To further refine the use of solid bitumen reflectance (BRo in %) as a measurement of thermal maturity in source-rock reservoirs, we examined its relationship to other thermal proxies in the Bakken Formation. Comparisons included criteria from programmed temperature pyrolysis, gas chromatography (GC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Thirty-two organic-rich samples from the lower and upper shale members of the Devonian–Lower Carboniferous Bakken Formation were collected from eight cores across the Williston Basin, USA, at depths (∼7575–11,330 ft) representing immature through post peak oil/early condensate thermal maturity conditions based on proximity to current hydrocarbon production. Unmodified BRo values were correlated to programmed temperature pyrolysis parameters (hydrogen index, production index, and Tmax), normal hydrocarbon and isoprenoid analysis of extractable organic matter (pristane/n-C17 and phytane/n-C18) from GC analysis, and peak ratios from FTIR spectroscopy (branching ratio and A-factor). Strong correlations between unmodified BRo values (not corrected to a vitrinite reflectance equivalent, VRe) and other thermal proxies suggest that BRo can be used as a direct thermal proxy in marine Paleozoic source-rock reservoirs where vitrinite is rare or absent. Moreover, an apparent overestimation of VRe at the lowest thermal maturity investigated herein may argue against the application of BRo conversion to VRe in the Bakken Formation. Solvent extraction caused a consistent decrease in BRo when average post-extraction values from a given well were compared to BRo prior to extraction, although the decrease in mean value was not statistically significant. These results are discussed in the context of advocating for the use of unmodified BRo values as a best practice for thermal maturity determination in Paleozoic marine source-rock reservoirs.
Wildfires and climate change are having transformative effects on vegetation composition and structure, and post-fire management may have long-lasting impacts on ecosystem reorganization. Post-fire aerial seeding treatments are commonly used to reduce runoff and soil erosion, but little is known about how seeding treatments affect native vegetation recovery over long periods of time, particularly in type-converted forests which have been dramatically transformed by the effects of repeated, high-severity fire. In this study, we analyze and report on a rare long-term (23-year) dataset that documents vegetation dynamics following a 1996 post-fire aerial seed treatment and subsequent 2011 high-severity reburn in a dry conifer forest of northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States. Repeated surveys between 1997 – 2019 of 49 permanent transects were used to test for differences in vegetation cover, richness, and diversity between seeded and unseeded areas, and to characterize the development of seeded and unseeded vegetation communities through time and across gradients of burn severity, elevation, and soil-available water capacity. Post-fire seeding led to a clear and sustained divergence in herbaceous community composition. Seeded plots had much higher cover of non-native graminoids, primarily Bromus inermis, a likely contaminant in the seed mix. High-severity reburning in all plots in 2011 reduced native graminoid cover by half at seeded plots compared to both pre-fire levels and to plots that were unseeded following the initial 1996 fire. In addition, increased fire severity was associated with increased non-native graminoid cover and reduced native graminoid cover, native species richness, and species diversity. This study documents a fire-driven ecosystem transformation from a former conifer forest into a shrub-grass system, reinforced by aerial seeding of grasses and high-severity reburning. This unique long-term dataset illustrates that post-fire seeding carries significant risk of unwanted non-native species invasions that persist through subsequent fires – indicating that alternative post-fire management actions merit consideration to better support native ecosystem resilience in the face of emergent climate change and increasing disturbance. Lastly, this study highlights the importance of long-term monitoring of post-fire vegetation dynamics, as short-term assessments will miss key elements of the full complexity of ecosystem responses to fire and post-fire management actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.3008","usgsCitation":"Wion, A.P., Stevens, J., Beeley, K., Oertel, R., Margolis, E.Q., and Allen, C., 2024, Multi-decadal vegetation transformations of a New Mexico ponderosa pine landscape after severe fires and aerial seeding: Ecological Applications, v. 34, no. 6, e3008, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.3008.","productDescription":"e3008, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158911","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.3008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":431346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountains, San Miguel Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.61072300933778,\n 36.66992633929999\n ],\n [\n -107.61072300933778,\n 35.363708672581055\n ],\n [\n -105.69910191558768,\n 35.363708672581055\n ],\n [\n -105.69910191558768,\n 36.66992633929999\n ],\n [\n -107.61072300933778,\n 36.66992633929999\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wion, Andreas Paul 0000-0002-0701-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-2843","contributorId":335166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wion","given":"Andreas","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Jens T. 0000-0002-2234-1960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-1960","contributorId":289230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens","given":"Jens T.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeley, Kay","contributorId":340264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeley","given":"Kay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oertel, Rebecca","contributorId":340265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oertel","given":"Rebecca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81531,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center *retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Margolis, Ellis Q. 0000-0002-0595-9005 emargolis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-9005","contributorId":173538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margolis","given":"Ellis","email":"emargolis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":906782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allen, Craig D.","contributorId":289211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig D.","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70265851,"text":"70265851 - 2024 - Characteristics of the fault damage zone From high-resolution seismic imaging along the Palos Verdes Fault, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T13:59:45.59457","indexId":"70265851","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-03T08:53:18","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7751,"text":"AGU Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics of the fault damage zone From high-resolution seismic imaging along the Palos Verdes Fault, California","docAbstract":"The distribution and intensity of fault damage zones