No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Water Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","usgsCitation":"Phillips, S.P., and Galloway, D.L., 2008, Groundwater: Pumping and land subsidence, chap. of Encyclopedia of Water Science, p. 466-470.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"466","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":379665,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://app.knovel.com/web/toc.v/cid:kpEWSVE007"}],"edition":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Trimble, S.W.","contributorId":55492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trimble","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770428,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, B.A.","contributorId":207054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[{"id":37441,"text":"Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, 6370 Martin Way E., Olympia, WA 98670","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770429,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howell, T.A.","contributorId":199092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howell","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770430,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galloway, Devin L. 0000-0003-0904-5355 dlgallow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"dlgallow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86147,"text":"mineral2008 - 2008 - Mineral Commodity Summaries 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-04T10:57:50","indexId":"mineral2008","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":323,"text":"Mineral Commodity Summaries","code":"MCS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008","title":"Mineral Commodity Summaries 2008","docAbstract":"Each chapter of the 2008 edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and resources. The MCS is the earliest comprehensive source of 2007 mineral production data for the world. More than 90 individual minerals and materials are covered by two-page synopses.\n\nNational reserves and reserve base information for most mineral commodities found in this report, including those for the United States, are derived from a variety of sources. The ideal source of such information would be comprehensive evaluations that apply the same criteria to deposits in different geographic areas and report the results by country. In the absence of such evaluations, national reserves and reserve base estimates compiled by countries for selected mineral commodities are a primary source of national reserves and reserve base information. Lacking national assessment information by governments, sources such as academic articles, company reports, common business practice, presentations by company representatives, and trade journal articles, or a combination of these, serve as the basis for national reserves and reserve base information reported in the mineral commodity sections of this publication.\n\nA national estimate may be assembled from the following: historically reported reserves and reserve base information carried for years without alteration because no new information is available; historically reported reserves and reserve base reduced by the amount of historical production; and company reported reserves. International minerals availability studies conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, before 1996, and estimates of identified resources by an international collaborative effort (the International Strategic Minerals Inventory) are the basis for some reserves and reserve base estimates.\n\nThe USGS collects information about the quantity and quality of mineral resources but does not directly measure reserves, and companies or governments do not directly report reserves or reserve base to the USGS.\n\nReassessment of reserves and reserve base is a continuing process and the intensity of this process differs for mineral commodities, countries, and time period.\n\nAbbreviations and units of measure, and definitions of selected terms used in the report, are in Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively. A resource/reserve classification for minerals, based on USGS Circular 831 (published with the U.S. Bureau of Mines) is Appendix C, and a directory of USGS minerals information country specialists and their responsibilities is Appendix D.\n\nThe USGS continually strives to improve the value of its publications to users. Constructive comments and suggestions by readers of the MCS 2008 are welcomed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mineral2008","isbn":"9781411320765","usgsCitation":"Mineral Commodity Summaries 2008; 2008; MINERAL; 2008; U.S. Geological Survey","productDescription":"202 p; 4 Appendixes (6 p.); Individual Commodity Data Sheets; Available Online, Printed, and on CD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mineral_2008.jpg"},{"id":11712,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635765","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70212973,"text":"70212973 - 2008 - Anoxic mineralization: Environmental reality or experimental artifact?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T15:29:12.359728","indexId":"70212973","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-02T10:25:42","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1866,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anoxic mineralization: Environmental reality or experimental artifact?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wily","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2007.00186.x","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., and Loffler, F., 2008, Anoxic mineralization: Environmental reality or experimental artifact?: Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, v. 28, no. 1, p. 47-49, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2007.00186.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"49","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loffler, F.E.","contributorId":105882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loffler","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70212969,"text":"70212969 - 2008 - Mortality of ducklings of the black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) during their premier swim in a hypersaline lake in south Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T14:52:41.030314","indexId":"70212969","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-02T09:50:07","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5991,"text":"The Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mortality of ducklings of the black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) during their premier swim in a Hypersaline Lake in south Texas","title":"Mortality of ducklings of the black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) during their premier swim in a hypersaline lake in south Texas","docAbstract":"Adult black-bellied whistling ducks (Dendrocygna autumnalis) were observed leaving islands with recently hatched young in a South Texas hypersaline lake during summer 2003. We counted 216 ducklings from 20 broods attempting to make their first swim to the mainland, presumably heading for suitable rearing habitat. Of these, 144 (67%) either died in the water or on the salt-encrusted shoreline within minutes to a few hours of first entering the water. An additional 35 carcasses from unobserved broods were found. Nine carcasses of ducklings were necropsied and they had levels of sodium in the brain above the lethal threshold concentration for sodium poisoning. From our surveillance efforts, we documented a decrease in maximum number of adult black-bellied whistling ducks observed on the islands from 489 in 2002 to 138 in 2003.
