{"pageNumber":"909","pageRowStart":"22700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":70228293,"text":"70228293 - 2018 - Dietary bioprocessed soybean meal does not affect the growth of exercised juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T17:00:03.049296","indexId":"70228293","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T10:59:27","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10102,"text":"Journal of Animal Research and Nutrition","onlineIssn":"2572-5459","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Dietary bioprocessed soybean meal does not affect the growth of exercised juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)","title":"Dietary bioprocessed soybean meal does not affect the growth of exercised juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Context</strong>: This 88-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) fed one of three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.3 or 18.7 cm s<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p><strong>Objective</strong>: Evaluate the effects of diet and exercise during rainbow trout rearing.</p><p><strong>Design</strong>: Fishmeal was the primary protein source for one diet, with bioprocessed soybean meal (BSM) replacing either 60 or 85% of the fishmeal in the other two diets.</p><p><strong>Setting</strong>: This study was performed at Cleghorn Springs State Fish Hatchery in Rapid City, South Dakota, USA.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: At the end of the experiment there were no significant differences among the dietary treatments in gain, percent gain, specific growth rate (SGR), or percent mortality. However, fish fed the fishmeal-based diet ate significantly more, experienced a significantly higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), and had a significantly higher hepatosomatic index than the fish fed the 85% BSM diet. Intestinal histology was not affected by the inclusion of BSM. Fish reared at 2.3 cm/s<sup>-1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>had significantly lower FCRs, gain, percent gain, and SGR than the fish reared at 18.7 cm/ s<sup>-1</sup>. There was a significant interaction in food consumed between diet and velocity, but no other significant interactions between the dietary and exercise treatments were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Based on these results, BSM can replace at least 85% of the fishmeal in juvenile rainbow trout, even if the fish are exercised.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"iMedPub","doi":"10.21767/2572-5459.100050","usgsCitation":"Voorhees, J.M., Barnes, M., Chipps, S.R., and Browne, M., 2018, Dietary bioprocessed soybean meal does not affect the growth of exercised juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Journal of Animal Research and Nutrition, v. 3, no. 2, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5459.100050.","productDescription":"6, 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-097690","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5459.100050","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","city":"Rapid City","otherGeospatial":"Cleghorn Springs State Fish Hatchery","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.304443359375,\n              44.05554907062273\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.28588247299194,\n              44.05554907062273\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.28588247299194,\n              44.06245723037078\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.304443359375,\n              44.06245723037078\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.304443359375,\n              44.05554907062273\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voorhees, Jill M.","contributorId":275085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voorhees","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Michael","contributorId":275086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Browne, Michael","contributorId":178752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Browne","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70202569,"text":"70202569 - 2018 - Correlation of the Eagle Ford Group, Woodbine Group, and equivalent Cenomanian-Turonian Mudstones using regional wireline-log cross sections across the Texas Gulf Coast, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-12T10:48:40","indexId":"70202569","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T10:48:32","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of the Eagle Ford Group, Woodbine Group, and equivalent Cenomanian-Turonian Mudstones using regional wireline-log cross sections across the Texas Gulf Coast, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p class=\"indent\">As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 2018 hydrocarbon assessment of the Eagle Ford Group and associated Cenomanian-Turonian strata, a series of regional wireline-log cross sections were constructed to examine geologic characteristics of this stratigraphic interval across the Texas Gulf Coast from Mexico to Louisiana. The cross sections were used to help define six continuous assessment units based, in part, on stratigraphic thickness, lateral extent, and lithology. The locations of the strike and dip cross sections were selected to address questions pertinent to the hydrocarbon assessment.</p><p class=\"indent\">Stratigraphic correlation of the Eagle Ford Group and corresponding Cenomanian-Turonian mudstones has been debated for many years, and differences in interpretations remain. Formation tops published in the literature, from IHS Markit<sup>TM</sup>, as well as information from a commercial biostratigraphic database were used to define consistent criteria to construct these cross sections from interpreted wireline logs. Specific units of interest include the Austin Chalk, upper and lower Eagle Ford Group, mudstones of the Woodbine Group, and the Buda Limestone.</p><p class=\"indent\">Wireline gamma-ray (GR) logs through the Eagle Ford Group have values greater than 100 American Petroleum Institute (API) units in several areas of this study, including the Maverick Basin, the Karnes Trough, and the Brazos Basin. High GR values in mudstones may be interpreted to represent potential organic-rich intervals. These high GR zones provide a criterion to identify the lateral variability in potential Cenomanian-Turonian source rock intervals from South Texas to the Texas-Louisiana border.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"AAPG Datapages","usgsCitation":"Gianoutsos, N.J., Whidden, K.J., Dubiel, R.F., and Rouse, W.A., 2018, Correlation of the Eagle Ford Group, Woodbine Group, and equivalent Cenomanian-Turonian Mudstones using regional wireline-log cross sections across the Texas Gulf Coast, U.S.A.: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 68, p. 219-228.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"228","ipdsId":"IP-098051","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361943,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/068/068001/219_gcags680219.htm"},{"id":362004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gianoutsos, Nicholas J. 0000-0002-6510-6549 ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6549","contributorId":3607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianoutsos","given":"Nicholas","email":"ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whidden, Katherine J. 0000-0002-7841-2553 kwhidden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-2553","contributorId":3960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whidden","given":"Katherine","email":"kwhidden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rouse, William A. 0000-0002-0790-370X wrouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-370X","contributorId":4172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rouse","given":"William","email":"wrouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70202542,"text":"70202542 - 2018 - Preface: The wetland book, I: Structure and function, management, and methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T13:32:25","indexId":"70202542","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T10:42:42","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Preface: The Wetland Book, I: Structure and Function, Management, and Methods","title":"Preface: The wetland book, I: Structure and function, management, and methods","docAbstract":"<p><i>The Wetland Book</i> is a hard copy and online production that provides an unparalleled collation of information on wetlands. It is global in scope and contains 462 chapters prepared by leading wetland researchers and managers. The wide disciplinary and geographic scope is a unique feature and differentiates The Wetland Book from the existing wetland literature. The editors have compiled The Wetland Book from contributions supplied by authors from many countries and disciplines. Combined, these chapters represent a global source of knowledge about wetlands. Given the number of chapters and the scope of the content, it has been published as two separate books.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The wetland book, I: Structure, function, management, and methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3","usgsCitation":"Finlayson, C.M., Everard, M., Irvine, K., McInnes, R.J., Middleton, B.A., Van Dam, A., and Davidson, N.C., 2018, Preface: The wetland book, I: Structure and function, management, and methods, chap. <i>of</i> The wetland book, I: Structure, function, management, and methods, v. 1, p. vii-x, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"vii","endPage":"x","ipdsId":"IP-083463","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-wetland-book-i-structure-and-function-management-and-methods","text":"External Repository"},{"id":361872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finlayson, C. Max","contributorId":214053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finlayson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Max","affiliations":[{"id":38968,"text":"Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Everard, Mark","contributorId":194901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Everard","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Irvine, Kenneth","contributorId":194902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McInnes, Robert J.","contributorId":194900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McInnes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Dam, Anne A.","contributorId":68175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Dam","given":"Anne A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davidson, Nick C.","contributorId":80553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70205241,"text":"70205241 - 2018 - Hydraulic fracturing (fracking)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-01T15:26:56.738733","indexId":"70205241","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T10:26:37","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hydraulic fracturing (fracking)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Access Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"McGraw Hill","doi":"10.1036/1097-8542.326700","usgsCitation":"Gallegos, T.J., 2018, Hydraulic fracturing (fracking), chap. <i>of</i> Access Science, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.326700.