{"pageNumber":"902","pageRowStart":"22525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165523,"records":[{"id":70193120,"text":"70193120 - 2017 - Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T11:28:39","indexId":"70193120","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants","docAbstract":"<p>Recent decline of sea ice habitat has coincided with increased use of land by polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) from the southern Beaufort Sea (SB), which may alter the risks of exposure to pathogens and contaminants. We assayed blood samples from SB polar bears to assess prior exposure to the pathogens<i> Brucella spp</i>., <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>,<i> Francisella tularensis</i>, and <i>Neospora caninum</i>, estimate concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and evaluate risk factors associated with exposure to pathogens and POPs. We found that seroprevalence of <i>Brucella spp</i>. and <i>T. gondii</i> antibodies likely increased through time, and provide the first evidence of exposure of polar bears to <i>C. burnetii</i>, <i>N. caninum</i>, and <i>F. tularensis</i>. Additionally, the odds of exposure to <i>T. gondii</i> were greater for bears that used land than for bears that remained on the sea ice during summer and fall, while mean concentrations of the POP chlordane (ΣCHL) were lower for land-based bears. Changes in polar bear behavior brought about by climate-induced modifications to the Arctic marine ecosystem may increase exposure risk to certain pathogens and alter contaminant exposure pathways.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillan Publishers","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9","usgsCitation":"Atwood, T.C., Duncan, C.G., Patyk, K.A., Nol, P., Rhyan, J., McCollum, M., McKinney, M.A., Ramey, A.M., Cerqueira-Cezar, C., Kwok, O., Dubey, J.P., and Hennager, S., 2017, Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants: Scientific Reports, v. 7, 13193; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9.","productDescription":"13193; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086497","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78P5Z0G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pathogen and Contaminant Exposure Data from Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bears, 2007-2014"},{"id":347841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.763916015625,\n              69.79034074260014\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.38134765625,\n              69.79034074260014\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.38134765625,\n        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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, Colleen G.","contributorId":15512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duncan","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patyk, Kelly A.","contributorId":139696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patyk","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nol, Pauline","contributorId":34053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nol","given":"Pauline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhyan, Jack","contributorId":199054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhyan","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCollum, Matthew","contributorId":199055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCollum","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKinney, Melissa A.","contributorId":11496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cerqueira-Cezar, Camila","contributorId":199056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cerqueira-Cezar","given":"Camila","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kwok, Oliver C H","contributorId":199057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwok","given":"Oliver C H","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dubey, Jitender P","contributorId":199058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubey","given":"Jitender","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hennager, S.G.","contributorId":38309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hennager","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70192467,"text":"70192467 - 2017 - Compositional variations in sands of the Bagnold Dunes, Gale Crater, Mars, from visible-shortwave infrared spectroscopy and comparison with ground truth from the Curiosity Rover","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-24T15:52:15","indexId":"70192467","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional variations in sands of the Bagnold Dunes, Gale Crater, Mars, from visible-shortwave infrared spectroscopy and comparison with ground truth from the Curiosity Rover","docAbstract":"<p><span>During its ascent up Mount Sharp, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover traversed the Bagnold Dune Field. We model sand modal mineralogy and grain size at four locations near the rover traverse, using orbital shortwave infrared single scattering albedo spectra and a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo implementation of Hapke's radiative transfer theory to fully constrain uncertainties and permitted solutions. These predictions, evaluated against in situ measurements at one site from the Curiosity rover, show that XRD-measured mineralogy of the basaltic sands is within the 95% confidence interval of model predictions. However, predictions are relatively insensitive to grain size and are non-unique, especially when modeling the composition of minerals with solid solutions. We find an overall basaltic mineralogy and show subtle spatial variations in composition in and around the Bagnold dunes, consistent with a mafic enrichment of sands with cumulative transport distance by sorting of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase grains during aeolian saltation. Furthermore, the large variations in Fe and Mg abundances (~20 wt%) at the Bagnold Dunes suggest that compositional variability induced by wind sorting may be enhanced by local mixing with proximal sand sources. Our estimates demonstrate a method for orbital quantification of composition with rigorous uncertainty determination and provide key constraints for interpreting in situ measurements of compositional variability within martian aeolian sandstones.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016JE005133","usgsCitation":"Lapotre, M.G., Ehlmann, B.L., Minson, S.E., Arvidson, R., Ayoub, F., Fraeman, A.A., Ewing, R.C., and Bridges, N.T., 2017, Compositional variations in sands of the Bagnold Dunes, Gale Crater, Mars, from visible-shortwave infrared spectroscopy and comparison with ground truth from the Curiosity Rover: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 122, no. 12, p. 2489-2509, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JE005133.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"2489","endPage":"2509","ipdsId":"IP-081365","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016je005133","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bb2e4b0531197af9fd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lapotre, Mathieu G.A.","contributorId":198421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapotre","given":"Mathieu","email":"","middleInitial":"G.A.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehlmann, B. L.","contributorId":198422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":198423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ayoub, F.","contributorId":198424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayoub","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fraeman, A. A.","contributorId":198425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraeman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ewing, R. C.","contributorId":198426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ewing","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bridges, N. T.","contributorId":198427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bridges","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70192483,"text":"70192483 - 2017 - Examining spatial patterns of selection and use for an altered predator guild","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T13:56:02","indexId":"70192483","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining spatial patterns of selection and use for an altered predator guild","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic disturbances have altered species’\r\ndistributions potentially impacting interspecific interactions.\r\nInterference competition is when one species denies\r\na competing species access to a resource. One mechanism of\r\ninterference competition is aggression, which can result in\r\naltered space-use of a subordinate species due to the threat\r\nof harm, otherwise known as a ‘landscape of fear’. Alternatively,\r\nsubordinates might outcompete dominant species in\r\nresource-poor environments via a superior ability to extract\r\nresources. Our goal was to evaluate spatial predictions of\r\nthe ‘landscape of fear’ hypothesis for a carnivore guild in Newfoundland, Canada, where coyotes recently immigrated.\r\nNative Newfoundland carnivores include red foxes, Canada\r\nlynx, and black bears. We predicted foxes and lynx would\r\navoid coyotes because of their larger size and similar dietary\r\nniches. We used scat-detecting dogs and genetic techniques\r\nto locate and identify predator scats. We then built resource\r\nselection functions and tested for avoidance by incorporating\r\npredicted values of selection for the alternative species into\r\nthe best supported models of each species. We found multiple\r\nnegative relationships, but notably did not find avoidance\r\nby foxes of areas selected by coyotes. While we did\r\nfind that lynx avoided coyotes, we also found a reciprocal\r\nrelationship. The observed patterns suggest spatial partitioning\r\nand not coyote avoidance, although avoidance could\r\nstill be occurring at different spatial or temporal scales.\r\nFurthermore, Newfoundland’s harsh climate and poor soils\r\nmay swing the pendulum of interspecific interactions from\r\ninterference competition to exploitative competition, where\r\nsubordinates outcompete dominant competitors through a\r\nsuperior ability to extract resources.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-017-3971-8","usgsCitation":"Organ, J.F., Mumma, M., Holbrook, J.D., Rayl, N., Zieminski, C.J., Fuller, T.K., Mahoney, S.P., and Waits, L.P., 2017, Examining spatial patterns of selection and use for an altered predator guild: Oecologia, v. 185, no. 4, p. 725-735, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3971-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"725","endPage":"735","ipdsId":"IP-077746","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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D.","contributorId":140098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13384,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rayl, Nathaniel D.","contributorId":199082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rayl","given":"Nathaniel D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zieminski, Christopher J.","contributorId":199083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zieminski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fuller, Todd K.","contributorId":35700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mahoney, Shane P.","contributorId":199084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahoney","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Waits, Lisette P.","contributorId":87673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waits","given":"Lisette","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70193121,"text":"70193121 - 2017 - Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:13:32","indexId":"70193121","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2280,"text":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea","docAbstract":"Assessing the health and condition of animals in their natural environment can be problematic. Many physiological metrics, including immunity, are highly influenced by specific context and recent events to which researchers may be unaware. Thus, using a multifaceted physiological approach and a context-specific analysis encompassing multiple time scales can be highly informative. Ecoimmunological tools in particular can provide important indications to the health of animals in the wild. We collected blood and hair samples from free-ranging polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the southern Beaufort Sea and examined the influence of sex, age, and reproductive status on metrics of immunity, stress, and body condition during 2013–2015. We examined metrics of innate immunity (bactericidal ability and lysis) and stress (hair cortisol, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative barrier), in relation to indices of body condition considered to be short term (urea to creatinine ratio; UC ratio) and long term (storage energy and body mass index). We found the factors of sex, age, and reproductive status of the bear were critical for interpreting different physiological metrics. Additionally, the metrics of body condition were important predictors for stress indicators. Finally, many of these metrics differed between years, illustrating the need to examine populations on a longer time scale. Taken together, this study demonstrates the complex relationship between multiple facets of physiology and how interpretation requires us to examine individuals within a specific context.