Like other great desert rivers, the Colorado River in the United States and Mexico is highly regulated to provide water for human use. No water is officially allotted to support the natural ecosystems in the delta of the river in Mexico. However, precipitation is inherently variable in this watershed, and from 1981–2004, 15% of the mean annual flow of the Lower Colorado River has entered the riparian corridor below the last diversion point for water in Mexico. These flows include flood releases from US dams and much smaller administrative spills released back to the river from irrigators in the US and Mexico. These flows have germinated new cohorts of native cottonwood and willow trees and have established an active aquatic ecosystem in the riparian corridor in Mexico. We used ground and remote-sensing methods to determine the composition and fractional cover of the vegetation in the riparian corridor, its annual water consumption, and the sources of water that support the ecosystem. The study covered the period 2000–2004, a flood year followed by 4 dry years. The riparian corridor occupies 30,000 ha between flood control levees in Mexico. Annual evapotranspiration (ET), estimated by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) satellite imagery calibrated against moisture flux tower data, was about 1.1 m yr−1 and was fairly constant throughout the study period despite a paucity of surface flows 2001–2004. Total ET averaged 3.4×108 m3 yr−1, about 15% of Colorado River water entering Mexico from the US Surface flows could have played only a small part in supporting these high ET losses. We conclude that the riparian ET is supported mainly by the shallow regional aquifer, derived from agricultural return flows, that approaches the surface in the riparian zone. Nevertheless, surface flows are important in germinating cohorts of native trees, in washing salts from the soil and aquifer, and in providing aquatic habitat, thereby enriching the habitat value of the riparian corridor for birds and other wildlife. Conservation and water management strategies to enhance the delta habitats are discussed in light of the findings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.04.010","issn":"03014797","usgsCitation":"Nagler, P.L., Glenn, E., Hinojosa-Huerta, O., Zamora, F., and Howard, K.A., 2008, Riparian vegetation dynamics and evapotranspiration in the riparian corridor in the delta of the Colorado River, Mexico: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 88, no. 4, p. 864-874, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.04.010.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"864","endPage":"874","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203726,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":56542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward P.","affiliations":[{"id":13060,"text":"Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":344992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinojosa-Huerta, Osvel","contributorId":167198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinojosa-Huerta","given":"Osvel","affiliations":[{"id":24640,"text":"Pronatura Noroeste","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":344996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zamora, Francisco","contributorId":80396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199774,"text":"70199774 - 2008 - Primary production and carrying capacity of former salt ponds after reconnection to San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T10:58:24","indexId":"70199774","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-01T15:01:42","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Primary production and carrying capacity of former salt ponds after reconnection to San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Over 6,110 ha of the commercial production salt ponds surrounding South San Francisco Bay, CA, have been decommissioned and reconnected to the bay, most as part of the largest wetlands restoration program in the western United States. These open water ponds are critical habitat for millions of birds annually and restoration program managers must determine the appropriate balance between retention of ponds versus re-conversion to tidal salt marsh, knowing that both are essential ecosystems for endangered bird species. Our study describes the ecological value of the new open water pond ecosystems as feeding habitats for birds. We used the oxygen rate of change method to determine ecosystem metabolic parameters from high resolution time-series of dissolved oxygen concentration. Areal gross primary production (8.17 g O2 m−2 d−1) was roughly double the world’s most productive estuaries. High rates of phytoplankton photosynthesis were balanced by equally high rates of community respiration (8.25 g O2m−2 d−1). Metabolic equilibrium was delicately poised: sharp irradiance and temperature shifts triggered short term photosynthesis reduction resulting in oxygen depletion. We converted net primary production (NPP) into potential carrying capacity of the forage biota that support targeted pond waterbirds. NPP was processed through both a pelagic food web, resulting in forage biota for piscivorous birds and a benthic food web, resulting in forage biota for shorebirds and diving benthivores. Both food webs included efficient algal-based and inefficient detrital trophic pathways. The result of all primary production being routed through simple food webs was high potential forage production and energy supply to waterbirds, equivalent to 11–163 million planktivorous fish or 19–78 billion small estuarine clams within the 330-ha pond between May and October. Food quantity does not necessarily equal quality and these systems have the potential to produce toxic or inedible algae. Our study provides the first measurement of primary production in the open water ponds of San Francisco Bay and presents a novel approach for transforming primary production into forage production as a metric of an ecosystem’s energetic carrying capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/07-190.1","usgsCitation":"Thebault, J., Schraga, T., Cloern, J.E., and Dunlavey, E.G., 2008, Primary production and carrying capacity of former salt ponds after reconnection to San Francisco Bay: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 3, p. 841-851, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-190.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"841","endPage":"851","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-00449352","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d26be4b034bf6a7f9729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thebault, Julien","contributorId":208279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thebault","given":"Julien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schraga, Tara 0000-0002-2108-5846 tschraga@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-5846","contributorId":1118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"Tara","email":"tschraga@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunlavey, Eric G.","contributorId":208260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunlavey","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159416,"text":"70159416 - 2008 - Mercury bioaccumulation and effects on birds in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T15:12:47","indexId":"70159416","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-01T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"title":"Mercury bioaccumulation and effects on birds in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Growing season CH4 fluxes were monitored over a two year period following the start of ecosystem-scale manipulations of water table position and surface soil temperatures in a moderate rich fen in interior Alaska. The largest CH4 fluxes occurred in plots that received both flooding (raised water table position) and soil warming, while the lowest fluxes occurred in unwarmed plots in the lowered water table treatment. A combination of treatment and soil hydroclimate variables explained more than 70% of the variation in ln-transformed CH4 fluxes, with mean daily water table position representing the strongest predictor. We used quantitative PCR of the α-subunit of mcr operon to explore the influence of soil climate manipulations on methanogen abundances. Methanogen abundances were greatest in warmed plots, and showed a positive relationship with mean daily CH4 fluxes. Our results show that water table manipulations that led to soil inundation (flooding) had a stronger effect on CH4 fluxes than water table drawdown. Seasonal CH4 fluxes increased by 80–300% under the combined wetter and warmer soil climate treatments. Thus, while warming is expected to increase CH4 emissions from Alaskan wetlands, higher water table positions caused by increases in precipitation or disturbances such as permafrost thaw that lead to thermokarst and flooding in wetlands will stimulate CH4 emissions beyond the effects of soil warming alone. Consequently, we argue that modeling the effects of climate change on Alaskan wetland CH4 emissions needs to consider the interactive effects of soil warming and water table position on CH4 production and transport.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007JG000496","usgsCitation":"Turetsky, M.R., Treat, C., Waldrop, M., Waddington, J., Harden, J.W., and McGuire, A.D., 2008, Short-term response of methane fluxes and methanogen activity to water table and soil warming manipulations in an Alaskan peatland: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, v. 113, no. G3, G00A10, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000496.","productDescription":"G00A10, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jg000496","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147.95,\n 64.9\n ],\n [\n -147.75,\n 64.9\n ],\n [\n -147.75,\n 64.76\n ],\n [\n -147.95,\n 64.76\n ],\n [\n -147.95,\n 64.