The eastern migratory monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) population has declined by ∼84% between 1993 and 2024. Population recovery in the Midwestern United States is limited by the availability of the monarch's main host plant for egg laying—common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca). The extent to which common milkweed availability is limiting in other breeding regions is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether Canada has enough common milkweed to support its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch population recovery target, given ∼29 stems of common milkweed are needed to contribute one adult monarch into the fall migratory population. To meet this objective, we estimated the number of common milkweed stems in Canada using published common milkweed availability estimates by land cover type. We also estimated the size of the Canadian monarch population if the recovery target was achieved using published estimates of wintering monarch density in Mexico, fall migration survival rates, and the relative proportion of monarchs entering fall migration from Canada. We estimate that Canada currently has 484 million common milkweed stems (range: 111 million–1 billion stems) and increasing this amount by 1.61 times (i.e., by ∼295 million stems), or equivalently, by 61%, would support the recovery target.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/facets-2024-0063","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, G.W., Kirby, P., Duffe, J., Fahrig, L., Girard, J., Johnston, M., Larrivee, M., Martin, A., Momeni-Dehaghi, I., Pasher, J., Rezek, E., Shapiro, E., Thogmartin, W.E., and Pouliot, D., 2025, Additional common milkweed would help Canada meet its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch butterfly recovery target: Facets, v. 10, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2024-0063.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163947","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2024-0063","text":"Publisher Index 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Their rapid expansion over recent decades coupled with extraordinary growth rates have arguably caught many by surprise. Understanding the atypical growth rates that could be the driving force behind the Silver Carp's explosive expansion may be crucial for development of management strategies. Towards this goal, I synthetized existing data on the growth and maturity patterns of Silver Carp. I compiled 62 estimates of growth representing populations of native Silver Carp in East Asia and invasive Silver Carp in the Mississippi River Basin. A remarkably rapid increase in length at earlier ages, undocumented in their ancestral range, was a defining feature of Silver Carp in the Mississippi River Basin. Some of the fastest growth rates of Silver Carp were recorded in hypereutrophic floodplain lakes and at lower latitudes. Invasive Silver Carp frequently deviated from the growth patterns established by native species as evidenced by abnormally high growth coefficients (K) in relation to asymptotic length (L∞). There is evidence of genetic differentiation between native Silver Carp and those expanding in the Mississippi River Basin possibly resulting from genetic background of introductions, genetic drift, and ecological selection. There is also limited evidence of enemy release, allowing for reallocation of energy from defenses to the rapid growth; though speculative, this is a plausible hypothesis that merits further research. This overview of the growth patterns of invasive Silver Carp underscores the need for novel strategies to mitigate the rapid generation time induced by the atypical growth patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/fshmag/vuaf037","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., 2025, Growth patterns of invasive Silver Carp in the Mississippi River basin: Fisheries, v. 50, no. 9, p. 391-398, https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf037.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"398","ipdsId":"IP-169732","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494388,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.64480284612964,\n 43.98127218458305\n ],\n [\n -91.64480284612964,\n 44.2443553877259\n ],\n [\n -91.8346990734972,\n 44.2443553877259\n ],\n [\n -91.8346990734972,\n 43.98127218458305\n ],\n [\n -91.64480284612964,\n 43.98127218458305\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.43082982303389,\n 43.86311653841281\n ],\n [\n -91.43082982303389,\n 30.489493770992354\n ],\n [\n -89.47610816114987,\n 30.489493770992354\n ],\n [\n -89.47610816114987,\n 43.86311653841281\n ],\n [\n -91.43082982303389,\n 43.86311653841281\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70269704,"text":"70269704 - 2025 - Regional patterns in U.S. wildfire activity: The critical role of ignition sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T15:23:30.059551","indexId":"70269704","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-22T08:17:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional patterns in U.S. wildfire activity: The critical role of ignition sources","docAbstract":"As extreme wildfires increase globally, understanding their causes is critical for effective management. While climate and housing growth are commonly linked to rising fire activity, the role of specific ignition sources—particularly human-caused—remains understudied. Analyzing a 79-year dataset (1940–2019) from U.S. Forest Service regions across the continental United States, we found that different ignition sources in different regions have been a major driver of wildfire trends, accounting for 60%–80% of the interannual variation in fire frequency and approximately 20% in area burned across most U.S. regions. Lightning and campfires were the dominant sources in western regions, while arson drove fire activity east of the Mississippi River. Trends also varied significantly by region and over time, with housing growth explaining more in terms of fire frequency and climate primarily influencing area burned. Importantly, frequent fires often originated from different sources than those causing the largest areas burned. Prevention of human-caused ignitions, such as campfires and arson, could offer efficient and effective strategies to mitigate wildfire impacts on human and natural systems under changing climate and land-use conditions.
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0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":944482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conlisk, Erin","contributorId":298237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conlisk","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":17734,"text":"Point Blue Conservation Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gough, Mike","contributorId":296907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gough","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64235,"text":"Conservation Biology Institute, 136 SW Washington Ave., Suite 202, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70267879,"text":"70267879 - 2025 - Stressor-driven changes in freshwater biological indicators inform spatial management strategies using expert knowledge, observational data, and hierarchical models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-09T14:25:22.071785","indexId":"70267879","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-17T07:56:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stressor-driven changes in freshwater biological indicators inform spatial management strategies using expert knowledge, observational data, and hierarchical models","docAbstract":"Stream ecosystems face continuous pressures from multiple anthropogenic stressors that reshape biological communities and impact ecosystem health and services. Managers can encounter challenges in stewarding ecosystems threatened by multiple stressors, in part because most multiple stressor studies are experimental and, while valuable, offer limited management relevance in targeting these stressors on the landscape. Recent advances in causal inference coupled with large biomonitoring data sets could further understanding of observational stressor-response relationships, aiding management. In this study, we use bioassessment data in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States to identify how water quality and physical habitat stressors influence key benthic macroinvertebrate response metrics, considering hierarchical relationships using Bayesian networks. Results suggest water temperature and specific conductivity were prevalent stressors in a mountainous region (northern Appalachians), whereas in an agriculturally dominated region (southern Appalachians) physical habitat alterations were the predominant stressor. In mixed-land use regions (Piedmont & Coastal Plains), specific conductivity was a key stressor, but habitat heterogeneity was important for macroinvertebrate metrics. To illustrate how these stressor-response relationships can be used to guide management decisions, we applied the resist-accept-direct (RAD) framework to develop a portfolio of management options based on predicted changes in macroinvertebrate metrics in response to physical habitat and water quality stressors. For example, accepting changes in areas with co-occurring stressors may be the most feasible option, whereas directing changes through stream restoration or water quality improvements may be effective in areas with single stressor groups. By leveraging observational bioassessment data and causal inference to identify key stressor-response relationships, this research supports decision making by building a simple, strategic management portfolio.
