The San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California is one of the world’s most productive agricultural regions. Reliance on groundwater has led to some of the greatest rates of human-induced land subsidence in the world in the 20th century, as well as more recently. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has recently developed an integrated surface–subsurface hydrologic model, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model 2 (CVHM2), that represents the major components of the hydrologic system of California’s Central Valley. In this study, CVHM2 was applied as a decision support tool while simulating various management strategies to mitigate the land subsidence caused by the extraction of groundwater. CVHM2 was extended through to 2073 and applied to simulate management scenarios in terms of three primary drivers and their impact on subsidence along the Delta–Mendota Canal (DMC), a critical piece of infrastructure in the western SJV. The drivers considered were agricultural water demands, managed aquifer recharge (MAR), and changes in future climate. The results show that future subsidence is most sensitive to water demands, second most sensitive to future changes in climate, and relatively insensitive to MAR when it is applied as a surface application in the western SJV. However, we demonstrate via proof-of-concept scenarios that the MAR is capable of arresting subsidence when implemented via injection below the Corcoran Clay Member of the Tulare Formation instead of as a surface application. We also examine the uncertainty that is the result of climate variability and how to use the tool to identify the most appropriate strategies to constrain future subsidence to acceptable levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w17081120","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K., Quinn, N., and Traum, J.A., 2025, Central Valley Hydrologic Model version 2 (CVHM2): Decision support tool for groundwater and land subsidence management: Water, v. 17, no. 8, 1120, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w17081120.","productDescription":"1120, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175116","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w17081120","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.73121499117096,\n 38.53799288965703\n ],\n [\n -120.87600359152006,\n 36.83520659574968\n ],\n [\n -119.56082081779095,\n 35.04449080764874\n ],\n [\n -118.38309238355373,\n 35.35382368503207\n ],\n [\n -120.95162530913443,\n 38.878303068488464\n ],\n [\n -121.73121499117096,\n 38.53799288965703\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Kirk","contributorId":360939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":27228,"text":"Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinn, Nigel","contributorId":360940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Nigel","affiliations":[{"id":86123,"text":"Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273025,"text":"70273025 - 2025 - Environmental conditions influencing the abundance of the salmonid ectoparasite Salmincola californiensis across upper Willamette River Reservoirs, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T14:46:55.827369","indexId":"70273025","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-07T08:38:09","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":860,"text":"Aquatic Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Environmental conditions influencing the abundance of the salmonid ectoparasite Salmincola californiensis across upper Willamette River Reservoirs, Oregon","title":"Environmental conditions influencing the abundance of the salmonid ectoparasite Salmincola californiensis across upper Willamette River Reservoirs, Oregon","docAbstract":"The freshwater copepod Salmincola californiensis is an ectoparasite of Pacific salmon and trout (Oncorhynchus spp.). High levels of infection by this parasite can significantly damage gills and result in blood loss, affecting the fitness and survival of hosts, and it may hinder recovery efforts of threatened and endangered salmonids. Juvenile salmonids that rear in reservoirs have been reported to experience higher rates of infection than their stream-dwelling counterparts. To date, the relationship between reservoir environmental conditions and infection rates remains poorly understood. Here, we evaluated sampling methods designed to capture S. californiensis copepodids, the free-swimming infectious life stage of this parasitic copepod, and develop predictive models of parasite abundance in reservoirs. We used light traps to collect 675 zooplankton samples from various sites and depths in Cougar, Lookout Point, and Fall Creek reservoirs, Oregon, USA during five months in 2020. We tested several predictive models of parasite abundance using environmental covariates obtained concurrently during plankton surveys (e.g., temperature, ambient light and water clarity, reservoir plankton profiles, and water flow). Our models showed a strong influence of water temperature on abundance of copepodids, with maximum initial abundance occurring at the mean water temperature 15.2 °C. At that temperature, August abundance was estimated to be 58.6 copepodids per site in Cougar Reservoir, 43.8 copepodids per site in Fall Creek Reservoir, and 3.5 copepodids per site in Lookout Point Reservoir. Water temperature and reservoir outflow both affected population growth of copepodids: increased water temperature was associated with an increase in population growth rate while an increased reservoir outflow was associated with a decrease in population growth rate. The efficacy of our sampling method was influenced by percent of moon fullness, whether the sample site was above or below the thermocline, water temperature, and number of juvenile sculpin fishes (Cottus spp.) captured in the trap. The mean probability of detecting a single copepodid if one was present was 0.042, but detection probability increased to 0.29 under ideal trap set conditions of warmer water, location above the thermocline, and a full moon. Biologists and managers could use these methods to assess the presence and abundance of S. californiensis in other locations, or to inform reservoir operations to reduce potential salmonid infections.
","language":"English","publisher":"Peer J","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19228","usgsCitation":"Antonelli, K., Murphy, C.A., Pollock, A.M., and Arismendi, I., 2025, Environmental conditions influencing the abundance of the salmonid ectoparasite Salmincola californiensis across upper Willamette River Reservoirs, Oregon: Aquatic Biology, v. 13, e19228, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19228.","productDescription":"e19228, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172281","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497701,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19228","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"upper Willamette River reservoirs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.32050813525171,\n 44.19989455893608\n ],\n [\n -123.32050813525171,\n 44.045490802329965\n ],\n [\n -122.8991546943831,\n 44.045490802329965\n ],\n [\n -122.8991546943831,\n 44.19989455893608\n ],\n [\n -123.32050813525171,\n 44.19989455893608\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antonelli, Kelsi","contributorId":341106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antonelli","given":"Kelsi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Christina Amy 0000-0002-3467-6610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-6610","contributorId":335232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, Amanda M.M.","contributorId":363932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Amanda","middleInitial":"M.M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arismendi, Ivan","contributorId":341108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arismendi","given":"Ivan","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70264969,"text":"70264969 - 2025 - Nanometer-scale relationships between sedimentary organic matter molecular composition, fluorescence, cathodoluminescence, and reflectance: The importance of oxygen content at low thermal maturities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-07T15:21:16.156202","indexId":"70264969","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-04T10:19:21","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nanometer-scale relationships between sedimentary organic matter molecular composition, fluorescence, cathodoluminescence, and reflectance: The importance of oxygen content at low thermal maturities","docAbstract":"Molecular characterization of sedimentary organic matter (SOM), termed macerals, is a common goal when seeking to understand petroleum generation as well as other geologic processes in deep time. However, unambiguous measurement of discrete macerals is challenging due to the small size of organic particles in sedimentary rocks, the proximity of different organic matter types to one another, mineral-organic matter interactions, and maceral mixing that occurs during SOM isolation prior to ex situ analysis. The recent advent of infrared spectrometers capable of nanometer-scale resolution and the application of these technologies to geologic samples has enabled advances in rapid, in situ molecular characterization of SOM allowing for insights into paleoenvironmental processes, such as organic matter productivity and preservation, among others. Here we employ one such technology, optical photothermal infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy, to map SOM functional group distributions at 500-nm resolution in a sample from the Lower Cretaceous Sunniland Limestone of the South Florida Basin. Examined fields of view include occurrences of amorphous organic matter (AOM), inertinite, micrinite, solid bitumen, telalginite, and vitrinite. OPTIR data from these macerals are compared against traditional organic petrographic data from the same organic grains including fluorescence intensity and white light reflectance as well as against cathodoluminescence response, an emerging organic petrographic approach. Maceral oxygen content (using carbonyl functional group abundance as a proxy) is observed to vary widely between maceral types but correlates strongly with fluorescence and cathodoluminescence intensity as well as against reflectance. These findings highlight the important role that oxygen content plays in determining the optical properties of SOM and further demonstrate the ability of OPTIR to discriminate subtle molecular differences between SOM types.