{"pageNumber":"897","pageRowStart":"22400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":79644,"text":"ofr20061363 - 2006 - The Interface Between Theory and Data in Structural Equation Models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:08","indexId":"ofr20061363","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1363","title":"The Interface Between Theory and Data in Structural Equation Models","docAbstract":"Structural equation modeling (SEM) holds the promise of providing natural scientists the capacity to evaluate complex multivariate hypotheses about ecological systems. Building on its predecessors, path analysis and factor analysis, SEM allows for the incorporation of both observed and unobserved (latent) variables into theoretically based probabilistic models. In this paper we discuss the interface between theory and data in SEM and the use of an additional variable type, the composite, for representing general concepts. In simple terms, composite variables specify the influences of collections of other variables and can be helpful in modeling general relationships of the sort commonly of interest to ecologists. While long recognized as a potentially important element of SEM, composite variables have received very limited use, in part because of a lack of theoretical consideration, but also because of difficulties that arise in parameter estimation when using conventional solution procedures. In this paper we present a framework for discussing composites and demonstrate how the use of partially reduced form models can help to overcome some of the parameter estimation and evaluation problems associated with models containing composites. Diagnostic procedures for evaluating the most appropriate and effective use of composites are illustrated with an example from the ecological literature. It is argued that an ability to incorporate composite variables into structural equation models may be particularly valuable in the study of natural systems, where concepts are frequently multifaceted and the influences of suites of variables are often of interest.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061363","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., and Bollen, K.A., 2006, The Interface Between Theory and Data in Structural Equation Models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1363, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061363.","productDescription":"33 p.","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9281,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1363/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67be7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollen, Kenneth A.","contributorId":93989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollen","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79639,"text":"ds119 - 2006 - Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activity 04SGI01 in the Withlacoochee River of West-Central Florida, March 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T15:08:41","indexId":"ds119","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"119","title":"Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activity 04SGI01 in the Withlacoochee River of West-Central Florida, March 2004","docAbstract":"<p>In March of 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a geophysical survey in the Withlacoochee River of west-central Florida. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital boomer seismic reflection data, trackline maps, navigation files, GIS information, Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, observer's logbook, and FGDC metadata. Filtered and gained digital images of the seismic profiles are also provided. Refer to the Acronyms page for expansion of all acronyms and abbreviations used in this report.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The archived trace data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry and others, 1975) and may be downloaded and processed with commercial or public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU). Example SU processing scripts and USGS software for viewing the SEG-Y files (Zihlman, 1992) are also provided.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds119","isbn":"9780607985979","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Yobbi, D.K., McBride, W., Flocks, J.G., and Wiese, D.S., 2006, Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activity 04SGI01 in the Withlacoochee River of West-Central Florida, March 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 119, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds119.","productDescription":"HTML Document","temporalStart":"2004-03-01","temporalEnd":"2004-03-05","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds119.PNG"},{"id":9272,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2007/119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Withlacoochee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.4574,28.5193 ], [ -82.4574,29.0433 ], [ -82.1684,29.0433 ], [ -82.1684,28.5193 ], [ -82.4574,28.5193 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yobbi, Dann K.","contributorId":15247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yobbi","given":"Dann","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McBride, W. Scott","contributorId":15293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"W. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79640,"text":"ds203 - 2006 - Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruise 97CCT01 offshore of central South Carolina, June 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T14:54:36","indexId":"ds203","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"203","title":"Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruise 97CCT01 offshore of central South Carolina, June 1997","docAbstract":"<p>In June of 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Coastal Carolina University, conducted a geophysical survey of the shallow geologic framework of the continental shelf offshore of central South Carolina from the Isle of Palms to Bull Island. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital boomer seismic reflection data, trackline maps, navigation files, GIS information, observers' logbooks, Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, and formal FGDC metadata. Filtered and gained digital images of the seismic profiles are also provided.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The archived trace data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry and others, 1975) and may be downloaded and processed with commercial or public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU). Example SU processing scripts and USGS software for viewing the SEG-Y files (Zihlman, 1992) are also provided.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds203","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Kindinger, J.L., Flocks, J.G., Harris, M., and Thompson, P.R., 2006, Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruise 97CCT01 offshore of central South Carolina, June 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 203, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds203.","productDescription":"HTML Document","temporalStart":"2006-06-01","temporalEnd":"2006-06-04","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds203.PNG"},{"id":9274,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.8141,32.7353 ], [ -79.8141,32.8897 ], [ -79.5589,32.8897 ], [ -79.5589,32.7353 ], [ -79.8141,32.7353 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679e1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, M. Scott","contributorId":7795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"M. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thompson, Philip R. prthompson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Philip","email":"prthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79643,"text":"ds181 - 2006 - Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado, Oil Shale Geodatabase","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ds181","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"181","title":"Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado, Oil Shale Geodatabase","docAbstract":"This geodatabase is a digital reproduction of three legacy USGS oil shale publications--MF-958 (Pitman and Johnson, 1978), MF-1069 (Pitman, 1979), and OC-132 (Pitman and others, 1990). The database consists of 106 feature classes in three feature datasets organized by publication. Each dataset contains isopach contours, isoresource contours, isoresource polygons, and corehole and drillhole locations with resource values for 12 kerogen-rich (R) and kerogen-lean (L) oil shale zones in the Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado. The uppermost zones, Mahogany and R-6, also contain detailed structure files. The zones in descending order are: Mahogany, R-6, L-5, R-5, L-4, R-4, L-3, R-3, L-2, R-2, L-1, and R-1.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds181","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado, Oil Shale Geodatabase: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 181, geodatabase, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds181.","productDescription":"geodatabase","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9280,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/181/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.7751,39.3737 ], [ -108.7751,40.1736 ], [ -107.8817,40.1736 ], [ -107.8817,39.3737 ], [ -108.7751,39.3737 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79633,"text":"fs20063149 - 2006 - Garnet--An Essential Industrial Mineral and January's Birthstone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:10","indexId":"fs20063149","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3149","title":"Garnet--An Essential Industrial Mineral and January's Birthstone","docAbstract":"Garnet is one of the most common minerals in the world. Occurring in almost any color, it is most widely known for its beauty as a gem stone. Because of its hardness and other properties, garnet is also an essential industrial mineral used in abrasive products, non-slip surfaces, and filtration. To help manage our Nation's resources of such essential minerals, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides crucial data and scientific information to industry, policymakers, and the public. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20063149","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.G., Moyle, P.R., Frank, D.G., and Olson, D.W., 2006, Garnet--An Essential Industrial Mineral and January's Birthstone (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3149, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063149.