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jez.2112","usgsCitation":"Neuman-Lee, L., Terletzky, P., Atwood, T.C., Gese, E., Smith, G., Greenfield, S., Pettit, J., and French, S., 2017, Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea: Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology, v. 327, no. 5, p. 333-346, https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2112.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"346","ipdsId":"IP-086018","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7F76BDV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Innate Immunity and Stress and Reproductive Hormone Metrics for Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bears, 2013-2015"},{"id":347806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","volume":"327","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bafe4b0531197af9fc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuman-Lee, Lorin","contributorId":199061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neuman-Lee","given":"Lorin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terletzky, Patricia","contributorId":199062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Terletzky","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gese, Eric","contributorId":199063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gese","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey","contributorId":199064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenfield, Sydney","contributorId":199065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenfield","given":"Sydney","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pettit, John","contributorId":199066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettit","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"French, Susannah","contributorId":199067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"French","given":"Susannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70193123,"text":"70193123 - 2017 - Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:08:45","indexId":"70193123","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears","docAbstract":"Climate change is altering habitat for many species, leading to shifts in distributions that can increase levels of human-wildlife conflict. To develop effective strategies for minimizing human-wildlife conflict, we must understand the relative influences that climate change and other factors have on wildlife distributions. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are increasingly using land during summer and autumn due to sea ice loss, leading to higher incidents of conflict and concerns for human safety. We sought to understand the relative influence of sea ice conditions, onshore habitat characteristics, and human-provisioned food attractants on the distribution and abundance of polar bears while on shore. We also wanted to determine how mitigation measures might reduce human-polar bear conflict associated with an anthropogenic food source. We built a Bayesian hierarchical model based on 14 years of aerial survey data to estimate the weekly number and distribution of polar bears on the coast of northern Alaska in autumn. We then used the model to predict how effective two management options for handling subsistence-harvested whale remains in the community of Kaktovik, Alaska might be. The distribution of bears on shore was most strongly influenced by the presence of whale carcasses and to a lesser extent sea ice and onshore habitat conditions. The numbers of bears on shore were related to sea ice conditions. The two management strategies for handling the whale carcasses reduced the estimated number of bears near Kaktovik by > 75%. By considering multiple factors associated with the onshore distribution and abundance of polar bears we discerned what role human activities played in where bears occur and how successful efforts to manage the whale carcasses might be for reducing human-polar bear conflict.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.H., Regehr, E.V., St. Martin, M., Atwood, T.C., Peacock, E.L., Miller, S., and Divoky, G.J., 2017, Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears: Biological Conservation, v. 214, p. 288-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"294","ipdsId":"IP-081468","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469378,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74Q7S6Z","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Polar Bear Fall Coastal Survey Data from the Southern Beaufort Sea of Alaska, 2010-2013"},{"id":347803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              69.51914693717981\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.205810546875,\n              69.51914693717981\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.205810546875,\n              71.54926391392517\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              71.54926391392517\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              69.51914693717981\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"214","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98baee4b0531197af9fc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Ryan H. 0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"St. Martin, Michelle","contributorId":150114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Martin","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Susanne","contributorId":50955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Susanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13235,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Divoky, George J.","contributorId":100912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Divoky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70193125,"text":"70193125 - 2017 - Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:04:40","indexId":"70193125","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","docAbstract":"Understanding causes of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) attacks on humans is critical to ensuring both human safety and polar bear conservation. Although considerable attention has been focused on understanding black (U. americanus) and grizzly (U. arctos) bear conflicts with humans, there have been few attempts to systematically collect, analyze, and interpret available information on human-polar bear conflicts across their range. To help fill this knowledge gap, a database was developed (Polar Bear-Human Information Management System [PBHIMS]) to facilitate the range-wide collection and analysis of human-polar bear conflict data. We populated the PBHIMS with data collected throughout the polar bear range, analyzed polar bear attacks on people, and found that reported attacks have been extremely rare. From 1870–2014, we documented 73 attacks by wild polar bears, distributed among the 5 polar bear Range States (Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, and United States), which resulted in 20 human fatalities and 63 human injuries. We found that nutritionally stressed adult male polar bears were the most likely to pose threats to human safety. Attacks by adult females were rare, and most were attributed to defense of cubs. We judged that bears acted as a predator in most attacks, and that nearly all attacks involved ≤2 people. Increased concern for both human and bear safety is warranted in light of predictions of increased numbers of nutritionally stressed bears spending longer amounts of time on land near people because of the loss of their sea ice habitat. Improved conflict investigation is needed to collect accurate and relevant data and communicate accurate bear safety messages and mitigation strategies to the public. With better information, people can take proactive measures in polar bear habitat to ensure their safety and prevent conflicts with polar bears. This work represents an important first step towards improving our understanding of factors influencing human-polar bear conflicts. Continued collection and analysis of range-wide data on interactions and conflicts will help increase human safety and ensure the conservation of polar bears for future generations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.783","usgsCitation":"Wilder, J., Vongraven, D., Atwood, T.C., Hansen, B., Jessen, A., Kochnev, A.A., York, G., Vallender, R., Hedman, D., and Gibbons, M., 2017, Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 41, no. 3, p. 537-547, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.783.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"547","ipdsId":"IP-079208","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/12a8c44c8a1340928699d571ff587c4e","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, United States","volume":"41","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bade4b0531197af9fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilder, James","contributorId":152610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilder","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vongraven, Dag","contributorId":131092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vongraven","given":"Dag","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Bob","contributorId":199071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jessen, Amalie","contributorId":199072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessen","given":"Amalie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kochnev, Anatoly A.","contributorId":50096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochnev","given":"Anatoly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"York, Geoff","contributorId":199074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"York","given":"Geoff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vallender, Rachel","contributorId":194966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vallender","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34540,"text":"Canadian Museum of Nature","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27312,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hedman, Daryll","contributorId":199075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hedman","given":"Daryll","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gibbons, Melissa","contributorId":199076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70193126,"text":"70193126 - 2017 - Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T14:25:20","indexId":"70193126","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use","docAbstract":"<p><span>From 2000 to 2013, use of land as a seasonal habitat by polar bears (</span><i>Ursus maritimus</i><span>) of the southern Beaufort Sea (SB) subpopulation substantially increased. This onshore use has been linked to reduced spatial and temporal availability of sea ice, as well as to the availability of subsistence‐harvested bowhead whale (</span><i>Balaena mysticetus</i><span>) bone piles. Here, we evaluated the role of climate conditions on consumption of traditional ice‐associated prey relative to onshore bowhead whale bone piles. We determined seasonal and interannual trends in the diets of SB polar bears using fatty acid‐based analysis during this period of increasing land use. Diet estimates of 569 SB polar bears from 2004 to 2012 showed high seasonal fluctuations in the proportions of prey consumed. Higher proportions of bowhead whale, as well as ringed seal (</span><i>Pusa hispida</i><span>) and beluga whale (</span><i>Delphinapterus leucas</i><span>), were estimated to occur in the winter–spring diet, while higher proportions of bearded seal (</span><i>Erignathus barbatus</i><span>) were estimated for summer–fall diets. Trends in the annual mean proportions of individual prey items were not found in either period, except for significant declines in the proportion of beluga in spring‐sampled bears. Nonetheless, in years following a high winter Arctic oscillation index, proportions of ice‐associated ringed seal were lower in the winter–spring diets of adult females and juveniles. Proportions of bowhead increased in the winter–spring diets of adult males with the number of ice‐free days over the continental shelf. In one or both seasons, polar bears that were in better condition were estimated to have consumed less ringed seal and/or more bowhead whale than those in worse condition. Therefore, climate variation over this recent period appeared to influence the extent of onshore vs. on‐ice food use, which in turn, appeared to be linked to fluctuating condition of SB polar bears.