81 ], [ -109.06,41.0 ], [ -102.79,41.0 ], [ -102.79,32.81 ], [ -109.06,32.81 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51955815e4b0a933d82c4c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hageman, Philip L. 0000-0002-3440-2150 phageman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"Philip","email":"phageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, Andrew S.","contributorId":33162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zeigler, Mathew P.","contributorId":91006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigler","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70045964,"text":"ofr20121256 - 2013 - Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2012: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T18:57:02","indexId":"ofr20121256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1256","title":"Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2012: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","docAbstract":"Air is entrained in water as it is flows through the spillways of dams, which causes an increase in the concentration of total dissolved gas in the water downstream from the dams. The elevated concentrations of total dissolved gas can adversely affect fish and other freshwater aquatic life. An analysis of total-dissolved-gas and water-temperature data collected at eight monitoring stations on the lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington in 2012 indicated the following:
\nWild-spawned white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) larvae captured and reared in aquaculture facilities and subsequently released, are increasingly being used in sturgeon restoration programs in the Columbia River Basin. A reconnaissance study was conducted to determine where to deploy nets to capture white sturgeon larvae downstream of a known white sturgeon spawning area. As a result of the study, 103 white sturgeon larvae and 5 newly hatched free-swimming embryos were captured at 3 of 5 reconnaissance netting sites. The netting, conducted downstream of The Dalles Dam on the Columbia River during June 25–29, 2012, provided information for potentially implementing full-scale collection efforts of large numbers of larvae for rearing in aquaculture facilities and for subsequent release at a larger size in white sturgeon restoration programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chelan County Public Utility District","usgsCitation":"Parsley, M.J., and Kofoot, E., 2013, Capture of white sturgeon larvae downstream of The Dalles Dam, Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1110, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131110.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131110.jpg"},{"id":272260,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1110/"},{"id":272261,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1110/pdf/ofr20131110.pdf","text":"Report","size":"700 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Dalles Dam","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.08,46.13 ], [ -124.08,46.34 ], [ -123.48,46.34 ], [ -123.48,46.13 ], [ -124.08,46.13 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5026e4b0b290850f3296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsley, Michael J. 0000-0003-0097-6364 mparsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-6364","contributorId":2608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"Michael","email":"mparsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kofoot, Eric","contributorId":9939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kofoot","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045937,"text":"ofr20131055 - 2013 - National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: methodology implementation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T13:32:59","indexId":"ofr20131055","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1055","title":"National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: methodology implementation","docAbstract":"In response to the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a national assessment of potential geologic storage resources for carbon dioxide (CO2). Storage of CO2 in subsurface saline formations is one important method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and curb global climate change. This report provides updates and implementation details of the assessment methodology of Brennan and others (2010, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1127/) and describes the probabilistic model used to calculate potential storage resources in subsurface saline formations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131055","usgsCitation":"Blondes, M., Brennan, S.T., Merrill, M., Buursink, M.L., Warwick, P.D., Cahan, S.M., Corum, M., Cook, T.A., Craddock, W.H., DeVera, C.A., Drake, R.M., Drew, L.J., Freeman, P., Lohr, C., Olea, R., Roberts-Ashby, T., Slucher, E.R., and Varela, B., 2013, National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: methodology implementation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1055, vii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131055.","productDescription":"vii, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy 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II 0000-0002-1770-4667 rmdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-4667","contributorId":1353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Ronald","suffix":"II","email":"rmdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Drew, Lawrence J. ldrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":2635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Lawrence","email":"ldrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Freeman, P.A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":3154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"P.A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":47873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Roberts-Ashby, Tina L. 0000-0003-2940-1740","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1740","contributorId":62103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts-Ashby","given":"Tina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Slucher, Ernie R. 0000-0002-5865-5734 eslucher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-5734","contributorId":3966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slucher","given":"Ernie","email":"eslucher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Varela, Brian A. 0000-0001-9849-6742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-6742","contributorId":62495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70045932,"text":"ofr20121038 - 2013 - Tidal wetlands of the Yaquina and Alsea River estuaries, Oregon: Geographic Information Systems layer development and recommendations for National Wetlands Inventory revisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T14:44:24","indexId":"ofr20121038","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1038","title":"Tidal wetlands of the Yaquina and Alsea River estuaries, Oregon: Geographic Information Systems layer development and recommendations for National Wetlands Inventory revisions","docAbstract":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS) layers of current, and likely former, tidal wetlands in two Oregon estuaries were generated by enhancing the 2010 National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) data with expert local field knowledge, Light Detection and Ranging-derived elevations, and 2009 aerial orthophotographs. Data were generated for two purposes: First, to enhance the NWI by recommending revised Cowardin classifications for certain NWI wetlands within the study area; and second, to generate GIS data for the 1999 Yaquina and Alsea River Basins Estuarine Wetland Site Prioritization study. Two sets of GIS products were generated: (1) enhanced NWI shapefiles; and (2) shapefiles of prioritization sites. The enhanced NWI shapefiles contain recommended changes to the Cowardin classification (system, subsystem, class, and/or modifiers) for 286 NWI polygons in the Yaquina estuary (1,133 acres) and 83 NWI polygons in the Alsea estuary (322 acres). These enhanced NWI shapefiles also identify likely former tidal wetlands that are classified as upland in the current NWI (64 NWI polygons totaling 441 acres in the Yaquina estuary; 16 NWI polygons totaling 51 acres in the Alsea estuary). The former tidal wetlands were identified to assist strategic planning for tidal wetland restoration. Cowardin classifications for the former tidal wetlands were