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3149.jpg"},{"id":9263,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3149/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b138e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, James G. jevans@usgs.gov","contributorId":2396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"James","email":"jevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moyle, Phillip R.","contributorId":100898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frank, David G. dfrank@usgs.gov","contributorId":3274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","email":"dfrank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, Donald W. dolson@usgs.gov","contributorId":526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Donald","email":"dolson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79622,"text":"ofr20061260A - 2006 - Surficial Geologic Map of the Clinton-Concord-Grafton-Medfield 12-Quadrangle Area in East Central Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:13","indexId":"ofr20061260A","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1260","chapter":"A","title":"Surficial Geologic Map of the Clinton-Concord-Grafton-Medfield 12-Quadrangle Area in East Central Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The surficial geologic map shows the distribution of nonlithified earth materials at land surface in an area of twelve 7.5-minute quadrangles (total 660 square miles) in east-central Massachusetts. The geologic map differentiates surficial materials of Quaternary age on the basis of their lithologic characteristics (grain size, sedimentary structures, mineral and rock-particle composition), constructional geomorphic features, stratigraphic relationships, and age. Surficial earth materials significantly affect human use of the land, and an accurate description of their distribution is particularly important for water resources, construction aggregate resources, earth-surface hazards assessments, and land-use decisions. This compilation of surficial geologic materials is an interim product that defines the areas of exposed bedrock, and the boundaries between glacial till, glacial stratified deposits, and overlying postglacial deposits. This work is part of a comprehensive study to produce a statewide digital map of the surficial geology at a 1:24,000-scale level of accuracy. This report includes explanatory text (PDF), a regional map at 1:50,000 scale (PDF), quadrangle maps at 1:24,000 scale (12 PDF files), GIS data layers (ArcGIS shapefiles), scanned topographic base maps (TIF), metadata for the GIS layers, and a readme.txt file.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061260A","isbn":"1411312538","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Office of the State Geologist and Executive Office of Environmental Affairs ","usgsCitation":"Stone, J.R., and Stone, B.D., 2006, Surficial Geologic Map of the Clinton-Concord-Grafton-Medfield 12-Quadrangle Area in East Central Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1260, iii, 12 p.; maps; GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061260A.","productDescription":"iii, 12 p.; maps; GIS data","numberOfPages":"15","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110703,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80659.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"80659"},{"id":191001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9249,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1260/A/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Janet Radway jrstone@usgs.gov","contributorId":1695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet","email":"jrstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Radway","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69855,"text":"pp1674 - 2006 - Mapping ground water in three dimensions: An analysis of airborne geophysical surveys of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":31197,"text":"ofr2000517 - 2001 - Mapping groundwater in three dimensions: An analysis of the airborne geophysical surveys of the upper San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona with an interpretation of where the groundwater lies","indexId":"ofr2000517","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Mapping groundwater in three dimensions: An analysis of the airborne geophysical surveys of the upper San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona with an interpretation of where the groundwater lies"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":69855,"text":"pp1674 - 2006 - Mapping ground water in three dimensions: An analysis of airborne geophysical surveys of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona","indexId":"pp1674","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Mapping ground water in three dimensions: An analysis of airborne geophysical surveys of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T22:04:50.388843","indexId":"pp1674","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1674","title":"Mapping ground water in three dimensions: An analysis of airborne geophysical surveys of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the results of two airborne geophysical surveys conducted in the upper San Pedro Valley of southeastern Arizona in 1997 and 1999. The combined surveys cover about 1,000 square kilometers and extend from the Huachuca Mountains on the west to the Mule Mountains and Tombstone Hills on the east and from north of the Babocomari River to near the Mexican border on the south. The surveys included the acquisition of high-resolution magnetic data, which were used to map depth to the crystalline basement rocks underlying the sediments filling the basin. The magnetic inversion results show a complex basement morphology, with sediment thickness in the center of the valley ranging from ~237 meters beneath the city of Sierra Vista to ~1,500 meters beneath Huachuca City and the Palominas area near the Mexican border. The surveys also included acquisition of 60-channel time-domain electromagnetic (EM) data. Extensive quality analyses of these data, including inversion to conductivity vs. depth (conductivity-depth-transform or CDT) profiles and comparisons with electrical well logs, show that the electrical conductor mapped represents the subsurface water-bearing sediments throughout most of the basin.\r\n\r\nIn a few places (notably the mouth of Huachuca Canyon), the reported water table lies above where the electrical conductor places it. These exceptions appear to be due to a combination of outdated water-table information, significant horizontal displacement between the wells and the CDT profiles, and a subtle calibration issue with the CDT algorithm apparent only in areas of highly resistive (very dry) overburden. These occasional disparities appear in less than 5 percent of the surveyed area. Observations show, however, that wells drilled in the thick unsaturated zone along the Huachuca Mountain front eventually intersect water, at which point the water rapidly rises high into the unsaturated zone within the wellbore. This rising of water in a wellbore implies some sort of confinement below the thick unsaturated zone, a confinement that is not identified in the available literature. Occasional disparities notwithstanding, maps of the electrical conductor derived from the airborne EM system provide a synoptic view of the presence of water underlying the upper San Pedro Valley, including its three-dimensional distribution. The EM data even show faults previously only inferred from geologic mapping.\r\n\r\nThe magnetic and electromagnetic data together appear to show the thickness of the sediments, the water in the saturated sediments down to a maximum of about 400 meters depth, and even places where the main ground-water body is not in direct contact with the San Pedro River. However, the geophysical data cannot reveal anything directly about hydraulic conductivity or ground-water flow. Estimating these characteristics requires new hydraulic modeling based in part on this report.\r\n\r\nOne concern to reviewers of this report is the effect that clays may have on the electrical conductor mapped with the airborne geophysical system. Although the water in the basin is unusually conductive, averaging 338 microsiemens per centimeter, reasoning cited below suggests that the contribution of clays to the overall conductivity would be relatively small. Basic principles of sedimentary geology suggest that silts and clays should dominate the center of the basin, while sands and gravels would tend to dominate the margins. Although clay content may increase the amplitude of the observed electrical conductors somewhat, it will not affect the depths to the conductor derived from depth inversions. Further, fine-grained sediments generally have higher porosity and tend to lie toward a basin center, a fact in general agreement with the observed geophysical data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1674","isbn":"1411309014","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., 2006, Mapping ground water in three dimensions: An analysis of airborne geophysical surveys of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1674, Report: v, 33 p.; 2 Plates: 30.00 x 26.34 inches and 25.00 x 24.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1674.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33 p.; 2 Plates: 30.00 x 26.34 inches and 25.00 x 24.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":9341,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/2006/1674/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":188776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110715,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80831.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"80831"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Cochise County","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.4580522692127,\n              31.74663535853425\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4580522692127,\n              31.34199014408115\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.85346594086583,\n              31.34199014408115\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.85346594086583,\n              31.74663535853425\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4580522692127,\n              31.74663535853425\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0be4b07f02db69e1f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Jeff 0000-0002-8102-3882 jwynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8102-3882","contributorId":2803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeff","email":"jwynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79626,"text":"ds198 - 2006 - Ground-water-quality data for a treated-wastewater plume undergoing natural restoration, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T11:49:24","indexId":"ds198","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"198","title":"Ground-water-quality data for a treated-wastewater plume undergoing natural restoration, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A plume of contaminated ground water extends from former disposal beds at the Massachusetts Military Reservation wastewater-treatment plant toward Ashumet Pond, and farther southward toward coastal ponds and Vineyard Sound, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Treated sewage-derived wastewater was discharged to the rapid-infiltration beds for nearly 60 years before the disposal site was moved to a different location in December 1995.