{"pageNumber":"901","pageRowStart":"22500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70199503,"text":"70199503 - 2008 - Physiographically sensitive mapping of climatological temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T15:34:30","indexId":"70199503","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-12T15:33:55","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiographically sensitive mapping of climatological temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p>Spatial climate data sets of 1971–2000 mean monthly precipitation and minimum and maximum temperature were developed for the conterminous United States. These 30‐arcsec (∼800‐m) grids are the official spatial climate data sets of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The PRISM (Parameter‐elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model) interpolation method was used to develop data sets that reflected, as closely as possible, the current state of knowledge of spatial climate patterns in the United States. PRISM calculates a climate–elevation regression for each digital elevation model (DEM) grid cell, and stations entering the regression are assigned weights based primarily on the physiographic similarity of the station to the grid cell. Factors considered are location, elevation, coastal proximity, topographic facet orientation, vertical atmospheric layer, topographic position, and orographic effectiveness of the terrain. Surface stations used in the analysis numbered nearly 13 000 for precipitation and 10 000 for temperature. Station data were spatially quality controlled, and short‐period‐of‐record averages adjusted to better reflect the 1971–2000 period.</p><p>PRISM interpolation uncertainties were estimated with cross‐validation (C‐V) mean absolute error (MAE) and the 70% prediction interval of the climate–elevation regression function. The two measures were not well correlated at the point level, but were similar when averaged over large regions. The PRISM data set was compared with the WorldClim and Daymet spatial climate data sets. The comparison demonstrated that using a relatively dense station data set and the physiographically sensitive PRISM interpolation process resulted in substantially improved climate grids over those of WorldClim and Daymet. The improvement varied, however, depending on the complexity of the region. Mountainous and coastal areas of the western United States, characterized by sparse data coverage, large elevation gradients, rain shadows, inversions, cold air drainage, and coastal effects, showed the greatest improvement. The PRISM data set benefited from a peer review procedure that incorporated local knowledge and data into the development process.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1002/joc.1688","usgsCitation":"Daly, C., Halbleib, M., Smith, J.I., Gibson, W.P., Doggett, M.K., Taylor, G.H., Curtis, J., and Pasteris, P., 2008, Physiographically sensitive mapping of climatological temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States: International Journal of Climatology, v. 28, no. 15, p. 2031-2064, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1688.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"2031","endPage":"2064","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"28","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d445e4b034bf6a7f9f6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daly, Christopher","contributorId":83330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halbleib, Michael","contributorId":208013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halbleib","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph I.","contributorId":208014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibson, Wayne P.","contributorId":208015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doggett, Matthew K.","contributorId":208016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doggett","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, George H.","contributorId":24386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Curtis, Jan","contributorId":208017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curtis","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pasteris, Phil","contributorId":173363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pasteris","given":"Phil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70206344,"text":"70206344 - 2008 - Advancing process‐based watershed hydrological research using near‐surface geophysics: A vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-24T16:14:50","indexId":"70206344","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-11T16:36:09","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancing process‐based watershed hydrological research using near‐surface geophysics: A vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>We want to develop a dialogue between geophysicists and hydrologists interested in synergistically advancing process based watershed research. We identify recent advances in geophysical instrumentation, and provide a vision for the use of electrical and magnetic geophysical instrumentation in watershed scale hydrology. The focus of the paper is to identify instrumentation that could significantly advance this vision for geophysics and hydrology during the next 3–5 years. We acknowledge that this is one of a number of possible ways forward and seek only to offer a relatively narrow and achievable vision. The vision focuses on the measurement of geological structure and identification of flow paths using electrical and magnetic methods. The paper identifies instruments, provides examples of their use, and describes how synergy between measurement and modelling could be achieved. Of specific interest are the airborne systems that can cover large areas and are appropriate for watershed studies. Although airborne geophysics has been around for some time, only in the last few years have systems designed exclusively for hydrological applications begun to emerge. These systems, such as airborne electromagnetic (EM) and transient electromagnetic (TEM), could revolutionize hydrogeological interpretations. Our vision centers on developing nested and cross scale electrical and magnetic measurements that can be used to construct a three‐dimensional (3D) electrical or magnetic model of the subsurface in watersheds. The methodological framework assumes a ‘top down’ approach using airborne methods to identify the large scale, dominant architecture of the subsurface. We recognize that the integration of geophysical measurement methods, and data, into watershed process characterization and modelling can only be achieved through dialogue. Especially, through the development of partnerships between geophysicists and hydrologists, partnerships that explore how the application of geophysics can answer critical hydrological science questions, and conversely provide an understanding of the limitations of geophysical measurements and interpretation.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6963","usgsCitation":"Robinson, D., Binley, A., Crook, N., Day-Lewis, F., Ferre, T.P., Grauch, V.J., Knight, R., Knoll, M., Lakshmi, V., Miller, R., Nyquist, J., Pellerin, L., Singha, K., and Slater, L., 2008, Advancing process‐based watershed hydrological research using near‐surface geophysics: A vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical methods: Hydrological Processes, v. 22, no. 18, p. 3604-3635, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6963.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"3604","endPage":"3635","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, D.A.","contributorId":64895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binley, A.","contributorId":220130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Binley","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crook, N.","contributorId":222720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crook","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day-Lewis, F. D. 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":35773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"F. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferre, T. P. A","contributorId":206539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferre","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. A","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":783013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knight, R.","contributorId":22717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Knoll, M.","contributorId":222722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knoll","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lakshmi, V.","contributorId":58071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lakshmi","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, R.","contributorId":19118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nyquist, J.","contributorId":222723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyquist","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pellerin, L.","contributorId":94073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":201025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Slater, L.","contributorId":99267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slater","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":81000,"text":"sir20085007 - 2008 - Calibration of a water-quality model for low-flow conditions on the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T13:05:45","indexId":"sir20085007","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5007","title":"Calibration of a water-quality model for low-flow conditions on the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota, 2003","docAbstract":"A time-of-travel and reaeration-rate study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the North Dakota Department of Health, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the cities of Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota, to provide information to calibrate a water-quality model for streamflows of less than 150 cubic feet per second. Data collected from September 24 through 27, 2003, were used to develop and calibrate the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program model (hereinafter referred to as the Fargo WASP water-quality model) for a 19.2-mile reach of the Red River of the North.\r\n\r\nThe Fargo WASP water-quality model was calibrated for the transport of dye by fitting simulated time-concentration dye curves to measured time-concentration dye curves. Simulated peak concentrations were within 10 percent of measured concentrations. Simulated traveltimes of the dye cloud centroid were within 7 percent of measured traveltimes. The variances of the simulated dye concentrations were similar to the variances of the measured dye concentrations, indicating dispersion was reproduced reasonably well.\r\n\r\nAverage simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations were within 6 percent of average measured concentrations. Average simulated ammonia concentrations were within the range of measured concentrations. Simulated dissolved-oxygen and ammonia concentrations were affected by the specification of a single nitrification rate in the Fargo WASP water-quality model.\r\n\r\nData sets from August 1989 and August 1990 were used to test traveltime and simulation of dissolved oxygen and ammonia. For streamflows that ranged from 60 to 407 cubic feet per second, simulated traveltimes were within 7 percent of measured traveltimes. Measured dissolved-oxygen concentrations were underpredicted by less than 15 percent for both data sets. Results for ammonia were poor; measured ammonia concentrations were underpredicted by as much as 70 percent for both data sets. Overall, application of the Fargo WASP water-quality model to the 1989 and 1990 data sets resulted in poor agreement between measured and simulated concentrations. This likely is a result of changes in the waste-load composition for the Fargo and Moorhead wastewater-treatment plants as a result of improvements to the wastewater-treatment plants since 1990. The change in waste-load composition probably resulted in a change in decay rates and in dissolved oxygen no longer being substantially depressed downstream from the Moorhead and Fargo wastewater-treatment plants. The Fargo WASP water-quality model is valid for the current (2008) treatment processes at the wastewater-treatment plants.