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104990","usgsCitation":"Jubb, A., Hackley, P.C., McAleer, R.J., and Qu, J., 2025, Nanometer-scale relationships between sedimentary organic matter molecular composition, fluorescence, cathodoluminescence, and reflectance: The importance of oxygen content at low thermal maturities: Organic Geochemistry, v. 204, 104990, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104990.","productDescription":"104990, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173289","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104990","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"204","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jubb, Aaron M. 0000-0001-6875-1079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-1079","contributorId":201978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jubb","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qu, Jing","contributorId":242671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Jing","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70269958,"text":"70269958 - 2025 - Living with uncertainty: Using multi-model large ensembles to assess emperor penguin extinction risk for the IUCN Red List","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T15:36:23.659888","indexId":"70269958","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-03T10:30:27","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Living with uncertainty: Using multi-model large ensembles to assess emperor penguin extinction risk for the IUCN Red List","docAbstract":"Improved methods for identifying species at risk are needed to strengthen climate change vulnerability assessments, as current estimates indicate that up to one million species face extinction due to environmental changes. Integrating multiple sources of uncertainty enhances the robustness of Red List of Threatened Species assessments, providing a more comprehensive understanding of species’ risks. We present a comprehensive framework that incorporates uncertainties, including measurement error, structural uncertainty, natural variability, future climate emissions scenario, and extreme events of sea ice loss, to evaluate the extinction risk of the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), currently classified as Near-Threatened. We apply three ecological models, one bioclimatic and two metapopulation models, combined with a multi-model large ensemble (MMLE) of climate projections from general circulation models, to conduct a Red List evaluation at both global, regional and colony levels. Our results show that emperor penguins could be classified under a range of Red List categories depending on the ecological model, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) climate emissions scenario, and extreme event frequency. Under Criterion A, global classifications vary from Vulnerable to Critically Endangered. Severe declines are projected in the Indian and East Pacific sectors, Dronning Maud Land and the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Sea, with Criterion E indicating that 24% to 100% of colonies meet Endangered status thresholds, depending on huddling thresholds and ecological models. This study represents the first application of an MMLE coupled with an ecological ensemble approach to project climate change impacts on a species, capturing a comprehensive range of uncertainties and offering a framework for improving forecasting and decision-making under climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111037","usgsCitation":"Jenouvrier, S., Eparvier, A., Sen, B., Ventura, F., Che-Castaldo, C., Holland, M., Landrum, L., Krumhardt, K., Garnier, J., Delord, K., Barbraud, C., and Trathan, P., 2025, Living with uncertainty: Using multi-model large ensembles to assess emperor penguin extinction risk for the IUCN Red List: Biological Conservation, v. 305, 111037, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111037.","productDescription":"111037, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174001","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111037","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"305","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenouvrier, Stephanie","contributorId":359201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenouvrier","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eparvier, Alice","contributorId":359202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eparvier","given":"Alice","affiliations":[{"id":85760,"text":"Universit´e Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sen, Bilgecan","contributorId":359203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sen","given":"Bilgecan","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ventura, Francesco","contributorId":359204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ventura","given":"Francesco","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Che-Castaldo, Christian Joseph 0000-0002-7670-2178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7670-2178","contributorId":347906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Che-Castaldo","given":"Christian Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holland, Marika","contributorId":359205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"Marika","affiliations":[{"id":85742,"text":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Landrum, Laura","contributorId":359206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landrum","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":85742,"text":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krumhardt, Kristen","contributorId":359207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumhardt","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":85742,"text":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garnier, Jimmy","contributorId":359210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garnier","given":"Jimmy","affiliations":[{"id":85761,"text":"CNRS-Universit´e Grenoble Alpes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Delord, Karine","contributorId":359211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delord","given":"Karine","affiliations":[{"id":85764,"text":"Centre d’´Etudes Biologiques de Chiz´e","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Barbraud, Christophe","contributorId":359212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbraud","given":"Christophe","affiliations":[{"id":85764,"text":"Centre d’´Etudes Biologiques de Chiz´e","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Trathan, Philip","contributorId":359213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trathan","given":"Philip","affiliations":[{"id":37955,"text":"University of Southampton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70265463,"text":"70265463 - 2025 - Assessing the effect of coral reef restoration location on coastal flood hazard along the San Juan Coastline, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-07T15:00:09.063332","indexId":"70265463","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-03T09:53:57","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the effect of coral reef restoration location on coastal flood hazard along the San Juan Coastline, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Coastal resilience has become a pressing global issue due to the growing vulnerability of coastlines to the effects of climate change. Nature-based solutions have emerged as a promising approach to coastal protection to not only enhance coastal resilience, but also restore critical ecosystems. Coral reef restoration has the potential to provide ecosystem services benefits; however, there are still key uncertainties in linking restoration design to reductions in coastal flood hazard under current and future climate conditions. In this study, we applied one-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical coastal engineering models, calibrated and validated using field data, to evaluate the effectiveness of coral restoration scenarios on coastal waves, water levels, and flooding along the coast of San Juan, Puerto Rico, U.S.A. Model results indicate a small reduction in maximum water levels under the proposed restoration scenarios. This underscores the importance of these endeavors, not only for ecological preservation but also for preventing further reef deterioration. Such preservation is essential for mitigating the increased coastal risks anticipated in the future. Results from this study provide information to guide policymakers and coastal managers in making informed decisions on viable restoration project design options. By systematically evaluating how restoration location impacts coastal flood hazards, communities can develop and implement proactive strategies to mitigate flood-related risk. In addition, by restoring coral reefs, communities can contribute to environmental preservation while ensuring sustainable development and protection of coastal environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1528460","usgsCitation":"Familkhalili, R., Storlazzi, C.D., Nemeth, M., and Viehman, S., 2025, Assessing the effect of coral reef restoration location on coastal flood hazard along the San Juan Coastline, Puerto Rico: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 12, 