\r\n\r\nWater-quality samples were collected periodically from monitoring wells and multilevel samplers during and after the disposal period to characterize the nature and extent of the contaminated ground water and to observe the water-quality changes after the wastewater disposal ceased. Data are presented here for water samples collected from 1994 through 2004 from 16 wells (at 2 locations) and 14 multilevel samplers (at 9 locations) along a longitudinal transect that extends through one of the disposal beds. Data collected from the treated-wastewater plume are presented in tabular format. These data include field parameters; concentrations of cations, anions, nitrate, ammonium, and organic and inorganic carbon species; and ultraviolet/visible absorbance. The natural restoration of the sand and gravel aquifer after removal of the nearly 60-year-long treated-wastewater source, along with interpretations of the water quality in the treated-wastewater plume on Cape Cod, have been documented in several published reports that are listed in the references.\r\n\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds198","usgsCitation":"Savoie, J., Smith, R.L., Kent, D.B., Hess, K.M., LeBlanc, D.R., and Barber, L.B., 2006, Ground-water-quality data for a treated-wastewater plume undergoing natural restoration, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 198, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds198.","productDescription":"CD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1994-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9255,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/198/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n              41.63186741069748\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.927978515625,\n              41.63186741069748\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.927978515625,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n              41.63186741069748\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69857f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G.","contributorId":52218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, Douglas B. 0000-0003-3758-8322 dbkent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-8322","contributorId":1871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Douglas","email":"dbkent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hess, Kathryn M.","contributorId":49012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79623,"text":"sim2949 - 2006 - Bathymetric contour maps of lakes surveyed in Iowa in 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T14:30:07","indexId":"sim2949","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2949","title":"Bathymetric contour maps of lakes surveyed in Iowa in 2004","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, conducted bathymetric surveys on six lakes in Iowa during 2004 (Lake Darling, Littlefield Lake, Lake Minnewashta, Nine Eagles Lake, Prairie Rose Lake, and Upper Gar Lake). The surveys were conducted to provide the Iowa Department of Natural Resources with information for the development of total maximum daily load limits, particularly for estimating sediment load and deposition rates. The bathymetric surveys can provide a baseline for future work on sediment loads and deposition rates for these lakes. Two of the lakes surveyed in 2004, Lake Minnewashta and Upper Gar Lake, are natural lakes. The other four lakes are manmade lakes with fixed spillways.</p>\n<p>Bathymetric data were collected using a boat-mounted, differential global positioning system, echo depth-sounding equipment, and computer software. Data were processed with commercial hydrographic software and exported into a geographic information system for mapping and calculating area and volume. Lake volume estimates ranged from 83,924,000 cubic feet (1,930 acre-feet) at Lake Darling to 5,967,000 cubic feet (140 acre-feet) at Upper Gar Lake. Surface area estimates ranged from 10,660,000 square feet (240 acres) at Lake Darling to 1,557,000 square feet (36 acres) at Upper Gar Lake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim2949","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Linhart, S., and Lund, K.D., 2006, Bathymetric contour maps of lakes surveyed in Iowa in 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2949, 6 plates; metadata files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2949.","productDescription":"6 plates; metadata files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9250,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Mike","contributorId":61073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S. Mike","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lund, Kris D. kdlund@usgs.gov","contributorId":1958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"Kris","email":"kdlund@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79615,"text":"sir20065226 - 2006 - Estimates of Shear Stress and Measurements of Water Levels in the Lower Fox River near Green Bay, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:17","indexId":"sir20065226","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5226","title":"Estimates of Shear Stress and Measurements of Water Levels in the Lower Fox River near Green Bay, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Turbulent shear stress in the boundary layer of a natural river system largely controls the deposition and resuspension of sediment, as well as the longevity and effectiveness of granular-material caps used to cover and isolate contaminated sediments. This report documents measurements and calculations made in order to estimate shear stress and shear velocity on the Lower Fox River, Wisconsin.\r\n\r\nVelocity profiles were generated using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) mounted on a moored vessel. This method of data collection yielded 158 velocity profiles on the Lower Fox River between June 2003 and November 2004. Of these profiles, 109 were classified as valid and were used to estimate the bottom shear stress and velocity using log-profile and turbulent kinetic energy methods. Estimated shear stress ranged from 0.09 to 10.8 dynes per centimeter squared. Estimated coefficients of friction ranged from 0.001 to 0.025. \r\n\r\nThis report describes both the field and data-analysis methods used to estimate shear-stress parameters for the Lower Fox River. Summaries of the estimated values for bottom shear stress, shear velocity, and coefficient of friction are presented. Confidence intervals about the shear-stress estimates are provided. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065226","collaboration":"In cooperation with the University of Wisconsin?Milwaukee","usgsCitation":"Westenbroek, S.M., 2006, Estimates of Shear Stress and Measurements of Water Levels in the Lower Fox River near Green Bay, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5226, viii, 182 p. (appedix seperate file online), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065226.","productDescription":"viii, 182 p. (appedix seperate file online)","numberOfPages":"190","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9238,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fccbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79613,"text":"sir20065286 - 2006 - Statewide analysis of the drainage-area ratio method for 34 streamflow percentile ranges in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T14:45:46","indexId":"sir20065286","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5286","title":"Statewide analysis of the drainage-area ratio method for 34 streamflow percentile ranges in Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The drainage-area ratio method commonly is used to estimate streamflow for sites where no streamflow data are available using data from one or more nearby streamflow-gaging stations. The method is intuitive and straightforward to implement and is in widespread use by analysts and managers of surface-water resources. The method equates the ratio of streamflow at two stream locations to the ratio of the respective drainage areas. In practice, unity often is assumed as the exponent on the drainage-area ratio, and unity also is assumed as a multiplicative bias correction. These two assumptions are evaluated in this investigation through statewide analysis of daily mean streamflow in Texas. The investigation was made by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. More than 7.8 million values of daily mean streamflow for 712 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Texas were analyzed. To account for the influence of streamflow probability on the drainage-area ratio method, 34 percentile ranges were considered. The 34 ranges are the 4 quartiles (0-25, 25-50, 50-75, and 75-100 percent), the 5 intervals of the lower tail of the streamflow distribution (0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, and 4-5 percent), the 20 quintiles of the 4 quartiles (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-35, 35-40, 40-45, 45-50, 50-55, 55-60, 60-65, 65-70, 70-75, 75-80, 80-85, 85-90, 90-95, and 95-100 percent), and the 5 intervals of the upper tail of the streamflow distribution (95-96, 96-97, 97-98, 98-99 and 99-100 percent). For each of the 253,116 (712X711/2) unique pairings of stations and for each of the 34 percentile ranges, the concurrent daily mean streamflow values available for the two stations provided for station-pair application of the drainage-area ratio method. For each station pair, specific statistical summarization (median, mean, and standard deviation) of both the exponent and bias-correction components of the drainage-area ratio method were computed. Statewide statistics (median, mean, and standard deviation) of the station-pair specific statistics subsequently were computed and are tabulated herein. A separate analysis considered conditioning station pairs to those stations within 100 miles of each other and with the absolute value of the logarithm (base-10) of the ratio of the drainage areas greater than or equal to 0.25. Statewide statistics of the conditional station-pair specific statistics were computed and are tabulated. The conditional analysis is preferable because of the anticipation that small separation distances reflect similar hydrologic conditions and the observation of large variation in exponent estimates for similar-sized drainage areas. The conditional analysis determined that the exponent is about 0.89 for streamflow percentiles from 0 to about 50 percent, is about 0.92 for percentiles from about 50 to about 65 percent, and is about 0.93 for percentiles from about 65 to about 85 percent. The exponent decreases rapidly to about 0.70 for percentiles nearing 100 percent. The computation of the bias-correction factor is sensitive to the range analysis interval (range of streamflow percentile); however, evidence suggests that in practice the drainage-area method can be considered unbiased. Finally, for general application, suggested values of the exponent are tabulated for 54 percentiles of daily mean streamflow in Texas; when these values are used, the bias correction is unity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065286","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Roussel, M.C., and Vrabel, J., 2006, Statewide analysis of the drainage-area ratio method for 34 streamflow percentile ranges in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5286, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065286.