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Dakota Department of Health, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the cities of Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Lundgren, R.F., and Nustad, R.A., 2008, Calibration of a water-quality model for low-flow conditions on the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota, 2003 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5007, v, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085007.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-09-24","temporalEnd":"2003-09-27","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10862,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","city":"Fargo, Moorhead","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -101,45 ], [ -101,49 ], [ -94,49 ], [ -94,45 ], [ -101,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7288","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundgren, Robert F. 0000-0001-7669-0552 rflundgr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7669-0552","contributorId":1657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundgren","given":"Robert","email":"rflundgr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80996,"text":"ofr20071358 - 2008 - Hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T09:49:17","indexId":"ofr20071358","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1358","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey’s Leetown Science Center and the co-located U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture both depend on large volumes of cold clean ground water to support research operations at their facilities. Currently, ground-water demands are provided by three springs and two standby production wells used to augment supplies during periods of low spring flow. Future expansion of research operations at the Leetown Science Center is dependent on assessing the availability and quality of water to the facilities and in locating prospective sites for additional wells to augment existing water supplies. The hydrogeology of the Leetown area, West Virginia, is a structurally complex karst aquifer. Although the aquifer is a karst system, it is not typical of most highly cavernous karst systems, but is dominated by broad areas of fractured rock drained by a relatively small number of solution conduits. Characterization of the aquifer by use of fluorometric tracer tests, a common approach in most karst terranes, therefore only partly defines the hydrogeologic setting of the area. In order to fully assess the hydrogeology and water quality in the vicinity of Leetown, a multi-disciplinary approach that included both fractured rock and karst research components was needed.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey developed this multi-disciplinary research effort to include geologic, hydrologic, geophysical, geographic, water-quality, and microbiological investigations in order to fully characterize the hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia. Detailed geologic and karst mapping provided the framework on which hydrologic investigations were based. Fracture trace and lineament analysis helped locate potential water-bearing fractures and guided installation of monitoring wells. Monitoring wells were drilled for borehole geophysical surveys, water-quality sampling, water-level measurements, and aquifer tests to characterize the quality of water and the hydraulic properties of the aquifer. Surface geophysical surveys provided a 3-dimensional view of bedrock resistivity in order to assess geologic and lithologic controls on ground-water flow. Borehole geophysical surveys were conducted in monitoring wells to assess the storage and movement of water in subsurface fractures. Numerous single-well, multi-well, and straddle packer aquifer tests and step-drawdown tests were conducted to define the hydraulic properties of the aquifer and to assess the role of bedrock fractures and solution conduits in the flow of ground water. Water samples collected from wells and springs were analyzed to assess the current quality of ground water and provide a baseline for future assessment. Microbiological sampling of wells for indicator bacteria and human and animal DNA provided an analysis of agricultural and suburban development impacts on ground-water quality. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data were analyzed to develop digital elevation models (DEMs) for assessing sinkhole distribution, to provide elevation data for development of a ground-water flow model, and to assess the distribution of major fractures and faults in the Leetown area.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The flow of ground water in the study area is controlled by lithology and geologic structure. Bedrock, especially low permeability units such as the shale Martinsburg Formation and the Conococheague Limestone, act as barriers to water flowing down gradient and across bedding. This retardation of cross-strike flow is especially pronounced in the Leetown area, where bedding typically dips at steep angles. Highly permeable fault and fracture zones that disrupt the rocks in cross-strike directions provide avenues through which ground water can flow laterally across or through strata of low primary permeability. Significant strike parallel thrust faults and cross-strike faults typically coincide with larger solution conduits and act as drains for the more pervasive network of interconnected diffuse fractures.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Results of borehole geophysical surveys indicate that although numerous fractures may intersect a borehole, only one or two of the fractures typically transmit most of the water to a well. The diffuse-flow dominated network of fractures that provides the majority of storage occupies only a small proportion of the total aquifer volume but constitutes the majority of porosity within the aquifer. Solution conduits, while occupying a relatively small volume of the overall aquifer, are especially important because they serve as primary drains for the ground-water flow system. Surface resistivity maps and cross-sectionsshow anomalous areas of low resistivities coincident with the prevailing geologic strike at N. 20º E., with major cross-strike faults, and with major springs in the region.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Transmissivity derived from straddle packer tests was highly variable, and ranged over three orders of magnitude (1.8 x 10<sup>-6</sup> to 5.9 x 10<sup>-3</sup> ft<sup>2</sup>/d) in diffuse-flow fractures. A similar large variability in transmissivity was documented by single- and multi-well aquifer tests conducted in conduit-flow dominated portions of the aquifer (2.0 x 10<sup>3</sup> to 1.4 x 10<sup>4</sup> ft<sup>2</sup>/d) in lowland areas immediately adjacent to the Leetown Science Center.</p>\n<br>\n<p>A stream-gaging station installed on Hopewell Run near the point where the stream exits the Leetown watershed indicates average daily streamflow for the Hopewell Run of approximately 11.2 ft<sup>3</sup>/s, and ranged from a minimum of 1.80 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on September 28, 2005, to a maximum of 73.0 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on December 11, 2003. Base-flow (ground-water) discharge surveys identified numerous small seeps adjacent to streams in the area. Hydrographs of the stage of Balch Spring show rapid response to individual storms. Strong correlation of the flow of Hopewell Run and Balch Spring indicates the nearby losing stream reach is partly responsible for higher fluctuations in the stage of Balch Spring. A water budget for the study period (2003-2005), based on measured precipitation and hydrograph analyses, is expressed as Precipitation (38.60 in/yr) = Surface Runoff (1.36 in/yr) + Ground-Water Discharge (17.73 in/yr) + Evapotranspiration (24.23 in/yr) – Change in storage (4.72 in/yr).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Flow of ground water through the epikarst, a shallow zone of intensely weathered rock and regolith, can be rapid (on the order of days or weeks) as flow is concentrated in solution conduits. Flow within the intermediate and deeper zones is typically much slower. Eight dye-tracer tests conducted in the Leetown area found ground-water flow patterns to be divergent, with velocities ranging from about 12.5 to 610 ft/day and a median velocity of 50 ft/day. Estimates of ground-water age in carbonate rocks in the region are on the order of 15 years in the shallower portions of the aquifer to 50 years or older for deeper portions of the aquifer. Shallow springs can have a significant component of fairly young water (< 5 years in age).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Ground-water samples collected from 16 sites (12 wells and 4 springs) in the Leetown area were analyzed for more than 340 constituents. Only turbidity, indicator bacteria, and radon were typically present in concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking-water or aquatic life standards.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071358","usgsCitation":"Kozar, M.D., McCoy, K.J., Weary, D.J., Field, M.S., Pierce, H., Schill, W.B., and Young, J.A., 2008, Hydrogeology and water quality of the Leetown area, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1358, Report: ix, 100 p.; 6 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071358.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 100 p.; 6 Appendices","numberOfPages":"212","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071358.PNG"},{"id":10858,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1358/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":294103,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1358/pdf/ofr2007-1358.all.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","city":"Leetown","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.0,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.366667 ], [ -77.9,39.366667 ], [ -77.9,39.3 ], [ -78.0,39.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozar, Mark D. 0000-0001-7755-7657 mdkozar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7755-7657","contributorId":1963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozar","given":"Mark","email":"mdkozar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, Malcolm S.","contributorId":89243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierce, Herbert A.","contributorId":83093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Herbert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schill, William Bane","contributorId":95970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Bane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, John A. 0000-0002-4500-3673 jyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":3777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"John","email":"jyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":80995,"text":"ofr20071383 - 2008 - Head Observation Organizer (HObO)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:30","indexId":"ofr20071383","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1383","title":"Head Observation Organizer (HObO)","docAbstract":"The Head Observation Organizer, HObO, is a computer program that stores and manages measured ground-water levels. HObO was developed to help ground-water modelers compile, manage, and document water-level data needed to calibrate ground-water models. Well-construction and water-level data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Database (NWIS) easily can be imported into HObO from the NWIS web site (NWISWeb). The water-level data can be flagged to determine which data will be included in the calibration data set. The utility program HObO_NWISWeb was developed to simplify the down loading of well and water-level data from NWISWeb. An ArcGIS NWISWeb Extension was developed to retrieve site information from NWISWeb. A tutorial is presented showing the basic elements of HObO.