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"G3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turetsky, M. R.","contributorId":216779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Treat, C. C.","contributorId":257236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treat","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[{"id":51984,"text":"University of Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waddington, J. M.","contributorId":105938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waddington","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":851100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":86137,"text":"ds357 - 2008 - Bathymetric Surveys of Lake Arthur and Raccoon Lake, Pennsylvania, June 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T11:14:57","indexId":"ds357","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"357","title":"Bathymetric Surveys of Lake Arthur and Raccoon Lake, Pennsylvania, June 2007","docAbstract":"In spring of 2007, bathymetric surveys of two Pennsylvania State Park lakes were performed to collect accurate data sets of lake-bed elevations and to develop methods and techniques to conduct similar surveys across the state. The lake-bed elevations and associated geographical position data can be merged with land-surface elevations acquired through Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) techniques. Lake Arthur in Butler County and Raccoon Lake in Beaver County were selected for this initial data-collection activity. In order to establish accurate water-surface elevations during the surveys, benchmarks referenced to NAVD 88 were established on land at each lake by use of differential global positioning system (DGPS) surveys. Bathymetric data were collected using a single beam, 210 kilohertz (kHz) echo sounder and were coupled with the DGPS position data utilizing a computer software package. Transects of depth data were acquired at predetermined intervals on each lake, and the shoreline was delineated using a laser range finder and compass module. Final X, Y, Z coordinates of the geographic positions and lake-bed elevations were referenced to NAD 83 and NAVD 88 and are available to create bathymetric maps of the lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds357","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Hittle, C.D., and Ruby, A.T., 2008, Bathymetric Surveys of Lake Arthur and Raccoon Lake, Pennsylvania, June 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 357, Report: iv, 10 p.; Appendix (ZIP File), https://doi.org/10.3133/ds357.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; Appendix (ZIP File)","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-06-01","temporalEnd":"2007-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11704,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.58333333333333,40.333333333333336 ], [ -80.58333333333333,41 ], [ -79.58333333333333,41 ], [ -79.58333333333333,40.333333333333336 ], [ -80.58333333333333,40.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640aa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hittle, Clinton D. cdhittle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hittle","given":"Clinton","email":"cdhittle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruby, A. Thomas III","contributorId":48270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruby","given":"A.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86133,"text":"sir20085112 - 2008 - Precipitation-Frequency and Discharge-Frequency Relations for Basins Less than 32 Square Miles in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:26","indexId":"sir20085112","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5112","title":"Precipitation-Frequency and Discharge-Frequency Relations for Basins Less than 32 Square Miles in Kansas","docAbstract":"Precipitation-frequency and discharge-frequency relations for small drainage basins with areas less than 32 square miles in Kansas were evaluated to reduce the uncertainty of discharge-frequency estimates. Gaged-discharge records were used to develop discharge-frequency equations for the ratio of discharge to drainage area (Q/A) values using data from basins with variable soil permeability, channel slope, and mean annual precipitation. Soil permeability and mean annual precipitation are the dominant basin characteristics in the multiple linear regression analyses.\r\n\r\nIn addition, 28 discharge measurements at ungaged sites by indirect surveying methods and by velocity meters also were used in this analysis to relate precipitation-recurrence interval to discharge-recurrence interval. Precipitation-recurrence interval for each of these discharge measurements were estimated from weather-radar estimates of precipitation and from nearby raingages. Time of concentration for each basin for each of the ungaged sites was computed and used to determine the precipitation-recurrence interval based on precipitation depth and duration. The ratio of discharge/drainage area (Q/A) value for each event was then assigned to that precipitation-recurrence interval. \r\n\r\nThe relation between the ratio of discharge/drainage area (Q/A) and precipitation-recurrence interval for all 28 measured events resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.79. Using basins less than 5.4 mi2 only, the correlation decreases to 0.74. However, when basins greater than 5.4 and less than 32 mi2 are examined the relation improves to a correlation coefficient of 0.95.\r\n\r\nThere were a sufficient number of discharge and radar-measured precipitation events for both the 5-year (8 events) and the 100-year (11 events) recurrence intervals to examine the effect of basin characteristics on the Q/A values for basins less than 32 mi2. At the 5-year precipitation-/discharge-recurrence interval, channel slope was a significant predictor (r=0.99) of Q/A. Permeability (r=0.68) also had a significant effect on Q/A values for the 5-year recurrence interval. At the 100-year recurrence interval, permeability, channel slope, and mean annual precipitation did not have a significant effect on Q/A; however, time of concentration was a significant factor in determining Q/A for the 100-year events with greater times of concentration resulting in lower Q/A values. Additional high-recurrence interval (5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year) precipitation/discharge data are needed to confirm these relations suggested above. Discharge data with attendant basin-wide precipitation data from precipitation-radar estimates provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of basin characteristics on the relation between precipitation recurrence interval and discharge-recurrence interval.\r\n\r\nDischarge-frequency values from the Q/A equations, the rational method, and the Kansas discharge-frequency equations (KFFE) were compared to 28 measured weather-radar precipitation-/discharge-frequency values. The association between precipitation frequency from weather-radar estimates and the frequency of the resulting discharge was shown in these comparisons. The measured and Q/A equation computed discharges displayed the best equality from low to high discharges of the three methods. Here the slope of the line was nearly 1:1 (y=0.9844x0.9677). Comparisons with the rational method produced a slope greater than 1:1 (y=0.0722x1.235), and the KFFE equations produced a slope less than 1:1 (y=5.9103x0.7475). The Q/A equation standard error of prediction averaged 0.1346 log units for the 5.4-to 32-square-mile group and 0.0944 log units for the less than 5.4-square mile group. The KFFE standard error averaged 0.2107 log units for the less-than-30-square-mile equations. Using the Q/A equations for determining discharge frequency values for ungaged sites thus appears to be a good alternative to the other two methods because of this s","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Perry, C.A., 2008, Precipitation-Frequency and Discharge-Frequency Relations for Basins Less than 32 Square Miles in Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5112, vi, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085112.