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065286.PNG"},{"id":327736,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5286/pdf/sir2006-5286.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9236,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5286/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47d6e4b07f02db4b3204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roussel, Meghan C. mroussel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roussel","given":"Meghan","email":"mroussel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vrabel, Joseph 0000-0002-8773-0764 jvrabel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8773-0764","contributorId":1577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrabel","given":"Joseph","email":"jvrabel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79608,"text":"sir20065312 - 2006 - A Streamflow Statistics (StreamStats) Web Application for Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"sir20065312","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5312","title":"A Streamflow Statistics (StreamStats) Web Application for Ohio","docAbstract":"A StreamStats Web application was developed for Ohio that implements equations for estimating a variety of streamflow statistics including the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year peak streamflows, mean annual streamflow, mean monthly streamflows, harmonic mean streamflow, and 25th-, 50th-, and 75th-percentile streamflows. StreamStats is a Web-based geographic information system application designed to facilitate the estimation of streamflow statistics at ungaged locations on streams. StreamStats can also serve precomputed streamflow statistics determined from streamflow-gaging station data. The basic structure, use, and limitations of StreamStats are described in this report.\r\n\r\nTo facilitate the level of automation required for Ohio's StreamStats application, the technique used by Koltun (2003)1 for computing main-channel slope was replaced with a new computationally robust technique. The new channel-slope characteristic, referred to as SL10-85, differed from the National Hydrography Data based channel slope values (SL) reported by Koltun (2003)1 by an average of -28.3 percent, with the median change being -13.2 percent. In spite of the differences, the two slope measures are strongly correlated.\r\n\r\nThe change in channel slope values resulting from the change in computational method necessitated revision of the full-model equations for flood-peak discharges originally presented by Koltun (2003)1. Average standard errors of prediction for the revised full-model equations presented in this report increased by a small amount over those reported by Koltun (2003)1, with increases ranging from 0.7 to 0.9 percent. Mean percentage changes in the revised regression and weighted flood-frequency estimates relative to regression and weighted estimates reported by Koltun (2003)1 were small, ranging from -0.72 to -0.25 percent and -0.22 to 0.07 percent, respectively.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065312","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., Kula, S.P., and Puskas, B.M., 2006, A Streamflow Statistics (StreamStats) Web Application for Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5312, vi, 62 P., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065312.","productDescription":"vi, 62 P.","numberOfPages":"68","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5312/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd496ae4b0b290850ef255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kula, Stephanie P. spkula@usgs.gov","contributorId":4666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Stephanie","email":"spkula@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puskas, Barry M.","contributorId":59889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puskas","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70176088,"text":"70176088 - 2006 - Show me the numbers: What data currently exist for non-native species in the USA?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T11:40:36","indexId":"70176088","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Show me the numbers: What data currently exist for non-native species in the USA?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Non-native species continue to be introduced to the United States from other countries via trade and transportation, creating a growing need for early detection and rapid response to new invaders. It is therefore increasingly important to synthesize existing data on non-native species abundance and distributions. However, no comprehensive analysis of existing data has been undertaken for non-native species, and there have been few efforts to improve collaboration. We therefore conducted a survey to determine what datasets currently exist for non-native species in the US from county, state, multi-state region, national, and global scales. We identified 319 datasets and collected metadata for 79% of these. Through this study, we provide a better understanding of extant non-native species datasets and identify data gaps (ie taxonomic, spatial, and temporal) to help guide future survey, research, and predictive modeling efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2006)4[414:SMTNWD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"1540-9295","usgsCitation":"Crall, A.W., Meyerson, L.A., Stohlgren, T.J., Jarnevich, C.S., Newman, G.J., and Graham, J., 2006, Show me the numbers: What data currently exist for non-native species in the USA?: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 4, no. 8, p. 414-418, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)4[414:SMTNWD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"414","endPage":"418","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/74","text":"External Repository"},{"id":327841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"4","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c016cde4b0f2f0ceb87365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crall, Alycia W.","contributorId":60123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crall","given":"Alycia","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyerson, Laura A.","contributorId":174048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyerson","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, Thomas J. 0000-0001-9696-4450 stohlgrent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9696-4450","contributorId":2902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"Thomas","email":"stohlgrent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newman, Gregory J.","contributorId":19487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, James","contributorId":83398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70179065,"text":"70179065 - 2006 - Forecasting runout of rock and debris avalanches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T13:31:46","indexId":"70179065","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Forecasting runout of rock and debris avalanches","docAbstract":"<p><span>Physically based mathematical models and statistically based empirical equations each may provide useful means of forecasting runout of rock and debris avalanches. This paper compares the foundations, strengths, and limitations of a physically based model and a statistically based forecasting method, both of which were developed to predict runout across three-dimensional topography. The chief advantage of the physically based model results from its ties to physical conservation laws and well-tested axioms of soil and rock mechanics, such as the Coulomb friction rule and effective-stress principle. The output of this model provides detailed information about the dynamics of avalanche runout, at the expense of high demands for accurate input data, numerical computation, and experimental testing. In comparison, the statistical method requires relatively modest computation and no input data except identification of prospective avalanche source areas and a range of postulated avalanche volumes. Like the physically based model, the statistical method yields maps of predicted runout, but it provides no information on runout dynamics. Although the two methods differ significantly in their structure and objectives, insights gained from one method can aid refinement of the other.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Landslides from Massive Rock Slope Failure. NATO Science Series, vol 49","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-4037-5_11","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 2006, Forecasting runout of rock and debris avalanches, <i>in</i> Landslides from Massive Rock Slope Failure. NATO Science Series, vol 49, p. 197-209, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4037-5_11.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"209","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e4e4b0e2663625ec9a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Evans, S.G.","contributorId":177469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655908,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mugnozza, G.S.","contributorId":177470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mugnozza","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655909,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, A.","contributorId":177471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strom","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655910,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hermanns, R.L.","contributorId":177472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hermanns","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655911,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79604,"text":"ofr20061396 - 2006 - Geophysical Studies Based on Gravity and Seismic Data of Tule Desert, Meadow Valley Wash, and California Wash Basins, Southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:36","indexId":"ofr20061396","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1396","title":"Geophysical Studies Based on Gravity and Seismic Data of Tule Desert, Meadow Valley Wash, and California Wash Basins, Southern Nevada","docAbstract":"Gravity and seismic data from Tule Desert, Meadow Valley Wash, and California Wash, Nevada, provide insight into the subsurface geometry of these three basins that lie adjacent to rapidly developing areas of Clark County, Nevada. Each of the basins is the product of Tertiary extension accommodated with the general form of north-south oriented, asymmetrically-faulted half-grabens. Geophysical inversion of gravity observations indicates that Tule Desert and Meadow Valley Wash basins are segmented into subbasins by shallow, buried basement highs. In this study, basement refers to pre-Cenozoic bedrock units that underlie basins filled with Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic units. In Tule Desert, a small, buried basement high inferred from gravity data appears to be a horst whose placement is consistent with seismic reflection and magnetotelluric observations. Meadow Valley Wash consists of three subbasins separated by basement highs at structural zones that accommodated different styles of extension of the adjacent subbasins, an interpretation consistent with geologic mapping of fault traces oblique to the predominant north-south fault orientation of Tertiary extension in this area. California Wash is a single structural basin. The three seismic reflection lines analyzed in this study image the sedimentary basin fill, and they allow identification of faults that offset basin deposits and underlying basement. The degree of faulting and folding of the basin-fill deposits increases with depth. Pre-Cenozoic units are observed in some of the seismic reflection lines, but their reflections are generally of poor quality or are absent. Factors that degrade seismic reflector quality in this area are rough land topography due to erosion, deformed sedimentary units at the land surface, rock layers that dip out of the plane of the seismic profile, and the presence of volcanic units that obscure underlying reflectors. Geophysical methods illustrate that basin geometry is more complicated than would be inferred from extrapolation of surface topography and geology, and these methods aid in defining a three-dimensional framework to understand groundwater storage and flow in southern Nevada.