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-093196","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70228715,"text":"70228715 - 2018 - Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations — Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-13T15:26:39.880503","indexId":"70228715","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T09:47:20","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations — Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team 2017","docAbstract":"<p>This Annual Report summarizes results of grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) monitoring and research conducted in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) during 2017. This report also contains a summary of grizzly bear management actions to address conflict situations. Annual reports of the IGBST summarize annual data collection. Because additional information may be obtained after publication, data summaries are subject to change. Data, analyses, and summaries presented in this report supersede previously published data and analyses and interpretations may be subject to change contingent on future manuscript publication and the peer review process. The research described in this report complied with current laws of the United States of America, was conducted in accordance with animal care and use guidelines, and was approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of the respective member agencies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team","usgsCitation":"2018, Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations — Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team 2017: Annual Report, 140 p.","productDescription":"140 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130272","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6266a697d34e76103cce5808?f=__disk__e0%2F09%2Fec%2Fe009ec2027f6b3e73d7fee24a3c94be9e87f4fc0","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.68701171875,\n              42.85985981506279\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.27001953125,\n              42.85985981506279\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.27001953125,\n              45.583289756006316\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.68701171875,\n              45.583289756006316\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.68701171875,\n              42.85985981506279\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835183,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835184,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karabensh, Bryn 0000-0002-2052-5256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-5256","contributorId":219113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karabensh","given":"Bryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835185,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198749,"text":"70198749 - 2018 - Quantifying uncertainty and tradeoffs in resilience assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-24T12:20:22","indexId":"70198749","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T09:32:03","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying uncertainty and tradeoffs in resilience assessments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Several frameworks have been developed to assess the resilience of social-ecological systems, but most require substantial data inputs, time, and technical expertise. Stakeholders and practitioners often lack the resources for such intensive efforts. Furthermore, most end with problem framing and fail to explicitly address trade-offs and uncertainty. To remedy this gap, we developed a rapid survey assessment that compares the relative resilience of social-ecological systems with respect to a number of resilience properties. This approach generates large amounts of information relative to stakeholder inputs. We targeted four stakeholder categories: government (policy, regulation, management), end users (farmers, ranchers, landowners, industry), agency/public science (research, university, extension), and NGOs (environmental, citizen, social justice) in four North American watersheds, to assess social-ecological resilience through surveys. Conceptually, social-ecological systems are comprised of components ranging from strictly human to strictly ecological, but that relate directly or indirectly to one another. They have soft boundaries and several important dimensions or axes that together describe the nature of social-ecological interactions, e.g., variability, diversity, modularity, slow variables, feedbacks, capital, innovation, redundancy, and ecosystem services. There is no absolute measure of resilience, so our design takes advantage of cross-watershed comparisons and therefore focuses on relative resilience. Our approach quantifies and compares the relative resilience across watershed systems and potential trade-offs among different aspects of the social-ecological system, e.g., between social, economic, and ecological contributions. This approach permits explicit assessment of several types of uncertainty (e.g., self-assigned uncertainty for stakeholders; uncertainty across respondents, watersheds, and subsystems), and subjectivity in perceptions of resilience among key actors and decision makers and provides an efficient way to develop the mental models that inform our stakeholders and stakeholder categories.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecology and Society","doi":"10.5751/ES-09920-230103","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.R., Birge, H.E., Angeler, D.G., Arnold, C.A., Chaffin, B.C., DeCaro, D.A., Garmestani, A.S., and Gunderson, L., 2018, Quantifying uncertainty and tradeoffs in resilience assessments: Ecology and Society, v. 1, no. 3, Article 3; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09920-230103.","productDescription":"Article 3; 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-089079","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-09920-230103","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a317e4b0702d0e84302a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birge, Hannah E.","contributorId":166737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birge","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":205240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Angeler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37065,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arnold, Craig Anthony","contributorId":189230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chaffin, Brian C.","contributorId":189131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaffin","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeCaro, Daniel A.","contributorId":198374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeCaro","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gunderson, Lance","contributorId":30797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunderson","given":"Lance","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70250484,"text":"70250484 - 2018 - Data quality from a community-based, water-quality monitoring project in the Yukon River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T12:51:43.374094","indexId":"70250484","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T06:43:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17109,"text":"Citizen Science: Theory and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data quality from a community-based, water-quality monitoring project in the Yukon River basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper examines the quality of data collected by the Indigenous Observation Network, a community-based water-quality project in the Yukon River Basin of Alaska and Canada. The Indigenous Observation Network relies on community technicians to collect surface-water samples from as many as fifty locations to achieve their goals of monitoring the quality of the Yukon River and major tributaries in the basin and maintaining a long-term record of baseline data against which future changes can be measured. This paper addresses concerns about the accuracy, precision, and reliability of data collected by non-professionals. The Indigenous Observation Network data are examined in the context of a standard data life cycle: plan, collect, assure, and describe; as compared to professional scientific activities. Field and laboratory protocols and procedures of the Indigenous Observation Network are compared to those utilized by professional scientists. The data of the Indigenous Observation Network are statistically compared to those collected by professional scientists through a retrospective analysis of a set of water-quality parameters reported by all three projects over a number of years. No statistical differences were found among the three projects for pH, Calcium, Magnesium, or Alkalinity, although statistically significant differences were found for Sodium, Chloride, Sulfate, and Potassium concentrations. The statistical differences found were small and likely not significant in terms of interpreting the data for a variety of uses. Our results suggest that Indigenous Observation Network data are of high quality, and with consistent protocols and participant training, community based monitoring projects can collect data that are accurate, precise, and reliable.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Citizen Science Association","doi":"10.5334/cstp.123","usgsCitation":"Herman-Mercer, N.M., Antweiler, R.C., Wilson, N.J., Mutter, E., Toohey, R.C., and Schuster, P.F., 2018, Data quality from a community-based, water-quality monitoring project in the Yukon River basin: Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, v. 3, no. 2, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.123.