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11700,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5112/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.08333333333333,37 ], [ -102.08333333333333,40 ], [ -94.58333333333333,40 ], [ -94.58333333333333,37 ], [ -102.08333333333333,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b08e4b07f02db69bae3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Charles A. cperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":2093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Charles","email":"cperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":86122,"text":"sir20085110 - 2008 - Assessment of nonpoint source chemical loading potential to watersheds containing uranium waste dumps associated with uranium exploration and mining, San Rafael Swell, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T11:57:32","indexId":"sir20085110","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5110","title":"Assessment of nonpoint source chemical loading potential to watersheds containing uranium waste dumps associated with uranium exploration and mining, San Rafael Swell, Utah","docAbstract":"During July and August of 2006, 117 solid-phase samples were collected from abandoned uranium waste dumps, geologic background sites, and adjacent streambeds in the San Rafael Swell, in southeastern Utah. The objective of this sampling program was to assess the nonpoint source chemical loading potential to ephemeral and perennial watersheds from uranium waste dumps on Bureau of Land Management property. Uranium waste dump samples were collected using solid-phase sampling protocols. After collection, solid-phase samples were homogenized and extracted in the laboratory using a field leaching procedure. Filtered (0.45 micron) water samples were obtained from the field leaching procedure and were analyzed for Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, U, V, and Zn at the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Metals Analysis Laboratory at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah and for Hg at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colorado.\r\nFor the initial ranking of chemical loading potential of suspect uranium waste dumps, leachate analyses were compared with existing aquatic life and drinking-water-quality standards and the ratio of samples that exceeded standards to the total number of samples was determined for each element having a water-quality standard for aquatic life and drinking-water.\r\nApproximately 56 percent (48/85) of the leachate samples extracted from uranium waste dumps had one or more chemical constituents that exceeded aquatic life and drinking-water-quality standards. Most of the uranium waste dump sites with elevated trace-element concentrations in leachates were along Reds Canyon Road between Tomsich Butte and Family Butte. Twelve of the uranium waste dump sites with elevated trace-element concentrations in leachates contained three or more constituents that exceeded drinking-water-quality standards. Eighteen of the uranium waste dump sites had three or more constituents that exceeded trace-element concentrations for aquatic life water-quality standards. The proximity of the uranium waste dumps in the Tomsich Butte area near Muddy Creek, coupled with the elevated concentration of trace elements, increases the offsite impact potential to water resources. Future assessment and remediation priority of these areas may be done by using GIS-based risk-mapping techniques, such as Sensitive Catchment Integrated Mapping and Analysis Project.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.L., Naftz, D.L., Snyder, T., and Johnson, G., 2008, Assessment of nonpoint source chemical loading potential to watersheds containing uranium waste dumps associated with uranium exploration and mining, San Rafael Swell, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5110, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085110.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","temporalStart":"2006-07-01","temporalEnd":"2006-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5110.jpg"},{"id":11689,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"San Rafael Swell","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.16666666666667,38.5 ], [ -111.16666666666667,39.166666666666664 ], [ -110.33333333333333,39.166666666666664 ], [ -110.33333333333333,38.5 ], [ -111.16666666666667,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672901","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Michael L. mfreeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Michael","email":"mfreeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snyder, Terry","contributorId":30708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Greg","contributorId":50240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":86123,"text":"fs20083046 - 2008 - Detecting Evidence of Climate Change in the Forests of the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"fs20083046","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3046","title":"Detecting Evidence of Climate Change in the Forests of the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"Changes in land use or disturbances such as defoliation by insects, disease, or fire all affect the composition and amount of tree canopy in a forest. These changes are easy to detect. Noticing and understanding the complex ways that global or regional-scale climate change combines with these disturbances to affect forest growth patterns and succession is difficult. This is particularly true for regions where changes in climate are not the most extreme, such as the mid-latitude forests of the Eastern United States. If land and water resources are to be managed responsibly, it is important to know how well the impacts of climate change on these forests can be measured in order to provide the best information possible to respond to any future changes. The goal of this study is to test whether climate-induced changes in forests in the Eastern United States can be detected and characterized using satellite imagery.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20083046","usgsCitation":"Jones, J., and Osborne, J.D., 2008, Detecting Evidence of Climate Change in the Forests of the Eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3046, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083046.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3046.jpg"},{"id":11690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79,38 ], [ -79,39 ], [ -78,39 ], [ -78,38 ], [ -79,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667d17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osborne, Jesse D.","contributorId":90264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osborne","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86126,"text":"ofr20081120 - 2008 - User's Manual for the Object User Interface (OUI): An Environmental Resource Modeling Framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:26","indexId":"ofr20081120","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1120","title":"User's Manual for the Object User Interface (OUI): An Environmental Resource Modeling Framework","docAbstract":"The Object User Interface is a computer application that provides a framework for coupling environmental-resource models and for managing associated temporal and spatial data. The Object User Interface is designed to be easily extensible to incorporate models and data interfaces defined by the user. Additionally, the Object User Interface is highly configurable through the use of a user-modifiable, text-based control file that is written in the eXtensible Markup Language. The Object User Interface user's manual provides (1) installation instructions, (2) an overview of the graphical user interface, (3) a description of the software tools, (4) a project example, and (5) specifications for user configuration and extension.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081120","usgsCitation":"Markstrom, S., and Koczot, K.M., 2008, User's Manual for the Object User Interface (OUI): An Environmental Resource Modeling Framework (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1120, vi, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081120.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11693,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1120/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604012","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":296892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koczot, Kathryn M. 0000-0001-5728-9798 kmkoczot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-9798","contributorId":2039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koczot","given":"Kathryn","email":"kmkoczot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86119,"text":"ofr20081229 - 2008 - Flood of May 6, 2007, Willow Creek, west-central Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T14:08:00","indexId":"ofr20081229","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1229","title":"Flood of May 6, 2007, Willow Creek, west-central Iowa","docAbstract":"Major flooding occurred May 6, 2007, in the Willow Creek drainage basin in Harrison County following severe thunderstorm activity over west-central Iowa. More than 7 inches of rain were recorded for the 72-hour period ending 7 a.m., May 6, at the Logan, Iowa weather station. The peak discharge in Willow Creek at Medford Avenue near Missouri Valley, Iowa, was 17,000 cubic feet per second. The recurrence interval of the flood is 160 years, which was estimated using regional regression equations. Information about the basin, the storms, the flooding, and a profile of high-water marks measured at 10 locations along Willow Creek between the mouth at the Boyer River and State Highway 37 in Monona County, a distance of almost 33 river miles, are presented in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081229","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Transportation and Iowa Highway Research Board (Project HR-140)","usgsCitation":"Fischer, E.E., and Eash, D.A., 2008, Flood of May 6, 2007, Willow Creek, west-central Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1229, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081229.