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071383","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, \r\nNational Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement, DE-A152-07NA28100","usgsCitation":"Predmore, S., 2008, Head Observation Organizer (HObO): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1383, Report: v, 68 p.; Installer; Extension, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071383.","productDescription":"Report: v, 68 p.; Installer; Extension","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1383/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predmore, Steven","contributorId":105004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80994,"text":"ds329 - 2008 - Algal Attributes: An Autecological Classification of Algal Taxa Collected by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:24","indexId":"ds329","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"329","title":"Algal Attributes: An Autecological Classification of Algal Taxa Collected by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"Algae are excellent indicators of water-quality conditions, notably nutrient and organic enrichment, and also are indicators of major ion, dissolved oxygen, and pH concentrations and stream microhabitat conditions. The autecology, or physiological optima and tolerance, of algal species for various water-quality contaminants and conditions is relatively well understood for certain groups of freshwater algae, notably diatoms. However, applications of autecological information for water-quality assessments have been limited because of challenges associated with compiling autecological literature from disparate sources, tracking name changes for a large number of algal species, and creating an autecological data base from which algal-indicator metrics can be calculated. A comprehensive summary of algal autecological attributes for North American streams and rivers does not exist. This report describes a large, digital data file containing 28,182 records for 5,939 algal taxa, generally species or variety, collected by the U.S. Geological Survey?s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The data file includes 37 algal attributes classified by over 100 algal-indicator codes or metrics that can be calculated easily with readily available software. Algal attributes include qualitative classifications based on European and North American autecological literature, and semi-quantitative, weighted-average regression approaches for estimating optima using regional and national NAWQA data. Applications of algal metrics in water-quality assessments are discussed and national quartile distributions of metric scores are shown for selected indicator metrics.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds329","usgsCitation":"Porter, S.D., 2008, Algal Attributes: An Autecological Classification of Algal Taxa Collected by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 329, Report: iv, 18 p.; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds329.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 18 p.; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10856,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/ds329/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688112","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porter, Stephen D.","contributorId":16429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80991,"text":"ofr20081005 - 2008 - Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-07T19:24:37.232653","indexId":"ofr20081005","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1005","title":"Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model","docAbstract":"<p class=\"content style1\">A recently compiled mosaic of a LIDAR-based digital elevation model (DEM) is presented with geomorphic analysis of new macro-topographic details. The geologic framework of the surficial and near surface late Cenozoic deposits of the central uplands, Pocomoke River valley, and the Atlantic Coast includes Cenozoic to recent sediments from fluvial, estuarine, and littoral depositional environments. Extensive Pleistocene (cold climate) sandy dune fields are deposited over much of the terraced landscape. The macro details from the LIDAR image reveal 2 meter-scale resolution of details of the shapes of individual dunes, and fields of translocated sand sheets. Most terrace surfaces are overprinted with circular to elliptical rimmed basins that represent complex histories of ephemeral ponds that were formed, drained, and overprinted by younger basins. The terrains of composite ephemeral ponds and the dune fields are inter-shingled at their margins indicating contemporaneous erosion, deposition, and re-arrangement and possible internal deformation of the surficial deposits. The aggregate of these landform details and their deposits are interpreted as the products of arid, cold climate processes that were common to the mid-Atlantic region during the Last Glacial Maximum.</p><p class=\"content style1\">In the Pocomoke valley and its larger tributaries, erosional remnants of sandy flood plains with anastomosing channels indicate the dynamics of former hydrology and sediment load of the watershed that prevailed at the end of the Pleistocene. As the climate warmed and precipitation increased during the transition from late Pleistocene to Holocene, dune fields were stabilized by vegetation, and the stream discharge increased. The increased discharge and greater local relief of streams graded to lower sea levels stimulated down cutting and created the deeply incised valleys out onto the continental shelf. These incised valleys have been filling with fluvial to intertidal deposits that record the rising sea level and warmer, more humid climate in the mid-Atlantic region throughout the Holocene. Thus, the geomorphic details provided by the new LIDAR DEM actually record the response of the landscape to abrupt climate change.</p><p class=\"content style1\">Holocene trends and land-use patterns from Colonial to modern times can also be interpreted from the local macro- scale details of the landscape. Beyond the obvious utility of these data for land-use planning and assessments of resources and hazards, the new map presents new details on the impact of climate changes on a mid-latitude, outer Coastal plain landscape.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081005","usgsCitation":"Newell, W., and Clark, I.E., 2008, Geomorphic map of Worcester County, Maryland, interpreted from a LIDAR-based, digital elevation model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1005, Report: 34 p.; 2 Plates: 44.00 × 37.00 inches and 60.00 × 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081005.","productDescription":"Report: 34 p.; 2 Plates: 44.00 × 37.00 inches and 60.00 × 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10853,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403214,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83375.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Worcester County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.65048217773438,\n              38.01239425385966\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.146484375,\n              38.01239425385966\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.146484375,\n              38.28023506734758\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.65048217773438,\n              38.28023506734758\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.65048217773438,\n              38.01239425385966\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c558","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newell, Wayne L.","contributorId":48538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Inga E. 0000-0003-0084-0256 iclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-0256","contributorId":3256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Inga","email":"iclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80984,"text":"ofr20081009 - 2008 - Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr20081009","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1009","title":"Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California","docAbstract":"The geologic and geophysical maps of Santa Rosa 7.5? quadrangle and accompanying structure sections portray the sedimentary and volcanic stratigraphy and crustal structure of the Santa Rosa 7.5? quadrangle and provide a context for interpreting the evolution of volcanism and active faulting in this region. The quadrangle is located in the California Coast Ranges north of San Francisco Bay and is traversed by the active Rodgers Creek, Healdsburg and Maacama Fault Zones. The geologic and geophysical data presented in this report, are substantial improvements over previous geologic and geophysical maps of the Santa Rosa area, allowing us to address important geologic issues. First, the geologic mapping is integrated with gravity and magnetic data, allowing us to depict the thicknesses of Cenozoic deposits, the depth and configuration of the Mesozoic basement surface, and the geometry of fault structures beneath this region to depths of several kilometers. This information has important implications for constraining the geometries of major active faults and for understanding and predicting the distribution and intensity of damage from ground shaking during earthquakes. Secondly, the geologic map and the accompanying description of the area describe in detail the distribution, geometry and complexity of faulting associated with the Rodgers Creek, Healdsburg and Bennett Valley Fault Zones and associated faults in the Santa Rosa quadrangle. The timing of fault movements is constrained by new 40Ar/39Ar ages and tephrochronologic correlations. These new data provide a better understanding of the stratigraphy of the extensive sedimentary and volcanic cover in the area and, in particular, clarify the formational affinities of Pliocene and Pleistocene nonmarine sedimentary units in the map area. Thirdly, the geophysics, particularly gravity data, indicate the locations of thick sections of sedimentary and volcanic fill within ground water basins of the Santa Rosa plain and Rincon, Bennett, and northwestern Sonoma Valleys, providing geohydrologists a more realistic framework for groundwater flow models.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081009","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, R.J., Langenheim, V., Sarna-Wojcicki, A., Fleck, R., McPhee, D., Roberts, C.W., McCabe, C., and Wan, E., 2008, Geologic and Geophysical Framework of the Santa Rosa 7.5' Quadrangle, Sonoma County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1009, Report: iv, 51 p.; 3 Sheets: each 54 x 36 inches; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081009.