not provided, because their current hydrology is complex owing to dikes, tide gates, and drainage ditches. The scope of this project did not include the field evaluation that would be needed to determine whether the former tidal wetlands are currently wetlands, and if so, determine their correct Cowardin classification. The prioritization site shapefiles contain 49 prioritization sites totaling 2,177 acres in the Yaquina estuary, and 39 prioritization sites totaling 1,045 acres in the Alsea estuary. The prioritization sites include current and former (for example, diked) tidal wetlands, and provide landscape units appropriate for basin-scale wetland restoration and conservation action planning. Several new prioritization sites (not included in the 1999 prioritization) were identified in each estuary, consisting of NWI polygons formerly classified as nontidal wetland or upland. The GIS products of this project improve the accuracy and utility of the NWI data, and provide useful tools for estuarine resource management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Green Point Consulting and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Brophy, L.S., Reusser, D.A., and Janousek, C.N., 2013, Tidal wetlands of the Yaquina and Alsea River estuaries, Oregon: Geographic Information Systems layer development and recommendations for National Wetlands Inventory revisions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1038, vi, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121038.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121038.gif"},{"id":272323,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1038/"},{"id":272176,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1038/pdf/ofr2012-1038.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Yaquina And Alsea Estuaries","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.16,44.16 ], [ -124.16,44.5 ], [ -123.5,44.5 ], [ -123.5,44.16 ], [ -124.16,44.16 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518e08f7e4b05ebc8f7cc2de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brophy, Laura S.","contributorId":47266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brophy","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janousek, Christopher N. 0000-0003-2124-6715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6715","contributorId":103951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janousek","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045936,"text":"ofr20131084 - 2013 - Digital tabulation of stratigraphic data from oil and gas wells in Cuyama Valley and surrounding areas, central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-10T15:33:06","indexId":"ofr20131084","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1084","title":"Digital tabulation of stratigraphic data from oil and gas wells in Cuyama Valley and surrounding areas, central California","docAbstract":"Stratigraphic information from 391 oil and gas exploration wells from Cuyama Valley, California, and surrounding areas are herein compiled in digital form from reports that were released originally in paper form. The Cuyama Basin is located within the southeasternmost part of the Coast Ranges and north of the western Transverse Ranges, west of the San Andreas fault. Knowledge of the location and elevation of stratigraphic tops of formations throughout the basin is a first step toward understanding depositional trends and the structural evolution of the basin through time, and helps in understanding the slip history and partitioning of slip on San Andreas and related faults.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131084","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D., Bova, S.C., Langenheim, V., Shumaker, L., and Scheirer, D., 2013, Digital tabulation of stratigraphic data from oil and gas wells in Cuyama Valley and surrounding areas, central California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1084, Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendix 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131084.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131084.gif"},{"id":272183,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1084/Appendix1.xlsx"},{"id":272181,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1084/"},{"id":272182,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1084/OF13-1084_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cuyama Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.5,34.58 ], [ -120.5,35.5 ], [ -119,35.5 ], [ -119,34.58 ], [ -120.5,34.58 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518e08d1e4b05ebc8f7cc2d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bova, Shiera C.","contributorId":45607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bova","given":"Shiera","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shumaker, Lauren E.","contributorId":99666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumaker","given":"Lauren E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scheirer, Daniel S. dscheirer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheirer","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dscheirer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70045885,"text":"ofr20131076 - 2013 - Characterization of mercury contamination in the Androscoggin River, Coos County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T09:21:26","indexId":"ofr20131076","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1076","title":"Characterization of mercury contamination in the Androscoggin River, Coos County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The former chloralkali facility in Berlin, New Hampshire, was designated a Superfund site in 2005. Historic paper mill activities resulted in the contamination of groundwater, surface water, and sediments with many organic compounds and mercury (Hg). Hg continues to seep into the Androscoggin River in elemental form through bedrock fractures. The objective of this study was to spatially characterize (1) the extent of Hg contamination in water, sediment, and biota; (2) Hg speciation and methylmercury (MeHg) production potential rates in sediment; (3) the availability of inorganic divalent Hg (Hg(II)) for Hg(II)-methylation (MeHg production); and (4) ancillary sediment geochemistry necessary to better understand Hg speciation and MeHg production potential rates in this system.\nConcentrations of total mercury (THg) and MeHg in sediment, pore water, and biota in the Androscoggin River were elevated downstream from the former chloralkali facility compared with those upstream from reference sites. Sequential extraction of surface sediment showed a distinct difference in Hg speciation upstream compared with downstream from the contamination site. An upstream site was dominated by potassium hydroxide-extractable forms (for example, organic-Hg or particle-bound Hg(II)), whereas sites downstream from the point source were dominated by more chemically recalcitrant forms (largely concentrated nitric acid-extractable), indicative of elemental mercury or mercurous chloride. At all sites, only a minor fraction (less than 0.1 percent) of THg existed in chemically labile forms (for example, water extractable or weak acid extractable). All metrics indicated that a greater percentage of mercury at an upstream site was available for Hg(II)-methylation compared with sites downstream from the point source, but the absolute concentration of bioavailable Hg(II) was greater downstream from the point source. In addition, the concentration of tin-reducible inorganic reactive mercury, a surrogate measure of bioavailable Hg(II) generally increased with distance downstream from the point source. Whereas concentrations of mercury species on a sediment-dry-weight basis generally reflected the relative location of the sample to the point source, river-reach integrated mercury-species inventories and MeHg production potential (MPP) rates reflected the amount of fine-grained sediment in a given reach. THg concentrations in biota were significantly higher downstream from the point source compared with upstream reference sites for smallmouth bass, white sucker, crayfish, oligochaetes, bat fur, nestling tree swallow blood and feathers, adult tree swallow blood, and tree swallow eggs. As with tin-reducible inorganic reactive mercury, THg in smallmouth bass also increased with distance downstream from the point source. Toxicity tests and invertebrate community assessments suggested that invertebrates were not impaired at the current (2009 and 2010) levels of mercury contamination downstream from the point source. Concentrations of THg and MeHg in most water and sediment samples from the Androscoggin River were below U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, and probable effects level guidelines. Surface-water and sediment samples from the Androscoggin River had similar THg concentrations but lower MeHg concentrations compared with other rivers in the region. Concentrations of THg in fish tissue were all above regional and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. Moreover, median THg concentrations in smallmouth bass from the Androscoggin River were significantly higher than those reported in regional surveys of river and streams nationwide and in the Northeastern United States and Canada. The higher concentrations of mercury in smallmouth bass suggest conditions may be more favorable for Hg(II)-methylation and bioaccumulation in the Androscoggin River compared with many other rivers in the United States and Canada.