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-05-06","temporalEnd":"2007-05-06","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11685,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1229/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Willow Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.77194213867188,\n 41.97684819454686\n ],\n [\n -95.80352783203125,\n 41.96153247330561\n ],\n [\n -95.80764770507812,\n 41.939062754848564\n ],\n [\n -95.88043212890625,\n 41.900232768420246\n ],\n [\n -95.91751098632812,\n 41.843989628462204\n ],\n [\n -95.94223022460938,\n 41.794864268833145\n ],\n [\n -95.98342895507812,\n 41.747750439738155\n ],\n [\n -96.0369873046875,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -96.03973388671875,\n 41.558949183362564\n ],\n [\n -95.9930419921875,\n 41.53325414281322\n ],\n [\n -96.01226806640625,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -96.01226806640625,\n 41.47874688867862\n ],\n [\n -95.95184326171875,\n 41.46022455330045\n ],\n [\n -95.877685546875,\n 41.47360232634395\n ],\n [\n -95.82550048828125,\n 41.579497863194455\n ],\n [\n -95.73486328124999,\n 41.68111756290652\n ],\n [\n -95.69641113281249,\n 41.72828028223453\n ],\n [\n -95.68954467773438,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -95.61676025390625,\n 41.85933357450054\n ],\n [\n -95.537109375,\n 41.92475971933975\n ],\n [\n -95.42037963867188,\n 41.97582726102573\n ],\n [\n -95.35995483398438,\n 42.0064481470799\n ],\n [\n -95.34622192382812,\n 42.105354851276\n ],\n [\n -95.39291381835938,\n 42.165439250064324\n ],\n [\n -95.52886962890625,\n 42.16645713841854\n ],\n [\n -95.69641113281249,\n 42.05031239367961\n ],\n [\n -95.73898315429688,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -95.77468872070312,\n 41.98807738309159\n ],\n [\n -95.77194213867188,\n 41.97684819454686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48dee4b07f02db54ac19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Edward E. edf@usgs.gov","contributorId":1063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Edward","email":"edf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86121,"text":"sir20085136 - 2008 - Determination of Organic and Inorganic Percentages and Mass of Suspended Material at Four Sites in the Illinois River in Northwestern Arkansas and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2005-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"sir20085136","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5136","title":"Determination of Organic and Inorganic Percentages and Mass of Suspended Material at Four Sites in the Illinois River in Northwestern Arkansas and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2005-07","docAbstract":"The Illinois River located in northwestern Arkansas and northeastern Oklahoma is influenced by point and nonpoint sources of nutrient enrichment. This has led to increased algal growth within the stream, reducing water clarity. Also, sediment runoff from fields, pastures, construction sites, and other disturbed areas, in addition to frequent streambank failure, has increased sedimentation within the stream and decreased water clarity. A study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to characterize the increased turbidity by determining the organic and inorganic composition and mass of suspended material in the Illinois River from August 2005 through July 2007. Water-quality samples were collected at four sites on the Illinois River (listed in downstream order): near Viney Grove, Arkansas; at Savoy, Arkansas; south of Siloam Springs, Arkansas; and near Tahlequah, Oklahoma.\r\nIn general, turbidity, total suspended solids, suspended-sediment concentration, organic material concentration (measured as volatile suspended solids and ash-free dry mass), and chlorophyll a concentration were the greatest in samples collected from the Illinois River at Savoy and the least in samples from the most upstream Illinois River site (near Viney Grove) and the most downstream site (near Tahlequah) from August 2005 through July 2007. For example, the suspended-sediment concentration at the Illinois River at Savoy had a median of 15 milligrams per liter, and the total suspended solids had a median of 12 milligrams per liter. The Illinois River near Tahlequah had the least suspended-sediment concentration with a median of 10 milligrams per liter and the least total suspended solids with a median of 6 milligrams per liter.\r\nThe turbidity, total suspended solids, suspended-sediment concentration, organic material concentration, and chlorophyll a concentration in samples collected during high-flow events were greater than in samples collected during base-flow conditions at the Illinois River at Savoy, south of Siloam Springs, and near Tahlequah. For example, the median turbidity for the Illinois River at Savoy was 3 nephelometric turbidity ratio units during base-flow conditions and 52 nephelometric turbidity ratio units during high-flow conditions.\r\nOrganic material in the Illinois River generally composed between 13 and 47 percent of the total suspended material in samples collected from August 2005 through July 2007. Therefore, most of the suspended material in samples collected from the sites was inorganic material. Overall, the highest percentage of organic material was found at the Illinois River near Viney Grove and at the Illinois River near Tahlequah. The Illinois River south of Siloam Springs had the lowest percentage of organic material among the four sites. In general, the percentage of organic material was greater in samples collected during base-flow conditions compared to samples collected during high-flow conditions.\r\nThe mean seasonal concentrations and percentages of organic material were the least in the fall (September through November) in samples collected from August 2005 to July 2007 from the four Illinois River sites, while the greatest concentrations and percentages of organic material occurred at various times of the year depending on the site. The greatest concentrations of organic material occurred in the summer (June through August) in samples from sites on the Illinois River near Viney Grove, at Savoy and south of Siloam Springs, but in the spring (March through May) in samples from the Illinois River near Tahlequah. The greatest percentages of organic material (least percentages of inorganic material) occurred in the summer in samples from the site near Viney Grove, the winter and summer at the site at Savoy, in the spring, fall, and winter (December through February) at the site south of Siloam Springs, an","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Galloway, J.M., 2008, Determination of Organic and Inorganic Percentages and Mass of Suspended Material at Four Sites in the Illinois River in Northwestern Arkansas and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2005-07 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5136, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085136.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-08-01","temporalEnd":"2007-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5136.jpg"},{"id":11687,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.16666666666667,35.75 ], [ -95.16666666666667,36.25 ], [ -94.08333333333333,36.25 ], [ -94.08333333333333,35.75 ], [ -95.16666666666667,35.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66797d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":86118,"text":"ds270 - 2008 - Digital atlas of the upper Washita River basin, southwestern Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T11:05:18","indexId":"ds270","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"270","title":"Digital atlas of the upper Washita River basin, southwestern Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Numerous types of environmental data have been collected in the upper Washita River basin in southwestern Oklahoma. However, to date these data have not been compiled into a format that can be comprehensively queried for the purpose of evaluating the effects of various conservation practices implemented to reduce agricultural runoff and erosion in parts of the upper Washita River basin. This U.S. Geological Survey publication, 'Digital atlas of the upper Washita River basin, southwestern Oklahoma' was created to assist with environmental analysis. This atlas contains 30 spatial data sets that can be used in environmental assessment and decision making for the upper Washita River basin.