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061396","collaboration":"In Cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Scheirer, D., Page, W.R., and Miller, J.J., 2006, Geophysical Studies Based on Gravity and Seismic Data of Tule Desert, Meadow Valley Wash, and California Wash Basins, Southern Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1396, 44 p.; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061396.","productDescription":"44 p.; data files","numberOfPages":"44","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9226,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1396/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115,36.1 ], [ -115,37.3 ], [ -114,37.3 ], [ -114,36.1 ], [ -115,36.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c466","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scheirer, Daniel S. dscheirer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheirer","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dscheirer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, John J. 0000-0002-9098-0967 jmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-0967","contributorId":3785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"John","email":"jmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79593,"text":"ds235 - 2006 - Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2006: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-13T15:06:37.222453","indexId":"ds235","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"235","title":"Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2006: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","docAbstract":"<h1 class=\"p1\">Significant Findings&nbsp;</h1>\n<p class=\"p2\">When water is released through the spillways of dams, air is entrained in the water, increasing the downstream concentration of dissolved gases. Excess dissolved-gas concentrations can have ad-verse effects on freshwater aquatic life. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, collected dissolved-gas concentration and water-temperature data at eight stations on the lower Columbia River in 2006. Significant findings from the data include:&nbsp;</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Variances to the Oregon and Washington water-quality standards for total dissolved gas were exceeded at all of the monitoring stations: Cascade Island (67 days), Camas (60 days), Bonneville forebay (51 days), The Dalles forebay (36 days), John Day tailwater (35 days), John Day navigation lock (20 days), The Dalles tailwater (8 days), and Warrendale (4 days).&nbsp;</li>\n<li>From early July to the end of August 2006, water temperatures were above 20&deg;C (degrees Celsius) at each of the eight lower Columbia River stations. According to the Oregon temperature standard, the 7-day average maximum temperature of the lower Columbia River should not exceed 20&deg;C; Washington regulations state that the 1-day maximum should not exceed 20&deg;C due to human activities.&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Most field checks of total-dissolved-gas sensors with a secondary standard were within &plusmn; (plus or minus) 1% saturation. All of the field checks of barometric pressure were within &plusmn;1 millimeter of mercury of a secondary standard, and water temperature field checks were all within &plusmn;0.2&deg;C.&nbsp;</li>\n<li>For the eight monitoring stations in water year 2006, an average of 99.1% of the total-dissolved-gas data were received in real time by the USGS satellite downlink and were within 1% saturation of the expected value on the basis of calibration data, replicate quality-control measurements in the river, and comparison to ambient river conditions at adjacent stations.&nbsp;</li>\n</ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds235","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Tanner, D.Q., Bragg, H., and Johnston, M.W., 2006, Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2006: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 235, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds235.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420764,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80588.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":310701,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/235/pdf/ds235.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":9214,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/235/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.48657226562499,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.18994140624999,\n              45.644768217751924\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              45.740693395533064\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53625488281249,\n              45.75985868785574\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2176513671875,\n              45.729191061299936\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0638427734375,\n              45.68315803253308\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.7452392578125,\n              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]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629b25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, Dwight Q.","contributorId":93452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragg, Heather M. hmbragg@usgs.gov","contributorId":428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Heather M.","email":"hmbragg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, Matthew W. mattj@usgs.gov","contributorId":3066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Matthew","email":"mattj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science 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,{"id":79590,"text":"fs20063136 - 2006 - Monitoring Inland Storm Surge and Flooding from Hurricane Rita","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"fs20063136","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3136","title":"Monitoring Inland Storm Surge and Flooding from Hurricane Rita","docAbstract":"Pressure transducers (sensors) and high-water marks were used to document the inland water levels related to storm surge generated by Hurricane Rita in southwestern Louisiana and southeastern Texas. On September 22-23, 2005, an experimental monitoring network of sensors was deployed at 33 sites over an area of about 4,000 square miles to record the timing, extent, and magnitude of inland hurricane storm surge and coastal flooding. Sensors were programmed to record date and time, temperature, and barometric or water pressure. Water pressure was corrected for changes in barometric pressure and salinity. Elevation surveys using global-positioning systems and differential levels were used to relate all storm-surge water-level data, reference marks, benchmarks, sensor measuring points, and high-water marks to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). The resulting data indicated that storm-surge water levels over 14 feet above NAVD 88 occurred at three locations, and rates of water-level rise greater than 5 feet per hour occurred at three locations near the Louisiana coast.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20063136","usgsCitation":"McGee, B.D., Tollett, R.W., and Mason, 2006, Monitoring Inland Storm Surge and Flooding from Hurricane Rita (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3136, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063136.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3136.jpg"},{"id":9209,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6991db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, Benton D. bdmcgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Benton","email":"bdmcgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tollett, Roland W. 0000-0002-4726-5845 rtollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-5845","contributorId":1896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollett","given":"Roland","email":"rtollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, Jr. 0000-0002-3998-3468 rrmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-3468","contributorId":2090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rrmason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79588,"text":"sir20065261 - 2006 - Arsenic, Boron, and Fluoride Concentrations in Ground Water in and Near Diabase Intrusions, Newark Basin, Southeastern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T13:49:39","indexId":"sir20065261","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5261","title":"Arsenic, Boron, and Fluoride Concentrations in Ground Water in and Near Diabase Intrusions, Newark Basin, Southeastern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"During an investigation in 2000 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) of possible contaminant releases from an industrial facility on Congo Road near Gilbertsville in Berks and Montgomery Counties, southeastern Pennsylvania, concentrations of arsenic and fluoride above USEPA drinking-water standards of 10 ?g/L and 4 mg/L, respectively, and of boron above the USEPA health advisory level of 600 ?g/L were measured in ground water in an area along the northwestern edge of the Newark Basin. In 2003, the USEPA requested technical assistance from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to help identify sources of arsenic, boron, and fluoride in the ground water in the Congo Road area, which included possible anthropogenic releases and naturally occurring mineralization in the local bedrock aquifer, and to identify other areas in the Newark Basin of southeastern Pennsylvania with similarly elevated concentrations of these constituents. The USGS reviewed available data and collected additional ground-water samples in the Congo Road area and four similar hydrogeologic settings. \r\n\r\nThe Newark Basin is the largest