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Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T20:57:16.247704","indexId":"sir20255003","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-16T07:09:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5003","displayTitle":"Estimation of Baseflow and Flooding Characteristics for East Canyon Creek, Summit and Morgan Counties, Utah","title":"Estimation of baseflow and flooding characteristics for East Canyon Creek, Summit and Morgan Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"An improved understanding of hydrologic responses to changing climatic conditions is needed to better inform water management practices. East Canyon Creek, a perennial, snowmelt-dominated stream in the Wasatch Mountains of northern Utah, is subjected to increasing development and demands on water in the Snyderville Basin and adjacent areas. In this study, streamflow and specific conductance measured at three U.S. Geological Survey streamgages on East Canyon Creek were used to estimate daily baseflow for water years 2011–22. Trends in these estimates and correlations with climate data from two Natural Resource Conservation Service snow telemetry (SNOTEL) stations within the Snyderville Basin above East Canyon Reservoir, were quantified and reported. Peak annual streamflow also was assessed for flood potential on the study reach of East Canyon Creek. The hydrograph separations showed consistent baseflow indices among all sites, with a larger baseflow component during the fall–spring period (September–April; baseflow indices approximately equal to [≈] 0.751–0.835) and smaller component during the summer period (May–August; baseflow indices ≈ 0.428–0.532). In-stream specific conductance during spring (February–April) was influenced by road salt application, limiting the utility of the hydrograph separation approach. Annual streamflow and climate data were evaluated for trends using the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test, with inconclusive results. Related tests for trends, the Seasonal and Regional Kendall tests, were used to evaluate data at monthly timesteps and indicated a decreasing trend in total streamflow and baseflow at all streamgages. The rank-based Kendall’s tau test for correlation was used to measure the ordinal association with climatic data at co-located SNOTEL stations. Total streamflow and baseflow were strongly correlated with precipitation and snow-water equivalent. By incorporating a predictive regression model, the nonparametric Theil–Sen line, these correlations could support the development of streamflow forecast models using climate data from SNOTEL stations. Such models would provide water managers with tools to help make proactive decisions, such as reservoir or water reclamation releases and curtailment of withdrawals, in response to regional drought or varying snowpack and spring runoff in a given year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Snyderville Basin Water Reclamation District","usgsCitation":"Root, J.C., and Rumsey, C.A., 2025, Estimation of baseflow and flooding characteristics for East Canyon Creek, Summit and Morgan Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5003, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255003.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-162488","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493759,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118539.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484540,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14SJDMX","text":"USGS data release","description":"Root, J.C., 2025, Baseflow estimation and trend and correlation analysis results for East Canyon Creek, Summit and Morgan Counties, Utah, 2010–2022: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P14SJDMX.","linkHelpText":"Baseflow estimation and trend and correlation analysis results for East Canyon Creek, Summit and Morgan Counties, Utah, 2010–2022"},{"id":484539,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5003/images"},{"id":484538,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5003/sir20255003.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5003 XML"},{"id":484537,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255003/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5003 HTML"},{"id":484536,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5003/sir20255003.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5003 PDF"},{"id":484535,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5003/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Morgan County, Summit County","otherGeospatial":"East Canyon Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.85739630382633,\n 41.2514958778022\n ],\n [\n -111.85739630382633,\n 40.5798335667547\n ],\n [\n -110.91729451616551,\n 40.5798335667547\n ],\n [\n -110.91729451616551,\n 41.2514958778022\n ],\n [\n -111.85739630382633,\n 41.2514958778022\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 West Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
Nitrogen transported along groundwater flow paths in coastal aquifers can contribute substantially to nitrogen loading into surface water receptors, particularly in hydrologic systems dominated by groundwater discharge. Nitrogen entrained in the aquifer is a function of land use and associated nitrogen sources at the time of groundwater recharge, which may differ considerably from present-day sources. Legacy nitrogen can result in substantial discrepancies between observed present-day nitrogen loading to surface water receptors and loading estimated from present-day sources. Additionally, legacy nitrogen can continue to discharge into surface waters after nitrogen mitigation actions have been undertaken. Here, we use a numerical modeling framework to compare three methods of estimating time-varying historical nitrogen loads to four water bodies (receptors) on eastern Long Island, New York. The methods span a range of data requirements and process complexity, from instantaneous receptor loads calculated from steady-state groundwater contributing areas, to transient loads estimated by explicitly simulating legacy groundwater nitrogen transport over a century with large changes in nitrogen sources and hydrologic conditions. The effects of legacy nitrogen on estimated receptor loads varied temporally and spatially within the study area. Depending on antecedent nitrogen inputs and hydrologic conditions, historical annual nitrogen loads estimated from transient simulations accounting for legacy nitrogen can be quite similar (<10% difference) or substantially different (±100%) from those estimated from simpler instantaneous methods. Continued input of present-day nitrogen sources using methods that account for legacy nitrogen results in asymptotic increases in receptor nitrogen loads over time, indicating that simulated present-day receptor nitrogen loads are not in equilibrium with present-day inputs. For these receptors in disequilibrium, models simulating transient groundwater nitrogen transport could be used to account for legacy nitrogen lag times to help resource managers evaluate the potential effectiveness of proposed nitrogen mitigation actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"EarthArXiv","doi":"10.31223/X56Q8J","usgsCitation":"Jahn, K., and Walter, D.A., 2025, Assessing legacy nitrogen in groundwater using numerical models of the Long Island aquifer system, New York: EarthArXiv, https://doi.org/10.31223/X56Q8J.","productDescription":"38 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170367","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497047,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jahn, Kalle 0000-0002-4976-0137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4976-0137","contributorId":333053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahn","given":"Kalle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70265672,"text":"ofr20251009 - 2025 - Data gap analysis for estimation of agricultural return flows in the Upper Gunnison River Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T20:53:05.2169","indexId":"ofr20251009","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-14T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1009","displayTitle":"Data Gap Analysis for Estimation of Agricultural Return Flows in the Upper Gunnison River Basin, Colorado","title":"Data gap analysis for estimation of agricultural return flows in the Upper Gunnison River Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Gunnison River and many tributaries in the Upper Gunnison River Basin provide water to irrigate agricultural crops. The application of irrigation water can recharge some aquifers locally by water percolating below the root zone and eventually flowing back to the stream or river through the subsurface. Diverting surface water for irrigation reduces streamflow during the irrigation season but can provide temporary storage of water and supplement streamflow after the snowmelt runoff season. Understanding the timing and quantity of agricultural return flows could help resource managers make informed decisions and adapt to potential changes in water management and availability that could affect irrigation practices. In 2024, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Upper Gunnison River Water Conservancy District, began a study to characterize agricultural return flows in the Upper Gunnison River Basin by using endmember mixing analysis and developing a groundwater model. Both approaches require data from multiple sources, but data gaps exist in the East River study reach and other reaches of interest (Ohio Creek, Tomichi Creek, and Cochetopa Creek). The East River Basin, which is the initial focus of the study, has fewer data gaps than the other basins. Data gaps could be addressed by installing additional surface water and groundwater monitoring sites, making regular streamflow measurements on tributaries, and completing tests to characterize local aquifer properties.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Upper Gunnison River Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Gidley, R.G., Miller, Q.M., and Belcher, W.R., 2025, Data gap analysis for estimation of agricultural return flows in the Upper Gunnison River Basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025-1009, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251009.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; Database","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-170914","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484476,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":493755,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118526.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484572,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251009/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1009"},{"id":484516,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1009/ofr20251009.xml"},{"id":484515,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1009/images"},{"id":484478,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS data base","linkHelpText":"USGS water data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":484477,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1009/ofr20251009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Upper Gunnison River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.5,\n 38.9167\n ],\n [\n -107.0833,\n 38.9167\n ],\n [\n -107.0833,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 38.9167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
