{"pageNumber":"902","pageRowStart":"22525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40797,"records":[{"id":80951,"text":"ofr20071349 - 2008 - Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20071349","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1349","title":"Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Sarasota Bay Estuary Program conducted a retrospective review of characteristics of the Sarasota Bay watershed in west-central Florida. This report describes watershed characteristics, surface- and ground-water processes, and the environmental setting of the Sarasota Bay watershed.\r\n\r\nPopulation growth during the last 50 years is transforming the Sarasota Bay watershed from rural and agriculture to urban and suburban. The transition has resulted in land-use changes that influence surface- and ground-water processes in the watershed. Increased impervious cover decreases recharge to ground water and increases overland runoff and the pollutants carried in the runoff. Soil compaction resulting from agriculture, construction, and recreation activities also decreases recharge to ground water.\r\n\r\nConventional approaches to stormwater runoff have involved conveyances and large storage areas. Low-impact development approaches, designed to provide recharge near the precipitation point-of-contact, are being used increasingly in the watershed.\r\n\r\nSimple pollutant loading models applied to the Sarasota Bay watershed have focused on large-scale processes and pollutant loads determined from empirical values and mean event concentrations. Complex watershed models and more intensive data-collection programs can provide the level of information needed to quantify (1) the effects of lot-scale land practices on runoff, storage, and ground-water recharge, (2) dry and wet season flux of nutrients through atmospheric deposition, (3) changes in partitioning of water and contaminants as urbanization alters predevelopment rainfall-runoff relations, and (4) linkages between watershed models and lot-scale models to evaluate the effect of small-scale changes over the entire Sarasota Bay watershed. As urbanization in the Sarasota Bay watershed continues, focused research on water-resources issues can provide information needed by water-resources managers to ensure the future health of the watershed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071349","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Sarasota Bay Estuary Program","usgsCitation":"Kish, G.R., Harrison, A.S., and Alderson, M., 2008, Retrospective Review of Watershed Characteristics and a Framework for Future Research in the Sarasota Bay Watershed, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1349, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071349.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10809,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1349/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kish, George R. gkish@usgs.gov","contributorId":1329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kish","given":"George","email":"gkish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":35021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Arnell","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alderson, Mark","contributorId":22060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alderson","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207879,"text":"70207879 - 2008 - Time-averaged near-bed suspended sediment concentrations under waves and currents: Comparison of measured and model estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T13:02:07","indexId":"70207879","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T12:52:09","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Time-averaged near-bed suspended sediment concentrations under waves and currents: Comparison of measured and model estimates","docAbstract":"

Profiles of suspended sediment concentration and velocity were measured over a 15-day period at a near-shore site off Santa Cruz, CA in Monterey Bay. The concentration and velocity data were collected with an Acoustic Backscattering System (ABS) and Acoustic Current Profiler (ACP) that were mounted on a bottom tripod. High-resolution bottom scanning sonar was also attached to the tripod to provide images of bed features during the experiment. Hourly time-averaged near-bed concentrations of suspended sediment were calculated from three models and compared with the measurements. Surface waves and currents that were generated by a storm of moderate intensity caused bed stresses that exceeded threshold stress for D50=0.02 cm, the median size of the moderately well-sorted bottom sediment, over a period of about 7 days. Estimates of the concentration at 1 cm above the bottom, Ca1, were obtained using the ABS measurements. These observations have been compared with predictions for the concentration at 1 cm above the bottom, C1. Nielsen's models for reference concentration Co [Nielsen, P., 1986. Suspended sediment concentrations under waves. Coastal Engineering 10, 32-31; Nielsen, P., 1992. Coastal Bottom Boundary Layers and Sediment Transport, Advanced Series on Ocean Engineering. World Scientific, Hackensack, NJ.] are purely wave-based and do not include effects of bottom currents on bed stress and bedform scales. C1 calculated from this model compared well with measured Ca1 when currents were weak and small oscillatory ripples were observed in the sonar images. However, during the 3-day period of highest bottom stresses modeled C1 did not compare well to Ca1. The other two models for C1, Glenn and Grant [Glenn, S.M., Grant, W.D., 1987. A suspended sediment stratification correction for combined wave and current flows. Journal of Geophysical Research 92(C8), 8244-8264.] and van Rijn and Walstra [Van Rijn, L.C., Walstra, D.J.R., 2004. Description of TRANSPOR2004 and implementation in Delft3D-ONLINE. Interim Report prepared for DG Rijkswaterstaat, Rijksinstituut voor Kust en Zee. Delft Hydraulics Institute, The Netherlands.], accounted for combined wave-current stresses and included different formulations for predicting bedform scales. C1 calculated from these models compared well with measurements throughout the early and middle period of the storm, but underpredicted measured values during the latter part of the experiment. An alternative method based on dimensional analysis provided a straightforward way to relate C1 to bed stress and sediment parameters. This new relationship based on dimensional analysis explained about 77% of the variability in Ca1 derived from the ABS data.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2007.10.006","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Cacchione, D., Thorne, P., Agrawal, Y., and Nidzieko, N., 2008, Time-averaged near-bed suspended sediment concentrations under waves and currents: Comparison of measured and model estimates, v. 28, no. 3, p. 470-484, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.10.006.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"470","endPage":"484","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":371317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"California ","city":"Santa Cruz ","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.08694458007812,\n 36.84775766525785\n ],\n [\n -121.88369750976562,\n 36.84775766525785\n ],\n [\n -121.88369750976562,\n 36.99048777141413\n ],\n [\n -122.08694458007812,\n 36.99048777141413\n ],\n [\n -122.08694458007812,\n 36.84775766525785\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":779622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, P.D.","contributorId":221672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorne","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agrawal, Y","contributorId":221673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agrawal","given":"Y","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nidzieko, N.J. ","contributorId":221674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nidzieko","given":"N.J. ","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80946,"text":"ds326 - 2008 - Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T18:17:45.375472","indexId":"ds326","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"326","title":"Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2006","docAbstract":"

