All of the gold mines, prospects, placers, and occurrences known in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle are tabulated in this report. The table lists, in consecutive order by county (fig. 1), the map number of each feature, which is located either on the accompanying Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle map or figure 2. The known name of the feature; the 7.5' topographic map on the which the gold site is located (if known, within 25 ft or 7.6 m), the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) northing and easting grid coordinates from the appropriate 7.5' topographic map; the commodity; remarks; and references are also listed. Some locations are known, but many sites are not verified and their locations are only approximate. References are listed in References Cited and referred to by number to save space.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2215C","usgsCitation":"D’Agostino, J.P., Mason, G.T., Zupan, A., Maybin, A.H., German, J.M., and Abrams, C.E., 1994, Gold occurrences in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2215, 1 Plate: 49.54 x 40.79 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2215C.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 49.54 x 40.79 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2215c.jpg"},{"id":390868,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5848.htm"},{"id":283690,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2215-C/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db6740a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agostino, John P.","contributorId":106957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, George T.","contributorId":51277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zupan, Alan J.W.","contributorId":8174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupan","given":"Alan J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maybin, Arthur H. III","contributorId":76403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maybin","given":"Arthur","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"German, Jerry M.","contributorId":94588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"German","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abrams, Charlotte E.","contributorId":58706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Charlotte","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":59827,"text":"mf2267 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Krumbo Reservoir Quadrangle, Harney County, Southeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:08:22","indexId":"mf2267","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2267","title":"Geologic map of the Krumbo Reservoir Quadrangle, Harney County, Southeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"The Krumbo Reservoir 7.5-minute quadrangle encompasses parts of the Blitzen Valley and northwestern flank of Steens Mountain in the Basin and Range physiographic province of southeastern Oregon (fig. 1). The entire map area is underlain by a bimodal assemblage of middle and upper Miocene olivine basalt flows and rhyolite ash-flow tuffs (figs. 2 and 3). This assemblage is characteristic of volcanic rocks in the northern Basin and Range province and is thought to result from Cascade Range back-arc volcanic activity (Hart and Carlson, 1987). Locally derived Quaternary alluvium blankets part of the area. Faulting associated with Basin and Range extension has created the north-trending Blitzen Valley. In contrast, west-northwest-striking faults are parallel to and probably related to the Brothers fault zone, a northwest-trending zone of closely spaced, discontinuous fractures (Walker, 1969c; Lawrence, 1976).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2267","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Krumbo Reservoir Quadrangle, Harney County, Southeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2267, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2267.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101979,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_338.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"338"},{"id":183653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284465,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2267/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Harney County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.875,42.875 ], [ -118.875,43.0 ], [ -118.75,43.0 ], [ -118.75,42.875 ], [ -118.875,42.875 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ca0e4b0b290850fa9b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Jenda A.","contributorId":61026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jenda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58671,"text":"mf2215D - 1994 - Mines, prospects, and occurrences of nonmetallic mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T21:20:19.599655","indexId":"mf2215D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2215","chapter":"D","title":"Mines, prospects, and occurrences of nonmetallic mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","docAbstract":"Mines, prospects, and occurrences of nonmetal mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle are tabulated in this report. There are 488 symbols representing 579 mines, prospects, and occurrences located in the quadrangle. There are 379 symbols used for 466 features in Georgia, 106 symbols for 110 features in South Carolina, and 3 symbols for 3 features in North Carolina. The table lists, in consecutive orders for each county (fig. 1), the map number of each feature, which correlates and locates the item on the accompanying Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle map. Also listed are the known name of the feature; the 7.5 topographic map on which the commodity site is located; the Transverse Mercator (UTM) northing and easting grid coordinates from the appropriate 7.5’ topographic map; the commodity; remarks; and references. Some locations are known, but many sites are not verified and their locations are only approximate. Reference are listed in References Cited and referred to by number to save space. The generalized tectonic framework for the quadrangle is shown in figure 2.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2215D","usgsCitation":"D’Agostino, J.P., O’Connor, B.J., Zupan, A., and Maybin, A.H., 1994, Mines, prospects, and occurrences of nonmetallic mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2215, 1 Plate: 56.50 x 39.20 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2215D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 56.50 x 39.20 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283691,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2215-D/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":390921,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5849.htm"},{"id":183852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2215d.