Increasing hydrologic volatility—more extreme rain, and larger variations between wet and dry years—has become apparent in some regions, but few data exist to determine how intensifying hydrologic extremes affect sedimentary systems. Using uniquely high-resolution records of fluvial suspended sediment and coastal morphology, we quantify sedimentary responses from a steep, 357-km2 watershed in California under extreme wet and dry hydrologic conditions. In years with multiple 2- to 10-year floods, fluvial sediment coarsened significantly as the wet season progressed, with late-season floods delivering dominantly sand-sized material to the coast. Greater and coarser sediment supply under wetter antecedent conditions affected nearshore geomorphic evolution for 4–5 years. The watershed and coastal changes we documented point to an increasing role of sediment-related hazards (flooding and hillslope erosion) and resources (nearshore accretion) as wet seasons intensify.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115232","usgsCitation":"East, A.E., Snyder, A.G., Stevens, A.W., Warrick, J.A., Topping, D.J., Thomas, M.A., and Ritchie, A., 2025, River floods under wetter antecedent conditions deliver coarser sediment to the coast: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 52, no. 8, e2025GL115232, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115232.","productDescription":"e2025GL115232, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175612","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl115232","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Lorenzo River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2795738662301,\n 37.28890656527331\n ],\n [\n -122.2795738662301,\n 36.95309077205526\n ],\n [\n -121.9584157989861,\n 36.95309077205526\n ],\n [\n -121.9584157989861,\n 37.28890656527331\n ],\n [\n -122.2795738662301,\n 37.28890656527331\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Alexander G. 0000-0001-6250-4827 agsnyder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-4827","contributorId":171654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Alexander","email":"agsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. 0000-0003-2334-129X astevens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-129X","contributorId":139313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":167736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":215068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ritchie, Andrew C. 0000-0001-5826-9983","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5826-9983","contributorId":333630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andrew C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70267802,"text":"70267802 - 2025 - Geochemical and tectonic evolution of the Ordovician Bronson Hill arc and Silurian and Devonian Connecticut Valley–Gaspé trough: Eastern Vermont and western New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T14:41:08.826524","indexId":"70267802","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-09T09:31:06","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and tectonic evolution of the Ordovician Bronson Hill arc and Silurian and Devonian Connecticut Valley–Gaspé trough: Eastern Vermont and western New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"We present major and trace element whole-rock geochemistry of 94 samples from the Bronson Hill arc (BHA) and Connecticut Valley–Gaspé trough (CVGT). These data, when combined with recent zircon U-Pb geochronology and a reexamination of existing whole-rock geochemistry, enable a new analysis of the tectonic history of the ancient Laurentian-Ganderian margin in the northern Appalachians of New England, USA, and southeastern Canada. The whole-rock geochemical data from the Ordovician BHA in western New Hampshire indicate that metamorphosed extrusive and intrusive rocks share the same temporally variable geochemical fingerprint. Mafic and felsic rocks form a bimodal distribution and plot as island arc magmas on geochemical discrimination diagrams. Approximately 80% of mafic greenstone and amphibolite samples plot as island arc tholeiites with a subset of samples that trend toward a more within-plate basalt geochemical signature. Where ages are known, older felsic rocks (ca. 475–460 Ma) in the BHA tend to be more sodic and less potassic than their younger (ca. 460–445 Ma) counterparts, and the geochemical results trend from volcanic arc granites toward syn-collisional granites through time. Prior to recent geochronology, it was thought that an age gap existed between the island arc magmas and the syn collisional granites. This led to the separation of felsic plutons into the predominantly older trondhjemitic magmas assigned to the Ammonoosuc Volcanics and a younger suite of granites designated as the Oliverian Plutonic Suite. This age gap was thought to represent a flip in subduction polarity which would also account for observed changes in pluton chemistry. With the addition of more recent U-Pb isotopic age data, we now know there is a continuum of ages, and a polarity flip is no longer required. When the isotopic ages are combined with the new geochemical data presented here, they suggest that as the BHA approached and collided with Laurentia ca. 455 Ma, continental material was assimilated into the magma, and there was a transition from trondhjemite to granodiorite and granite magmas in felsic rocks and from island arc tholeiite toward more alkali-rich basalt with a continental signature in mafic magmas. The similarities in whole-rock and trace element geochemistry, rock type, and range of isotopic ages from the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, Partridge Formation, and Oliverian Plutonic Suite, suggest they originated from the same magma source and were part of one evolving island arc system that persisted throughout the Ordovician, and the need to separate the Oliverian Plutonic Suite from the Ammonoosuc Volcanics is not necessary.
Most magmatism in the BHA ceased ca. 440 Ma. Following the Taconic orogeny, Silurian basin development was widespread along the length of the Laurentian-Ganderian suture. In New England and Québec, this resulted in the formation of the CVGT. The BHA and the CVGT are generally studied separately: the BHA in the context of arc-continent collision during the Taconic orogeny, and the CVGT as it relates to post-orogenic extension or the distal effects of the Salinic disturbance. When viewed collectively, the igneous geochemistry of the BHA and CVGT reveals an overlap between the waning stages of Taconic orogenesis and the onset of Silurian to Devonian basin development in the northern Appalachians. Metamorphosed bimodal volcanic and intrusive rocks are present in the CVGT (ca. 434–407 Ma) and Silurian cover sequence, which unconformably overlies the BHA. Mafic rocks in the CVGT are mostly tholeiitic basalts with a subset of alkali basalt in the Waits River Formation. Tectonic discrimination diagrams show that the mafic rocks are a mix of mid-ocean ridge basalt to within-plate basalt. The felsic rocks in the CVGT are mostly metamorphosed volcanic rocks that vary from island arc granite to within-plate granite. The geochemical signature of the CVGT is consistent with a post-collisional intra-arc basin, where slab breakoff or crustal attenuation played a key role before transitioning to a deepening foreland basin at the beginning of the Acadian orogeny.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02768.1","usgsCitation":"Valley, P.M., Walsh, G., Merschat, A.J., and McAleer, R.J., 2025, Geochemical and tectonic evolution of the Ordovician Bronson Hill arc and Silurian and Devonian Connecticut Valley–Gaspé trough: Eastern Vermont and western New Hampshire, USA: Geosphere, v. 21, no. 3, p. 418-445, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02768.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"445","ipdsId":"IP-158690","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02768.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":489369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.625,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.625,\n 43.125\n ],\n [\n -72.125,\n 43.125\n ],\n [\n -72.125,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -72.625,\n 43.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valley, Peter M. 0000-0002-9957-0403 pvalley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-0403","contributorId":4809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valley","given":"Peter","email":"pvalley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":265307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merschat, Arthur J. 0000-0002-9314-4067 amerschat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-4067","contributorId":4556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merschat","given":"Arthur","email":"amerschat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70265482,"text":"70265482 - 2025 - How quickly do brook trout lose long-term thermal acclimation?