provides insight into fault activity and its relationship to fluid flow in the crust. Presently, measures of the in-situ distribution of fault damage remain limited and along-strike studies are rare. This study focuses on an offshore section Palos Verdes Fault damage zone that spans 28 km, near Los Angeles, California. To investigate the previously unresolved shallow (∼400 m below the seafloor) fault damage zone we use densely spaced (∼500 m line separation) newly collected sparker multichannel seismic lines and sub-bottom profiles. The combination of high-resolution acquisition methods and specialized seismic processing workflows provide improved imaging of shallow faulting. We apply a multi-trace similarity technique to identify discontinuities in the seismic data that may be attributed to faults and fractures. This fault detection approach reveals diverse fault damage patterns on adjacent seismic profiles. However, a discernible damage zone pattern emerges by stacking multiple damage detection profiles along strike. We find that peak damage identified in this way corresponds to the active main fault strand, confirmed in this study, and thus the technique may be useful for identifying active fault strands elsewhere. Additionally, we observe that the variable width of the damage zone along strike is controlled by fault obliquity. Furthermore, our observations reveal a correlation between fault damage and seafloor fluid seeps visible in the water column, suggesting that damage plays a role in controlling fluid flow around the fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023AV001155","usgsCitation":"Alongi, T., Brodsky, E., Kluesner, J., and Brothers, D., 2024, Characteristics of the fault damage zone From high-resolution seismic imaging along the Palos Verdes Fault, California: AGU Advances, v. 5, no. 4, e2023AV001155, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023AV001155.","productDescription":"e2023AV001155, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160708","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023av001155","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Palos Verdes Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.4,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -118.4,\n 33.375\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 33.375\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -118.4,\n 33.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alongi, Travis Vincent 0000-0002-0865-8064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-8064","contributorId":335029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alongi","given":"Travis Vincent","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brodsky, Emily","contributorId":299735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brodsky","given":"Emily","affiliations":[{"id":27155,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kluesner, Jared W. 0000-0003-1701-8832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-8832","contributorId":206367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluesner","given":"Jared W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":210199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70255704,"text":"70255704 - 2024 - Reduction of large vessel traffic improves water quality and alters fish habitat-use throughout a large river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-02T11:59:32.798901","indexId":"70255704","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-01T06:57:02","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduction of large vessel traffic improves water quality and alters fish habitat-use throughout a large river","docAbstract":"Rivers are increasingly used as superhighways for the continental-scale transportation of freight goods, but the ecological impact of large vessel traffic on river ecosystems is difficult to study. Recently, the temporary maintenance closure of lock and dam systems on the Illinois Waterway (USA) brought commercial vessel traffic to a halt along the river's length, offering a rare opportunity to study the response of the ecosystem before, during, and after an extended pause of this persistent anthropogenic disturbance. We observed improvements in main- and side-channel water quality and a redistribution of fish habitat-use during a months-long, near-complete reduction of large vessel traffic. Over 3600 water quality and 1300 fish community samples indicate that large vessel traffic reduction coincided with a 33 % reduction in turbidity as well as increased use of sampling strata near vessel navigation corridors by sound-sensitive and rheophilic fishes. Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), the most abundant species in the system, also expanded their use of these ‘impact’ areas. Though inland waterway transport is an economically- and climate-friendly alternative to trucking and rail for the shipment of freight, our data suggest that intense vessel traffic may have profound physical and biological impacts across a large river. Monitoring and mitigation of ecological impacts of the ongoing expansion of inland waterway transport around the world will be critical to balancing large rivers as both useful navigation corridors and functional ecosystems.
The management and conservation of faunas at regional scales depend on current data on species diversity and distribution. Relative to the ichthyofauna of West Virginia, few studies have recently documented the richness and distribution of fishes in the state, with even the most comprehensive publications rarely discussing either the conservation status of individual fishes or historical sportfish stockings. In this paper, we review the state's historic sportfish stockings. We also clarify inconsistent published data and present new information for several species, delete 3 species from the West Virginia ichthyofaunal list, and add 35 species representing extant or extirpated populations. Lastly, we provide a checklist of 195 species by major drainage of West Virginia's fishes, including their origin (i.e., native or introduced).
Fecal contamination of surface water can cause acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) among recreators. AGI risk varies among human, livestock, and wildlife fecal sources, but the prevalence of individual sources is unknown for most recreational sites. We estimated AGI risk for six sites near Des Moines, Iowa, using quantitative microbial risk assessment combined with microbial source-tracking (MST). Water samples (n = 147) collected over two years were tested for 36 qPCR assays quantifying waterborne pathogens and MST markers specific to avian, bovine, human, and porcine fecal sources. Average swimming risk across all sites was 5 (95% CI: 0.0030–142) to 67 (16–215) AGI cases per 1,000 recreators. Individual fecal sources were rarely associated with swimming exposures where risk was >36 AGI cases per 1,000 recreators; most high-risk exposures were associated with simultaneous occurrence of multiple fecal sources. Iowa’s beach action value for Escherichia coli (235 MPN/100 mL) identified >90% of high-risk exposures at five of six sites, so was generally protective of public health in this setting. For sites influenced by mixed fecal sources, results illustrate that identifying a single dominant source of risk is less important than recognizing the number of unique fecal sources that impact AGI risk.