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699d49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agostino, John P.","contributorId":106957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connor, Bruce J.","contributorId":32180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zupan, Alan J.W.","contributorId":8174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupan","given":"Alan J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maybin, Arthur H. III","contributorId":76403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maybin","given":"Arthur","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":58670,"text":"mf2215B - 1994 - Mines, prospects, and occurrences of metallic (excluding gold), pegmatite, and rare-earth mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T20:43:25.860011","indexId":"mf2215B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2215","chapter":"B","title":"Mines, prospects, and occurrences of metallic (excluding gold), pegmatite, and rare-earth mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","docAbstract":"All of the known mines, prospects, and occurrences of metallic (excluding gold, pegmatite, and rare-earth mineral commodities for the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle are tabulated in this report. The table lists, in consecutive order for each county (fig. 1), the map number of each item, which correlates and locates the item on the accompanying Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle map. The known name of the feature; the 7.5' topographic map on the which the commodity site is located; the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) northing and easting grid coordinates from the appropriate 7.5' topographic map; the commodity; remarks; and references are also listed. Some locations are known, but many sites are not verified and their locations are only approximate. References are listed in References Cited and referred to by number to save space.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2215B","usgsCitation":"D’Agostino, J.P., Zupan, A.J., Maybin, A.H., Abrams, C.E., and German, J.M., 1994, Mines, prospects, and occurrences of metallic (excluding gold), pegmatite, and rare-earth mineral commodities in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2215, 1 Plate: 49.81 x 39.90 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2215B.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 49.81 x 39.90 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2215b.jpg"},{"id":283689,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2215-B/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":390919,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5847.htm"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agostino, John P.","contributorId":106957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zupan, Alan Jon","contributorId":46008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupan","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"Jon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maybin, Arthur H. III","contributorId":76403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maybin","given":"Arthur","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abrams, Charlotte E.","contributorId":58706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Charlotte","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"German, Jerry M.","contributorId":94588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"German","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":58342,"text":"mf2239 - 1994 - Conodont color alteration index (CAI) map and conodont-based age determinations for the Winchester 30' x 60' Quadrangle and adjacent area, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:03:08","indexId":"mf2239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2239","title":"Conodont color alteration index (CAI) map and conodont-based age determinations for the Winchester 30' x 60' Quadrangle and adjacent area, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland","docAbstract":"Most of the conodont data presented in this report (table 1) were acquired to support 1:100,000-scale geologic mapping of the Winchester 30' X 60' quadrangle by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Conodonts were chosen to provide a biostratigraphic framework for the Upper Cambrian to Mississippian marine carbonate rocks that make up about 25 percent of the Paleozoic strata exposed in the quadrangle (~2,130 m of the approximately 9,450 m) of Paleozoic strata exposed in the quadrangle). Thickness of stratigraphic units are from McDowell (1991), our own measurements, and from many of the stratigraphic reports and geologic maps listed in the references cited. Conodont biostratigraphic and color alteration index (CAI) analyses help identify stratigraphic units and structural discontinuities, particularly in the Upper Cambrian to Middle Ordovician chiefly carbonate rocks of the Shenandoah Valley and North Mountain fault zone. Conodont biofacies analyses provide additional information about the provincial affinities of the conodonts and the depositional environment of the rocks that contain them. Lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and CAI data for all conodont samples are given in table 1.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2239","usgsCitation":"Harris, A.G., Stamm, N.R., Weary, D.J., Repetski, J.E., Stamm, R.G., and Parker, R., 1994, Conodont color alteration index (CAI) map and conodont-based age determinations for the Winchester 30' x 60' Quadrangle and adjacent area, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2239, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2239.","productDescription":"40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101960,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_294.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"294"},{"id":184544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284453,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2239/report.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Maryl;Virginia;West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.0,39.0 ], [ -79.0,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.0 ], [ -79.