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-08T15:42:42.223359","indexId":"70265482","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-08T08:37:35","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2476,"text":"Journal of Thermal Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How quickly do brook trout lose long-term thermal acclimation?","docAbstract":"Abundances of coldwater adapted stream fish populations are declining largely due to anthropogenic influences, including increased temperature. To persist in streams with unsuitable thermal habitat, fish must move to coldwater patches, acclimate, or adapt to water temperatures above thermal optima. Brook trout, a coldwater adapted salmonid, has previously displayed physiological plasticity and the ability for reversible thermal acclimation when reared at higher temperatures. However, because stream temperatures are not static, it is important to explore the rate at which thermal acclimation occurs to evaluate whether prior thermal experience will influence future thermal performance. To determine the temporal scale in loss of thermal acclimation as water temperatures cool, we acclimated brook trout to three thermal regimes: +0 °C (ambient; mimicking the daily average water temperature of a nearby long-term study site), as well as +2 °C and +4 °C above ambient. After 2 years of being reared under those conditions, fish from the warmer treatments were moved to a common, colder temperature (ambient). We then used critical thermal maximum to measure the loss in acclimation response of fish from each treatment over time. We found that regardless of initial acclimation temperature, thermal tolerance of warm acclimated fish decreased rapidly for 1 week, then gradually decreased, and was completely lost within 42 days. This gradual loss of acclimation may be valuable to persistence in warmer streams and will be important to include in models of the impact climate change has on brook trout and other aquatic ectotherms with significant thermal plasticity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104103","usgsCitation":"O'Donnell, M., Regish, A.M., McCormick, S., and Letcher, B., 2025, How quickly do brook trout lose long-term thermal acclimation?: Journal of Thermal Biology, v. 129, 104103, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104103.","productDescription":"104103, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173670","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Whatley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.6617758519881,\n 42.46221452312392\n ],\n [\n -72.6617758519881,\n 42.418869656181016\n ],\n [\n -72.59608138561572,\n 42.418869656181016\n ],\n [\n -72.59608138561572,\n 42.46221452312392\n ],\n [\n -72.6617758519881,\n 42.46221452312392\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Donnell, Matthew J. 0000-0002-9089-2377","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-2377","contributorId":299019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":265360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, S.D.","contributorId":353071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCormick","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":242666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70265929,"text":"70265929 - 2025 - Identical sequence types of Yersinia ruckeri associated with lethal disease in wild-caught invasive Blue Catfish and cultured hybrid catfish (Channel Catfish ♀ × Blue Catfish ♂) from disparate aquatic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-12T15:45:47.245272","indexId":"70265929","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-04T11:59:08","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Identical sequence types of Yersinia ruckeri associated with lethal disease in wild-caught invasive Blue Catfish and cultured hybrid catfish (Channel Catfish ♀ × Blue Catfish ♂) from disparate aquatic ecosystems","title":"Identical sequence types of Yersinia ruckeri associated with lethal disease in wild-caught invasive Blue Catfish and cultured hybrid catfish (Channel Catfish ♀ × Blue Catfish ♂) from disparate aquatic ecosystems","docAbstract":"The Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus is commonly raised in warmwater aquaculture in the United States to produce Channel Catfish I. punctatus × Blue Catfish hybrids. It is also a prominent aquatic invasive species of concern in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Here, Yersina ruckeri was isolated from moribund Blue Catfish and hybrid catfish from disparate regions of the USA. The goal of the research here was to compare these Y. ruckeri strains to each other and other known strains for which adequate sequence data was available. In addition, we sought to determine if the strain from Blue Catfish was pathogenic to Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Moribund hybrid catfish from culture ponds in Mississippi were processed for diagnostic evaluation in March 2016. In April 2022, a moribund Blue Catfish specimen was collected from a tributary of the Nanticoke River in Maryland. Bacterial isolates were identified and characterized using biochemical tests, antimicrobial sensitivity screening, serotyping, and complete or partial genome sequencing. Disease pathology was described via histology. The isolate from Blue Catfish was used in challenge experiments to determine if it was pathogenic to Rainbow Trout. Multilocus sequencing typing was conducted using the PubMLST database.
Biochemical testing was consistent with Y. ruckeri. A draft genome of the Y. ruckeri isolate was assembled based on Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing and identified a single genomic replicon (3,791,418 bp) consistent in size to other Y. ruckeri genomes and a pLT plasmid (60, 933 bp). The challenge study demonstrated no significant virulence of this isolate for Rainbow Trout (Y. ruckeri). This isolate was most similar to other strains isolated from ictalurids. Notably, the gyrase B gene from this isolate was identical to that of archived strains isolated from moribund Mississippi hybrid catfish aquaculture during 2016 and these isolates share identical PubMLST sequence type profiles. Similarly, they shared a pLT plasmid that differed by only 6 bp. This plasmid has never been reported from trout isolates and appears to be unique to ictalurids.
Analyses here provide preliminary genetic evidence that geographically distant (Maryland and Mississippi, USA) isolates of Y. ruckeri from ictalurids are genetically similar to each other and Y. ruckeri (strain SC09) that infects ictalurids in China. This strain is not a biothreat to Rainbow Trout at typical culture temperatures.
Passive flux meters (PFMs) directly measure groundwater chemistry mass flux and Darcy flux, providing insight into contaminant source-zone architecture and transport properties. This study uses PFMs to characterize PFAS flux in groundwater at a semiarid site with a thick (greater than 90-m) unsaturated zone where groundwater has been contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) related to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for fire training and fire suppression. PFAS mass discharge (PFAS mass flux integrated over a control plane) in groundwater downgradient from several PFAS release areas is calculated using PFM results. In groundwater downgradient from fire-training areas, total PFAS mass discharge (summed across 14 compounds) was estimated to be between 6.0 and 31 g per day in 2020 and between 5.9 and 23 g per day in 2021. Site-specific documentation, generic information on AFFF properties, and literature values of PFAS concentration in AFFF are used to estimate site-specific PFAS-application rates at fire-training areas. These PFAS-application rates are compared to groundwater PFAS-discharge rates. Results suggest that transformation processes (exact pathways unknown) have led to increased discharge of measured PFAS in groundwater relative to initial AFFF formulations. The mass balance approach has broad applicability as a high-level approach that can provide insight into PFAS transport at AFFF sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104550","usgsCitation":"Gray, E., Potteiger, S., Brannon, T., Norton, S., Cho, J., and Annable, M., 2025, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mass flux and mass balance at an aqueous film-forming foam release site in semiarid eastern New Mexico, USA: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 272, 104550, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104550.","productDescription":"104550, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160587","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104550","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cannon Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.33908374205211,\n 34.41604524683224\n ],\n [\n -103.33908374205211,\n 34.359881732275326\n ],\n [\n -103.29149858549228,\n 34.359881732275326\n ],\n [\n -103.29149858549228,\n 34.41604524683224\n ],\n [\n -103.33908374205211,\n 34.41604524683224\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"272","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Erin Louise 0000-0002-3945-6393","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-6393","contributorId":295317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Erin Louise","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Potteiger, Samuel Edwin 0009-0006-3293-7246","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3293-7246","contributorId":339925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potteiger","given":"Samuel Edwin","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brannon, Trevor Dylan 0009-0005-6030-8140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6030-8140","contributorId":344656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brannon","given":"Trevor Dylan","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Norton, Stuart Bryan 0000-0002-4870-7481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-7481","contributorId":295316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"Stuart Bryan","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cho, Jay","contributorId":239518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cho","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47898,"text":"BSEE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Annable, Michael D. 0000-0002-8736-9411","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8736-9411","contributorId":356873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Annable","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70264905,"text":"fs20253012 - 2025 - A partnership between the USGS and the Klamath Tribes to apply structured decision making for chronic wasting disease management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T20:25:45.598265","indexId":"fs20253012","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-27T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3012","displayTitle":"A Partnership Between the USGS and the Klamath Tribes to Apply Structured Decision Making for Chronic Wasting Disease Management","title":"A partnership between the USGS and the Klamath Tribes to apply structured decision making for chronic wasting disease management","docAbstract":"Project Overview: The Klamath Tribes (TKT) are the Klamath, Modoc, and Yahooskin Paiute peoples, and are the first peoples of the land, having lived in ancestral lands of Oregon and California since time immemorial. Members of TKT have rights to hunt, fish, trap, and gather, including the harvest of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) within the 1.19 million acres of their Reserved Treaty Rights Area.
