This review synthesizes recent scientific literature on the effects of grassland management practices and pesticide applications on monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), focusing on studies published since the 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Status Assessment (SSA). While the SSA highlighted habitat conservation efforts to enhance monarch populations, there has been limited empirical research on the direct effects of these management strategies on monarch survival and fitness. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate research published during and after the SSA (2019-2024) on the direct effects of common grassland management practices (mowing, grazing, burning, haying) and pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides) across monarch life stages. This search identified 29 studies that met our criteria. Of these, only two studies addressed the impacts of grassland management on monarchs, indicating a substantial and important information gap. The other 27 studies reviewed indicate significant risks of pesticide exposure to monarchs, particularly at immature life stages from lethal and sublethal effects. The effects of chronic insecticide exposure, particularly neonicotinoids, are especially critical to consider, as research shows insecticides can result in impairment of growth, development, and reproductive behaviors. Additionally, fungicides pose overlooked risks to monarchs due to their toxicity to non-target organisms. Notably, most studies evaluating pesticide effects were conducted in a laboratory setting and thus it is unclear how these results relate to fieldrealistic exposure, as well as exposure over multiple life history stages and potential synergistic effects of pesticides. Additional relevant information gaps remain, especially on studies of southern migratory paths critical for monarch population persistence. Data gaps at relevant scales for grassland management combined with growing evidence of pesticide persistence and subsequent threats to insects, highlight how more ecologically applicable metrics for monitoring environmental chemicals could help improve understanding of the effects of pesticides on monarchs and characterize contamination of milkweed and nectar resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services","doi":"10.3996/css42647160","usgsCitation":"McCulloch, E., Morphew, A., and Webb, E.B., 2025, Direct effects of pesticides and other grassland management practices on the North American Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus plexippus): A systematic review: Cooperator Science Series CSS-165-2025, ii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3996/css42647160.","productDescription":"ii, 73 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173146","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494519,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCulloch, Elyssa C.","contributorId":355940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCulloch","given":"Elyssa C.","affiliations":[{"id":84869,"text":"Formerly - USGS NPWRC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morphew, Alex","contributorId":360407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morphew","given":"Alex","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":947016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70263918,"text":"70263918 - 2025 - Road salt collection and redistribution at an urban rain garden on sandy soil, Gary, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-28T15:33:47.700472","indexId":"70263918","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-11T09:28:26","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Road salt collection and redistribution at an urban rain garden on sandy soil, Gary, Indiana","docAbstract":"Rain gardens installed as green infrastructure to divert storm runoff from entering combined sewers also collect dissolved constituents and particulates. An urban rain garden in northwestern Indiana, USA, was continuously monitored from November 2019 to May 2021 to evaluate the fate of dissolved constituents entering the rain garden in runoff. Physical and chemical properties of soils in the rain garden were also monitored, along with underlying groundwater. Linear regression models relating specific conductance to chloride concentration indicated that the 0.0371-ha (3998 square feet) rain garden collected approximately 1490 kg (3285 pounds) of road salt from the surrounding 0.2228 ha (24,500 square feet) of impervious surfaces. Soils and groundwater were seasonally affected by road salt application but carryover from year to year was not indicated. Rain garden soil permeability (5.20 × 10−5 to 9.72 × 10−5 m/s) remained unchanged during the study period and soil organic carbon generally increased under native vegetation. The results suggest that a rain garden built on sandy soil can divert substantial quantities of runoff and dissolved constituents from combined sewers; however, chloride is transported to sub-infrastructure groundwater that eventually discharges to adjacent waterways with concentrations lower than those observed in runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w17040510","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Naylor, S., Lampe, D.C., Story, A., and Artz, C., 2025, Road salt collection and redistribution at an urban rain garden on sandy soil, Gary, Indiana: Water, v. 17, no. 4, 510, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w17040510.","productDescription":"510, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126325","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w17040510","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":482638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Gary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.33710281880745,\n 41.603842124498556\n ],\n [\n -87.33710281880745,\n 41.60260759598816\n ],\n [\n -87.33586794894438,\n 41.60260759598816\n ],\n [\n -87.33586794894438,\n 41.603842124498556\n ],\n [\n -87.33710281880745,\n 41.603842124498556\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E. Randall 0000-0002-0357-3635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":42586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naylor, Shawn 0000-0003-0710-1560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-1560","contributorId":333771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naylor","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lampe, David C. 0000-0002-8904-0337 dclampe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-0337","contributorId":2441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"David","email":"dclampe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Story, Amy A 0000-0003-1926-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-9811","contributorId":350865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Story","given":"Amy A","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Artz, Caleb Colyer 0009-0002-3049-6062","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3049-6062","contributorId":350866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artz","given":"Caleb Colyer","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70264128,"text":"70264128 - 2025 - Examining the role of elevated and sustained strain in dynamically triggering earthquakes on the Anza section of the San Jacinto fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T16:07:23.508604","indexId":"70264128","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-11T08:33:39","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining the role of elevated and sustained strain in dynamically triggering earthquakes on the Anza section of the San Jacinto fault","docAbstract":"Microearthquakes can be dynamically triggered in southern California by remote earthquakes. However, directly connecting dynamic triggering mechanisms with observational data remains challenging. One proposed failure mechanism suggests that both the amplitude and duration of cyclic fatigue caused by the passing seismic wave contribute to triggering occurrence. Here, we measure dynamic strains recorded by borehole strainmeters in the Anza section of the San Jacinto fault zone from 710 earthquakes that occurred over 300 km away between 2008 and 2017 to systematically investigate the role of elevated and sustained strain in controlling dynamic triggering. We design a suite of tests to evaluate whether specific amplitude thresholds and durations of strain can predict dynamic triggering cases. We further test whether the peak dynamic strain (PDS) can predict triggering occurrence in combination with the strain amplitude and duration. Based on these tests, there is no strain amplitude–duration threshold that can distinguish triggering occurrence in Anza. Dynamic triggering is more likely to occur if a remote earthquake causes a PDS above 100 nanostrain, though many cases were triggered at smaller PDSs. The lack of clear correlation between triggering and characteristics of the dynamic strain field suggests that the tested features of the incoming waves do not determine triggering occurrence and local fault conditions and slip processes are more important in controlling dynamic triggering in Anza.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120240079","usgsCitation":"DeSalvio, N., Barbour, A.J., and Fan, W., 2025, Examining the role of elevated and sustained strain in dynamically triggering earthquakes on the Anza section of the San Jacinto fault: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 115, no. 2, p. 452-468, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240079.