Between January 1 and December 31, 2006, AVO located 8,666 earthquakes of which 7,783 occurred on or near the 33 volcanoes monitored within Alaska. Monitoring highlights in 2006 include: an eruption of Augustine Volcano, a volcanic-tectonic earthquake swarm at Mount Martin, elevated seismicity and volcanic unrest at Fourpeaked Mountain, and elevated seismicity and low-level tremor at Mount Veniaminof and Korovin Volcano. A new seismic subnetwork was installed on Fourpeaked Mountain. This catalog includes: (1) descriptions and locations of seismic instrumentation deployed in the field during 2006, (2) a description of earthquake detection, recording, analysis, and data archival systems, (3) a description of seismic velocity models used for earthquake locations, (4) a summary of earthquakes located in 2006, and (5) an accompanying UNIX tar-file with a summary of earthquake origin times, hypocenters, magnitudes, phase arrival times, location quality statistics, daily station usage statistics, and all files used to determine the earthquake locations in 2006.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds326","usgsCitation":"Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, C., 2008, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 326, Report: iv, 79 p.; Seismic Catalog Zip File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds326.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 79 p.; Seismic Catalog Zip File","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds326.JPG"},{"id":414556,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83312.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10803,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/326/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -143.5,\n 62.333\n ],\n [\n -178.4,\n 62.333\n ],\n [\n -178.4,\n 51.3\n ],\n [\n -143.5,\n 51.3\n ],\n [\n -143.5,\n 62.333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e675f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dixon, James P. 0000-0002-8478-9971 jpdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9971","contributorId":3163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"James","email":"jpdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stihler, Scott D.","contributorId":31373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stihler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Searcy, Cheryl 0000-0002-9474-5745 csearcy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-5745","contributorId":4039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Searcy","given":"Cheryl","email":"csearcy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80950,"text":"sir20085011 - 2008 - Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T22:05:17.187448","indexId":"sir20085011","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5011","title":"Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

Devils Lake and Stump Lake in northeastern North Dakota receive surface runoff from a 3,810-square-mile drainage basin, and evaporation provides the only major water loss unless the lakes are above their natural spill elevation to the Sheyenne River. In September 2007, flow from Devils Lake to Stump Lake had filled Stump Lake and the two lakes consisted of essentially one water body with an elevation of 1,447.1 feet, about 3 feet below the existing base flood elevation (1,450 feet) and about 12 feet below the natural outlet elevation to the Sheyenne River (1,459 feet).

Devils Lake could continue to rise, causing extensive additional flood damages in the basin and, in the event of an uncontrolled natural spill, downstream in the Red River of the North Basin. This report describes the results of a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, to evaluate future flood risk for Devils Lake and provide information for developing updated flood-insurance rate maps and planning flood-mitigation activities such as raising levees or roads.

In about 1980, a large, abrupt, and highly significant increase in precipitation occurred in the Devils Lake Basin and elsewhere in the Northern Great Plains, and wetter-than-normal conditions have persisted through the present (2007). Although future precipitation is impossible to predict, paleoclimatic evidence and recent research on climate dynamics indicate the current wet conditions are not likely to end anytime soon. For example, there is about a 72-percent chance wet conditions will last at least 10 more years and about a 37-percent chance wet conditions will last at least 30 more years.