\r\n\r\nThis digital atlas includes U.S. Geological Survey sampling sites and associated water-quality, biological, water-level, and streamflow data collected from 1903 to 2005. The data were retrieved from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database on September 29, 2005. Data sets are from the Geology, Geography, and Water disciplines of the U.S. Geological Survey and cover parts of Beckham, Caddo, Canadian, Comanche, Custer, Dewey, Grady, Kiowa, and Washita Counties in southwestern Oklahoma. A bibliography of past reports from the U.S. Geological Survey and other State and Federal agencies from 1949 to 2004 is included in the atlas. Additionally, reports by Becker (2001), Martin (2002), Fairchild and others (2004), and Miller and Stanley (2005) are provided in electronic format.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds270","usgsCitation":"Becker, C., Masoner, J.R., and Scott, J.C., 2008, Digital atlas of the upper Washita River basin, southwestern Oklahoma (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 270, Available online and on DVD-ROMs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds270.","productDescription":"Available online and on DVD-ROMs","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds270.gif"},{"id":11683,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/270/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a832c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masoner, Jason R. 0000-0002-4829-6379 jmasoner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-6379","contributorId":3193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masoner","given":"Jason","email":"jmasoner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, Jonathon C. jcscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":5449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Jonathon","email":"jcscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":86113,"text":"ofr20081250 - 2008 - Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities in the USGS Ohio Water Science Center","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":25729,"text":"wri984057 - 1998 - Quality-Assurance/Quality-Control Manual for Collection and Analysis of Water-Quality Data in the Ohio District, US Geological Survey","indexId":"wri984057","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Quality-Assurance/Quality-Control Manual for Collection and Analysis of Water-Quality Data in the Ohio District, US Geological Survey"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":86113,"text":"ofr20081250 - 2008 - Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities in the USGS Ohio Water Science Center","indexId":"ofr20081250","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities in the USGS Ohio Water Science Center"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20081250","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1250","title":"Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities in the USGS Ohio Water Science Center","docAbstract":"In accordance with guidelines set forth by the Office of Water Quality in the Water Resources Discipline of the U.S. Geological Survey, a quality-assurance plan has been written for use by the Ohio Water Science Center in conducting water-quality activities. This quality-assurance plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the Ohio Water Science Center for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of water-quality data. The policies and procedures documented in this quality-assurance plan for water-quality activities are meant to complement the Ohio Water Science Center quality-assurance plans for water-quality monitors, the microbiology laboratory, and surface-water and ground-water activities.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081250","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., and Shaffer, K., 2008, Quality-Assurance Plan for Water-Quality Activities in the USGS Ohio Water Science Center (Supersedes WRI 98-4057): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1250, vi, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081250.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1250/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.75,38.5 ], [ -84.75,42 ], [ -80.75,42 ], [ -80.75,38.5 ], [ -84.75,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Supersedes WRI 98-4057","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ae4b07f02db6514b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, Kimberly H.","contributorId":98275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Kimberly H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86116,"text":"sir20085083 - 2008 - Evaluation of acoustic doppler velocity meters to quantify flow from Comal Springs and San Marcos Springs, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T13:09:06","indexId":"sir20085083","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5083","title":"Evaluation of acoustic doppler velocity meters to quantify flow from Comal Springs and San Marcos Springs, Texas","docAbstract":"Comal Springs and San Marcos Springs are the two largest springs in Texas, are major discharge points for the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer, and provide habitat for several Federally listed endangered species that depend on adequate springflows for survival. It is therefore imperative that the Edwards Aquifer Authority have accurate and timely springflow data to guide resource management. Discharge points for Comal Springs and San Marcos Springs are submerged in Landa Lake and in Spring Lake, respectively. Flows from the springs currently (2008) are estimated by the U.S Geological Survey in real time as surface-water discharge from conventional stage-discharge ratings at sites downstream from each spring. Recent technological advances and availability of acoustic Doppler velocity meters (ADVMs) now provide tools to collect data (stream velocity) related to springflow that could increase accuracy of real-time estimates of the springflows. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority, did a study during May 2006 through September 2007 to evaluate ADVMs to quantify flow from Comal and San Marcos Springs. The evaluation was based on two monitoring approaches: (1) placement of ADVMs in important spring orifices - spring run 3 and spring 7 at Comal Springs, and diversion spring at San Marcos Springs; and (2) placement of ADVMs at the nearest flowing streams - Comal River new and old channels for Comal Springs, Spring Lake west and east outflow channels and current (2008) San Marcos River streamflow-gaging site for San Marcos Springs. For Comal Springs, ADVM application at spring run 3 and spring 7 was intended to indicate whether the flows of spring run 3 and spring 7 can be related to total springflow. The findings indicate that velocity data from both discharge features, while reflecting changes in flow, do not reliably show a direct relation to measured streamflow and thus to total Comal Springs flow. ADVMs at the Comal River new channel and old channel sites provide data that potentially could yield more accurate real-time estimates of total Comal Springs flow than streamflow measured at the downstream Comal River site. For San Marcos Springs, the findings indicate shortcomings with ADVM installations at diversion spring and in the west and east outflow channels. However, the accuracy of streamflow measured at the San Marcos River gage as an estimate of real-time San Marcos Springs flow could potentially be increased through use of ADVM data from that site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085083","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority","usgsCitation":"Gary, M.O., Gary, R.H., and Asquith, W.H., 2008, Evaluation of acoustic doppler velocity meters to quantify flow from Comal Springs and San Marcos Springs, Texas (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5083, Report: vi, 37 p.; Appendix 1 Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085083.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 37 p.; Appendix 1 Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20085083.gif"},{"id":11680,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.5,28.75 ], [ -100.5,31 ], [ -97.5,31 ], [ -97.5,28.75 ], [ -100.5,28.