{"pageNumber":"890","pageRowStart":"22225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70030125,"text":"70030125 - 2007 - A global organism detection and monitoring system for non-native species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-17T10:39:20","indexId":"70030125","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1457,"text":"Ecological Informatics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A global organism detection and monitoring system for non-native species","docAbstract":"<p>Harmful invasive non-native species are a significant threat to native species and ecosystems, and the costs associated with non-native species in the United States is estimated at over $120 Billion/year. While some local or regional databases exist for some taxonomic groups, there are no effective geographic databases designed to detect and monitor all species of non-native plants, animals, and pathogens. We developed a web-based solution called the Global Organism Detection and Monitoring (GODM) system to provide real-time data from a broad spectrum of users on the distribution and abundance of non-native species, including attributes of their habitats for predictive spatial modeling of current and potential distributions. The four major subsystems of GODM provide dynamic links between the organism data, web pages, spatial data, and modeling capabilities. The core survey database tables for recording invasive species survey data are organized into three categories: \"Where, Who &amp; When, and What.\" Organisms are identified with Taxonomic Serial Numbers from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System. To allow users to immediately see a map of their data combined with other user's data, a custom geographic information system (GIS) Internet solution was required. The GIS solution provides an unprecedented level of flexibility in database access, allowing users to display maps of invasive species distributions or abundances based on various criteria including taxonomic classification (i.e., phylum or division, order, class, family, genus, species, subspecies, and variety), a specific project, a range of dates, and a range of attributes (percent cover, age, height, sex, weight). This is a significant paradigm shift from \"map servers\" to true Internet-based GIS solutions. The remainder of the system was created with a mix of commercial products, open source software, and custom software. Custom GIS libraries were created where required for processing large datasets, accessing the operating system, and to use existing libraries in C++, R, and other languages to develop the tools to track harmful species in space and time. The GODM database and system are crucial for early detection and rapid containment of invasive species. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Informatics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoinf.2007.03.006","issn":"15749541","usgsCitation":"Graham, J., Newman, G., Jarnevich, C., Shory, R., and Stohlgren, T., 2007, A global organism detection and monitoring system for non-native species: Ecological Informatics, v. 2, no. 2, p. 177-183, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2007.03.006.","startPage":"177","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502538,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10217/243722","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213052,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2007.03.006"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e40ae4b0c8380cd46389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, J.","contributorId":73826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newman, G.","contributorId":107657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarnevich, C.","contributorId":68099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shory, R.","contributorId":9870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shory","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030124,"text":"70030124 - 2007 - Surface temperature patterns in complex terrain: Daily variations and long-term change in the central Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T12:03:16","indexId":"70030124","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface temperature patterns in complex terrain: Daily variations and long-term change in the central Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"<p>A realistic description of how temperatures vary with elevation is crucial for ecosystem studies and for models of basin-scale snowmelt and spring streamflow. This paper explores surface temperature variability using temperature data from an array of 37 sensors, called the Yosemite network, which traverses both slopes of the Sierra Nevada in the vicinity of Yosemite National Park, California. These data indicate that a simple lapse rate is often a poor description of the spatial temperature structure. Rather, the spatial pattern of temperature over the Yosemite network varies considerably with synoptic conditions. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) were used to identify the dominant spatial temperature patterns and how they vary in time. Temporal variations of these surface temperature patterns were correlated with large-scale weather conditions, as described by National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis data. Regression equations were used to downscale larger-scale weather parameters, such as Reanalysis winds and pressure, to the surface temperature structure over the Yosemite network. These relationships demonstrate that strong westerly winds are associated with relatively warmer temperatures on the east slope and cooler temperatures on the west slope of the Sierra, and weaker westerly winds are associated with the opposite pattern. Reanalysis data from 1948 to 2005 indicate weakening westerlies over this time period, a trend leading to relatively cooler temperatures on the east slope over decadal timescale's. This trend also appears in long-term observations and demonstrates the need to consider topographic effects when examining long-term changes in mountain regions. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JD007561","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lundquist, J., and Cayan, D., 2007, Surface temperature patterns in complex terrain: Daily variations and long-term change in the central Sierra Nevada, California: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 112, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007561.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213051,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007561"}],"volume":"112","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fc1e4b08c986b31e7f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundquist, J.D.","contributorId":93243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundquist","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030121,"text":"70030121 - 2007 - Dust deposition on the Mars Exploration Rover Panoramic Camera (Pancam) calibration targets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030121","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dust deposition on the Mars Exploration Rover Panoramic Camera (Pancam) calibration targets","docAbstract":"The Panoramic Camera (Pancam) on the Mars Exploration Rover mission has acquired in excess of 20,000 images of the Pancam calibration targets on the rovers. Analysis of this data set allows estimates of the rate of deposition and removal of aeolian dust on both rovers. During the first 150-170 sols there was gradual dust accumulation on the rovers but no evidence for dust removal. After that time there is ample evidence for both dust removal and dust deposition on both rover decks. We analyze data from early in both rover missions using a diffusive reflectance mixing model. Assuming a dust settling rate proportional to the atmospheric optical depth, we derive spectra of optically thick layers of airfall dust that are consistent with spectra from dusty regions on the Martian surface. Airfall dust reflectance at the Opportunity site appears greater than at the Spirit site, consistent with other observations. We estimate the optical depth of dust deposited on the Spirit calibration target by sol 150 to be 0.44 ?? 0.13. For Opportunity the value was 0.39 ?? 0.12. Assuming 80% pore space, we estimate that the dust layer grew at a rate of one grain diameter per ???100 sols on the Spirit calibration target. On Opportunity the rate was one grain diameter per ???125 sols. These numbers are consistent with dust deposition rates observed by Mars Pathfinder taking into account the lower atmospheric dust optical depth during the Mars Pathfinder mission. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JE002807","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Kinch, K., Sohl-Dickstein, J., Bell, J., Johnson, J.R., Goetz, W., and Landis, G.A., 2007, Dust deposition on the Mars Exploration Rover Panoramic Camera (Pancam) calibration targets: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 112, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002807.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487770,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/129781","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213019,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002807"}],"volume":"112","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a041ce4b0c8380cd507bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinch, K.M.","contributorId":9041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinch","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl-Dickstein, J.","contributorId":8295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl-Dickstein","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goetz, W.","contributorId":104258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landis, G. A.","contributorId":76536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030117,"text":"70030117 - 2007 - Evidence of CFC degradation in groundwater under pyrite-oxidizing conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:53:20","indexId":"70030117","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of CFC degradation in groundwater under pyrite-oxidizing conditions","docAbstract":"<p><span>A detailed local-scale&nbsp;monitoring network&nbsp;was used to assess CFC distribution in an unconfined sand&nbsp;aquifer&nbsp;in southwestern Ontario where the zone of 1–5-year-old groundwater was known with certainty because of prior use of a bromide tracer. Groundwater ⩽5 years old was confined to an aerobic zone at ⩽5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m depth and had CFC concentrations consistent with modern atmospheric&nbsp;mixing ratios&nbsp;at recharge temperatures of 7–11</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>°C, as was observed in the 3-m thick&nbsp;vadose zone&nbsp;at the site. At depths below 6</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m, the groundwater became progressively more reducing, however, with a denitrifying horizon at 6–7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m depth, and a Mn and Fe reducing zone below 7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m depth. In the anaerobic zone,&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ratios indicated that groundwater-age continued to increase uniformly with depth, to a maximum value of 27 years at 13</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m depth. CFC concentrations, however, decreased abruptly within the denitrifying zone, leading to substantial age overestimation compared to the&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages.&nbsp;Noble gas&nbsp;data indicated that the apparent CFC mass loss was not likely the result of gas stripping from possible bubble formation; thus, CFC degradation was indicated in the anoxic zone. The field data are consistent with first-order degradation rates of 0.3</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for CFC-12, 0.7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for CFC-11, and 1.6</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for CFC-113. CFC attenuation at this site coincides with a zone where reduced S (pyrite) is actively oxidized by NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;dissolved oxygen&nbsp;(DO). Similar behavior has been observed at other sites [Tesoriero, A.J., Liebscher, H., Cox, S.E., 2000. Mechanism and rate of&nbsp;denitrification&nbsp;in an agricultural watershed: electron and mass balance along&nbsp;groundwater flow&nbsp;path. Water Resour. Res. 36 (6), 1545–1559; Hinsby, K., Hojberg, A.L., Engesgaard, P., Jensen, K.H., Larsen, F., Plummer, L.N., Busenberg, E., Accepted for publication. Transport and degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in a pyritic aquifer, Rabis Creek, Denmark. Water Resour. Res.], further demonstrating that the use of CFCs for&nbsp;age-dating&nbsp;anaerobic groundwater should be approached with caution, particularly if the sediment contains&nbsp;pyrite.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.08.009","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Sebol, L., Robertson, W., Busenberg, E., Plummer, N., Ryan, M., and Schiff, S., 2007, Evidence of CFC degradation in groundwater under pyrite-oxidizing conditions: Journal of Hydrology, v. 347, no. 1-2, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.08.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212965,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.08.009"}],"volume":"347","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d5ce4b0c8380cd52f92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sebol, L.A.","contributorId":74204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebol","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, W.D.","contributorId":40807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ryan, M.C.","contributorId":105535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schiff, S.L.","contributorId":13001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiff","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030113,"text":"70030113 - 2007 - Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030113","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1254,"text":"Clinical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance","docAbstract":"Background: We investigated whether changes in the natural isotopic composition of calcium in human urine track changes in net bone mineral balance, as predicted by a model of calcium isotopic behavior in vertebrates. If so, isotopic analysis of natural urine or blood calcium could be used to monitor short-term changes in bone mineral balance that cannot be detected with other techniques. Methods: Calcium isotopic compositions are expressed as ??44Ca, or the difference in parts per thousand between the 44Ca/40Ca of a sample and the 44Ca/ 40Ca of a standard reference material. ??44Ca was measured in urine samples from 10 persons who participated in a study of the effectiveness of countermeasures to bone loss in spaceflight, in which 17 weeks of bed rest was used to induce bone loss. Study participants were assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: controls received no treatment, one treatment group received alendronate, and another group performed resistive exercise. Measurements were made on urine samples collected before, at 2 or 3 points during, and after bed rest. Results: Urine ??44Ca values during bed rest were lower in controls than in individuals treated with alendronate (P <0.05, ANOVA) or exercise (P <0.05), and lower than the control group baseline (P <0.05, Mest). Results were consistent with the model and with biochemical and bone mineral density data. Conclusion: Results confirm the predicted relationship between bone mineral balance and calcium isotopes, suggesting that calcium isotopic analysis of urine might be refined into a clinical and research tool. ?? 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Clinical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143","issn":"00099147","usgsCitation":"Skulan, J., Bullen, T., Anbar, A., Puzas, J., Shackelford, L., LeBlanc, A., and Smith, S.M., 2007, Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance: Clinical Chemistry, v. 53, no. 6, p. 1155-1158, https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143.","startPage":"1155","endPage":"1158","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476964,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62e5e4b0c8380cd72190","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skulan, J.","contributorId":35125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skulan","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anbar, A.D.","contributorId":36365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anbar","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Puzas, J.E.","contributorId":48390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puzas","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shackelford, L.","contributorId":96486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shackelford","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LeBlanc, A.","contributorId":31210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030112,"text":"70030112 - 2007 - Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements","docAbstract":"A coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung, Taiwan, earthquake was well determined with 213 GPS stations, providing a unique opportunity to study the characteristics of coseismic displacements of a high-angle buried reverse fault. Horizontal coseismic displacements show fault-normal shortening across the fault trace. Displacements on the hanging wall reveal fault-parallel and fault-normal lengthening. The largest horizontal and vertical GPS displacements reached 153 and 302 mm, respectively, in the middle part of the network. Fault geometry and slip distribution were determined by inverting GPS data using a three-dimensional (3-D) layered-elastic dislocation model. The slip is mainly concentrated within a 44 ?? 14 km slip patch centered at 15 km depth with peak amplitude of 126.6 cm. Results from 3-D forward-elastic model tests indicate that the dome-shaped folding on the hanging wall is reproduced with fault dips greater than 40??. Compared with the rupture area and average slip from slow slip earthquakes and a compilation of finite source models of 18 earthquakes, the Chengkung earthquake generated a larger rupture area and a lower stress drop, suggesting lower than average friction. Hence the Chengkung earthquake seems to be a transitional example between regular and slow slip earthquakes. The coseismic source model of this event indicates that the Chihshang fault is divided into a creeping segment in the north and the locked segment in the south. An average recurrence interval of 50 years for a magnitude 6.8 earthquake was estimated for the southern fault segment. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004439","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Ching, K., Rau, R., and Zeng, Y., 2007, Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004439.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477129,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004439","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212879,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004439"},{"id":240438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc5de4b0c8380cd4e24f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ching, K.-E.","contributorId":45904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ching","given":"K.-E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rau, R.-J.","contributorId":24997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"R.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeng, Y.","contributorId":23759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030110,"text":"70030110 - 2007 - Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T11:40:18.33254","indexId":"70030110","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>We examine the impacts of a stand-clearing wildfire on the characteristics and magnitude of suspended sediment transport in ephemeral streams draining the burn area. We report the results of a monitoring program that includes 2 years of data prior to the Cerro Grande fire in New Mexico, and 3 years of postfire data. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) increased by about 2 orders of magnitude following the fire, and the proportion of silt and clay increased from 50% to 80%. For a given flow event, SSC is highest at the flood bore and decreases monotonically with time, a pattern evident in every flood sampled both before and after the fire. We propose that the accumulation of flow and wash load at the flow front is an inherent characteristic of ephemeral stream flows, due to amplified momentum losses at the flood bore. We present a new model for computing suspended sediment transport in ephemeral streams (in the presence or absence of wildfire) by relating SSC to the time following the arrival of the flood bore, rather than to instantaneous discharge. Using this model and a rainfall history, we estimate that in the 3 years following the fire, floods transported in suspension a mass equivalent to about 3 mm of landscape lowering across the burn area, 20% of this following a single rainstorm. We test the model by computing fine sediment delivery to a small reservoir in an adjacent watershed, where we have a detailed record of postfire sedimentation based on repeat surveys. Systematic discrepancies between modeled and measured sedimentation rates in the reservoir suggest rapid reductions in suspended sediment delivery in the first several years after the fire.