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"468","ipdsId":"IP-166033","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Anza","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.83265495625426,\n 33.66435535714875\n ],\n [\n -116.83265495625426,\n 33.48533709134661\n ],\n [\n -116.5242645931615,\n 33.48533709134661\n ],\n [\n -116.5242645931615,\n 33.66435535714875\n ],\n [\n -116.83265495625426,\n 33.66435535714875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeSalvio, Nicolas","contributorId":352016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSalvio","given":"Nicolas","affiliations":[{"id":25459,"text":"SIO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fan, Wenyuan","contributorId":174007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Wenyuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6728,"text":"Scripps Inst Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70263420,"text":"ofr20251002 - 2025 - Developing research tools for demographic study of Rhynchophanes mccownii (thick-billed longspurs)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-11T14:34:32.333366","indexId":"ofr20251002","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-10T10:24:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1002","displayTitle":"Developing Research Tools for Demographic Study of Rhynchophanes mccownii (Thick-billed Longspurs)","title":"Developing research tools for demographic study of Rhynchophanes mccownii (thick-billed longspurs)","docAbstract":"Like numerous other North American grassland bird species, Rhynchophanes mccownii (thick-billed longspur) has experienced severe population declines in the last 50 years. Little is known about population-limiting factors, and knowledge gaps limit conservation efforts on the species; however, before research studies aimed at improving conservation and management actions can be developed, other research must resolve notable knowledge gaps that exist in field techniques for efficient and effective large-scale demographic studies. We examined several techniques for the capture, marking (metal, color bands, and transmitters), and reencountering (resights and telemetry) of thick-billed longspurs in croplands and prairies in Valley County, Montana, during the 2022 and 2023 breeding seasons. Our goal was to evaluate the feasibility of obtaining within- and between-season resights of individual thick-billed longspurs using optical equipment and cameras, transmitter receivers, and the Motus automatic receiving station network. This report includes observations and insights that may aid researchers embarking on future demographic studies of thick-billed longspurs, as well as other grassland birds that provide similar research challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","programNote":"Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Ring, M.M., Swift, R.J., Anteau, M.J., Igl, L.D., Seamans, M.E., Somershoe, S.G., VonBank, J.A., Yeiser, J.M., and MacDonald, G.J., 2025, Developing research tools for demographic study of Rhynchophanes mccownii (thick-billed longspurs): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1002, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251002.","productDescription":"viii, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-164375","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1002/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":481848,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251002/full"},{"id":481847,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1002/images/"},{"id":481846,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1002/ofr20251002.XML"},{"id":481845,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1002/ofr20251002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025–1002"}],"contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street SE
Jamestown, ND 58401
Understanding habitat selection is critical in habitat prioritization for species of conservation and management concern. Information on habitat selection is particularly important for grassland bird species whose populations have suffered steep declines over the last few decades. We assessed ring-necked pheasants' (Phasianus colchicus) habitat selection in a dynamic agricultural landscape. The population dynamics of pheasants are partially related to nest survival, which may be influenced by the quality of nesting habitat. Consequently, knowledge of vegetation composition and structural characteristics associated with the selection and survival of nests would help inform management decisions to improve nest success. We monitored nests from 103 radio-collared pheasants inhabiting an agricultural landscape in South Dakota, USA, from 2017–2019 to determine the effect of landscape composition and configuration on nest-site selection and nest survival. We explored nesting behavior at 2 orders of selection: resource selection within the home range (third order) and selection of specific resource items from a resource patch (fourth order). Proportion of row crop and connectivity of row crop was negatively associated with nest-site selection at the third order. At the fourth order, pheasants tended to select for taller vegetation and greater percent grass cover than at paired random sites. Pheasants also selected areas with more grasslands. A 1% increase in grass cover and proportion of grassland increased the odds of nest-site selection by 1% and 2%, respectively. Connectivity of row crop patches was negatively associated with daily nest survival. We also evaluated factors affecting pheasant brood-site selection. A 1-unit increase in grass cover and Hemiptera biomass increased the odds of brood-site selection by 4%. The probability of brood-site selection also increased with fewer row crop patches. Weather played a crucial role in driving nest survival. The consideration of local weather trends and regional variation in habitat can inform habitat management for pheasants. Pheasant populations may benefit from research that identifies thermal landscapes and land management techniques that promote cooler microclimates for nesting and brood-rearing activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70003","usgsCitation":"Harsh, S., Lonsinger, R.C., Kauth, H., and Gregory, A., 2025, Weather, habitat area, connectivity, and number of patches influence breeding ecology of ring-necked pheasants: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 89, no. 4, e70003, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70003.","productDescription":"e70003, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154336","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Beadle County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.7069,44.6348],[-98.4483,44.6325],[-97.9766,44.6321],[-97.8554,44.6312],[-97.8555,44.5454],[-97.853,44.5453],[-97.8506,44.1964],[-98.332,44.1974],[-98.3365,44.1975],[-98.7012,44.1979],[-98.6994,44.4354],[-98.7034,44.5481],[-98.7066,44.5481],[-98.7069,44.6348]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Beadle\",\"state\":\"SD\"}}]}","volume":"89","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harsh, Sprih","contributorId":353214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harsh","given":"Sprih","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lonsinger, Robert Charles 0000-0002-1040-7299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-7299","contributorId":340524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsinger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauth, Hilary R.","contributorId":353217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kauth","given":"Hilary R.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregory, Andrew J.","contributorId":353220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregory","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[{"id":34637,"text":"University of North Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70265052,"text":"70265052 - 2025 - Exploring the science and data foundation for Federal public lands decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-01T14:33:16.699808","indexId":"70265052","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-10T09:27:45","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring the science and data foundation for Federal public lands decisions","docAbstract":"Public lands provide diverse resources, values, and services worldwide. Laws and policies typically require consideration of science in public lands decisions, and resource managers are committed to science-informed decision-making. However, it can be challenging for managers to use, and document the use of, science and data in their decisions. To better understand science and data use in Federal public lands decisions in the United States, we assessed the number, type, and age of documents cited in 70 Environmental Assessments (EAs) completed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in Colorado from 2015–2019. We focused on the BLM, as they manage the largest area of public lands in the United States. We selected Colorado as our study area, as actions proposed on BLM lands in Colorado are representative of those across the nation. Fifty percent of citations were categorized as science and 23% as data. EAs contained an average of 17 citations (range 0–111), with documents analyzing effects of oil and gas development and recreation actions including the highest and lowest mean number of citations (41 and 6, respectively). Of individual resource analysis sections within EAs, 24% contained ≥1 science citation and 21% contained ≥1 data citation. Journal articles were the most cited type of document (26% of citations) followed by non-BLM inventories (13%). Forty-seven percent of citations were relatively recent (2010 or later); the oldest citation was from 1927. Commonly analyzed resources with the highest mean number of citations were socioeconomics, mineral resources, and noise. Fourteen of 33 commonly analyzed resources included <1 citation on average. Actions and resources with no or few citations represent opportunities for strengthening the transparent use of science and data in public lands decision-making.