We present a hydroclimate synthesis of the southern Great Basin over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles focused on paleolakes in Death Valley (core DV93-1), Searles Valley (core SLAPP-SRLS17), Owens Valley (core OL92), and the Devils Hole cave. There is close agreement between the occurrence of lakes in Death Valley and the height of the water table in the Devils Hole (50 km east of Death Valley) during the last 200 kyr. Death Valley and Devils Hole have adjacent, partly overlapping, drainage areas and most likely did over the last 200 kyr. When the water table in the Devils Hole was above the threshold level of ∼5 m higher than the modern, permanent lakes existed in Death Valley. At water table elevations less than 5 m above the modern, ephemeral lakes, saline pans, and mudflats occurred in Death Valley. The close temporal agreement between inferred paleoenvironments from the sediments in the Death Valley core and the paleowater table elevation in Devils Hole suggests a common forcing and provides insight into climate variability in the southwestern United States over the last 200 kyr. Owens Valley and Searles Valley, which derived inflow waters from the Sierra Nevada via the Owens River, contain paleohydrologic records which match those from Death Valley and the Devils Hole in terms of timing and direction of water availability over the last 200 kyr, indicating a similar paleohydrologic history for the entire southern Great Basin region. Near the end of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6), 140 ka - 130 ka, Lake Manly in Death Valley became shallow and hypersaline, and ultimately dried up at 127.1 ka ±4.3 ka. The transition from glacial to interglacial vegetation, which involved the loss of Juniperus pollen and an increase in Quercus (oak) pollen, occurred in Death Valley core DV93-1 at 131.3 ka ±4.0 ka. Following the glacial to interglacial pollen shift, a large alkaline lake formed in Death Valley. Similar conditions (freshwater, high productivity, and a mixed, deeply oxygenated water column indicated by biomarkers) existed in Searles Lake between 135.3 +2.7/-2.9 ka and 130.1+2.7/-2.6 ka, also following the juniper-oak pollen transition. Sr isotopes in calcite and sulfate minerals (gypsum, glauberite, thenardite), and the rare occurrence of the sodium carbonate mineral northupite with a low 87Sr/86Sr ratio in core DV93-1, together with organic geochemical proxies from Searles core SLAPP-SRLS17, all suggest that at this time, late MIS 6 Lake Manly in Death Valley received alkaline water via spillover from Searles Valley into Death Valley through Panamint Valley. The hydrologic connection between Searles Valley, Panamint Valley, and Death Valley at Termination II (130 ka) is documented here for this system of pluvial lakes for the first time. The Devils Hole water table decreased to +6.5 m at 140.8 ka ±3.2 ka, rose briefly to +8 m at 137.6 ka ±0.5 ka, and then dropped 8 m by 120.36 ka ±0.45 ka, when it reached an elevation similar to the modern. The pluvial lakes in Death Valley and Searles Valley may have coincided with the rise of the Devils Hole water table at ∼137.6 ka ±0.5 ka years ago, although the age models for core DV93-1 and core SLAPP-SLRS17 during the end of MIS 6 carry large uncertainties.
This work evaluates glacial dust as a source of sediment, and associated iron (Fe), to the Fe-limited Gulf of Alaska (GoA). A reanalysis of GoA sediment data, using rare earth elements and thorium as provenance tracers, suggests a flux to the ocean surface of Copper River (AK) glacial dust, and associated Fe, that is comparable to the flux of dust from Asia, at least 1,000 km from the narrow mountain valley glacial dust source area. This work suggests dust from Asia may not be the largest source of Fe to the GoA. Dust models fail to accurately simulate this glacial dust transport because their coarse resolution underestimates wind speeds, and the dust flux. This work suggests that glacial dust fluxes may have been important in the geologic past (e.g., the last glacial maximum) from locations where there was more extensive coverage by glaciers than at present.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023GL106778","usgsCitation":"Crusius, J., Lao, C., Holmes, T.M., and Murray, J.W., 2024, Alaskan glacial dust is an important iron source to surface waters of the Gulf of Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 51, no. 12, e2023GL106778, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106778.","productDescription":"e2023GL106778, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144402","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl106778","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -136,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -136,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 61\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lao, Carsten","contributorId":364912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lao","given":"Carsten","affiliations":[{"id":87012,"text":"UW Dept of Chemistry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8061-4325","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8061-4325","contributorId":364913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87014,"text":"U. 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W. 0000-0002-8577-7964","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8577-7964","contributorId":364914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"J.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":87015,"text":"UW School of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256062,"text":"70256062 - 2024 - Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T14:43:05.641206","indexId":"70256062","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-17T09:38:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA","docAbstract":"Understanding controls on solute export to streams is challenging because heterogeneous catchments can respond uniquely to drivers of environmental change. To understand general solute export patterns, we used a large-scale inductive approach to evaluate concentration–discharge (C–Q) metrics across catchments spanning a broad range of catchment attributes and hydroclimatic drivers. We leveraged paired C–Q data for 11 solutes from CAMELS-Chem, a database built upon an existing dataset of catchment and hydroclimatic attributes from relatively undisturbed catchments across the contiguous USA. Because C–Q relationships with Q thresholds reflect a shift in solute export dynamics and are poorly characterized across solutes and diverse catchments, we analysed C–Q relationships using Bayesian segmented regression to quantify Q thresholds in the C–Q relationship. Threshold responses were rare, representing only 12% of C–Q relationships, 56% of which occurred for solutes predominantly sourced from bedrock. Further, solutes were dominated by one or two C–Q patterns that reflected vertical solute–source distributions. Specifically, solutes predominantly sourced from bedrock had diluting C–Q responses in 43%–70% of catchments, and solutes predominantly sourced from soils had more enrichment responses in 35%–51% of catchments. We also linked C–Q relationships to catchment and hydroclimatic attributes to understand controls on export patterns. The relationships were generally weak despite the diversity of solutes and attribute types considered. However, catchment and hydroclimatic attributes in the central USA typically drove the most divergent export behaviour for solutes. Further, we illustrate how our inductive approach generated new hypotheses that can be tested at discrete, representative catchments using deductive approaches to better understand the processes underlying solute export patterns. Finally, given these long-term C–Q relationships are from minimally disturbed catchments, our findings can be used as benchmarks for change in more disturbed catchments.
