The relative roles of science and human values can be difficult to distinguish when informal processes are used to make complex and contentious decisions in wildlife management. Structured Decision Making (SDM) offers a formal process for making such decisions, where scientific results and concepts can be disentangled from the values of differing stakeholders. We used SDM to formally integrate science and human values for a citizen working group of ungulate hunting advocates, lion hunting advocates, and outfitters convened to address the contentious allocation of harvest quotas for mountain lions (Puma concolor) in west‐central Montana, USA, during 2014. A science team consisting of mountain lion biologists and population ecologists convened to support the working group. The science team used integrated population models that incorporated 4 estimates of mountain lion density to estimate population trajectories for 5 alternative harvest quotas developed by the working group. Results of the modeling predicted that effects of each harvest quota were consistent across the 4 density estimates; harvest quotas affected predicted population trajectories for 5 years after implementation but differences were not strong. Based on these results, the focus of the working group changed to differences in values among stakeholders that were the true impediment to allocating harvest quotas. By distinguishing roles of science and human values in this process, the working group was able to collaboratively recommend a compromise solution. This solution differed little from the status quo that had been the focus of debate, but the SDM process produced understanding and buy‐in among stakeholders involved, reducing disagreements, misunderstanding, and unproductive arguments founded on informal application of scientific data and concepts. Whereas investments involved in conducting SDM may be unnecessary for many decisions in wildlife management, the investment may be beneficial for complex, contentious, and multiobjective decisions that integrate science and human values.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.861","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, M.S., Cooley, H., Gude, J., Kolbe, J., Nowak, J.J., Proffitt, K.M., Sells, S.N., and Thompson, M., 2018, Distinguishing values from science in decision making: Setting harvest quotas for mountain lions in Montana: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 42, no. 1, p. 13-21, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.861.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-089989","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/821cf25d1bd94a54a95a168864e646fc","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 45.433153642271385\n ],\n [\n -112.093505859375,\n 45.433153642271385\n ],\n [\n -112.093505859375,\n 47.45037978769006\n ],\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 47.45037978769006\n ],\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 45.433153642271385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e5ade4b060350a15d202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, Hilary","contributorId":205414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooley","given":"Hilary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gude, Justin A.","contributorId":95780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolbe, Jay","contributorId":205415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolbe","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowak, J. Joshua","contributorId":171707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Proffitt, Kelly M.","contributorId":106783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sells, Sarah N.","contributorId":171706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thompson, Mike","contributorId":205416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70196435,"text":"70196435 - 2018 - Golden Eagle Monitoring Plan for the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-06T16:37:36","indexId":"70196435","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"CEC-500-2018-008","title":"Golden Eagle Monitoring Plan for the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan","docAbstract":"This report describes options for monitoring the status and population trends of the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan (DRECP) area of Southern California in maintaining stable or increasing population in the planning area. The report profiles the ecology of golden eagles in the region and provides a range of potential sampling options to address monitoring needs and objectives. This approach also focused on links between changes in human land-use, golden eagle nesting and foraging habitat conditions, and population dynamics. The report outlines how monitoring data from demographic, prey, and habitat studies were used to develop a predictive demographic model for golden eagles in the DRECP area. Results from the model simulations suggest increases in renewable energy development could have negative consequences for population trajectories. Results also suggest site-specific conservation actions could reduce the magnitude of negative impacts to the local population of eagles.
A monitoring framework is proposed including: (1) annual assessments of site-occupancy and reproduction by territorial pairs of golden eagles (including rates at which sites become colonized or vacated over time); (2) estimates of survival, movements, and intensity of use of landscapes by breeding and non-breeding golden eagles; (3) periodic (conducted every two to four years) assessments of nesting and foraging habitats, prey populations, and associations with land-use and management activities; and (4) updating the predictive demographic model with new information obtained on eagles and associated population stressors.
The results of this research were published in the Journal of Rapture Research, Wiens, David,Inman, Rich D., Esque, Todd C., Longshore, Kathleen M. and Nussear, Kenneth (2017). Spatial Demographic Models to Inform Conservation Planning of Golden Eagles in Renewable Energy Landscapes. 51(3):234-257.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Wiens, D., Kolar, P., and Katzner, T., 2018, Golden Eagle Monitoring Plan for the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan, 99 p.","productDescription":"99 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086130","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":353224,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/2018publications/CEC-500-2018-008/CEC-500-2018-008.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70fe4b0da30c1bfc0aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiens, David 0000-0002-2020-038X jwiens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-038X","contributorId":167538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"David","email":"jwiens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolar, Patrick 0000-0002-0076-7565 pkolar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-7565","contributorId":189512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolar","given":"Patrick","email":"pkolar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196233,"text":"70196233 - 2018 - Molecular systematics and biodiversity of the Cryptotis mexicanus group (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): two new species from Honduras supported","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T16:32:11","indexId":"70196233","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5671,"text":"Systematics and Biodiversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Molecular systematics and biodiversity of the Cryptotis mexicanus group (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): two new species from Honduras supported","title":"Molecular systematics and biodiversity of the Cryptotis mexicanus group (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): two new species from Honduras supported","docAbstract":"Small-eared shrews of the genus Cryptotis (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) are widespread in the northern Neotropics. Systematic studies of these shrews over the past two decades have revealed previously undocumented morphological and species diversity, resulting in a quadrupling of the number of recognized species. Unfortunately, a small proportion of the species in the genus have been included in molecular phylogenetic studies, and evolutionary relationships within the genus are incompletely known. Traditionally, species have been assigned to four or five morphologically defined ‘species groups’, but tests of the monophyly of some of these groups show weak support and relationships amongst species groups remain somewhat speculative. The largest species group is the C. mexicanus group inhabiting Mexico and northern Central America. We studied sequences from mitochondrial cytochrome-b and 16S genes, as well as nuclear ApoB and BRCA1 genes from 22 species of Cryptotis, including 15 species in the C. mexicanus group. Our combined analysis shows that the C. goldmani subgroup is very weakly supported as monophyletic; however, the C. mexicanus group as a whole is not monophyletic. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the distinctiveness of two newly described species (C. celaque and C. mccarthyi) from isolated highlands of western Honduras and illustrate their relationship with other species formerly considered part of a widespread C. goodwini.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2017.1333539","usgsCitation":"Baird, A.B., McCarthy, T.J., Trujillo, R.G., Kang, Y.Y., Esmaeiliyan, M., Valdez, J., Woodman, N., and Bickham, J.W., 2018, Molecular systematics and biodiversity of the Cryptotis mexicanus group (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): two new species from Honduras supported: Systematics and Biodiversity, v. 16, no. 2, p. 108-117, https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1333539.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"117","ipdsId":"IP-087329","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee710e4b0da30c1bfc0b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baird, Amy B.","contributorId":203555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baird","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36652,"text":"Department of Natural Sciences, University of Houston – Downtown, 1 Main St., Houston, TX 77002","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCarthy, Timothy J.","contributorId":203556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36653,"text":"Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 5800 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206-3783","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trujillo, Robert G.","contributorId":203557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trujillo","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36654,"text":"United States Forest Service, 1720 Peachtree Rd NW, Atlanta, GA 30309","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kang, Yuan Yuan","contributorId":203558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Yuan","email":"","middleInitial":"Yuan","affiliations":[{"id":36652,"text":"Department of Natural Sciences, University of Houston – Downtown, 1 Main St., Houston, TX 77002","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Esmaeiliyan, Mehdi","contributorId":203559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Esmaeiliyan","given":"Mehdi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36652,"text":"Department of Natural Sciences, University of Houston – Downtown, 1 Main St., Houston, TX 77002","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Valdez, Joselyn","contributorId":203560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valdez","given":"Joselyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36652,"text":"Department of Natural Sciences, University of Houston – Downtown, 1 Main St., Houston, TX 77002","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bickham, John W.","contributorId":203561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bickham","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36655,"text":"Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70196538,"text":"70196538 - 2018 - Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-16T16:42:24","indexId":"70196538","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5507,"text":"Resources","printIssn":"2079-9276","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"Water laws and drought plans are used to prioritize and allocate scarce water resources. Both have historically been human-centric, failing to account for non-human water needs. In this paper, we examine the development of instream flow legislation and the evolution of drought planning to highlight the growing concern for the non-human impacts of water scarcity. Utilizing a new framework for ecological drought, we analyzed five watershed-scale drought plans in southwestern Montana, USA to understand if, and how, the ecological impacts of drought are currently being assessed. We found that while these plans do account for some ecological impacts, it is primarily through the narrow lens of impacts to fish as measured by water temperature and streamflow. The latter is typically based on the same ecological principles used to determine instream flow requirements. We also found that other resource plans in the same watersheds (e.g., Watershed Restoration Plans, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Watershed Assessments or United States Forest Service (USFS) Forest Plans) identify a broader range of ecological drought risks. Given limited resources and the potential for mutual benefits and synergies, we suggest greater integration between various planning processes could result in a more holistic consideration of water needs and uses across the landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/resources7010014","usgsCitation":"McEvoy, J., Bathke, D.J., Burkardt, N., Cravens, A.E., Haigh, T., Hall, K.R., Hayes, M., Jedd, T., Podebradska, M., and Wickham, E., 2018, Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA: Resources, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7010014.","productDescription":"Article 14; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-092941","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7010014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Upper Missouri Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -110.67626953125,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -110.67626953125,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 44.4808302785626\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70fe4b0da30c1bfc0a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEvoy, Jamie","contributorId":197223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEvoy","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bathke, Deborah J.","contributorId":197224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bathke","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkardt, Nina 0000-0002-9392-9251 burkardtn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-9251","contributorId":2781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkardt","given":"Nina","email":"burkardtn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cravens, Amanda E. 0000-0002-0271-7967 aecravens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-7967","contributorId":196752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravens","given":"Amanda","email":"aecravens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haigh, Tonya","contributorId":204248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haigh","given":"Tonya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hall, Kimberly R.","contributorId":197221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hayes, Michael J.","contributorId":197222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[{"id":34856,"text":"National Drought Mitigation Center, Unversity of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jedd, Theresa","contributorId":204249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jedd","given":"Theresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Podebradska, Marketa","contributorId":204250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podebradska","given":"Marketa","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wickham, Elliot","contributorId":204251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"Elliot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70196176,"text":"70196176 - 2018 - Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-28T09:26:31","indexId":"70196176","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States","docAbstract":"Climate and fire are primary drivers of plant species distributions. Long-term management of south central United States woody vegetation communities can benefit from information on potential changes in climate and fire frequencies, and how these changes might affect plant communities. We used historical (1900 to 1929) and future (2040 to 2069 and 2070 to 2099) projected climate data for the conterminous US to estimate reference and future fire probabilities\nusing a physical chemistry fire frequency model. We then used the fire probability data with additional climate parameters to construct maximum entropy environmental suitability models for three south central US vegetation communities. The modeled communities included an oak type (dominated by post oak, Quercus stellata Wangenh., and blackjack oak, Q. marilandica Münchh.), a mesquite type (dominated by honey mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa Torr., and velvet mesquite, P. velutina Wooton), and a pinyon−juniper type (dominated by pinyon pine, Pinus edulis Engelm., and Utah