Anthropogenic changes threaten the well-being of mule deer and elk and of the Tribes that rely on them. Today, these species are a primary protein source for TKT. They are traded within TKT and among other Tribes and provide materials for cultural and sacred items such as regalia. However, mule deer numbers have been declining across the western states for the past several decades because of multiple stressors, including persistent and frequent drought and wildfires, habitat loss and degradation, vehicle mortality, and increasing barriers to migratory movements between summer and winter ranges. The migratory movements of mule deer, which allow deer to access the best available seasonal habitats, put them at risk of another potential stressor—infection with chronic wasting disease (CWD). Chronic wasting disease is a fatal prion disease of deer that has been detected in 36 U.S. states. It was detected in free-ranging mule deer in northern Idaho in 2021, prompting the Tribes to initiate a planning process for CWD surveillance, prevention, and response measures to preserve and protect the deer and elk within the Reserved Treaty Rights Area.
In 2023, the Klamath Tribes Natural Resources Department began to develop their CWD plan by incorporating preliminary input provided by the Klamath Indian Game Commission (KIGC) and working with scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). This collaborative effort includes the application of structured decision making and the development of mathematical models to analyze potential CWD management strategies. The result will be a transparent assessment that incorporates TKT values throughout the process and can inform place-based management of the cultural, natural, and physical resources upon which the Tribes depend. In addition, this process may provide opportunities for broader coordination by natural resource management agencies to work together to ensure the long-term health and sustainability of deer and elk populations within the Reserved Treaty Rights Area and throughout the state of Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253012","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Klamath Tribes Natural Resources Department","usgsCitation":"McEachran, M.C., Guntly-Yancey, K.M., Berl, R.E.W., Gentry, D., Runge, M.C., White, C., and Cook, J.D., 2025, A partnership between the USGS and the Klamath Tribes to apply structured decision making for chronic wasting disease management: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3012, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253012.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-169589","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493738,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118503.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":483890,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3012/fs20253012.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"FS 2025-3012 XML"},{"id":483888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3012/fs20253012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3012 PDF"},{"id":483891,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3012/images/"},{"id":483887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3012/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":483889,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20253012/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2025-3012 HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Tribes reserved treaty rights area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.27104164386708,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -122.27104164386708,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.75,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.75,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -122.27104164386708,\n 43.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Rd., Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
The Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus is a wide-ranging, long-lived diadromous fish that is endangered in most of its range. Our objective was to develop and apply long-term, detection-corrected indices of relative abundance for juvenile and adult Atlantic Sturgeon in the Hudson River, New York, United States, to support population monitoring and stock assessment.
We used long-term gill-net catches to estimate relative abundances of juvenile and adult Atlantic Sturgeon while accounting for imperfect detection within an N-mixture modeling framework. We validated the model framework using a simulation–estimation framework based on mean parameter estimates from the adult Atlantic Sturgeon relative abundance index.
Simulation testing indicated that absolute abundance estimates may be biased low due to poor characterization of detection probabilities. However, model estimates of relative abundance tracked simulated abundance trends well. Juvenile relative abundance estimates followed similar trends as raw gill-net catches but were less variable among years when corrected for detection probability. Relative abundance of juveniles increased from 2004 to 2015 prior to declining through 2022, with little evidence for change between the start and end of the survey. Detection-corrected indices for adult sturgeon indicated a consistent increase in relative abundance that was not readily apparent in raw catch indices.
Detection-corrected catch indices can provide improved characterization of Atlantic Sturgeon relative abundance dynamics over raw gill-net catches through use of N-mixture models. The approach has broad applicability to data types that are commonly collected for understanding population trends in stock assessment. Estimation of absolute abundance and other population demographics germane to management would benefit from alternative or auxiliary data collected through approaches such as side-scan sonar or acoustic telemetry, which are increasingly common for monitoring sturgeon populations.
Salinity levels in streams and tributaries of the Colorado River Basin have been a major concern for the United States and Mexico for over 50 years as the water is used by millions of people for domestic and industrial purposes. Recently, the United States Geological Survey expanded stream monitoring networks including the number of sites where continuous (15-min) specific conductance is measured in the Colorado River Headwaters and Gunnison River Basin located east of the Colorado-Utah state line (hereafter, UCOL). The purpose of this study is to apply a proxy method to determine salinity and total dissolved solids concentrations from specific conductance and major-ion water type that is applicable to monitoring sites in the UCOL. Within the UCOL, carbonate rich waters originate from high-elevation mountain regions in the eastern UCOL, calcium sulfate rich waters are mainly found in the western half of the UCOL including the Gunnison River Basin, and waters of variable composition are found along the lower reaches of the Colorado River and Eagle River. It was found that the chemistry of sites with variable composition changes seasonally and is impacted by both geogenic and anthropogenic processes, potentially including seasonal application of deicing road salt. The specific conductance – water type proxy can be used to reliably (±10 %) predict salinity and total dissolved solids at 66 monitoring sites in the UCOL. The method is rapid, can generate high-resolution measurements, is cost-effective, and greatly expands the utility of specific conductance measurements. Furthermore, the high-resolution estimates provide an accurate approach to determining long-term salinity loads as short-term events are accurately accounted for.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106358","usgsCitation":"McCleskey, R., Cravotta, C., Miller, M., Chapin, T.W., Tillman, F.D., and Keith, G.L., 2025, Specific conductance and water type as a proxy model for salinity and total dissolved solids measurements in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Applied Geochemistry, v. 184, 106358, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106358.","productDescription":"106358, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170952","costCenters":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.8482146743099,\n 40.404889992338354\n ],\n [\n -109.03080773170848,\n 40.404889992338354\n ],\n [\n -109.03080773170848,\n 38.16700844876755\n ],\n [\n -104.8482146743099,\n 38.16700844876755\n ],\n [\n -104.8482146743099,\n 40.404889992338354\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"184","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":205663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R. Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":338312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":81112,"text":"Cravotta Geochemical Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":220622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew P.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapin, Tanner William 0000-0003-3905-3241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-3241","contributorId":297923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapin","given":"Tanner","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":147809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keith, Gabrielle L. 0000-0002-2304-8504 gkeith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-8504","contributorId":256699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Gabrielle","email":"gkeith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70266489,"text":"70266489 - 2025 - Spatial variation in landlocked Atlantic Salmon smolt survival associated with dam passage, avian predation, and stocking location","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T14:56:33.619943","indexId":"70266489","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-19T09:24:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation in landlocked Atlantic Salmon smolt survival associated with dam passage, avian predation, and stocking location","docAbstract":"We evaluated survival differences between upstream and downstream stocking for landlocked Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolts in a tributary to Lake Champlain.
We radio-tagged smolts and stocked them concurrently with 22,000 smolts at two release sites in 2 years. The downstream location (DS, river kilometer 16, no dam passage) was a historically used site in a dam tailrace, whereas the upstream site (US, river kilometer 27, two dams to pass) was in a side channel and stocked for the first time. We estimated survival, counted birds during stocking, and searched nesting colonies for transmitters.