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M.","contributorId":171679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rizzo","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ul Haq, Ijaz","contributorId":340203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ul Haq","given":"Ijaz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":906563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Perdrial, Julia N.","contributorId":177340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perdrial","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70255588,"text":"70255588 - 2024 - Conservation genetics of the endangered California Freshwater Shrimp (Syncaris pacifica): Watershed and stream networks define gene pool boundaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-23T16:09:53.213353","indexId":"70255588","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-16T06:46:39","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genetics of the endangered California Freshwater Shrimp (Syncaris pacifica): Watershed and stream networks define gene pool boundaries","docAbstract":"Understanding genetic structure and diversity among remnant populations of rare species can inform conservation and recovery actions. We used a population genetic framework to spatially delineate gene pools and estimate gene flow and effective population sizes for the endangered California Freshwater Shrimp Syncaris pacifica. Tissues of 101 individuals were collected from 11 sites in 5 watersheds, using non-lethal tissue sampling. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers were developed de novo using ddRAD-seq methods, resulting in 433 unlinked loci scored with high confidence and low missing data. We found evidence for strong genetic structure across the species range. Two hierarchical levels of significant differentiation were observed: (i) five clusters (regional gene pools, FST = 0.38–0.75) isolated by low gene flow were associated with watershed limits and (ii) modest local structure among tributaries within a watershed that are not connected through direct downstream flow (local gene pools, FST = 0.06–0.10). Sampling sites connected with direct upstream-to-downstream water flow were not differentiated. Our analyses suggest that regional watersheds are isolated from one another, with very limited (possibly no) gene flow over recent generations. This isolation is paired with small effective population sizes across regional gene pools (Ne = 62.4–147.1). Genetic diversity was variable across sites and watersheds (He = 0.09–0.22). Those with the highest diversity may have been refugia and are now potential sources of genetic diversity for other populations. These findings highlight which portions of the species range may be most vulnerable to future habitat fragmentation and provide management consideration for maintaining local effective population sizes and genetic connectivity.
Coal mine drainage (CMD) and associated metal-rich precipitates have recently been proposed as unconventional sources of rare earth elements (REEs). However, the potential occurrence of radium (Ra), a known carcinogen, with the REE-bearing phases has not been investigated. We hypothesized that Ra may occur in solids that are precipitated from CMD as a “radiobarite” solid solution ((Ba,Sr,Ra)SO4) and/or adsorbed with hydrous metal oxides. REEs have been documented to sorb or co-precipitate with iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and aluminum (Al) oxyhydroxide in CMD solids. Likewise, Ra has been documented to sorb to hydrous Fe and Mn oxides especially where sulfate (SO4) and/or barium (Ba) concentrations are insufficient to precipitate radiobarite. Thus, we conducted the first-ever survey of Ra concentrations in corresponding CMD water and solid samples in the United States. Samples were analyzed from 4 untreated and 9 treated CMD sites in both the bituminous and anthracite coal regions of Pennsylvania across a range of pH and SO4 concentrations. The dissolved Ra in CMD was relatively low (<0.5 Bq/L), consistent with radiobarite solubility; however, CMD solids were largely composed of amorphous Fe, Al, and Mn oxyhydroxide and silicate minerals. Ra was associated with Mn-enriched CMD solids, upwards of 875 Bq/kg. Total REE + yttrium (Y) content in the CMD solids was enriched upwards of 3600 mg/kg and was significantly correlated with Al content. These preliminary results suggest that REE extraction may target Al-rich solids to avoid Ra in Mn-rich solids.
While previous resource conflicts have often been linked to fuel minerals such as oil, future resource conflict may revolve around nonfuel minerals that enable strategic emerging technologies. During a 2010 diplomatic dispute, China reportedly blocked exports of rare earth elements to Japan, thereby leveraging China’s near-monopoly to threaten Japanese manufacturers of advanced technologies including batteries and permanent magnets. Although this caused significant concern for manufacturers outside China, China’s control over other critical minerals has yet to be studied comprehensively. Besides rare earth elements, perhaps no mineral has received more attention for its supply risks than cobalt. Here Chinese control is estimated for each cobalt material at each stage of the cobalt supply chain from 2000 through 2022. The results show that from mining, to refining, consumption, recycling, stocks, and trade, China dominates the cobalt materials that feed lithium-ion battery cathode production. Specifically, the results show that in 2022 Chinese firms had control over 62% of cobalt mine materials primarily used for cobalt chemical refining, 95% control of refined commercial-grade cobalt chemicals, 92% control of battery-grade tricobalt tetroxide, 85% control of battery-grade cobalt sulfate, and 91% control of nickel–cobalt-manganese cathode precursor materials. China’s monopoly over cobalt battery materials may imply a serious supply risk to non-Chinese battery producing and consuming industries—especially given rising geopolitical tensions and the reemergence of critical mineral export restrictions including gallium for semiconductors, germanium for solar panels, graphite for lithium-ion batteries, and (again) rare earth elements.
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Many rare and endangered species that are endemic to islands are negatively affected by invasions. Past studies have shown that the establishment of non-native species on islands is related to native plant richness, habitat heterogeneity, island age, human activity, and climate. However, it is unclear whether the factors promoting establishment (i.e. the formation of self-sustaining populations) also promote subsequent invasion (i.e. spread and negative impacts). Using data from 4308 non-native plant species across 46 islands and archipelagos globally, we examined which biogeographic characteristics influence established and invasive plant richness using generalized linear models nested within piecewise structural equation models. 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By evaluating multiple stages of the invasion process, we differentiate between the biogeographic characteristics that influence plant establishment (which does not necessarily lead to ecological impacts) versus those that influence subsequent plant invasion (which does lead to negative impacts).