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1633","usgsCitation":"McKinney, M.A., Atwood, T.C., Iverson, S.J., and Peacock, E.L., 2017, Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 1, Article e01633; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1633.","productDescription":"Article e01633; 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-071660","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1633","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NIMT90","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bear Fatty Acid Data, Spring Samples 2004-2016"},{"id":347801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bade4b0531197af9fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Melissa A.","contributorId":11496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iverson, Sara J.","contributorId":38471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193176,"text":"70193176 - 2017 - Hydrological responses to channelization and the formation of valley plugs and shoals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T09:46:24","indexId":"70193176","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological responses to channelization and the formation of valley plugs and shoals","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rehabilitation of floodplain systems focuses on restoring interactions between the fluvial system and floodplain, however, there is a paucity of information on the effects of valley plugs and shoals on floodplain hydrological processes. We investigated hydrologic regimes in floodplains at three valley plug sites, two shoal sites, and three unchannelized sites. Valley plug sites had altered surface and sub-surface hydrology relative to unchannelized sites, while only sub-surface hydrology was affected at shoal sites. Some of the changes were unexpected, such as reduced flood duration and flood depth in floodplains associated with valley plugs. Our results emphasize the variability associated with hydrologic processes around valley plugs and our rudimentary understanding of the effects associated with these geomorphic features. Water table levels were lower at valley plug sites compared to unchannelized sites, however, valley plug sites had a greater proportion of days when water table inundation was above mean root collar depth than both shoal and unchannelized sites as a result of lower root collar depths and higher deposition rates. This study has provided evidence that valley plugs can affect both surface and sub-surface hydrology in different ways than previously thought and illustrates the variability in hydrological responses to valley plug formation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-017-0886-4","usgsCitation":"Pierce, A.R., and King, S.L., 2017, Hydrological responses to channelization and the formation of valley plugs and shoals: Wetlands, v. 37, no. 3, p.  513-523, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-017-0886-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":" 513","endPage":"523","ipdsId":"IP-075866","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bace4b0531197af9fb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Aaron R.","contributorId":94421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33463,"text":"Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193218,"text":"70193218 - 2017 - Origin of discrepancies between crater size-frequency distributions of coeval lunar geologic units via target property contrasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T14:41:00","indexId":"70193218","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of discrepancies between crater size-frequency distributions of coeval lunar geologic units via target property contrasts","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent work on dating Copernican-aged craters, using Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Camera data, re-encountered a curious discrepancy in crater size-frequency distribution (CSFD) measurements that was observed, but not understood, during the Apollo era. For example, at Tycho, Copernicus, and Aristarchus craters, CSFDs of impact melt deposits give significantly younger relative and absolute model ages (AMAs) than impact ejecta blankets, although these two units formed during one impact event, and would ideally yield coeval ages at the resolution of the CSFD technique. We investigated the effects of contrasting target properties on CSFDs and their resultant relative and absolute model ages for coeval lunar impact melt and ejecta units. We counted craters with diameters through the transition from strength- to gravity-scaling on two large impact melt deposits at Tycho and King craters, and we used pi-group scaling calculations to model the effects of differing target properties on final crater diameters for five different theoretical lunar targets. The new CSFD for the large King Crater melt pond bridges the gap between the discrepant CSFDs within a single geologic unit. Thus, the observed trends in the impact melt CSFDs support the occurrence of target property effects, rather than self-secondary and/or field secondary contamination. The CSFDs generated from the pi-group scaling calculations show that targets with higher density and effective strength yield smaller crater diameters than weaker targets, such that the relative ages of the former are lower relative to the latter. Consequently, coeval impact melt and ejecta units will have discrepant apparent ages. Target property differences also affect the resulting slope of the CSFD, with stronger targets exhibiting shallower slopes, so that the final crater diameters may differ more greatly at smaller diameters. Besides their application to age dating, the CSFDs may provide additional information about the characteristics of the target. For example, the transition diameter from strength- to gravity-scaling could provide a tool for investigating the relative strengths of different geologic units. The magnitude of the offset between the impact melt and ejecta isochrons may also provide information about the relative target properties and/or exposure/degradation ages of the two units. Robotic or human sampling of coeval units on the Moon could provide a direct test of the importance and magnitude of target property effects on CSFDs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2016.11.040","usgsCitation":"Van der Bogert, C.H., Hiesinger, H., Dundas, C.M., Kruger, T., McEwen, A.S., Zanetti, M., and Robinson, M.S., 2017, Origin of discrepancies between crater size-frequency distributions of coeval lunar geologic units via target property contrasts: Icarus, v. 298, p. 49-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2016.11.040.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-067339","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"298","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98babe4b0531197af9fb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Bogert, Carolyn H.","contributorId":199120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Bogert","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hiesinger, Harald","contributorId":172686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hiesinger","given":"Harald","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27080,"text":"Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kruger, T.","contributorId":199121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zanetti, Michael","contributorId":199122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanetti","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Robinson, Mark S.","contributorId":167665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70193219,"text":"70193219 - 2017 - High-resolution seismic characterization of the gas and gas hydrate system at Green Canyon 955, Gulf of Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:54:41","indexId":"70193219","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution seismic characterization of the gas and gas hydrate system at Green Canyon 955, Gulf of Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"The Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments at lease block Green Canyon 955 (GC955) in the Gulf of Mexico include sand-rich strata with high saturations of gas hydrate; these gas hydrate accumulations and the associated geology have been characterized over the past decade using conventional industry three-dimensional (3D) seismic data and dedicated logging-while-drilling (LWD) borehole data. To improve structural and stratigraphic characterization and to address questions of gas flow and reservoir properties, in 2013 the U.S. Geological Survey acquired high-resolution two-dimensional (2D) seismic data at GC955. Combined analysis of all available data improves our understanding of the geological evolution of the study area, which includes basin-scale migration of the Mississippi River sediment influx as well as local-scale shifting of sedimentary channels at GC955 in response to salt-driven uplift, structural deformation associated with the salt uplift, and upward gas migration from deeper sediments that charges the main gas hydrate reservoir and shallower strata. The 2D data confirm that the sand-rich reservoir is composed principally of sediments deposited in a proximal levee setting and that episodes of channel scour, interspersed with levee deposition, have resulted in an assemblage of many individual proximal levee deposit “pods” each with horizontal extent up to several hundred meters. Joint analysis of the 2D and 3D data reveals new detail of a complex fault network that controls the fluid-flow system; large east-west trending normal faults allow fluid flow through the reservoir-sealing fine-grained unit, and smaller north-south oriented faults provide focused fluid-flow pathways (chimneys) through the shallower sediments. This system has enabled the flow of gas from the main reservoir to the seafloor throughout the recent history at GC955, and its intricacies help explain the distributed occurrences of gas hydrate in the intervening strata.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.01.029","usgsCitation":"Haines, S.S., Hart, P.E., Collett, T.S., Shedd, W., Frye, M., Weimer, P., and Boswell, R., 2017, High-resolution seismic characterization of the gas and gas hydrate system at Green Canyon 955, Gulf of Mexico, USA: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 82, p. 220-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.01.029.