of the 13 major exposed Mesozoic rift basins that stretch from Nova Scotia to South Carolina. Rocks in the Newark Basin include Triassic through Jurassic-age sedimentary sequences of sandstones and shales that were intruded by diabase. Mineral deposits of hydrothermal origin are associated with alteration zones bordering intrusions of diabase and also occur as strata-bound replacement deposits of copper and zinc in sedimentary rocks. \r\n\r\nThe USGS review of data available in 2003 showed that water from about 10 percent of wells throughout the Newark Basin of southeastern Pennsylvania had concentrations of arsenic greater than the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 ?g/L; the highest reported arsenic concentration was at about 70 ?g/L. Few data on boron were available, and the highest reported boron concentration in well-water samples was 60 ?g/L in contrast to concentrations over 5,000 ?g/L in the Congo Road area. Although concentrations of fluoride up to 4 mg/L were reported for a few well-water samples collected throughout the Newark Basin, about 90 percent of the samples had concentrations of 0.5 mg/L or less. \r\n\r\nThe USGS sampled 58 wells primarily in 5 areas in the Newark Basin, southeastern Pennsylvania, from February 2004 through April 2005 to identify other possible areas of elevated arsenic, boron, and fluoride and to characterize the geochemical environment associated with elevated concentrations of these constituents. Sampled wells included 12 monitor wells at an industrial facility near Congo Road, 45 private-supply wells in Berks, Montgomery, and Bucks Counties, and 1 private-supply well near Dillsburg, York County, an area where elevated fluoride in ground water had been reported in the adjacent Gettysburg Basin. Wells were sampled in transects from the diabase through the adjacent hornfels and into the unaltered shales of the Brunswick Group. Field measurements were made of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and specific conductance. Samples were analyzed in the laboratory for major ions, nutrients, total organic carbon, dissolved and total concentrations of selected trace elements, and boron isotopic composition. \r\n\r\nGenerally, the ground water from the 46 private-supply wells had relatively neutral to alkaline pH (ranging from 6.1 to 9.1) and moderate concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Most water samples were of the calcium-bicarbonate type. Concentrations of arsenic up to 60 ?g/L, boron up to 3,950 ?g/L, and fluoride up to 0.70 mg/L were measured. Drinking-water standards or health advisories (for constituents that do not have standards established) were exceeded most frequently (about 20 percent of samples) for arsenic and boron and less frequently (6 percent or less of samples) for total iron, manganese, sulfate, nitrate, lead, molybdenum, and strontium. In water from 12 monitor","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065261","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., and Sloto, R.A., 2006, Arsenic, Boron, and Fluoride Concentrations in Ground Water in and Near Diabase Intrusions, Newark Basin, Southeastern Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5261, x, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065261.","productDescription":"x, 105 p.","numberOfPages":"115","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9207,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.0,40.0 ], [ -76.0,41.0 ], [ -74.30,41.0 ], [ -74.30,40.0 ], [ -76.0,40.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senior, Lisa A. 0000-0003-2629-1996 lasenior@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-1996","contributorId":2150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"Lisa","email":"lasenior@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79583,"text":"tm4B4 - 2006 - User's manual for Program PeakFQ, annual flood-frequency analysis using Bulletin 17B guidelines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-07T14:14:54.157507","indexId":"tm4B4","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-B4","title":"User's manual for Program PeakFQ, annual flood-frequency analysis using Bulletin 17B guidelines","docAbstract":"Estimates of flood flows having given recurrence intervals or probabilities of exceedance are needed for design of hydraulic structures and floodplain management. Program PeakFQ provides estimates of instantaneous annual-maximum peak flows having recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 years (annual-exceedance probabilities of 0.50, 0.20, 0.10, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, and 0.002, respectively). As implemented in program PeakFQ, the Pearson Type III frequency distribution is fit to the logarithms of instantaneous annual peak flows following Bulletin 17B guidelines of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data. The parameters of the Pearson Type III frequency curve are estimated by the logarithmic sample moments (mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of skewness), with adjustments for low outliers, high outliers, historic peaks, and generalized skew. This documentation provides an overview of the computational procedures in program PeakFQ, provides a description of the program menus, and provides an example of the output from the program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm4B4","usgsCitation":"Flynn, K.M., Kirby, W.H., and Hummel, P.R., 2006, User's manual for Program PeakFQ, annual flood-frequency analysis using Bulletin 17B guidelines: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-B4, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4B4.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":482963,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm4b4/tm4b4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":194963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9202,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm4b4/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de17f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flynn, Kathleen M.","contributorId":43756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirby, William H.","contributorId":7294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hummel, Paul R.","contributorId":58728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hummel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79581,"text":"tm4A7 - 2006 - Kendall-Theil Robust Line (KTRLine--version 1.0)-A Visual Basic Program for Calculating and Graphing Robust Nonparametric Estimates of Linear-Regression Coefficients Between Two Continuous Variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"tm4A7","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-A7","title":"Kendall-Theil Robust Line (KTRLine--version 1.0)-A Visual Basic Program for Calculating and Graphing Robust Nonparametric Estimates of Linear-Regression Coefficients Between Two Continuous Variables","docAbstract":"The Kendall-Theil Robust Line software (KTRLine-version 1.0) is a Visual Basic program that may be used with the Microsoft Windows operating system to calculate parameters for robust, nonparametric estimates of linear-regression coefficients between two continuous variables. The KTRLine software was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, for use in stochastic data modeling with local, regional, and national hydrologic data sets to develop planning-level estimates of potential effects of highway runoff on the quality of receiving waters. The Kendall-Theil robust line was selected because this robust nonparametric method is resistant to the effects of outliers and nonnormality in residuals that commonly characterize hydrologic data sets. The slope of the line is calculated as the median of all possible pairwise slopes between points. The intercept is calculated so that the line will run through the median of input data. A single-line model or a multisegment model may be specified. \r\n\r\nThe program was developed to provide regression equations with an error component for stochastic data generation because nonparametric multisegment regression tools are not available with the software that is commonly used to develop regression models. The Kendall-Theil robust line is a median line and, therefore, may underestimate total mass, volume, or loads unless the error component or a bias correction factor is incorporated into the estimate. Regression statistics such as the median error, the median absolute deviation, the prediction error sum of squares, the root mean square error, the confidence interval for the slope, and the bias correction factor for median estimates are calculated by use of nonparametric methods. These statistics, however, may be used to formulate estimates of mass, volume, or total loads.\r\n\r\nThe program is used to read a two- or three-column tab-delimited input file with variable names in the first row and data in subsequent rows. The user may choose the columns that contain the independent (X) and dependent (Y) variable. A third column, if present, may contain metadata such as the sample-collection location and date. The program screens the input files and plots the data. The KTRLine software is a graphical tool that facilitates development of regression models by use of graphs of the regression line with data, the regression residuals (with X or Y), and percentile plots of the cumulative frequency of the X variable, Y variable, and the regression residuals. The user may individually transform the independent and dependent variables to reduce heteroscedasticity and to linearize data. The program plots the data and the regression line. The program also prints model specifications and regression statistics to the screen. The user may save and print the regression results. The program can accept data sets that contain up to about 15,000 XY data points, but because the program must sort the array of all pairwise slopes, the program may be perceptibly slow with data sets that contain more than about 1,000 points.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tm4A7","collaboration":"Chapter 7\r\nSection A, Statistical Analysis,\r\nBook 4, Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation\r\n\r\nPrepared in cooperation with the\r\nU.S. Department of Transportation\r\nFederal Highway Administration\r\nOffice of Natural and Human Environment ","usgsCitation":"Granato, G., 2006, Kendall-Theil Robust Line (KTRLine--version 1.0)-A Visual Basic Program for Calculating and Graphing Robust Nonparametric Estimates of Linear-Regression Coefficients Between Two Continuous Variables: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-A7, vi, 31 p.; software program, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4A7.