juniper, Juniperus osteosperma [Torr.] Little). We mapped baseline and future mean fire-climate suitability using data from three global climate models for 2040 to 2069 and 2070 to 2099; we also mapped future locations of threshold conditions for which all three models agreed on suitability for each community. Future projections included northward, southward, and eastward shifts in suitable conditions for the oaks along a broad path of fire-climate stability; an overall reduction in suitable area for historic mesquite communities coupled with potential expansion to new areas; and constriction and isolation of suitable conditions for pinyon−juniper communities. The inclusion of fire probability adds an important driver of vegetation distribution to climate envelope modeling. The simple models showed good fit, but future projections failed to account for future management activities or land use changes. Results provided information on potential future de-coupling and spatial re-arrangement of environmental conditions under which these communities have historically persisted and been managed. In particular, consensus threshold maps can inform long-term planning for maintenance or restoration of these communities, and they can be used as a potential tool for other communities in fire-prone environments within the study area and beyond its borders.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.140110612","usgsCitation":"Stroh, E., Struckhoff, M., Stambaugh, M.C., and Guyette, R.P., 2018, Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States: Fire Ecology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 106-124, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140110612.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"124","ipdsId":"IP-088298","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140110612","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee711e4b0da30c1bfc0bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stroh, Esther 0000-0003-4291-4647","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-4647","contributorId":202825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroh","given":"Esther","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Struckhoff, Matthew 0000-0002-4911-9956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-9956","contributorId":201512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stambaugh, Michael C.","contributorId":202826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stambaugh","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13706,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guyette, Richard P.","contributorId":176595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyette","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196210,"text":"70196210 - 2018 - Local extinction of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) following rat eradication on Palmyra Atol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T16:27:48","indexId":"70196210","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1028,"text":"Biology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Local extinction of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) following rat eradication on Palmyra Atol","title":"Local extinction of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) following rat eradication on Palmyra Atol","docAbstract":"The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, appears to have been extirpated from Palmyra Atoll following rat eradication. Anecdotal biting reports, collection records, and regular captures in black-light traps showed the species was present before rat eradication. Since then, there have been no biting reports and no captures over 2 years of extensive trapping (black-light and scent traps). By contrast, the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, was abundant before and after rat eradication. We hypothesize that mammals were a substantial and preferred blood meal for Aedes, whereas Culex feeds mostly on seabirds. Therefore, after rat eradication, humans and seabirds alone could not support positive population growth or maintenance of Aedes. This seems to be the first documented accidental secondary extinction of a mosquito. Furthermore, it suggests that preferred host abundance can limit mosquito populations, opening new directions for controlling important disease vectors that depend on introduced species like rats.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2017.0743","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., McLaughlin, J.P., Gruner, D.S., Bogar, T.A., Bui, A., Childress, J.N., Espinoza, M., Forbes, E.S., Johnston, C.A., Klope, M., Kuile, A.M., Lee, M., Plummer, K.A., Weber, D., Young, R.T., and Young, H.S., 2018, Local extinction of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) following rat eradication on Palmyra Atol: Biology Letters, v. 14, no. 2, Article 20170743; 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0743.","productDescription":"Article 20170743; 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-093187","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0743","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Palmyra Atoll","volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee710e4b0da30c1bfc0ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLaughlin, John P. 0000-0002-8756-2123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-2123","contributorId":203516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gruner, Daniel S.","contributorId":195507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gruner","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bogar, Taylor A.","contributorId":203517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogar","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bui, An","contributorId":203518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bui","given":"An","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Childress, Jasmine N. 0000-0003-0423-4069","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-4069","contributorId":203519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Childress","given":"Jasmine","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Espinoza, Magaly","contributorId":203520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Espinoza","given":"Magaly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Forbes, Elizabeth S.","contributorId":203521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forbes","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnston, Cora A.","contributorId":203522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Cora","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Klope, Maggie","contributorId":203523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klope","given":"Maggie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kuile, Ana Miller-ter","contributorId":203524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuile","given":"Ana","email":"","middleInitial":"Miller-ter","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lee, Michelle","contributorId":203525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Plummer, Katherine A.","contributorId":203526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Weber, David A.","contributorId":203527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Young, Ronald T.","contributorId":203528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Young, Hillary S.","contributorId":53711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13007,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70196258,"text":"70196258 - 2018 - Movers and stayers: Novel assemblages in changing environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T13:39:51","indexId":"70196258","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movers and stayers: Novel assemblages in changing environments","docAbstract":"How species will respond to ongoing climate and other change is of increasing concern.
Most attention is given to how species move or are moved, but many species stay.
Understanding the dynamics of new species combinations is essential for successful conservation in a changing climate.
Increased attention to species movement in response to environmental change highlights the need to consider changes in species distributions and altered biological assemblages. Such changes are well known from paleoecological studies, but have accelerated with ongoing pervasive human influence. In addition to species that move, some species will stay put, leading to an array of novel interactions. Species show a variety of responses that can allow movement or persistence. Conservation and restoration actions have traditionally focused on maintaining or returning species in particular places, but increasingly also include interventions that facilitate movement. Approaches are required that incorporate the fluidity of biotic assemblages into the goals set and interventions deployed.