A stochastic simulation model for Devils Lake and Stump Lake developed in a previous study was updated and used to generate 10,000 potential future realizations, or traces, of precipitation, evaporation, inflow, and lake levels given existing conditions on September 30, 2007, and randomly generated future duration of the current wet period. On the basis of the simulations, and assuming ice-free conditions and calm wind, the Devils Lake flood elevation for an annualized flood risk of 1 percent (analogous to a “100-year” riverine flood) was estimated to be 1,454.6 feet for a 10-year time horizon (2008­­­–17). Therefore, without adjusting for wind or ice, a residence near Devils Lake at elevation 1,454.6 feet has the same chance of being flooded sometime during the next 10 years as a residence at the edge of the 100-year flood plain along a river. Adjusting for the effects of wind or ice, which will increase the flood elevations for many locations near the lakes, was not within the scope of this study.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., 2008, Climate simulation and flood risk analysis for 2008-40 for Devils Lake, North Dakota (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5011, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085011.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424394,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83314.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5011/pdf/sir2008-5011web.pdf"},{"id":10807,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5011.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake, Stump Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.5,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -99.5,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -98.25,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -98.25,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -99.5,\n 48.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80949,"text":"sir20085004 - 2008 - Variations in Community Exposure and Sensitivity to Tsunami Hazards on the Open-Ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca Coasts of Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"sir20085004","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5004","title":"Variations in Community Exposure and Sensitivity to Tsunami Hazards on the Open-Ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca Coasts of Washington","docAbstract":"Evidence of past events and modeling of potential future events suggest that tsunamis are significant threats to communities on the open-ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca coasts of Washington. Although potential tsunami-inundation zones from a Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) earthquake have been delineated, the amount and type of human development in tsunami-prone areas have not been documented. A vulnerability assessment using geographic-information-system tools was conducted to document variations in developed land, human populations, economic assets, and critical facilities relative to CSZ-related tsunami-inundation zones among communities on the open-ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca coasts of Washington (including Clallam, Jefferson, Grays Harbor, and Pacific Counties). The tsunami-inundation zone in these counties contains 42,972 residents (24 percent of the total study-area population), 24,934 employees (33 percent of the total labor force), and 17,029 daily visitors to coastal Washington State Parks. The tsunami-inundation zone also contains 2,908 businesses that generate $4.6 billion in annual sales volume (31 and 40 percent of study-area totals, respectively) and tax parcels with a combined total value of $4.5 billion (25 percent of the study-area total). Although occupancy values are not known for each site, the tsunami-inundation zone also contains numerous dependent-population facilities (for example, schools and child-day-care centers), public venues (for example, religious organizations), and critical facilities (for example, police stations and public-work facilities). Racial diversity of residents in tsunami-prone areas is low?89 percent of residents are White and 8 percent are American Indian or Alaska Native. Nineteen percent of the residents in the tsunami-inundation zone are over 65 years in age, 30 percent of the residents live on unincorporated county lands, and 35 percent of the households are renter occupied. Employees in the tsunami-inundation zone are largely in businesses related to health care and social assistance, accommodation and food services, and retail trade, reflecting businesses that cater to a growing retiree and tourist population. Community vulnerability, described here by exposure (the amount of assets in tsunami-prone areas) and sensitivity (the relative percentage of assets in tsunami-prone areas) varies among 13 incorporated cities, 7 Indian reservations, and 4 counties. The City of Aberdeen has the highest relative community exposure to tsunamis, whereas the City of Long Beach has the highest relative community sensitivity. Levels of community exposure and sensitivity to tsunamis are found to be related to the amount and percentage, respectively, of a community?s land that is in a tsunami-inundation zone. This report will further the dialogue on societal risk to tsunami hazards in Washington and help risk managers to determine where additional risk-reduction strategies may be needed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington Military Department Emergency Management Division","usgsCitation":"Wood, N., and Soulard, C., 2008, Variations in Community Exposure and Sensitivity to Tsunami Hazards on the Open-Ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca Coasts of Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5004, Report: vi, 34 p.; Data Folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085004.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p.; Data Folder","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":293,"text":"Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10806,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5004/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,47 ], [ -125,49 ], [ -122,49 ], [ -122,47 ], [ -125,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":71151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher","contributorId":62687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80942,"text":"ofr20081003 - 2008 - Preliminary Gravity and Ground Magnetic Data in the Arbuckle Uplift near Sulphur, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr20081003","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1003","title":"Preliminary Gravity and Ground Magnetic Data in the Arbuckle Uplift near Sulphur, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Improving knowledge of the geology and geophysics of the Arbuckle Uplift in south-central Oklahoma is a goal of the Framework Geology of Mid-Continent Carbonate Aquifers project sponsored by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP). In May 2007, we collected ground magnetic and gravity observations in the Hunton Anticline region of the Arbuckle Uplift, near Sulphur, Oklahoma. These observations complement prior gravity data collected for a project sponsored by the National Park Service and helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) and aeromagnetic data collected in March 2007 for the NCGMP project. This report describes the instrumentation and processing that was utilized in the May 2007 geophysical fieldwork, and it presents preliminary results as gravity anomaly maps and magnetic anomaly profiles. Digital tables of gravity and magnetic observations are provided as a supplement to this report. Future work will generate interpretive models of these anomalies and will involve joint analysis of these ground geophysical measurements with airborne and other geophysical and geological observations, with the goal of understanding the geological structures influencing the hydrologic properties of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081003","usgsCitation":"Scheirer, D., and Aboud, E., 2008, Preliminary Gravity and Ground Magnetic Data in the Arbuckle Uplift near Sulphur, Oklahoma (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1003, Report: iv, 34 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081003.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 34 p.; Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10798,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.6,34.1 ], [ -97.6,34.9 ], [ -96.3,34.9 ], [ -96.3,34.1 ], [ -97.6,34.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c523","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scheirer, Daniel S. dscheirer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheirer","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dscheirer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aboud, Essam","contributorId":98831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aboud","given":"Essam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80931,"text":"sir20075253 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surfaces in the Springfield Plateau and Ozark Aquifers of Northwestern Arkansas, Southeastern Kansas, Southwestern Missouri, and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"sir20075253","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5253","title":"Potentiometric Surfaces in the Springfield Plateau and Ozark Aquifers of Northwestern Arkansas, Southeastern Kansas, Southwestern Missouri, and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2006","docAbstract":"The Springfield Plateau and Ozark aquifers are important sources of ground water in the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system. Water from these aquifers is used for agricultural, domestic, industrial, and municipal water sources. Changing water use over time in these aquifers presents a need for updated potentiometric-surface maps of the Springfield Plateau and Ozark aquifers.\r\n\r\nThe Springfield Plateau aquifer consists of water-bearing Mississippian-age limestone and chert. The Ozark aquifer consists of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age water-bearing rocks consisting of dolostone, limestone, and sandstone. Both aquifers are complex with areally varying lithologies, discrete hydrologic units, varying permeabilities, and secondary permeabilities related to fractures and karst features.\r\n\r\nDuring the spring of 2006, ground-water levels were measured in 285 wells. These data, and water levels from selected lakes, rivers, and springs, were used to create potentiometric-surface maps for the Springfield Plateau and Ozark aquifers. Linear kriging was used initially to construct the water-level contours on the maps; the contours were subsequently modified using hydrologic judgment. The potentiometric-surface maps presented in this report represent ground-water conditions during the spring of 2006. During the spring of 2006, the region received less than average rainfall. Dry conditions prior to the spring of 2006 could have contributed to the observed water levels as well.\r\n\r\nThe potentiometric-surface map of the Springfield Plateau aquifer shows a maximum measured water-level altitude within the study area of about 1,450 feet at a spring in Barry County, Missouri, and a minimum measured water-level altitude of 579 feet at a well in Ottawa County, Oklahoma. Cones of depression occur in Dade, Lawrence and Newton Counties in Missouri and Delaware and Ottawa Counties in Oklahoma. These cones of depression are associated with private wells. Ground water in the Springfield Plateau aquifer generally flows to the west in the study area, and to surface features (lakes, rivers, and springs) particularly in the south and east of the study area where the Springfield Plateau aquifer is closest to land surface.\r\n\r\nThe potentiometric-surface map of the Ozark aquifer indicates a maximum measured water-level altitude of 1,303 feet in the study area at a well in Washington County, Arkansas, and a minimum measured water-level altitude of 390 feet in Ottawa County, Oklahoma. The water in the Ozark aquifer generally flows to the northwest in the northern part of the study area and to the west in the remaining study area. Cones of depression occur in Barry, Barton, Cedar, Jasper, Lawrence, McDonald, Newton, and Vernon Counties in Missouri, Cherokee and Crawford Counties in Kansas, and Craig and Ottawa Counties in Oklahoma. These cones of depression are associated with municipal supply wells. The flow directions, based on both potentiometric-surface maps, generally agree with flow directions indicated by previous studies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075253","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office","usgsCitation":"Gillip, J.A., Czarnecki, J.B., and Mugel, D.N., 2008, Potentiometric Surfaces in the Springfield Plateau and Ozark Aquifers of Northwestern Arkansas, Southeastern Kansas, Southwestern Missouri, and Northeastern Oklahoma, 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5253, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075253.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10786,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5253/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.25,34.5 ], [ -96.25,39.5 ], [ -89,39.5 ], [ -89,34.5 ], [ -96.25,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b16cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillip, Jonathan A. jgillip@usgs.gov","contributorId":3222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillip","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czarnecki, John B. jczarnec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czarnecki","given":"John","email":"jczarnec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mugel, Douglas N. dmugel@usgs.gov","contributorId":290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mugel","given":"Douglas","email":"dmugel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":80932,"text":"ofr20081022 - 2008 - Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:17","indexId":"ofr20081022","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1022","title":"Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2007","docAbstract":"A study to estimate the effects of Iron Gate Dam discharge on ESA-listed juvenile coho salmon during their seaward migration to the ocean was begun in 2005. Estimates of survival through various reaches of river downstream from the dam were completed in 2006 and 2007 as part of this process. This report describes the estimates of survival during 2007, and is a complement to a similar report from 2006. Further analyses will be included in a separate report. In 2007, a series of models were evaluated to determine what survival and capture probabilities of radio-tagged hatchery fish were in several reaches between Iron Gate Hatchery at river kilometer 309 and a site at river kilometer 33. The results indicate trends in survival among reaches were similar to those found in 2006, but the survival in 2007 was lower than in 2006. The differences in survivals from Iron Gate Hatchery to river kilometer 33 in 2006 (0.653 SE 0.039) and 2007 (0.497 SE 0.044) were caused primarily by differences in survivals upstream from the Scott River. This document is a brief summary of 2007 survival results.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081022","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., 2008, Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1022, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081022.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10787,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1022/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6994b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80922,"text":"sir20075193 - 2008 - Recovery of Ground-Water Levels From 1988 to 2003 and Analysis of Potential Water-Supply Management Options in Critical Area 1, East-Central New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"sir20075193","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5193","title":"Recovery of Ground-Water Levels From 1988 to 2003 and Analysis of Potential Water-Supply Management Options in Critical Area 1, East-Central New Jersey","docAbstract":"Water levels in four confined aquifers in the New Jersey Coastal Plain within Water Supply Critical Area 1 have recovered as a result of reductions in ground-water withdrawals initiated by the State in the late 1980s. The aquifers are the Wenonah-Mount Laurel, the Upper and Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy, and Englishtown aquifer system. Because of increased water demand due to increased development in Monmouth, Ocean, and Middlesex Counties, five base and nine alternate management models were designed for the four aquifers to evaluate the effects resulting from potential reallocation of part of the Critical Area 1 reductions in withdrawals. The change in withdrawals and associated water-level changes in the aquifers for 1988-2003 are discussed. Generally, withdrawals decreased 25 to 30 Mgal/d (million gallons per day), and water levels increased 0 to 80 ft (feet).\r\n\r\nThe Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) ground-water-flow model of the New Jersey Coastal Plain developed by the U.S. Geological Survey was used to simulate ground-water flow and optimize withdrawals using the Ground-Water Management Process (GWM) for MODFLOW. Results of the model were used to evaluate the effects of several possible water-supply management options in order to provide the information to water managers. The optimization method, which provides a means to set constraints that support mandated hydrologic conditions, then determine the maximum withdrawals that meet the constraints, is a more cost-effective approach than simulating a range of withdrawals to determine the effects on the aquifer system. The optimization method is particularly beneficial for a regional-scale study of this kind because of the large number of wells to be evaluated. Before the model was run, a buffer analysis was done to define an area with no additional withdrawals that minimizes changes in simulated streamflow in aquifer outcrop areas and simulated movement of ground water toward the wells from areas of possible high chloride concentrations in the northern and southern parts of the Critical Area.\r\n\r\nFive base water-supply management models were developed. Each management model has an objective function, decision variables, and constraints. Two of the five management models were test cases: clean slate option and reallocation from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer and Englishtown aquifer system to small volume wells for potable water use. Nine other models also were developed as part of a trade-off analysis between withdrawal amounts and constraint values. The 14 management models included current (2003) or regularly spaced well locations with variations on the constraints of ground-water head, drawdown, velocity at the 250-mg/L (milligram per liter) isochlor, and withdrawal rate.\r\n\r\nResults of each management model were evaluated in terms of withdrawals, heads, saltwater intrusion, and source of water by aquifer. Each trade-off curve was defined by using six to nine separate management model runs. Results of the management models designed in this study indicate that a withdrawal reallocation of 5 to 20 Mgal/d within Critical Area 1 would increase the area of heads below -30 ft and the velocity at the 250-mg/L isochlor by up to 4 times that of the simulated 2003 results; the range of values are 0 to 521 square miles and 1 to 20 feet per year, respectively. The increase in area of heads below -30 ft was larger in the Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer than in other aquifers because that area was negligible in 2003. The range of modeled withdrawals is closely tied to management-model design. Interpretation of management model results is provided as well as a discussion of limitations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Spitz, F.J., Watt, M.K., and dePaul, V., 2008, Recovery of Ground-Water Levels From 1988 to 2003 and Analysis of Potential Water-Supply Management Options in Critical Area 1, East-Central New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5193, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075193.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1988-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10770,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5,38 ], [ -76.5,41 ], [ -73,41 ], [ -73,38 ], [ -76.5,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635486","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spitz, Frederick J. 0000-0002-1391-2127 fspitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-2127","contributorId":2777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fspitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watt, Martha K. 0000-0001-5651-3428 mwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5651-3428","contributorId":3275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Martha","email":"mwatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"dePaul, Vincent T. 0000-0002-7977-5217","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-5217","contributorId":13972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"dePaul","given":"Vincent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236413,"text":"70236413 - 2008 - Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Caetano caldera, north-central Nevada: A tilted, mid-Tertiary eruptive center and source of the Caetano Tuff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T15:44:12.880181","indexId":"70236413","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T10:47:13","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Caetano caldera, north-central Nevada: A tilted, mid-Tertiary eruptive center and source of the Caetano Tuff","docAbstract":"