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.; software program","numberOfPages":"37","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438860,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76972RX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"KTRLine: Kendall-Theil Robust Line software support page"},{"id":194920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9200,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm4a7/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79575,"text":"fs20063113 - 2006 - Monitoring for methane gas in Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah, 1995-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T18:48:10","indexId":"fs20063113","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3113","title":"Monitoring for methane gas in Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah, 1995-2003","docAbstract":"The release of methane gas from coal beds creates the potential for it to move into near-surface environments through natural and human-made pathways. To help ensure the safety of communities and determine the potential effects of development of coal-bed resources, methane gas concentrations in soils and ground water in Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah, were monitored from 1995 to 2003. A total of 420 samples were collected, which contained an average methane concentration of 2,740 parts per million by volume (ppmv) and a median concentration of less than 10 ppmv. On the basis of spatial and temporal methane concentration data collected during the monitoring period, there does not appear to be an obvious, widespread, or consistent migration of methane gas to the near-surface environment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/fs20063113","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil, Gas, and Mining","usgsCitation":"Burr, A.L., Stolp, B.J., Johnson, K.K., and Hunt, G.L., 2006, Monitoring for methane gas in Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah, 1995-2003 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3113, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063113.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3113.jpg"},{"id":9194,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3113/PDF/FS2006-3113.pdf","size":"948 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Carbon County, Emery County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.77490234375,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.77490234375,\n              39.977120098439634\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50048828124999,\n              39.977120098439634\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50048828124999,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.77490234375,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burr, Andrew L.","contributorId":37843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stolp, Bernard J. 0000-0003-3803-1497 bjstolp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-1497","contributorId":963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolp","given":"Bernard","email":"bjstolp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Kevin K. 0000-0003-2703-5994 johnsonk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2703-5994","contributorId":4220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kevin","email":"johnsonk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Gilbert L.","contributorId":61413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Gilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79571,"text":"sir20065045 - 2006 - Ground-Water Contributions to Reservoir Storage and the Effect on Estimates of Firm Yield for Reservoirs in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"sir20065045","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5045","title":"Ground-Water Contributions to Reservoir Storage and the Effect on Estimates of Firm Yield for Reservoirs in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Potential ground-water contributions to reservoir storage were determined for nine reservoirs in Massachusetts that had shorelines in contact with sand and gravel aquifers. The effect of ground water on firm yield was not only substantial, but furthermore, the firm yield of a reservoir in contact with a sand and gravel aquifer was always greater when the ground-water contribution was included in the water balance. Increases in firm yield ranged from 2 to 113 percent, with a median increase in firm yield of 10 percent. Additionally, the increase in firm yield in two reservoirs was greater than 85 percent. \r\n\r\nThis study identified a set of equations that are based on an analytical solution to the ground-water-flow equation for the case of one-dimensional flow in a finite-width aquifer bounded by a linear surface-water feature such as a stream. These equations, which require only five input variables, were incorporated into an existing firm-yield-estimator (FYE) model, and the potential effect of ground water on firm yield was evaluated. To apply the FYE model to a reservoir in Massachusetts, the model requires that the drainage area to the reservoir be clearly defined and that some surface water flows into the reservoir. For surface-water-body shapes having a more realistic representation of a reservoir shoreline than a stream, a comparison of ground-water-flow rates simulated by the ground-water equations with flow rates simulated by a two-dimensional, finite-difference ground-water-flow model indicate that the agreement between the simulated flow rates is within ?10 percent when the ratio of the distance from the reservoir shoreline to the aquifer boundary to the length of shoreline in contact with the aquifer is between values of 0.5 and 3.5.\r\n\r\nIdealized reservoir-aquifer systems were assumed to verify that the ground-water-flow equations were implemented correctly into the existing FYE model; however, the modified FYE model has not been validated through a comparison of simulated and observed data. A comparison of simulated and observed reservoir water levels would further define limitations to the applicability of the ground-water-flow equations to reservoirs in Massachusetts whose shorelines are in contact with a sand and gravel aquifer. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with theMassachusetts Department of Environmental Protection.","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., and Carlson, C.S., 2006, Ground-Water Contributions to Reservoir Storage and the Effect on Estimates of Firm Yield for Reservoirs in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5045, viii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065045.","productDescription":"viii, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9190,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Carl S. 0000-0001-7142-3519 cscarlso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3519","contributorId":1694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Carl","email":"cscarlso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79568,"text":"sir20065164 - 2006 - Losses and Gains for Eight Unlined Canals Along the Purgatoire River near Trinidad, Colorado, 2000-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"sir20065164","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5164","title":"Losses and Gains for Eight Unlined Canals Along the Purgatoire River near Trinidad, Colorado, 2000-2004","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a field study from July 2000 through June 2004, in cooperation with the Purgatoire River Water Conservancy District, Colorado Water Conservation Board, and Bureau of Reclamation, to characterize and quantify losses and gains in Picketwire, Baca, El Moro, Chilili, Enlarged Southside, Model, John Flood, and Hoehne irrigation canals. These canals divert streamflow from the Purgatoire River between Trinidad Dam and the city of Hoehne, Colorado. Discharge measurements were made along the eight canals during steady-state conditions to identify subreaches with losses or gains. Losses and gains were computed between main-channel measurement sites along each canal by equating inflows to outflows plus flow loss or gain in the subreach. As part of this study, multiple discharge measurements also were made at Picketwire, El Moro, Chilili, Enlarged Southside, Model, John Flood, and Hoehne canal headgates to compare standard Parshall flume-rated and measured discharge at the canal headgates.\r\n\r\nResults from the discharge measurements showed that Picketwire, Chilili, and Hoehne Canals generally lose flow from the headgate to the end of the canal, although some subreaches showed gains during some measurements. Losses in Picketwire Canal ranged from about 7 percent to about 23 percent of the headgate inflow, and Chilili Canal losses ranged from about 2 percent to about 34 percent of the headgate inflow. Hoehne Canal losses ranged from only about 2 to 7 percent of the headgate inflow, which is within the uncertainty of the measurements.\r\n\r\nEl Moro Canal appears to lose flow in some subreaches and gain flow in other subreaches. Despite gains in some subreaches, measurements show flow losses of about 28 percent of the headgate inflow for the entire El Moro Canal.\r\n\r\nLosses and gains in Baca, Picketwire, Chilili, and Enlarged Southside canals may be affected by the length of time that the canal has been flowing. Losses in these canals appear to decrease the longer the canal has been continuously flowing. In some cases, subreaches of some of these canals go from losing to gaining flow.\r\n\r\nUnlike some of the other canals, losses and gains in El Moro and John Flood Canal do not appear to be related to how long the canal was flowing before the measurements were made. Losses and gains in El Moro Canal are probably related to the physical attributes of the canal, such as the canal construction and proximity to other canals. Field data indicate that El Moro Canal gains flow from and loses flow to other canals.\r\n\r\nMeasurements made from the Model Canal headgate to Model Reservoir show canal losses and gains ranging from 1 to 5 percent of the headgate inflow, which is less than the uncertainty of the measurements. However, measured canal losses and gains from Model Canal downstream from Model Reservoir ranged from a loss of 59 percent to a gain of 1 percent of the subreach inflow.\r\n\r\nMeasured discharges at the canal headgates were usually higher than the discharges determined using the standard Parshall flume discharge tables. Of the 102 discharge measurements made at the canal headgates, 72 of the measured discharges were higher than the corresponding discharges determined using the standard Parshall flume discharge tables. This means that about 70 percent of the time, the amount of flow that was diverted into the canals was underreported. All measured discharges at the Picketwire and El Moro headgates were higher than the corresponding flume-rated discharges, and all but one measured discharge at the Chilili headgate were higher than the corresponding flume-rated discharges. Discharges measured at the remaining headgates varied from 14 percent lower to 27 percent higher than the corresponding flume-rated discharges.