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 51 p.; 3 Sheets: each 54 x 36 inches; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10845,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,38.25 ], [ -122.75,38.5 ], [ -122.5,38.5 ], [ -122.5,38.25 ], [ -122.75,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a639d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, R. J. 0000-0002-4390-2288","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":107271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M. 0000-0002-0244-9149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-9149","contributorId":104022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarna-Wojcicki","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, R.J.","contributorId":25147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roberts, C. W.","contributorId":61816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCabe, C.A.","contributorId":88037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80982,"text":"fs20083001 - 2008 - Hydroacoustic Applications in South Carolina: Technological Advancements in the Streamgaging Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T09:49:13","indexId":"fs20083001","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3001","title":"Hydroacoustic Applications in South Carolina: Technological Advancements in the Streamgaging Network","docAbstract":"Until the 1990s, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) had been making streamflow measurements using the same type of equipment for more than 100 years. The Price AA current meter was developed by USGS engineers in 1896. Until recently, the majority of all streamflow measurements made by the USGS were made using this instrument. In the mid-1990s, a new technology emerged in the field of inland streamflow monitoring. The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), originally developed for oceanographic work, was adapted for inland streamflow measurements. This instrument is transforming the USGS streamgaging program.\r\n\r\nThe ADCP transmits an acoustic pulse through the water column. A 'Doppler shift' is measured as the signal is reflected off of particles in the water, such as sediment and microorganisms. Based on the assumption that the particles in the water are traveling at the same velocity as the water itself, a water velocity is computed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20083001","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J.M., 2008, Hydroacoustic Applications in South Carolina: Technological Advancements in the Streamgaging Network: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3001, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083001.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3001.jpg"},{"id":10843,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62977a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, John M. 0000-0002-4787-9572 jmshelto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-9572","contributorId":1751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"John","email":"jmshelto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70193774,"text":"70193774 - 2008 - Implications of rate-limited mass transfer for aquifer storage and recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T11:41:43","indexId":"70193774","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of rate-limited mass transfer for aquifer storage and recovery","docAbstract":"<p><span>Pressure to decrease reliance on surface water storage has led to increased interest in aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) systems. Recovery efficiency, which is the ratio of the volume of recovered water that meets a predefined standard to total volume of injected fluid, is a common criterion of ASR viability. Recovery efficiency can be degraded by a number of physical and geochemical processes, including rate-limited mass transfer (RLMT), which describes the exchange of solutes between mobile and immobile pore fluids. RLMT may control transport behavior that cannot be explained by advection and dispersion. We present data from a pilot-scale ASR study in Charleston, South Carolina, and develop a three-dimensional finite-difference model to evaluate the impact of RLMT processes on ASR efficiency. The modeling shows that RLMT can explain a rebound in salinity during fresh water storage in a brackish aquifer. Multicycle model results show low efficiencies over one to three ASR cycles due to RLMT degrading water quality during storage; efficiencies can evolve and improve markedly, however, over multiple cycles, even exceeding efficiencies generated by advection-dispersion only models. For an idealized ASR model where RLMT is active, our simulations show a discrete range of diffusive length scales over which the viability of ASR schemes in brackish aquifers would be hindered.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00435.x","usgsCitation":"Culkin, S.L., Singha, K., and Day-Lewis, F.D., 2008, Implications of rate-limited mass transfer for aquifer storage and recovery: Groundwater, v. 46, no. 4, p. 591-605, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00435.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"605","ipdsId":"IP-003165","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00435.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425f3e4b0dc0b45b4570a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culkin, Sean L.","contributorId":199913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culkin","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13035,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singha, Kamini ","contributorId":199833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"Kamini ","affiliations":[{"id":13035,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80981,"text":"sir20075250 - 2008 - Private Domestic-Well Characteristics and the Distribution of Domestic Withdrawals among Aquifers in the Virginia Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:26","indexId":"sir20075250","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5250","title":"Private Domestic-Well Characteristics and the Distribution of Domestic Withdrawals among Aquifers in the Virginia Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"A comprehensive analysis of private domestic wells and self-supplied domestic ground-water withdrawals in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province of Virginia indicates that the magnitudes of these withdrawals and their effects on local and regional ground-water flow are larger and more important than previous reports have stated. Self-supplied ground-water withdrawals for domestic use in the Virginia Coastal Plain are estimated to be approximately 40 million gallons per day, or about 28 percent of all ground-water withdrawals in the area. Contrary to widely held assumptions, only 22 percent of domestic wells in the Virginia Coastal Plain are completed in the shallow, unconfined surficial aquifer to which the water is returned directly by home septic systems. Fifty-three percent of the wells are completed in six deeper confined aquifers, and the remaining 25 percent are completed in the Potomac aquifer and confining zone, the deepest units in the confined system. Assuming an equal rate of withdrawal per well, 78 percent of domestic ground-water withdrawal, or about 30 million gallons per day, is removed from the regional confined ground-water system.\r\n\r\nDomestic ground-water withdrawal from an estimated 200,000 private wells supplies more than 15 percent of the population of the area and provides almost the entire source of water in some rural counties. The geographic distribution of these withdrawals is dependent on the self-supplied population and is highly variable. Domestic-well characteristics vary spatially as well, primarily because of geographic differences in depths to particular aquifers, but also because of well-drilling practices that are influenced by geographic, regulatory, and socioeconomic factors.\r\n\r\nDomestic ground-water withdrawals in the Virginia Coastal Plain were characterized as part of a larger study to analyze the regional ground-water flow system. Characterizing the withdrawals required differentiation of the withdrawals among the aquifers in the area in addition to determination of the geographic distribution of the withdrawals. Because of a lack of comprehensive data on private-well construction and distribution, a sample of private domestic-well records was used to estimate well characteristics and approximate the proportion of wells and withdrawals associated with each aquifer. Construction data on 2,846 private domestic wells were collected from 29 counties and independent cities (localities) having appreciable self-supplied populations and representing private domestic withdrawals of about 31 million gallons per day. Within each locality, geographically stratified random sampling of well records by tax plat characterized details of well construction for the population of domestic wells. Because neither specific location data nor aquifer elevations were available for individual wells, the primary aquifer in which each well is completed was estimated by cross-referencing the screen elevation estimated from the well record with a generalized configuration of hydrogeologic units underlying the locality in which the well is located. For each locality, summarizing the results of this process allowed the determination of the proportion of wells and withdrawals associated with each aquifer.\r\n\r\nAdditional evaluation of spatial data was used to apply the domestic withdrawal rates developed for each aquifer in each locality to a detailed ground-water study of the portion of the Virginia Coastal Plain east of the Chesapeake Bay, which is known as the Eastern Shore Peninsula. Because domestic withdrawal estimates are based on the self-supplied population, the geographic distribution of withdrawals within each of the Eastern Shore counties was estimated by using population data from the 2000 U.S. Census at the resolution of census block groups and further refining the distribution based on road density. The allocation of withdrawals among aquifers was then determined by cross-referencing the spatial distribut","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075250","usgsCitation":"Pope, J.P., McFarland, R.E., and Banks, R.B., 2008, Private Domestic-Well Characteristics and the Distribution of Domestic Withdrawals among Aquifers in the Virginia Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5250, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075250.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10842,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5250/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.25,36.166666666666664 ], [ -78.25,39.166666666666664 ], [ -75,39.166666666666664 ], [ -75,36.166666666666664 ], [ -78.25,36.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a00d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Jason P. 0000-0003-3199-993X jpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-993X","contributorId":2044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Jason","email":"jpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFarland, Randolph E.","contributorId":93879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banks, R. Brent","contributorId":68000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80977,"text":"ofr20081093 - 2008 - Investigation of organic chemicals potentially responsible for mortality and intersex in fish of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Virginia, during Spring of 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T12:25:24","indexId":"ofr20081093","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1093","title":"Investigation of organic chemicals potentially responsible for mortality and intersex in fish of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Virginia, during Spring of 2007","docAbstract":"Declining fish health, fish exhibiting external lesions, incidences of intersex, and death, have been observed recently within the Potomac River basin. The basin receives surface runoff and direct inputs from agricultural, industrial, and other human activities. Two locations on the North Fork of the Shenandoah River were selected for study in an attempt to identify chemicals that may have contributed to the declining fish health. Two passive sampling devices, semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), were deployed during consecutive two-month periods during the spring and early summer of 2007 to measure select organic contaminants to which fish may have been exposed. This study determined that concentrations of persistent hydrophobic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (< picograms per liter), legacy pesticides (<10 picograms per liter), and polychlorinated biphenyls (<280 picograms per liter) were low and indicative of a largely agricultural area. Atrazine and simazine were the most commonly detected pesticides. Atrazine concentrations ranged from 68 to 170 nanograms per liter for the March to April study period and 320 to 650 nanograms per liter for the April to June study period. Few chemicals characteristic of wastewater treatment plant effluent or septic tank discharges were identified. In contrast, para-cresol, N,N-diethyltoluamide, and caffeine commonly were detected. Prescription pharmaceuticals including carbamazepine, venlafaxine, and 17a-ethynylestradiol were at low concentrations. Extracts from the passive samplers also were screened for the presence of estrogenic chemicals using the yeast estrogen screen. An estrogenic response was observed in POCIS samples from both sites, whereas SPMD samples exhibited little to no estrogenicity. This indicates that the chemicals producing the estrogenic response have a greater water solubility and are, therefore, less likely to bioaccumulate in fatty tissues of organisms.