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5284e4b0b290850f4948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamm, Nancy R. 0000-0002-6026-7159 nstamm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-7159","contributorId":3071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"Nancy","email":"nstamm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stamm, Robert G. 0000-0001-9141-5364 rstamm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-5364","contributorId":4702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"Robert","email":"rstamm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parker, Ronald A.","contributorId":70350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Ronald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":58455,"text":"mf2245 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Venezuela part of the Puerto Ayacucho 2 degrees x 3 degrees Quadrangle, Amazonas Federal Territory, Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:04:00","indexId":"mf2245","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2245","title":"Geologic map of the Venezuela part of the Puerto Ayacucho 2 degrees x 3 degrees Quadrangle, Amazonas Federal Territory, Venezuela","docAbstract":"This map is one of a series of 1:500,000-scale maps that, along with several other products, stems from a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Corporacion Venezolana de Guayana, Tecnica Minera, C.A. (TECMIN), a Venezuelan Government-owned mining and mineral exploration company. The agreement covered cooperative work carried out in the Precambrian Shield of southern Venezuela during 1987-1991 and included a geologic and mineral resource inventory, technology transfer, and scientific training (Wynn and others, in press). The Precambrian Guayana Shield (Escudo de Guyana, not to be confused with the neighboring country of Guyana) includes some of the oldest known rocks in the world (Mendoza, 1977) and also covers parts of neighboring Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Columbia, and Brazil. In Venezuela, it underlies most of Bolivar state and all of the Amazonas Federal Territory (see index map).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2245","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J.C., Olmore, S.D., Mendoza, V., Garcia, A., Rendon, I., Estanga, Y., Rincon, H., Martinez, F., Lugo, E., Rivero, N., and Schruben, P.G., 1994, Geologic map of the Venezuela part of the Puerto Ayacucho 2 degrees x 3 degrees Quadrangle, Amazonas Federal Territory, Venezuela: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2245, Map: 41.51 x 26.74 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2245.","productDescription":"Map: 41.51 x 26.74 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2245.png"},{"id":284454,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2245/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","projection":"Equidistant Conic Projection","country":"Venezuela","city":"Puerto Ayacucho","otherGeospatial":"Amazonas Federal Territory","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.0,4.0 ], [ -68.0,6.0 ], [ -66.0,6.0 ], [ -66.0,4.0 ], [ -68.0,4.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5d33e4b0b290850faf60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":81081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olmore, Steven D.","contributorId":60946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olmore","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mendoza, Vicente","contributorId":96766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, Andres","contributorId":81565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Andres","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13379,"text":"Environmental Hydraulics Institute \"IH Cantabria\", C/ Isabel Torres nº15, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":259290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rendon, Ines","contributorId":93133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rendon","given":"Ines","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Estanga, Yasmin","contributorId":13132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estanga","given":"Yasmin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rincon, Haydee","contributorId":32604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rincon","given":"Haydee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Martinez, Felix","contributorId":45738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Felix","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lugo, Elis","contributorId":37008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lugo","given":"Elis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rivero, Nelson","contributorId":62678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivero","given":"Nelson","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schruben, Paul G.","contributorId":38974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schruben","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":60884,"text":"mf2252 - 1994 - Shoreline and coastal wetland variability along the west shore of Green Bay, Marinette and Oconto counties, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T13:14:25.110519","indexId":"mf2252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2252","title":"Shoreline and coastal wetland variability along the west shore of Green Bay, Marinette and Oconto counties, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Coastal wetland ecosystems along the Great Lakes shorelines are extremely valuable natural resources. They provide numerous environmental and recreational benefits, and they serve as critical habitats for fish and wildlife populations. In general terms, wetlands can be defined as lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems; they are characterized by periodic submergence or a water table at or near the surface and a predominance of hydric soils and hydrophytes. Changes in shoreline positions over time result in concomitant changes in the amount of adjacent coastal wetlands, frequently resulting in a permanent loss of these valuable resources. In the Great Lakes region, the main natural cause of shoreline changes are lake-level fluctuations that result from two interactive factors. One factor is the glacio-isostatic rebound of the lake basins, which has been occurring since the end of the late Wisconsin glaciation to the present. This crustal rebounding has slowly uplifted previous lake outlets, warped and tilted lake basins, and changed lake levels and shoreline positions. On the basis of historic lake-level gauge records, measured modern differential vertical uplift rates range from 0.26 ft/century in the southern part of the Great Lakes drainage basin to 1.74 ft/century in the northern part of the basin (Larsen, 1989). The second factor contributing to lake-level fluctuations is climate variability, which controls the amount of regional precipitation and evaporation, storm frequency, runoff, and resulting lake levels. Climate variability can occur over a wide spectrum of time scales; it can range from seasonal variations, to long-term trends of a few years or decades in duration, to trends lasting hundred of thousands of years. Climatic variations, in conjunction with glacio-isostatic rebound, have resulted in substantial temporal variability of the Great Lakes shorelines and associated wetland tracts during post-glacial times.