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-088123","costCenters":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.123","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -133.38911936519082,\n              58.884699983594345\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.80584712800214,\n              59.244500831247194\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.0559184925799,\n              61.39245886503679\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.37691440466298,\n              63.19862022039152\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.90057689608258,\n              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Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":890104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mutter, Edda A.","contributorId":238034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mutter","given":"Edda A.","affiliations":[{"id":47690,"text":"˚Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council, Anchorage, Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":890105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toohey, Ryan C. 0000-0001-8248-5045 rtoohey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8248-5045","contributorId":5674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toohey","given":"Ryan","email":"rtoohey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70196522,"text":"70196522 - 2018 - Diel predator activity drives a dynamic landscape of fear","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:00:50","indexId":"70196522","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel predator activity drives a dynamic landscape of fear","docAbstract":"<p><span>A “landscape of fear” (LOF) is a map that describes continuous spatial variation in an animal's perception of predation risk. The relief on this map reflects, for example, places that an animal avoids to minimize risk. Although the LOF concept is a potentially unifying theme in ecology that is often invoked to explain the ecological and conservation significance of fear, little is known about the daily dynamics of an LOF. Despite theory and data to the contrary, investigators often assume, implicitly or explicitly, that an LOF is a static consequence of a predator's mere presence within an ecosystem. We tested the prediction that an LOF in a large‐scale, free‐living system is a highly dynamic map with “peaks” and “valleys” that alternate across the diel (24‐h) cycle in response to daily lulls in predator activity. We did so with extensive data from the case study of Yellowstone elk (</span><i>Cervus elaphus</i><span>) and wolves (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>) that was the original basis for the LOF concept. We quantified the elk LOF, defined here as spatial allocation of time away from risky places and times, across nearly 1,000‐km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of northern Yellowstone National Park and found that it fluctuated with the crepuscular activity pattern of wolves, enabling elk to use risky places during wolf downtimes. This may help explain evidence that wolf predation risk has no effect on elk stress levels, body condition, pregnancy, or herbivory. The ability of free‐living animals to adaptively allocate habitat use across periods of high and low predator activity within the diel cycle is an underappreciated aspect of animal behavior that helps explain why strong antipredator responses may trigger weak ecological effects, and why an LOF may have less conceptual and practical importance than direct killing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecm.1313","usgsCitation":"Kohl, M.T., Stahler, D.R., Metz, M.C., Forester, J.D., Kauffman, M., Varley, N., White, P., Smith, D.W., and MacNulty, D.R., 2018, Diel predator activity drives a dynamic landscape of fear: Ecological Monographs, v. 88, no. 4, p. 638-652, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1313.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"638","endPage":"652","ipdsId":"IP-065975","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1313","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee788e4b0da30c1bfc2c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohl, Michel T.","contributorId":204214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohl","given":"Michel","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stahler, Daniel R.","contributorId":179180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stahler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Metz, Matthew C.","contributorId":172854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Metz","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27103,"text":"Yellowston Wolf Project","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forester, James D.","contributorId":194334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forester","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":189179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":733387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Varley, Nathan","contributorId":204215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varley","given":"Nathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":91436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"MacNulty, Daniel R.","contributorId":64069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70195967,"text":"70195967 - 2018 - Type and amount of organic amendments affect enhanced biogenic methane production from coal and microbial community structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T15:27:28","indexId":"70195967","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Type and amount of organic amendments affect enhanced biogenic methane production from coal and microbial community structure","docAbstract":"<p><span>Slow rates of coal-to-methane conversion limit biogenic methane production from coalbeds. This study demonstrates that rates of coal-to-methane conversion can be increased by the addition of small amounts of organic amendments. Algae, cyanobacteria, yeast cells, and granulated yeast extract were tested at two concentrations (0.1 and 0.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g/L), and similar increases in total methane produced and methane production rates were observed for all amendments at a given concentration. In 0.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g/L amended systems, the amount of carbon converted to methane minus the amount produced in coal only systems exceeded the amount of carbon added in the form of amendment, suggesting enhanced coal-to-methane conversion through amendment addition. The amount of methane produced in the 0.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g/L amended systems did not exceed the amount of carbon added. While the archaeal communities did not vary significantly, the bacterial populations appeared to be strongly influenced by the presence of coal when 0.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g/L of amendment was added; at an amendment concentration of 0.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g/L the bacterial community composition appeared to be affected most strongly by the amendment type. Overall, the results suggest that small amounts of amendment are not only sufficient but possibly advantageous if faster<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>in situ</i><span>coal-to-methane production is to be promoted.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.074","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.J., Lu, S., Barnhart, E.P., Parker, A., Fields, M.W., and Gerlach, R., 2018, Type and amount of organic amendments affect enhanced biogenic methane production from coal and microbial community structure: Fuel, v. 211, p. 600-608, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.074.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"600","endPage":"608","ipdsId":"IP-088405","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1549227","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"211","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee753e4b0da30c1bfc257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Katherine J.","contributorId":203246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Shipeng","contributorId":203234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Shipeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Albert E.","contributorId":203235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Albert E.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fields, Matthew W.","contributorId":172391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gerlach, Robin","contributorId":203247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerlach","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70196877,"text":"70196877 - 2018 - Behavior and reproductive ecology of the Sicklefin Redhorse: An imperiled southern Appalachian Mountain fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-08T13:15:45","indexId":"70196877","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavior and reproductive ecology of the Sicklefin Redhorse: An imperiled southern Appalachian Mountain fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many nongame fishes are poorly understood but are essential to maintaining healthy aquatic ecosystems globally. The undescribed Sicklefin Redhorse&nbsp;</span><i>Moxostoma</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>sp. is a rare, imperiled, nongame fish endemic to two southern Appalachian Mountain river basins. Little is known of its behavior and ecology, but this information is urgently needed for conservation planning. We assessed the spatial and temporal bounds of spawning migration, quantified seasonal weekly movement patterns, and characterized seasonal and spawning behavior using radiotelemetry and weir sampling in the Hiwassee River basin, North Carolina–Georgia, during 2006 and 2007. Hiwassee River tributaries were occupied predominantly during the fish's spawning season, lower reaches of the tributaries and the Hiwassee River were primarily occupied during the postspawning season (i.e., summer and fall), and lower lotic reaches of Hiwassee River (upstream from Hiwassee Lake) were occupied during winter. Adults occupied Hiwassee Lake only as a movement corridor during spawning migrations. Both sexes conducted upstream spawning migrations simultaneously, but males occupied spawning tributaries longer than females. Sicklefin Redhorse exhibited interannual spawning‐area and tributary fidelity. Cold water temperatures associated with hypolimnetic releases from reservoirs and meteorological conditions influenced spawning migration distance and timing. During 2007, decreased discharges during the spawning season were associated with decreases in migration distance and spawning tributary occupancy duration. Foraging was the dominant behavior observed annually, followed by reproductive behaviors (courting and spawning) during the spawning season. No agonistic reproductive behavior was observed, but females exhibited a repetitious postspawning digging behavior that may be unique in the family Catostomidae. Our findings suggest that protection and restoration of river continuity, natural flow regimes, seasonally appropriate water temperatures, and geographic range expansion are critical components to include in Sicklefin Redhorse conservation planning. Fisheries and ecosystem managers can use our findings to justify sensitive management decisions that conserve and restore critical streams and rivers occupied by this imperiled species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10010","usgsCitation":"Favrot, S.D., and Kwak, T.J., 2018, Behavior and reproductive ecology of the Sicklefin Redhorse: An imperiled southern Appalachian Mountain fish: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 1, p. 204-222, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10010.