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0316013","usgsCitation":"Foster, A., Canchola, A., Haby, T.S., and Carter, S.K., 2025, Exploring the science and data foundation for Federal public lands decisions: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 2, e0316013, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316013.","productDescription":"e0316013, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147398","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.033613592161,\n 40.94360758769497\n ],\n [\n -109.033613592161,\n 37.00275906966762\n ],\n [\n -102.12660083351636,\n 37.00275906966762\n ],\n [\n -102.12660083351636,\n 40.94360758769497\n ],\n [\n -109.033613592161,\n 40.94360758769497\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Alison C. 0000-0002-6659-2120","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6659-2120","contributorId":331240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"Alison C.","affiliations":[{"id":79166,"text":"USGS, currently US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canchola, Andrew T.","contributorId":350323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canchola","given":"Andrew T.","affiliations":[{"id":83709,"text":"City of Greeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haby, Travis S. 0000-0003-2204-9967","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2204-9967","contributorId":138831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haby","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70264077,"text":"70264077 - 2025 - The accuracy of capture per unit effort in predicting density of a cryptic snake was more sensitive to reductions in spatial than temporal coverage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-05T16:22:30.657901","indexId":"70264077","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-10T09:18:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The accuracy of capture per unit effort in predicting density of a cryptic snake was more sensitive to reductions in spatial than temporal coverage","docAbstract":"A critical component of monitoring wildlife populations is understanding changes in population size or abundance. However, for most populations a complete census is not possible; thus, trends or abundance need to be estimated through alternative means, such as indexes. An important aspect of using indexes, such as capture per unit effort (CPUE), is validating them as accurate or precise predictors of population trends or abundance. We completed such analyses using data collected from visual surveys and trapping for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) within a 5-ha enclosure that was undergoing a continuous population decline. During a ~ 6-year period, we censused and marked the snake population to fully enumerated the population, with new individuals resulting from births and removals resulting only from mortality (natural or experimental). From trapping and visual surveys, we were also able to calculate CPUE as a function of trap nights or km surveyed and used regressions to forecast snake density (snakes/km) in the enclosure from CPUE. We also rarefied the true dataset to measure whether reductions in sampling intensity, either temporally or spatially, affected the accuracy or precision in predicting snake density from CPUE. We found that trap CPUE demonstrated no statistical relationship to density based on our study methods. CPUE during visual surveys did predict actual density, with sufficient spatial and temporal sampling intensity. CPUE from visual surveys was relatively robust against reductions in temporal sampling when spatial intensity remained high. However, reductions in the spatial area covered to less than 50% of the enclosure rapidly reduced the accuracy and precision in using CPUE to forecast density. Our results indicate that visual surveys are a relatively accurate measure of true density for brown treesnakes, given sufficient spatial sampling effort. The spatial area of coverage required for CPUE to accurately predict changes in abundance was, however, intense with > 50% of the spatial area required to be sampled on a given sampling night. Our results indicate that CPUE is only reliable as an index of abundance or population trends for cryptic snakes, if sampling effort covers most of the landscape over which populations are being estimated.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-56333-8","usgsCitation":"Parks, S., Guiterman, C., Margolis, E.Q., Lonergan, M., Whitman, E., Abatzoglou, J.T., Falk, D.A., Johnston , J., Daniels, L., Lafon, C.W., Loehman, R.A., Kipfmueller, K.F., Naficy, C.E., Parisien, M., Portier, J., Stambaugh, M.C., Williams, A.P., Wion, A.P., and Yocom, L., 2025, A fire deficit persists across diverse North American forests despite recent increases in area burned: Nature Communications, v. 16, 1493, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56333-8.","productDescription":"1493, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171157","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56333-8","text":"Publisher Index 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In geothermal fields, shut-ins are periodically conducted for maintenance on wells and surface infrastructure, thereby offering recurring means of estimating stress changes in the subsurface that lead to increased seismicity rates. Here, we examine daily production and microseismicity data from the Coso Geothermal Field (CGF) in California between 1996 and 2010 to investigate the repetitive trends of operational shut-in microseismicity. Using 24 local seismic stations, we first analyze spatial and temporal trends of over 60,000 earthquakes with magnitudes between -0.4 to 3.8. We find that the northern region exhibits no significant seismicity changes during shut-ins, whereas the rest of the field experiences induced seismicity during almost every shut-in with an increasing intensity towards the southern and eastern portions of the field, highlighting local differences in stress within the CGF. Additionally, we cluster the seismicity using waveform cross-correlation, revealing several earthquake clusters primarily occurring during shut-in periods. These observations suggest that certain fracture and fault sections respond quicker to changes in pore pressure and poroelastic stresses within the geothermal system, possibly highlighting main fluid pathways.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0320240041","usgsCitation":"Holmgren, J., Kaven, J., and Oye, V., 2025, Long-term trends in microseismicity during operational shut-ins at the Coso Geothermal Field, California: The Seismic Record, v. 5, no. 1, p. 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1785/0320240041.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","ipdsId":"IP-170795","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320240041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":482446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coso Geothermal Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.93842593182427,\n 36.34881073898275\n ],\n [\n -117.93842593182427,\n 36.12479363858705\n ],\n [\n -117.62601162670973,\n 36.12479363858705\n ],\n [\n -117.62601162670973,\n 36.34881073898275\n ],\n [\n -117.93842593182427,\n 36.34881073898275\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmgren, Joanna","contributorId":351460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmgren","given":"Joanna","affiliations":[{"id":18074,"text":"NORSAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaven, J. Ole 0000-0003-2625-2786 okaven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-2786","contributorId":3993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaven","given":"J. 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However, sensors that record SWC at high frequencies often malfunction, leading to incomplete timeseries and limiting our understanding of dryland ecosystem dynamics. We developed an analytical approach to impute missing SWC data, which we tested at six eddy flux tower sites along an elevation gradient in the southwestern United States. We impute missing data as a mixture of linearly interpolated SWC between the observed endpoints of a missing data gap and SWC simulated by an ecosystem water balance model (SOILWAT2). Within a Bayesian framework, we allowed the relative utility (mixture weight) of each component (linearly interpolated vs. SOILWAT2) to vary by depth, site and gap characteristics. We explored “fixed” weights versus “dynamic” weights that vary as a function of cumulative precipitation, average temperature, and time since the start of the gap. Both models estimated missing SWC data well (R2 = 0.70–0.88 vs. 0.75–0.91 for fixed vs. dynamic weights, respectively), but the utility of linearly interpolated versus SOILWAT2 values depended on site and depth. SOILWAT2 was more useful for more arid sites, shallower depths, longer and warmer gaps and gaps that received greater precipitation. Overall, the mixture model reliably gap-fills SWC, while lending insight into processes governing SWC dynamics. This approach to impute missing data could be adapted to accommodate more than two mixture components and other types of environmental timeseries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.70004","usgsCitation":"Ogle, K., Reich, E., Samuels-Crow, K., Litvak, M., Bradford, J., Schlaepfer, D.R., and Devan, M., 2025, Filling