The Caetano Tuff is a late Eocene, rhyolite ash-flow tuff that crops out within an ∼90-km-long, east-west–trending belt in north-central Nevada, previously interpreted as an elongate graben or “volcano-tectonic trough.” New field, petrographic, geochemical, and geochronologic data show that: (1) the east half of the “trough” is actually the Caetano caldera, formed by eruption of the Caetano Tuff at 33.8 Ma and later structurally dismembered during Miocene extension; (2) the west half of the trough includes both the distinctly younger and unrelated Fish Creek Mountains caldera (ca. 24.7 Ma) and a west-trending paleovalley partly filled with outflow Caetano Tuff; and (3) the Caetano Tuff as previously defined actually consists of three distinct units, two units of the 33.8 Ma Caetano Tuff and an older (34.2 Ma) tuff, exposed north of the Caetano caldera, herein named the tuff of Cove Mine.

Miocene extensional faulting and tilting has exposed the Caetano caldera over a paleodepth range of >5 km, from the caldera floor through post-caldera sedimentary rocks, providing exceptional constraints on an evolutionary model of the caldera that are rarely available for other calderas. The Caetano caldera filled with more than 4 km of intracaldera Caetano Tuff, while outflow tuff flowed west and south of the caldera, primarily down Eocene paleovalleys. Caldera fill consists of two units of Caetano Tuff. The lower compound cooling unit is as much as 3600 m thick and is separated by a complete cooling break from a 500–1000-m-thick upper unit that consists of multiple, thin, ash flows interbedded with sedimentary deposits. Multiple granite porphyries, including the 25-km2 Carico Lake pluton, intruded and domed the center of the caldera within 0.1 Ma of caldera formation; one of these porphyries is associated with pervasive argillic and advanced argillic alteration of the western half of the caldera. All exposed caldera-related rocks are rhyolites or granites (71–77.5 wt% SiO2). Caldera collapse was significantly greater than the thickness of caldera fill and created a topographic depression that served as a depocenter until at least 25 Ma, filling with nearly 1 km of sediments and distally derived, ash-flow tuffs.