Within stocking reaches, survival per kilometer for the DS release group was markedly lower than that for the US group (US 2021 and 2022 = 0.98, 0.98, respectively; DS 2021 and 2022 = 0.82, 0.69, respectively). At the DS site, we documented a tenfold increase in avian predators following stocking, whereas no increase was detected at the US site. Passage was >96% at both dams, but postpassage survival (per kilometer) was much lower at the second dam (2021 = 0.78, 2022 = 0.82) compared to the first dam (2021 = 0.96, 2022 = 0.97). Surprisingly, cumulative survival to Lake Champlain was higher for fish that were released upstream in 2022 (US = 43%; DS = 32%) despite dam passage and additional migratory distance. At least 20% (2021) and 7% (2022) of successful migrants were later consumed by birds in the river delta or in Lake Champlain.
Upstream stocking did not consistently result in lower cumulative survival, likely due to predators habituated to annually reoccurring stocking in a dam tailrace that increased stocking-related mortality at the DS release site. We highlight the importance of evaluating historically used stocking sites, as substantial loss of smolts could be avoided by simple changes to stocking practices. Avian predation was a major source of mortality, necessitating further studies to understand and address survival issues within Lake Champlain.
The impacts of white-nose syndrome (WNS) on many bat species in eastern North America have been well documented because of the length of time that the causative agent, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), has been present and the ability to monitor bat hibernacula in that region. However, the disease outcomes for bat species in western North America are less known because of the more recent arrival of Pd and the challenges associated with monitoring hibernating bat populations in parts of the western US. We report on mortality events involving Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis) bats at two locations in King and Benton counties, Washington, US, that were attributed to WNS during the late winters of 2020–21 and 2024, respectively. All bats that were grossly examined had depleted subcutaneous white adipose tissue, tested positive for the presence of Pd, had histopathologic lesions consistent with WNS, and did not exhibit evidence of other disease processes that may have contributed to death. Mortality was likely higher than what was documented because the locations of the Pd-contaminated hibernacula from which the bats originated were inaccessible or unknown and thus could not be surveyed. These findings indicate that Yuma myotis may be highly susceptible to WNS, and close monitoring is warranted to understand how WNS will affect population trends in this (and other) western bat species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00125","usgsCitation":"Lorch, J., Tobin, A., Argue, A., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Berlowski-Zier, B.M., George, K., Haman, K.H., and Ballmann, A., 2025, Mortality events in Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis) due to white-nose syndrome in Washington, USA: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 61, no. 2, p. 509-514, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-24-00125.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"514","ipdsId":"IP-167986","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483883,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I. 0000-0002-5590-6518 vbochsler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6518","contributorId":3234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearn-Bochsler","given":"Valerie","email":"vbochsler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berlowski-Zier, Brenda M. 0000-0002-7922-8352 bberlowski-zier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-8352","contributorId":4288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlowski-Zier","given":"Brenda","email":"bberlowski-zier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":931977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"George, Kyle 0000-0001-9898-4236 kgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-4236","contributorId":173441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Kyle","email":"kgeorge@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haman, Katherine H.","contributorId":173443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":27230,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ballmann, Anne 0000-0002-0380-056X aballmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-056X","contributorId":140319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballmann","given":"Anne","email":"aballmann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70265779,"text":"70265779 - 2025 - A 700-year rupture sequence of great eastern Aleutian earthquakes from tsunami modeling of stratigraphic records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T15:17:05.760533","indexId":"70265779","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-17T10:11:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 700-year rupture sequence of great eastern Aleutian earthquakes from tsunami modeling of stratigraphic records","docAbstract":"Great Aleutian underthrusting earthquakes produced destructive tsunamis impacting Hawaiʻi in 1946 and 1957. Prior modeling of the 1957 tsunami deposit and runup records on eastern Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands jointly with tide-gauge observations across the Pacific Ocean constrained a rupture model with shallow slip up to 26 m along 600 km of the plate boundary. Here we implement this modeling approach to older deposits and show alternating deep and shallow megathrust slip up to 26, 32, and 22 m for great earthquakes along the same segment in the 18th, 15th, and 14th centuries. All three modeled prehistoric Aleutian earthquakes produce tsunami inundation in Hawaiʻi with the most severe, 14th century event having impacts exceeding the 1957 event. The along-dip variability of these four ruptures spanning seven centuries provides insights on earthquake cycles for engineering design and hazard assessment. The 15th century and 1957 rupture models provide evidence for recurrence of tsunami earthquakes, which can produce disproportionately large tsunamis for a given moment magnitude due to reduced rigidity in the shallow megathrust. The 14th and 18th century events likely ruptured deeper regions that did not slip in 1957, suggesting potential for corresponding deeper failure in the next great eastern Aleutian earthquake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-57802-w","usgsCitation":"Yamazaki, Y., Cheung, K.F., Lay, T., La Selle, S., Witter, R., and Jaffe, B., 2025, A 700-year rupture sequence of great eastern Aleutian earthquakes from tsunami modeling of stratigraphic records: Nature Communications, v. 16, 2638, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57802-w.","productDescription":"2638, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169333","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57802-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.41033794940356,\n 60.59031062994006\n ],\n [\n -179.99,\n 60.59031062994006\n ],\n [\n -179.99,\n 18\n ],\n [\n -146.41033794940356,\n 18\n ],\n [\n -146.41033794940356,\n 60.59031062994006\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 172.7792582818936,\n 55.23104605282941\n ],\n [\n 172.7792582818936,\n 48.90879653399284\n ],\n [\n 179.99,\n 48.90879653399284\n ],\n [\n 179.99,\n 55.23104605282941\n ],\n [\n 172.7792582818936,\n 55.23104605282941\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yamazaki, Yoshiki","contributorId":216792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yamazaki","given":"Yoshiki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39517,"text":"University of Hawaii at Mano","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheung, Kwok Fai","contributorId":329690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheung","given":"Kwok","email":"","middleInitial":"Fai","affiliations":[{"id":78685,"text":"University of Hawai'i at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lay, Thorne","contributorId":328838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lay","given":"Thorne","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"La Selle, SeanPaul 0000-0002-4500-7885 slaselle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-7885","contributorId":181565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Selle","given":"SeanPaul","email":"slaselle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":335664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce E.","affiliations":[{"id":80462,"text":"former USGS PCMSC employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274725,"text":"70274725 - 2025 - Ordovician stratigraphy, structure, and karst of the Falling Spring Valley, Alleghany County, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T14:35:10.261331","indexId":"70274725","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-17T09:14:01","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Ordovician stratigraphy, structure, and karst of the Falling Spring Valley, Alleghany County, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"This one-day trip highlights new findings on a preliminary bedrock geologic map that shows results from ongoing geologic mapping in the Falling Spring Valley of Alleghany County, Virginia, USA, which is the southern end of the larger Warm Springs Valley, an elongated anticlinal valley rimmed by Ordovician and Silurian siliciclastic rocks, and which is famous for its thermal springs. This mapping includes stratigraphic, structural, and karst field and lab research focused on the Ordovician strata exposed in the area, the oldest of which is the dolomitic upper part of the Beekmantown Formation (Lower Ordovician, Darriwilian), and the youngest of which is the Juniata Formation (Upper Ordovician, Katian), a sequence of siliciclastic redbeds. Warm Springs Valley is the location of the only known caves in the eastern United States—three at present—with thermal waters flowing in some of their passages. Stops on the trip will highlight key details from mapping efforts, primarily within the structurally deformed Ordovician carbonate sequence that is exposed in the core and limbs of the anticline, as well as the associated karst features that are developed in those carbonate rocks, including results of recent dye traces and water temperature monitoring that have improved our understanding of the karst hydrogeologic systems developed in these strata.