Understanding intrinsic (physiological) and extrinsic (e.g., temperature) causes of variation in embryonic development time (incubation period) is important because they can have different impacts on individual quality. Robert Ricklefs and colleagues have argued that longer incubation periods result primarily from intrinsic physiological programs that increase individual quality and adult survival. They claim that incubation periods are largely invariant and that extrinsic factors like temperature have little impact. We have argued that adult survival may be a cause rather than a consequence of much of the variation in embryonic development time. A reduction in extrinsic sources of annual adult mortality (e.g., migration, predation, nonbreeding-season mortality) favors reduced parental effort during incubation to minimize costs to future reproduction and survival. Reduced parental effort, in turn, manifests as cooler average egg temperatures that yield longer incubation periods. Ricklefs and colleagues mischaracterized our hypothesis and deconstructed their own incorrect version, while also making some incorrect statements. We show that reevaluation of previous evidence provided by this group actually supports a role of egg temperature for the variation in incubation periods. We also summarize other observational and experimental evidence that incubation periods are not invariant and that egg temperature has a strong causal influence on variation within and among species. In fact, egg temperature explains ∼60% of the difference in incubation periods among species. The remaining ∼40% reflects intrinsic physiological programs and other factors, potentially providing intrinsic benefits. Ultimately, annual adult mortality explains substantial variation in parental effort and egg temperature, and the latter strongly explains variation in incubation periods. Both intrinsic programs and extrinsic temperature effects need to be considered in attempts to understand incubation strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-124.1","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., Ton, R., and Oteyza, J.C., 2018, Adaptive influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on variation of incubation periods among tropical and temperate passerines: The Auk, v. 135, no. 1, p. 101-113, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-124.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"113","ipdsId":"IP-088493","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-17-124.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee711e4b0da30c1bfc0be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ton, Riccardo","contributorId":95334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ton","given":"Riccardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oteyza, Juan C.","contributorId":166761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oteyza","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196334,"text":"70196334 - 2018 - Integrate urban‐scale seismic hazard analyses with the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-30T06:57:40","indexId":"70196334","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrate urban‐scale seismic hazard analyses with the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"For more than 20 yrs, damage patterns and instrumental recordings have highlighted the influence of the local 3D geologic structure on earthquake ground motions (e.g.,
We recommend that future U.S. national seismic hazard assessment make use of all available regional information, including that in urban models. In this column, we describe the roles of and differences between the urban and national models, and discuss the obstacles to and benefits of integrating the urban models with the national model. Future progress on this issue will require further coordination and implementation efforts between the USGS and external partners.
Animals reared in barren captive environments exhibit different developmental trajectories and behaviors than wild counterparts. Hence, the captive phenotypes may influence the success of reintroduction and recovery programs for threatened and endangered species. We collected wild bull trout embryos from the Metolius River Basin, Oregon and reared them in differing environments to better understand how captivity affects the bull trout Salvelinus confluentusphenotype. We compared the boldness and prey acquisition behaviors and development of the brain and eye lens of bull trout reared in conventional barren and more structurally complex captive environments with that of wild fish. Wild fish and captive reared fish from complex habitats exhibited a greater level of boldness and prey acquisition ability, than fish reared in conventional captive environments. In addition, the eye lens of conventionally reared bull trout was larger than complex reared captive fish or same age wild fish. Interestingly, we detected wild fish had a smaller relative cerebellum than either captive reared treatment. Our results suggest that rearing fish in more complex captive environments can create a more wild-like phenotype than conventional rearing practices. A better understanding of the effects of captivity on the development and behavior of bull trout can inform rearing and reintroduction programs though prediction of the performance of released individuals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-017-0705-z","usgsCitation":"Brignon, W.R., Pike, M.M., Ebbesson, L.O., Schaller, H.A., Peterson, J., and Schreck, C.B., 2018, Rearing environment influences boldness and prey acquisition behavior, and brain and lens development of bull trout: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 101, no. 3, p. 383-401, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0705-z.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"401","ipdsId":"IP-091378","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70ee4b0da30c1bfc092","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brignon, William R.","contributorId":193087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brignon","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pike, Martin M.","contributorId":204965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pike","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37015,"text":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebbesson, Lars O.E.","contributorId":204966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebbesson","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"O.E.","affiliations":[{"id":37016,"text":"University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53 A/B, Bergen, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaller, Howard A.","contributorId":195101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaller","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193270,"text":"70193270 - 2018 - Combining multiple sources of data to inform conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chicken populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T15:17:43","indexId":"70193270","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining multiple sources of data to inform conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chicken populations","docAbstract":"Conservation of small populations is often based on limited data from spatially and temporally restricted studies, resulting in management actions based on an incomplete assessment of the population drivers. If fluctuations in abundance are related to changes in weather, proper management is especially important, because extreme weather events could disproportionately affect population abundance. Conservation assessments, especially for vulnerable populations, are aided by a knowledge of how extreme events influence population status and trends. Although important for conservation efforts, data may be limited for small or vulnerable populations. Integrated population models maximize information from various sources of data to yield population estimates that fully incorporate uncertainty from multiple data sources while allowing for the explicit incorporation of environmental covariates of interest. Our goal was to assess the relative influence of population drivers for the Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) in the core of its range, western and southern Kansas, USA. We used data from roadside lek count surveys, nest monitoring surveys, and survival data from telemetry monitoring combined with climate (Palmer drought severity index) data in an integrated population model. Our results indicate that variability in population growth rate was most influenced by variability in juvenile survival. The Palmer drought severity index had no measurable direct effects on adult survival or mean number of offspring per female; however, there were declines in population growth rate following severe drought. Because declines in population growth rate occurred at a broad spatial scale, declines in response to drought were likely due to decreases in chick and juvenile survival rather than emigration outside of the study area. Overall, our model highlights the importance of accounting for environmental and demographic sources of variability, and provides a thorough method for simultaneously evaluating population demography in response to long-term climate effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-113.1","usgsCitation":"Ross, B., Haukos, D.A., Hagen, C.A., and Pitman, J., 2018, Combining multiple sources of data to inform conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chicken populations: The Auk, v. 135, no. 2, p. 228-239, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-113.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"239","ipdsId":"IP-077342","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee713e4b0da30c1bfc0da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Beth 0000-0001-5634-4951 bross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5634-4951","contributorId":199242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Beth","email":"bross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hagen, Christian A.","contributorId":177795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, James","contributorId":176512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitman","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70160593,"text":"70160593 - 2018 - Understanding map projections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T16:57:54.157601","indexId":"70160593","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"15","title":"Understanding map projections","docAbstract":"It has probably never been more important in the history of cartography than now that people understand how maps work. With increasing globalization, for example, world maps provide a key format for the transmission of information, but are often poorly used. Examples of poor understanding and use of projections and the resultant maps are many; for instance, the use of rectangular world maps in the United Kingdom press to show Chinese and Korean missile ranges as circles, something which can only be achieved on equidistant projections and then only from one launch point (Vujakovic, 2014).