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Chalmers, A., Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., Degnan, J.R., Coles, J., Agee, J.L., and Luce, D., 2013, Characterization of mercury contamination in the Androscoggin River, Coos County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1076, Report: vii, 58 p.; 2 XLS Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131076.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 58 p.; 2 XLS Appendices","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131076.gif"},{"id":272059,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1076/"},{"id":272061,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1076/appendix/ofr_chalmers_append1_final.xlsx"},{"id":272060,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1076/pdf/ofr2013-1076_report_508.pdf"},{"id":272062,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1076/appendix/ofr_chalmers_append2_final.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","county":"Coos County","otherGeospatial":"Androscoggin River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.19,44.39 ], [ -71.19,44.40 ], [ -71.18,44.40 ], [ -71.18,44.39 ], [ -71.19,44.39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518b65d2e4b0037667dbc7df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chalmers, Ann","contributorId":23604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C. 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":1485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coles, James","contributorId":93795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agee, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-5964-5079 jlagee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5964-5079","contributorId":2586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agee","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlagee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luce, Darryl","contributorId":72520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"Darryl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70045890,"text":"ofr20121215 - 2013 - Remote sensing survey of Chinese tallow tree in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area, Louisiana and Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:27:56","indexId":"ofr20121215","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1215","title":"Remote sensing survey of Chinese tallow tree in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area, Louisiana and Texas","docAbstract":"We applied Hyperion sensor satellite data acquired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite in conjunction with reconnaissance surveys to map the occurrences of the invasive Chinese tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) in the Toledo Bend Reservoir study area of northwestern Louisiana and northeastern Texas. The rationale for application of high spectral resolution EO-1 Hyperion data was based on the successful use of Hyperion data in the mapping of Chinese tallow tree in southwestern Louisiana in 2005. In contrast to the single Hyperion image used in the 2005 project, more than 20 EO-1 Hyperion and Advanced Land Imager (ALI) images of the study area were collected in 2009 and 2010 during the fall senescence when Chinese tallow tree leaves turn red. Atmospherically corrected reflectance spectra of Hyperion imagery collected at ground and aerial observation locations provided the input datasets used in the program for spectral discrimination analysis. Discrimination analysis was used to identify spectral indicator sets to best explain variance contained in the input databases. The expectation was that at least one set of Hyperion-based indicator spectra would uniquely identify occurrences of red-leaf Chinese tallow tree; however, no combination of Hyperion-based reflectance datasets produced a unique identifier.\n\nThe inability to discover a unique spectral indicator resulted primarily from relatively sparse coverage by red-leaf Chinese tallow tree within the study area (percentage of coverage was less than 5 percent per 30- by 30-meter Hyperion pixel). To enhance the performance of the spectral discrimination analysis, leaf and canopy spectra of Chinese tallow tree were added to the input datasets to guide the indicator selection. In addition, input databases were segregated by land class obtained from an ALI-based landcover classification in order to reduce the input variance and to promote spectral discrimination of red-leaf Chinese tallow tree. Although no unique spectral identifier for red-leaf Chinese tallow tree was uncovered with these enhanced methods, in some cases predicted spatial patterns throughout the Hyperion images revealed alignment with vegetation associations within each land class that was often observed to contain Chinese tallow trees. These instances were associated particularly with the addition of helicopter-based spectra to the input databases. It was attempted to extend such predictions of likely occurrences of Chinese tallow tree by mapping six of the nine Hyperion swaths and four of the nine land classes, but this attempt produced uncertain results that could not be fully evaluated for accuracy. Even though the final mapping showed promise in identifying likely Chinese tallow tree occurrences, the low percentage of occurrences hindered mapping performance and validation. Results of the mapping suggested that successful detection of Chinese tallow tree in the study area would require a spectral sensor similar to the Hyperion but with a higher ground-level spatial resolution.\n\nAlthough the Hyperion-based spectral mapping did not provide the desired results, the associated field (ground and aerial) surveys did provide for a qualitative assessment of the overall Chinese tallow tree distribution within the study area. Ground and aerial surveys suggested that Chinese tallow tree occurrences were uncommon and were without an observed pattern in relation to proximity to the Toledo Bend Reservoir. Although uncommon and scattered, Chinese tallow trees and shrubs most commonly existed along forest edges, water edges, and fence lines, probably most in line with seed dispersal by birds. Chinese tallow trees were observed to be more densely dispersed within some scrublands and grasslands than were observed in pine, hardwood, and mixed forests.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121215","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Toledo Bend Project","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Rangoonwala, A., Bannister, T., and Suzuoki, Y., 2013, Remote sensing survey of Chinese tallow tree in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area, Louisiana and Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1215, xi, 74 p.; Table 14; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121215.","productDescription":"xi, 74 p.; Table 14; Database","numberOfPages":"89","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121215.gif"},{"id":272066,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1215/Table14_RedTallowMapping.xlsx"},{"id":272064,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1215/"},{"id":272067,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1215/Database/ToledoBend_click"},{"id":272065,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1215/OFR%202012-1215.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana;Texas","county":"Toledo Bend Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.1,31.1 ], [ -94.1,32.0 ], [ -93.5,32.0 ], [ -93.5,31.1 ], [ -94.1,31.