the gaps: A Bayesian mixture model for imputing missing soil water content data: Ecohydrology, v. 18, no. 1, e70004, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70004.","productDescription":"e70004, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163652","costCenters":[{"id":49226,"text":"Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70004","text":"External Repository"},{"id":486071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.07993996238093,\n 37.04473109056555\n ],\n [\n -109.07993996238093,\n 31.382778545525298\n ],\n [\n -103.04352625964134,\n 31.382778545525298\n ],\n [\n -103.04352625964134,\n 37.04473109056555\n ],\n [\n -109.07993996238093,\n 37.04473109056555\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ogle, Kiona","contributorId":248351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogle","given":"Kiona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":937346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, Emma","contributorId":355440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reich","given":"Emma","affiliations":[{"id":84751,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Samuels-Crow, Kimberly","contributorId":289104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samuels-Crow","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62051,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems; Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Litvak, Marcy","contributorId":216915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litvak","given":"Marcy","affiliations":[{"id":39549,"text":"University of New Mexico: Albuquerque, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Devan, Megan","contributorId":355441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devan","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":84752,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70263449,"text":"70263449 - 2025 - Climate change effects on ecosystem services: Disentangling drivers of mixed responses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-11T15:17:25.745332","indexId":"70263449","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-10T08:13:07","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2978,"text":"PLoS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change effects on ecosystem services: Disentangling drivers of mixed responses","docAbstract":"Climate change is a pervasive hazard that impacts the supply and demand of ecosystem goods and services (EGS) that maintain human well-being. A recent review found that the impacts of climate change on EGS are sometimes mixed, posing challenges for managers who need to adapt to these changes. We expand on earlier work by exploring drivers of varying responses of EGS to climate within studies. We conducted a systematic review of English-language papers directly assessing climate change impacts on the supply, demand, or monetary value of ‘provisioning EGS’, ‘regulating EGS’, or ‘cultural EGS’. Ultimately, 44 papers published from December 2014 to March 2018 were analyzed. Nearly 66% of EGS were assessed for higher-income countries despite how lower-income countries disproportionately face negative climate impacts. Around 59% of observations or projections were mixed responses of EGS to climate change. Differences in climate impacts to EGS across space or climate scenarios were the most common causes of mixed responses, followed by mixed responses across time periods assessed. Disaggregating findings by drivers is valuable because mixed responses were often due to multiple drivers of variation. Carefully considering the decision context and desired outcome of a study will help select appropriate methodology to detect EGS variation. Although studies have often assessed relevant drivers of variation, assessing interactions of other sources of uncertainty and both climate and non-climate drivers may support more effective management decisions that holistically account for different values in the face of uncertainty.","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0306017","usgsCitation":"Delos, M., Johnson, C.G., Weiskopf, S.R., and Cushing, J., 2025, Climate change effects on ecosystem services: Disentangling drivers of mixed responses: PLoS, v. 20, no. 2, e0306017, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306017.","productDescription":"e0306017, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128783","costCenters":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delos, Marcy C.","contributorId":350807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delos","given":"Marcy C.","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Ciara G.","contributorId":271273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ciara","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiskopf, Sarah R. 0000-0002-5933-8191","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5933-8191","contributorId":207699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskopf","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cushing, Janet Alice","contributorId":350809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Janet Alice","affiliations":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266568,"text":"70266568 - 2025 - A real-time fish detection system for partially dewatered fish to support selective fish passage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T14:23:25.631013","indexId":"70266568","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-09T09:15:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A real-time fish detection system for partially dewatered fish to support selective fish passage","docAbstract":"Recent advances in fish transportation technologies and deep machine learning-based fish classification have created an opportunity for real-time, autonomous fish sorting through a selective passage mechanism. This research presents a case study of a novel application that utilizes deep machine learning to detect partially dewatered fish exiting an Archimedes Screw Fish Lift (ASFL). A MobileNet SSD model was trained on images of partially dewatered fish volitionally passing through an ASFL. Then, this model was integrated with a network video recorder to monitor video from the ASFL. Additional models were also trained using images from a similar fish scanning device to test the feasibility of this approach for fish classification. Open source software and edge computing design principles were employed to ensure that the system is capable of fast data processing. The findings from this research demonstrate that such a system integrated with an ASFL can support real-time fish detection. This research contributes to the goal of automated data collection in a selective fish passage system and presents a viable path towards realizing optical fish sorting.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/s25041022","usgsCitation":"Gregory, J., Miehls, S.M., Eickholt, J., and Zielinski, D., 2025, A real-time fish detection system for partially dewatered fish to support selective fish passage: Sensors, v. 25, no. 4, 1022, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/s25041022.","productDescription":"1022, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174633","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s25041022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Swan River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.71462217594592,\n 45.40023637231536\n ],\n [\n -83.78015729775288,\n 45.40023637231536\n ],\n [\n -83.78015729775288,\n 45.337445622308564\n ],\n [\n -83.71462217594592,\n 45.337445622308564\n ],\n [\n -83.71462217594592,\n 45.40023637231536\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregory, Jonathan","contributorId":354850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregory","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miehls, Scott M. 0000-0002-5546-1854 smiehls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-1854","contributorId":5007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miehls","given":"Scott","email":"smiehls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eickholt, Jesse","contributorId":205582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eickholt","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zielinski, Daniel","contributorId":245798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zielinski","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70263464,"text":"70263464 - 2025 - Applications of unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) in landscape ecology: A review of recent research, challenges and emerging opportunities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T14:53:37.848481","indexId":"70263464","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-08T08:43:25","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applications of unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) in landscape ecology: A review of recent research, challenges and emerging opportunities","docAbstract":"Unoccupied aerial systems/vehicles (UAS/UAV, a.k.a. drones) have become an increasingly popular tool for ecological research. But much of the recent research is concerned with developing mapping and detection approaches, with few studies attempting to link UAS data to ecosystem processes and function. Landscape ecologists have long used high resolution imagery and spatial analyses to address ecological questions and are therefore uniquely positioned to advance UAS research for ecological applications.
The review objectives are to: (1) provide background on how UAS are used in landscape ecological studies, (2) identify major advancements and research gaps, and (3) discuss ways to better facilitate the use of UAS in landscape ecology research.