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2252","usgsCitation":"Shideler, G.L., 1994, Shoreline and coastal wetland variability along the west shore of Green Bay, Marinette and Oconto counties, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2252, 1 Plate: 45.29 x 40.80 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2252.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 45.29 x 40.80 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183493,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2252.png"},{"id":284457,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2252/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":490274,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5874.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum 1929","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Marinette County, Oconto County","city":"Green Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.58,44.5 ], [ -88.58,45.0 ], [ -87.37,45.0 ], [ -87.37,44.5 ], [ -88.58,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72a1e4b0b290851086f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shideler, Gerald L.","contributorId":89137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shideler","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59559,"text":"mf2264E - 1994 - Map showing surficial and hydrologic features in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:07:25","indexId":"mf2264E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2264","chapter":"E","title":"Map showing surficial and hydrologic features in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"This is one in a series of five seismotectonic maps of the seismically active New Madrid area in southeast Missouri and adjacent parts of Arkansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee (table 1). ). We cannot legibly show all the seismotectonic data on a single map, therefore each of the five maps in this series groups a different type of related information. Rhea and others (1994) summarized the background and purpose of the seismotectonic map folio. To aid in locating small features mentioned in the text and tables we have divided the map area into 16 tracts (fig. 1); some of the small features are identified by tract number.
\nThe focus of this map is earthquake effects in the New Madrid area. The first part of the discussion is a description of some superficial effects of three great earthquakes that struck the map area during the winter of 1811-12 (Nuttli, 1973). Next, we discuss other possible records of recent deformation that may have bearing on the assessment of seismic hazards. Finally, some features of uncertain origins are discussed; these have unknown bearing on hazard assessment. Some swampy or flooded areas, locally called sunklands, are discussed in two places because two of the sunklands formed or enlarged during the 1811-12 earthquakes, whereas the others are of uncertain origins.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2264E","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., and Rhea, S., 1994, Map showing surficial and hydrologic features in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2264, Map: 57.62 x 42.60 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2264E.","productDescription":"Map: 57.62 x 42.60 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2264e.png"},{"id":284462,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2264-E/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd65f3e4b0b290851006e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":60686,"text":"mf2264B - 1994 - Map showing large structures interpreted from geophysical data in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T13:41:35","indexId":"mf2264B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2264","chapter":"B","title":"Map showing large structures interpreted from geophysical data in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of five seismotectonic maps of the seismically active New Madrid area in southeast Missouri and adjacent parts of Arkansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee (table 1). We cannot legibly show all the seismotectonic data on a single map, therefore each of the five maps in this series groups a different type of related information. Rhea and others (1994) summarized the background and purpose of the seismotectonic map folio.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2264B","usgsCitation":"Rhea, S., and Wheeler, R.L., 1994, Map showing large structures interpreted from geophysical data in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2264, Map: 45.28 x 41.10 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2264B.","productDescription":"Map: 45.28 x 41.10 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2264b.jpg"},{"id":283693,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2264-B/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":60687,"text":"mf2264C - 1994 - Map showing locations of geophysical survey and modeling lines in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T19:39:26.980405","indexId":"mf2264C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2264","chapter":"C","title":"Map showing locations of geophysical survey and modeling lines in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of five seismotectonic maps of the seismically active New Madrid area in southeast Missouri and adjacent parts of Arkansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee (table 1). We cannot legibly show all the seismotectonic data on a single map, therefore each of the five maps in this series groups a different type of related information. Rhea and others (1994) summarized the background and purpose of the seismotectonic map folio.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2264C","usgsCitation":"Rhea, S., and Wheeler, R.L., 1994, Map showing locations of geophysical survey and modeling lines in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2264, 1 Plate: 51.13 x 40.10, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2264C.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 51.13 x 40.10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490320,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5884.