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","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02298-3","usgsCitation":"Pardo-Palacios, F.J., Wang, D., Reese, F., Diekhans, M., Carbonell-Sala, S., Williams, B., Loveland, J.E., De María, M., Adams, M.S., Balderrama-Gutierrez, G., Behera, A.K., Gonzalez Martinez, J.M., Hunt, T., Lagarde, J., Liang, C.E., Li, H., Meade, M.J., Moraga Amador, D.A., Prjibelski, A.D., Birol, I., Bostan, H., Brooks, A.M., Celik, M.H., Chen, Y., Du, M.R., Felton, C., Goke, J., Hafezqorani, S., Herwig, R., Kawaji, H., Lee, J., Li, J., Lienhard, M., Mikheenko, A., Mulligan, D., Nip, K.M., Pertea, M., Ritchie, M.E., Sim, A.D., Tang, A.D., Wan, Y.K., Wang, C., Wong, B.Y., Yang, C., Barnes, I., Berry, A.E., Capella-Gutierrez, S., Cousineau, A., Dhillon, N., Fernandez-Gonzalez, J.M., Ferrandez-Peral, L., Garcia-Reyero, N., Gotz, S., Hernandez-Ferrer, C., Kondratova, L., Liu, T., Martinez-Martin, A., Menor, C., Mestre-Tomas, J., Mudge, J.M., Panayotova, N.G., Paniagua, A., 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paleobiology is a cross-disciplinary field that utilizes the geohistorical record of past life on Earth to inform present-day decisions in conservation and restoration and assist in planning for future natural resource management. However, information on how past ecosystems and species responded to environmental change over decadal to millennial timescales is rarely incorporated into conservation and restoration decision-making. To heighten awareness among conservation and restoration practitioners of the relevance of geohistorical data and to bridge the gap between research and implementation in conservation paleobiology, we proposed a Research Topic titled “Integrating Conservation Biology and Paleobiology to Manage Biodiversity and Ecosystems in a Changing World”. The 21 articles subsequently published demonstrate the diversity and breadth of geohistorical information available to resource management and the challenges of translating these results into conservation practice and policy. Here we discuss the lessons we learned from editing the Research Topic and suggest a pathway forward for conservation paleobiologists who aspire to generate actionable research results to solve current problems in biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration.
The mid-Piacenzian warm period (MPWP, ~3.264–3.025 Ma) has gained widespread interest due to its partial analogy with future climate. However, quantitative data–model comparison of East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) precipitation during the MPWP is relatively rare, especially due to problems in decoding the imprint of physical processes to climate signals in the records. In this study, pollen-based precipitation records are reconstructed and compared to the multi-model ensemble mean of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2). We find spatially consistent precipitation increase in most simulations but a spatially divergent change in MPWP records. We reconcile proxy data and simulation by decomposing physical processes that control precipitation. Our results 1) reveal thermodynamic control of an overall enhancement of EASM precipitation and 2) highlight a distinct control of thermodynamic and dynamical processes on increases of tropical and subtropical EASM precipitation, reflecting the two pathways of water vapor supply that enhance EASM precipitation, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00668-4","usgsCitation":"Sun, Y., Wu, H., Chen, L., Stepanek, C., Zhao, Y., Tan, N., Su, B., Yuan, X., Zhang, W., Liu, B., Hunter, S., Haywood, A.M., Abe-Ouchi, A., Otto-Bliesner, B., Contoux, C., Lunt, D.J., Dolan, A.M., Chandan, D., Lohmann, G., Dowsett, H., Tindall, J.C., Baatsen, M., Peltier, W.R., Li, Q., Feng, R., Salzmann, U., Chan, W., Zhang, Z., Williams, C.J., and Ramstein, G., 2024, Decomposition of physical processes controlling EASM precipitation changes during the mid-Piacenzian: New insights into data–model integration: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, v. 7, 120, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00668-4.","productDescription":"120, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150695","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CHINA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Su, Baohuang","contributorId":338746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Baohuang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yuan, Xiayu","contributorId":338747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Xiayu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zhang, Wenchao","contributorId":338748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenchao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Liu, Bo","contributorId":338749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hunter, Stephen","contributorId":332962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Haywood, Alan M","contributorId":206288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Abe-Ouchi, 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Richard","contributorId":150752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peltier","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":7044,"text":"University of Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Li, Qiang","contributorId":197310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Feng, Ran","contributorId":269581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Ran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55991,"text":"Department of Geosciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Salzmann, Ulrich","contributorId":173101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salzmann","given":"Ulrich","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18103,"text":"Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Chan, Wing-Le","contributorId":94941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"Wing-Le","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Zhang, Zhongshi","contributorId":269576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhongshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55988,"text":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Williams, Charles J. R.","contributorId":338750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Ramstein, Gilles","contributorId":269585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramstein","given":"Gilles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55994,"text":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30}]}} ,{"id":70254673,"text":"70254673 - 2024 - Origins and nature of large explosive eruptions in the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii: Insights from ash characterization and geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-06T14:05:57.984491","indexId":"70254673","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-05T08:50:57","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origins and nature of large explosive eruptions in the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii: Insights from ash characterization and geochemistry","docAbstract":"Several powerful explosive eruptions have taken place in the populated lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea within the past ∼750 years. These have created distinctive landforms, including a tephra rim enclosing Puʻulena Crater immediately south of the Puna Geothermal Venture power station, a tuff cone at Kapoho Crater near the eastern cape of the Island of Hawaiʻi, and a set of littoral cones, the Sand Hill in Nānāwale, where the 1840 lava flow poured into the ocean. Kapoho Crater tuff cone is the largest of these recent pyroclastic features. Mineral, glass, and melt inclusion analyses of tuff cone ash and later fissure-related scoriaceous materials also found within the crater indicate slightly evolved basaltic magmas (1120–1130 °C) that are compositionally similar to parts of the effusive lower East Rift Zone eruptions in 1955 and 2018. Tuff cone magmas were stored at depths of ∼2.5–3.5 km and had pre-eruptive volatile contents (0.5–0.8 wt% H2O, 280–340 ppm CO2, 1400–1800 ppm S) similar to other Kīlauea eruptions (e.g., 1959, 1960), suggesting that internal magma properties were unlikely to account for the unusual explosiveness of this eruption. Tephra componentry, grain-size analyses, and field observations confirm that the cone grew during a phreatomagmatic eruption mostly of vitric ash, probably where a fissure opened across the coastline or shallow ocean floor nearby. Supporting this hypothesis is the identification of at least two genera of marine diatoms within tuff cone strata. Sand Hill littoral cone ash is also vitric like that of Kapoho Crater, but distinctly coarser with abundant fluidal ejecta represented. In contrast, the Puʻulena Crater eruption deposited lithic ash and related blocks with minor juvenile magmatic contribution; a phreatomagmatic eruption that was dominantly phreatic. Differences in eruption styles are related to unique mechanics that tephra analyses help us interpret. While powerful explosive eruptions in the lower East Rift Zone are rare, they present a definite future hazard for inhabitants in this part of Hawaii.