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518b65e6e4b0037667dbc7eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bannister, Terri","contributorId":82836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannister","given":"Terri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suzuoki, Yukihiro","contributorId":25283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suzuoki","given":"Yukihiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045873,"text":"ofr20131017 - 2013 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2010 through September 2011) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T15:55:52","indexId":"ofr20131017","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1017","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2010 through September 2011) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","docAbstract":"Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork basin of western Montana; additional water samples were collected from near Galen to near Missoula at select sites as part of a supplemental sampling program. The sampling program was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork basin, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2010 through September 2011. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 14 sites during August 2011. This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2010 through September 2011. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Turbidity was analyzed for water samples collected at the four sites where seasonal daily values of turbidity were being determined. Daily values of suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork basin are provided for the period of record since 1985.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131017","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J., 2013, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2010 through September 2011) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1017, vi, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131017.","productDescription":"vi, 134 p.","numberOfPages":"142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131017.gif"},{"id":272044,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1017/"},{"id":272045,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1017/OF13-1017_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a1460e4b061e1bd533363","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045803,"text":"ofr20131097 - 2013 - Mercury and water-quality data from Rink Creek, Salmon River, and Good River, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, November 2009-October 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-06T12:39:33","indexId":"ofr20131097","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1097","title":"Mercury and water-quality data from Rink Creek, Salmon River, and Good River, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, November 2009-October 2011","docAbstract":"Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GBNPP), Alaska, like many pristine high latitude areas, is exposed to atmospherically deposited contaminants such as mercury (Hg). Although the harmful effects of Hg are well established, information on this contaminant in southeast Alaska is scarce. Here, we assess the level of this contaminant in several aquatic components (water, sediments, and biological tissue) in three adjacent, small streams in GBNPP that drain contrasting landscapes but receive similar atmospheric inputs: Rink Creek, Salmon River, and Good River.\n\nTwenty water samples were collected from 2009 to 2011 and processed and analyzed for total mercury and methylmercury (filtered and particulate), and dissolved organic carbon quantity and quality. Ancillary stream water parameters (discharge, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and temperature) were measured at the time of sampling. Major cations, anions, and nutrients were measured four times. In addition, total mercury was analyzed in streambed sediment in 2010 and in juvenile coho salmon and several taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in the early summer of 2010 and 2011.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Nagorski, S.A., Neal, E., and Brabets, T.P., 2013, Mercury and water-quality data from Rink Creek, Salmon River, and Good River, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, November 2009-October 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1097, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131097.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-11-01","temporalEnd":"2011-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131097.jpg"},{"id":271879,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1097/"},{"id":271880,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1097/pdf/ofr20131097.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -138.22,58.43 ], [ -138.22,59.24 ], [ -135.78,59.24 ], [ -135.78,58.43 ], [ -138.22,58.43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5188d46ce4b023d2d75b9a3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagorski, Sonia A.","contributorId":32940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagorski","given":"Sonia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045771,"text":"ofr20121051 - 2013 - Benthic substrate classification map: Gulf Islands National Seashore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-03T15:17:16","indexId":"ofr20121051","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1051","title":"Benthic substrate classification map: Gulf Islands National Seashore","docAbstract":"The 2005 hurricane season was devastating for the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Hurricane Katrina caused significant degradation of the barrier islands that compose the Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS). Because of the ability of coastal barrier islands to help mitigate hurricane damage to the mainland, restoring these habitats prior to the onset of future storms will help protect the islands themselves and the surrounding habitats. During Hurricane Katrina, coastal barrier islands reduced storm surge by approximately 10 percent and moderated wave heights (Wamsley and others, 2009). Islands protected the mainland by preventing ocean waves from maintaining their size as they approached the mainland. In addition to storm protection, it is advantageous to restore these islands to preserve the cultural heritage present there (for example, Fort Massachusetts) and because of the influence that these islands have on marine ecology. For example, these islands help maintain a salinity regime favorable to oysters in the Mississippi Sound and provide critical habitats for many migratory birds and endangered species such as sea turtles (Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta, and Dermochelys coriacea), Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi), and piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2009a). As land manager for the GUIS, the National Park Service (NPS) has been working with the State of Mississippi and the Mobile District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to provide a set of recommendations to the Mississippi Coastal Improvements Program (MsCIP) that will guide restoration planning. The final set of recommendations includes directly renourishing both West Ship Island (to protect Fort Massachusetts) and East Ship Island (to restore the French Warehouse archaeological site); filling Camille Cut to recreate a continuous Ship Island; and restoring natural regional sediment transport processes by placing sand in the littoral zone just east of Petit Bois Island. Prevailing sediment transport processes will provide natural renourishment of the westward islands in the barrier system (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2009b). One difficulty in developing the final recommendations is that few data are available to incorporate into restoration plans related to bathymetry, sediment type, and biota. For example, the most recent bathymetry available dates to when East and West Ship Islands were a single continuous island (1917). As a result, the MsCIP program has encouraged post-hurricane bathymetric data collection for future reference. Furthermore, managing a complex environment such as this barrier island system for habitat conservation and best resource usage requires significant knowledge about those habitats and resources. To effectively address these issues, a complete and comprehensive understanding of the type, geographic extent, and condition of marine resources included within the GUIS is required. However, the data related to the GUIS marine resources are limited either spatially or temporally. Specifically, there is limited knowledge and information about the distribution of benthic habitats and the characteristics of the offshore region of the GUIS, even though these are the habitats that will be most affected by habitat restoration. The goal of this project is to develop a comprehensive map of the benthic marine habitats within the GUIS to give park managers the ability to develop strategies for coastal and ocean-resource management and to aid decisionmakers in evaluating conservation priorities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121051","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Gulf of Mexico Progam","usgsCitation":"Lavoie, D., Flocks, J., Twichell, D., and Rose, K., 2013, Benthic substrate classification map: Gulf Islands National Seashore: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1051, vi, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121051.