1528460, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1528460.","productDescription":"1528460, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169548","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1528460","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, San Juan coastline","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.08782395132914,\n 18.480815260981046\n ],\n [\n -66.09096383189711,\n 18.45217867401871\n ],\n [\n -65.96850848974445,\n 18.42720367145678\n ],\n [\n -65.96005496513799,\n 18.468673931779904\n ],\n [\n -66.08782395132914,\n 18.480815260981046\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Familkhalili, Ramin","contributorId":353052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Familkhalili","given":"Ramin","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nemeth, Michael","contributorId":353056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nemeth","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viehman, Shay","contributorId":353053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viehman","given":"Shay","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70265420,"text":"70265420 - 2025 - Temporal and spatial comparison of coal mine ventilation methane emissions and mitigation quantified using PRISMA satellite data and on-site measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-04T14:34:41.568218","indexId":"70265420","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-03T09:24:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial comparison of coal mine ventilation methane emissions and mitigation quantified using PRISMA satellite data and on-site measurements","docAbstract":"Emission monitoring at the facility level (bottom-up, BU) is key for accurate reporting of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions. Recent advances in aerial and satellite observations (top-down, TD) indicate that these methods have the potential to support CMM emissions monitoring and reporting of, as well as track the effectiveness of, mitigation actions. That said, studies have shown discrepancies between BU and TD estimations. Performing TD monitoring with concurrent BU measurements at the same mines may help address the observed discrepancies and improve quantification methods to narrow the gap between BU and TD data. This paper presents a comparison of concurrent BU-TD methane emission fluxes monitored from two ventilation shafts at a southwestern Virginia, USA, longwall mine to complement the existing body of studies on satellite-based monitoring of coal mines by incorporating continuous ground-based monitoring with concurrent TD monitoring of methane emission fluxes to address the gap and provide valuable insights into temporal emission patterns. The shafts were monitored on multiple dates between 2020 and 2023. BU monitoring was performed at the exhaust fans, while TD quantifications used PRISMA hyperspectral satellite data and two different wind reanalysis datasets (i.e., GEOS-FP and ERA5). This mine also offered a unique opportunity for BU-TD comparisons before and after ventilation air methane (VAM) oxidizer operation, which was installed at one of the shafts in 2022. The results showed that TD-estimated mean fluxes were generally lower than BU data, which were attributed to quantification difficulties associated with the low albedo caused by heavy vegetation and the terrain of the area. However, despite the discrepancies in mean emissions, both the interquartile range and the data range of the distributions generally overlapped, and the estimates correctly showed the emission trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179268","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C.O., Irakulis-Loitxate, I., Field, R., and Warwick, P., 2025, Temporal and spatial comparison of coal mine ventilation methane emissions and mitigation quantified using PRISMA satellite data and on-site measurements: Science of the Total Environment, v. 975, 179268, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179268.","productDescription":"179268, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170217","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488612,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":484182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969725009040"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Buchanan County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.90238072120187,\n 37.52094325898793\n ],\n [\n -82.24473468408098,\n 37.52094325898793\n ],\n [\n -82.24473468408098,\n 37.186003050018414\n ],\n [\n -81.90238072120187,\n 37.186003050018414\n ],\n [\n -81.90238072120187,\n 37.52094325898793\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"975","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Ozgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":201991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ozgen","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar","contributorId":352980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irakulis-Loitxate","given":"Itziar","affiliations":[{"id":84319,"text":"UNEP, International Methane Emission Observatory, Universitat Politècnica de València,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, Robert A.","contributorId":352981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Field","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[{"id":82714,"text":"UNEP, International Methane Emission Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":207248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70270244,"text":"70270244 - 2025 - Innovative microphone transmitter reveals differences in acoustic structure between broadcast and whisper songs of Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T14:02:11.976694","indexId":"70270244","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-01T08:58:23","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10109,"text":"Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Innovative microphone transmitter reveals differences in acoustic structure between broadcast and whisper songs of Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo)","title":"Innovative microphone transmitter reveals differences in acoustic structure between broadcast and whisper songs of Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo)","docAbstract":"Low-amplitude “whisper songs” are a taxonomically broad phenomenon in birds that could play an important role in the suite of behaviors birds use to communicate. Due to its cryptic nature, there are inherent difficulties in capturing high-quality whisper song recordings without interrupting natural behaviors. Thus, the whisper song acoustic structure is poorly understood and its potential function remains the subject of debate. Here, we present one of the first quantitative assessments of the acoustic structure of whisper song in birds. Using an innovative microphone transmitter, we collected high-quality recordings of broadcast and whisper songs from the Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo), a thrush species endemic to the Island of Hawai’i. The transmitter was attached to the birds and broadcasted radio signals of all vocalizations produced by the individual to distances over 100 m away that minimized disruption of the birds’ normal behavior while recording. We demonstrate that M. obscurus whisper songs are a distinct class of vocalization that differs from broadcast songs in acoustic characteristics beyond amplitude, such as song length, frequency, and length of silent intervals between notes. These findings, in conjunction with habitat-associated variation in the rate at which M. obscurus emit these vocalization classes, indicate broadcast and whisper songs likely serve separate functions. This work provides evidence supporting the acoustic adaptation hypothesis that posits that densely vegetated habitats promote the evolution of songs with specific acoustic features that maintain signal integrity as the sound propagates through the environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukaf001","usgsCitation":"Navine, A.K., Paxton, K.L., Netoskie, E.C., Tysall, E., Paxton, E.H., and Hart, P.J., 2025, Innovative microphone transmitter reveals differences in acoustic structure between broadcast and whisper songs of Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo): Ornithology, v. 142, no. 2, ukaf001, https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaf001.","productDescription":"ukaf001","ipdsId":"IP-164100","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 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0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hart, Patrick J. 0000-0003-4781-8785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-8785","contributorId":359606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34677,"text":"University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70261844,"text":"70261844 - 2025 - Evaluating the applicability of the generalized power-law rating curve model: With applications to paired discharge-stage data from Iceland, Sweden, and the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-30T15:09:17.858395","indexId":"70261844","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-01T08:00:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the applicability of the generalized power-law rating curve model: With applications to paired discharge-stage data from Iceland, Sweden, and the United States","docAbstract":"Hydrologic research and operations make extensive use of streamflow time series. In most applications, these time series are estimated from rating curves, which relate flow to some easy-to-measure surrogate, typically stage. The conventional stage-discharge rating takes the form of a segmented power law, with one segment for each hydrologic control at the stream gauge. However, these ratings are notoriously difficult to estimate with numerical methods, so that most are still developed manually. A few automated algorithms have emerged, but their use is sporadic, and their relative merits have not been rigorously assessed. One recently developed approach, the generalized power-law, avoids the segmenting problem by representing the power-law exponent as a Gaussian process. On the one hand, this representation is more flexible and easier to fit, but its flexibility might allow unrealistic solutions, so it needs to be tested under a range of conditions to assess its operational viability. This study evaluates the generalized power-law rating curve model by applying it to observations from 180 streams in Iceland, Sweden, and the United States. Overall, the model proved flexible and computationally robust, generating convincing rating curves across a range of geographic settings and was comparable to curves generated by a segmented rating model. Lastly, we propose a model-selection algorithm based on information theory to help identify the best rating curve model for a particular stream gauge.