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2024.108114","usgsCitation":"Hazlett, R.W., Schmith, J., Lerner, A., Downs, D.T., Fitch, E.P., Parcheta, C., Gansecki, C., and Spaulding, S., 2024, Origins and nature of large explosive eruptions in the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii: Insights from ash characterization and geochemistry: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 452, 108114, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2024.108114.","productDescription":"108114, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157881","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":434947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13WW9NZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Whole rock and micro-analytical geochemistry of minerals, melt inclusions, and matrix glasses from Kapoho Crater and Puʻulena Crater, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi"},{"id":429568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.333,\n 19.60833820451697\n ],\n [\n -155.333,\n 19.414265921910896\n ],\n [\n -154.79886041637545,\n 19.414265921910896\n ],\n [\n -154.79886041637545,\n 19.60833820451697\n ],\n [\n -155.333,\n 19.60833820451697\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"452","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hazlett, Richard W. 0000-0002-8841-0906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-0906","contributorId":214066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazlett","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":38976,"text":"Pomona College, Claremont, CA; 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In response to detections of green crab on the west coast of North America monitoring efforts, including early detection monitoring, have increased. The goal of invasive species early detection monitoring programs is to detect new infestations soon after introduction so that eradication and quarantine measures can be used to control their spread. However, detection of newly introduced invasive species often occurs after populations are large and well established. The ability to detect newly introduced invasive species is affected by sampling procedures, including how much effort is expended. To assess the level of trapping effort needed to detect green crab and other taxa when they are rare, we calculate sample-based rarefaction curves, total species richness, and estimates of sample completeness. We then use these estimates to describe the relationship between sampling effort and detection at two different spatial scales. Our results suggest that high probability early detection of green crabs or other rare taxa in many coastal waterbodies will require significantly more trapping effort than was expended in 2020. Our analyses further suggest that the effort required to provide for early detection was less at the site-specific spatial scale than at the waterbody scale. However, sample completeness at the site-specific spatial scale was negatively correlated with species richness. Current efforts to look for new green crab populations and to manage existing populations provide an opportunity to look for other invasive organisms that may establish in similar habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2024.15.2.02","usgsCitation":"Counihan, T., and Thom, T., 2024, How much trapping effort is needed for early detection of European green crab?: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 15, no. 2, p. 187-200, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2024.15.2.02.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-157261","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2024.15.2.02","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.23804807588527,\n 47.163183758898896\n ],\n [\n -124.23804807588527,\n 46.32149165184737\n ],\n [\n -123.76087422518893,\n 46.32149165184737\n ],\n [\n -123.76087422518893,\n 47.163183758898896\n ],\n [\n -124.23804807588527,\n 47.163183758898896\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.56864290373127,\n 48.64237528593006\n ],\n [\n -122.56864290373127,\n 48.5481969623774\n ],\n [\n -122.40987717111287,\n 48.5481969623774\n ],\n [\n -122.40987717111287,\n 48.64237528593006\n ],\n [\n -122.56864290373127,\n 48.64237528593006\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.69140002305605,\n 48.9958606425881\n ],\n [\n -122.83379815437331,\n 48.9958606425881\n ],\n [\n -122.83379815437331,\n 48.9034195723365\n ],\n [\n -122.69140002305605,\n 48.9034195723365\n ],\n [\n -122.69140002305605,\n 48.9958606425881\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":207532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thom, Theresa","contributorId":224436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thom","given":"Theresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70254688,"text":"70254688 - 2024 - Applying local and global sensitivity analysis to inform bigheaded carp management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-09T15:34:40.676932","indexId":"70254688","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-01T08:40:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17797,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Managment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applying local and global sensitivity analysis to inform bigheaded carp management","docAbstract":"Natural resource managers commonly use population-level models to aid in understanding the status of target populations or the potential implications of management actions. Sensitivity analyses, specifically, local sensitivity analysis (LSA) and global sensitivity analysis (GSA), exist as tools to improve understanding of these models, the importance of specific parameters to model outcomes, and the assumptions inherent to population models. However, applied ecology and closely related fields such as fisheries and wildlife management rarely use LSA or GSA. Here, we apply LSA and GSA to the Spatially Explicit Invasive Carp Population model, a population-level model used to simulate and compare management actions on the invasive silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix population in the Illinois River. The spatial structure within the model arises from the navigation “pools” that exist between navigation lock-and-dam in the river and are also the focus of fisheries management in the river. We completed LSA and GSA for two reasons: (1) to compare the importance of model input parameters on simulated model populations and (2) to demonstrate the use of LSA and GSA for population-level models. In our system, the most important sensitivity values generally were detected in Alton Pool. This pool is the farthest downstream and includes a direct connection with the Mississippi River. These results indicate that the population dynamics in Alton Pool are an important driver of the population dynamics throughout the Illinois River. Management outcomes in this system will, therefore, be strongly dependent on the dynamics of Alton Pool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-23-032","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R.A., Marcek, B.J., Thompson, H.M., Schoenung, B., Dettmers, J.M., and Fienen, M., 2024, Applying local and global sensitivity analysis to inform bigheaded carp management: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Managment, v. 15, no. 1, p. 112-126, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-23-032.