We conducted a systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines using key search terms that are unique to landscape ecology research. We reviewed only papers that applied UAS data to investigate questions about ecological patterns, processes, or function.
We summarize metadata from 161 papers that fit our review criteria. We highlight and discuss major research themes and applications, sensors and data collection techniques, image processing, feature extraction and spatial analysis, image fusion and satellite scaling, and open data and software.
We observed a diversity of UAS methods, applications, and creative spatial modeling and analysis approaches. Key aspects of UAS research in landscape ecology include modeling wildlife micro-habitats, scaling of ecosystem functions, landscape and geomorphic change detection, integrating UAS with historical aerial and satellite imagery, and novel applications of spatial statistics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-02040-6","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M.L., Bishop, T., Sankey, T., Smith, W.K., Burgess, M.A., Caughlin, T., Gillan, J.K., Havrilla, C., Huang, T., LeBeau, R., Norton, C., Sankey, J., Scholl, V.M., Von Nonn, J.W., and Yao, E., 2025, Applications of unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) in landscape ecology: A review of recent research, challenges and emerging opportunities: Landscape Ecology, v. 40, 43, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-02040-6.","productDescription":"43, 32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-165776","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-02040-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bishop, Tara B.B.","contributorId":215034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Tara B.B.","affiliations":[{"id":39160,"text":"Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen Ts.","contributorId":350813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen Ts.","affiliations":[{"id":83836,"text":"Northern Arizona University, School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, William K. 0000-0002-5785-6489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5785-6489","contributorId":239667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47959,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew Alexander 0000-0003-3487-4972 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3487-4972","contributorId":225090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caughlin, Trevor 0000-0001-6752-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-2055","contributorId":256964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caughlin","given":"Trevor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gillan, Jeffrey K.","contributorId":51656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillan","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Havrilla, Caroline 0000-0003-3913-0980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0980","contributorId":245368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havrilla","given":"Caroline","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Huang, Tao","contributorId":350818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Tao","affiliations":[{"id":38130,"text":"Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"LeBeau, Raymond 0009-0005-1520-5249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1520-5249","contributorId":350819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBeau","given":"Raymond","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Norton, Cindy L.","contributorId":350820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norton","given":"Cindy L.","affiliations":[{"id":83841,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, Arizona Remote Sensing Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":261248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Scholl, Victoria Mary 0000-0002-2085-1449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2085-1449","contributorId":295713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Von Nonn, Joshua W. 0009-0003-7251-7308","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7251-7308","contributorId":332293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Nonn","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Yao, Erika","contributorId":280000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yao","given":"Erika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":57405,"text":"Contractor to Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70263885,"text":"70263885 - 2025 - Using GPS tracking data to validate the conservation value of bird migration counts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T15:29:12.802856","indexId":"70263885","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-07T08:21:14","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using GPS tracking data to validate the conservation value of bird migration counts","docAbstract":"Effective conservation of migratory birds requires gathering of information about their population trends, often acquired using migratory bird counts. These schemes ideally operate at migratory bottlenecks, through which a significant portion of the counted migratory populations is funneled. Yet it is rare to validate the conservation value of the data from these counts. Here we perform this validation using GPS tracking data collected from two migratory species during their movement over two count schemes: the globally endangered steppe eagle counted in Eilat, Israel, and the black kite, counted in Batumi, Georgia. We use tracking data to answer two questions: which populations are counted and what affects the probability that a given individual will be counted. Our results illustrate variability in the effectiveness of these two migratory bird counting schemes. Considering the goal of estimating population trends, we show that Eilat does not represent a good location for understanding population trends of steppe eagles, while Batumi appears to provide better information on demographic trends of black kites. We further present differences in annual and individual variability, evidence regarding the breeding area origins of the counted populations and effects of environmental factors on the raptors' routes and, consequently, on the probabilities of being counted. Beyond the direct implications of our results, this study provides an example of using telemetry data to parameterize inference from bird counts. Further coupling of migratory bird count data and GPS data can improve our understanding of migration ecology and the conservation of migratory species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110959","usgsCitation":"Efrat, R., Lehnardt, Y., Berkowic, D., Leshem, Y., Dor, R., Bragin, A.E., Bragin, E., Katzner, T., and Sapir, N., 2025, Using GPS tracking data to validate the conservation value of bird migration counts: Biological Conservation, v. 302, 110959, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110959.","productDescription":"110959, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168274","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Israel, 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However, because current field data cannot be gathered about these species, efforts to identify suitable habitat are often complicated and controversial. Here we present a case study examining a novel approach for identifying suitable habitat for the locally extirpated brown bear, known as the “grizzly,” in California, USA. Once home to a large population of grizzlies, the last credible sighting of a grizzly in California was in 1924, but recent discussions have explored a reintroduction. To study potential grizzly bear habitat suitability in California, we use a multi-model approach in which we consider three indirect methods, or “analogies,” each of which incorporates both environmental and social variables. In the “historical analogy,” we used a unique record of human encounters and museum specimens to build a habitat model of grizzlies in California 150 years ago. In the “geographic analogy,” we used data about contemporary brown bears in Europe and North America to identify potential suitable habitat in California. In the “taxonomic analogy,” we examined data from other large carnivores currently extant in California to draw conclusions about grizzlies. Because these methods yield varying results, we adopt a process known in the social sciences as “triangulation” to compare them. We show that a triangulation approach can improve our understanding of potential suitable habitat, clarifying the strengths and weaknesses of various methods and producing robust yet conservative estimates. Our findings suggest that large areas of suitable habitat for grizzlies exist in California. However, we note that place-based social science research and long-term investment in co-existence would be necessary to maintain suitability. The “analogy and triangulation” approach demonstrates the value of multi-model approaches for habitat suitability, especially for reintroductions.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110989","usgsCitation":"Mcinturff, M.C., Alagona, P., Cooper, S., Gaynor, K., Anderson, S., Forbes, E.S., Heilmayr, R., Hiroyasu, E., Kendall, B., Mychajliw, A.M., and Hardesty-Moore, M., 2025, Triangulating habitat suitability for the locally extirpated California grizzly bear: Biological Conservation, v. 303, 110989, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110989.","productDescription":"110989, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168408","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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In 2018, the U.S. Department of the Interior established Secretarial Order 3362, which provided Federal support to expand existing research efforts to study ungulate populations and conserve their migrations by enhancing habitat quality for ungulates across the Western United States. In response to the order, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) created the Corridor Mapping Team, which is a collaboration among 11 State agencies, regional and Federal partners, and an expanding number of Tribal wildlife agencies. Together, the Corridor Mapping Team maps ungulate migrations throughout the Western United States and publishes them in the USGS “Ungulate Migrations of the Western United States” report series. This report details migrations and seasonal ranges from 36 additional herds and includes 2 herd updates detailed in previous reports. The Corridor Mapping Team has mapped the migrations and seasonal ranges of 218 unique herds for the report series, including this report. The report series serves as a map-based inventory of the ungulate migrations across the Western United States for biologists, managers, policymakers, and conservation practitioners. Building on the previous report volumes in the series, volume 5 additionally describes some of the local and national initiatives that are incorporating the products, tools, and information from this growing USGS report series.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Associate Director, Ecosystems Mission Area