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb014","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gary, Marcus O.","contributorId":68810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gary","given":"Marcus","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gary, Robin H.","contributorId":19246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gary","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":86112,"text":"sir20075115 - 2008 - Streamflow, water quality, and metal loads from chat leachate and mine outflow into Tar Creek, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T17:03:21","indexId":"sir20075115","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5115","displayTitle":"Streamflow, Water Quality, and Metal Loads from Chat Leachate and Mine Outflow into Tar Creek, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 2005","title":"Streamflow, water quality, and metal loads from chat leachate and mine outflow into Tar Creek, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 2005","docAbstract":"Picher mining district is an abandoned lead and zinc mining area located in Ottawa County, northeastern Oklahoma. During the first half of the 20th century, the area was a primary producer of lead and zinc in the United States. Large accumulations of mine tailings, locally referred to as chat, produce leachate containing cadmium, iron, lead, and zinc that enter drainages within the mining area. Metals also seep to local ground water and streams from unplugged shafts, vent holes, seeps, and abandoned mine dewatering wells. Streamflow measurements were made and water-quality samples were collected and analyzed from two locations in Picher mining district from August 16 to August 29 following a rain event beginning on August 14, 2005, to determine likely concentrations and loads of metals from tailings and mine outflows in the part of Picher mining district near Tar Creek.\r\n\r\nLocations selected for sampling included a tailings pile with an adjacent mill pond, referred to as the Western location, and a segment of Tar Creek from above the confluence with Lytle Creek to below Douthat bridge, referred to as Tar Creek Study Segment. Measured streamflow was less than 0.01 cubic foot per second at the Western location, with streamflow only being measurable at that site on August 16, 2005. Measured streamflows ranged from <0.01 to 2.62 cubic feet per second at Tar Creek Study Segment.\r\n\r\nOne water-quality sample was collected from runoff at the Western location. Total metals concentrations in that sample were 95.3 micrograms per liter cadmium, 182 micrograms per liter iron, 170 micrograms per liter lead, 1,760 micrograms per liter zinc. Total mean metals concentrations in 29 water-quality samples collected from Tar Creek Study Segment from August 16-29, 2005, were 21.8 micrograms per liter cadmium, 7,924 micrograms per liter iron, 7.68 micrograms per liter lead, and 14,548 micrograms per liter zinc. \r\n\r\nNo metals loading values were calculated for the Western location. Metals loading to Tar Creek Study Segment were calculated based on instantaneous streamflow and metals concentrations. Total metals loading to Tar Creek from chat leachate ranged from 0.062 to 0.212 pound per day of cadmium, <0.001 to 0.814 pound per day of iron, 0.003 to 0.036 pound per day of lead, and 10.6 to 47.9 pounds per day of zinc.\r\n\r\nMetals loading to Tar Creek Study Segment from chat leachate and mine outflow was determined by subtracting values at appropriate upstream and downstream stations. Four sources of calculated metal loads are from Tar Creek and Lytle Creek entering the study segment, from chat pile leachate, and from old Lytle Creek mine outflow. Less than 1 percent of total and dissolved iron loading came from chat leachate, while about 99 percent of total iron loading came from mine outflow. Total and dissolved lead loading percentages from chat leachate were greater than total and dissolved lead loading percentages from mine outflow. About 19 percent of total zinc loading came from chat leachate, about 29 percent of total zinc loading came from mine outflow, and about 52 percent of total zinc loading came from Lytle Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Cope, C.C., Becker, M.F., Andrews, W.J., and DeHay, K., 2008, Streamflow, water quality, and metal loads from chat leachate and mine outflow into Tar Creek, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5115, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075115.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","temporalStart":"2005-08-04","temporalEnd":"2005-08-29","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5115.jpg"},{"id":11675,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5115/pdf/sir2007-5115.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Ottawa County","otherGeospatial":"Tar Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.95,36.833333333333336 ], [ -94.95,37.06666666666667 ], [ -94.73333333333333,37.06666666666667 ], [ -94.73333333333333,36.833333333333336 ], [ -94.95,36.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4cf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cope, Caleb C.","contributorId":81590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"Caleb","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Mark F.","contributorId":40180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, William J. 0000-0003-4780-8835 wandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-8835","contributorId":328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"wandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeHay, Kelli","contributorId":14064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeHay","given":"Kelli","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":86111,"text":"fs20083063 - 2008 - Distribution of Elevated Nitrate Concentrations in Ground Water in Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"fs20083063","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3063","title":"Distribution of Elevated Nitrate Concentrations in Ground Water in Washington State","docAbstract":"More than 60 percent of the population of Washington State uses ground water for their drinking and cooking needs. Nitrate concentrations in ground water are elevated in parts of the State as a result of various land-use practices, including fertilizer application, dairy operations and ranching, and septic-system use. Shallow wells generally are more vulnerable to nitrate contamination than deeper wells (Williamson and others, 1998; Ebbert and others, 2000).\r\n\r\nIn order to protect public health, the Washington State Department of Health requires that public water systems regularly measure nitrate in their wells. Public water systems serving more than 25 people collect water samples at least annually; systems serving from 2 to 14 people collect water samples at least every 3 years. Private well owners serving one residence may be required to sample when the well is first drilled, but are unregulated after that. As a result, limited information is available to citizens and public health officials about potential exposure to elevated nitrate concentrations for people whose primary drinking-water sources are private wells. The U.S. Geological Survey and Washington State Department of Health collaborated to examine water-quality data from public water systems and develop models that calculate the probability of detecting elevated nitrate concentrations in ground water. Maps were then developed to estimate ground water vulnerability to nitrate in areas where limited data are available.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20083063","usgsCitation":"Frans, L., 2008, Distribution of Elevated Nitrate Concentrations in Ground Water in Washington State: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3063, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083063.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3063.jpg"},{"id":11674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3063/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.75,45.5 ], [ -124.75,49 ], [ -116.91666666666667,49 ], [ -116.91666666666667,45.5 ], [ -124.75,45.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frans, Lonna","contributorId":79577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"Lonna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":86107,"text":"ds354 - 2008 - Algal and water-quality data for Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake near Rapid City, South Dakota, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T12:27:06","indexId":"ds354","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"354","title":"Algal and water-quality data for Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake near Rapid City, South Dakota, 2007","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the results of algae and water-quality sampling on Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake during May and September 2007. The overall purpose of the study was to determine the algal community composition of Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake in relation to organisms that are known producers of unwanted tastes and odors in drinking-water supplies. Algal assemblage structure (phytoplankton and periphyton) was examined at 16 sites on Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake during May and September 2007, and actinomycetes bacteria were sampled at the Rapid City water treatment plant intake in May 2007, to determine if taste-and-odor producing organisms were present. During the May 2007 sampling, 3 Rapid Creek sites and 4 Canyon Lake sites were quantitatively sampled for phytoplankton in the water column, 7 Rapid Creek sites were quantitatively sampled for attached periphyton, and 4 lake and retention pond sites were qualitatively sampled for periphyton. Five Rapid Creek sites were sampled for geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, two common taste-and-odor causing compounds known to affect water supplies. During the September 2007 sampling, 4 Rapid Creek sites were quantitatively sampled for attached periphyton, and 3 Canyon Lake sites were qualitatively sampled for periphyton. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance were measured during each sampling event. Methods of collection and sample analysis are presented for the various types of biological and chemical constituent samples.\r\n\r\nDiatoms comprised 91-100 percent of the total algal biovolume in periphyton samples collected during May and September. Cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae) were detected in 7 of the 11 quantitative periphyton samples and ranged from 0.01 to 2.0 percent of the total biovolume. Cyanobacteria were present in 3 of the 7 phytoplankton samples collected in May, but the relative biovolumes were small (0.01-0.2 percent). Six of seven qualitative samples collected from Canyon Lake and retention ponds during May and September also contained cyanobacteria. Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol concentrations were less than detection limits (0.005 ug/L) in all five of the Rapid Creek samples collected in May. Actinomycetes bacteria were present at the water treatment plant intake in May 2007, at a concentration of 6 colonies per milliliter. During this study, no taste-and-odor problems with the drinking water within the study area were reported. However, the presence of cyanobacterial taxa known to contain taste-and-odor producing strains (such as Leptolyngbya, Phormidium, and Anabaena) indicates the potential for taste-and-odor problems under certain physical and chemical conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds354","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Rapid City","usgsCitation":"Hoogestraat, G., Putnam, L.D., and Graham, J.L., 2008, Algal and water-quality data for Rapid Creek and Canyon Lake near Rapid City, South Dakota, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 354, Report: vi, 17 p.; Results (Excel spreadsheets), https://doi.org/10.3133/ds354.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Results (Excel spreadsheets)","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11671,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/354/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","city":"Rapid City","otherGeospatial":"Canyon Lake, Rapid Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.5,44 ], [ -103.5,44.15083333333333 ], [ -103.21666666666667,44.15083333333333 ], [ -103.21666666666667,44 ], [ -103.5,44 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cce4b07f02db544315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoogestraat, Galen K.","contributorId":22442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoogestraat","given":"Galen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putnam, Larry D. ldputnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"Larry","email":"ldputnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":86102,"text":"ofr20081175 - 2008 - Hydrologic, Water-Quality, and Meteorological Data for the Cambridge, Massachusetts, Drinking-Water Source Area, Water Year 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:27","indexId":"ofr20081175","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1175","title":"Hydrologic, Water-Quality, and Meteorological Data for the Cambridge, Massachusetts, Drinking-Water Source Area, Water Year 2006","docAbstract":"Records of water quantity, water quality, and meteorological parameters were continuously collected from three reservoirs, two primary streams, and four subbasin tributaries in the Cambridge, Massachusetts, drinking-water source area during water year 2006 (October 2005 through September 2006). Water samples were collected during base-flow conditions and storms in the subbasins of the Cambridge Reservoir and Stony Brook Reservoir drainage areas and analyzed for dissolved calcium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate; total nitrogen and phosphorus; and polar pesticides and metabolites. These data were collected to assist watershed administrators in managing the drinking-water source area and to identify potential sources of contaminants and trends in contaminant loading to the water supply. \r\n\r\nMonthly reservoir contents for the Cambridge Reservoir varied from about 59 to 98 percent of capacity during water year 2006, while monthly reservoir contents for the Stony Brook Reservoir and the Fresh Pond Reservoir was maintained at greater than 83 and 94 percent of capacity, respectively. If water demand is assumed to be 15 million gallons per day by the city of Cambridge, the volume of water released from the Stony Brook Reservoir to the Charles River during the 2006 water year is equivalent to an annual water surplus of about 127 percent. Recorded precipitation in the source area was about 16 percent greater for the 2006 water year than for the previous water year and was between 12 and 73 percent greater than for any recorded amount since water year 2002. \r\n\r\nThe monthly mean specific-conductance values for all continuously monitored stations within the drinking-water source area were generally within the range of historical data collected since water year 1997, and in many cases were less than the historical medians. The annual mean specific conductance of 738 uS/cm (microsiemens per centimeter) for water discharged from the Cambridge Reservoir was nearly identical to the annual mean specific conductance for water year 2005 which was 737 uS/cm. However, the annual mean specific conductance at Stony Brook near Route 20 in Waltham (U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) station 01104460), on the principal tributary to the Stony Brook Reservoir, and at USGS station 01104475 on a smaller tributary to the Stony Brook Reservoir were about 15 and 13 percent lower, respectively, than the previous annual mean specific conductances of 538 and 284 uS/cm, respectively for water year 2005. The annual mean specific conductance for Fresh Pond Reservoir decreased from 553 uS/cm in the 2005 water year to 514 uS/cm in the 2006 water year.\r\n\r\nWater samples were collected in nearly all of the subbasins in the Cambridge drinking-water source area and from Fresh Pond during water year 2006. Discrete water samples were collected during base-flow conditions with an antecedent dry period of at least 4 days. Composite samples, consisting of as many as 100 subsamples, were collected by automatic samplers during storms. Concentrations of most dissolved constituents were generally lower in samples of stormwater than in samples collected during base flow; however, the average concentration of total phosphorus in samples of stormwater were from 160 to 1,109 percent greater than the average concentration in water samples collected during base-flow conditions. Concentrations of total nitrogen in water samples collected during base-flow conditions and composite samples of stormwater at USGS stations 01104415, 01104460, and 01104475 were similar, but mean concentrations of total nitrogen in samples of stormwater differed by about 0.5 mg/L (milligrams per liter) from those in water samples collected during base-flow conditions at U.S. Geological Survey stations 01104433 and 01104455. In six water samples, measurements of pH were lower than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) national recommended freshwater quality criteria and the USEPA secondary drinking water-standa","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081175","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cambridge, Massachusetts, Water Department","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.P., 2008, Hydrologic, Water-Quality, and Meteorological Data for the Cambridge, Massachusetts, Drinking-Water Source Area, Water Year 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1175, Total: 164 p.; Report: vi, 23 p.; Tables: pages 25-143, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081175.","productDescription":"Total: 164 p.; Report: vi, 23 p.; Tables: pages 25-143","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11666,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1175/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.33333333333333,42.333333333333336 ], [ -71.33333333333333,42.46666666666667 ], [ -71.08333333333333,42.46666666666667 ], [ -71.08333333333333,42.333333333333336 ], [ -71.33333333333333,42.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kirk P. 0000-0003-0269-474X kpsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-474X","contributorId":1516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kirk","email":"kpsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}