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132537","usgsCitation":"Vias, R., Hrafnkelsson, B., Hodson, T.O., Rögnvaldsson, S., Jansson, A., and Gardarsson, S., 2025, Evaluating the applicability of the generalized power-law rating curve model: With applications to paired discharge-stage data from Iceland, Sweden, and the United States: Journal of Hydrology, v. 651, 132537, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132537.","productDescription":"132537, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167791","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132537","text":"Publisher Index 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rögnvaldsson, Sölvi","contributorId":347574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rögnvaldsson","given":"Sölvi","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jansson, Axel Örn","contributorId":347575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansson","given":"Axel Örn","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gardarsson, Sigurdur M.","contributorId":347576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardarsson","given":"Sigurdur M.","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70265042,"text":"70265042 - 2025 - A generalized framework for inferring river bathymetry from image-derived velocity fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T14:47:45.336764","indexId":"70265042","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-28T09:22:44","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A generalized framework for inferring river bathymetry from image-derived velocity fields","docAbstract":"Although established techniques for remote sensing of river bathymetry perform poorly in turbid water, image velocimetry can be effective under these conditions. This study describes a framework for mapping both of these attributes: Depths Inferred from Velocities Estimated by Remote Sensing, or DIVERS. The workflow involves linking image-derived velocities to depth via a flow resistance equation and invoking an optimization algorithm. We generalized an earlier formulation of DIVERS by: (1) using moving aircraft river velocimetry (MARV) to obtain a continuous, spatially extensive velocity field; (2) working within a channel-centered coordinate system; (3) allowing for local optimization of multiple parameters on a per-cross section basis; and (4) introducing a second objective function that can be used when discharge is not known. We also quantified the sensitivity of depth estimates to each parameter and input variable. MARV-based velocity estimates agreed closely with field measurements (
Reduction in point sources of nitrogen has led to improvement in water quality of the Long Island Sound (LIS) since 2000, but changes in nonpoint sources are less clear. A significant yet poorly quantified nonpoint nitrogen source is the forested landscape. Because a large proportion of the LIS basin is forested, even small areal inputs from the forested landscape have a large cumulative effect on nitrogen loading to LIS. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition, the primary source of nitrogen to forested landscapes in LIS basin, has been declining for several decades. However, nitrogen export in streams does not necessarily mirror nitrogen deposition. To assess forest nitrogen export to LIS, we estimated annual average concentrations and fluxes of nitrate in 17 forested watersheds in and near the LIS basin. Average flow-normalized nitrate-nitrogen concentrations ranged from less than 0.05–0.43 mg per liter among all sites; annual flow-normalized yields ranged from 0.45 to 4.3 kg per hectare. Flow-normalized annual average concentrations and yields of nitrate between water years 1991–2021 did not monotonically increase or decrease at most watersheds. Where determined, the other major N species generally had comparable magnitude and trends. Based on the watersheds analyzed in this study, forested areas are not responding uniformly to the continued decline of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. The variability among sites may indicate that local-scale factors exert substantial influence over the magnitude and trends in nitrogen exports. One watershed that had increasing development showed an increasing trend in nitrate, but not in dissolved organic nitrogen.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008489","usgsCitation":"Spaetzel, A.B., Shanley, J.B., DeSimone, L.A., and Mullaney, J., 2025, Nitrate loads and concentrations from forested watersheds and implications for Long Island Sound: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 130, no. 4, e2024JG008489, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008489.","productDescription":"e2024JG008489, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154905","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jg008489","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.28768451934559,\n 45.13511639993237\n ],\n [\n -75.10160526272159,\n 44.91381753996643\n ],\n [\n -74.79160802274902,\n 41.44157777621251\n ],\n [\n -73.57410086622542,\n 40.77932738343219\n ],\n [\n -71.39984137658877,\n 41.12239972907295\n ],\n [\n -71.28768451934559,\n 45.13511639993237\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"130","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spaetzel, Alana B. 0000-0002-9871-812X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-812X","contributorId":240935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaetzel","given":"Alana","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeSimone, Leslie A. 0000-0003-0774-9607 ldesimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9607","contributorId":195635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSimone","given":"Leslie","email":"ldesimon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullaney, John R. 0000-0003-4936-5046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-5046","contributorId":203254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullaney","given":"John R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70264861,"text":"70264861 - 2025 - Structural analysis of brittle-plastic shear zones in the Sangre de Cristo Range, southern Colorado USA: Superposition of Rio Grande rift extension on Laramide contraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T14:53:12.678207","indexId":"70264861","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-25T10:05:14","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural analysis of brittle-plastic shear zones in the Sangre de Cristo Range, southern Colorado USA: Superposition of Rio Grande rift extension on Laramide contraction","docAbstract":"The Sangre de Cristo Range in southern Colorado exposes some of the deepest Cenozoic structural levels in the Rocky Mountain region, including mylonitic shear zones associated with both the Laramide orogeny and Rio Grande rift. We investigated the relation between Laramide contraction and Rio Grande rift extension with detailed geologic mapping, kinematic analysis, and geochronometry in a 50 km2 area centered on the Independence Mine shear zone (IMSZ). The 15−100-m-thick IMSZ is one of several shallowly to moderately (∼45° ± 20°) W-SW−dipping brittle-plastic shear zones along the western flank of the range. These shear zones display microstructural evidence of initiation as top-NE contractional mylonite zones, consistent with regional Laramide kinematics, which have been pervasively overprinted by shear fabrics indicating top-SW extensional reactivation. Both top-NE and top-SW shear fabrics involve cataclasis and quartz dislocation creep, although top-SW shear is more commonly localized along phyllosilicate-lined shear bands. Shear zones are hosted predominately within Proterozoic gneiss, and contain abundant chlorite and white mica derived from alteration of hornblende and feldspar, which indicates that weakening driven by fluid reactions played an important role in localizing strain. Extensional overprinting appears to be most pervasive along more steeply dipping portions of shear zones and where secondary phyllosilicates form an interconnected weak phase, which suggests that reactivation was primarily controlled by geometry and rheological contrasts inherited from contraction. One top-SW shear zone adjacent to the IMSZ cuts a late Oligocene gabbro stock, and monazite grains synkinematic with top-SW shear in the IMSZ yielded late Oligocene to Early Miocene U-Th-Pb dates that correspond with initiation of the Rio Grande rift. Reactivation of weak reverse faults may represent an important structural control during initial extension in the middle crust, prior to slip along the high-angle Sangre de Cristo normal fault system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02772.1","usgsCitation":"Sitar, M., Singleton, J.S., Rahl, J., Caine, J., King, J., Kylander-Clark, A.R., and O’Sullivan, P., 2025, Structural analysis of brittle-plastic shear zones in the Sangre de Cristo Range, southern Colorado USA: Superposition of Rio Grande rift extension on Laramide contraction: Geosphere, v. 21, no. 3, p. 446-469, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02772.