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121051.gif"},{"id":271802,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1051/"},{"id":271803,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1051/pdf/ofr2012-1051.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Gulf Coast","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.74,28.49 ], [ -88.74,30.4 ], [ -85.8,30.4 ], [ -85.8,28.49 ], [ -88.74,28.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5184ce51e4b04d6ec94d6295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lavoie, Dawn","contributorId":43881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavoie","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flocks, James","contributorId":62266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Twichell, Dave","contributorId":23421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"Dave","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, Kate","contributorId":66154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045762,"text":"ofr20131103 - 2013 - A collaborative user-producer assessment of earthquake-response products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-02T16:27:39","indexId":"ofr20131103","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1103","title":"A collaborative user-producer assessment of earthquake-response products","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Washington State Emergency Management Division assessed how well USGS earthquake-response products met the needs of emergency managers at county and local levels. Focus-group responses guided development of new products for testing in a regional-scale earthquake exercise. The assessment showed that (1) emergency responders consider most USGS products unnecessary after the first few postearthquake hours because the products are predictors, and responders are quickly immersed in reality; (2) during crises a significant fraction of personnel engaged in emergency response are drawn from many sectors, increasing the breadth of education well beyond emergency management agencies; (3) many emergency personnel do not use maps; and (4) information exchange, archiving, and analyses involve mechanisms and technical capabilities that vary among agencies, so widely used products must be technically versatile and easy to use.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131103","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Washington Military Department, Emergency Management Division","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., and Jakobitz, A., 2013, A collaborative user-producer assessment of earthquake-response products: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1103, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131103.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131103.gif"},{"id":271783,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1103/"},{"id":271784,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1103/of2013-1103.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd498be4b0b290850ef440","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, Joan","contributorId":77919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jakobitz, Allen","contributorId":103159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobitz","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045698,"text":"ofr20131094 - 2013 - Input-form data for the U.S. Geological Survey assessment of the Devonian and Mississippian Bakken and Devonian Three Forks Formations of the U.S. Williston Basin Province, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T13:20:41","indexId":"ofr20131094","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1094","title":"Input-form data for the U.S. Geological Survey assessment of the Devonian and Mississippian Bakken and Devonian Three Forks Formations of the U.S. Williston Basin Province, 2013","docAbstract":"In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed the technically recoverable oil and gas resources of the Bakken and Three Forks Formations of the U.S. portion of the Williston Basin. The Bakken and Three Forks Formations were assessed as continuous and hypothetical conventional oil accumulations using a methodology similar to that used in the assessment of other continuous- and conventional-type assessment units throughout the United States. The purpose of this report is to provide supplemental documentation and information used in the Bakken-Three Forks assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131094","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Bakken-Three Forks Assessment Team, Gaswirth, S., Marra, K.R., Cook, T.A., Charpentier, R., Gautier, D.L., Higley, D.K., Klett, T., Lewan, M., Lillis, P.G., Schenk, C.J., Tennyson, M., and Whidden, K.J., 2013, Input-form data for the U.S. Geological Survey assessment of the Devonian and Mississippian Bakken and Devonian Three Forks Formations of the U.S. Williston Basin Province, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1094, iii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131094.","productDescription":"iii, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science 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When compared to Colorado’s water temperature criteria (Cold Tier 1), a portion of these populations appeared to be at risk from elevated stream temperatures, as indicated by exceedance of both acute (17–22 percent) and chronic (2–9 percent) water quality metrics. Summer water temperature profiles recorded at sites within current Rio Grande cutthroat trout habitat indicated that although the majority of currently occupied conservation streams have temperatures that fall well below these biologically based acute and chronic thermal thresholds, several sites may be at or approaching water temperatures considered stressful to cutthroat trout. Further, water temperatures should be considered in decisions regarding the current and future thermal suitability of potential Rio Grande cutthroat trout restoration sites. Additionally, baseflow discharge sampling indicated that a majority of the sampled stream segments containing Rio Grande cutthroat trout have flows less than 1.0 cubic feet per second (cfs) in both 2010 (74 percent) and 2011 (77 percent). The relative drought sensitivity of these low baseflow streams containing Rio Grande cutthroat trout could be further evaluated to assess their probable sustainability under possible future drought conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131051","usgsCitation":"Zeigler, M., Todd, A., and Caldwell, C.A., 2013, Water temperature and baseflow discharge of streams throughout the range of Rio Grande cutthroat trout in Colorado and New Mexico—2010 and 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1051, Report: vi, 19 p.; Appendix A: Monitoring Site Data for Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations Part 1 and Part 2 PDFs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131051.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 19 p.; Appendix A: Monitoring Site Data for Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations Part 1 and Part 2 PDFs","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":205,"text":"Cooperative Research Units","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131051.gif"},{"id":271661,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1051/Appendix%20A_1.pdf"},{"id":271659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1051/"},{"id":271662,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1051/Appendix%20A_2.pdf"},{"id":271660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1051/ofr2013-1051.