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005JF000459","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Malmon, D., Reneau, S.L., Katzman, D., Lavine, A., and Lyman, J., 2007, Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. 2, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000459.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba306e4b08c986b31fb22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malmon, D.V.","contributorId":22960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reneau, Steven L.","contributorId":99639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reneau","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzman, D.","contributorId":34660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lavine, A.","contributorId":103876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavine","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyman, J.","contributorId":22153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030107,"text":"70030107 - 2007 - Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Geospatial statistical modelling and thematic maps have recently emerged as effective tools for the management of natural areas at the landscape scale. Traditional methods for the collection of field data pertaining to questions of landscape were developed without consideration for the parameters of these applications. We introduce an alternative field sampling design based on smaller unbiased random plot and subplot locations called the pixel nested plot (PNP). We demonstrate the applicability of the PNP design of 15 m x 15 m to assess patterns of plant diversity and species richness across the landscape at Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, USA in a time (cost)-efficient manner for field data collection. Our results produced comparable results to a previous study in the Beaver Meadow study (BMS) area within RMNP, where there was a demonstrated focus of plant diversity. Our study used the smaller PNP sampling design for field data collection which could be linked to geospatial information data and could be used for landscape-scale analyses and assessment applications. In 2003, we established 61 PNP in the eastern region of RMNP. We present a comparison between this approach using a sub-sample of 19 PNP from this data set and 20 of Modified Whittaker nested plots (MWNP) of 20 m x 50 m that were collected in the BMS area. The PNP captured 266 unique plant species while the MWNP captured 275 unique species. Based on a comparison of PNP and MWNP in the Beaver Meadows area, RMNP, the PNP required less time and area sampled to achieve a similar number of species sampled. Using the PNP approach for data collection can facilitate the ecological monitoring of these vulnerable areas at the landscape scale in a time- and therefore cost-effective manner. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x","issn":"13669516","usgsCitation":"Kalkhan, M.A., Stafford, E., and Stohlgren, T., 2007, Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA: Diversity and Distributions, v. 13, no. 4, p. 379-388, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x.","startPage":"379","endPage":"388","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212821,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x"},{"id":240368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94f7e4b0c8380cd8171d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhan, M. A.","contributorId":82655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalkhan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stafford, E.J.","contributorId":11831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030102,"text":"70030102 - 2007 - On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70030102","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes","docAbstract":"Synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy experiments were made on the Gd(III) aqua and chloro complexes in low pH aqueous solutions at temperatures ranging from 25 to 500????C and at pressures up to 480??MPa using a hydrothermal diamond anvil cell. Analysis of fluorescence Gd L3-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra measured from a 0.006m Gd/0.16m HNO3 aqueous solution at temperatures up to 500????C and at pressures up to 260??MPa shows that the Gd-O distance of the Gd3+ aqua ion decreases steadily at a rate of ??? 0.007??A??/100????C whereas the number of coordinated H2O molecules decreases from 9.0 ?? 0.5 to 7.0 ?? 0.4. The loss of water molecules in the Gd3+ aqua ion inner hydration shell over this temperature range (a 22% reduction) is smaller than exhibited by the Yb3+ aqua ion (42% reduction) indicating that the former is significantly more stable than the later. We conjecture that the anomalous enrichment of Gd reported from measurement of REE concentrations in ocean waters may be attributed to the enhanced stability of the Gd3+ aqua ion relative to other REEs. Gd L3-edge XAFS measurements of 0.006m and 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solutions at temperatures up to 500????C and pressures up to 480??MPa reveal that the onset of significant Gd3+-Cl- association occurs around 300????C. Partially-hydrated stepwise inner-sphere complexes most likely of the type Gd(H2O)??-nCln+3-n occur in the chloride solutions at higher temperatures, where ?? ??? 8 at 300????C decreasing slightly to an intermediate value between 7 and 8 upon approaching 500????C. This is the first direct evidence for the occurrence of partially-hydrated REE Gd (this study) and Yb [Mayanovic, R.A., Jayanetti, S., Anderson, A.J., Bassett, W.A., Chou, I-M., 2002a. The structure of Yb3+ aquo ion and chloro complexes in aqueous solutions at up to 500 ??C and 270 MPa. J. Phys. Chem. A 106, 6591-6599.] chloro complexes in hydrothermal solutions. The number of chlorides (n) of the partially-hydrated Gd(III) chloro complexes increases steadily with temperature from 0.4 ?? 0.2 to 1.7 ?? 0.3 in the 0.006m chloride solution and from 0.9 ?? 0.7 to 1.8 ?? 0.7 in the 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solution in the 300-500????C range. Conversely, the number of H2O ligands of Gd(H2O)??-nCln+3-n complexes decreases steadily from 8.9 ?? 0.4 to 5.8 ?? 0.7 in the 0.006m GdCl3 aqueous solution and from 9.0 ?? 0.5 to 5.3 ?? 1.0 in the 0.1m GdCl3 aqueous solution at temperatures from 25 to 500????C. Analysis of our results shows that the chloride ions partially displace the inner-shell water molecules during Gd(III) complex formation under hydrothermal conditions. The Gd-OH2 bond of the partially-hydrated Gd(III) chloro complexes exhibits slightly smaller rates of length contraction (??? 0.005??A??/100????C) for both solutions. The structural aspects of chloride speciation of Gd(III) as measured from this study and of Yb(III) as measured from our previous experiments are consistent with the solubility of these and other REE in deep-sea hydrothermal fluids. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Mayanovic, R.A., Anderson, A.J., Bassett, W.A., and Chou, I., 2007, On the formation and structure of rare-earth element complexes in aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions with new data on gadolinium aqua and chloro complexes: Chemical Geology, v. 239, no. 3-4, p. 266-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004.","startPage":"266","endPage":"283","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212729,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.004"},{"id":240261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"239","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dcce4b0c8380cd75330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayanovic, Robert A.","contributorId":88528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayanovic","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Alan J.","contributorId":28770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bassett, William A.","contributorId":47533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bassett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030100,"text":"70030100 - 2007 - Improved wetland remote sensing in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees to combine TM imagery and ancillary environmental data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T11:28:14","indexId":"70030100","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved wetland remote sensing in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees to combine TM imagery and ancillary environmental data","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses the term palustrine wetland to describe vegetated wetlands traditionally identified as marsh, bog, fen, swamp, or wet meadow. Landsat TM imagery was combined with image texture and ancillary environmental data to model probabilities of palustrine wetland occurrence in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees. Model training and test locations were identified from National Wetlands Inventory maps, and classification trees were built for seven years spanning a range of annual precipitation. At a coarse level, palustrine wetland was separated from upland. At a finer level, five palustrine wetland types were discriminated: aquatic bed (PAB), emergent (PEM), forested (PFO), scrub–shrub (PSS), and unconsolidated shore (PUS). TM-derived variables alone were relatively accurate at separating wetland from upland, but model error rates dropped incrementally as image texture, DEM-derived terrain variables, and other ancillary GIS layers were added. For classification trees making use of all available predictors, average overall test error rates were 7.8% for palustrine wetland/upland models and 17.0% for palustrine wetland type models, with consistent accuracies across years. However, models were prone to wetland over-prediction. While the predominant PEM class was classified with omission and commission error rates less than 14%, we had difficulty identifying the PAB and PSS classes. Ancillary vegetation information greatly improved PSS classification and moderately improved PFO discrimination. Association with geothermal areas distinguished PUS wetlands. Wetland over-prediction was exacerbated by class imbalance in likely combination with spatial and spectral limitations of the TM sensor. Wetland probability surfaces may be more informative than hard classification, and appear to respond to climate-driven wetland variability. The developed method is portable, relatively easy to implement, and should be applicable in other settings and over larger extents.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2006.10.019","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Wright, C., and Gallant, A.L., 2007, Improved wetland remote sensing in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees to combine TM imagery and ancillary environmental data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 107, no. 4, p. 582-605, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.10.019.