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Routledge handbook of mapping and cartography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"language":"English","publisher":"Routledge","isbn":"9781138831025","usgsCitation":"Usery, E.L., 2018, Understanding map projections, chap. 15 of The Routledge handbook of mapping and cartography, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-068403","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340035,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.routledge.com/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Mapping-and-Cartography/Kent-Vujakovic/p/book/9781138831025"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee713e4b0da30c1bfc0de","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kent, Alexander J.","contributorId":191200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692288,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vujakovic, Peter","contributorId":191199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vujakovic","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692289,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173 usery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.","email":"usery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190387,"text":"70190387 - 2018 - Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-23T09:00:37","indexId":"70190387","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016","docAbstract":"In December–February (DJF) of 2015/16, a strong El Niño (Niño‑3.4 SST >29°C) contributed to a severe drought over southern Africa (SA; Funk et al. 2016). A 9-million ton cereal deficit resulted in 26 mil‑ lion people in need of humanitarian assistance (SADC 2016). While SA rainfall has a well-documented nega‑ tive teleconnection with Niño‑3.4 SSTs (Hoell et al. 2015, 2017; Jury et al. 1994; Lindesay 1988; Misra 2003; Nicholson and Entekhabi 1987; Nicholson and Kim 1997; Reason et al. 2000; Rocha and Simmonds 1997), the link between climate change and El Niño remains unclear (Christensen et al. 2013) due to the large natural variability of ENSO SSTs (Wittenberg 2009), uncertainties surrounding measurements and trends (Solomon and Newman 2012), intermodel differences in ENSO representation and feedbacks (Guilyardi et al. 2012; Kim et al. 2014), and difficulties associated with quantifying ENSO strength (Cai et al. 2015).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0112.1","usgsCitation":"Funk, C., Davenport, F., Harrison, L., Magadzire, T., Galu, G., Artan, G.A., Shukla, S., Korecha, D., Indeje, M., Pomposi, C., Macharia, D., Husak, G., and Dieudonne Nsadisa, F., 2018, Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 99, no. 1, p. S91-S94, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0112.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"S91","endPage":"S94","ipdsId":"IP-086759","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0112.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee713e4b0da30c1bfc0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davenport, Frank","contributorId":145816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, Laura","contributorId":192382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magadzire, Tamuka","contributorId":145822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magadzire","given":"Tamuka","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galu, Gideon","contributorId":97360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galu","given":"Gideon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Korecha, Diriba","contributorId":195983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korecha","given":"Diriba","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Indeje, Matayo","contributorId":203615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Indeje","given":"Matayo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pomposi, Catherine","contributorId":195984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pomposi","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Macharia, Denis","contributorId":195985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macharia","given":"Denis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Husak, Gregory","contributorId":145811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Husak","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Dieudonne Nsadisa, Faka","contributorId":203616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dieudonne Nsadisa","given":"Faka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70196947,"text":"70196947 - 2018 - Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T15:21:08","indexId":"70196947","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","title":"Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","docAbstract":"Ixobrychus exillis (Least Bittern) is listed as a species of high concern in the North American Waterbird Conservation Plan and is a US Fish and Wildlife Service migratory bird species of conservation concern in the Northeast. Little is known about the population of Least Bitterns in the Northeast because of their low population density, tendency to nest in dense wetland vegetation, and secretive behavior. Urban and agricultural development is expected to encroach on and degrade suitable wetland habitat; however, we cannot predict the effects on Least Bittern populations without more accurate information on their abundance and distribution. We conducted surveys of wetlands in Vermont to assess the efficacy of a monitoring protocol and to establish baseline Least Bittern abundance and distribution data at a sample of 29 wetland sites. Surveys yielded detections of 31 individuals at 15 of 29 sites across 3 biophysical regions and at 5 sites where occupancy had not been previously reported. Probability of occupancy was positively related to wetland size and number of patches, though the relationships were not strong enough to conclude if these were true determinants of occupancy. Call—response broadcast surveys yielded 30 detections, while passive surveys yielded 13. Call—response broadcasts (P = 0.897) increased the rate of detection by 55% compared to passive surveys (P = 0.577). Our results suggest that call—response broadcast surveys are an effective means of assessing Least Bittern occupancy and may reduce bias in long-term monitoring programs.
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Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196122,"text":"70196122 - 2018 - Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T09:38:38","indexId":"70196122","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog)","docAbstract":"USA: LOUISIANA: east baton Rouge paRish: private property in a garden center on a bromeliad in the 1700 block of Millerville Road in Baton Rouge (ca. 30.443°N, 91.023°W; WGS 84). 29 November 2016. Joseph Roy. Verified by Hardin Waddle. Florida Museum of Natural History (UF 181952; photo voucher). New parish record. This sub-adult was discovered after the bromeliad was bought and placed outdoors under heat lights. It was not collected. A second individual, also not collected, was found at a nursery on a bromeliad in the greenhouse in the 15000 block of Perkins Road in Baton Rouge (ca. 30.357°N, 91.049°W; WGS 84) on 24 January 2017 by Joseph Roy (UF 181953; photo voucher).
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Glorioso, B.M., Vanbergen, P., Roy, J., Walter, M., Leonpacher, L., and Freistak, M., 2018, Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog): Herpetological Review, v. 49, no. 1, p. 70-71.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-094167","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352675,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414 gloriosob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":4241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","email":"gloriosob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vanbergen, Philip","contributorId":203422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanbergen","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roy, Joseph","contributorId":203423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walter, Matthew","contributorId":203424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leonpacher, Lauren","contributorId":203425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonpacher","given":"Lauren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Freistak, Mark","contributorId":203426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freistak","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159602,"text":"sir20155164 - 2018 - Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T16:40:09.114831","indexId":"sir20155164","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5164","displayTitle":"Volcanic Aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, Water budgets, and Conceptual Models","title":"Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models","docAbstract":"Hawai‘i’s aquifers have limited capacity to store fresh groundwater because each island is small and surrounded by saltwater. Saltwater also underlies much of the fresh groundwater. Fresh groundwater resources are, therefore, particularly vulnerable to human activity, short-term climate cycles, and long-term climate change. Availability of fresh groundwater for human use is constrained by the degree to which the impacts of withdrawal—such as lowering of the water table, saltwater intrusion, and reduction in the natural discharge to springs, streams, wetlands, and submarine seeps—are deemed acceptable. This report describes the hydrogeologic framework, groundwater budgets (inflows and outflows), conceptual models of groundwater occurrence and movement, and the factors limiting groundwater availability for the largest and most populated of the Hawaiian Islands—Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island.