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;New Mexico;Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180d9dde4b0df838b924d3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeigler, Matthew P.","contributorId":44401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigler","given":"Matthew P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, Andrew S.","contributorId":33162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Colleen A. 0000-0002-4730-4867 ccaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4730-4867","contributorId":3050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Colleen","email":"ccaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045704,"text":"ofr20131052 - 2013 - Total nutrient and sediment loads, trends, yields, and nontidal water-quality indicators for selected nontidal stations, Chesapeake Bay Watershed, 1985–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-06T23:03:48.555439","indexId":"ofr20131052","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1052","title":"Total nutrient and sediment loads, trends, yields, and nontidal water-quality indicators for selected nontidal stations, Chesapeake Bay Watershed, 1985–2011","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) partners, routinely reports long-term concentration trends and monthly and annual constituent loads for stream water-quality monitoring stations across the Chesapeake Bay watershed. 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WNS is caused by a psychrophilic fungus, Geomyces destructans. Clinical signs of this pathogen are expressed as a dusty white fungus predominately around the nose and on the wings of affected bats. Relatively new biomarkers, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) are being targeted as markers to predict the syndrome prior to the clinical manifestation. The primary objective of this study was to identify miRNAs that could serve as biomarkers and proxies of little brown bat health. Bats were collected from hibernacula that had tested positive and negative for WNS. Genetic sequencing was completed using the Ion Torrent platform. A number of miRNAs were identified from the liver as putative biomarkers of WNS. 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In addition to presenting data, this report also describes monitoring, data collection, and quality control methodology. This array of 16 monitoring stations spans 68.5°N to 70.5°N and 142.5°W to 161°W, an area of roughly 150,000 square kilometers. Climate summaries are presented along with provisional quality-controlled data. Data collection is ongoing and includes several additional climate variables to be released in subsequent reports, including ground temperature and soil moisture, snow depth, rainfall, up- and downwelling shortwave radiation, and atmospheric pressure. These data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in close collaboration with the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131063","usgsCitation":"Urban, F., and Clow, G.D., 2013, Air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction in the National Petroleum Reserve—Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1063, HTML Document: Introduction/main text; Tunalik; Umiat; Inigok; Koluktak; Lake 145; Marsh Creek; Niquanak; Piksiksak; Red Sheep Creek; South Meade; Awuana 1; Awuana 2; Camden Bay; Drew Point; East Teshekpuk; Fish Creek; Ikpikpuk, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131063.","productDescription":"HTML Document: Introduction/main text; Tunalik; Umiat; Inigok; Koluktak; Lake 145; Marsh Creek; Niquanak; Piksiksak; Red Sheep Creek; South Meade; Awuana 1; Awuana 2; Camden Bay; Drew Point; East Teshekpuk; Fish Creek; Ikpikpuk","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131063.jpg"},{"id":271619,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1063/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.015,0.0016666666666666668 ], [ -0.015,0.0019444444444444444 ], [ -0.015833333333333335,0.0019444444444444444 ], [ -0.015833333333333335,0.0016666666666666668 ], [ -0.015,0.0016666666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180d9cfe4b0df838b924d21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Urban, Frank E. 0000-0002-1329-1703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":80918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Frank E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, Gary D. 0000-0002-2262-3853 clow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-3853","contributorId":2066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"Gary","email":"clow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045675,"text":"ofr20131091 - 2013 - Review of selected global mineral industries in 2011 and an outlook to 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-29T13:51:07","indexId":"ofr20131091","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1091","title":"Review of selected global mineral industries in 2011 and an outlook to 2017","docAbstract":"This report reviews the world production of selected mineral commodities in 2011 and includes output projections (based on planned capacity expansions) through 2017. It also includes brief discussions of several issues that are of importance to the mineral sector, including the world economy, the availability of strategic minerals, significant company mergers and acquisitions in 2011, exploration investment made during the year, and the moves towards resource nationalization and expropriation of mineral assets by national Governments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131091","usgsCitation":"Menzie, W.D., Soto-Viruet, Y., Bermudez-Lugo, O., Mobbs, P.M., Perez, A., Taib, M., Wacaster, S., and Staff, 2013, Review of selected global mineral industries in 2011 and an outlook to 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1091, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131091.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2017-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131091.gif"},{"id":271616,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1091/"},{"id":271617,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1091/OFR2013-1091.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517f8857e4b0e41721f7a324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Menzie, W. David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soto-Viruet, Yadira ysoto-viruet@usgs.gov","contributorId":500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soto-Viruet","given":"Yadira","email":"ysoto-viruet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bermudez-Lugo, Omayra obermude@usgs.gov","contributorId":60519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bermudez-Lugo","given":"Omayra","email":"obermude@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mobbs, Philip M. pmobbs@usgs.gov","contributorId":5108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mobbs","given":"Philip","email":"pmobbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perez, Alberto Alexander","contributorId":23417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Alberto Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taib, Mowafa","contributorId":56536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taib","given":"Mowafa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wacaster, Susan","contributorId":25059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wacaster","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Staff","contributorId":128191,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Staff","id":535488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70045617,"text":"ofr20131066 - 2013 - Water temperatures in select nearshore environments of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, during the Low Steady Summer Flow experiment of 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-26T12:19:33","indexId":"ofr20131066","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1066","title":"Water temperatures in select nearshore environments of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, during the Low Steady Summer Flow experiment of 2000","docAbstract":"Water releases from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona, are the primary determinant of streamflow, sediment transport, water quality, and aquatic and riparian habitat availability in the Colorado River downstream of the dam in Grand Canyon. The presence and operation of the dam have transformed the seasonally warm Colorado River into a consistently cold river because of hypolimnetic, or deep-water, releases