The caldera is presently exposed in a series of 40–50°, east-tilted blocks bounded by north-striking, west-dipping normal faults that formed after 16 Ma. Slip on these faults accommodated ∼100% E-W extension, making the restored Caetano caldera ∼20 km east-west by 10–18 km north-south. The estimated volume of intracaldera Caetano Tuff is, therefore, ∼840 km3, and the minimum estimated total eruptive volume is ∼1100 km3. Although the Caetano magmatic system was probably too young to supply heat for nearby Carlin-type gold deposits in the Cortez district, earlier nearby magmatic activity may have contributed to formation of these deposits. Reconstruction of the late Eocene, pre-Caetano caldera geologic setting, immediately prior to caldera formation, indicates that the Cortez Hills and Horse Canyon Carlin-type deposits formed at ≤1 km depths.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00116.1","usgsCitation":"John, D.A., Henry, C., and Colgan, J.P., 2008, Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Caetano caldera, north-central Nevada: A tilted, mid-Tertiary eruptive center and source of the Caetano Tuff: Geosphere, v. 4, no. 1, p. 75-106, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00116.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00116.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Caetano caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":36556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236412,"text":"70236412 - 2008 - A prominent geophysical feature along the northern Nevada rift and its geologic implications, north-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T15:46:08.204682","indexId":"70236412","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T10:41:14","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A prominent geophysical feature along the northern Nevada rift and its geologic implications, north-central Nevada","docAbstract":"

We consider the origin and character of a prominent large-scale geophysical feature in north-central Nevada that is coincident with the western margin of the northern Nevada rift—a mid-Miocene rift that includes mafic dike swarms and associated volcanic rocks expressed by a NNW-striking magnetic anomaly. The geophysical feature also correlates with mid-Miocene epithermal gold deposits and is coincident with the central part of the Battle Mountain–Eureka mineral trend. The Reese River Valley, a 2-km-deep Cenozoic basin, is located along the western margin of this feature and is inferred from the inversion of gravity data to be influenced by, and perhaps in part structurally controlled by, the geophysical feature.

Geophysical modeling indicates that the source of the geophysical anomaly must extend to mid-crustal depths, perhaps reflecting a transition from Paleozoic crust in the southwest to Precambrian crust in the northeast, the presence of felsic intrusive rocks in the middle crust, or the edge of mid- to sub-crustal mafic intrusions related to late Tertiary magmatic underplating associated with hotspot magmatism.

These cases offer very different possibilities for the age, depth, and origin of the source of the geophysical anomaly, and they present distinct implications for crustal evolution in the northern Great Basin. For example, if the anomaly is due to a pre-Cenozoic basement structure, then its coincidence with the mid-Miocene northern Nevada rift suggests that the trend of the rift was guided by the pre-existing crustal structure. On the other hand, if the anomaly is related to Tertiary mafic intrusions, then the western limit of this magmatism may have been influenced by hotspot fracturing of the crust.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00117.1","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., and Glen, J.M., 2008, A prominent geophysical feature along the northern Nevada rift and its geologic implications, north-central Nevada: Geosphere, v. 4, no. 1, p. 207-217, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00117.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"217","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00117.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406235,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Nevada rift","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M.G. 0000-0002-3502-3355 jglen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-3355","contributorId":176530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236404,"text":"70236404 - 2008 - Large-magnitude Miocene extension of the Eocene Caetano caldera, Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T16:33:29.717937","indexId":"70236404","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T08:46:55","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-magnitude Miocene extension of the Eocene Caetano caldera, Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges, Nevada","docAbstract":"

Because major mineral deposits in north-central Nevada predate significant Basin and Range extension, a detailed understanding of the timing and kinematics of extensional faulting is necessary to place these deposits in their original structural context. The complexity of pre-Cenozoic deformation in northern Nevada makes restoring Basin and Range faulting difficult without locating well-dated, regionally extensive Cenozoic units that can be used to restore slip along normal faults. The goal of this study is to reconstruct extensional faulting in the Shoshone and northern Toiyabe Ranges by using Cenozoic rocks in and around the Caetano caldera, which formed ca. 33.8 Ma during eruption of the Caetano Tuff. The caldera filled with more than 4 km of intracaldera tuff during initial caldera-forming eruptions, and additional sedimentary and volcanic rocks subsequently filled the topographic depression left by the caldera collapse. These rocks are conformable over the interval 34–25 Ma, consistent with little, if any, extension during that time. The 34–25 Ma rocks were later cut by a set of closely spaced (1–3 km) normal faults that accommodated significant extension and foot-wall rotations of 40°–50°. Restored structural cross sections indicate that the present ∼42 km (east-west) width of the Caetano caldera has been extended 110%, resulting in 22 ± 3 km westward translation of the Fish Creek Mountains relative to the southern Cortez Range. Major normal faults mapped within the caldera continue south and north along strike into the surrounding Paleozoic basement rocks; therefore it is likely that parts of surrounding areas are also significantly extended. Miocene (16–12 Ma) sedimentary rocks in the hanging walls of major normal faults include both fluvial/lacustrine facies and coarser alluvial fan deposits. Where exposed, the bases of the Miocene sedimentary sections are in angular conformity with underlying ∼40°E tilted 34–25 Ma volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The distribution, composition, and geometry of these deposits are best explained by accumulation in a set of half-graben basins that formed in response to slip on basin-bounding faults. Extension thus appears to have taken place in the middle Miocene, beginning at or shortly after 16 Ma, and was mostly completed by 10–12 Ma. Fault blocks and basins formed during middle Miocene extension are cut by younger, more widely spaced, high-angle normal faults that began forming more recently than 10–12 Ma. These faults outline the modern basins and ranges in the study area and some have remained active into the Holocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00115.1","usgsCitation":"Colgan, J.P., John, D.A., Henry, C., and Fleck, R.J., 2008, Large-magnitude Miocene extension of the Eocene Caetano caldera, Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges, Nevada: Geosphere, v. 4, no. 1, p. 107-130, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00115.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00115.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Eocene Caetano caldera, Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -116.25,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":36556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80913,"text":"ofr20071402 - 2008 - Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering 1989-2006 Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:28","indexId":"ofr20071402","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1402","title":"Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering 1989-2006 Data","docAbstract":"EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\r\n\r\nIn 1967, the humpback chub (Gila cypha) (HBC) was added to the federal list of endangered species and is today protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Only six populations of humpback chub are currently known to exist, five in the Colorado River Basin above Lees Ferry, Arizona, and one in Grand Canyon, Arizona. The majority of Grand Canyon humpback chub are found in the Little Colorado River (LCR)-the largest tributary to the Colorado River in Grand Canyon-and the Colorado River near its confluence with the Little Colorado River. Monitoring and research of the Grand Canyon humpback chub population is overseen by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC) under the auspices of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program (GCDAMP), a Federal initiative to protect and improve resources downstream of Glen Canyon Dam.\r\n\r\nThis report provides updated information on the status and trends of the LCR population in light of new information and refined assessment methodology. An earlier assessment of the LCR population (Coggins and others, 2006a) used data collected during 1989?2002; the assessment provided here includes that data and additional data collected through 2006. Catch-rate indices, closed population mark-recapture model abundance estimates, results from the original age-structured mark recapture (ASMR) model (Coggins and others, 2006b), and a newly refined ASMR model are presented. This report also seeks to (1) formally evaluate alternative stock assessment models using Pearson residual analyses and information theoretic procedures, (2) use mark-recapture data to estimate the relationship between HBC age and length, (3) translate uncertainty in the assignment of individual fish age to resulting estimates of recruitment and abundance from the ASMR model, and (4) evaluate past and present stock assessments considering the available data sources and analyses, recognizing the limitations inherent in both.\r\n\r\nA major task of this study was to improve the overall methodology used to conduct HBC stock assessment by addressing concerns identified in an independent review conducted in 2003 (Kitchell and others, 2003). The review report identified that the current technique of assigning age to individual fish based on length was a potential source of bias in ASMR estimates of abundance and recruitment, and called for a more complete examination of this potential error source. Additionally, the review suggested that further work to develop procedures to better arbitrate among alternative assessment models (e.g., ASMR 1?3) would be beneficial.\r\n\r\nTo address the first of the concerns identified by the independent review, this study uses mark-recapture data to develop a temperature-dependent growth model to characterize the relationship between HBC age and length. This model attempts to account for temperature differences resulting from both ontogenetic habitat shifts between the Little Colorado and the mainstem Colorado Rivers as well as seasonal variation in water temperature within the LCR. The resulting growth model is then used to characterize the error in assigning age to individual fish based on length. Results presented in this study suggest that ageing error does not result in large bias in either abundance or recruitment estimates from the ASMR model. However, incorporating ageing error into the assessment does result in less precise estimates, particularly for recruitment.\r\n\r\nTo address the second concern brought forward in the review report related to model selection procedures, this study arbitrated among the competing models by both examining model fit using Pearson residual analyses and considering information theoretic measures. Although adult abundance estimates and trend varied little among all models considered, these procedures identified ASMR 3 as the model whose underlying assumptions were most consistent with the data. Because ASMR 3 is ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071402","usgsCitation":"Coggins, 2008, Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering 1989-2006 Data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1402, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071402.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1402/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3956","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coggins, Jr.","contributorId":54306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coggins","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159120,"text":"70159120 - 2008 - Modeling landscape evapotranspiration by integrating land surface phenology and a water balance algorithm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:53:45","indexId":"70159120","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5009,"text":"Algorithms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling landscape evapotranspiration by integrating land surface phenology and a water balance algorithm","docAbstract":"