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"237","ipdsId":"IP-080584","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.01.029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.96630859375,\n              27.32297494724568\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.560791015625,\n              27.32297494724568\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.560791015625,\n              30.92107637538488\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.96630859375,\n              30.92107637538488\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.96630859375,\n              27.32297494724568\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98babe4b0531197af9fac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haines, Seth S. 0000-0003-2611-8165 shaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-8165","contributorId":1344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"Seth","email":"shaines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shedd, William","contributorId":197798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shedd","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frye, Matthew","contributorId":197799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frye","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weimer, Paul","contributorId":107650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weimer","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":195143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70193233,"text":"70193233 - 2017 - Small high-definition video cameras as a tool to resight uniquely marked Interior Least Terns (Sternula antillarum athalassos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T10:55:04","indexId":"70193233","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Small high-definition video cameras as a tool to resight uniquely marked Interior Least Terns (<i>Sternula antillarum athalassos</i>)","title":"Small high-definition video cameras as a tool to resight uniquely marked Interior Least Terns (Sternula antillarum athalassos)","docAbstract":"<p>Many bird species of conservation concern have behavioral or morphological traits that make it difficult for researchers to determine if the birds have been uniquely marked. Those traits can also increase the difficulty for researchers to decipher those markers. As a result, it is a priority for field biologists to develop time- and cost-efficient methods to resight uniquely marked individuals, especially when efforts are spread across multiple States and study areas. The Interior Least Tern (<i>Sternula antillarum athalassos</i>) is one such difficult-to-resight species; its tendency to mob perceived threats, such as observing researchers, makes resighting marked individuals difficult without physical recapture. During 2015, uniquely marked adult Interior Least Terns were resighted and identified by small, inexpensive, high-definition portable video cameras deployed for 29-min periods adjacent to nests. Interior Least Tern individuals were uniquely identified 84% (n = 277) of the time. This method also provided the ability to link individually marked adults to a specific nest, which can aid in generational studies and understanding heritability for difficult-to-resight species. Mark-recapture studies on such species may be prone to sparse encounter data that can result in imprecise or biased demographic estimates and ultimately flawed inferences. High-definition video cameras may prove to be a robust method for generating reliable demographic estimates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.040.0211","usgsCitation":"Toy, D.L., Roche, E., and Dovichin, C.M., 2017, Small high-definition video cameras as a tool to resight uniquely marked Interior Least Terns (Sternula antillarum athalassos): Waterbirds, v. 40, no. 2, p. 180-186, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0211.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"186","ipdsId":"IP-075931","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Great 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"40","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba9e4b0531197af9fa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toy, Dustin L. 0000-0001-5390-5784 dtoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-5784","contributorId":5150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toy","given":"Dustin","email":"dtoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roche, Erin","contributorId":199143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roche","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dovichin, Colin M. 0000-0002-9325-5779 cdovichin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-5779","contributorId":4505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dovichin","given":"Colin","email":"cdovichin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193308,"text":"70193308 - 2017 - Local-scale habitat associations of grassland birds in southwestern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:05:11","indexId":"70193308","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local-scale habitat associations of grassland birds in southwestern Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Conservation of obligate grassland species requires not only the protection of a sufficiently large area of habitat but also the availability of necessary vegetation characteristics for particular species. As a result land managers must understand which habitat characteristics are important for their target species. To identify the habitat associations of eight species of grassland birds, we conducted bird and vegetation surveys on 66 grassland habitat patches in southwestern Minnesota in 2013 and 2014. Species of interest included sedge wren (<i>Cistothorus platensis</i>), Savannah sparrow (<i>Passerculus sandwichensis</i>), grasshopper sparrow (<i>Ammodramus savannarum</i>), Henslow's sparrow (<i>Ammodramus henslowii</i>), dickcissel (<i>Spiza americana</i>), bobolink (<i>Dolichonyx oryzivorus</i>), and western meadowlark (<i>Sturnella neglecta</i>). We calculated correlation coefficients between vegetation variables and species density as measures of linear association. We assessed curvilinear relationships with loess plots. We found grassland birds on 95.5% of surveyed sites, indicating remnant prairie in southwestern Minnesota is used by grassland birds. In general individual species showed different patterns of association and most species were tolerant of a wide variety of habitat conditions. The most consistent pattern was a negative association with both the quantity and proximity of trees. Our findings that individual species have different habitat preferences suggest that prairie resource managers may need to coordinate management efforts in order to create a mosaic of habitat types to support multiple species, though tree control will be an important and ongoing management activity at the individual site level.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-178.2.165","usgsCitation":"Elliott, L.H., and Johnson, D.H., 2017, Local-scale habitat associations of grassland birds in southwestern Minnesota: American Midland Naturalist, v. 178, no. 2, p. 165-188, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-178.2.165.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-078337","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"178","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba6e4b0531197af9f96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Lisa H.","contributorId":199322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7201,"text":"University of Minnesota-St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193322,"text":"70193322 - 2017 - Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:57:31","indexId":"70193322","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<i>Crotalus oreganus lutosus</i> (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","title":"Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","docAbstract":"<p>A variety of snake species employ head hiding as defensive behavior (Greene 1973. J. Herpetol. 7:143–161), but such behavior seems to be rarely observed in rattlesnakes. A recent report (Medica 2009. Herpetol. Rev. 40:95–97) presented observations on <i>Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus</i> and cited cases of similar behavior involving <i>C. atrox</i>, <i>C. ruber</i>, and <i>C. viridis viridis</i>. Here we report an encounter on 28 May 2016 with a <i>C. oreganus lutosus</i> (total length ca. 900 mm) observed 16 km S of Fallon, Churchill County, Nevada, USA. At 0925 h this snake was spotted by AKJ near the edge of the pavement on U.S. Hwy. 95. When approached, the snake presented typical active defensive behavior, with the rattle elevated (although not rattling), striking occasionally, and frequently flicking its conspicuous lavender and black tongue. As AKJ continued to take pictures the snake coiled more tightly (Fig. 1A), maintaining its rattle concealed and finally hiding its head beneath its coils (Fig. 1B). After photographing this pose AKJ made his first physical contact with the snake by scooping it up with a small shovel and placing it off the road. At this point the snake recovered its feisty attitude and would not retreat despite attempts to move it further away from the road. The snake did not rattle during the entire encounter (which lasted less than 5 min). Head hiding as a “last resort” in response to a persistent unavoidable threat may be more widespread within the family Crotalidae than previously documented.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.K., and Medica, P.A., 2017, Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display: Herpetological Review, v. 48, no. 1, p. 209-210.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-081942","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347900,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Churchill County","volume":"48","issue":"1","publicComments":"This article is in the \"Natural History Notes\" section of the issue.","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba6e4b0531197af9f91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Alexander K.","contributorId":199332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":35516,"text":"Kimhae City, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medica, Phil A. 0000-0002-5901-8841 pmedica@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5901-8841","contributorId":3226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"Phil","email":"pmedica@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193327,"text":"70193327 - 2017 - Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:13:15","indexId":"70193327","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"pb_abstract\">Deglacial (12.8–10.7 ka) sea level history on the East Siberian continental shelf and upper continental slope was reconstructed using new geophysical records and sediment cores taken during Leg 2 of the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition. The focus of this study is two cores from Herald Canyon, piston core SWERUS-L2-4-PC1 (4-PC1) and multicore SWERUS-L2-4-MC1 (4-MC1), and a gravity core from an East Siberian Sea transect, SWERUS-L2-20-GC1 (20-GC1). Cores 4-PC1 and 20-GC were taken at 120 and 115 m of modern water depth, respectively, only a few meters above the global last glacial maximum (LGM;  ∼  24 kiloannum or ka) minimum sea level of  ∼  125–130 meters below sea level (m b.s.l.). Using calibrated radiocarbon ages mainly on molluscs for chronology and the ecology of benthic foraminifera and ostracode species to estimate paleodepths, the data reveal a dominance of river-proximal species during the early part of the Younger Dryas event (YD, Greenland Stadial GS-1) followed by a rise in river-intermediate species in the late Younger Dryas or the early Holocene (Preboreal) period. A rapid relative sea level rise beginning at roughly 11.4 to 10.8 ka ( ∼  400 cm of core depth) is indicated by a sharp faunal change and unconformity or condensed zone of sedimentation. Regional sea level at this time was about 108 m b.s.l. at the 4-PC1 site and 102 m b.s.l. at 20-GC1. Regional sea level near the end of the YD was up to 42–47 m lower than predicted by geophysical models corrected for glacio-isostatic adjustment. This discrepancy could be explained by delayed isostatic adjustment caused by a greater volume and/or geographical extent of glacial-age land ice and/or ice shelves in the western Arctic Ocean and adjacent Siberian land areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., O’Regan, M., Pearce, C., Gemery, L., Toomey, M., and Semiletov, I., 2017, Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins: Climate of the Past, v. 13, no. 9, p. 1097-1110, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1097","endPage":"1110","ipdsId":"IP-083404","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea","volume":"13","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba4e4b0531197af9f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Regan, Matt","contributorId":197135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Regan","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25421,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearce, Christof","contributorId":197126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearce","given":"Christof","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25421,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gemery, Laura 0000-0003-1966-8732 lgemery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-8732","contributorId":5402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemery","given":"Laura","email":"lgemery@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Semiletov, Igor","contributorId":197134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Semiletov","given":"Igor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35519,"text":"Russian Academy Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":24563,"text":"Tomsk Polytechnic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189312,"text":"ds1061 - 2017 - Geochemistry of mercury and other constituents in subsurface sediment—Analyses from 2011 and 2012 coring campaigns, Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T09:57:23","indexId":"ds1061","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1061","title":"Geochemistry of mercury and other constituents in subsurface sediment—Analyses from 2011 and 2012 coring campaigns, Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California","docAbstract":"<p>Cache Creek Settling Basin was constructed in 1937 to trap sediment from Cache Creek before delivery to the Yolo Bypass, a flood conveyance for the Sacramento River system that is tributary to the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta. Sediment management options being considered by stakeholders in the Cache Creek Settling Basin include sediment excavation; however, that could expose sediments containing elevated mercury concentrations from historical mercury mining in the watershed. In cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources, the U.S. Geological Survey undertook sediment coring campaigns in 2011–12 (1) to describe lateral and vertical distributions of mercury concentrations in deposits of sediment in the Cache Creek Settling Basin and (2) to improve constraint of estimates of the rate of sediment deposition in the basin.