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"222","ipdsId":"IP-091271","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Hiwassee River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.22393798828125,\n              34.84254924386249\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.69316101074219,\n              34.84254924386249\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.69316101074219,\n              35.184471743812225\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.22393798828125,\n              35.184471743812225\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.22393798828125,\n              34.84254924386249\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee752e4b0da30c1bfc238","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Favrot, Scott D.","contributorId":171445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Favrot","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70195125,"text":"70195125 - 2018 - Rapid colonization of a Hawaiian restoration forest by a diverse avian community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T10:53:49","indexId":"70195125","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid colonization of a Hawaiian restoration forest by a diverse avian community","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deforestation of tropical forests has led to widespread loss and extirpation of forest bird species around the world, including the Hawaiian Islands which have experienced a dramatic loss of forests over the last 200–800 years. Given the important role birds play in forest ecosystem functions via seed dispersal and pollination, a bird community's response to forest restoration is an important measure of the success of such conservation actions. We evaluated the bird response to reforestation at an important bird sanctuary, Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawai′i Island, using 26 years of bird count data. We show that most species from within the diverse avian community increased significantly, but species colonized the restoration forest at different rates. Distance from intact forest and time since restoration were both important predictors of colonization rate, interacting such that for most species it took more time to colonize areas farther from the intact forest. In addition, both forest cover and understory diversity helped to explain bird densities, but the effect varied among species, suggesting that different habitat requirements may help drive variation in colonization rates. This article provides the first detailed evaluation of how a diverse community of birds has responded to one of the largest, ongoing reforestation projects in Hawai′i.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12540","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E., Yelenik, S.G., Borneman, T.E., Rose, E., Camp, R., and Kendall, S.J., 2018, Rapid colonization of a Hawaiian restoration forest by a diverse avian community: Restoration Ecology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 165-173, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12540.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-079984","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai′i","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","volume":"26","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e76e4b00f54eb2292fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":727061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yelenik, Stephanie G. 0000-0002-9011-0769 syelenik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-0769","contributorId":5251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelenik","given":"Stephanie","email":"syelenik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Borneman, Tracy E.","contributorId":145698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borneman","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":727063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, Eli 0000-0003-0958-9491 etrose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0958-9491","contributorId":194190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Eli","email":"etrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Camp, Richard J.","contributorId":194671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":727065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendall, Steve J. 0000-0002-9290-5629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-5629","contributorId":169663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70195136,"text":"70195136 - 2018 - Regional acidification trends in Florida shellfish estuaries: A 20+ year look at pH, oxygen, temperature, and salinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-04T16:17:14","indexId":"70195136","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional acidification trends in Florida shellfish estuaries: A 20+ year look at pH, oxygen, temperature, and salinity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Increasing global CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and local land use changes coupled with increased nutrient pollution are threatening estuaries worldwide. Local changes of estuarine chemistry have been documented, but regional associations and trends comparing multiple estuaries latitudinally have not been evaluated. Rapid climate change has impacted the annual and decadal chemical trends in estuaries, with local ecosystem processes enhancing or mitigating the responses. Here, we compare pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity data from 10 Florida shellfish estuaries and hundreds of shellfish bed stations. Over 80,000 measurements, spanning from 1980 to 2008, taken on Atlantic Ocean and West Florida coast showed significant regional trends of consistent pH decreases in 8 out of the 10 estuaries, with an average rate of decrease on the Gulf of Mexico side estuaries of Florida of 7.3 × 10</span><sup>−4</sup><span>&nbsp;pH units&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, and average decrease on the Atlantic Coast estuaries of 5.0 × 10</span><sup>−4</sup><span>&nbsp;pH units&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The rates are approximately 2–3.4 times slower than observed in pH decreases associated with ocean acidification in the Atlantic and Pacific.&nbsp;Other significant trends observed include decreasing dissolved oxygen in 9 out of the 10 estuaries, increasing salinity in 6 out of the 10, and temperature increases in 3 out of the 10 estuaries. The data provide a synoptic regional view of Florida estuary trends which reflect the complexity of changing climate and coastal ocean acidification superimposed on local conditions. These data provide context for understanding, and interpreting the past and predicting future of regional water quality health of shellfish and other organisms of commercial and ecological significance along Florida’s coasts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-017-0353-8","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., and Lisle, J.T., 2018, Regional acidification trends in Florida shellfish estuaries: A 20+ year look at pH, oxygen, temperature, and salinity: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 41, no. 5, p. 1268-1281, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0353-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1281","ipdsId":"IP-087185","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0353-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e76e4b00f54eb2292f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196758,"text":"70196758 - 2018 - The role of driving factors in historical and projected carbon dynamics of upland ecosystems in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-22T16:23:22.833574","indexId":"70196758","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of driving factors in historical and projected carbon dynamics of upland ecosystems in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>It is important to understand how upland ecosystems of Alaska, which are estimated to occupy 84% of the state (i.e., 1,237,774&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>), are influencing and will influence state‐wide carbon (C) dynamics in the face of ongoing climate change. We coupled fire disturbance and biogeochemical models to assess the relative effects of changing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>), climate, logging and fire regimes on the historical and future C balance of upland ecosystems for the four main Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) of Alaska. At the end of the historical period (1950–2009) of our analysis, we estimate that upland ecosystems of Alaska store ~50 Pg C (with ~90% of the C in soils), and gained 3.26 Tg C/yr. Three of the LCCs had gains in total ecosystem C storage, while the Northwest Boreal LCC lost C (−6.01&nbsp;Tg C/yr) because of increases in fire activity. Carbon exports from logging affected only the North Pacific LCC and represented less than 1% of the state's net primary production (NPP). The analysis for the future time period (2010–2099) consisted of six simulations driven by climate outputs from two climate models for three emission scenarios. Across the climate scenarios, total ecosystem C storage increased between 19.5 and 66.3 Tg C/yr, which represents 3.4% to 11.7% increase in Alaska upland's storage. We conducted additional simulations to attribute these responses to environmental changes. This analysis showed that atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>fertilization was the main driver of ecosystem C balance. By comparing future simulations with constant and with increasing atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, we estimated that the sensitivity of NPP was 4.8% per 100 ppmv, but NPP becomes less sensitive to CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>increase throughout the 21st century. Overall, our analyses suggest that the decreasing CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>sensitivity of NPP and the increasing sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration to air temperature, in addition to the increase in C loss from wildfires weakens the C sink from upland ecosystems of Alaska and will ultimately lead to a source of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to the atmosphere beyond 2100. Therefore, we conclude that&nbsp;the increasing regional C sink we estimate for the 21st century will most likely be transitional.