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"582","endPage":"605","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212700,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.10.019"}],"volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3968e4b0c8380cd618f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, C.","contributorId":69589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637 gallant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":2940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"gallant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030097,"text":"70030097 - 2007 - Effects of management and climate on elk brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-04T06:34:15","indexId":"70030097","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of management and climate on elk brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Every winter, government agencies feed ∼6000 metric tons (6 × 10<sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>kg) of hay to elk in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) to limit transmission of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Brucella abortus,</i><span>&nbsp;</span>the causative agent of brucellosis, from elk to cattle. Supplemental feeding, however, is likely to increase the transmission of brucellosis in elk, and may be affected by climatic factors, such as snowpack. We assessed these possibilities using snowpack and feeding data from 1952 to 2006 and disease testing data from 1993 to 2006. Brucellosis seroprevalence was strongly correlated with the timing of the feeding season. Longer feeding seasons were associated with higher seroprevalence, but elk population size and density had only minor effects. In other words, the duration of host aggregation and whether it coincided with peak transmission periods was more important than just the host population size. Accurate modeling of disease transmission depends upon incorporating information on how host contact rates fluctuate over time relative to peak transmission periods. We also found that supplemental feeding seasons lasted longer during years with deeper snowpack. Therefore, milder winters and/or management strategies that reduce the length of the feeding season may reduce the seroprevalence of brucellosis in the elk populations of the southern GYE.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/06-1603","usgsCitation":"Cross, P., Edwards, W., Scurlock, B., Maichak, E., and Rogerson, J., 2007, Effects of management and climate on elk brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 4, p. 957-964, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1603.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"964","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212670,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1603"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yelllowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.03857421875,\n              42.309815415686664\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.30322265624999,\n              42.309815415686664\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.30322265624999,\n              45.321254361171476\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.03857421875,\n              45.321254361171476\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.03857421875,\n              42.309815415686664\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a074ee4b0c8380cd51639","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, P.C.","contributorId":48141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, W.H.","contributorId":43718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurlock, B.M.","contributorId":44742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scurlock","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maichak, E.J.","contributorId":56032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maichak","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rogerson, J.D.","contributorId":66917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogerson","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030095,"text":"70030095 - 2007 - Using simulated historical time series to prioritize fuel treatments on landscapes across the United States: The LANDFIRE prototype project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:29:32","indexId":"70030095","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using simulated historical time series to prioritize fuel treatments on landscapes across the United States: The LANDFIRE prototype project","docAbstract":"<p><span>Canopy and surface fuels in many fire-prone forests of the United States have increased over the last 70 years as a result of modern fire exclusion policies, grazing, and other land management activities. The Healthy Forest Restoration Act and National Fire Plan establish a national commitment to reduce fire hazard and restore fire-adapted ecosystems across the USA. The primary index used to prioritize treatment areas across the nation is Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) computed as departures of current conditions from the historical fire and landscape conditions. This paper describes a process that uses an extensive set of ecological models to map FRCC from a departure statistic computed from simulated time series of historical landscape composition. This mapping process uses a data-driven, biophysical approach where georeferenced field data, biogeochemical simulation models, and spatial data libraries are integrated using spatial statistical modeling to map environmental gradients that are then used to predict vegetation and fuels characteristics over space. These characteristics are then fed into a landscape fire and succession simulation model to simulate a time series of historical landscape compositions that are then compared to the composition of current landscapes to compute departure, and the FRCC values. Intermediate products from this process are then used to create ancillary vegetation, fuels, and fire regime layers that are useful in the eventual planning and implementation of fuel and restoration treatments at local scales. The complex integration of varied ecological models at different scales is described and problems encountered during the implementation of this process in the LANDFIRE prototype project are addressed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.02.005","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Keane, R.E., Rollins, M., and Zhu, Z., 2007, Using simulated historical time series to prioritize fuel treatments on landscapes across the United States: The LANDFIRE prototype project: Ecological Modelling, v. 204, no. 3-4, p. 485-502, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.02.005.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"502","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213105,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.02.005"},{"id":240696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"204","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0a0e4b08c986b32a229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":73930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rollins, Matthew","contributorId":72347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang zzhu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030092,"text":"70030092 - 2007 - Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T11:28:20.798894","indexId":"70030092","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article_abstract\"><div class=\"container container_scaled-down\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-xs-12\"><div id=\"abstractBox\" class=\"article_abstract-content hlFld-Abstract\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Aquatic insects often dominate lotic ecosystems, yet these organisms are under-represented in trace metal toxicity databases. Furthermore, toxicity data for aquatic insects do not appear to reflect their actual sensitivities to metals in nature, because the concentrations required to elicit toxicity in the laboratory are considerably higher than those found to impact insect communities in the field. New approaches are therefore needed to better understand how and why insects are differentially susceptible to metal exposures. Biodynamic modeling is a powerful tool for understanding interspecific differences in trace metal bioaccumulation. Because bioaccumulation alone does not necessarily correlate with toxicity, we combined biokinetic parameters associated with dissolved cadmium exposures with studies of the subcellular compartmentalization of accumulated Cd. This combination of physiological traits allowed us to make predictions of susceptibility differences to dissolved Cd in three aquatic insect taxa: <span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ephemerella excrucians</i>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Rhithrogena morrisoni</i>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Rhyacophila</i><span>&nbsp;</span>sp. We compared these predictions with long-term field monitoring data and toxicity tests with closely related taxa: <span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ephemerella infrequens</i>,<i><span>&nbsp;</span>Rhithrogena hageni</i>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Rhyacophila brunea.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Kinetic parameters allowed us to estimate steady-state concentrations, the time required to reach steady state, and the concentrations of Cd projected to be in potentially toxic compartments for different species. Species-specific physiological traits identified using biodynamic models provided a means for better understanding why toxicity assays with insects have failed to provide meaningful estimates for metal concentrations that would be expected to be protective in nature.</p></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es070464y","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Buchwalter, D., Cain, D.J., Clements, W., and Luoma, S., 2007, Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 13, p. 4821-4828, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070464y.