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From the Ozark Plateaus and Arkansas River Valley to the Shenandoah Valley: Field guides for the 2025 Southeastern and South-Central Section Meetings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2025.0072(05)","usgsCitation":"Haynes, J.T., Lambert, R.A., Martin, D.C., Orndorff, R.C., and Parker, M., 2025, Ordovician stratigraphy, structure, and karst of the Falling Spring Valley, Alleghany County, Virginia, USA, chap. of From the Ozark Plateaus and Arkansas River Valley to the Shenandoah Valley: Field guides for the 2025 Southeastern and South-Central Section Meetings, v. 72, p. 69-91, https://doi.org/10.1130/2025.0072(05).","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"91","ipdsId":"IP-175668","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Alleghany County","otherGeospatial":"Falling Spring Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.875,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -79.875,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -79.875,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Admassu, Yonathan","contributorId":369433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Admassu","given":"Yonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958958,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Ángel","contributorId":369434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Ángel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958959,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutto, Richard","contributorId":369435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutto","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958960,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, John T.","contributorId":369314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"John","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16809,"text":"James Madison University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Richard A.","contributorId":369315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87760,"text":"Warm Springs Anticline Cave Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Delbert C.","contributorId":369316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Delbert","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":87760,"text":"Warm Springs Anticline Cave Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parker, Mercer 0000-0001-6683-6458 mercerparker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-6458","contributorId":203174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Mercer","email":"mercerparker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70264474,"text":"sir20255011 - 2025 - Comparison of hydrologic data and water budgets between 2003–08 and 2018–23 for the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, south-central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T17:07:13.510916","indexId":"sir20255011","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-14T15:26:55","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5011","displayTitle":"Comparison of Hydrologic Data and Water Budgets Between 2003–08 and 2018–23 for the Eastern Part of the Arbuckle-Simpson Aquifer, South-Central Oklahoma","title":"Comparison of hydrologic data and water budgets between 2003–08 and 2018–23 for the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, south-central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer is divided spatially into three parts (eastern, central, and western). The largest groundwater withdrawals are from the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, which provides water to approximately 39,000 people in Ada and Sulphur, Oklahoma, and surrounding areas. The Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, including the eastern part, is designated a sole source aquifer for its service area. Based primarily on data collected between 2003 and 2008, a series of comprehensive hydrologic studies of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer was published to provide the information necessary to perform groundwater-flow model simulations so that the Oklahoma Water Resources Board could determine how much water could be withdrawn from the aquifer while maintaining flow to springs and streams. As part of the Phase 1 studies, an aquifer water budget was developed from a numerical model for the period 2003–08. For this report, Phase 1 refers to the 2003–08 data collection period, although for some of the analyses, data collected prior to 2003 were used to inform model development work. Allocation of water from this aquifer was then established by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board in 2013. Additional well-spacing rules were also established by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board for sensitive sole source groundwater basins. To determine how the water budget for the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer has changed over time, recently collected hydrologic data (2018–23) were compared to data collected during 2003–08. The analysis of changes in the aquifer water budget from 2003–08 to 2018–23 could help resource managers better understand changes in the overall balance of water in storage and the potential effects on streamflow, changes in groundwater levels, and the effects of different water uses in the aquifer area on available water in the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer and streams overlying the eastern part of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer.
Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"Saltmarsh Sparrows (Ammospiza caudacuta), a tidal-marsh specialist, face severe population declines due to habitat loss, sea-level rise, and predation. While previous research suggests that predation pressure increases at the southern extent of the species’ breeding range, data on local predator communities remain limited. To address this, we deployed game cameras at 16 Saltmarsh Sparrow nests across four salt marshes on Virginia’s eastern shore, the southern-most extent of their breeding range. Our study provides camera-documented evidence of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) predation on Saltmarsh Sparrow nests. We detected a suspected predation event by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and four other potential nest predators. Additionally, we detected a Willet (Tringa semipalmata) aggressively displacing a nesting female, suggesting interspecific interactions may contribute to nest failure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15594491.2025.2535832","usgsCitation":"Re, B., Karpanty, S.M., and Hunter, E.A., 2025, Evidence of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) depredating a Saltmarsh Sparrow (Ammospiza caudacuta) nest: The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 137, no. 4, p. 647-654, https://doi.org/10.1080/15594491.2025.2535832.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"654","ipdsId":"IP-176752","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.22610873430784,\n 38.20480113736551\n ],\n [\n -77.22610873430784,\n 36.57433812738637\n ],\n [\n -76.01620307129923,\n 36.57433812738637\n ],\n [\n -76.01620307129923,\n 38.20480113736551\n ],\n [\n -77.22610873430784,\n 38.20480113736551\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"137","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Re, Bridget","contributorId":364008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Re","given":"Bridget","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karpanty, Sarah M.","contributorId":364009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karpanty","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Elizabeth Ann 0000-0003-4710-167X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-167X","contributorId":288535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70264582,"text":"70264582 - 2025 - Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T15:28:24.757921","indexId":"70264582","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-13T10:03:11","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20503,"text":"Journal of Fish of Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","title":"Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks","docAbstract":"The mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus is a trophically important fish inhabiting Atlantic coastal salt marshes, with few in situ estimates of overwinter survival throughout the species range. We estimated overwinter apparent survival rates of F. heteroclitus at the approximate mid-latitudinal species range [coastal North Carolina (USA)] in four tidal creeks that experience variable winter water temperatures. To estimate apparent survival, we fitted a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to daily mark-resight data autonomously obtained from fish marked with passive integrated transponder tags. Creek, year, mean daily water temperature, change in mean daily temperature, fish length and fish condition were considered for effects on the modelled parameters: apparent survival (Φ) (product of true survival and site fidelity) and detection probability (p). Modelling showed that water temperature and fish metrics were not related to Φ. Water temperature was directly related to p, indicating reduced fish activity and thus reduced detection probability or poor antenna detection performance at low temperatures. Creek was related to Φ and p, and the creek most open to its downstream estuary (lacking a culvert) had lower rates than the others. Greater loss (fish mortality plus emigration) in this one creek may more effectively transfer production of F. heteroclitus to larger waterbodies via emigration or predation. Conversely, lower Φ may reflect reduced detection efficiency. The results suggest that F. heteroclitus survival is insensitive to variable winter water temperatures typical of thermal dynamics in shallow estuaries in this region of its range. Median creek-specific overwinter Φ rates (range of median values, 2 × 10−8, 0.04) were roughly equal to previously published rates for these creeks during the growing season (April–October). At these latitudes and with increasingly moderate winters, the results indicate that natural mortality could arise equally or more so from predation during the growing season than mechanisms such as starvation, direct mortality, thermal morbidity and stress-related susceptibility to predation resulting from intermittently low water temperatures during the overwinter season.