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081093","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Friends of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, D., Cranor, W.L., Perkins, S.D., Schroeder, V., Werner, S., Furlong, E.T., and Holmes, J., 2008, Investigation of organic chemicals potentially responsible for mortality and intersex in fish of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Virginia, during Spring of 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1093, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081093.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10838,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.75,36.5 ], [ -83.75,39.5 ], [ -75.75,39.5 ], [ -75.75,36.5 ], [ -83.75,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db5303ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvarez, David A.","contributorId":72755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cranor, Walter L.","contributorId":21653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranor","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Stephanie D. sperkins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Stephanie","email":"sperkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schroeder, Vickie L.","contributorId":8574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Vickie L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Werner, Stephen","contributorId":92357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Holmes, John","contributorId":88442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":80971,"text":"ds271 - 2008 - Compilation of Stratigraphic Thicknesses for Caldera-Related Tertiary Volcanic Rocks, East-Central Nevada and West-Central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ds271","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"271","title":"Compilation of Stratigraphic Thicknesses for Caldera-Related Tertiary Volcanic Rocks, East-Central Nevada and West-Central Utah","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Desert Research Institute (DRI), and a designee from the State of Utah are currently conducting a water-resources study of aquifers in White Pine County, Nevada, and adjacent areas in Nevada and Utah, in response to concerns about water availability and limited geohydrologic information relevant to ground-water flow in the region. Production of ground water in this region could impact water accumulations in three general types of aquifer materials: consolidated Paleozoic carbonate bedrock, and basin-filling Cenozoic volcanic rocks and unconsolidated Quaternary sediments. At present, the full impact of extracting ground water from any or all of these potential valley-graben reservoirs is not fully understood. A thorough understanding of intermontane basin stratigraphy, mostly concealed by the youngest unconsolidated deposits that blanket the surface in these valleys, is critical to an understanding of the regional hydrology in this area. This report presents a literature-based compilation of geologic data, especially thicknesses and lithologic characteristics, for Tertiary volcanic rocks that are presumably present in the subsurface of the intermontane valleys, which are prominent features of this area.\r\n\r\nTwo methods are used to estimate volcanic-rock thickness beneath valleys: (1) published geologic maps and accompanying descriptions of map units were used to compile the aggregate thicknesses of Tertiary stratigraphic units present in each mountain range within the study areas, and then interpolated to infer volcanic-rock thickness in the intervening valley, and (2) published isopach maps for individual out-flow ash-flow tuff were converted to digital spatial data and thickness was added together to produce a regional thickness map that aggregates thickness of the individual units. The two methods yield generally similar results and are similar to volcanic-rock thickness observed in a limited number of oil and gas exploration drill holes in the region, although local geologic complexity and the inherent assumptions in both methods allow only general comparison. These methods serve the needs of regional ground-water studies that require a three-dimensional depiction of the extent and thickness of subsurface geologic units. The compilation of geologic data from published maps and reports provides a general understanding of the distribution and thickness of tuffs that are presumably present in the subsurface of the intermontane valleys and are critical to understanding the ground-water hydrology of this area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds271","isbn":"9781411318618","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D.S., and Du Bray, E., 2008, Compilation of Stratigraphic Thicknesses for Caldera-Related Tertiary Volcanic Rocks, East-Central Nevada and West-Central Utah (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 271, Report: iv, 40 p.; Downloads Directory; Also available on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds271.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 40 p.; Downloads Directory; Also available on CD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10832,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/271/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.02057,36.742625 ], [ -117.02057,40.121566 ], [ -111.60399,40.121566 ], [ -111.60399,36.742625 ], [ -117.02057,36.742625 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa03a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweetkind, D. S.","contributorId":61507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80970,"text":"ofr20081090 - 2008 - Chemical Results of Laboratory Dry/Rewet Experiments Conducted on Wetland Soils from Two Sites in the Everglades, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:31","indexId":"ofr20081090","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1090","title":"Chemical Results of Laboratory Dry/Rewet Experiments Conducted on Wetland Soils from Two Sites in the Everglades, Florida","docAbstract":"Drought and fire are natural environmental factors that have historically impacted and shaped the Everglades ecosystem. For example, drought and fire help to maintain the existing ecosystem biotic assemblage by periodically eradicating invading flora not adapted to living with this normal aspect of Everglades' ecology. Flora native to the Everglades are adapted to withstand normal drought cycles and all but the most intense fire conditions that burn into the peat substrate. Remobilization of nutrients and other elements from wetland soil following drought/fire and rewetting may actually stimulate plant re-growth, assisting in the recovery of the ecosystem from these events, and play a role in maintaining the geochemical balance of the ecosystem.\r\n\r\nAlthough drought/fire cycles occur naturally in the Everglades' ecosystem, the frequency, intensity, and duration of these events have been altered by anthropogenic activities. The hydrology of the ecosystem has been changed by the construction of water management structures starting around 1900 and continuing through the 1970s. These structures include canals, levees, and pumping stations around Lake Okeechobee and within the Everglades. In addition, water management practices have preferentially moved water toward agricultural and urban areas and away from the Everglades during periods of low rainfall. One result of these practices has been more severe drought and fire cycles within the ecosystem compared to pre-development activity. A major goal of restoration efforts in the Everglades is to restore a more natural flow of water into the ecosystem to alleviate some of the extreme drought and fire conditions witnessed during the past several decades.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081090","usgsCitation":"Orem, W.H., 2008, Chemical Results of Laboratory Dry/Rewet Experiments Conducted on Wetland Soils from Two Sites in the Everglades, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1090, iii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081090.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10830,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80962,"text":"sir20075216 - 2008 - Estimating Water Fluxes Across the Sediment-Water Interface in the Lower Merced River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:47","indexId":"sir20075216","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5216","title":"Estimating Water Fluxes Across the Sediment-Water Interface in the Lower Merced River, California","docAbstract":"The lower Merced River Basin was chosen by the U.S. Geological Survey?s (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) to be included in a national study on how hydrological processes and agricultural practices interact to affect the transport and fate of agricultural chemicals. As part of this effort, surface-water?ground-water (sw?gw) interactions were studied in an instrumented 100-m reach on the lower Merced River. This study focused on estimating vertical rates of exchange across the sediment?water interface by direct measurement using seepage meters and by using temperature as a tracer coupled with numerical modeling. Temperature loggers and pressure transducers were placed in monitoring wells within the streambed and in the river to continuously monitor temperature and hydraulic head every 15 minutes from March 2004 to October 2005. One-dimensional modeling of heat and water flow was used to interpret the temperature and head observations and deduce the sw?gw fluxes using the USGS numerical model, VS2DH, which simulates variably saturated water flow and solves the energy transport equation. Results of the modeling effort indicate that the Merced River at the study reach is generally a slightly gaining stream with small head differences (cm) between the surface water and ground water, with flow reversals occurring during high streamflow events. The average vertical flux across the sediment?water interface was 0.4?2.2 cm/day, and the range of hydraulic conductivities was 1?10 m/day. Seepage meters generally failed to provide accurate data in this high-energy system because of slow seepage rates and a moving streambed resulting in scour or burial of the seepage meters. Estimates of streambed hydraulic conductivity were also made using grain-size analysis and slug tests. Estimated hydraulic conductivity for the upstream transect determined using slug tests ranged from 40 to 250 m/day, whereas the downstream transect ranged from 10 to 100 m/day. The range in variability was a result of position along each transect. A relative percent difference was used to describe the variability in estimates of hydraulic conductivity by grain-size analysis and slug test. Variability in applied methods at the upstream transect ranged from 0 to 9 percent, whereas the downstream transect showed greater variability, with a range of 80 to 133 percent.