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4821","endPage":"4828","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240631,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc035e4b08c986b329fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchwalter, D.B.","contributorId":20053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchwalter","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, W.H.","contributorId":78855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030086,"text":"70030086 - 2007 - Close temporal correspondence between geomagnetic anomalies and earthquakes during the 2002-2003 eruption of Etna volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030086","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Close temporal correspondence between geomagnetic anomalies and earthquakes during the 2002-2003 eruption of Etna volcano","docAbstract":"The early stages of the 2002-2003 lateral eruption at Mount Etna were accompanied by slow changes (over some hours) and some rapid step offsets in the local magnetic field. At five monitoring locations, the total magnetic field intensity has been measured using continuously operating Overhauser magnetometers at a sampling rate of 10 s. The very unique aspect of these observations is the close temporal correspondence between magnetic field offsets and earthquakes that occurred in the upper northern flank of the volcano on 27 October 2002 prior to a primary eruption. Rapid coseismic changes of the magnetic field were clearly identified for three of the most energetic earthquakes, which were concentrated along the Northeast Rift at a depth of about 1 km below sea level. Coseismic magnetic signals, with amplitudes from 0.5 to 2.5 nT, have been detected for three of the largest seismic events located roughly midway between the magnetic stations. We quantitatively examine possible geophysical mechanisms, which could cause the magnetic anomalies. The comparison between magnetic data, seismicity and surface phenomena implies that piezomagnetic effects are the primary physical mechanism responsible for the observed magnetic anomalies although the detailed cause of the rapid high stress change required is not clear. The modeling of the observed coseismic magnetic changes in terms of piezomagnetic mechanism provides further evidence of the complex interaction between volcanic and tectonic processes during dike propagation along the Northeast Rift. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JB005029","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Currenti, G., Del, N.C., Johnston, M., and Sasai, Y., 2007, Close temporal correspondence between geomagnetic anomalies and earthquakes during the 2002-2003 eruption of Etna volcano: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005029.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476973,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jb005029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212964,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005029"},{"id":240536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f673e4b0c8380cd4c785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Currenti, G.","contributorId":74959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Currenti","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Del, Negro C.","contributorId":87760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Del","given":"Negro","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, M.","contributorId":88091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sasai, Y.","contributorId":50340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasai","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030071,"text":"70030071 - 2007 - Distinguishing sources of ground water recharge by using δ2H and δ18O","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T13:45:09","indexId":"70030071","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distinguishing sources of ground water recharge by using δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O","title":"Distinguishing sources of ground water recharge by using δ2H and δ18O","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stable isotope values of hydrogen and oxygen from precipitation and ground water samples were compared by using a volumetrically based mixing equation and stable isotope gradient to estimate the season and location of recharge in four basins. Stable isotopes were sampled at 11 precipitation sites of differing elevation during a 2-year period to quantify seasonal stable isotope contributions as a function of elevation. Supplemental stable isotope data collected by the International Atomic Energy Association during a 14-year period were used to reduce annual variability of the mean seasonal stable isotope data. The stable isotope elevation relationships and local precipitation elevation relationships were combined by using a digital elevation model to calculate the total volumetric contribution of water and stable isotope values as a function of elevation within the basins. The results of these precipitation calculations were compared to measured ground water stable isotope values at the major discharge points near the terminus of the basins. Volumetric precipitation contributions to recharge were adjusted to isolate contributing elevations. This procedure provides an improved representation of recharge contributions within the basins over conventional stable isotope methods. Stable isotope values from wells and springs at the terminus of each basin were used to infer the elevations of precipitation important for recharge of the regional ground water flow system. Ancillary climatic, geologic, and stable isotope values were used to further constrain the location where precipitation is entering the ground water flow system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00289.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Blasch, K.W., and Bryson, J.R., 2007, Distinguishing sources of ground water recharge by using δ2H and δ18O: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 294-308, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00289.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"294","endPage":"308","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212758,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00289.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Verde River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              34.07996230865873\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              35.585851593232356\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.90698242187499,\n              35.585851593232356\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.90698242187499,\n              34.07996230865873\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              34.07996230865873\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0252e4b0c8380cd4ffde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bryson, Jeannie R.","contributorId":46184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryson","given":"Jeannie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030070,"text":"70030070 - 2007 - Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030070","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges","docAbstract":"Results from a multi-year, pilot-scale land treatment project for PAHs and PCBs biodegradation were evaluated. A mathematical model, capable of describing sorption, sequestration, and biodegradation in soil/water systems, is applied to interpret the efficacy of a sequential active-passive biotreatment process of organic chemicals on remediation sites. To account for the recalcitrance of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges during long-term biotreatment, this model comprises a kinetic equation for organic chemical intraparticle sequestration process. Model responses were verified by comparison to measurements of biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in land treatment units; a favorable match was found between them. Model simulations were performed to predict on-going biodegradation behavior of PAHs and PCBs in land treatment units. Simulation results indicate that complete biostabilization will be achieved when the concentration of reversibly sorbed chemical (S RA) reduces to undetectable levels, with a certain amount of irreversibly sequestrated residual chemical (S IA) remaining within the soil particle solid phase. The residual fraction (S IA) tends to lose its original chemical and biological activity, and hence, is much less available, toxic, and mobile than the \"free\" compounds. Therefore, little or no PAHs and PCBs will leach from the treatment site and constitutes no threat to human health or the environment. Biotreatment of PAHs and PCBs can be terminated accordingly. Results from the pilot-scale testing data and model calculations also suggest that a significant fraction (10-30%) of high-molecular-weight PAHs and PCBs could be sequestrated and become unavailable for biodegradation. Bioavailability (large K d , i.e., slow desorption rate) is the key factor limiting the PAHs degradation. However, both bioavailability and bioactivity (K in Monod kinetics, i.e., number of microbes, nutrients, and electron acceptor, etc.) regulate PCBs biodegradation. The sequential active-passive biotreatment can be a cost-effective approach for remediation of highly hydrophobic organic contaminants. The mathematical model proposed here would be useful in the design and operation of such organic chemical biodegradation processes on remediation sites. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Liu, L., Tindall, J., and Friedel, M., 2007, Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 181, no. 1-4, p. 281-296, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3.","startPage":"281","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212727,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3"},{"id":240259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"181","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f146e4b0c8380cd4ab4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, L.","contributorId":18481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tindall, J.A.","contributorId":25711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedel, M.J.","contributorId":90823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030065,"text":"70030065 - 2007 - Sea level fluctuations in central California at subtidal to decadal and longer time scales with implications for San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T12:16:40.648602","indexId":"70030065","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea level fluctuations in central California at subtidal to decadal and longer time scales with implications for San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id19\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id20\"><p>Sea level elevations from near the mouth of San Francisco Bay are used to describe the low-frequency variability of forcing of the coastal ocean on the Bay at a variety of temporal scales. About 90% of subtidal fluctuations in sea level in San Francisco Bay are driven by the sea level variations in the coastal ocean that propagate into the Bay at the estuary mouth. We use the 100-year sea level record available at San Francisco to document a 1.9&nbsp;mm/yr mean sea level rise, and to determine fluctuations related to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other climatic events. At time scales greater than 1 year, ENSO dominates the sea level signal and can result in fluctuations in sea level of 10–15&nbsp;cm. Alongshore wind stress data from central California are also analyzed to determine the impact of changes in coastal elevation at the mouth of San Francisco Bay within the synoptic wind band of 2–30 days. At least 40% of the subtidal fluctuations in sea level of the Bay are tied to the large-scale regional wind field affecting sea level variations in the coastal ocean, with little local, direct wind forcing of the Bay itself. The majority of the subtidal sea level fluctuations within the Bay that are not related to the coastal ocean sea level signal are forced by an east–west sea level gradient resulting from tidally induced variations in sea level at specific beat frequencies that are enhanced in the northern reach of the Bay. River discharge into the Bay through the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Delta also contributes to the east–west gradient, but to a lesser degree.