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"446","endPage":"469","ipdsId":"IP-163394","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488514,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02772.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483877,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Sangre de Christo Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.75,\n 38.125\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 38.125\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 38.125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sitar, Michael C. 0000-0003-0688-1067","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0688-1067","contributorId":352709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sitar","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[{"id":48080,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singleton, John S. 0000-0001-9399-7732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-7732","contributorId":306242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singleton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rahl, Jeffrey M. 0000-0002-9195-8294","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-8294","contributorId":352710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahl","given":"Jeffrey M.","affiliations":[{"id":37754,"text":"Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":932084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, Jacob","contributorId":352711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[{"id":48080,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kylander-Clark, Andrew R C","contributorId":269776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kylander-Clark","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R C","affiliations":[{"id":27356,"text":"UC-Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul","contributorId":352712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":84291,"text":"GeoSep Services, Moscow, ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70268343,"text":"70268343 - 2025 - C4 photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast-efficient phenotype","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-23T14:52:23.53561","indexId":"70268343","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-25T09:49:37","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"C4 photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast-efficient phenotype","title":"C4 photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast-efficient phenotype","docAbstract":"It has been 60 years since the discovery of C4 photosynthesis, an event that rewrote our understanding of plant adaptation, ecosystem responses to global change, and global food security. Despite six decades of research, one aspect of C4 photosynthesis that remains poorly understood is how the pathway fits into the broader context of adaptive trait spectra, which form our modern view of functional trait ecology. The C4 CO2-concentrating mechanism supports a general C4 plant phenotype capable of fast growth and high resource-use efficiencies. The fast-efficient C4 phenotype has the potential to operate at high productivity rates, while allowing for less biomass allocation to root production and nutrient acquisition, thereby providing opportunities for the evolution of novel trait covariances and the exploitation of new ecological niches. We propose the placement of the C4 fast-efficient phenotype near the acquisitive pole of the world-wide leaf economic spectrum, but with a pathway-specific span of trait space, wherein selection shapes both acquisitive and conservative adaptive strategies. A trait-based perspective of C4 photosynthesis will open new paths to crop improvement, global biogeochemical modeling, the management of invasive species, and the restoration of disturbed ecosystems, particularly in grasslands.
","language":"English","publisher":"New Phytologist Foundation","doi":"10.1111/nph.70057","usgsCitation":"Monson, R., Li, S., Ainsworth, E.A., Fan, Y., Hodge, J., Knapp, A.K., Leakey, A., Lombardozzi, D., Reed, S., Sage, R.F., Smith, M.D., Smith, N.G., Still, C.J., and Way, D.A., 2025, C4 photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast-efficient phenotype: New Phytologist, v. 246, no. 3, p. 879-893, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70057.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"879","endPage":"893","ipdsId":"IP-175808","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"246","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monson, Russell K.","contributorId":357242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monson","given":"Russell K.","affiliations":[{"id":85357,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Shuai","contributorId":357243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Shuai","affiliations":[{"id":85358,"text":"Guangdong Provincial Key Lab. of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Uni of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":266079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainsworth","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":54883,"text":"USDA ARS GCPRU, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fan, Yuzhen","contributorId":357244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Yuzhen","affiliations":[{"id":85359,"text":"Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hodge, John G.","contributorId":357245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodge","given":"John G.","affiliations":[{"id":85360,"text":"Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knapp, Alan K.","contributorId":223624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knapp","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leakey, Andrew D.B.","contributorId":266112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leakey","given":"Andrew D.B.","affiliations":[{"id":54910,"text":"Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lombardozzi, Danica","contributorId":357246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lombardozzi","given":"Danica","affiliations":[{"id":85361,"text":"Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":205372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sage, Rowan F.","contributorId":296142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sage","given":"Rowan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7044,"text":"University of Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Smith, Melinda D.","contributorId":223621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smith, Nicholas G.","contributorId":266125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":54920,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Still, Christopher J.","contributorId":167581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Still","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24761,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara; Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Way, Danielle A.","contributorId":199465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Way","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70265455,"text":"70265455 - 2025 - Sea Lamprey control reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic corresponds to rapid increase in Sea Lamprey abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-09T14:35:47.538135","indexId":"70265455","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-25T09:35:42","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea Lamprey control reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic corresponds to rapid increase in Sea Lamprey abundance","docAbstract":"The Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus control program in the Laurentian Great Lakes is one of the longest-running and most successful invasive species suppression programs in the world. Although several techniques are used to suppress Sea Lamprey, the control program relies heavily on regular application of lampricide to kill stream-dwelling larvae. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted lampricide application from 2020 to 2022, which provided a unique opportunity to test how Sea Lamprey populations and wound counts on fishes would respond. We evaluated the consequences of decreased control effort at a basin-wide level using standard control program metrics and through a focused analysis of multispecies wounding in Lake Ontario, which experienced the greatest disruption in Sea Lamprey control. The reduction in control effort corresponded to increased basin-wide adult Sea Lamprey abundance but was only weakly associated with Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush wounding. However, the novel multispecies wounding rate metric calculated for Lake Ontario increased and was consistent with observations by anglers and managers regarding a sharp increase in Sea Lamprey abundance following reduced effort. Ultimately, our research highlights that consistent treatment is critically important for preventing damage stemming from Sea Lamprey and that reductions in suppression could quickly lead to a resurgence in abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/fshmag/vuaf020","usgsCitation":"Marcy-Quay, B., Lewandoski, S.A., Booth, R., Connerton, M., Jubar, A.K., Legard, C., O’Malley, B., Prindle, S., Sumner, A., Symbal, M., Todd, A., Yuille, M.J., Treska, T., Siefkes, M.J., and Johnson, N.S., 2025, Sea Lamprey control reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic corresponds to rapid increase in Sea Lamprey abundance: Fisheries, v. 50, no. 8, p. 355-365, https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf020.