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065164","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Purgatoire River Water Conservancy District, Colorado Water Conservation Board, and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Miller, L.D., 2006, Losses and Gains for Eight Unlined Canals Along the Purgatoire River near Trinidad, Colorado, 2000-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5164, v, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065164.","productDescription":"v, 59 p.","numberOfPages":"64","temporalStart":"2000-07-01","temporalEnd":"2004-06-30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9188,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5164/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640d66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Lisa D. 0000-0002-3523-0768 ldmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0768","contributorId":1125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Lisa","email":"ldmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79572,"text":"sir20065162 - 2006 - Hydrogeomorphic Classification of Wetlands on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, Including Hydrologic Susceptibility Factors for Wetlands in Acadia National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"sir20065162","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5162","title":"Hydrogeomorphic Classification of Wetlands on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, Including Hydrologic Susceptibility Factors for Wetlands in Acadia National Park","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Park Service, developed a hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classification system for wetlands greater than 0.4 hectares (ha) on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, and applied this classification using map-scale data to more than 1,200 mapped wetland units on the island. In addition, two hydrologic susceptibility factors were defined for a subset of these wetlands, using 11 variables derived from landscape-scale characteristics of the catchment areas of these wetlands. The hydrologic susceptibility factors, one related to the potential hydrologic pathways for contaminants and the other to the susceptibility of wetlands to disruptions in water supply from projected future changes in climate, were used to indicate which wetlands (greater than 1 ha) in Acadia National Park (ANP) may warrant further investigation or monitoring.\r\n\r\nThe HGM classification system consists of 13 categories: Riverine-Upper Perennial, Riverine-Nonperennial, Riverine- Tidal, Depressional-Closed, Depressional-Semiclosed, Depressional-Open, Depressional-No Ground-Water Input, Mineral Soil Flat, Organic Soil Flat, Tidal Fringe, Lacustrine Fringe, Slope, and Hilltop/Upper Hillslope. A dichotomous key was developed to aid in the classification of wetlands. The National Wetland Inventory maps produced by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided the wetland mapping units used for this classification. On the basis of topographic map information and geographic information system (GIS) layers at a scale of 1:24,000 or larger, 1,202 wetland units were assigned a preliminary HGM classification. Two of the 13 HGM classes (Riverine-Tidal and Depressional-No Ground-Water Input) were not assigned to any wetlands because criteria for determining those classes are not available at that map scale, and must be determined by more site-specific information. Of the 1,202 wetland polygons classified, which cover 1,830 ha in ANP, 327 were classified as Slope, 258 were Depressional (Open, Semiclosed, and Closed), 231 were Riverine (Upper Perennial and Nonperennial), 210 were Soil Flat (Mineral and Organic), 68 were Lacustrine Fringe, 51 were Tidal Fringe, 22 were Hilltop/Upper Hillslope, and another 35 were small open water bodies. Most small, isolated wetlands classified on the island are Slope wetlands. The least common, Hilltop/Upper Hillslope wetlands, only occur on a few hilltops and shoulders of hills and mountains. Large wetland complexes generally consist of groups of Depressional wetlands and Mineral Soil Flat or Organic Soil Flat wetlands, often with fringing Slope wetlands at their edges and Riverine wetlands near streams flowing through them.\r\n\r\nThe two analyses of wetland hydrologic susceptibility on Mt. Desert Island were applied to 186 wetlands located partially or entirely within ANP. These analyses were conducted using individually mapped catchments for each wetland. The 186 wetlands were aggregated from the original 1,202 mapped wetland polygons on the basis of their HGM classes. Landscape-level hydrologic, geomorphic, and soil variables were defined for the catchments of the wetlands, and transformed into scaled scores from 0 to 10 for each variable. The variables included area of the wetland, area of the catchment, area of the wetland divided by the area of the catchment, the average topographic slope of the catchment, the amount of the catchment where bedrock crops out with no soil cover or excessively thin soil cover, the amount of storage (in lakes and wetlands) in the catchment, the topographic relief of the catchment, the amount of clay-rich soil in the catchment, the amount of manmade impervious surface, whether the wetland had a stream inflow, and whether the wetland had a hydraulic connection to a lake or estuary. These data were determined using a GIS and data layers mapped at a scale of 1:24,000 or larger.\r\n\r\nThese landscape variables were combined in different ways for the two hydrologic susceptibility fact","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, M.G., 2006, Hydrogeomorphic Classification of Wetlands on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, Including Hydrologic Susceptibility Factors for Wetlands in Acadia National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5162, v, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065162.","productDescription":"v, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"77","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9191,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db61477a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79573,"text":"ofr20061245 - 2006 - Quality-Assurance Data for Routine Water Analyses by the U.S. Geological Survey Laboratory in Troy, New York-July 1997 through June 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20061245","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1245","title":"Quality-Assurance Data for Routine Water Analyses by the U.S. Geological Survey Laboratory in Troy, New York-July 1997 through June 1999","docAbstract":"The laboratory for analysis of low-ionic-strength water at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science Center in Troy, N.Y., analyzes samples collected by USGS projects throughout the Northeast. The laboratory's quality-assurance program is based on internal and interlaboratory quality-assurance samples and quality-control procedures that were developed to ensure proper sample collection, processing, and analysis. The quality-assurance/quality-control data for the time period addressed in this report were stored in the laboratory's SAS data-management system, which provides efficient review, compilation, and plotting of data. This report presents and discusses results of quality-assurance and quality- control samples analyzed from July 1997 through June 1999.\r\n\r\nResults for the quality-control samples for 18 analytical procedures were evaluated for bias and precision. Control charts indicate that data for eight of the analytical procedures were occasionally biased for either high-concentration and (or) low-concentration samples but were within control limits; these procedures were: acid-neutralizing capacity, total monomeric aluminum, total aluminum, ammonium, calcium, chloride, specific conductance, and sulfate. The data from the potassium and sodium analytical procedures are insufficient for evaluation. Results from the filter-blank and analytical-blank analyses indicate that the procedures for 11 of 13 analytes were within control limits, although the concentrations for blanks were occasionally outside the control limits. Blank analysis results for chloride showed that 22 percent of blanks did not meet data-quality objectives and results for dissolved organic carbon showed that 31 percent of the blanks did not meet data-quality objectives.\r\n\r\nSampling and analysis precision are evaluated herein in terms of the coefficient of variation obtained for triplicate samples in the procedures for 14 of the 18 analytes. At least 90 percent of the samples met data-quality objectives for all analytes except total aluminum (70 percent of samples met objectives) and potassium (83 percent of samples met objectives).\r\n\r\nResults of the USGS interlaboratory Standard Reference Sample (SRS) Project indicated good data quality for most constituents over the time period. The P-sample (low-ionic-strength constituents) analysis had good ratings in two of these studies and a satisfactory rating in the third. The results of the T-sample (trace constituents) analysis indicated high data quality with good ratings in all three studies. The N-sample (nutrient constituents) studies had one each of excellent, good, and satisfactory ratings.\r\n\r\nResults of Environment Canada's National Water Research Institute (NWRI) program indicated that at least 80 percent of the samples met data-quality objectives for 9 of the 13 analytes; the exceptions were dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, chloride, and specific conductance. Data-quality objectives were not met for dissolved organic carbon in two NWRI studies, but all of the samples were within control limits for the last study. Data-quality objectives were not met in 41 percent of samples analyzed for ammonium, 25 percent of samples analyzed for chloride, and 30 percent of samples analyzed for specific conductance.\r\n\r\nResults from blind reference-sample analyses indicated that data-quality objectives were met by at least 84 percent of the samples analyzed for calcium, chloride, magnesium, pH, and potassium. Data-quality objectives were met by 73 percent of those analyzed for sulfate. The data-quality objective was not met for sodium. The data are insufficient for evaluation of the specific conductance results.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061245","usgsCitation":"Lincoln, T.A., Horan-Ross, D.A., McHale, M.R., and Lawrence, G.B., 2006, Quality-Assurance Data for Routine Water Analyses by the U.S. Geological Survey Laboratory in Troy, New York-July 1997 through June 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1245, vi, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061245.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1997-07-01","temporalEnd":"1999-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9192,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1245/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e4fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lincoln, Tricia A. tarenga@usgs.gov","contributorId":3803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lincoln","given":"Tricia","email":"tarenga@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horan-Ross, Debra A. dhross@usgs.gov","contributorId":3809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horan-Ross","given":"Debra","email":"dhross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHale, Michael R. 0000-0003-3780-1816 mmchale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-1816","contributorId":1735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Michael","email":"mmchale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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