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2007.02.009","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Ryan, H.F., and Noble, M., 2007, Sea level fluctuations in central California at subtidal to decadal and longer time scales with implications for San Francisco Bay, California: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 73, no. 3-4, p. 538-550, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.02.009.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"550","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240191,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.9769949901727,\n              38.3199725035395\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9769949901727,\n              37.31367754212043\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.59331131977186,\n              37.31367754212043\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.59331131977186,\n              38.3199725035395\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9769949901727,\n              38.3199725035395\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b87e8e4b08c986b316700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, H. F.","contributorId":18002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.A.","contributorId":93513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030061,"text":"70030061 - 2007 - A multiple-approach radiometric age estimate for the Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat eruptions, New Zealand, with implications for the MIS 4/3 boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T11:10:15.786658","indexId":"70030061","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multiple-approach radiometric age estimate for the Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat eruptions, New Zealand, with implications for the MIS 4/3 boundary","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><p>Pyroclastic fall deposits of the paired Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat eruptions from the Taupo Volcanic Zone (New Zealand) combine to form a widespread isochronous horizon over much of northern New Zealand and the southwest Pacific. This horizon is important for correlating climatic and environmental changes during the Last Glacial period, but has been the subject of numerous disparate age estimates between 35.1±2.8 and 71±6&nbsp;ka (all errors are 1&nbsp;s.d.), obtained by a variety of techniques. A potassium–argon (K–Ar) age of 64±4&nbsp;ka was previously determined on bracketing lavas at Mayor Island volcano, offshore from the Taupo Volcanic Zone. We present a new, more-precise<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age determination on a lava flow on Mayor Island, that shortly post-dates the Rotoiti/Earthquake Flat fall deposits, of 58.5±1.1&nbsp;ka. This value, coupled with existing ages from underlying lavas, yield a new estimate for the age of the combined eruptions of 61.0±1.4&nbsp;ka, which is consistent with U–Th disequilibrium model-age data for zircons from the Rotoiti deposits. Direct<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age determinations of plagioclase and biotite from the Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat eruption products yield variable values between 49.6±2.8 and 125.3±10.0&nbsp;ka, with the scatter attributed to low radiogenic Ar yields, and/or alteration, and/or inheritance of xenocrystic material with inherited Ar. Rotoiti/Earthquake Flat fall deposits occur in New Zealand in association with palynological indicators of mild climate, attributed to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and thus used to suggest an age that is post-59&nbsp;ka. The natures of the criteria used to define the MIS 4/3 boundary in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, however, imply that the new 61&nbsp;ka age for the Rotoiti/Earthquake Flat eruption deposits will provide the inverse, namely, a more accurate isochronous marker for correlating diverse changes across the MIS 4/3 boundary in the southwest Pacific.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elseiver","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.017","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Wilson, C.J., Rhoades, D., Lanphere, M.A., Calvert, A., Houghton, B.F., Weaver, S., and Cole, J.W., 2007, A multiple-approach radiometric age estimate for the Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat eruptions, New Zealand, with implications for the MIS 4/3 boundary: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 26, no. 13-14, p. 1861-1870, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.017.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1861","endPage":"1870","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240659,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[173.02037,-40.91905],[173.24723,-41.332],[173.95841,-40.9267],[174.24759,-41.34916],[174.24852,-41.77001],[173.87645,-42.23318],[173.22274,-42.97004],[172.71125,-43.37229],[173.08011,-43.85334],[172.30858,-43.86569],[171.45293,-44.24252],[171.18514,-44.8971],[170.6167,-45.90893],[169.83142,-46.35577],[169.33233,-46.64124],[168.41135,-46.61994],[167.76374,-46.2902],[166.67689,-46.21992],[166.50914,-45.8527],[167.04642,-45.11094],[168.30376,-44.12397],[168.94941,-43.93582],[169.66781,-43.55533],[170.52492,-43.03169],[171.12509,-42.51275],[171.56971,-41.76742],[171.94871,-41.51442],[172.09723,-40.9561],[172.79858,-40.49396],[173.02037,-40.91905]]],[[[174.61201,-36.1564],[175.33662,-37.2091],[175.3576,-36.52619],[175.80889,-36.79894],[175.95849,-37.55538],[176.7632,-37.88125],[177.43881,-37.96125],[178.01035,-37.57982],[178.51709,-37.69537],[178.27473,-38.58281],[177.97046,-39.16634],[177.20699,-39.14578],[176.93998,-39.44974],[177.03295,-39.87994],[176.88582,-40.06598],[176.50802,-40.60481],[176.01244,-41.28962],[175.23957,-41.68831],[175.0679,-41.42589],[174.65097,-41.28182],[175.22763,-40.45924],[174.90016,-39.90893],[173.82405,-39.50885],[173.85226,-39.1466],[174.5748,-38.79768],[174.74347,-38.02781],[174.69702,-37.38113],[174.29203,-36.71109],[174.319,-36.53482],[173.841,-36.12198],[173.05417,-35.23713],[172.63601,-34.52911],[173.00704,-34.45066],[173.5513,-35.00618],[174.32939,-35.2655],[174.61201,-36.1564]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"New Zealand\"}}]}","volume":"26","issue":"13-14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e48ee4b0c8380cd4670b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, C. J. N.","contributorId":22096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhoades, D.A.","contributorId":45121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhoades","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanphere, M. A.","contributorId":35298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calvert, A.T.","contributorId":49969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weaver, S.D.","contributorId":20914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cole, J. W.","contributorId":81315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030059,"text":"70030059 - 2007 - Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70030059","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars","docAbstract":"A circular albedo feature in the Arabia Terra province was first hypothesized as an ancient impact basin using Viking-era information. To test this unpublished hypothesis, we have analyzed the Viking era-information together with layers of new data derived from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and Mars Odyssey (MO) missions. Our analysis indicates that Arabia Terra is an ancient geologic province of Mars with many distinct characteristics, including predominantly Noachian materials, a unique part of the highland-lowland boundary, a prominent paleotectonic history, the largest region of fretted terrain on the planet, outflow channels with no obvious origins, extensive exposures of eroded layered sedimentary deposits, and notable structural, albedo, thermal inertia, gravity, magnetic, and elemental signatures. The province also is marked by special impact crater morphologies, which suggest a persistent volatile-rich substrate. No one characteristic provides definitive answers to the dominant event(s) that shaped this unique province. Collectively the characteristics reported here support the following hypothesized sequence of events in Arabia Terra: (1) an enormous basin, possibly of impact origin, formed early in martian history when the magnetic dynamo was active and the lithosphere was relatively thin, (2) sediments and other materials were deposited in the basin during high erosion rates while maintaining isostatic equilibrium, (3) sediments became water enriched during the Noachian Period, and (4) basin materials were uplifted in response to the growth of the Tharsis Bulge, resulting in differential erosion exposing ancient stratigraphic sequences. Parts of the ancient basin remain water-enriched to the present day. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Dohm, J.M., Barlow, N., Anderson, R.C., Williams, J., Miyamoto, H., Ferris, J., Strom, R., Taylor, G., Fairen, A., Baker, V., Boynton, W.V., Keller, J., Kerry, K., Janes, D., Rodriguez, J., and Hare, T., 2007, Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars: Icarus, v. 190, no. 1, p. 74-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006.","startPage":"74","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213048,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006"},{"id":240628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"190","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e10e4b0c8380cd7a305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dohm, J. M.","contributorId":102150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohm","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, N.G.","contributorId":107466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, R. C.","contributorId":9755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, J.