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"365","ipdsId":"IP-172041","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484242,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United 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using joint live-recapture and live resight models","docAbstract":"Survival is a key life history parameter that can inform management decisions and basic life history research. Because true survival is often confounded with emigration from the study area, many studies are forced to estimate apparent survival (i.e., probability of surviving and remaining inside the study area), which can be much lower than true survival for highly mobile species. One method for estimating true survival is the Barker joint live-recapture/live-resight (JLRLR) model, which combines capture data from a study area (hereafter the ‘capture site’) with resighting data from a broader geographic area. This model assumes that live resights occur throughout the entire area where animals can disperse to and this assumption is often not met in practice. Here we use simulation to evaluate survival bias from a JLRLR model under study design scenarios that differ in the site selection for resights: global, random, fixed including the capture site, and fixed excluding the capture site. Simulation results indicate that fixed designs that included the capture site showed negative survival bias, whereas fixed designs that excluded the capture site exhibited positive survival bias. The magnitude of the bias was dependent on movement and survival, where scenarios with high survival and frequent movement had minimal bias. In an effort to help minimize bias, we developed a multistate version of the JLRLR and demonstrated reductions in survival bias compared to the single-state version for most designs. Our results suggest minimizing bias can be accomplished by: 1) using a random resight design when feasible if global sampling is not possible, 2) using the multistate JLRLR model when appropriate, 3) including the capture site in the resight sampling frame when possible, and 4) reporting survival as apparent survival if fixed sites are used for resight with the single state JLRLR model.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.24072/pcjournal.533","usgsCitation":"Dzul, M.C., Yackulic, C., and Kendall, W.L., 2025, The importance of sampling design for unbiased estimation of survival using joint live-recapture and live resight models: Peer Community Journal, v. 5, e34, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.533.","productDescription":"e34, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158705","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.533","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzul, Maria C. 0000-0002-4798-5930 mdzul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4798-5930","contributorId":5469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzul","given":"Maria","email":"mdzul@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":204844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70264851,"text":"70264851 - 2025 - An enhanced national-scale urban tree canopy cover dataset for the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T15:27:52.723666","indexId":"70264851","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-24T08:13:47","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An enhanced national-scale urban tree canopy cover dataset for the United States","docAbstract":"Moderate-resolution (30-m) national map products have limited capacity to represent fine-scale, heterogeneous urban forms and processes, yet improvements from incorporating higher resolution predictor data remain rare. In this study, we applied random forest models to high-resolution land cover data for 71 U.S. urban areas, moderate-resolution National Land Cover Database (NLCD) Tree Canopy Cover (TCC), and additional explanatory climatic and structural data to develop an enhanced urban TCC dataset for U.S. urban areas. With a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.747, our model estimated TCC within 3% for 62 urban areas and added 13.4% more city-level TCC on average, compared to the native NLCD TCC product. Cross validations indicated model stability suitable for building a national-scale TCC dataset (median R2 of 0.752, 0.675, and 0.743 for 1,000-fold cross validation, urban area leave-one-out cross validation, and cross validation by Census block group median year built, respectively). Additionally, our model code can be used to improve moderate-resolution TCC in other parts of the world where high-resolution land cover data have limited spatiotemporal availability.
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bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) is an invasive species globally significant for its role as a generalist predator in freshwater systems. Native turtles are among the species eaten by bullfrogs, and turtle populations are slow to recover from this impact. We examined the effects of bullfrogs and their removal on Northwestern pond turtles (Actinemys marmorata) at four sites in Yosemite National Park. From 2016 to 2022, we monitored turtle populations in two sites where bullfrogs were present and two where they have been absent. We removed 12,317 bullfrogs, larvae, and whole egg masses from one site and 4067 from the other, reaching near complete eradication by 2019. We captured just large adult turtles where bullfrogs were present compared with all sizes where bullfrogs were absent. Prior to near complete eradication, juvenile turtles were only found with bullfrogs when they were recovered from bullfrog stomachs. Turtles at bullfrog present sites were 26–36 % larger and 76–97 % heavier than turtles from bullfrog absent sites. Turtle abundance and densities were also 2–100 times higher at bullfrog absent sites. We captured the first juvenile turtles at bullfrog present sites only after reaching near complete bullfrog eradication in 2019. Altogether, our study shows a prolonged lack of juvenile turtle recruitment where bullfrogs were present but offers hope that bullfrog control may succeed in recovering turtle populations by easing predation pressure on hatchlings and juveniles. Our results indicate that bullfrog eradication efforts may be necessary to ensure persistence of at-risk species like native turtles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elseveir","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111090","usgsCitation":"Woodruff, S.M., Grasso, R.L., Halstead, B., and Todd, B.D., 2025, Effects of invasive American bullfrogs and their removal on Northwestern pond turtles: Biological Conservation, v. 305, 111090, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111090.","productDescription":"111090, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172079","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Tuolumne County","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.7114094727153,\n 37.98105857920258\n ],\n [\n -119.7114094727153,\n 37.674832093130064\n ],\n [\n -119.36899677644989,\n 37.674832093130064\n ],\n [\n -119.36899677644989,\n 37.98105857920258\n ],\n [\n -119.7114094727153,\n 37.98105857920258\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"305","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodruff, Sidney M.","contributorId":361811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Sidney","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grasso, Robert L.","contributorId":361813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grasso","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":28107,"text":"Yosemite National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":215986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Todd, Brian D.","contributorId":361818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70268960,"text":"70268960 - 2025 - Atypical winter coat coloration of snowshoe hares near the southern extent of their range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-11T14:45:01.688541","indexId":"70268960","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-18T07:37:18","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atypical winter coat coloration of snowshoe hares near the southern extent of their range","docAbstract":"Many species have a variety of adaptations to winter weather, but these adaptations could become maladaptive if winter snowfall and temperatures are more variable. Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) molt from a brown summer coat to a white winter coat, but reductions in snow cover could result in phenotypic mismatch, which in turn could reduce survival. Hare populations near the southern extent of their range might be especially sensitive to phenotypic mismatch because of variable winter weather, but variation in winter coat coloration could allow for these populations to persist in inconsistent snow cover conditions. Using capture data (n = 59 individual hares) spanning 8 years, we document the prevalence of three atypical winter coat color phenotypes (brown bodies, brown-ringed eyes, and brown ears) in a snowshoe hare population in Pennsylvania. The majority of hares in our study (84.7%) exhibited at least one of these atypical winter phenotypes, with a high probability of hares having brown-ringed eyes or brown ears, and four hares remaining brown during the winter. The presence and high prevalence of non-white winter phenotypes could be beneficial for hares in this population if winters are mild with low snow cover. If these phenotypes have a genetic basis, there may be evolutionary potential for hares to persist near the southern extent of their range, even in the face of changing winters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70217","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L., Boyd, E.S., and Diefenbach, D.R., 2025, Atypical winter coat coloration of snowshoe hares near the southern extent of their range: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 3, e70217, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70217.","productDescription":"e70217, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170108","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70217","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Monroe