The bulk of each of Hawai‘i’s islands is built of many thin lava flows erupted from shield volcanoes; the great piles of lava flows form highly permeable aquifers. In some areas, low-permeability dikes cutting across the lava flows, or low-permeability ash and soil horizons interlayered with the lava flows, can substantially alter groundwater flow. On some islands, sedimentary rocks form thick semiconfining coastal-plain deposits, locally known as caprock, that impede natural groundwater discharge to the ocean. In some regions, thick lava flows that ponded in preexisting depressions form aquifers that are much less permeable than aquifers formed by thin lava flows.
Fresh groundwater inflow to Hawai‘i’s aquifers comes from recharge. For predevelopment conditions (1870), estimates of groundwater recharge from this study are 871, 675, 1,279, and 5,291 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. Estimates of recharge for recent conditions (2010 land cover and 1978–2007 rainfall for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, and Maui; 2008 land cover and 1916–1983 rainfall for Hawai‘i Island) are 875, 660, 1,308, and 6,595 Mgal/d for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. Recent recharge values differ from predevelopment recharge values by only a few percent for all islands except Hawai‘i Island, where changes in forest cover affected recharge. Spatial distribution of recharge mimics the orographic rainfall pattern—recharge is high on windward slopes and mountain peaks below the top of the trade-wind inversion. Human activity such as irrigation also contributes to recharge in some areas.
Outflows from Hawai‘i’s aquifers include withdrawals from wells and natural groundwater discharge to springs, streams, wetlands, and submarine seeps. Under predevelopment conditions, groundwater withdrawal is assumed to be negligible and natural groundwater discharge probably was equal, or close, to recharge. Under recent conditions (2000–2010), groundwater withdrawal averaged 19, 209, 104, and 103 Mgal/d on Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. If recent withdrawal and recharge rates are maintained until steady state is achieved, natural groundwater discharge will be reduced by an amount equal to the withdrawal rate. Total recent withdrawal for the four islands is only about 5 percent of total recharge, but about half of the withdrawal comes from O‘ahu, whereas O‘ahu receives only 7 percent of the total recharge. Effects of high withdrawals on O‘ahu cannot be mitigated by the lower withdrawals on other islands because no freshwater flows between islands. Even within an island, high withdrawals from one area cannot be completely mitigated by recharge in another area. Water-level, saltwater/freshwater-transition-zone, spring, and stream base-flow data indicate an overall reduction in storage for most areas where groundwater has been developed.
Groundwater occurrence and movement in Hawai‘i’s volcanic aquifers can be described in terms of four conceptual models: (1) fresh groundwater lenses in high-permeability lava-flow aquifers, (2) aquifers with groundwater impounded by dikes, (3) thickly saturated low-permeability aquifers, and (4) perched aquifers. In Hawai‘i, most fresh groundwater withdrawn for human use comes from freshwater lenses in the dike-free high-permeability lava-flow aquifers where the principal limiting factor to groundwater availability is saltwater intrusion, but impacts of reduced natural groundwater discharge may also limit availability. Dike-impounded groundwater is common near the center of Hawaiian shield volcanoes, where water moves and is stored in permeable lava flows between the dikes; groundwater availability in these aquifers is primarily limited by storage depletion and reduction of flow to adjacent aquifers and natural groundwater discharge. Thickly saturated low-permeability aquifers have been identified on Kaua‘i and Maui; groundwater availability is primarily limited by streamflow depletion and water-table decline. Perched groundwater is postulated to exist in some areas of Hawai‘i, but store much less water than other modes ofgroundwater occurrence. Limits on groundwater availability in perched aquifers include the potential of reducing inflow to other groundwater settings and reducing natural discharge and stream seepage. Some groundwater bodies in Hawai‘i are enigmatic; consequences of groundwater development in these bodies and their relation to groundwater availability are not completely understood.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155164","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., Engott, J.A., Rotzoll, Kolja, Bassiouni, Maoya, Johnson, A.G., Miller, L.D., and Mair, Alan, 2018, Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models (ver. 2.0, March 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5164, 158 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155164.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 158 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"172","ipdsId":"IP-058142","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351940,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72F7KH4","linkHelpText":"Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, for current conditions, 2001-10 rainfall and 2001-10 land cover (ver. 2.0)"},{"id":351939,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: June 13, 2016; Version 2.0: March 1, 2018","contact":"Director,
Pacific Islands Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Inouye Regional Center
1845 Wasp Blvd., B176
Honolulu, HI 96818
Shrubs, bunchgrasses and biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are believed to contribute to site resistance to plant invasions in the presence of cattle grazing. Although fire is a concomitant disturbance with grazing, little is known regarding their combined impacts on invasion resistance. We are the first to date to test the idea that biotic communities mediate the effects of disturbance on site resistance. We assessed cover of Bromus tectorum, shrubs, native bunchgrasses, lichens and mosses in 99 burned and unburned plots located on similar soils where fires occurred between 12 and 23 years before sampling. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypothesized relationships between environmental and disturbance characteristics, the biotic community and resistance to B. tectorum cover. Characteristics of fire and grazing did not directly relate to cover of B. tectorum. Relationships were mediated through shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities. Increased site resistance following fire was associated with higher bunchgrass cover and recovery of bunchgrasses and mosses with time since fire. Evidence of grazing was more pronounced on burned sites and was positively correlated with the cover of B. tectorum, indicating an interaction between fire and grazing that decreases site resistance. Lichen cover showed a weak, negative relationship with cover of B. tectorum. Fire reduced near-term site resistance to B. tectorum on actively grazed rangelands. Independent of fire, grazing impacts resulted in reduced site resistance to B. tectorum, suggesting that grazing management that enhances plant and biocrust communities will also enhance site resistance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-018-0230-8","usgsCitation":"Condon, L.A., and Pyke, D.A., 2018, Fire and grazing influence site resistance to Bromus tectorum through their effects on shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities in the Great Basin (USA): Ecosystems, v. 21, no. 7, p. 1416-1431, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0230-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1416","endPage":"1431","ipdsId":"IP-083278","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -111.796875,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -111.796875,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.027718840211605\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Condon, Lea A. 0000-0002-9357-3881","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-3881","contributorId":202908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condon","given":"Lea","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195850,"text":"70195850 - 2018 - Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:10:25","indexId":"70195850","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife","docAbstract":"A diverse range of fauna could be exposed to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) via diet, dermal absorption or bioconcentration. Low level exposures of free-ranging wildlife to APIs has only been demonstrated for a few pathways (e.g., ingestion of fish in estuaries by piscivorous birds), and many remain hypothetical (e.g., ingestion of invertebrates in sludge amended fields by terrestrial vertebrates). Our understanding of API dose-response relationships in wildlife have only been assessed for endocrine disrupting compounds and a few veterinary therapeutics. Drug specific responses at various levels of biological organization are poorly characterized for nearly all wildlife species, and thus our understanding of risk is limited. There is interest in using a read-across approach to fill knowledge gaps for risk. This approach, using data collected in laboratory mammals and humans, would enable predictions for likelihood of adverse effects in wildlife. Given the great diversities in physiologies among species, a combination of in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches will be required to fill the knowledge gaps for exposure, hazard and risk.