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70020","usgsCitation":"Rudershausen, P.J., and O'Donnell, M.J., 2025, Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks: Journal of Fish of Biology, v. 107, no. 1, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70020.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-168105","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483454,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.61589538108844,\n 34.739737828981234\n ],\n [\n -76.80342045072118,\n 34.74057409854757\n ],\n [\n -76.80219234343787,\n 34.68681714274115\n ],\n [\n -76.61593931817359,\n 34.68548980814643\n ],\n [\n -76.61589538108844,\n 34.739737828981234\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rudershausen, P. 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In this report, we examine regional differences in relative rates of sea level rise, days in the breeding season above historical high tide flooding thresholds, future inundation of current (2021) emergent wetlands, and potential marsh resiliency for the breeding distribution of the eastern black rail across the Atlantic and U.S. Gulf coasts. By midcentury (2050), two sea level rise scenarios (intermediate low and intermediate) indicate that areas analyzed in Texas and the Mid-Atlantic will experience at least minor flood levels for more than half of the breeding season. By the end of the century (2100), all tidal gages in the Atlantic and U.S. Gulf coasts are projected to experience at least moderate flood levels for most of the current (April–September) eastern black rail breeding season. In some areas like New Jersey, this translates to inundation for most of the emergent wetlands in the representative parishes and counties analyzed in this report. In other parts of the coastal distribution, estimates of increases in inundation are lower or more variable, stemming from differences in the elevation of existing emergent marsh, especially at the herbaceous wetland/woody wetland transition zone. Sea level rise and tidal flooding are not projected to pose an equal risk across the coastal distribution of the eastern black rail, leading to variation in risk of nest loss because of flooding. The degree to which these wetlands and birds will adapt to changing sea level and salinity depends on a range of factors including future expansion of developed areas and the ability of marsh areas to move inland. Restoration and active management of coastal wetland areas may be necessary to maintain appropriate breeding habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211104F","usgsCitation":"Nikiel, C.A., and Lyons, M.P., 2025, Potential effects of sea level rise and high tide flooding on Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis (eastern black rail) coastal breeding areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1104–F, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211104F.","productDescription":"vii, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-172341","costCenters":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483246,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20211104F/full"},{"id":483244,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1104/f/ofr20211104f.XML"},{"id":483243,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1104/f/ofr20211104f.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1104-F"},{"id":483242,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1104/f/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":483245,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1104/f/images/"},{"id":492780,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118482.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coast, Gulf Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.73369411465748,\n 44.87861692762931\n ],\n [\n -67.9395715369188,\n 45.91302389167819\n ],\n [\n -68.52891205677287,\n 46.14233382856975\n ],\n [\n -69.66609739851674,\n 44.904840367756236\n ],\n [\n -71.8455845133013,\n 43.01632555370077\n ],\n [\n -75.76042364090121,\n 40.73258218965182\n ],\n [\n -77.41422284991526,\n 39.32302567933269\n ],\n [\n -77.11953264135055,\n 36.58955309284522\n ],\n [\n -79.0153316043617,\n 34.430624116007294\n ],\n [\n -82.3380440342791,\n 31.342877305678\n ],\n [\n -87.14213042595998,\n 31.473505392669267\n ],\n [\n -87.74548189802837,\n 32.39195075385649\n ],\n [\n -89.00813665013129,\n 32.354083649747\n ],\n [\n -89.30755056658234,\n 31.271920212222028\n ],\n [\n -92.00443786768639,\n 31.222304379727817\n ],\n [\n -95.98918412828937,\n 30.505582509882984\n ],\n [\n -98.19210772787893,\n 28.060885389466677\n ],\n [\n -98.10578570219339,\n 26.094479941263742\n ],\n [\n -97.05626247225148,\n 25.880720528127156\n ],\n [\n -97.21103649173618,\n 27.232424454623654\n ],\n [\n -95.67794712232511,\n 28.598718054492764\n ],\n [\n -93.37262411904577,\n 29.53246193068931\n ],\n [\n -90.09201823404798,\n 28.868540112379208\n ],\n [\n -88.84955647397418,\n 28.787680093703898\n ],\n [\n -88.58294319870708,\n 29.755309328858473\n ],\n [\n -86.26626920949336,\n 30.023219777079703\n ],\n [\n -84.98796116952035,\n 29.29748111241001\n ],\n [\n -83.97817016398578,\n 29.677155423717906\n ],\n [\n -82.92684471060598,\n 28.711279338050616\n ],\n [\n -83.33453111961292,\n 28.007674975959418\n ],\n [\n -81.38398690858428,\n 24.942184191892167\n ],\n [\n -81.48743115456318,\n 24.146104924998653\n ],\n [\n -79.34128084180263,\n 25.993764942081356\n ],\n [\n -81.14405051637162,\n 30.851402909345737\n ],\n [\n -74.95193417969506,\n 35.431852837245344\n ],\n [\n -75.10789103469754,\n 37.38614632113877\n ],\n [\n -73.3440560833726,\n 40.10806605773732\n ],\n [\n -69.15888557248354,\n 41.691566830140545\n ],\n [\n -70.25945555475435,\n 43.01474979449651\n ],\n [\n -66.73369411465748,\n 44.87861692762931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1954 Buford Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
1. Patterns of migratory connectivity are increasingly used to understand and manage threats throughout the annual cycle of migratory species. Strong migratory connectivity refers to when individuals from different populations remain spatially separated across the annual cycle, which may expose populations to unique sets of threats and conditions that cause differential population trends. However, the populations or groups used for species’ management are often defined a priori based on expert knowledge and/or management units, which may mask important population segregation and obscure differential population trends and their drivers.
2. We compared three approaches to defining management groups of a declining shorebird, the long-billed curlew (Numenius americanus), for annual cycle management: by expert-opinion, according to management flyways, and with unsupervised clustering of satellite tracking data that maximizes the strength of migratory connectivity.
3. Despite the curlews having a continuous breeding range and a pattern of parallel migration, all three approaches identified groups with different population trends, movement behaviours and habitat selection across the annual cycle, suggesting these are meaningful ecological groups. The expert and clustering approaches resulted in similar group structure, strong estimates of migratory connectivity (measured as MC = 0.64 across seasons), movement behaviour and habitat selection; however, the expert approach identified an additional divide between the easternmost grouping, which revealed strongly negative population trends in the group occupying the Chihuahuan desert during the stationary nonbreeding season. In contrast, the flyway delineation resulted in weaker estimates of migratory connectivity, marginal differences in population trends and less between-group differences in movement behaviour and habitat selection.
4. Synthesis and applications. Using measurements of migratory connectivity in concert with expert opinion can define ecologically distinct groups for wildlife management that differ in the environmental conditions they experience across seasons of the annual cycle, which is a key component for understanding and reversing declines of migratory species.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14885","usgsCitation":"Knight, E., Carlisle, J.D., Boyce, A., Bradley, D., Cimprich, P., Coates, S., Dinsmore, S., Gregory, C., Jorgensen, J., Kelly, J., Newstead, D., Olalla, A., Powell, L., Scarpignato, A., Tibbitts, T., Warnock, N., Wehtje, W., Marra, P., and Harrison, A., 2025, Delineating ecologically-distinct groups for annual cycle management of a declining shorebird: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 62, no. 5, p. 1152-1165, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14885.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1152","endPage":"1165","ipdsId":"IP-162500","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488308,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14885","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.61742203243398,\n 55.06220192129385\n ],\n [\n -125.78642691212771,\n 37.96714257094378\n ],\n [\n -112.79332255145798,\n 19.6607075263222\n ],\n [\n -96.55986873218092,\n 19.42104945978697\n ],\n [\n -98.16768517783267,\n 27.617354166317778\n ],\n [\n -93.88189635105832,\n 30.28935268993333\n ],\n [\n -80.97632580516836,\n 30.315920278541377\n ],\n [\n -95.50678240297971,\n 43.55365071845705\n ],\n [\n -100.13328021048312,\n 54.69226523920972\n ],\n [\n -130.61742203243398,\n 55.06220192129385\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Elly C.","contributorId":352283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knight","given":"Elly C.","affiliations":[{"id":84154,"text":"Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":930653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, J. 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