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":182797,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2264c.jpg"},{"id":283694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2264-C/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":60688,"text":"mf2264A - 1994 - Map showing seismicity and sandblows in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-09T16:57:06.818096","indexId":"mf2264A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2264","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing seismicity and sandblows in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of five seismotectic maps of the seismically active New Madrid, Missouri, area (table 1; Wheeler and others, 1992). The map area centers near the sites of three great earthquakes that struck during the winter of 1811-12 (Fuller, 1912; Nuttli, 1973). These earthquakes and continuing subsequent seismicity rank the New Madrid area with Cherlevoix, Quebec, as the two most seismically active areas in North America east of the Rocky Mountains. The threat posed by New Madrid seismicity to the central United States makes the area the focus of many investigations (for examples, Heyl and McKeown, 1978; McKeown and Pakiser, 1982; Algemissen and Hopper, 1984; Hamilton and Johnston, 1990; Applied Technology Council, 1991; Johnston and others, 1992). The map area includes the most intense seismic activity in the New Madrid region.
\nA seismotectic map shows some of the geologic and geophysical information needed to assess seismic hazard (Hadley and Devine, 1974; Pavoni, 1985). A previous seismotectonic map of the central Mississippi River valley (Heyl and McKeown, 1978) has had wide use for planning field surveys, as a base map for plotting data collected during single investigations, and for compiling a range of information. Since 1978 numcrous researchers have greatly advanced our knowledge of the geology and geophysics of the central Mississippi Valley. The New Madrid seismotectonic map folio updates approximately the south-central sixth of the central Mississippi Valley seismotectonic map of Heyl and McKeown (1978).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2264A","usgsCitation":"Rhea, B.S., Tarr, A.C., and Wheeler, R.L., 1994, Map showing seismicity and sandblows in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2264, 1 Plate: 50.28 x 41.13 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2264A.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 50.28 x 41.13 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490277,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5882.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2264-A/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":182798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2264a.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2ace","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, B. Susan","contributorId":98775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":264225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":59035,"text":"mf2265 - 1994 - Map showing depth to bedrock of the Tacoma and part of the Centralia 30' x 60' quadrangles, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T19:58:54.952246","indexId":"mf2265","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2265","title":"Map showing depth to bedrock of the Tacoma and part of the Centralia 30' x 60' quadrangles, Washington","docAbstract":"The heavily populated Puget Sound region in the State of Washington has experienced moderate to large earthquakes in the recent past (Nuttli, 1952; Mullineaux and others, 1967). Maps showing thickness of unconsolidated sedimentary deposits are useful aids in delineating areas where damage to engineered structures can result from increased shaking resulting from these earthquakes. Basins containing thick deposits of unconsolidated materials can amplify earthquakes waves and cause far more damage to structures than the same waves passing through bedrock (Singh and others, 1988; Algermissen and others, 1985). Configurations of deep sedimentary basins can also cause reflection and magnification of earthquake waves in ways still not fully understood and presently under investigation (Frankel and Vidale, 1992).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2265","usgsCitation":"Buchanan-Banks, J.M., and Collins, D.S., 1994, Map showing depth to bedrock of the Tacoma and part of the Centralia 30' x 60' quadrangles, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2265, 2 Plates: 37.20 x 52.65 inches and 40.98 x 25.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2265.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 37.20 x 52.65 inches and 40.98 x 25.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490322,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5887.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284464,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2265/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183802,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2265.png"},{"id":284463,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2265/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Centralia, Tacoma","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.0,47.0 ], [ -123.0,47.5 ], [ -122.0,47.5 ], [ -122.0,47.0 ], [ -123.0,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd65b4e4b0b29085100431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan-Banks, Jane M.","contributorId":29421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan-Banks","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, Donley S.","contributorId":93906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Donley","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":58777,"text":"mf2259 - 1994 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Sliderock Mountain area, Sweet Grass and Stillwater counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-23T18:51:25.505434","indexId":"mf2259","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2259","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Sliderock Mountain area, Sweet Grass and Stillwater counties, Montana","docAbstract":"The remains of a deeply eroded Late Cretaceous stratovolcano centered near Sliderock Mountain dominate the map area. The volcano consists mostly of lahars, although basaltic andesite lava flows are also present. An extensively eroded, weakly mineralized hypabyssal intrusive complex, inferred to represent the volcano's solidified magma chamber, intrudes previously erupted lava flows and associated lahars. Cretaceous sandstone and shale and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, principally limestone of the Madison Group, host the stratovolcano; remnants of these rocks are preserved as large xenoliths and roof pendants.