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Health care and environmental contamination","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","isbn":"9780444638571","usgsCitation":"Bean, T., and Rattner, B.A., 2018, Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife, chap. of Health care and environmental contamination, p. 87-122.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-075358","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bean, Thomas","contributorId":202972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70196763,"text":"70196763 - 2018 - Timber harvest as the predominant disturbance regime in northeastern U.S. forests: Effects of harvest intensification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-30T13:06:26","indexId":"70196763","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timber harvest as the predominant disturbance regime in northeastern U.S. forests: Effects of harvest intensification","docAbstract":"Harvesting is the leading cause of adult tree mortality in forests of the northeastern United States. While current rates of timber harvest are generally sustainable, there is considerable pressure to increase the contribution of forest biomass to meet renewable energy goals. We estimated current harvest regimes for different forest types and regions across the U.S. states of New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine using data from the U.S. Forest Inventory and Analysis Program. We implemented the harvest regimes in SORTIE‐ND, an individual‐based model of forest dynamics, and simulated the effects of current harvest regimes and five additional harvest scenarios that varied by harvest frequency and intensity over 150 yr. The best statistical model for the harvest regime described the annual probability of harvest as a function of forest type/region, total plot basal area, and distance to the nearest improved road. Forests were predicted to increase in adult aboveground biomass in all harvest scenarios in all forest type and region combinations. The magnitude of the increase, however, varied dramatically—increasing from 3% to 120% above current landscape averages as harvest frequency and intensity decreased. The variation can be largely explained by the disproportionately high harvest rates estimated for Maine as compared with the rest of the region. Despite steady biomass accumulation across the landscape, stands that exhibited old‐growth characteristics (defined as ≥300 metric tons of biomass/hectare) were rare (8% or less of stands). Intensified harvest regimes had little effect on species composition due to widespread partial harvesting in all scenarios, resulting in dominance by late‐successional species over time. Our analyses indicate that forest biomass can represent a sustainable, if small, component of renewable energy portfolios in the region, although there are tradeoffs between carbon sequestration in forest biomass and sustainable feedstock supply. Integrating harvest regimes into a disturbance theory framework is critical to understanding the dynamics of forested landscapes, especially given the predominance of logging as a disturbance agent and the increasing pressure to meet renewable energy needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2062","usgsCitation":"Brown, M.L., Canham, C.D., Murphy, L., and Donovan, T.M., 2018, Timber harvest as the predominant disturbance regime in northeastern U.S. forests: Effects of harvest intensification: Ecosphere, v. 9, no. 3, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2062.","productDescription":"e02062; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-086575","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2062","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70fe4b0da30c1bfc0a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Michelle L.","contributorId":168990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canham, Charles D.","contributorId":152138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canham","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Lora","contributorId":196420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Lora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. 0000-0001-8124-9251 tdonovan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-9251","contributorId":204296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196051,"text":"70196051 - 2018 - Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T11:44:40","indexId":"70196051","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management","docAbstract":"The thousands of hectares of prairie reconstructed each year in the tallgrass prairie biome can provide a valuable resource for evaluation of seed mixes, planting methods, and post-planting management if methods used and resulting characteristics of the prairies are recorded and compiled in a publicly accessible database. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of such data to understand the outcomes of reconstructions over a 10-year period at two U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuges. Variables included number of species planted, seed source (combine-harvest or combine-harvest plus hand-collected), fire history, and planting method and season. In 2015 we surveyed vegetation on 81 reconstructions and calculated proportion of planted species observed; introduced species richness; native species richness, evenness and diversity; and mean coefficient of conservatism. We conducted exploratory analyses to learn how implied communities based on seed mix compared with observed vegetation; which seeding or management variables were influential in the outcome of the reconstructions; and consistency of responses between the two refuges. Insights from this analysis include: 1) proportion of planted species observed in 2015 declined as planted richness increased, but lack of data on seeding rate per species limited conclusions about value of added species; 2) differing responses to seeding and management between the two refuges suggest the importance of geographic variability that could be addressed using a public database; and 3) variables such as fire history are difficult to quantify consistently and should be carefully evaluated in the context of a public data repository.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/er.36.1.6","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Ahlering, M., Drobney, P., Esser, R., Larson, J.L., and Viste-Sparkman, K., 2018, Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management: Ecological Restoration, v. 36, no. 1, p. 6-18, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.36.1.6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-082530","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahlering, Marissa 0000-0002-3913-428X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3913-428X","contributorId":171943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahlering","given":"Marissa","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drobney, Pauline","contributorId":178447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drobney","given":"Pauline","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esser, Rebecca","contributorId":197592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Esser","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L.","contributorId":178444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Viste-Sparkman, Karen","contributorId":197593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viste-Sparkman","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195816,"text":"70195816 - 2018 - History of state wildlife management in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T10:20:50","indexId":"70195816","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"History of state wildlife management in the United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"State wildlife management and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Johns Hopkins University Press","usgsCitation":"Organ, J.F., 2018, History of state wildlife management in the United States, chap. of State wildlife management and conservation, p. 1-23.