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 300
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Lake water level fluctuations are an important factor driving variation in many ecosystem processes. The nearshore sediments that are periodically exposed and re-inundated can develop distinct physical and chemical characteristics, especially in relationship to the organic matter content of the sediments and the particle size distribution. These sediment characteristics in turn can alter the flux of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from sediments into the water column when sediments are inundated. Here, we used intact sediment core experiments across a range of sediment inundation frequencies to estimate the effect of inundation frequency on sediment nutrient flux in Kabetogama Lake, Minnesota, USA. We observed associations between elevation or inundation frequency and some sediment characteristics, but in a structural equation model, inundation frequency and the sediment properties we measured were poorly related to inorganic nutrient flux. On the other hand, inundation frequency did have a moderate association with organic N and P flux from sediments, which could be due to decay of terrestrial organic matter that accumulates on exposed sediments. We used our parameterized structural equation model to estimate how three different water level management regimes employed over the past 50 years could influence organic N and P flux from sediments. The models suggested more recent water level management regimes reduced organic N and P flux by 9%–13% and 5.9%–9.8%, respectively. Nearshore sediment flux could sustain and influence harmful algal blooms that occur in this lake, and these fluxes could be influenced by water level management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70176","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Bailey, S., Maki, R., Christensen, V., Stelzer, E., Smith, J., LeDuc, J.F., and McWhorter, S., 2025, Possible influence of water level management on nutrient flux in nearshore sediments of Kabetogama Lake, Minnesota, USA: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 2, e70176, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70176.","productDescription":"e70176, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160471","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70176","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":482500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Kabetogama Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.1323728221501,\n 48.530999864005054\n ],\n [\n -93.1323728221501,\n 48.39653345056249\n ],\n [\n -92.70028521395359,\n 48.39653345056249\n ],\n [\n -92.70028521395359,\n 48.530999864005054\n ],\n [\n -93.1323728221501,\n 48.530999864005054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Sean 0000-0003-0361-7914 sbailey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-7914","contributorId":198515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Sean","email":"sbailey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maki, Ryan P.","contributorId":190131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maki","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christensen, Victoria 0000-0003-4166-7461","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":220548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stelzer, Erin A. 0000-0001-7645-7603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7603","contributorId":220549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelzer","given":"Erin A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, James C.","contributorId":351486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":82351,"text":"U.S. National Park Service (NPS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"LeDuc, Jamie F.","contributorId":178241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeDuc","given":"Jamie","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McWhorter, Seth","contributorId":351487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McWhorter","given":"Seth","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70263503,"text":"70263503 - 2025 - Climate-related drivers of migratory bird health in the south-central USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-23T15:17:56.487436","indexId":"70263503","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T10:18:59","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1023,"text":"Biological Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-related drivers of migratory bird health in the south-central USA","docAbstract":"Migratory birds are species of concern that play important ecological roles while also supporting recreational opportunities for the hunting and birdwatching public. Direct and indirect effects of climate variability, extremes, and change on migratory bird health manifest at the individual, population, species, and community levels. This review focuses on the effects of climate on migratory birds that spend part of their life cycles in the south-central USA. Although gaps in knowledge remain, prior studies provide a solid foundation to understand how climate affects migratory birds to inform management priorities and actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/brv.70000","usgsCitation":"McPherson, R.A., Alger, K.E., and Hofmeister, E.K., 2025, Climate-related drivers of migratory bird health in the south-central USA: Biological Reviews, v. 100, no. 3, p. 1272-1293, https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70000.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1272","endPage":"1293","ipdsId":"IP-155166","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482036,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":487641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70000","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, 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performance in large earthquakes","docAbstract":"The ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system partners along with U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) licensed operators deliver EEW alerts to the public and trigger automated systems when a significant earthquake is expected to impact California, Oregon, or Washington. ShakeAlert’s primary goal is to provide usable warning times before the arrival of damaging shaking. EEW is most likely to achieve this goal in large‐magnitude earthquakes. In recent years, ShakeAlert has gone through a series of upgrades to its underlying scientific algorithms aimed at improved performance during large earthquakes. Version 3 of this software recently went live in the production system and includes improvements to all algorithms. The main seismic algorithms that detect an earthquake and characterize its location, magnitude, and fault rupture orientation are faster than older versions. Other key changes include: using real‐time geodetic data to characterize the magnitude growth in large earthquakes; the introduction of an alert pause procedure to compromise between speed near the epicenter and improved accuracy at larger distances; and the inclusion of a nonergodic site‐response model in the ground‐motion predictions. ShakeAlert has achieved its primary goal of usable warning times before strong shaking at some locations in real‐time operations in recent M 6 earthquakes. Using offline tests, we demonstrate usable warning times are possible for many sites with peak shaking values of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) 7–8 in M 7+ earthquakes and also for many MMI 8–9 sites in M 8+ earthquakes. ShakeAlert partners use a variety of MMI and magnitude thresholds in deciding when to alert their users within bounds set by the USGS. Our study shows that there is room to raise the magnitude thresholds up to about M 5.5 without adversely affecting performance in large earthquakes. The ground‐motion criteria are more complex owing to a significant drop‐off in warning times between the MMI 4 and 5 levels of predicted shaking. However, widely used ShakeAlert products, such as the MMI 3 and 4 contour products, can provide sufficiently long warning times before strong shaking in moderate‐to‐great earthquakes to enable a range of protective actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120240189","usgsCitation":"McGuire, J., Ulberg, C., Lux, A., Bose, M., Andrews, J., Smith, D., Crowell, B., Murray, J.R., Henson, I., Hartog, R., Felizardo, C., Huynh, M., Aranha, M., Parker, G.A., Baltay Sundstrom, A.S., Murray, M.H., Biasi, G., Guiwits, S., Saunders, J., Good, A., Santillan, V., Scrivener, C., Szeliga, W., Melbourne, T., Kress, V., de Groot, R., McBride, S., Given, D.D., Allen, R., Heaton, T.H., Husker, A.L., Thomas, V., Tobin, H., Jha, S., and Bunn, J., 2025, ShakeAlert® version 3: Expected performance in large earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 115, no. 2, p. 533-561, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240189.