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2259","usgsCitation":"Du Bray, E., Elliott, J.E., Van Gosen, B.S., LaRock, E.J., and West, A.W., 1994, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Sliderock Mountain area, Sweet Grass and Stillwater counties, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2259, 1 Plate: 31.37 x 33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2259.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 31.37 x 33 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495933,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5879.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":182424,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2259.png"},{"id":284460,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2259/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Stillwater County;Sweet Grass County","otherGeospatial":"Sliderock Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.0,45.5 ], [ -110.0,45.0 ], [ -109.0,45.0 ], [ -109.0,45.5 ], [ -110.0,45.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6f88e4b0b29085106797","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, J. E.","contributorId":19914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Gosen, B. S. 0000-0003-4214-3811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":97907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"B.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaRock, E. J.","contributorId":108190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRock","given":"E.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"West, A. W.","contributorId":51642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"A.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":61189,"text":"mf2264D - 1994 - Map showing structure of the Mississippi Valley Graben in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T19:53:57.223572","indexId":"mf2264D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2264","chapter":"D","title":"Map showing structure of the Mississippi Valley Graben in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of five seismotectonic maps of the seismically active New Madrid area in southeast Missouri and adjacent parts of Arkansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee (table 1). We cannot legibly show all the seismotectonic data on a single map, therefore each of the five maps in this series groups a different type of related information. Rhea and others (1994) summarized the background and purpose of the seismotectonic map folio. The different types of data shown on this map are described in table 2.
\nExcept for a few exposed faults, all structures shown on the map are in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the midcontinent or underlying metamorphic and igneous basement rocks of presumed Precambrian age (Dart, 1992; Muehlberger, 1992). Edge of Mississippi Embayment, as shown on the map, marks the contact between gently dipping, exposed Paleozoic rocks to the northwest (Anderson and others, 1979) and unconformably overlying, flat or gently dipping Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata of the embayment to the southeast.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2264D","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., Rhea, S., and Dart, R.L., 1994, Map showing structure of the Mississippi Valley Graben in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2264, 1 Plate: 56.77 x 41.62, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2264D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 56.77 x 41.62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187298,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2264d.png"},{"id":284461,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2264-D/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490321,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5885.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,37.0 ], [ -89.0,35.0 ], [ -91.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd65f2e4b0b290851006d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dart, Richard L. dart@usgs.gov","contributorId":1209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dart","given":"Richard","email":"dart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":265155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":60885,"text":"mf2254 - 1994 - Temporal variability of shoreline positions and coastal wetlands along lower Green Bay, Oconto and Brown counties, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:05:48","indexId":"mf2254","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2254","title":"Temporal variability of shoreline positions and coastal wetlands along lower Green Bay, Oconto and Brown counties, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The positions of shorelines and the areal extent of adjacent coastal wetland tracts in the Great Lakes region have exhibited substantial temporal variability during both prehistoric and historical times. Shoreline migration has resulted in environmental problems such as flooding and the coastal erosion of lakefront property, as well as the destruction of coastal wetland resources. In the Great Lakes region, the main natural cause for changes in shoreline position and adjacent wetland area is lake-level fluctuations, which results from two interactive factors. One factor is the glacio-isostatic rebound of the lake basins that has occurred from the end of the late Wisconsin glaciation to the present. This crustal rebounding has resulted in the slow uplifting of previous lake outlets and warping of lake basins, contributing to changing lake levels and shoreline migration. Historic lake-level gauge records indicate modern differential vertical uplift rates that range from 0.26 ft/century in the southern part of the Great Lakes drainage basin to 1.74 ft/century in the northern part of the basin (Larsen, 1989). The second factor contributing to lake-level fluctuations is climate variability, which causes variations in the amount of regional precipitation and evaporation, storm frequency, runoff, and resulting lake levels. Climate variability can occur over a wide spectrum of time scales, from seasonal variations, to longer-term trends of a few years or decades in duration, to trends lasting hundreds of thousands of years. A combination of both climatic variations and glacio-isostatic rebound has resulting in substantial temporal variability of the Great Lakes shorelines and associated coastal wetland tracts during post-glacial times.