-P.","contributorId":49185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miyamoto, H.","contributorId":56831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyamoto","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferris, J.C.","contributorId":13731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferris","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Strom, R.G.","contributorId":45744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, G.J.","contributorId":76927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fairen, A.G.","contributorId":25335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairen","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baker, V.R.","contributorId":47079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"V.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boynton, W. V.","contributorId":44274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boynton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Keller, J.M.","contributorId":87370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kerry, K.","contributorId":45905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerry","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Janes, D.","contributorId":89355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rodriguez, J.A.P.","contributorId":55948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70030054,"text":"70030054 - 2007 - Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T11:29:15.58499","indexId":"70030054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span>Using a digital video-based Argus Beach Monitoring System (ABMS) on the north shore of Kachemak Bay in south central Alaska, we document the timing and magnitude of alongshore migration of intertidal sand bed forms over a cobble substrate during a 22-month observation period. Two separate sediment packages (sand bodies) of 1–2 m amplitude and ∼200 m wavelength, consisting of well-sorted sand, were observed to travel along shore at annually averaged rates of 278 m/yr (0.76 m/d) and 250 m/yr (0.68 m/d), respectively. Strong seasonality in migration rates was shown by the contrast of rapid winter and slow summer transport. Though set in a megatidal environment, data indicate that sand body migration is driven by eastward propagating wind waves as opposed to net westward directed tidal currents. Greatest weekly averaged rates of movement, exceeding 6 m/d, coincided with wave heights exceeding 2 m suggesting a correlation of wave height and sand body migration. Because Kachemak Bay is partially enclosed, waves responsible for sediment entrainment and transport are locally generated by winds that blow across lower Cook Inlet from the southwest, the direction of greatest fetch. Our estimates of sand body migration translate to a littoral transport rate between 4,400–6,300 m<sup>3</sup>/yr. Assuming an enclosed littoral cell, minimal riverine sediment contributions, and a sea cliff sedimentary fraction of 0.05, we estimate long-term local sea cliff retreat rates of 9–14 cm/yr. Applying a numerical model of wave energy dissipation to the temporally variable beach morphology suggests that sand bodies are responsible for enhancing wave energy dissipation by ∼13% offering protection from sea cliff retreat.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000487","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Adams, P., Ruggiero, P., Schoch, G., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2007, Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. 2, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000487.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477151,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jf000487","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kachemak Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.23101933680425\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.67500723123885,\n              59.23101933680425\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.67500723123885,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db4e4b0c8380cd63788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, P.N.","contributorId":32721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, P.","contributorId":25995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoch, G.C.","contributorId":101879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoch","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030047,"text":"70030047 - 2007 - Thermal criteria for early life stage development of the winged mapleleaf mussel (Quadrilla fragosa)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030047","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal criteria for early life stage development of the winged mapleleaf mussel (Quadrilla fragosa)","docAbstract":"The winged mapleleaf mussel [Quadrula fragosa (Conrad)] is a Federal endangered species. Controlled propagation to aid in recovering this species has been delayed because host fishes for its parasitic glochidia (larvae) are unknown. This study identified blue catfish [Ictaluris furcatus (Lesueur)] and confirmed channel catfish [Ictaluris punctatus (Rafinesque)] as suitable hosts. The time required for glochidia to metamorphose and for peak juvenile excystment to begin was water temperature dependent and ranged from 28 to 37 d in a constant thermal regime (19 C); totaled 70 d in a varied thermal regime (12-19 C); and ranged 260 to 262 d in simulated natural thermal regimes (0-21 C). We developed a quantitative model that describes the thermal-temporal relation and used it to empirically estimate the species-specific low-temperature threshold for development of glochidia into juveniles on channel catfish (9.26 C) and the cumulative temperature units of development required to achieve peak excystment of juveniles from blue catfish (383 C???d) and channel catfish (395 C???d). Long-term tests simulated the development of glochidia into juveniles in natural thermal regimes and consistently affirmed the validity of these estimates, as well as provided evidence for a thermal cue (17-20 C) that presumably is needed to trigger peak juvenile excystment. These findings substantiate our model and provide an approach that could be used to determine corresponding thermal criteria for early life development of other mussel species. These data can be used to improve juvenile mussel production in propagation programs designed to help recover imperiled species and may also be useful in detecting temporal climatic changes within a watershed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2007)157[297:TCFELS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Steingraeber, M., Bartsch, M., Kalas, J., and Newton, T., 2007, Thermal criteria for early life stage development of the winged mapleleaf mussel (Quadrilla fragosa): American Midland Naturalist, v. 157, no. 2, p. 297-311, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2007)157[297:TCFELS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"297","endPage":"311","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212874,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2007)157[297:TCFELS]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":240433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb21ae4b08c986b3255d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steingraeber, M.T.","contributorId":106192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steingraeber","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartsch, M.R.","contributorId":42908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalas, J.E.","contributorId":49607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalas","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030044,"text":"70030044 - 2007 - Altered mangrove wetlands as habitat for estuarine nekton: are dredged channels and tidal creeks equivalent?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-02T09:19:53","indexId":"70030044","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Altered mangrove wetlands as habitat for estuarine nekton: are dredged channels and tidal creeks equivalent?","docAbstract":"<p>Hasty decisions are often made regarding the restoration of \"altered\" habitats, when in fact the ecological value of these habitats may be comparable to natural ones. To assess the \"value\" of altered mangrove-lined habitats for nekton, we sampled for 1 yr within three Tampa Bay wetlands. Species composition, abundance, and spatial distribution of nekton assemblages in permanent subtidal portions of natural tidal creeks and wetlands altered by construction of mosquito-control ditches and stormwater-drainage ditches were quantified through seasonal seine sampling. Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance and ordination of nekton community data suggested differences in species composition and abundance between natural and altered habitat, though not consistently among the three wetlands. In many cases, mosquito ditches were more similar in assemblage structure to tidal creeks than to stormwater ditches. In general, mosquito ditches and stormwater ditches were the most dissimilar in terms of nekton community structure. These dissimilarities were likely due to differences in design between the two types of ditches. Mosquito ditches tend to fill in over time and are thus more ephemeral features in the landscape. In contrast, stormwater ditches are a more permanent altered habitat that remain open due to periodic flushing from heavy runoff. Results indicate that environmental conditions (e.g., salinity, current velocity, vegetative structure) may provide a more useful indication of potential habitat \"value\" for nekton than whether the habitat has been altered. The type of ditching is therefore more important than ditching per se when judging the habitat quality of these altered channels for fishes, shrimps and crabs. Planning should entail careful consideration of environmental conditions rather than simply restoring for restoration's sake.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Miami","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Krebs, J.M., Brame, A.B., and McIvor, C.C., 2007, Altered mangrove wetlands as habitat for estuarine nekton: are dredged channels and tidal creeks equivalent?: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 80, no. 3, p. 839-861.