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"126","ipdsId":"IP-154554","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-23-032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429634,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.47067866744594,\n 41.63003798665733\n ],\n [\n -87.75301635955124,\n 42.20775931304047\n ],\n [\n -88.30886513743135,\n 41.64322208666994\n ],\n [\n -89.39408212461949,\n 41.46495404872903\n ],\n [\n -89.60582738039393,\n 41.213228798132434\n ],\n [\n -90.21464189799754,\n 40.425353097617545\n ],\n [\n -90.69107472176378,\n 39.906198151706576\n ],\n [\n -90.68227876321413,\n 38.89721553509264\n ],\n [\n -90.21464451351676,\n 38.745987538956484\n ],\n [\n -90.02936726731902,\n 38.890348012783875\n ],\n [\n -90.3822696414528,\n 39.15767727296338\n ],\n [\n -90.4087454076512,\n 39.79105558376847\n ],\n [\n -89.05881037240643,\n 41.06705323545242\n ],\n [\n -87.90299672085834,\n 41.39879783610135\n ],\n [\n -87.47067866744594,\n 41.63003798665733\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcek, Benjamin J.","contributorId":337263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marcek","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":81001,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Hannah Mann 0000-0001-8316-3232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8316-3232","contributorId":316560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"Mann","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoenung, Brian","contributorId":337264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenung","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33955,"text":"Illinois Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettmers, John M.","contributorId":191256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettmers","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":245632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70255726,"text":"70255726 - 2024 - Lake Ontario August gillnet survey and Lake Trout assessment, 2023","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-02T13:45:17.271046","indexId":"70255726","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-01T08:40:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":156,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Lake Ontario August gillnet survey and Lake Trout assessment, 2023","docAbstract":"Lake Ontario lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) rehabilitation has been annually assessed with fishery independent surveys since 1983, to evaluate program benchmarks and compare observations with management objectives. These surveys provide information on the abundance, strain composition, and condition of the adult lake trout stock, as well as information on levels of natural recruitment, sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) wounding rates, and abundance indices of other coldwater fish species (burbot Lota lota, cisco Coregonus artedi, and lake whitefish C. clupeaformis). In 2023, the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of total lake trout in gillnets was notably lower (12.1 fish/net) compared to recent survey years 2018–2022 (average = 17.3 ± 1.0 SD fish/net). CPUE of mature females fell below target levels. Wildproduced mature lake trout remain rare in the adult population (1.0% of adult catch). Strain composition of stocked fish indicated approximately half (51%) of all coded wire tagged lake trout captured in 2023 were from the Superior Klondike strain. Sea lamprey wounding rates decreased in 2023 and were near the target level (2.09 A1 wounds per 100 lake trout). Lake trout condition (predicted weight at length) remains high. Overall, the 2023 survey results suggest that lake trout indicators continue to meet some of the management objectives, however, recruitment of wild-produced offspring to the adult stock continues to be limited, and abundance of stocked fish may be decreasing relative to recent years in response to reduced stocking levels.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchinson, Olivia Margaret 0009-0002-7999-1160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7999-1160","contributorId":339869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchinson","given":"Olivia","email":"","middleInitial":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stahl, Scott David 0009-0002-0248-4523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0248-4523","contributorId":339870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stahl","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connerton, Michael 0000-0001-5400-4347","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5400-4347","contributorId":302344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connerton","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goretzke, Jessica A.","contributorId":304959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goretzke","given":"Jessica A.","affiliations":[{"id":39079,"text":"NYSDEC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Farrell, Collin","contributorId":339871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Collin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gorsky, Dimitry","contributorId":251650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorsky","given":"Dimitry","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70254557,"text":"70254557 - 2024 - A genomic hotspot of diversifying selection and structural change in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-03T11:53:52.035227","indexId":"70254557","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-31T06:51:35","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A genomic hotspot of diversifying selection and structural change in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus)","docAbstract":"Previous work found that numerous genes positively selected within the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) lineage are physically clustered in regions of conserved synteny. Here I further validate and expand on those finding utilizing an updated L. cinereus genome assembly and additional bat species as well as other tetrapod outgroups.
A chromosome-level assembly was generated by chromatin-contact mapping and made available by DNAZoo (www.dnazoo.org). The genomic organization of orthologous genes was extracted from annotation data for multiple additional bat species as well as other tetrapod clades for which chromosome-level assemblies were available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Tests of branch-specific positive selection were performed for L. cinereus using PAML as well as with the HyPhy package for comparison.
Twelve genes exhibiting significant diversifying selection in the L. cinereus lineage were clustered within a 12-Mb genomic window; one of these (Trpc4) also exhibited diversifying selection in bats generally. Ten of the 12 genes are landmarks of two distinct blocks of ancient synteny that are not linked in other tetrapod clades. Bats are further distinguished by frequent structural rearrangements within these synteny blocks, which are rarely observed in other Tetrapoda. Patterns of gene order and orientation among bat taxa are incompatible with phylogeny as presently understood, implying parallel evolution or subsequent reversals. Inferences of positive selection were found to be robust to alternative phylogenetic topologies as well as a strong shift in background nucleotide composition in some taxa.