County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.4944445855176,\n 41.110769966630414\n ],\n [\n -75.4944445855176,\n 40.90104058418078\n ],\n [\n -75.14502818574874,\n 40.90104058418078\n ],\n [\n -75.14502818574874,\n 41.110769966630414\n ],\n [\n -75.4944445855176,\n 41.110769966630414\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Laura Christine 0000-0002-6390-4133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6390-4133","contributorId":348259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Laura Christine","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyd, Emily S.","contributorId":342971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70264370,"text":"ofr20231066 - 2025 - Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-28T18:22:43.108629","indexId":"ofr20231066","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-17T11:28:17","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-1066","displayTitle":"Biodiversity Surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring Field Guides for Plants, Arthropods, and Herpetofauna","title":"Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna","docAbstract":"The U.S. Air Force (USAF) issued funds to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to update the biosecurity plan, create a current (2019) flora and fauna species identification index, and do container evaluations for the presence of potential invasives. The current (2019) biosecurity protocols used for prevention were evaluated, and new biodiversity surveys were completed for terrestrial vegetation and arthropods and included the first formal reptile surveys. Results from field efforts add to existing knowledge and may identify new species arrivals to Wake.
One goal of this project was to update and compile established species information for the atoll and create species identification guides for the three taxonomic groups surveyed. We made these flora and fauna species identification guides by compiling results of the recent (2019) and historical surveys. The guides can be used as resident desktop references, as a baseline for assessing future natural resource surveys, and to assist with guiding management actions. We refer herein to biosecurity and integrated pest management plan materials, which we created simultaneously to inform current (2019) biosecurity and to identify some of the top invasive species at Wake. This study was done in cooperation with the USAF, and surveys were performed for the 611th Civil Engineer Squadron Natural Resources Program, ACES PROJECT #YGFZ170002 under agreement number F2MUAA7116GW02 between the USAF and the USGS Western Ecological Research Center.
Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Secretive birds are hard to detect, and thus, likely underestimated when surveyed, potentially preventing measures to protect them. We identified a sampling period and method that would yield the most reliable estimates of population numbers of the secretive Puerto Rican Lizard-Cuckoo (Coccyzus vieilloti). We addressed these objectives by comparing point counts (passive) and playback broadcast (active) survey methods from January to December, 2022 at Cambalache State Forest, Puerto Rico. We surveyed 20 stations (radius = 50 m each) between sunrise and 10 am, employing the time-of-detection method. We recorded strong responses from C. vieilloti after birds had been stimulated by playback broadcasts (recapture probabilities), corresponding to a behavioral response (Mb). For example, average capture (p) and recapture (c) probabilities within the peak breeding season for active surveys were 0.23 ± 0.10 and 0.49 ±0.08, respectively. Active surveys yielded higher estimates of C. vieilloti compared to passive surveys. For example, active survey expected population numbers (15.6 ha or area sampled) during peak breeding season were 42.87 ± 12.08 compared to 19.60 ± 2.08 individuals from passive surveys. Coefficients of variation population estimates of active surveys ranged between 10 and 16%, with one exception (28%), well within acceptable levels for wildlife studies. We show that secretive species like C. vieilloti can be reliably surveyed using playback broadcasts. Surveys should be conducted during the peak breeding season when estimates are higher and have better precision. Conducting similar tests on other secretive species could ensure that their status is not mischaracterized and that they receive the benefits of appropriate conservation measures, if warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.18475/cjos.v55i1.a7","usgsCitation":"Rodriquez-Rivera, K.X., Puente Rolon, A.R., and Collazo, J.A., 2025, Being loud to find a quiet bird: Surveying a secretive tropical avian species: Caribbean Journal of Science, v. 55, no. 1, p. 54-64, https://doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v55i1.a7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"64","ipdsId":"IP-170207","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cambalache State Forest, Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.675152143636,\n 18.47801185830444\n ],\n [\n -66.675152143636,\n 18.457140105969017\n ],\n [\n -66.61164345711724,\n 18.457140105969017\n ],\n [\n -66.61164345711724,\n 18.47801185830444\n ],\n [\n -66.675152143636,\n 18.47801185830444\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriquez-Rivera, Kenneth X.","contributorId":360269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriquez-Rivera","given":"Kenneth","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[{"id":38462,"text":"University of Puerto Rico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Puente Rolon, Alberto R.","contributorId":360272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puente Rolon","given":"Alberto","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38462,"text":"University of Puerto Rico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70264582,"text":"70264582 - 2025 - Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T15:28:24.757921","indexId":"70264582","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-13T10:03:11","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20503,"text":"Journal of Fish of Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","title":"Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","docAbstract":"The mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus is a trophically important fish inhabiting Atlantic coastal salt marshes, with few in situ estimates of overwinter survival throughout the species range. We estimated overwinter apparent survival rates of F. heteroclitus at the approximate mid-latitudinal species range [coastal North Carolina (USA)] in four tidal creeks that experience variable winter water temperatures. To estimate apparent survival, we fitted a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to daily mark-resight data autonomously obtained from fish marked with passive integrated transponder tags. Creek, year, mean daily water temperature, change in mean daily temperature, fish length and fish condition were considered for effects on the modelled parameters: apparent survival (Φ) (product of true survival and site fidelity) and detection probability (p). Modelling showed that water temperature and fish metrics were not related to Φ. Water temperature was directly related to p, indicating reduced fish activity and thus reduced detection probability or poor antenna detection performance at low temperatures. Creek was related to Φ and p, and the creek most open to its downstream estuary (lacking a culvert) had lower rates than the others. Greater loss (fish mortality plus emigration) in this one creek may more effectively transfer production of F. heteroclitus to larger waterbodies via emigration or predation. Conversely, lower Φ may reflect reduced detection efficiency. The results suggest that F. heteroclitus survival is insensitive to variable winter water temperatures typical of thermal dynamics in shallow estuaries in this region of its range. Median creek-specific overwinter Φ rates (range of median values, 2 × 10−8, 0.04) were roughly equal to previously published rates for these creeks during the growing season (April–October). At these latitudes and with increasingly moderate winters, the results indicate that natural mortality could arise equally or more so from predation during the growing season than mechanisms such as starvation, direct mortality, thermal morbidity and stress-related susceptibility to predation resulting from intermittently low water temperatures during the overwinter season.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70020","usgsCitation":"Rudershausen, P.J., and O'Donnell, M.J., 2025, Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks: Journal of Fish of Biology, v. 107, no. 1, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70020.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-168105","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483454,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.61589538108844,\n 34.739737828981234\n ],\n [\n -76.80342045072118,\n 34.74057409854757\n ],\n [\n -76.80219234343787,\n 34.68681714274115\n ],\n [\n -76.61593931817359,\n 34.68548980814643\n ],\n [\n -76.61589538108844,\n 34.739737828981234\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rudershausen, P. J.","contributorId":352331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudershausen","given":"P.