</p><p>Sediment cores were collected in the Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California, during October 2011 at 10 locations and during August 2012 at 5 other locations. Total core depths ranged from approximately 4.6 to 13.7 meters (15 to 45 feet), with penetration to about 9.1 meters (30 feet) at most locations. Unsplit cores were logged for two geophysical parameters (gamma bulk density and magnetic susceptibility); then, selected cores were split lengthwise. One half of each core was then photographed and archived, and the other half was subsampled. Initial subsamples from the cores (20-centimeter composite samples from five predetermined depths in each profile) were analyzed for total mercury, methylmercury, total reduced sulfur, iron speciation, organic content (as the percentage of weight loss on ignition), and grain-size distribution. Detailed follow-up subsampling (3-centimeter intervals) was done at six locations along an east-west transect in the southern part of the Cache Creek Settling Basin and at one location in the northern part of the basin for analyses of total mercury; organic content; and cesium-137, which was used for dating. This report documents site characteristics; field and laboratory methods; and results of the analyses of each core section and subsample of these sediment cores, including associated quality-assurance and quality-control data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1061","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Arias, M.R., Alpers, C.N., Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., Fuller, C.C., Agee, J.L., Sneed, Michelle, Morita, A.Y., and Salas, A.J., 2017, Geochemistry of mercury and other constituents in subsurface sediment—Analyses from 2011 and 2012 coring campaigns, Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1061, 150 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1061.","productDescription":"vi, 150 p.","numberOfPages":"160","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-066188","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347824,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1061/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":347825,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1061/ds1061.pdf","text":"Report","size":"56.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1061"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Yolo County","otherGeospatial":"Cache Creek Settling Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              38.65\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.65,\n              38.65\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.65,\n              38.7333\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              38.7333\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              38.65\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"http://ca.water.usgs.gov\" target=\"blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://ca.water.usgs.gov\">California Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 6000 J Street, Placer Hall<br> Sacramento, California 95819</p><p>http://ca.water.usgs.gov</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments<br></li><li>Abstract<br></li><li>Introduction<br></li><li>The 2011 Deep Core Drilling Campaign<br></li><li>The 2012 Deep Core Drilling Campaign<br></li><li>Coring Methods and Equipment<br></li><li>Calculation of Core Depths<br></li><li>Determination of Land-Surface Elevations at Coring Locations<br></li><li>Sediment-Core Processing<br></li><li>Laboratory Analysis<br></li><li>Coring Results<br></li><li>Graphical Core Descriptions<br></li><li>Laboratory Analysis Results<br></li><li>Summary<br></li><li>References<br></li><li>Appendixes 1–2<br></li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-10-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bb3e4b0531197af9fdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arias, Michelle R. 0000-0002-3467-6186 mrbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-6186","contributorId":199123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arias","given":"Michelle","email":"mrbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C. 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":1485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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,{"id":70188629,"text":"ds1054 - 2017 - Database for geologic maps of pyroclastic-flow and related deposits of the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T09:47:30","indexId":"ds1054","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1054","title":"Database for geologic maps of pyroclastic-flow and related deposits of the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>This publication releases digital versions of the geologic maps in U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map 1950 (USGS I-1950), “Geologic maps of pyroclastic-flow and related deposits of the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens, Washington” (Kuntz, Rowley, and MacLeod, 1990) (<a href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i1950\" target=\"blank\" data-mce-href=\"../publication/i1950\">https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i1950</a>). The 1980 Mount St. Helens eruptions on May 18, May 25, June 12, July 22, August 7, and October 16–18 produced pyroclastic-flow and related deposits. The distribution and morphology of these deposits, as determined from extensive field studies and examination of vertical aerial photographs, are shown on four maps in I-1950 (maps A–D) on two map sheets. Map A shows the May 18, May 25, and June 12 deposits; map B shows the July 22 deposits; map C shows the August 7 deposits; and map D shows the October 16–18 deposits. No digital geospatial versions of the geologic data were made available at the time of publication of the original maps. This data release consists of attributed vector features, data tables, and the cropped and georeferenced scans from which the features were digitized, in order to enable visualization and analysis of these data in GIS software. This data release enables users to digitally re-create the maps and description of map units of USGS I-1950; map sheet 1 includes text sections (Introduction, Physiography of Mount St. Helens at the time of the 1980 eruptions, Processes of the 1980 eruptions, Deposits of the 1980 eruptions, Limitations of the maps, Preparation of the maps, and References cited) and associated tables and figures that are not included in this data release.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1054","usgsCitation":"Furze, A.J., Bard, J.A., Robinson, J.E., Ramsey, D.W., Kuntz, M.A., Rowley, P.D., MacLoed, N.S., 2017, Database for Geologic Maps of Pyroclastic-Flow and Related Deposits of the 1980 Eruptions of Mount St. Helens, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1054, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1054.","productDescription":"Geodatabase; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081720","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347698,"rank":1,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1054/ds1054.zip","text":"Geodatabase","size":"11.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"DS 1054 Geodatabase"},{"id":347699,"rank":2,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1054/ds1054_readme.txt","size":"11 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"DS 1054 ReadMe"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.29774475097655,\n              46.13987966342405\n            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J.","contributorId":194403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furze","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bard, Joseph A. 0000-0003-3143-4007 jbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-4007","contributorId":5590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bard","given":"Joseph","email":"jbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Joel jrobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":194404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Joel","email":"jrobins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramsey, David W. 0000-0003-1698-2523 dramsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2523","contributorId":3819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"David","email":"dramsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuntz, Mel A. 0000-0001-8828-5474","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8828-5474","contributorId":6446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuntz","given":"Mel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rowley, Peter D.","contributorId":27435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"MacLeod, Norman S.","contributorId":13643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLeod","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70194664,"text":"70194664 - 2017 - The magnitude and origin of groundwater discharge to eastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico coastal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:31:44.664965","indexId":"70194664","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The magnitude and origin of groundwater discharge to eastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico coastal waters","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fresh groundwater discharge to coastal environments contributes to the physical and chemical conditions of coastal waters, but the role of coastal groundwater at regional to continental scales remains poorly defined due to diverse hydrologic conditions and the difficulty of tracking coastal groundwater flow paths through heterogeneous subsurface materials. We use three-dimensional groundwater flow models for the first time to calculate the magnitude and source areas of groundwater discharge from unconfined aquifers to coastal waterbodies along the entire eastern U.S. We find that 27.1&nbsp;km</span><sup>3</sup><span>/yr (22.8–30.5&nbsp;km</span><sup>3</sup><span>/yr) of groundwater directly enters eastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico coastal waters. The contributing recharge areas comprised ~175,000&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of U.S. land area, extending several kilometers inland. This result provides new information on the land area that can supply natural and anthropogenic constituents to coastal waters via groundwater discharge, thereby defining the subterranean domain potentially affecting coastal chemical budgets and ecosystem processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017GL075238","usgsCitation":"Befus, K., Kroeger, K.D., Smith, C.G., and Swarzenski, P.W., 2017, The magnitude and origin of groundwater discharge to eastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico coastal waters: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 20, p. 10396-10406, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075238.