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075216","usgsCitation":"Zamora, C., 2008, Estimating Water Fluxes Across the Sediment-Water Interface in the Lower Merced River, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5216, x, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075216.","productDescription":"x, 48 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10824,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121,37.333333333333336 ], [ -121,37.68333333333333 ], [ -120.25,37.68333333333333 ], [ -120.25,37.333333333333336 ], [ -121,37.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686588","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zamora, Celia 0000-0003-1456-4360 czamora@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-4360","contributorId":1514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"Celia","email":"czamora@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80969,"text":"sim3003 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Ozark Aquifer near Springfield, Missouri, 2006-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:48","indexId":"sim3003","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3003","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Ozark Aquifer near Springfield, Missouri, 2006-07","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nA study of the water resources of the Springfield, Missouri, area in the 1970s determined that a cone of depression, formed by ground-water pumping, had developed in the Ozark aquifer beneath the city (Emmett and others, 1978). Continued ground-water usage in the 1970s and 1980s caused concern that ground-water resources would not be sufficient to meet the future needs of Springfield, Missouri, during periods of drought. As a result, a ground-water flow model of the Springfield area was developed by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) to assess the future role of ground water as a water source for the area (Imes, 1989). Results of the USGS model led to a decision by the City Utilities of Springfield to primarily rely on surface water from Stockton Lake as a source of city drinking water. Municipal and industrial ground-water usage continues in Springfield, but at lower rates than previously experienced (Jim Vandike, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, written commun., 2007).\r\n\r\nRapid growth in the area has caused commercial, industrial, and domestic water use to increase. Population growth has been especially rapid in Nixa, Ozark, and Republic, and water use in the vicinity of these cities has grown an estimated 39 percent since 1990 (Dintelmann and others, 2006). Unlike Springfield, ground water is the primary source of water for these cities. The increased stress on the Ozark aquifer, the primary aquifer in the study area, has raised new concerns about possible further water-level declines in the areas of increased ground-water use. Although there continues to be new development in the Ozark aquifer, since 1987 no new water-supply wells that produce water from the Springfield Plateau aquifer have been allowed to be constructed in most of Greene and northern Christian counties (Jim Vandike, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, written commun., 2007). There is concern that if the potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer continues to decline, increased leakage of contaminants into the Ozark aquifer from the overlying Springfield Plateau aquifer could occur (Jim Vandike, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, written commun., 2007). To address this concern, the USGS, in cooperation with Greene County, Missouri, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, constructed a map of the potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer for 2006?2007. The map can be compared to previously constructed potentiometric-surface maps by Emmett and others (1978) and Imes (1989) to evaluate changes in ground-water flow directions, but the comparison is beyond the scope of this report.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim3003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Greene County, Missouri, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Richards, J.M., and Mugel, D.N., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Ozark Aquifer near Springfield, Missouri, 2006-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3003, Map Sheet: 18 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3003.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 18 x 24 inches","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110766,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83329.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"83329"},{"id":10829,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.83333333333333,36.75 ], [ -93.83333333333333,37.583333333333336 ], [ -92.66666666666667,37.583333333333336 ], [ -92.66666666666667,36.75 ], [ -93.83333333333333,36.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bfab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Joseph M. 0000-0002-9822-2706 richards@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-2706","contributorId":2370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Joseph","email":"richards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mugel, Douglas N. dmugel@usgs.gov","contributorId":290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mugel","given":"Douglas","email":"dmugel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209650,"text":"70209650 - 2008 - Increasing eolian dust deposition in the western United States linked to human activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-17T15:56:34.454435","indexId":"70209650","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-24T10:43:32","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing eolian dust deposition in the western United States linked to human activity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mineral aerosols from dust are an important influence on climate and on marine and terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. These aerosols are generated from wind erosion of surface soils. The amount of dust emission can therefore be affected by human activities that alter surface sediments. However, changes in regional- and global-scale dust fluxes following the rapid expansion of human populations and settlements over the past two centuries are not well understood. Here we determine the accumulation rates and geochemical properties of alpine lake sediments from the western interior United States for the past 5,000&nbsp;years. We find that dust load levels increased by 500% above the late Holocene average following the increased western settlement of the United States during the nineteenth century. We suggest that the increased dust deposition is caused by the expansion of livestock grazing in the early twentieth century. The larger dust flux, which persists into the early twenty-first century, results in a more than fivefold increase in inputs of K, Mg, Ca, N and P to the alpine ecosystems, with implications for surface-water alkalinity, aquatic productivity and terrestrial nutrient&nbsp;cycling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ngeo133","usgsCitation":"Neff, J.C., Ballantyne, A.P., Farmer, G.L., Mahowald, N., Landry, C.C., Overpeck, J., Painter, T.H., Lawrence, C.R., and Reynolds, R.L., 2008, Increasing eolian dust deposition in the western United States linked to human activity: Nature Geoscience, v. 1, p. 189-195, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo133.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"195","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374093,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.65203857421875,\n              37.05956083025126\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.98873901367188,\n              37.05956083025126\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.98873901367188,\n              37.63489742852906\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.65203857421875,\n              37.63489742852906\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.65203857421875,\n              37.05956083025126\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neff, J. C.","contributorId":29935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballantyne, A. P.","contributorId":224215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballantyne","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farmer, G. L.","contributorId":97251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farmer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahowald, N. M.","contributorId":22964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahowald","given":"N. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landry, C. C.","contributorId":108352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landry","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Overpeck, J. T.","contributorId":60923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overpeck","given":"J. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Painter, T. H.","contributorId":98070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Painter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lawrence, C. R.","contributorId":224214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":139068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":80953,"text":"tm6D1 - 2008 - GSFLOW - Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model Based on the Integration of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the Modular Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:25","indexId":"tm6D1","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-D1","title":"GSFLOW - Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model Based on the Integration of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the Modular Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW-2005)","docAbstract":"The need to assess the effects of variability in climate, biota, geology, and human activities on water availability and flow requires the development of models that couple two or more components of the hydrologic cycle. An integrated hydrologic model called GSFLOW (Ground-water and Surface-water FLOW) was developed to simulate coupled ground-water and surface-water resources. The new model is based on the integration of the U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW). Additional model components were developed, and existing components were modified, to facilitate integration of the models. Methods were developed to route flow among the PRMS Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs) and between the HRUs and the MODFLOW finite-difference cells. This report describes the organization, concepts, design, and mathematical formulation of all GSFLOW model components. An important aspect of the integrated model design is its ability to conserve water mass and to provide comprehensive water budgets for a location of interest. This report includes descriptions of how water budgets are calculated for the integrated model and for individual model components. GSFLOW provides a robust modeling system for simulating flow through the hydrologic cycle, while allowing for future enhancements to incorporate other simulation techniques.