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1641","usgsCitation":"Genet, H., He, Y., Lyu, Z., McGuire, A.D., Zhuang, Q., Clein, J.S., D'Amore, D., Bennett, A., Breen, A., Biles, F., Euskirchen, E., Johnson, K., Kurkowski, T., Schroder, S., Pastick, N.J., Rupp, T., Wylie, B.K., Zhang, Y., Zhou, X., and Zhu, Z., 2018, The role of driving factors in historical and projected carbon dynamics of upland ecosystems in Alaska: Ecological Applications, v. 28, no. 1, p. 5-27, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1641.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"27","ipdsId":"IP-086525","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) 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,{"id":70195089,"text":"70195089 - 2018 - Using colony monitoring devices to evaluate the impacts of land use and nutritional value of forage on honey bee health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T12:55:34","indexId":"70195089","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5622,"text":"Agriculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using colony monitoring devices to evaluate the impacts of land use and nutritional value of forage on honey bee health","docAbstract":"<p><span>Colony monitoring devices used to track and assess the health status of honey bees are becoming more widely available and used by both beekeepers and researchers. These devices monitor parameters relevant to colony health at frequent intervals, often approximating real time. The fine-scale record of hive condition can be further related to static or dynamic features of the landscape, such as weather, climate, colony density, land use, pesticide use, vegetation class, and forage quality. In this study, we fit commercial honey bee colonies in two apiaries with pollen traps and digital scales to monitor floral resource use, pollen quality, and honey production. One apiary was situated in low-intensity agriculture; the other in high-intensity agriculture. Pollen traps were open for 72 h every two weeks while scales recorded weight every 15 min throughout the growing season. From collected pollen, we determined forage quantity per day, species identity using DNA sequencing, pesticide residues, amino acid content, and total protein content. From scales, we determined the accumulated hive weight change over the growing season, relating to honey production and final colony weight going into winter. Hive scales may also be used to identify the occurrence of environmental pollen and nectar dearth, and track phenological changes in plant communities. We provide comparisons of device-derived data between two apiaries over the growing season and discuss the potential for employing apiary monitoring devices to infer colony health in the context of divergent agricultural land use conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/agriculture8010002","usgsCitation":"Smart, M., Otto, C., Cornman, R.S., and Iwanowicz, D.D., 2018, Using colony monitoring devices to evaluate the impacts of land use and nutritional value of forage on honey bee health: Agriculture, v. 81, no. 1, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8010002.","productDescription":"Article 2; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-091990","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8010002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72V2F4S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Using colony monitoring devices to evaluate the impacts of land use and forage quality on honey bee health datasets"},{"id":351351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ffee4b00f54eb2441b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smart, Matthew 0000-0003-0711-3035 msmart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-3035","contributorId":174424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smart","given":"Matthew","email":"msmart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otto, Clint 0000-0002-7582-3525 cotto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-3525","contributorId":5426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Clint","email":"cotto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D. 0000-0002-9613-8594 diwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8594","contributorId":2253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah","email":"diwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195091,"text":"70195091 - 2018 - Holy flux: Spatial and temporal variation in massive pulses of emerging insect biomass from western U.S. rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T14:41:20","indexId":"70195091","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holy flux: Spatial and temporal variation in massive pulses of emerging insect biomass from western U.S. rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>The river stonefly,&nbsp;</span><i>Pteronarcys californica</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(aka salmonfly), is an iconic insect in rivers of western North America due to its large size and its support of economically important species like wild trout (Nehring et&nbsp;al. 2011). Their emergence generates a large economic subsidy to local communities, as anglers from around the world travel to western rivers to fish the salmonfly “hatch” (e.g., Willoughby 2013). Salmonflies, which have a 4-yr lifespan in the central Rocky Mountains (Nehring et&nbsp;al. 2011), emerge<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>en masse</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>during 1 week in late spring (Sheldon 1999), and more than 20 terrestrial species, including humans, are known to eat adult salmonflies (Muttkowski 1925, Sutton 1985, Rockwell et&nbsp;al. 2009). How they influence populations of insectivores or the broader river-riparian ecosystem is unknown; this itself is an issue because salmonflies are disappearing from some rivers (Nehring et&nbsp;al. 2011).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.2023","usgsCitation":"Walters, D., Wesner, J.S., Zuellig, R.E., Kowalski, D.A., and Kondratieff, M.C., 2018, Holy flux: Spatial and temporal variation in massive pulses of emerging insect biomass from western U.S. rivers: Ecology, v. 99, no. 1, p. 238-240, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2023.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"240","ipdsId":"IP-073723","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ffee4b00f54eb2441ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-4237-2158 waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":147135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wesner, Jeff S.","contributorId":58202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesner","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kowalski, Dan A.","contributorId":201751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36246,"text":"CPW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kondratieff, Matt C.","contributorId":201752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kondratieff","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36246,"text":"CPW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70196688,"text":"70196688 - 2018 - The electric storm of November 1882","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T16:54:46","indexId":"70196688","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3456,"text":"Space Weather","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The electric storm of November 1882","docAbstract":"<p><span>In November 1882, an intense magnetic storm related to a large sunspot group caused widespread interference to telegraph and telephone systems and provided spectacular and unusual auroral displays. The (ring current) storm time disturbance index for this storm reached maximum −</span><i>Dst</i><span>&nbsp;≈&nbsp;386&nbsp;nT, comparable to Halloween storm of 29–31 October 2003, but from 17 to 20 November the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>aa</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>midlatitude geomagnetic disturbance index averaged 214.25&nbsp;nT, the highest 4&nbsp;day level of disturbance since the beginning of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>aa</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>index in 1868. This storm contributed to scientists' understanding of the reality of solar‐terrestrial interaction. Past occurrences of magnetic storms, like that of November 1882, can inform modern evaluations of the deleterious effects that a magnetic superstorm might have on technological systems of importance to society.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017SW001795","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., 2018, The electric storm of November 1882: Space Weather, v. 16, no. 1, p. 37-46, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001795.