The main objective of this study is to present an improved modeling technique called Vegetation ET (VegET) that integrates commonly used water balance algorithms with remotely sensed Land Surface Phenology (LSP) parameter to conduct operational vegetation water balance modeling of rainfed systems at the LSP’s spatial scale using readily available global data sets. Evaluation of the VegET model was conducted using Flux Tower data and two-year simulation for the conterminous US. The VegET model is capable of estimating actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of rainfed crops and other vegetation types at the spatial resolution of the LSP on a daily basis, replacing the need to estimate crop- and region-specific crop coefficients.

","language":"English","publisher":"Molecular Diversity Preservation International","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/a1020052","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., 2008, Modeling landscape evapotranspiration by integrating land surface phenology and a water balance algorithm: Algorithms, v. 1, no. 2, p. 52-68, https://doi.org/10.3390/a1020052.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a1020052","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f37e4b07657d19c78dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159449,"text":"70159449 - 2008 - Integrating modelling and remote sensing to identify ecosystem performance anomalies in the boreal forest, Yukon River Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-30T09:56:55","indexId":"70159449","displayToPublicDate":"2008-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2035,"text":"International Journal of Digital Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating modelling and remote sensing to identify ecosystem performance anomalies in the boreal forest, Yukon River Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"

High-latitude ecosystems are exposed to more pronounced warming effects than other parts of the globe. We develop a technique to monitor ecological changes in a way that distinguishes climate influences from disturbances. In this study, we account for climatic influences on Alaskan boreal forest performance with a data-driven model. We defined ecosystem performance anomalies (EPA) using the residuals of the model and made annual maps of EPA. Most areas (88%) did not have anomalous ecosystem performance for at least 6 of 8 years between 1996 and 2004. Areas with underperforming EPA (10%) often indicate areas associated with recent fires and areas of possible insect infestation or drying soil related to permafrost degradation. Overperforming areas (2%) occurred in older fire recovery areas where increased deciduous vegetation components are expected. The EPA measure was validated with composite burn index data and Landsat vegetation indices near and within burned areas.

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This chapter assesses palaeoclimatic data and knowledge of how the climate system changes over interannual to millennial time scales, and how well these variations can be simulated with climate models. Additional palaeoclimatic perspectives are included in other chapters. Palaeoclimate science has made significant advances since the 1970s, when a primary focus was on the origin of the ice ages, the possibility of an imminent future ice age, and the first explorations of the so-called Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period. Even in the first IPCC assessment (IPCC, 1990), many climatic variations prior to the instrumental record were not that well known or understood. Fifteen years later, understanding is much improved, more quantitative and better integrated with respect to observations and modelling. After a brief overview of palaeoclimatic methods, including their strengths and weaknesses, this chapter examines the palaeoclimatic record in chronological order, from oldest to youngest. This approach was selected because the climate system varies and changes over all time scales, and it is instructive to understand the contributions that lower-frequency patterns of climate change might make in influencing higher-frequency patterns of variability and change. In addition, an examination of how the climate system has responded to large changes in climate forcing in the past is useful in assessing how the same climate system might respond to the large anticipated forcing changes in the future.