from the penstock withdrawal structures on the dam. These releases have substantially altered the thermal regime of the downstream riverine environment. This, in turn, has affected the biota of the river corridor, particularly native and nonnative fish communities and the aquatic food web. In the spring and summer of 2000, a Low Steady Summer Flow experiment was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Reclamation to evaluate the effects of the experimental flow on physical and biological resources of the Colorado River ecosystem downstream from Glen Canyon Dam to Lake Mead on the Arizona-Nevada border. This report describes the water temperatures collected during the experimental flow from 14 nearshore sites in the river corridor in Grand Canyon to assess the effects of steady releases on the thermal dynamics of nearshore environments. These nearshore areas are characterized by low-velocity flows with some degree of isolation from the higher velocity flows in the main channel and are hypothesized to be important rearing environments for young native fish. Water-temperature measurements were made at 14 sites, ranging from backwater to open-channel environments. Warming during daylight hours, relative to main-channel temperatures, was measured at all sites in relation to the amount of isolation from the main-channel current. Boat traffic, amount of direct solar radiation, and degree of isolation from the main-channel current appear to be the primary factors affecting the differential warming of the nearshore environment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131066","usgsCitation":"Vernieu, W., and Anderson, C.R., 2013, Water temperatures in select nearshore environments of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, during the Low Steady Summer Flow experiment of 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1066, Report: vi, 44 p.; Data folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131066.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 44 p.; Data folder","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131066.gif"},{"id":271509,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1066/csv"},{"id":271507,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1066/"},{"id":271508,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1066/of2013-1066_text.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,35 ], [ -114,37.25 ], [ -111,37.25 ], [ -111,35 ], [ -114,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517b93d8e4b09d6a5f9a2eaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vernieu, William S.","contributorId":49068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vernieu","given":"William S.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Craig R.","contributorId":42857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045602,"text":"ofr20131057 - 2013 - Landsat ecosystem disturbance adaptive processing system (LEDAPS) algorithm description","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-25T14:02:16","indexId":"ofr20131057","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1057","title":"Landsat ecosystem disturbance adaptive processing system (LEDAPS) algorithm description","docAbstract":"The Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) software was originally developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland to produce top-of-atmosphere reflectance from LandsatThematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Level 1 digital numbers and to apply atmospheric corrections to generate a surface-reflectance product.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has adopted the LEDAPS algorithm for producing the Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record.This report discusses the LEDAPS algorithm, which was implemented by the USGS.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131057","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, G., Jenkerson, C.B., Masek, J., Vermote, E., and Gao, F., 2013, Landsat ecosystem disturbance adaptive processing system (LEDAPS) algorithm description: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1057, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131057.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131057.gif"},{"id":271477,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1057/"},{"id":271478,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1057/ofr13_1057.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517a425ce4b072c16ef14ae7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Gail 0000-0002-9684-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-8158","contributorId":29086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Gail","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkerson, Calli B. 0000-0002-3780-9175 jenkerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-9175","contributorId":469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkerson","given":"Calli","email":"jenkerson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masek, Jeffrey","contributorId":89783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vermote, Eric","contributorId":15498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vermote","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gao, Feng 0000-0002-1865-2846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-2846","contributorId":70671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Feng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70045575,"text":"ofr20131077 - 2013 - Tidal flow dynamics and background fluorescence of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the vicinity of Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, 2011-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T08:26:02","indexId":"ofr20131077","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1077","title":"Tidal flow dynamics and background fluorescence of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the vicinity of Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, 2011-12","docAbstract":"To effectively plan site-specific studies to understand the connection between wastewater effluent and shellfish beds, data are needed concerning flow dynamics and background fluorescence in the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway near the effluent outfalls on Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms. Tidal flows were computed by the U.S. Geological Survey for three stations and longitudinal water-quality profiles were collected at high and low tide. Flows for the three U.S. Geological Survey stations, the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway by the Isle of Palms Marina, the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway by the Ben M. Sawyer Memorial Bridge at Sullivan’s Island, and Breach Inlet, were computed for the 53-day period from December 4, 2011, to January 26, 2012. The largest flows occurred at Breach Inlet and ranged from -58,600 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) toward the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway to 63,300 ft3/s toward the Atlantic Ocean. Of the two stations on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, the Sullivan’s Island station had the larger flows and ranged from -6,360 ft3/s to the southwest (toward Charleston Harbor) to 8,930 ft3/s to the northeast. Computed tidal flow at the Isle of Palms station ranged from -3,460 ft3/s toward the southwest to 6,410 ft3/s toward the northeast. The synoptic water-quality study showed that the stations were well mixed vertically and horizontally. All fluorescence measurements (recorded as rhodamine concentration) were below the accuracy of the sensor and the background fluorescence would not likely interfere with a dye-tracer study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., Journey, C.A., Clark, J.M., and Levesque, V.A., 2013, Tidal flow dynamics and background fluorescence of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the vicinity of Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, 2011-12: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1077, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131077.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-12-04","temporalEnd":"2012-01-26","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271412,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1077/"},{"id":271414,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271413,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1077/pdf/ofr2013-1077.