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"46","ipdsId":"IP-093138","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee752e4b0da30c1bfc23f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70196583,"text":"70196583 - 2018 - Insights into the emplacement of upper-crustal plutons and their relationship to large silicic calderas, from field relationships, geochronology, and zircon trace element geochemistry in the Stillwater – Clan Alpine caldera complex, western Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-19T09:38:42","indexId":"70196583","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights into the emplacement of upper-crustal plutons and their relationship to large silicic calderas, from field relationships, geochronology, and zircon trace element geochemistry in the Stillwater – Clan Alpine caldera complex, western Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geologic mapping, new U-Pb zircon ages, and new and published&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar sanidine ages document the timing and extent of Oligocene magmatism in the southern Stillwater Range and Clan Alpine Mountains of western Nevada, where Miocene extension has exposed at least six nested silicic calderas and underlying granitic plutons to crustal depths locally ≥</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>9</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km. Both caldera-forming rhyolitic tuffs and underlying plutons were emplaced in two episodes, one from about 30.4–28.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma that included the Deep Canyon, Job Canyon, and Campbell Creek calderas and underlying plutons, and one from about 25.3–24.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma that included the Louderback Mountains, Poco Canyon, and Elevenmile Canyon calderas and underlying plutons. In these two 1–2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m.y. periods, almost the entire Mesozoic upper crust was replaced by Oligocene intrusive and extrusive rocks to depths ≥</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>9</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km over an estimated total area of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1500</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(pre-extension). Zircon trace element geochemistry indicates that some plutonic rock can be solidified residual magma from the tuff eruptions. Most plutons are not solidified residual magma, although they directly underlie calderas and were emplaced along the same structures shortly after to as much as one million years after caldera formation. Magma chambers and plutons grew by floor subsidence accommodated by downward transfer of country rocks. If other Great Basin calderas are similar, the dense concentration of shallowly exposed calderas in central Nevada is underlain by a complexly zoned mid-Cenozoic batholith assembled in discrete pulses that coincided with formation of large silicic calderas up to 2500–5000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>3</sup><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.10.015","usgsCitation":"Colgan, J.P., John, D.A., Henry, C., and Watts, K., 2018, Insights into the emplacement of upper-crustal plutons and their relationship to large silicic calderas, from field relationships, geochronology, and zircon trace element geochemistry in the Stillwater – Clan Alpine caldera complex, western Nevada, USA: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 349, p. 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.10.015.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"176","ipdsId":"IP-070439","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.10.015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Stillwater – Clan Alpine caldera complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.33,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.70,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.70,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.33,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.33,\n              39.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"349","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee752e4b0da30c1bfc243","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":175501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[{"id":6689,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watts, Kathryn E. 0000-0002-6110-7499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6110-7499","contributorId":204344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kathryn E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195617,"text":"70195617 - 2018 - Quantifying postfire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth element tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T12:33:55","indexId":"70195617","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying postfire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth element tracers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Grasslands, which provide fundamental ecosystem services in many arid and semiarid regions of the world, are undergoing rapid increases in fire activity and are highly susceptible to postfire-accelerated soil erosion by wind. A quantitative assessment of physical processes that integrates fire-wind erosion feedbacks is therefore needed relative to vegetation change, soil biogeochemical cycling, air quality, and landscape evolution. We investigated the applicability of a novel tracer technique—the use of multiple rare earth elements (REE)—to quantify soil transport by wind and to identify sources and sinks of wind-blown sediments in both burned and unburned shrub-grass transition zone in the Chihuahuan Desert, NM, USA. Results indicate that the horizontal mass flux of wind-borne sediment increased approximately threefold following the fire. The REE tracer analysis of wind-borne sediments shows that the source of the horizontal mass flux in the unburned site was derived from bare microsites (88.5%), while in the burned site it was primarily sourced from shrub (42.3%) and bare (39.1%) microsites. Vegetated microsites which were predominantly sinks of aeolian sediments in the unburned areas became sediment sources following the fire. The burned areas showed a spatial homogenization of sediment tracers, highlighting a potential negative feedback on landscape heterogeneity induced by shrub encroachment into grasslands. Though fires are known to increase aeolian sediment transport, accompanying changes in the sources and sinks of wind-borne sediments may influence biogeochemical cycling and land degradation dynamics. Furthermore, our experiment demonstrated that REEs can be used as reliable tracers for field-scale aeolian studies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017JG004284","usgsCitation":"Dukes, D., Gonzales, H.B., Ravi, S., Grandstaff, D.E., Van Pelt, R.S., Li, J., Wang, G., and Sankey, J.B., 2018, Quantifying postfire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth element tracers: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 123, no. 1, p. 288-299, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004284.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"299","ipdsId":"IP-083961","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jg004284","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee754e4b0da30c1bfc25d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dukes, David","contributorId":202736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dukes","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzales, Howell B.","contributorId":202737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales","given":"Howell","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ravi, Sujith","contributorId":202738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravi","given":"Sujith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grandstaff, David E.","contributorId":202739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grandstaff","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Pelt, R. Scott","contributorId":195937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Pelt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Li, Junran","contributorId":202740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Junran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, Guan","contributorId":202741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Guan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70195385,"text":"70195385 - 2018 - Range position and climate sensitivity: The structure of among-population demographic responses to climatic variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-13T12:28:43","indexId":"70195385","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range position and climate sensitivity: The structure of among-population demographic responses to climatic variation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Species’ distributions will respond to climate change based on the relationship between local demographic processes and climate and how this relationship varies based on range position. A rarely tested demographic prediction is that populations at the extremes of a species’ climate envelope (e.g., populations in areas with the highest mean annual temperature) will be most sensitive to local shifts in climate (i.e., warming). We tested this prediction using a dynamic species distribution model linking demographic rates to variation in temperature and precipitation for wood frogs (</span><i>Lithobates sylvaticus</i><span>) in North America. Using long-term monitoring data from 746 populations in 27 study areas, we determined how climatic variation affected population growth rates and how these relationships varied with respect to long-term climate. Some models supported the predicted pattern, with negative effects of extreme summer temperatures in hotter areas and positive effects on recruitment for summer water availability in drier areas. We also found evidence of interacting temperature and precipitation influencing population size, such as extreme heat having less of a negative effect in wetter areas. Other results were contrary to predictions, such as positive effects of summer water availability in wetter parts of the range and positive responses to winter warming especially in milder areas. In general, we found wood frogs were more sensitive to changes in temperature or temperature interacting with precipitation than to changes in precipitation alone. Our results suggest that sensitivity to changes in climate cannot be predicted simply by knowing locations within the species’ climate envelope. Many climate processes did not affect population growth rates in the predicted direction based on range position. Processes such as species-interactions, local adaptation, and interactions with the physical landscape likely affect the responses we observed. Our work highlights the need to measure demographic responses to changing climate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.13817","usgsCitation":"Amburgey, S.M., Miller, D.A., Grant, E.H., Rittenhouse, T., Benard, M.F., Richardson, J.L., Urban, M.C., Hughson, W., Brand, A.B., Davis, C.J., Hardin, C.R., Paton, P.W., Raithel, C.J., Relyea, R.A., Scott, A.F., Skelly, D.K., Skidds, D., Smith, C.K., and Werner, E.E., 2018, Range position and climate sensitivity: The structure of among-population demographic responses to climatic variation: Global Change Biology, v. 24, no. 1, p. 439-454, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13817.