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"839","endPage":"861","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293247,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2007/00000080/00000003/art00024"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.833333,27.5 ], [ -82.833333,28.0 ], [ -82.333333,28.0 ], [ -82.333333,27.5 ], [ -82.833333,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e97ae4b0c8380cd482e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krebs, Justin M.","contributorId":35546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krebs","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brame, Adam B.","contributorId":64029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brame","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIvor, Carole C.","contributorId":73254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"Carole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030037,"text":"70030037 - 2007 - The landsat image mosaic of the Antarctica Web Portal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T16:19:18","indexId":"70030037","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1368,"text":"Data Science Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The landsat image mosaic of the Antarctica Web Portal","docAbstract":"<p><span>People believe what they can see. The Poles exist as a frozen dream to most people. The International Polar Year wants to break the ice (so to speak), open up the Poles to the general public, support current polar research, and encourage new research projects.&nbsp;</span><br><span>The IPY officially begins in March, 2007. As part of this effort, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), with funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF), are developing three Landsat mosaics of Antarctica and an Antarctic Web Portal with a Community site and an online map viewer. When scientists are able to view the entire scope of polar research, they will be better able to collaborate and locate the resources they need. When the general public more readily sees what is happening in the polar environments, they will understand how changes to the polar areas affect everyone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ubiquity Press","doi":"10.2481/dsj.6.S333","issn":"16831470","usgsCitation":"Rusanowski, C., 2007, The landsat image mosaic of the Antarctica Web Portal: Data Science Journal, v. 6, no. S, p. S333-S352, https://doi.org/10.2481/dsj.6.S333.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"S333","endPage":"S352","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477287,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2481/dsj.6.s333","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212755,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2481/dsj.6.S333"}],"volume":"6","issue":"S","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad7be4b08c986b323c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rusanowski, C.J. 0000-0001-6215-4003","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-4003","contributorId":82131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusanowski","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030036,"text":"70030036 - 2007 - Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T16:26:00.965144","indexId":"70030036","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories","docAbstract":"<p>Piranhas and their relatives have proven to be a challenging group from a systematic perspective, with difficulties in identification of species, linking of juveniles to adults, diagnosis of genera, and recognition of higher-level clades. In this study we add new molecular data consisting of three mitochondrial regions for museum vouchered and photo-documented representatives of the Serrasalmidae. These are combined with existing serrasalmid sequences in GenBank to address species and higher-level questions within the piranhas using parsimony and Bayesian methods. We found robust support for the monophyly of <i>Serrasalmus manueli</i>, but not for <i>Serrasalmus gouldingi</i> when GenBank specimens identified as <i>S. gouldingi</i> were included in the analysis. \"<i>Serrasalmus gouldingi</i>\" sequences in GenBank may, however, be misidentified. Linking of juveniles to adults of the same species was greatly facilitated by the addition of sequence data. Based on our sampling and identifications, our data robustly reject the monophyly of the genera <i>Serrasalmus</i> and <i>Pristobrycon</i>. We found evidence for a well-supported clade comprised of <i>Serrasalmus</i>, <i>Pygocentrus</i>, and <i>Pristobrycon</i> (in part). This clade was robustly supported in separate and combined analyses of gene regions, and was also supported by a unique molecular character, the loss of a tandem repeat in the control region. Analysis of specimens and a literature review suggest this clade is also characterized by the presence of a pre-anal spine and ectopterygoid teeth. A persistent polytomy at the base of this clade was dated using an independent calibration as 1.8 million years old, corresponding to the beginning of the Pleistocene Epoch, and suggesting an origin for this clade more recent than dates cited in the recent literature. The sister group to this clade is also robustly supported, and consists of <i>Catoprion</i>, <i>Pygopristis</i>, and <i>Pristobrycon striolatus</i>. If the term piranha is to refer to a monophyletic clade, it should be restricted to <i>Serrasalmus</i>, <i>Pygocentrus</i>, and <i>Pristobrycon</i> (in part), or expanded to include these taxa plus <i>Pygopristis</i>, <i>Catoprion</i>, and <i>Pristobrycon striolatus</i>.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.1484.1.1","usgsCitation":"Freeman, B., Nico, L., Osentoski, M., Jelks, H., and Collins, T., 2007, Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories: Zootaxa, no. 1484, p. 1-38, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1484.1.1.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477153,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/5086480","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1484","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d15e4b0c8380cd70144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, B.","contributorId":88564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nico, L.G. 0000-0002-4488-7737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":83052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Osentoski, M.","contributorId":30045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osentoski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jelks, H.L. 0000-0002-0672-6297","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":12000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collins, T.M.","contributorId":20504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030035,"text":"70030035 - 2007 - A coupled remote sensing and simplified surface energy balance approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration from irrigated fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T14:17:08","indexId":"70030035","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A coupled remote sensing and simplified surface energy balance approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration from irrigated fields","docAbstract":"<p>Accurate crop performance monitoring and production estimation are critical for timely assessment of the food balance of several countries in the world. Since 2001, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) has been monitoring crop performance and relative production using satellite-derived data and simulation models in Africa, Central America, and Afghanistan where ground-based monitoring is limited because of a scarcity of weather stations. The commonly used crop monitoring models are based on a crop water-balance algorithm with inputs from satellite-derived rainfall estimates. These models are useful to monitor rainfed agriculture, but they are ineffective for irrigated areas. This study focused on Afghanistan, where over 80 percent of agricultural production comes from irrigated lands. We developed and implemented a Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model to monitor and assess the performance of irrigated agriculture in Afghanistan using a combination of 1-km thermal data and 250m Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, both from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. We estimated seasonal actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over a period of six years (2000-2005) for two major irrigated river basins in Afghanistan, the Kabul and the Helmand, by analyzing up to 19 cloud-free thermal and NDVI images from each year. These seasonal ETa estimates were used as relative indicators of year-to-year production magnitude differences. The temporal water-use pattern of the two irrigated basins was indicative of the cropping patterns specific to each region. Our results were comparable to field reports and to estimates based on watershed-wide crop water-balance model results. For example, both methods found that the 2003 seasonal ETa was the highest of all six years. The method also captured water management scenarios where a unique year-to-year variability was identified in addition to water-use differences between upstream and downstream basins. A major advantage of the energy-balance approach is that it can be used to quantify spatial extent of irrigated fields and their water-use dynamics without reference to source of water as opposed to a water-balance model which requires knowledge of both the magnitude and temporal distribution of rainfall and irrigation applied to fields. ?? 2007 by MDPI.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/s7060979","issn":"14243210","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., Budde, M., Verdin, J., and Melesse, A.M., 2007, A coupled remote sensing and simplified surface energy balance approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration from irrigated fields: Sensors, v. 7, no. 6, p. 979-1000, https://doi.org/10.3390/s7060979.","startPage":"979","endPage":"1000","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s7060979","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e39ee4b0c8380cd46129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, G.B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":17741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budde, Michael 0000-0002-9098-2751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751","contributorId":43572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budde","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, J. P. 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":33033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melesse, Assefa M.","contributorId":45044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melesse","given":"Assefa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7003,"text":"Deprtment of Earth & Environmental ECS 339, Florida Interational University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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