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"10396","endPage":"10406","ipdsId":"IP-088608","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469383,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gl075238","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349917,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","volume":"44","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb23e4b06e28e9c22d2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Befus, Kevin 0000-0001-7553-4195 kbefus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-4195","contributorId":190617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Befus","given":"Kevin","email":"kbefus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":724822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cgsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":3410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195397,"text":"70195397 - 2017 - Flow and residence times of dynamic river bank storage and sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T10:11:16","indexId":"70195397","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow and residence times of dynamic river bank storage and sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrologic exchange fluxes (HEFs) vary significantly along river corridors due to spatiotemporal changes in discharge and geomorphology. This variability results in the emergence of biogeochemical hot-spots and hot-moments that ultimately control solute and energy transport and ecosystem services from the local to the watershed scales. In this work, we use a reduced-order model to gain mechanistic understanding of river bank storage and sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange induced by transient river discharge. This is the first time that a systematic analysis of both processes is presented and serves as an initial step to propose parsimonious, physics-based models for better predictions of water quality at the large watershed scale. The effects of channel sinuosity, alluvial valley slope, hydraulic conductivity, and river stage forcing intensity and duration are encapsulated in dimensionless variables that can be easily estimated or constrained. We find that the importance of perturbations in the hyporheic zone's flux, residence times, and geometry is mainly explained by two-dimensionless variables representing the ratio of the hydraulic time constant of the aquifer and the duration of the event (Γ</span><sub><i>d</i></sub><span>) and the importance of the ambient groundwater flow (<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"math-equation-construct\" data-equation-construct=\"true\"><span class=\"math-equation-image\" data-equation-image=\"true\"><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://binarystore.wiley.com/store/10.1002/2017WR021362/asset/equation/wrcr22904-math-0001.png?v=1&amp;s=be103418b21131f03172a44a3017f7dbb804f190\" alt=\"math formula\" data-mce-src=\"http://binarystore.wiley.com/store/10.1002/2017WR021362/asset/equation/wrcr22904-math-0001.png?v=1&amp;s=be103418b21131f03172a44a3017f7dbb804f190\"></span></span><span>). Our model additionally shows that even systems with small sensitivity, resulting in small changes in the hyporheic zone extent, are characterized by highly variable exchange fluxes and residence times. These findings highlight the importance of including dynamic changes in hyporheic zones for typical HEF models such as the transient storage model.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017WR021362","usgsCitation":"Gomez-Velez, J., Wilson, J., Cardenas, M., and Harvey, J., 2017, Flow and residence times of dynamic river bank storage and sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 10, p. 8572-8595, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021362.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"8572","endPage":"8595","ipdsId":"IP-090318","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee7c7e4b0da30c1bfc378","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez-Velez, J.D.","contributorId":202440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomez-Velez","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[{"id":34868,"text":"New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, J.L.","contributorId":202441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34868,"text":"New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cardenas, M.B.","contributorId":202442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cardenas","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Judson 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":140228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193244,"text":"70193244 - 2017 - Lidar aboveground vegetation biomass estimates in shrublands: Prediction, uncertainties and application to coarser scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:40:44","indexId":"70193244","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lidar aboveground vegetation biomass estimates in shrublands: Prediction, uncertainties and application to coarser scales","docAbstract":"<p><span>Our study objectives were to model the aboveground biomass in a xeric shrub-steppe landscape with airborne light detection and ranging (Lidar) and explore the uncertainty associated with the models we created. We incorporated vegetation vertical structure information obtained from Lidar with ground-measured biomass data, allowing us to scale shrub biomass from small field sites (1 m subplots and 1 ha plots) to a larger landscape. A series of airborne Lidar-derived vegetation metrics were trained and linked with the field-measured biomass in Random Forests (RF) regression models. A Stepwise Multiple Regression (SMR) model was also explored as a comparison. Our results demonstrated that the important predictors from Lidar-derived metrics had a strong correlation with field-measured biomass in the RF regression models with a pseudo R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of 0.76 and RMSE of 125 g/m</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>for shrub biomass and a pseudo R</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of 0.74 and RMSE of 141 g/m</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>for total biomass, and a weak correlation with field-measured herbaceous biomass. The SMR results were similar but slightly better than RF, explaining 77–79% of the variance, with RMSE ranging from 120 to 129 g/m</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>for shrub and total biomass, respectively. We further explored the computational efficiency and relative accuracies of using point cloud and raster Lidar metrics at different resolutions (1 m to 1 ha). Metrics derived from the Lidar point cloud processing led to improved biomass estimates at nearly all resolutions in comparison to raster-derived Lidar metrics. Only at 1 m were the results from the point cloud and raster products nearly equivalent. The best Lidar prediction models of biomass at the plot-level (1 ha) were achieved when Lidar metrics were derived from an average of fine resolution (1 m) metrics to minimize boundary effects and to smooth variability. Overall, both RF and SMR methods explained more than 74% of the variance in biomass, with the most important Lidar variables being associated with vegetation structure and statistical measures of this structure (e.g., standard deviation of height was a strong predictor of biomass). Using our model results, we developed spatially-explicit Lidar estimates of total and shrub biomass across our study site in the Great Basin, U.S.A., for monitoring and planning in this imperiled ecosystem.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":" MDPI AG","doi":"10.3390/rs9090903","usgsCitation":"Li, A., Dhakal, S., Glenn, N.F., Spaete, L.P., Shinneman, D.J., Pilliod, D.S., Arkle, R., and McIlroy, S., 2017, Lidar aboveground vegetation biomass estimates in shrublands: Prediction, uncertainties and application to coarser scales: Remote Sensing, v. 9, 903; 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090903.","productDescription":"903; 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-087544","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090903","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.66,\n              42.71473218539458\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              42.71473218539458\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.66,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.66,\n              42.71473218539458\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba8e4b0531197af9fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Aihua","contributorId":169445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Aihua","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dhakal, Shital","contributorId":199163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dhakal","given":"Shital","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glenn, Nancy F.","contributorId":195241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spaete, Luke P.","contributorId":199164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spaete","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shinneman, Douglas J. 0000-0002-4909-5181 dshinneman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-5181","contributorId":147745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinneman","given":"Douglas","email":"dshinneman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":149254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arkle, Robert 0000-0003-3021-1389 rarkle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-1389","contributorId":149893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"Robert","email":"rarkle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McIlroy, Susan K. 0000-0001-5088-3700 smcilroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-3700","contributorId":169446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlroy","given":"Susan","email":"smcilroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70192201,"text":"fs20173072 - 2017 - FEQinput—An editor for the full equations (FEQ) hydraulic modeling system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T13:18:34","indexId":"fs20173072","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-30T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3072","title":"FEQinput—An editor for the full equations (FEQ) hydraulic modeling system","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The Full Equations Model (FEQ) is a computer program that solves the full, dynamic equations of motion for one-dimensional unsteady hydraulic flow in open channels and through control structures. As a result, hydrologists have used FEQ to design and operate flood-control structures, delineate inundation maps, and analyze peak-flow impacts. To aid in fighting floods, hydrologists are using the software to develop a system that uses flood-plain models to simulate real-time streamflow.</p><p>Input files for FEQ are composed of text files that contain large amounts of parameters, data, and instructions that are written in a format exclusive to FEQ. Although documentation exists that can aid in the creation and editing of these input files, new users face a steep learning curve in order to understand the specific format and language of the files.</p><p>FEQinput provides a set of tools to help a new user overcome the steep learning curve associated with creating and modifying input files for the FEQ hydraulic model and the related utility tool, Full Equations Utilities (FEQUTL).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173072","usgsCitation":"Ancalle, D.S., Ancalle, P.J., and Domanski, M.M., 2017, FEQinput—An editor for the full equations (FEQ) hydraulic modeling system: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3072, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173072.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Project Site","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-082519","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347141,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3072/fs20173072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"770 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3072"},{"id":347345,"rank":3,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/proj/feq/software/feqinput/","text":"Software"},{"id":347140,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3072/coverthb2.