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Donnell, Matthew J. 0000-0002-9089-2377","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-2377","contributorId":295467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":930817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70269979,"text":"70269979 - 2025 - Effects of northern bobwhite habitat management on avian species of conservation concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T15:59:46.832514","indexId":"70269979","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-11T10:57:05","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of northern bobwhite habitat management on avian species of conservation concern","docAbstract":"The umbrella species concept is often used as a tool to guide management decisions and focus efforts towards one focal species whose habitat needs overlap that of other species. We assessed this concept in the context of an agriculturally dominant landscape using one of the most well-studied avian species in North America as a target for conservation efforts: Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). This species is often viewed as an umbrella species for grassland and shrubland bird conservation throughout its native range due to its complex, year-round habitat requirements. We assessed the influence of Northern Bobwhite habitat management on six songbird species of conservation concern in Iowa by evaluating similarities and differences in habitat associations between each species. Our objectives were to (1) assess which vegetation characteristics were most strongly associated with Northern Bobwhite occupancy and (2) evaluate whether those characteristics were also associated with abundance of the focal songbird species. We used occupancy and N-mixture models to assess relationships between vegetation characteristics and Northern Bobwhite occupancy and songbird abundance, respectively. We found that the vegetation characteristics most strongly associated with Northern Bobwhite occupancy probability were the amounts of closed canopy forest, early successional woody vegetation, non-vegetated areas, and percent cover of bare ground. We found that for some of these covariates, including the amounts of forest and non-vegetated area, the effect on focal songbird species abundance aligned with Northern Bobwhite occupancy. For others, including the amount of early successional woody vegetation, the effects differed. This assessment of overlap and variability in habitat associations suggests that Northern Bobwhite-targeted management can provide benefits to other grassland and shrubland birds, but may also come with some trade-offs. This work adds to existing literature, further highlighting the nuances of the umbrella species concept in that land management benefits from the assessment of trade-offs and inclusion of local community dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113310","usgsCitation":"Ford, J., Tucker, A.M., Janke, A., Harms, T., and Wilson, R., 2025, Effects of northern bobwhite habitat management on avian species of conservation concern: Ecological Indicators, v. 172, 113310, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113310.","productDescription":"113310, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170818","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113310","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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H.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Anna Maureen 0000-0002-1473-2048 amtucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-2048","contributorId":257906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Anna","email":"amtucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Maureen","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":945118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janke, Adam K.","contributorId":359281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janke","given":"Adam K.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harms, Tyler M.","contributorId":343314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Tyler M.","affiliations":[{"id":24495,"text":"Iowa Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Riggs O.","contributorId":359283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Riggs O.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70264826,"text":"70264826 - 2025 - Distribution and disturbances of ditches across salt marshes of the Northeast U.S. with implications for management and restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T15:51:07.67541","indexId":"70264826","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-07T08:42:17","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and disturbances of ditches across salt marshes of the Northeast U.S. with implications for management and restoration","docAbstract":"Effective management of valuable coastal systems, such as salt marshes requires an understanding of the complex stressors influencing their continued threat of drowning. However, efforts to determine the effects of one potential stressor, ditches, have produced diverging results complicating management efforts. Ditches (linear trenches dug to drain salt marshes for agriculture and mosquito control) alter salt marsh hydrology, but their effects on widescale marsh function and degradation are poorly understood. We created a dataset of visible ditches and summarized ditch densities (length of ditches over area) for salt marshes of the Northeast U.S. to evaluate ditching against vulnerability metrics, including elevation and the unvegetated to vegetated marsh ratio (UVVR). We identified a scale dependency in which the larger/coarser the spatial scale of analysis, the greater the fraction of ditched salt marshes. Scale dependence explains discrepancies between previously determined ditch indices. In terms of effects on marsh vulnerability, relative elevation was not influenced by visible ditch presence. Ditch densities affected UVVR, exhibiting a multiple threshold behavior. When present at low densities, ditches have little effect on ponding; yet as ditch densities increase, UVVR (i.e., ponding) increases. The relationship between ditching and UVVR reverses at the highest ditch densities, with ponding substantially decreasing. The multiple threshold vulnerability response of Northeast salt marshes to the hydrologic influences imposed by ditching suggests restoration strategies should consider the degree of ditching rather than simply ditching presence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124444","usgsCitation":"Peck, E., Walker, J., Ackerman, K., Carr, J., Correll, M.D., Defne, Z., Deegan, L.A., Eaton, M.J., Ganju, N., Hartley, M., Johnson, C., Mercer, J.J., Ruskin, K., Woodruff, J.D., and Yellen, B., 2025, Distribution and disturbances of ditches across salt marshes of the Northeast U.S. with implications for management and restoration: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 376, 124444, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124444.","productDescription":"124444, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170787","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124444","text":"Publisher Index 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Evaluating congruence in avian species richness and habitat associations within restored wetlands across the annual cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-14T15:10:54.100596","indexId":"70265643","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-05T10:04:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A wetland for all seasons? Evaluating congruence in avian species richness and habitat associations within restored wetlands across the annual cycle","docAbstract":"Wetland restoration on agricultural land to enhance wildlife habitat through the Wetland Reserve Easement (WRE) program has substantially increased wetland area within the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV). Studies assessing avian response to wetland restoration often focus on specific communities during one season such as passerines in spring or waterfowl during winter. However, there is limited information on the extent to which restored wetlands provide habitat for distinct avian communities across the annual cycle. Our objectives were to quantify the extent to which avian species richness within a wetland was congruent across seasons and evaluate site covariates associated with avian use of WREs in the LMAV across multiple seasons. We calculated avian species richness in autumn, winter, and spring at 34 WREs across the LMAV in Kentucky and Tennessee during 2019–2021. We surveyed vegetation communities to evaluate site covariates that explained variation in avian species richness across sites. Avian species richness within a site was positively correlated between autumn and spring, but neither season was correlated with winter. No single covariate explained variation in avian richness across seasons but tree diameter was positively associated with avian species richness in both winter and spring. The presence of four distinct vegetation types (remnant forest, planted forest, natural regeneration forest, and herbaceous wetlands) was positively associated with avian species richness in winter. Our results indicate avian community response to site conditions varies across seasons and can inform future wetland restoration planning in the LMAV to provide habitat across the annual cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-024-01869-6","usgsCitation":"Podoliak, J., Webb, E.B., and Hicks, D., 2025, A wetland for all seasons? Evaluating congruence in avian species richness and habitat associations within restored wetlands across the annual cycle: Wetlands, v. 45, 30, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01869-6.","productDescription":"30, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160805","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.05271014995013,\n 37.56907601957383\n ],\n [\n -89.2461638442621,\n 36.99968696406451\n ],\n [\n -90.0220790993392,\n 35.062924163396815\n ],\n [\n -88.22347509705149,\n 35.10804479542381\n ],\n [\n -88.05271014995013,\n 37.56907601957383\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Podoliak, J.","contributorId":353208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podoliak","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hicks, D.","contributorId":353211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hicks","given":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}