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 1 of Section D, Ground-Water/Surface-Water of Book 6, Modeling Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/tm6D1","usgsCitation":"Markstrom, S., Niswonger, R., Regan, R.S., Prudic, D.E., and Barlow, P.M., 2008, GSFLOW - Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model Based on the Integration of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the Modular Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW-2005): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-D1, x, 240 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6D1.","productDescription":"x, 240 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438855,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UY8G6L","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Version 2.3.0 of Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model Based on the Integration of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the Modular Ground-Water Flow Model"},{"id":438854,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D8AFBT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"GSFLOW: Coupled Groundwater and Surface-Water Flow Model, version 2.2.0"},{"id":125731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_6_d1.png"},{"id":10811,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm6d1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b166d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G.","contributorId":45402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regan, R. Steven 0000-0003-4803-8596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-8596","contributorId":87237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80954,"text":"sir20075212 - 2008 - Real-Time and Delayed Analysis of Tree and Shrub Cores as Indicators of Subsurface Volatile Organic Compound Contamination, Durham Meadows Superfund Site, Durham, Connecticut, August 29, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"sir20075212","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5212","title":"Real-Time and Delayed Analysis of Tree and Shrub Cores as Indicators of Subsurface Volatile Organic Compound Contamination, Durham Meadows Superfund Site, Durham, Connecticut, August 29, 2006","docAbstract":"This study examined volatile organic compound concentrations in cores from trees and shrubs for use as indicators of vadose-zone contamination or potential vapor intrusion by volatile organic compounds into buildings at the Durham Meadows Superfund Site, Durham, Connecticut. The study used both (1) real-time tree- and shrub-core analysis, which involved field heating the core samples for 5 to 10 minutes prior to field analysis, and (2) delayed analysis, which involved allowing the gases in the cores to equilibrate with the headspace gas in the sample vials unheated for 1 to 2 days prior to analysis. General correspondence was found between the two approaches, indicating that preheating and field analysis of vegetation cores is a viable approach to real-time monitoring of subsurface volatile organic compounds. In most cases, volatile organic compounds in cores from trees and shrubs at the Merriam Manufacturing Company property showed a general correspondence to the distribution of volatile organic compounds detected in a soil-gas survey, despite the fact that most of the soil-gas survey data in close proximity to the relevant trees were collected about 3 years prior to the tree-core collection. Most of the trees cored at the Durham Meadows Superfund Site, outside of the Merriam Manufacturing Company property, contained no volatile organic compounds and were in areas where indoor air sampling and soil-gas sampling showed little or no volatile organic compound concentrations. An exception was tree DM11, which contained barely detectable concentrations of trichloroethene near a house where previous investigations found low concentrations of trichloroethene (0.13 to 1.2 parts per billion by volume) in indoor air and 7.7 micrograms per liter of trichloroethene in the ground water. The barely detectable concentration of trichloroethene in tree DM11 and the lack of volatile organic compound detection in nearby tree DM10 (adjacent to the well having 7.7 micrograms of trichloroethene) may be attributable to the relatively large depth to water (17.6 feet), the relatively low soil-vapor trichloroethene concentration, and the large amount of rainfall during and preceding the tree-coring event. The data indicate that real-time and delayed analyses of tree cores are viable approaches to examining subsurface volatile organic compound soil-gas or vadose-zone contamination at the Durham Meadows Superfund Site and other similar sites. Thus, the methods may have application for determining the potential for vapor intrusion into buildings.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075212","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D.A., Willey, R.E., Clifford, S., and Murphy, J.J., 2008, Real-Time and Delayed Analysis of Tree and Shrub Cores as Indicators of Subsurface Volatile Organic Compound Contamination, Durham Meadows Superfund Site, Durham, Connecticut, August 29, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5212, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075212.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-08-29","temporalEnd":"2006-08-29","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10812,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5212/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683eb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willey, Richard E.","contributorId":30972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clifford, Scott","contributorId":63042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifford","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, James J.","contributorId":96776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80960,"text":"sir20075261 - 2008 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79996,"text":"ofr20071156 - 2007 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report","indexId":"ofr20071156","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah - Draft Report"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":80960,"text":"sir20075261 - 2008 - Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah","indexId":"sir20075261","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T13:52:46","indexId":"sir20075261","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5261","title":"Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThis report summarizes results of a water-resources study for White Pine County, Nevada, and adjacent areas in east-central Nevada and western Utah. The Basin and Range carbonate-rock aquifer system (BARCAS) study was initiated in December 2004 through Federal legislation (Section 301(e) of the Lincoln County Conservation, Recreation, and Development Act of 2004; PL108-424) directing the Secretary of the Interior to complete a water-resources study through the U.S. Geological Survey, Desert Research Institute, and State of Utah. The study was designed as a regional water-resource assessment, with particular emphasis on summarizing the hydrogeologic framework and hydrologic processes that influence ground-water resources.\r\n\r\nThe study area includes 13 hydrographic areas that cover most of White Pine County; in this report however, results for the northern and central parts of Little Smoky Valley were combined and presented as one hydrographic area. Hydrographic areas are the basic geographic units used by the State of Nevada and Utah and local agencies for water-resource planning and management, and are commonly defined on the basis of surface-water drainage areas. Hydrographic areas were further divided into subbasins that are separated by areas where bedrock is at or near the land surface. Subbasins are the subdivisions used in this study for estimating recharge, discharge, and water budget. Hydrographic areas are the subdivision used for reporting summed and tabulated subbasin estimates.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075261","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management; This report is based on work by the U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Desert Research Institute, and the State of Utah","usgsCitation":"Bright, D., and Knochenmus, L.A., 2008, Water Resources of the Basin and Range Carbonate-Rock Aquifer System, White Pine County, Nevada, and Adjacent Areas in Nevada and Utah (Supersedes OFR 2007-1156): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5261, Report: 97 p.; Appendix A; 4 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075261.","productDescription":"Report: 97 p.; Appendix A; 4 Plates","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5261.jpg"},{"id":10821,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.5,37.75 ], [ -116.5,40.5 ], [ -113,40.5 ], [ -113,37.75 ], [ -116.5,37.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Supersedes OFR 2007-1156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685832","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":35399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742839,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Bright, Daniel J. djbright@usgs.gov","contributorId":1758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bright","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djbright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knochenmus, Lari A. lari@usgs.gov","contributorId":301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"Lari","email":"lari@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80951,"text":"ofr20071349 - 2008 - Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20071349","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1349","title":"Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Sarasota Bay Estuary Program conducted a retrospective review of characteristics of the Sarasota Bay watershed in west-central Florida. This report describes watershed characteristics, surface- and ground-water processes, and the environmental setting of the Sarasota Bay watershed.\r\n\r\nPopulation growth during the last 50 years is transforming the Sarasota Bay watershed from rural and agriculture to urban and suburban. The transition has resulted in land-use changes that influence surface- and ground-water processes in the watershed. Increased impervious cover decreases recharge to ground water and increases overland runoff and the pollutants carried in the runoff. Soil compaction resulting from agriculture, construction, and recreation activities also decreases recharge to ground water.\r\n\r\nConventional approaches to stormwater runoff have involved conveyances and large storage areas. Low-impact development approaches, designed to provide recharge near the precipitation point-of-contact, are being used increasingly in the watershed.\r\n\r\nSimple pollutant loading models applied to the Sarasota Bay watershed have focused on large-scale processes and pollutant loads determined from empirical values and mean event concentrations. Complex watershed models and more intensive data-collection programs can provide the level of information needed to quantify (1) the effects of lot-scale land practices on runoff, storage, and ground-water recharge, (2) dry and wet season flux of nutrients through atmospheric deposition, (3) changes in partitioning of water and contaminants as urbanization alters predevelopment rainfall-runoff relations, and (4) linkages between watershed models and lot-scale models to evaluate the effect of small-scale changes over the entire Sarasota Bay watershed. As urbanization in the Sarasota Bay watershed continues, focused research on water-resources issues can provide information needed by water-resources managers to ensure the future health of the watershed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071349","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Sarasota Bay Estuary Program","usgsCitation":"Kish, G.R., Harrison, A.S., and Alderson, M., 2008, Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1349, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071349.