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_il@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_il@usgs.gov\">Director</a>,<a href=\"https://il.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://il.water.usgs.gov/\"> Illinois-Iowa Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 405 North Goodwin Avenue<br> Urbana, IL 61801</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Loading Files</li><li>Navigating and Searching in Files</li><li>Editing Files</li><li>Saving Files</li><li>Running Models</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Summary</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-10-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a27e4b063d5d309805f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ancalle, David S.","contributorId":197994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ancalle","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ancalle, Pablo J.","contributorId":197995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ancalle","given":"Pablo","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domanski, Marian M. 0000-0002-0468-314X mdomanski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-314X","contributorId":5035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domanski","given":"Marian","email":"mdomanski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70191422,"text":"ofr20171131 - 2017 - Public supply and domestic water use in the United States, 2015","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70191422,"text":"ofr20171131 - 2017 - Public supply and domestic water use in the United States, 2015","indexId":"ofr20171131","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Public supply and domestic water use in the United States, 2015"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70196293,"text":"cir1441 - 2018 - Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015","indexId":"cir1441","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"title":"Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70196293,"text":"cir1441 - 2018 - Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015","indexId":"cir1441","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"title":"Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T11:25:51","indexId":"ofr20171131","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-30T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1131","title":"Public supply and domestic water use in the United States, 2015","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Use Science Project (NWUSP), part of the USGS Water Availability and Use Science Program (WAUSP), has estimated water use in the United States every 5 years since 1950. This report provides an overview of total population, public-supply use, including the population that is served by public-supply systems and the domestic deliveries to those users, and self-supplied domestic water use in the United States for 2015, continuing the task of estimating water use in the United States every 5 years. In this report, estimates for the United States include the 50 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands (hereafter referred to as “states” for brevity).</p><p>County-level data for total population, public-supply withdrawals and the population served by public-supply systems, and domestic withdrawals for 2015 were published in a data release in an effort to provide data to the public in a timely manner. Data in the current version (1.0) of Dieter and others (2017) contains county-level total withdrawals from groundwater and surface-water sources (both fresh and saline) for public-water supply, the deliveries from those suppliers to domestic users, and the quantities of water from groundwater and surface-water sources for self-supplied domestic users, and total population. Methods used to estimate the various data elements for the public-supply and domestic use categories at the county level are described by Bradley (2017).</p><p>This Open-File Report is an interim report summarizing the data published in Dieter and others (2017) at the state and national level. This report includes discussions on the total population, totals for public-supply withdrawals and population served, total domestic withdrawals, and provides comparisons of the 2015 estimates to 2010 estimates (Maupin and others, 2014). Total domestic water use, as described in this report, represents the summation of deliveries from public-water supply to domestic users plus self-supplied domestic withdrawals.</p><p>Values for 2010 are the best available data for 2010 from the USGS Aggregate Water-Use Data System (AWUDS). The 2010 values presented in this report may have been revised from 2010 values published in Maupin and others (2014), and therefore values for 2010 in this report may not exactly match values in Maupin and others (2014).</p><p>Withdrawal and population values in this report are rounded to three significant figures. All values are rounded independently, so the sums of individually rounded numbers may not equal the totals. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data and is expressed as an integer. Differences between 2010 and 2015 values are calculated on unrounded data, then the differences are rounded.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171131","usgsCitation":"Dieter, C.A., and Maupin, M.A., 2017, Public supply and domestic water use in the United States, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report <br>2017–1131, \n6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171131.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-090867","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346938,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1131/ofr20171131.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1131"},{"id":346978,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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States\"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"dc_md@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"dc_md@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"http://md.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://md.water.usgs.gov/\">MD-DE-DC Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 5522 Research Park Drive <br> Baltimore, MD 21228</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Total Population</li><li>Public-Supply Use and Population Served</li><li>Public-Supply Deliveries to Domestic Users</li><li>Self-Supplied Domestic Use</li><li>Total Domestic Use</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-10-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a28e4b063d5d3098069","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieter, Cheryl A. 0000-0002-5786-4091 cadieter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5786-4091","contributorId":2058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"Cheryl","email":"cadieter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maupin, Molly A. 0000-0002-2695-5505 mamaupin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-5505","contributorId":951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"Molly","email":"mamaupin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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Developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the primary purpose of StreamStats is to provide estimates of streamflow statistics for user-selected ungaged sites on streams and for USGS streamgages, which are locations where streamflow data are collected.</p><p>Streamflow statistics, such as the 1-percent flood, the mean flow, and the 7-day 10-year low flow, are used by engineers, land managers, biologists, and many others to help guide decisions in their everyday work. For example, estimates of the 1-percent flood (which is exceeded, on average, once in 100 years and has a 1-percent chance of exceedance in any year) are used to create flood-plain maps that form the basis for setting insurance rates and land-use zoning. This and other streamflow statistics also are used for dam, bridge, and culvert design; water-supply planning and management; permitting of water withdrawals and wastewater and industrial discharges; hydropower facility design and regulation; and setting of minimum allowed streamflows to protect freshwater ecosystems. Streamflow statistics can be computed from available data at USGS streamgages depending on the type of data collected at the stations. Most often, however, streamflow statistics are needed at ungaged sites, where no streamflow data are available to determine the statistics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173046","usgsCitation":"Ries, K.G., III, Newson J.K., Smith, M.J., Guthrie, J.D., Steeves, P.A., Haluska, T.L., Kolb, K.R., Thompson, R.F., Santoro, R.D., and Vraga, H.W., 2017, StreamStats, version 4: U.S. Geological Survey Fact 2017–3046, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173046. [Supersedes USGS Fact Sheet <br>2008–3067.]","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-085220","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3046/fs20173046.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.22","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3046"},{"id":347352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3046/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:pmccarth@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:pmccarth@usgs.gov\">StreamStats Coordinator</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 3162 Bozeman Avenue<br> Helena, MT 59601<br> <a href=\"https://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/\" data-mce-href=\"https://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/\">https://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Functionality</li><li>Web Site</li><li>StreamStats User Interface</li><li>Information for Streamgages</li><li>Streamflow Statistics for Ungaged Sites</li><li>Limitations for Ungaged Site Estimates</li><li>Web Services and Batch Tool</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-10-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a29e4b063d5d309806e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ries, Kernell G. III 0000-0003-1690-5499 kries@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-5499","contributorId":192960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ries","given":"Kernell G.","suffix":"III","email":"kries@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newson, Jeremy K. jknewson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newson","given":"Jeremy","email":"jknewson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Martyn J. 0000-0002-1107-9653 marsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9653","contributorId":4474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Martyn","email":"marsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guthrie, John D. 0000-0002-8409-3325 jdguthrie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8409-3325","contributorId":138752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guthrie","given":"John D.","email":"jdguthrie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Steeves, Peter A. 0000-0001-7558-9719 psteeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-9719","contributorId":1873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Peter","email":"psteeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haluska, Tana 0000-0001-6307-4769 thaluska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-4769","contributorId":1708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haluska","given":"Tana","email":"thaluska@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kolb, Katharine 0000-0002-1663-1662 kkolb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1663-1662","contributorId":5537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolb","given":"Katharine","email":"kkolb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thompson, Ryan F. 0000-0002-4544-6108 rcthomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-6108","contributorId":2702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ryan","email":"rcthomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Santoro, Richard D. 0000-0002-7003-2433 rsantoro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7003-2433","contributorId":192962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santoro","given":"Richard","email":"rsantoro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vraga, Hans W. 0000-0003-0073-7507 hvraga@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-7507","contributorId":192961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vraga","given":"Hans","email":"hvraga@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70221556,"text":"70221556 - 2017 - What determines water temperature dynamics in the San Francisco Bay-Delta system?