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This report describes some simple spatial statistical methods to explore the relationships of scattered points to geologic or other features, represented by points, lines, or areas. It also describes statistical methods to search for linear trends and clustered patterns within the scattered point data. Scattered points are often contained within irregularly shaped study areas, necessitating the use of methods largely unexplored in the point pattern literature. The methods take advantage of the power of modern GIS toolkits to numerically approximate the null hypothesis of randomly located data within an irregular study area. Observed distributions can then be compared with the null distribution of a set of randomly located points. The methods are non-parametric and are applicable to irregularly shaped study areas. Patterns within the point data are examined by comparing the distribution of the orientation of the set of vectors defined by each pair of points within the data with the equivalent distribution for a random set of points within the study area. A simple model is proposed to describe linear or clustered structure within scattered data. A scattered data set of damage to pavement and pipes, recorded after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, is used as an example to demonstrate the analytical techniques. The damage is found to be preferentially located nearer a set of mapped lineaments than randomly scattered damage, suggesting range-front faulting along the base of the Santa Cruz Mountains is related to both the earthquake damage and the mapped lineaments. The damage also exhibit two non-random patterns: a single cluster of damage centered in the town of Los Gatos, California, and a linear alignment of damage along the range front of the Santa Cruz Mountains, California. The linear alignment of damage is strongest between 45° and 50° northwest. This agrees well with the mean trend of the mapped lineaments, measured as 49? northwest.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071442","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G.A., 2008, Analysis of a spatial point pattern: Examining the damage to pavement and pipes in Santa Clara Valley resulting from the Loma Prieta earthquake (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1442, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071442.","productDescription":"51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402615,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83237.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10744,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1442/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.74087524414064,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.74087524414064,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.19533058280065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, G. A.","contributorId":67107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80907,"text":"sir20075282 - 2008 - A modified siphon sampler for shallow water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-27T13:03:12","indexId":"sir20075282","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5282","title":"A modified siphon sampler for shallow water","docAbstract":"A modified siphon sampler (or 'single-stage sampler') was developed to sample shallow water at closely spaced vertical intervals. The modified design uses horizontal rather than vertical sample bottles. Previous siphon samplers are limited to water about 20 centimeters (cm) or more in depth; the modified design can sample water 10 cm deep. Several mounting options were used to deploy the modified siphon sampler in shallow bedrock streams of Middle Tennessee, while minimizing alteration of the stream bed.\n\nSampling characteristics and limitations of the modified design are similar to those of the original design. Testing showed that the modified sampler collects unbiased samples of suspended silt and clay. Similarity of the intake to the original siphon sampler suggests that the modified sampler would probably take downward-biased samples of suspended sand. Like other siphon samplers, it does not sample isokinetically, and the efficiency of sand sampling can be expected to change with flow velocity. The sampler needs to be located in the main flow of the stream, and is subject to damage from rapid flow and floating debris.\n\nWater traps were added to the air vents to detect the flow of water through the sampler, which can cause a strong upward bias in sampled suspended-sediment concentration. Water did flow through the sampler, in some cases even when the top of the air vent remained above water. Air vents need to be extended well above maximum water level to prevent flow through the sampler.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075282","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Diehl, T.H., 2008, A modified siphon sampler for shallow water: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5282, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075282.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5282.jpg"},{"id":10750,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5282/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b40c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, Timothy H. 0000-0001-9691-2212 thdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-2212","contributorId":546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Timothy","email":"thdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80887,"text":"ofr20071401 - 2008 - Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071401","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1401","title":"Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment","docAbstract":"Volcan Baru is a potentially active volcano in western Panama, about 35 km east of the Costa Rican border. The volcano has had four eruptive episodes during the past 1,600 years, including its most recent eruption about 400?500 years ago. Several other eruptions occurred in the prior 10,000 years. Several seismic swarms in the 20th century and a recent swarm in 2006 serve as reminders of a restless tectonic terrane.\r\n\r\nGiven this history, Volcan Baru likely will erupt again in the near or distant future, following some premonitory period of seismic activity and subtle ground deformation that may last for days or months. Future eruptions will likely be similar to past eruptions?explosive and dangerous to those living on the volcano?s flanks. Outlying towns and cities could endure several years of disruption in the wake of renewed volcanic activity.\r\n\r\nDescribed in this open-file report are reconnaissance mapping and stratigraphic studies, radiocarbon dating, lahar-inundation modeling, and hazard-analysis maps. Existing data have been compiled and included to make this report as comprehensive as possible. The report is prepared in coooperation with National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) of the Republic of Panama and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071401","collaboration":"Prepared in coooperation with National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) of the Republic of Panama and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., Vallance, J.W., Tapia Espinosa, A., and McGeehin, J., 2008, Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1401, Report: 33 p.; 1 Plate: 32 x 21 inches; Data; Report and plate also available in Spanish, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071401.","productDescription":"Report: 33 p.; 1 Plate: 32 x 21 inches; Data; Report and plate also available in Spanish","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10725,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1401/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83,8.25 ], [ -83,8.75 ], [ -82.25,8.75 ], [ -82.25,8.25 ], [ -83,8.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd930","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tapia Espinosa, Arkin","contributorId":7384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tapia Espinosa","given":"Arkin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. 0000-0002-5320-6091 mcgeehin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":3444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John P.","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80892,"text":"sir20075255 - 2008 - Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-05T12:32:21","indexId":"sir20075255","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5255","title":"Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","docAbstract":"A GPS survey of leveling benchmarks done in Long Valley Caldera in 1999 showed that the application of the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) geoid model GEOID99 to tie GPS heights to historical leveling measurements would significantly underestimate the caldera ground deformation (known from other geodetic measurements). The NGS geoid model was able to correctly reproduce the shape of the deformation, but required a local adjustment to give a realistic estimate of the magnitude of the uplift. In summer 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a new leveling survey along two major routes crossing the Long Valley region from north to south (Hwy 395) and from east to west (Hwy 203 - Benton Crossing). At the same time, 25 leveling bench marks were occupied with dual frequency GPS receivers to provide a measurement of the ellipsoid heights. Using the heights from these two surveys, we were able to compute a precise geoid height model (LVGEOID) for the Long Valley volcanic region. Our results show that although the LVGEOID and the latest NGS GEOID03 model practically coincide in areas outside the caldera, there is a difference of up to 0.2 m between the two models within the caldera. Accounting for this difference is critical when using the geoid height model to estimate the ground deformation due to magmatic or tectonic activity in the caldera.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075255","usgsCitation":"Battaglia, M., Dzurisin, D., Langbein, J.O., Svarc, J., and Hill, D.P., 2008, Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5255, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075255.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10730,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5255/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.2,37.5 ], [ -119.2,38 ], [ -118.4,38 ], [ -118.4,37.5 ], [ -119.2,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68654d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglia, Maurizio mbattaglia@usgs.gov","contributorId":2526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Maurizio","email":"mbattaglia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langbein, John O.","contributorId":72438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry","contributorId":82012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70217394,"text":"70217394 - 2008 - ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T17:24:43.389661","indexId":"70217394","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-20T06:45:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3449,"text":"Southwest Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest","docAbstract":"

Throughout the Southwest, state and federal water-resource managers are becoming increasingly concerned about the impacts of future groundwater development on the region’s limited water resources, environmentally sensitive ecosystems, and rural lifestyle. To address their concerns, scientists and engineers are deploying physically based mathematical models to assess and predict the potential effects of increased groundwater pumping. The accuracy of these predictions is directly related to how well water budgets are quantified and balanced at basin and regional scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona","usgsCitation":"Moreo, M.T., Damar, N.A., and Laczniak, R.J., 2008, ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest: Southwest Hydrology, v. 7, no. 1, p. 28-33.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"33","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.swhydro.arizona.edu/archive/V7_N1/SWHVol7Issue1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Spring Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -114.03808593750001,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -114.03808593750001,\n 40.48038142908169\n ],\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 40.48038142908169\n ],\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 38.09998264736481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damar, Nancy A. 0000-0002-7520-7386 nadamar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-7386","contributorId":4154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damar","given":"Nancy","email":"nadamar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204446,"text":"70204446 - 2008 - Advances and limitations of individual-based models to analyze and predict dynamics of mangrove forests: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T15:49:35","indexId":"70204446","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-18T15:41:36","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advances and limitations of individual-based models to analyze and predict dynamics of mangrove forests: A review","docAbstract":"