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10809,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1349/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kish, George R. gkish@usgs.gov","contributorId":1329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kish","given":"George","email":"gkish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":35021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Arnell","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alderson, Mark","contributorId":22060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alderson","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198500,"text":"70198500 - 2008 - A decade of measuring, monitoring, and studying the fate and transport of triazine herbicides in groundwater, surface water, reservoirs, and precipitation by the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:43:08","indexId":"70198500","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-18T10:07:56","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"30","title":"A decade of measuring, monitoring, and studying the fate and transport of triazine herbicides in groundwater, surface water, reservoirs, and precipitation by the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The triazine herbicides","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","isbn":"9780444511676","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E., and Scribner, E., 2008, A decade of measuring, monitoring, and studying the fate and transport of triazine herbicides in groundwater, surface water, reservoirs, and precipitation by the U.S. Geological Survey, chap. 30 <i>of</i> The triazine herbicides.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98bd64e4b0702d0e84570d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McFarland, J.","contributorId":7112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742247,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scribner, E.A.","contributorId":50925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80948,"text":"fs20083011 - 2008 - Science Activities Associated with Proposed 2008 High-Flow Experiment at Glen Canyon Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:47","indexId":"fs20083011","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3011","title":"Science Activities Associated with Proposed 2008 High-Flow Experiment at Glen Canyon Dam","docAbstract":"Grand Canyon National Park lies approximately 15 miles downriver from Glen Canyon Dam, which was built on the Colorado River just south of the Arizona-Utah border. Because the dam stops most sediment moving downstream, its presence has resulted in erosion and shrinkage of river sandbars in Grand Canyon. Fewer and smaller sandbars mean smaller camping beaches for visitors to use, continued erosion of cultural sites, and possibly less habitat for native fish, including the endangered humpback chub.\r\n\r\nIn an effort to restore sandbars and related habitat and to comply with its responsibilities under the Grand Canyon Protection Act, the Department of the Interior has proposed a high-flow release of water from Glen Canyon Dam in March 2008. The U.S. Geological Survey?s (USGS) Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center is responsible for coordinating research associated with the proposed experiment. The proposed studies are designed to evaluate the feasibility of using such high flows to improve a range of Grand Canyon resources. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20083011","usgsCitation":"Hamill, J., 2008, Science Activities Associated with Proposed 2008 High-Flow Experiment at Glen Canyon Dam (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3011, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083011.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3011.jpg"},{"id":10805,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,35 ], [ -114,37 ], [ -109,37 ], [ -109,35 ], [ -114,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd27c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamill, John","contributorId":43459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamill","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80950,"text":"sir20085011 - 2008 - Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T22:05:17.187448","indexId":"sir20085011","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5011","title":"Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract\">Devils Lake and Stump Lake in northeastern North Dakota receive surface runoff from a 3,810-square-mile drainage basin, and evaporation provides the only major water loss unless the lakes are above their natural spill elevation to the Sheyenne River. In September 2007, flow from Devils Lake to Stump Lake had filled Stump Lake and the two lakes consisted of essentially one water body with an elevation of 1,447.1&nbsp;feet, about 3 feet below the existing base flood elevation (1,450&nbsp;feet) and about 12 feet below the natural outlet elevation to the Sheyenne River (1,459 feet).</p><p class=\"abstract\">Devils Lake could continue to rise, causing extensive additional flood damages in the basin and, in the event of an uncontrolled natural spill, downstream in the Red River of the North Basin. This report describes the results of a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, to evaluate future flood risk for Devils Lake and provide information for developing updated flood-insurance rate maps and planning flood-mitigation activities such as raising levees or roads.</p><p class=\"abstract\">In about 1980, a large, abrupt, and highly significant increase in precipitation occurred in the Devils Lake Basin and elsewhere in the Northern Great Plains, and wetter-than-normal conditions have persisted through the present (2007). Although future precipitation is impossible to predict, paleoclimatic evidence and recent research on climate dynamics indicate the current wet conditions are not likely to end anytime soon. For example, there is about a 72-percent chance wet conditions will last at least 10 more years and about a 37-percent chance wet conditions will last at least 30 more years.</p><p class=\"abstract\">A stochastic simulation model for Devils Lake and Stump Lake developed in a previous study was updated and used to generate 10,000 potential future realizations, or traces, of precipitation, evaporation, inflow, and lake levels given existing conditions on September 30, 2007, and randomly generated future duration of the current wet period. On the basis of the simulations, and assuming ice-free conditions and calm wind, the Devils Lake flood elevation for an annualized flood risk of 1&nbsp;percent (analogous to a “100-year” riverine flood) was estimated to be 1,454.6 feet for a 10-year time horizon (2008­­­–17). Therefore, without adjusting for wind or ice, a residence near Devils Lake at elevation 1,454.6 feet has the same chance of being flooded sometime during the next 10&nbsp;years as a residence at the edge of the 100-year flood plain along a river. Adjusting for the effects of wind or ice, which will increase the flood elevations for many locations near the lakes, was not within the scope of this study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., 2008, Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5011, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085011.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424394,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83314.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5011/pdf/sir2008-5011web.pdf"},{"id":10807,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5011.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake, Stump Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.5,\n              48.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.5,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.25,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.25,\n              48.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.5,\n              48.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70236962,"text":"70236962 - 2008 - New constraints on the Pb and Nd isotopic evolution of NE Atlantic water masses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-23T13:34:25.811031","indexId":"70236962","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-12T08:24:07","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New constraints on the Pb and Nd isotopic evolution of NE Atlantic water masses","docAbstract":"<p><span>Time series of lead (Pb) and neodymium (Nd) isotope compositions were measured on three ferromanganese crusts recording the evolution of NE Atlantic water masses over the past 15 Ma. The crusts are distributed along a depth profile (∼700–4600 m) comprising the present-day depths of Mediterranean Outflow Water and North East Atlantic Deep Water. A pronounced increase of the&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup><span>Pb/</span><sup>204</sup><span>Pb in the two deeper crusts starting at ∼4 Ma and a decrease in&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd in all three crusts took place between ∼6–4 Ma and the present. These patterns are similar to isotope time series in the western North Atlantic basin and are consistent with efficient mixing between the two basins. However, the changes occurred 1–3 Ma earlier in the eastern basin indicating that the northeastern Atlantic led the major change in Pb and Nd isotope composition, probably due to a direct supply of Labrador Seawater via a northern route. The Pb isotope evolution during the Pliocene-Pleistocene can generally be explained by mixing between two end-members corresponding to Mediterranean Outflow Water and North East Atlantic Deep Water, but external sources such as Saharan dust are likely to have played a role as well. The Pb isotope composition of the shallowest crust that grew within the present-day Mediterranean Outflow Water does not show significant Pb isotope changes indicating that it was controlled by the same Pb sources throughout the past 15 Ma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.1029/2007GC001766","usgsCitation":"Muinos, S.B., Frank, M., Maden, C., Hein, J., van de Flierdt, T., Lebreiro, S.M., Gaspar, L., Monteiro, J.H., and Halliday, A.N., 2008, New constraints on the Pb and Nd isotopic evolution of NE Atlantic water masses: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 9, no. 2, Q02007, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001766.","productDescription":"Q02007, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":407259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North Atlantic","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -61,\n              24\n            ],\n            [\n              -0.0,\n              24\n            ],\n            [\n              -0.0,\n              44\n            ],\n            [\n              -61,\n              44\n            ],\n            [\n              -61,\n              24\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muinos, S. B.","contributorId":296922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muinos","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, M.","contributorId":103396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maden, C.","contributorId":296923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maden","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van de Flierdt, T.","contributorId":55613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van de Flierdt","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lebreiro, S. M.","contributorId":296924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebreiro","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gaspar, L.","contributorId":296925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaspar","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Monteiro, J. H.","contributorId":296926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteiro","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Halliday, A. N.","contributorId":87663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halliday","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
]}