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 17","country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Isle of Palms, Sullivan's Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.96192932128906,\n 32.70757783494157\n ],\n [\n -79.96192932128906,\n 32.87901051714101\n ],\n [\n -79.64401245117188,\n 32.87901051714101\n ],\n [\n -79.64401245117188,\n 32.70757783494157\n ],\n [\n -79.96192932128906,\n 32.70757783494157\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5178f0dfe4b0d842c705f6c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":517762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":517763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Jimmy M. 0000-0002-3138-5738 jmclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5738","contributorId":4773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Jimmy","email":"jmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":517765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Levesque, Victor A. levesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":4335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levesque","given":"Victor","email":"levesque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":517764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045548,"text":"ofr20131061 - 2013 - Groundwater-level trends and forecasts, and salinity trends, in the Azraq, Dead Sea, Hammad, Jordan Side Valleys, Yarmouk, and Zarqa groundwater basins, Jordan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-22T13:18:43","indexId":"ofr20131061","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1061","title":"Groundwater-level trends and forecasts, and salinity trends, in the Azraq, Dead Sea, Hammad, Jordan Side Valleys, Yarmouk, and Zarqa groundwater basins, Jordan","docAbstract":"Changes in groundwater levels and salinity in six groundwater basins in Jordan were characterized by using linear trends fit to well-monitoring data collected from 1960 to early 2011. On the basis of data for 117 wells, groundwater levels in the six basins were declining, on average about -1 meter per year (m/yr), in 2010. The highest average rate of decline, -1.9 m/yr, occurred in the Jordan Side Valleys basin, and on average no decline occurred in the Hammad basin. The highest rate of decline for an individual well was -9 m/yr. Aquifer saturated thickness, a measure of water storage, was forecast for year 2030 by using linear extrapolation of the groundwater-level trend in 2010. From 30 to 40 percent of the saturated thickness, on average, was forecast to be depleted by 2030. Five percent of the wells evaluated were forecast to have zero saturated thickness by 2030. Electrical conductivity was used as a surrogate for salinity (total dissolved solids). Salinity trends in groundwater were much more variable and less linear than groundwater-level trends. The long-term linear salinity trend at most of the 205 wells evaluated was not increasing, although salinity trends are increasing in some areas. The salinity in about 58 percent of the wells in the Amman-Zarqa basin was substantially increasing, and the salinity in Hammad basin showed a long-term increasing trend. Salinity increases were not always observed in areas with groundwater-level declines. The highest rates of salinity increase were observed in regional discharge areas near groundwater pumping centers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131061","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., Senior, L.A., Subah, A., and Jaber, A., 2013, Groundwater-level trends and forecasts, and salinity trends, in the Azraq, Dead Sea, Hammad, Jordan Side Valleys, Yarmouk, and Zarqa groundwater basins, Jordan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1061, Report: viii, 80 p.; Executive Summary: 11 p.; ZIP of all files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131061.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 80 p.; Executive Summary: 11 p.; ZIP of all files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131061.png"},{"id":271358,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1061/"},{"id":271359,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1061/support/ofr2013-1061.zip"},{"id":271360,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1061/support/ofr2013-1061.pdf"}],"projection":"Palestine 1923 Palestine Belt, Transverse Mercator","country":"Jordan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 34.8706,29.1809 ], [ 34.8706,33.3764 ], [ 39.3036,33.3764 ], [ 39.3036,29.1809 ], [ 34.8706,29.1809 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51764ddce4b0f989f99e0096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senior, Lisa A. 0000-0003-2629-1996 lasenior@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-1996","contributorId":2150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"Lisa","email":"lasenior@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Subah, Ali","contributorId":66994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Subah","given":"Ali","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaber, Ayman","contributorId":46398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaber","given":"Ayman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045549,"text":"ofr20131092 - 2013 - Complexity of nearshore strontium-to-calcium ratio variability in a core sample of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea obtained in Coral Bay, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-22T13:09:33","indexId":"ofr20131092","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1092","title":"Complexity of nearshore strontium-to-calcium ratio variability in a core sample of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea obtained in Coral Bay, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"Strontium-to-calcium ratios (Sr/Ca) were measured on the skeletal matrix of a core sample from a colony of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea collected in Coral Bay, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Strontium and calcium are incorporated into the coral skeleton during the precipitation of aragonite by the coral polyps and their ratio is highly temperature dependent. The robustness of this temperature dependence makes Sr/Ca a reliable proxy for sea surface temperature (SST). Details presented from the St. John S. siderea core indicate that terrestrial inputs of sediment and freshwater can disrupt the chemical balance and subsequently complicate the utility of Sr/Ca in reconstructing historical SST. An approximately 44-year-long record of Sr/Ca shows that an annual SST signal is recorded but with an increasing Sr/Ca trend from 1980 to present, which is likely the result of runoff from the mountainous terrain of St. John. The overwhelming influence of the terrestrial fingerprint on local seawater chemistry makes utilizing Sr/Ca as a SST proxy in nearshore environments very difficult.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131092","usgsCitation":"Reich, C.D., Kuffner, I.B., Hickey, T.D., Morrison, J.M., and Flannery, J.A., 2013, Complexity of nearshore strontium-to-calcium ratio variability in a core sample of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea obtained in Coral Bay, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1092, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131092.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131092.gif"},{"id":271356,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1092/pdf/ofr2013-1092.pdf"},{"id":271355,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1092/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Saint John;United States Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -64.7998,18.2983 ], [ -64.7998,18.373 ], [ -64.6608,18.373 ], [ -64.6608,18.2983 ], [ -64.7998,18.2983 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765be0e4b0f989f99e00a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reich, Christopher D. 0000-0002-2534-1456 creich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Christopher","email":"creich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickey, T. Don","contributorId":49066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Don","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-4460-7843 jmmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-7843","contributorId":4903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flannery, Jennifer A. 0000-0002-1692-2662 jflannery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1692-2662","contributorId":4317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flannery","given":"Jennifer","email":"jflannery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}