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"454","ipdsId":"IP-069212","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/683","text":"External Repository"},{"id":351524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee754e4b0da30c1bfc261","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amburgey, Staci M.","contributorId":152622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amburgey","given":"Staci","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12754,"text":"Penn State University Altoona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, David A. W.","contributorId":126732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A. W.","affiliations":[{"id":5039,"text":"Department of Environment, Land, and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":201360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H. Campbell","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rittenhouse, Tracy A. G.","contributorId":169672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenhouse","given":"Tracy A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benard, Michael F.","contributorId":202395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benard","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":36409,"text":"Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richardson, Jonathan L.","contributorId":200560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Urban, Mark C.","contributorId":202396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urban","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36410,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hughson, Ward","contributorId":202397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughson","given":"Ward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36411,"text":"Parks Canada, Jasper, AB, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brand, Adrianne B. 0000-0003-2664-0041 abrand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-0041","contributorId":3352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Adrianne","email":"abrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davis, Christopher J.","contributorId":202398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36412,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hardin, Carmen R.","contributorId":202399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardin","given":"Carmen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36413,"text":"Forestry Division, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Paton, Peter W. C.","contributorId":146616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paton","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W. C.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Raithel, Christopher J.","contributorId":202400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raithel","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36414,"text":"Division of Fish and Wildlife, Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management, West Kingston, RI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Relyea, Rick A.","contributorId":202401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Relyea","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36415,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Scott, A. Floyd","contributorId":202402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Floyd","affiliations":[{"id":36416,"text":"Department of Biology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Skelly, David K.","contributorId":181900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skelly","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Skidds, Dennis E.","contributorId":202403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidds","given":"Dennis E.","affiliations":[{"id":36417,"text":"Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network, National Parks Service, Kingston, RI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Smith, Charles K.","contributorId":202404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36418,"text":"Department of Biology, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Werner, Earl E.","contributorId":202405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werner","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36419,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":728328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70196984,"text":"70196984 - 2018 - What to eat in a warming world: do increased temperatures necessitate hazardous duty pay?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-15T16:36:21","indexId":"70196984","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What to eat in a warming world: do increased temperatures necessitate hazardous duty pay?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Contemporary climate change affects nearly all biomes, causing shifts in animal distributions and resource availability. Changes in resource selection may allow individuals to offset climatic stress, thereby providing a mechanism for persistence amidst warming conditions. Whereas the role of predation risk in food choice has been studied broadly, the extent to which individuals respond to thermoregulatory risk by changing resource preferences is unclear. We addressed whether individuals compensated for temperature-related reductions in foraging time by altering forage preferences, using the American pika (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Ochotona princeps</i><span>) as a model species. We tested two hypotheses: (1) food-quality hypothesis—individuals exposed to temperature extremes should select higher-quality vegetation in return for accepting a physiologically riskier feeding situation; and (2) food-availability hypothesis—individuals exposed to temperature extremes should prioritize foraging quickly, thereby decreasing selection for higher-quality food. We quantified the composition and quality (% moisture, % nitrogen, and fiber content) of available and harvested vegetation, and deployed a network of temperature sensors to measure in situ conditions for 30 individuals, during July–Sept., 2015. Individuals exposed to more extreme daytime temperatures showed increased selection for high-nitrogen and for low-fiber vegetation, demonstrating strong support for the food-quality hypothesis. By contrast, pikas that experienced warmer conditions did not reduce selection for any of the three vegetation-quality metrics, as predicted by the food-availability hypothesis. By shifting resource-selection patterns, temperature-limited animals may be able to proximately buffer some of the negative effects associated with rapidly warming environments, provided that sufficient resources remain on the landscape.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-017-3993-2","usgsCitation":"Hall, L., and Chalfoun, A.D., 2018, What to eat in a warming world: do increased temperatures necessitate hazardous duty pay?: Oecologia, v. 186, no. 1, p. 73-84, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3993-2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"84","ipdsId":"IP-091142","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee752e4b0da30c1bfc236","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, L. Embere","contributorId":194654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"L. Embere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196292,"text":"70196292 - 2018 - Detecting geothermal anomalies and evaluating LST geothermal component by combining thermal remote sensing time series and land surface model data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-18T11:26:17","indexId":"70196292","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting geothermal anomalies and evaluating LST geothermal component by combining thermal remote sensing time series and land surface model data","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0105\">This paper explores for the first time the possibilities to use two land surface temperature (LST) time series of different origins (geostationary Meteosat Second Generation satellite data and Noah land surface modelling, LSM), to detect geothermal anomalies and extract the geothermal component of LST, the LST<sub>gt</sub>. We hypothesize that in geothermal areas the LSM time series will underestimate the LST as compared to the remote sensing data, since the former does not account for the geothermal component in its model.</p><p id=\"sp0110\">In order to extract LST<sub>gt</sub>, two approaches of different nature (physical based and data mining) were developed and tested in an area of about 560&nbsp;×&nbsp;560&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>centered at the Kenyan Rift. Pre-dawn data in the study area during the first 45&nbsp;days of 2012 were analyzed.</p><p id=\"sp0115\">The results show consistent spatial and temporal LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>patterns between the two approaches, and systematic differences of about 2&nbsp;K. A geothermal area map from surface studies was used to assess LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>inside and outside the geothermal boundaries. Spatial means were found to be higher inside the geothermal limits, as well as the relative frequency of occurrence of high LST<sub>gt</sub>. Results further show that areas with strong topography can result in anomalously high LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values (false positives), which suggests the need for a slope and aspect correction in the inputs to achieve realistic results in those areas. The uncertainty analysis indicates that large uncertainties of the input parameters may limit detection of LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>anomalies. To validate the approaches, higher spatial resolution images from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data over the Olkaria geothermal field were used. An established method to estimate radiant geothermal flux was applied providing values between 9 and 24&nbsp;W/m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>in the geothermal area, which coincides with the LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>flux rates obtained with the proposed approaches.