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"561","ipdsId":"IP-167694","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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2025 - Comparative assessment of a restored and natural wetland using 13C-DNA SIP reveals a higher potential for methane production in the restored wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T15:17:33.564609","indexId":"70264811","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T10:06:49","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Comparative assessment of a restored and natural wetland using 13C-DNA SIP reveals a higher potential for methane production in the restored wetland","title":"Comparative assessment of a restored and natural wetland using 13C-DNA SIP reveals a higher potential for methane production in the restored wetland","docAbstract":"Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas produced by methanogens. Methanogenesis rates are controlled by environmental factors such as redox potential, temperature, and carbon and electron acceptor availability and are presumably dependent on the composition of the active methanogen community. We collected intact soil cores from a restored and natural freshwater depressional wetland on Maryland’s Delmarva Peninsula (USA) to assess the effects of wetland restoration and redox shifts on microbial processes. Intact soil cores were incubated under either saturated (anoxic) or unsaturated (oxic) conditions and amended with 13C-acetate for quantitative stable isotope probing (qSIP) of the 16S rRNA gene. Restored wetland cores supported a distinct community of methanogens compared to natural cores, and acetoclastic methanogens putatively identified in the genus Methanosarcina were among the most abundant taxa in restored anoxic and oxic cores. The active microbial communities in the restored wetland cores were also distinguished by the unique presence of facultatively anaerobic bacteria belonging to the orders Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In natural wetland incubations, methanogen populations were not among the most abundant taxa, and these communities were instead distinguished by the unique presence of aerobic bacteria in the phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and class Alphaproteobacteria. Iron-reducing bacteria, in the genus Geobacter, were active across all redox conditions in both the restored and the natural cores, except the natural oxic–anoxic condition. These findings suggest an overall higher potential for methanogenesis in the restored wetland site compared to the natural wetland site, even when there is evidence of Fe reduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.02161-24","usgsCitation":"Hamovit, N., RoyChowdhury, T., Akob, D., Zhang, X., McCarty, G.T., and Yarwood, S.A., 2025, Comparative assessment of a restored and natural wetland using 13C-DNA SIP reveals a higher potential for methane production in the restored wetland: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 91, no. 3, e02161-24, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02161-24.","productDescription":"e02161-24, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162454","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02161-24","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.7608234192479,\n 39.291915532663836\n ],\n [\n -76.1651804887625,\n 39.291915532663836\n ],\n [\n -76.1651804887625,\n 38.84046259604111\n ],\n [\n -75.7608234192479,\n 38.84046259604111\n ],\n [\n -75.7608234192479,\n 39.291915532663836\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamovit, Nora 0000-0002-8416-4090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-4090","contributorId":330161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamovit","given":"Nora","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"RoyChowdhury, Taniya","contributorId":352584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"RoyChowdhury","given":"Taniya","affiliations":[{"id":37684,"text":"University of Maryland, College Park, Md","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akob, Denise M. 0000-0003-1534-3025","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-3025","contributorId":204701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akob","given":"Denise M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Xuesong","contributorId":187519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Xuesong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":931801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCarty, Gregory T.","contributorId":335447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarty","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":65190,"text":"USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yarwood, Stephanie A.","contributorId":192178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarwood","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":931803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70263413,"text":"70263413 - 2025 - Luminescence dating of stone structures in northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T15:47:03.430489","indexId":"70263413","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T09:36:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":700,"text":"American Antiquity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Luminescence dating of stone structures in northeastern United States","docAbstract":"There is no consensus on who built the numerous stone structures that dot the archaeological landscape in the northeastern United States. Professional archaeologists traditionally have attributed them to colonial farmers, but increasing numbers of archaeologists have joined many nonprofessional groups and Native Americans in arguing for Indigenous origins. Better understanding of these structures can be obtained by determining how old they are. This article reviews nearly 60 luminescence ages, on both sediments and rocks, that have been obtained in recent years. Many of the derived ages fall in the sixteenth century, between initial European contact and substantial colonial settlement. A few ages are significantly older, suggesting that this technology has a deeper origin. The results warrant more research into these structures and rethinking their significance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.60","usgsCitation":"Feathers, J., and Mahan, S.A., 2025, Luminescence dating of stone structures in northeastern United States: American Antiquity, https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.60.","ipdsId":"IP-161456","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feathers, Jim 0000-0002-1309-6131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-6131","contributorId":350755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feathers","given":"Jim","affiliations":[{"id":55441,"text":"University of Washington, Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70267513,"text":"70267513 - 2025 - Time-varying rates of organic and inorganic mass accumulation in southeast Louisiana marshes: Relationships to sea-level anomalies and tropical storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T14:23:50.819907","indexId":"70267513","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T09:19:43","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-varying rates of organic and inorganic mass accumulation in southeast Louisiana marshes: Relationships to sea-level anomalies and tropical storms","docAbstract":"Louisiana's coastal wetlands are complex systems that require a continuous input of organic and inorganic material to keep pace with relative sea-level rise. Coastal restoration projects such as sediment diversions are being implemented to mitigate land loss and increase availability of inorganic sediment to coastal wetlands, and marshes specifically rely on organic material to build soil volume and maintain surface elevation. Interannual-to-decadal sea-level anomalies such as hurricanes can affect marsh accretion, mineral deposition, and plant productivity. In this light, complex ecogeomorphic feedback controls whether a marsh surface is sustainable or eroded/drowns. This study performs some of the first differential vertical accretion rates (VARs) and organic and inorganic mass accumulation rates (MARs) over time in SE Louisiana marshes determined from the 210Pb Constant Rate of Supply model, coupled with standard 137Cs VARs. These accumulation rates over the past ∼100 years were measured from a total of six brackish and salt marsh locations in Barataria Basin near the proposed Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion. They were then related to interannual sea-surface elevations at Grand Isle, Louisiana, over the last ∼60 years and recorded hurricane activity in the delta. Results show VARs range from 0.63 cm/y to 1.69 cm/y and total MARs range from 0.11 to 0.43 g/cm2/y. Temporally, VARs and MARs (total, inorganic, and organic) are characterized by gradual increases in rates with decreasing age along with episodic peaks in VARs and MARs. The findings of this study indicate that no relationship occurs between sea-level anomalies and VARs or organic and inorganic MARs; however, a strong relationship appears to occur between major hurricanes to VAR and MAR contributions. Furthermore, high water content (81 ± 8%) and organic-rich soils in the sediment cores highlight the significance of belowground biomass and associated pore volume in maintaining marsh elevation in the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-24-00032.1","usgsCitation":"Vincent, S., Wilson, C., Snedden, G., and Quirk, T., 2025, Time-varying rates of organic and inorganic mass accumulation in southeast Louisiana marshes: Relationships to sea-level anomalies and tropical storms: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 41, no. 3, p. 452-467, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-24-00032.