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2254","usgsCitation":"Shideler, G.L., 1994, Temporal variability of shoreline positions and coastal wetlands along lower Green Bay, Oconto and Brown counties, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2254, Map: 40.27 x 55.30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2254.","productDescription":"Map: 40.27 x 55.30 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2254.png"},{"id":284458,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2254/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum 1929","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Brown County;Oconto County","city":"Green Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0,44.5 ], [ -88.0,45.0 ], [ -86.5,45.0 ], [ -86.5,44.5 ], [ -88.0,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd768ce4b0b2908510af59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shideler, Gerald L.","contributorId":89137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shideler","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59093,"text":"mf2250 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Nutters Hole Quadrangle, Uintah and Carbon counties, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:14","indexId":"mf2250","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2250","title":"Geologic map of the Nutters Hole Quadrangle, Uintah and Carbon counties, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2250","usgsCitation":"Cashion, W.B., 1994, Geologic map of the Nutters Hole Quadrangle, Uintah and Carbon counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2250, 1 map ;58 x 45 cm., on sheet 81 x 71 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2250.","productDescription":"1 map ;58 x 45 cm., on sheet 81 x 71 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105324,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5872.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5872"},{"id":183990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":88601,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2250/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.86749999999999,39.75 ], [ -109.86749999999999,39.8675 ], [ -109.75,39.8675 ], [ -109.75,39.75 ], [ -109.86749999999999,39.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db69613f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cashion, W. B.","contributorId":75525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashion","given":"W.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58851,"text":"mf2271 - 1994 - Oblique maps of southeastern Alaska, showing major mineral localities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:18","indexId":"mf2271","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2271","title":"Oblique maps of southeastern Alaska, showing major mineral localities","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2271","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., and Ford, A.B., 1994, Oblique maps of southeastern Alaska, showing major mineral localities: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2271, 2 maps ;each 49 x 82 cm., on sheets 81 x 122 cm. and 64 x 122 cm. , folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2271.","productDescription":"2 maps ;each 49 x 82 cm., on sheets 81 x 122 cm. and 64 x 122 cm. , folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105329,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5891.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5891"},{"id":182490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,53 ], [ -144,62 ], [ -127,62 ], [ -127,53 ], [ -144,53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d91d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, T. R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, A. B.","contributorId":44924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":59063,"text":"mf2273 - 1994 - Stratigraphic framework for geologic and geohydrologic studies of the subsurface Cretaceous section near Charleston, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T18:26:56.362227","indexId":"mf2273","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2273","title":"Stratigraphic framework for geologic and geohydrologic studies of the subsurface Cretaceous section near Charleston, South Carolina","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2273","usgsCitation":"Campbell, B.G., and Gohn, G.S., 1994, Stratigraphic framework for geologic and geohydrologic studies of the subsurface Cretaceous section near Charleston, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2273, Report: 11 p.; 2 Plates: 41.50 × 34.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2273.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 2 Plates: 41.50 × 34.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406249,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":88593,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2273/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88592,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2273/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88591,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2273/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2273/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"154000","country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -79.6667,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -79.6667,\n 32.875\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 32.875\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 32.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, B. 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Rare carbonaceous shale and even rarer coal are present in the upper part of this sequence, and this interval of the formation might correspond to the middle part of the Ghazji exposed in areas to the north. We propose that, in the Johan area, those rocks below the upper part of the formation be referred to as the main body of the Ghazij (for example, main-body Ghazij). Underlying the Ghazij are the carbonate rocks of the Paleocene Dungan Formation (or its equivalent), and overlying the Ghazij are the mostly carbonate rocks of the Eocene Kirthar Formation (or its equivalent). Both contacts can be conformable or unconformable. All of the pre-Neogene rocks in Balochistan are greatly deformed by the collision of India and Asia. The Ghazij is especially susceptible to regional compressional tectonics because it contains a large amount of shale and is sandwiched between two thick carbonate units. As a result, bedding-plane faults and isoclinal folds are common.
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