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-067985","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/state-wildlife-management-and-conservation"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Organ, John F. 0000-0002-0959-0639 jorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-0639","contributorId":189047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Organ","given":"John","email":"jorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195768,"text":"70195768 - 2018 - Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T13:45:40","indexId":"70195768","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides","docAbstract":"Neonicotinoid use has increased rapidly in recent years, with a global shift towards insecticide applications as seed coatings rather than aerial spraying. While the use of seed coatings can lessen the amount of overspray and drift, the near universal and prophylactic use of neonicotinoid seed coatings on major agricultural crops has led to widespread detections in the environment (pollen, soil, water, honey). Pollinators and aquatic insects appear to be especially susceptible to the effects of neonicotinoids with current research suggesting that chronic sub-lethal effects are more prevalent than acute toxicity. Meanwhile, evidence of clear and consistent yield benefits from the use of neonicotinoids remains elusive for most crops. Future decisions on neonicotinoid use will benefit from weighing crop yield benefits versus environmental impacts to non-target organisms and considering whether there are more environmentally benign alternatives.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b06388","usgsCitation":"Hladik, M., Main, A., and Goulson, D., 2018, Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 6, p. 3329-3335, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b06388.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3329","endPage":"3335","ipdsId":"IP-092573","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Environmental_risks_and_challenges_associated_with_neonicotinoid_insecticides/23455121","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":189904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle L.","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Main, Anson 0000-0001-9539-760X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-760X","contributorId":202852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Main","given":"Anson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goulson, Dave 0000-0003-4421-2876","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4421-2876","contributorId":202853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goulson","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36533,"text":"Univesity of Sussex, Brighton, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195769,"text":"70195769 - 2018 - Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-01T10:34:46","indexId":"70195769","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen)","docAbstract":"Lead concentrations in soil organisms are usually well below those in the associated soil and tend to decrease with each higher trophic level in a food chain. Earthworms of the species Eisenoides lonnbergi provide an exception to this observation, accumulating very high concentrations of lead from acidic soils. Earthworms belonging to this species were collected from strongly to extremely acidic soils at 16 sites on a wildlife refuge in Maryland, USA. A lead concentration as high as 766 mg/kg, dry weight, was detected in depurated E. lonnbergi collected from soil containing only 17 mg/kg of lead. Concentration factors (ratio of lead concentration in earthworms to lead concentration in soil, dry wt) were highly variable at the sites, from 1.0 to 83. As suggested previously, lead absorption by earthworms is enhanced in low-calcium soils. The anomalously high concentrations of lead found in E. lonnbergi are more closely correlated with the uptake of calcium from acidic soils than with bioaccessibility of soil lead.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.4031","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W.N., Codling, E.E., and Rutzke, M.A., 2018, Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 37, no. 3, p. 914-919, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4031.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"914","endPage":"919","ipdsId":"IP-086530","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Codling, Eton E.","contributorId":202854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Codling","given":"Eton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36534,"text":"USDA-ARS, Adaptive Cropping System Laboratory, Bldg. 007, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rutzke, Michael A.","contributorId":202855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutzke","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36535,"text":"College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Nutrient Analysis Lab., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195819,"text":"70195819 - 2018 - Species distribution modeling in regions of high need and limited data: waterfowl of China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T10:59:14","indexId":"70195819","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5641,"text":"Avian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species distribution modeling in regions of high need and limited data: waterfowl of China","docAbstract":"Background
A number of conservation and societal issues require understanding how species are distributed on the landscape, yet ecologists are often faced with a lack of data to develop models at the resolution and extent desired, resulting in inefficient use of conservation resources. Such a situation presented itself in our attempt to develop waterfowl distribution models as part of a multi-disciplinary team targeting the control of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in China.
Methods
Faced with limited data, we built species distribution models using a habitat suitability approach for China’s breeding and non-breeding (hereafter, wintering) waterfowl. An extensive review of the literature was used to determine model parameters for habitat modeling. Habitat relationships were implemented in GIS using land cover covariates. Wintering models were validated using waterfowl census data, while breeding models, though developed for many species, were only validated for the one species with sufficient telemetry data available.
Results
We developed suitability models for 42 waterfowl species (30 breeding and 39 wintering) at 1 km resolution for the extent of China, along with cumulative and genus level species richness maps. Breeding season models showed highest waterfowl suitability in wetlands of the high-elevation west-central plateau and northeastern China. Wintering waterfowl suitability was highest in the lowland regions of southeastern China. Validation measures indicated strong performance in predicting species presence. Comparing our model outputs to China’s protected areas indicated that breeding habitat was generally better covered than wintering habitat, and identified locations for which additional research and protection should be prioritized.
Conclusions
These suitability models are the first available for many of China’s waterfowl species, and have direct utility to conservation and habitat planning and prioritizing management of critically important areas, providing an example of how this approach may aid others faced with the challenge of addressing conservation issues with little data to inform decision making.