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"467","ipdsId":"IP-167886","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.48248147473386,\n 29.674646712251956\n ],\n [\n -90.48248147473386,\n 29.118938193358844\n ],\n [\n -89.69005114637018,\n 29.118938193358844\n ],\n [\n -89.69005114637018,\n 29.674646712251956\n ],\n [\n -90.48248147473386,\n 29.674646712251956\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vincent, Sophie","contributorId":355962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincent","given":"Sophie","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Carol","contributorId":302654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Carol","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snedden, Gregg A. 0000-0001-7821-3709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-3709","contributorId":212275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snedden","given":"Gregg","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quirk, Tracy","contributorId":208063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quirk","given":"Tracy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37701,"text":"Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266054,"text":"70266054 - 2025 - Confluence of time and space: An innovation for quantifying dynamics of hydrologic floodplain connectivity with remote sensing and GIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:39:19.215206","indexId":"70266054","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T08:46:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Confluence of time and space: An innovation for quantifying dynamics of hydrologic floodplain connectivity with remote sensing and GIS","docAbstract":"Hydrologic connectivity is a crucial determinant of aquatic ecosystem services, governing the exchange of nutrients, sediments, chemicals, and biota. Various indices and metrics exist for quantifying hydrologic connectivity across diverse environments and scales. However, existing methodologies often fail to adequately capture lateral connectivity between floodplain lakes and streams across vast, low-relief, multi-lake floodplain systems. This study introduces a novel approach for quantifying lateral hydrologic connectivity specifically tailored for floodplain lakes connecting to streams within the expansive floodplain of the Lower Mississippi River. This approach centers on the spatial and temporal intersection of lakes and streams, leveraging remote sensing and GIS data to estimate nine distinct metrics of hydrologic connectivity. To assess the reliability of the method, the study estimated connectivity metrics for 92 randomly selected floodplain lakes, comprising 53 lakes connected to large streams (Strahler order >7), 13 lakes connected to medium (order 4-6) streams, and 26 lakes connected to small (order 1-3) streams. As expected, there was significant variability in hydrologic connectivity across different stream size classes. The outlined approach contributes valuable insights into the hydrologic connectivity of floodplain lakes and offers a generalizable framework applicable to other floodplains. Its versatility makes it a practical tool for understanding connectivity requirements for biota and facilitating applications in conservation and water resources management. Thus, this work represents a meaningful step toward advancing our understanding of lateral hydrologic connectivity dynamics in complex aquatic ecosystems.\n ","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.4426","usgsCitation":"Ahmad, H., Miranda, L.E., Dunn, C.G., Boudreau, M., Colvin, M., and Dash, P., 2025, Confluence of time and space: An innovation for quantifying dynamics of hydrologic floodplain connectivity with remote sensing and GIS: River Research and Applications, v. 41, no. 5, p. 1014-1029, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4426.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1014","endPage":"1029","ipdsId":"IP-166779","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River floodplain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.70569886340942,\n 35.378193533513624\n ],\n [\n -91.48523796505039,\n 33.22134089549405\n ],\n [\n -91.97295509476544,\n 30.945728873306038\n ],\n [\n -91.04203402054121,\n 30.941053928057386\n ],\n [\n -90.92591403794623,\n 31.351716726235846\n ],\n [\n -90.60384187137875,\n 33.59410666110667\n ],\n [\n -89.14760247281004,\n 36.80807080526803\n ],\n [\n -90.70569886340942,\n 35.378193533513624\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahmad, Hafez","contributorId":353774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahmad","given":"Hafez","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunn, Corey Garland 0000-0002-7102-2165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-2165","contributorId":288691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"Garland","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boudreau, Melanie R.","contributorId":353778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boudreau","given":"Melanie R.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colvin, Michael E.","contributorId":264842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colvin","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dash, Padmanava 0000-0003-3851-6830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6830","contributorId":297903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dash","given":"Padmanava","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64445,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, US","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70264040,"text":"70264040 - 2025 - Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 in double-crested cormorants (Nannopterum auritum) of the Chesapeake Bay, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T14:49:29.252868","indexId":"70264040","displayToPublicDate":"2025-02-06T08:00:32","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 in double-crested cormorants (Nannopterum auritum) of the Chesapeake Bay, USA","docAbstract":"Double-crested Cormorants (Nannopterum auritum) have historically exhibited low levels of infection and antibodies to avian influenza virus (AIV). The recent global expansion of clade 2.3.4.4b A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) has resulted in large-scale mortalities across diverse waterbird taxa including cormorants. We sampled 32 and 29 Double-crested Cormorants breeding in the Chesapeake Bay, US, during the summers of 2023 and 2024, respectively, to assess HPAI H5N1 infection and AIV antibodies. Although no mortality was observed in the area, one bird sampled in 2023 was infected with HPAI H5N1. Additionally, 21/31 individuals in 2023 and 10/25 individuals in 2024 for which sera were collected had AIV antibodies. Based on additional testing using hemagglutination inhibition, virus neutralization, and an enzyme-linked lectin assay, 94 and 100% (2023 and 2024, respectively) of the seropositive birds tested positive for antibodies to both H5 and N1, suggesting previous infection with HPAI H5N1. These results are consistent with survival and limited clinical effects related to HPAI H5N1 infections. Furthermore, these results suggest that population immunity to HPAI H5N1 within the Chesapeake Bay might reduce future infections and potential population impacts should HP H5N1 remain on the landscape, though immunity may be waning across time. Because results are based on a single population, additional testing for both infection and antibodies as well as continued monitoring could enhance understanding of antibody persistence.
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Light detection and ranging (lidar) data are used to support infrastructure planning and management, assess natural resources, and improve resiliency to hazards. The expanding availability of current and more accurate lidar data helps to better support natural resource conservation, wildfire risk management, geologic hazard investigation and mitigation, flood risk management, water supply planning, and urban planning and development. Critical applications that meet the State’s management needs depend on lidar data that provide a highly detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of the Earth’s surface and aboveground features.
The 3D Elevation Program is managed by the U.S. Geological Survey in partnership with Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies to acquire consistent lidar coverage at quality level 2 or better to meet the many needs of the Nation and Utah. The status of available and in-progress 3DEP baseline lidar data in Utah is shown in figure 1. 3DEP baseline lidar data include quality level 2 or better, 1-meter or better digital elevation models, and lidar point clouds, and must meet the Lidar Base Specification version 1.2 (https://www.usgs.gov/3dep/lidarspec) or newer requirements. The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment identified user requirements and conservatively estimated that availability of lidar data would result in at least $8.70 million in new benefits annually to the State. The top 10 Utah business uses for 3D elevation data, which are based on the estimated annual conservative benefits of 3DEP, are shown in table 2.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 511
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"