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-22T11:48:07.901218","indexId":"70221556","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-30T06:43:32","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What determines water temperature dynamics in the San Francisco Bay-Delta system?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water temperature is an important factor determining estuarine species habitat conditions. Water temperature is mainly governed by advection (e.g., from rivers) and atmospheric exchange processes varying strongly over time (day-night, seasonally) and the spatial domain. On a long time scale, climate change will impact water temperature in estuarine systems due to changes in river flow regimes, air temperature, and sea level rise. To determine which factors govern estuarine water temperature and its sensitivity to changes in its forcing, we developed a process-based numerical model (Delft3D Flexible Mesh) and applied it to a well-monitored estuarine system (the San Francisco Estuary) for validation. The process-based approach allows for detailed process description and a physics-based analysis of governing processes. The model was calibrated for water year 2011 and incorporated 3-D hydrodynamics, salinity intrusion, water temperature dynamics, and atmospheric coupling. Results show significant skill in reproducing temperature observations on daily, seasonal, and yearly time scales. In North San Francisco Bay, thermal stratification is present, enhanced by salinity stratification. The temperature of the upstream, fresh water Delta area is captured well in 2-D mode, although locally—on a small scale—vertical processes (e.g., stratification) may be important. The impact of upstream river temperature and discharge and atmospheric forcing on water temperatures differs throughout the Delta, possibly depending on dispersion and residence times. Our modeling effort provides a sound basis for future modeling studies including climate change impact on water temperature and associated ecological modeling, e.g., clam and fish habitat and phytoplankton dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016WR020062","usgsCitation":"Vroom, J., Van der Wegen, M., Martyr-Koller, R.C., and Lucas, L., 2017, What determines water temperature dynamics in the San Francisco Bay-Delta system?: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 11, p. 9901-9921, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR020062.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"9901","endPage":"9921","ipdsId":"IP-081741","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016wr020062","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67907714843751,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67907714843751,\n              38.302869955150044\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              38.302869955150044\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroom, Julia 0000-0001-5354-8780","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5354-8780","contributorId":260502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vroom","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36257,"text":"Deltares","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martyr-Koller, Rosanne C. 0000-0002-0506-667X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0506-667X","contributorId":260505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martyr-Koller","given":"Rosanne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucas, Lisa 0000-0001-7797-5517 llucas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7797-5517","contributorId":260498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Lisa","email":"llucas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70190185,"text":"cir1434 - 2017 - Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center—Celebrating 50 years of science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T11:40:13","indexId":"cir1434","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1434","title":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center—Celebrating 50 years of science","docAbstract":"<p>The Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center (NPWRC) celebrated its 50-year anniversary in 2015. This report is written in support of that observance. We document why and how the NPWRC came to be and describe some of its many accomplishments and the influence the Center’s research program has had on natural resource management. The history is organized by major research themes, proceeds somewhat chronologically within each theme, and covers the Center’s first 50 years of research. During that period, Center scientists authored more than 1,700 publications and reports. More than 1,000 seasonal or temporary field personnel, and more than 100 graduate students, contributed to the Center’s success; many went on to have exemplary careers in natural resource management, conservation, and education. The mission of the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center today remains true to the original vision: to provide the knowledge needed&nbsp;to understand, conserve, and manage the Nation’s natural resources for current and future generations, with an emphasis on species and ecosystems of the northern Great Plains. The Center’s first 50 years of applied biological research provides a deep scientific foundation on which to address emerging issues for the natural resources in the northern Great Plains and beyond.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1434","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., Shaffer, T.L., Igl, L.D., Johnson, D.H., Krapu, G.L., Larson, D.L., Mech, L.D., Mushet, D.M., and Sovada, M.A., 2017, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center—Celebrating 50 years of science: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1434, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1434.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 29 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075752","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1434/cir1434.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1434"},{"id":347217,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QZ28ZD","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Research Center publications and reports––1960–2015"},{"id":347197,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1434/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/\">Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>8711 37th Street Southeast <br>Jamestown, North Dakota 58401&nbsp;</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments<br></li><li>Abstract<br></li><li>Introduction<br></li><li>Foundation and Background of the Center<br></li><li>Waterfowl<br></li><li>Other Birds<br></li><li>Imperiled Species<br></li><li>Large Mammals<br></li><li>Wetlands<br></li><li>Invasive Species and Restoration Ecology<br></li><li>Landscape Ecology<br></li><li>Research Techniques and Information Transfer<br></li><li>Looking to the Future<br></li><li>References<br></li></ul><p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-10-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a30e4b063d5d30980ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Jane E. jaustin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266 ligl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":2381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","email":"ligl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L. 0000-0001-8482-6130 gkrapu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-6130","contributorId":3074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary","email":"gkrapu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sovada, Marsha A. msovada@usgs.gov","contributorId":2601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"Marsha","email":"msovada@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":707865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70192766,"text":"70192766 - 2017 - Examining the value of global seasonal reference evapotranspiration forecasts to support FEWS NET’s food insecurity outlooks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:09:57","indexId":"70192766","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5202,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","onlineIssn":"1558-8432","printIssn":"1558-8424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining the value of global seasonal reference evapotranspiration forecasts to support FEWS NET’s food insecurity outlooks","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) team provides food insecurity outlooks for several developing countries in Africa, Central Asia, and Central America. This study describes development of a new global reference evapotranspiration (ETo) seasonal reforecast and skill evaluation with a particular emphasis on the potential use of this dataset by the FEWS NET to support food insecurity early warning. The ETo reforecasts span the 1982-2009 period and are calculated following ASCE’s formulation of Penman-Monteith method driven by seasonal climate forecasts of monthly mean temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation from NCEP’s CFSv2 and NASA’s GEOS-5 models. The skill evaluation using deterministic and probabilistic scores, focuses on the December-February (DJF), March-May (MAM), June-August (JJA) and September-November (SON) seasons. The results indicate that ETo forecasts are a promising tool for early warning of drought and food insecurity. Globally, the regions where forecasts are most skillful (correlation &gt;0.35 at lead-2) include Western U.S., northern parts of South America, parts of Sahel region and Southern Africa. The FEWS NET regions where forecasts are most skillful (correlation &gt;0.35 at lead-3) include Northern Sub-Saharan Africa (DJF, dry season), Central America (DJF, dry season), parts of East Africa (JJA, wet Season), Southern Africa (JJA, dry season), and Central Asia (MAM, wet season). A case study over parts of East Africa for the JJA season shows that ETo forecasts in combination with the precipitation forecasts could have provided early warning of recent severe drought events (e.g., 2002, 2004, 2009) that contributed to substantial food insecurity in the region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/jamc-d-17-0104.1","usgsCitation":"Shukla, S., McEvoy, D., Hobbins, M., Husak, G., Huntington, J., Funk, C., Macharia, D., and Verdin, J.P., 2017, Examining the value of global seasonal reference evapotranspiration forecasts to support FEWS NET’s food insecurity outlooks: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 56, p. 2941-2949, https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0104.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2941","endPage":"2949","ipdsId":"IP-090049","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0104.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347733,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a2ee4b063d5d3098096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEvoy, Daniel 0000-0003-3800-718X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-718X","contributorId":198696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEvoy","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hobbins, Michael","contributorId":127605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hobbins","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7075,"text":"National Integrated Drought Information System, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Husak, Gregory","contributorId":145811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Husak","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huntington, Justin 0000-0002-2699-0108","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-0108","contributorId":178785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntington","given":"Justin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Macharia, Denis","contributorId":195985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macharia","given":"Denis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
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