Mangrove ecosystems are considered vulnerable to climate change as coastal development limits the ecosystem services and adaptations important to their survival. Although they appear rather simple in terms of species diversity, their ecology is complex due to interacting geophysical forces of tides, surface runoff, river and groundwater discharge, waves, and constituents of sediment, nutrients and saltwater. These interactions limit developing a comprehensive framework for science-based sustainable management practices. A suite of models have been developed independently by various academic and government institutions worldwide to understand the dynamics of mangrove ecosystems and to provide ecological forecasting capabilities under different management scenarios and natural disturbance regimes. The models have progressed from statistical tables representing growth and yield to more sophisticated models describing various system components and processes. Among these models are three individual-based models (IBMs) (FORMAN, KIWI, and MANGRO). A comparison of models’ designs reveal differences in the details of process description, particularly, regarding neighbor competition among trees. Each model has thus its specific range of applications. Whereas FORMAN and KIWI are most suitable to address mangrove forest dynamics of stands, MANGRO focuses on landscape dynamics on larger spatial scale. A comparison of the models and a comparison of the models with empirical knowledge further reveal the general needs for further field and validation studies to advance our ecological understanding and management of mangrove wetlands.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.015","usgsCitation":"Berger, U., Rivera-Monroy, V., Doyle, T.W., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., Duke, N., Fontalvo-Herazo, M.L., Hildenbrandt, H., Koedam, N., Mehlig, U., Piou, C., and Twilley, R.R., 2008, Advances and limitations of individual-based models to analyze and predict dynamics of mangrove forests: A review: Aquatic Botany, v. 89, no. 2, p. 260-274, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"274","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/46665","text":"External Repository"},{"id":365902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, Uta","contributorId":59552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Uta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.","contributorId":34198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"Victor H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doyle, Thomas W. 0000-0001-5754-0671 doylet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Thomas","email":"doylet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid","contributorId":150478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahdouh-Guebas","given":"Farid","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duke, N.C.","contributorId":8597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duke","given":"N.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fontalvo-Herazo, Martha L.","contributorId":217514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fontalvo-Herazo","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hildenbrandt, Hanno","contributorId":217515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hildenbrandt","given":"Hanno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koedam, Nico","contributorId":99463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koedam","given":"Nico","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mehlig, Ulf","contributorId":217516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mehlig","given":"Ulf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Piou, Cyril","contributorId":151656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piou","given":"Cyril","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Twilley, Robert R.","contributorId":34585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twilley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":80885,"text":"ofr20071404 - 2008 - Database for Assessment Unit-Scale Analogs (Exclusive of the United States)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"ofr20071404","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1404","title":"Database for Assessment Unit-Scale Analogs (Exclusive of the United States)","docAbstract":"This publication presents a database of geologic analogs useful for the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources. Particularly in frontier areas, where few oil and gas fields have been discovered, assessment methods such as discovery process models may not be usable. In such cases, comparison of the assessment area to geologically similar but more maturely explored areas may be more appropriate. This analog database consists of 246 assessment units, based on the U.S. Geological Survey 2000 World Petroleum Assessment. Besides geologic data to facilitate comparisons, the database includes data pertaining to numbers and sizes of oil and gas fields and the properties of their produced fluids.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071404","usgsCitation":"Charpentier, R., Klett, T., and Attanasi, E., 2008, Database for Assessment Unit-Scale Analogs (Exclusive of the United States) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1404, Report: iii, 61 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071404.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 61 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10721,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1404/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db6742f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, T. 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Thick, heterogeneous unsaturated zones away from large streams in desert areas have not previously been considered suitable for artificial recharge from ponds. To test the potential for recharge in these settings, 1.3 x 106 m3 of water was infiltrated through a 0.36-ha pond along Oro Grande Wash near Victorville, California, between October 2002 and January 2006. The pond overlies a regional pumping depression 117 m below land surface and is located where thickness and permeability of unsaturated deposits allowed infiltration and saturated alluvial deposits were sufficiently permeable to allow recovery of water. Because large changes in water levels caused by nearby pumping would obscure arrival of water at the water table, downward movement of water was measured using sensors in the unsaturated zone. The downward rate of water movement was initially as high as 6 m/d and decreased with depth to 0.07 m/d; the initial time to reach the water table was 3 years. After the unsaturated zone was wetted, water reached the water table in 1 year. Soluble salts and nitrate moved readily with the infiltrated water, whereas arsenic and chromium were less mobile. Numerical simulations done using the computer program TOUGH2 duplicated the downward rate of water movement, accumulation of water on perched zones, and its arrival at the water table. Assuming 10 3 106 m3 of recharge annually for 20 years, a regional ground water flow model predicted water level rises of 30 m beneath the ponds, and rises exceeding 3m in most wells serving the nearby urban area.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00406.x","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., Flint, A.L., and Stamos, C.L., 2008, Artificial recharge through a thick, heterogeneous unsaturated zone: Groundwater, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00406.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Victorville","otherGeospatial":"Oro Grande Wash","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d475e4b034bf6a7fa234","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":152474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352 clstamos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":1252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina","email":"clstamos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70118980,"text":"70118980 - 2008 - An interactive Bayesian geostatistical inverse protocol for hydraulic tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-01T16:25:08","indexId":"70118980","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T16:23:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An interactive Bayesian geostatistical inverse protocol for hydraulic tomography","docAbstract":"Hydraulic tomography is a powerful technique for characterizing heterogeneous hydrogeologic parameters. An explicit trade-off between characterization based on measurement misfit and subjective characterization using prior information is presented. We apply a Bayesian geostatistical inverse approach that is well suited to accommodate a flexible model with the level of complexity driven by the data and explicitly considering uncertainty. Prior information is incorporated through the selection of a parameter covariance model characterizing continuity and providing stability. Often, discontinuities in the parameter field, typically caused by geologic contacts between contrasting lithologic units, necessitate subdivision into zones across which there is no correlation among hydraulic parameters. We propose an interactive protocol in which zonation candidates are implied from the data and are evaluated using cross validation and expert knowledge. Uncertainty introduced by limited knowledge of dynamic regional conditions is mitigated by using drawdown rather than native head values. An adjoint state formulation of MODFLOW-2000 is used to calculate sensitivities which are used both for the solution to the inverse problem and to guide protocol decisions. The protocol is tested using synthetic two-dimensional steady state examples in which the wells are located at the edge of the region of interest.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006730","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., Clemo, T., and Kitanidis, P.K., 2008, An interactive Bayesian geostatistical inverse protocol for hydraulic tomography: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 12, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006730.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-004090","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291542,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006730"}],"volume":"44","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53dca9c0e4b076157863770f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clemo, Tom","contributorId":80205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clemo","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kitanidis, Peter K.","contributorId":104828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitanidis","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}