</p><p id=\"sp0120\">The proposed approaches are a first step in estimating LST<sub>gt</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>at large spatial coverage from remote sensing and LSM data series, and provide an innovative framework for future improvements.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.003","usgsCitation":"Romaguera, M., Vaughan, R.G., Ettema, J., Izquierdo-Verdiguier, E., Hecker, C.A., and der Meer, V., 2018, Detecting geothermal anomalies and evaluating LST geothermal component by combining thermal remote sensing time series and land surface model data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 204, p. 534-552, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.003.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"552","ipdsId":"IP-080512","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"204","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee753e4b0da30c1bfc24d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romaguera, Mireia","contributorId":203729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romaguera","given":"Mireia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36702,"text":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughan, R. Greg 0000-0002-0850-6669 gvaughan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0850-6669","contributorId":175488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughan","given":"R.","email":"gvaughan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Greg","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":732183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ettema, J.","contributorId":203730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ettema","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36702,"text":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Izquierdo-Verdiguier, E.","contributorId":203731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Izquierdo-Verdiguier","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36702,"text":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hecker, C. A.","contributorId":203732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36702,"text":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"der Meer, van","contributorId":203733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"der Meer","given":"van","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36702,"text":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70195970,"text":"70195970 - 2018 - Biogenic coal-to-methane conversion efficiency decreases after repeated organic amendment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T11:03:07","indexId":"70195970","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogenic coal-to-methane conversion efficiency decreases after repeated organic amendment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Addition of organic amendments to coal-containing systems can increase the rate and extent of biogenic methane production for 60–80 days before production slows or stops. Understanding the effect of repeated amendment additions on the rate and extent of enhanced coal-dependent methane production is important if biological coal-to-methane conversion is to be enhanced on a commercial scale. Microalgal biomass was added at a concentration of 0.1 g/L to microcosms with and without coal on days 0, 76, and 117. Rates of methane production were enhanced after the initial amendment but coal-containing treatments produced successively decreasing amounts of methane with each amendment. During the first amendment period, 113% of carbon added as amendment was recovered as methane, whereas in the second and third amendment periods, 39% and 32% of carbon added as amendment was recovered as methane, respectively. Additionally, algae-amended coal treatments produced ∼38% more methane than unamended coal treatments and ∼180% more methane than amended coal-free treatments after one amendment. However, a second amendment addition resulted in only an ∼25% increase in methane production for coal versus noncoal treatments and a third amendment addition resulted in similar methane production in both coal and noncoal treatments. Successive amendment additions appeared to result in a shift from coal-to-methane conversion to amendment-to-methane conversion. The reported results indicate that a better understanding is needed of the potential impacts and efficiencies of repeated stimulation for enhanced coal-to-methane conversion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b03426","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.J., Barnhart, E.P., Fields, M.W., and Gerlach, R., 2018, Biogenic coal-to-methane conversion efficiency decreases after repeated organic amendment: Energy & Fuels, v. 32, no. 3, p. 2916-2925, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b03426.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2916","endPage":"2925","ipdsId":"IP-093109","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/14992","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee753e4b0da30c1bfc255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Katherine J.","contributorId":203246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fields, Matthew W.","contributorId":172391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerlach, Robin","contributorId":203247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerlach","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195950,"text":"70195950 - 2018 - The size, distribution, and mobility of landslides caused by the 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T09:52:05","indexId":"70195950","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The size, distribution, and mobility of landslides caused by the 2015 M<sub>w</sub>7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal","title":"The size, distribution, and mobility of landslides caused by the 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coseismic landslides pose immediate and prolonged hazards to mountainous communities, and provide a rare opportunity to study the effect of large earthquakes on erosion and sediment budgets. By mapping landslides using high-resolution satellite imagery, we find that the 25 April 2015 M</span><sub>w</sub><span>7.8 Gorkha earthquake and aftershock sequence produced at least 25,000 landslides throughout the steep Himalayan Mountains in central Nepal. Despite early reports claiming lower than expected landslide activity, our results show that the total number, area, and volume of landslides associated with the Gorkha event are consistent with expectations, when compared to prior landslide-triggering earthquakes around the world. The extent of landsliding mimics the extent of fault rupture along the east-west trace of the Main Himalayan Thrust and increases eastward following the progression of rupture. In this event, maximum modeled Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and the steepest topographic slopes of the High Himalaya are not spatially coincident, so it is not surprising that landslide density correlates neither with PGA nor steepest slopes on their own. Instead, we find that the highest landslide density is located at the confluence of steep slopes, high mean annual precipitation, and proximity to the deepest part of the fault rupture from which 0.5–2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Hz seismic energy originated. We suggest that landslide density was determined by a combination of earthquake source characteristics, slope distributions, and the influence of precipitation on rock strength via weathering and changes in vegetation cover. Determining the relative contribution of each factor will require further modeling and better constrained seismic parameters, both of which are likely to be developed in the coming few years as post-event studies evolve. Landslide mobility, in terms of the ratio of runout distance to fall height, is comparable to small volume landslides in other settings, and landslide volume-runout scaling is consistent with compilations of data on larger slope failures. In general, the size ratios of landslide source area to full landslide area are smaller than global averages, and hillslope length seems to largely control runout distance, which we propose reflects a topographic control on landslide mobility in this setting. We find that landslide size dictates runout distance and that more than half of the landslide debris was deposited in direct connection with stream channels. Connectivity, which is defined as the spatial proximity of landslides to fluvial channels, is greatest for larger landslides in the high-relief part of the High Himalaya. Although these failures are less abundant than those at lower elevations, they may have a disproportionate impact on sediment dynamics and cascading hazards, such as landslide reactivation by monsoon rainfall and landslide dams that lead to outburst floods. The overall high fluvial connectivity of coseismic landsliding in the Gorkha event suggests coupling between the earthquake cycle and sediment/geochemical budgets of fluvial systems in the Himalaya.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.030","usgsCitation":"Roback, K., Clark, M., West, A.J., Zekkos, D., , L., Gallen, S.F., Chamlagain, D., and Godt, J.W., 2018, The size, distribution, and mobility of landslides caused by the 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal: Geomorphology, v. 301, p. 121-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.030.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"138","ipdsId":"IP-079061","costCenters":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.030","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              84.04541015625,\n              26.43122806450644\n            ],\n            [\n              87.14355468749999,\n              26.43122806450644\n            ],\n            [\n              87.14355468749999,\n              29.132970130878636\n            ],\n            [\n              84.04541015625,\n              29.132970130878636\n            ],\n            [\n              84.04541015625,\n              26.43122806450644\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"301","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee754e4b0da30c1bfc259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roback, Kevin","contributorId":200288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roback","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Marin K.","contributorId":139684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Marin K.","affiliations":[{"id":12879,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, A. 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