This study confirms and further localizes a genomic hotspot of protein-coding divergence in the hoary bat, one that also exhibits an increased tempo of structural change in bats compared with other mammals. Most genes in the two synteny blocks have elevated expression in brain tissue in humans and model organisms, and genetic studies implicate the selected genes in cranial and neurological development, among other functions.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17482","usgsCitation":"Cornman, R.S., 2024, A genomic hotspot of diversifying selection and structural change in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus): PeerJ, v. 12, e17482, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17482.","productDescription":"e17482, 32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159824","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439470,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17482","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":434952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1YKF5BJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"DNA sequences used to analyze evolutionary rates of genes in bats"},{"id":429444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70254508,"text":"70254508 - 2024 - Evaluating the effectiveness of joint species distribution modeling for fresh water fish communities within large watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-11T16:16:33.775409","indexId":"70254508","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-21T09:43:09","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of joint species distribution modeling for fresh water fish communities within large watersheds","docAbstract":"Accurately predicting species’ distributions is critical for the management and conservation of fish and wildlife populations. Joint Species Distribution Models (JSDMs) account for dependencies between species often ignored by traditional species distribution models. We evaluated how a JSDM approach could improve predictive strength for stream fish communities within large watersheds (the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, USA), using a cross-validation study of JSDMs fit to data from over 50 species. Our results suggest that conditional predictions from JSDMs have the potential to make large improvements in predictive accuracy for many species, particularly for more generalist species where single species models may not perform well. For some species there was no added explanatory effect from conditional information, most of which already exhibited strong marginal predictive ability. For several rare species there were significant improvements in occurrence predictions, while the results for two invasive species considered did not show the same improvements. Overall, the optimal number of species to condition upon, as well as the effects of conditioning upon an increasing number of species, varied widely among species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2023-0385","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, P., Krause, K., Maloney, K.O., Woods, T., and Wagner, T., 2024, Evaluating the effectiveness of joint species distribution modeling for fresh water fish communities within large watersheds: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 81, no. 9, p. 1248-1263, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0385.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1248","endPage":"1263","ipdsId":"IP-160869","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486869,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0385","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maloney, Kelly O. 0000-0003-2304-0745 kmaloney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":4636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"Kelly","email":"kmaloney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woods, Taylor 0000-0002-6277-1260","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6277-1260","contributorId":304097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255054,"text":"70255054 - 2024 - Development and validation of a GT-seq panel for genetic monitoring in a threatened species using minimally invasive sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T22:29:51.273888","indexId":"70255054","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-20T17:23:16","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and validation of a GT-seq panel for genetic monitoring in a threatened species using minimally invasive sampling","docAbstract":"Minimally invasive samples are often the best option for collecting genetic material from species of conservation concern, but they perform poorly in many genomic sequencing methods due to their tendency to yield low DNA quality and quantity. Genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) is a powerful amplicon sequencing method that can genotype large numbers of variable-quality samples at a standardized set of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. Here, we develop, optimize, and validate a GT-seq panel for the federally threatened northern Idaho ground squirrel (Urocitellus brunneus) to provide a standardized approach for future genetic monitoring and assessment of recovery goals using minimally invasive samples. The optimized panel consists of 224 neutral and 81 putatively adaptive SNPs. DNA collected from buccal swabs from 2016 to 2020 had 73% genotyping success, while samples collected from hair from 2002 to 2006 had little to no DNA remaining and did not genotype successfully. We evaluated our GT-seq panel by measuring genotype discordance rates compared to RADseq and whole-genome sequencing. GT-seq and other sequencing methods had similar population diversity and FST estimates, but GT-seq consistently called more heterozygotes than expected, resulting in negative FIS values at the population level. Genetic ancestry assignment was consistent when estimated with different sequencing methods and numbers of loci. Our GT-seq panel is an effective and efficient genotyping tool that will aid in the monitoring and recovery of this threatened species, and our results provide insights for applying GT-seq for minimally invasive DNA sampling techniques in other rare animals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.11321","usgsCitation":"Garrett, M.J., Nerkowski, S.A., Kieran, S., Campbell, N.R., Barbosa, S., Conway, C.J., Hohenlohe, P., and Waits, L., 2024, Development and validation of a GT-seq panel for genetic monitoring in a threatened species using minimally invasive sampling: Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, no. 5, e11321, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11321.","productDescription":"e11321, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160807","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11321","text":"External Repository"},{"id":430043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrett, Molly J.","contributorId":338440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrett","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nerkowski, Stacey A.","contributorId":338441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nerkowski","given":"Stacey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kieran, Shannon","contributorId":338767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieran","given":"Shannon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Nathan R.","contributorId":338444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":81130,"text":"GTseek LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barbosa, Soraia","contributorId":338447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbosa","given":"Soraia","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hohenlohe, Paul A.","contributorId":338451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hohenlohe","given":"Paul A.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Waits, Lisette P.","contributorId":338452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waits","given":"Lisette P.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70254422,"text":"70254422 - 2024 - Accuracy, accessibility, and institutional capacity shape the utility of habitat models for managing and conserving rare plants on western public lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T12:06:27.449674","indexId":"70254422","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-20T07:03:25","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy, accessibility, and institutional capacity shape the utility of habitat models for managing and conserving rare plants on western public lands","docAbstract":"Public lands are often managed for multiple uses ranging from energy development to rare plant conservation. Habitat models can help land managers assess and mitigate potential effects of projects on rare plants, but it is unclear how models are currently being used. Our goal was to better understand how staff in the Bureau of Land Management currently use habitat models to inform their decisions, and perceived challenges and benefits associated with that use. We first examined litigation documents to determine whether the agency has been challenged on its use of data for rare plants and found no relevant legal challenges. Second, we analyzed model use in National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documents and found no clear citations of habitat models. Finally, we conducted interviews with agency staff who analyze potential effects of proposed actions on rare plants in NEPA documents. The primary challenges interviewees faced in using models related to data organization and access, model quality and accuracy, and institutional capacity. Interviewees believed models could be used more to inform decisions and actions to conserve rare plants and rare plant habitat on public lands and recommended improving staff access to models, creating models for additional species, and addressing staffing limitations.