{"pageNumber":"91","pageRowStart":"2250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":70034092,"text":"70034092 - 2009 - Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and B cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Sediment-clast breccias, 1096 to 444 m depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:42:51","indexId":"70034092","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and B cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Sediment-clast breccias, 1096 to 444 m depth","docAbstract":"<div class=\"book-chapter-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-BookSectionsText widget-instance-BookChaptertext\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"BookSectionsText\"><div class=\"category-section clearfix content-section \"><p>The Eyreville A and B cores, recovered from the “moat” of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, provide a thick section of sediment-clast breccias and minor stratified sediments from 1095.74 to 443.90 m. This paper discusses the components of these breccias, presents a geologic column and descriptive lithologic framework for them, and formalizes the Exmore Formation. From 1095.74 to ~867 m, the cores consist of nonmarine sediment boulders and sand (rare blocks up to 15.3 m intersected diameter). A sharp contact in both cores at ~867 m marks the lowest clayey, silty, glauconitic quartz sand that constitutes the base of the Exmore Formation and its lower diamicton member. Here, material derived from the upper sediment target layers, as well as some impact ejecta, occurs. The block-dominated member of the Exmore Formation, from ~855–618.23 m, consists of nonmarine sediment blocks and boulders (up to 45.5 m) that are juxtaposed complexly. Blocks of oxidized clay are an important component. Above 618.23 m, which is the base of the informal upper diamicton member of the Exmore Formation, the glauconitic matrix is a consistent component in diamicton layers between nonmarine sediment clasts that decrease in size upward in the section. Crystalline-rock clasts are not randomly distributed but rather form local concentrations. The upper part of the Exmore Formation consists of crudely fining-upward sandy packages capped by laminated silt and clay. The overlap interval of Eyreville A and B (940–~760 m) allows recognition of local similarities and differences in the breccias.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(03)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Powars, D.S., Gohn, G., and Dypvik, H., 2009, Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and B cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Sediment-clast breccias, 1096 to 444 m depth: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 51-89, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(03).","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1937e4b0c8380cd558f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory 0000-0003-2000-479X ggohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-479X","contributorId":219822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dypvik, H.","contributorId":104299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dypvik","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035454,"text":"70035454 - 2009 - Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035454","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids","docAbstract":"We document reproductive life history traits of the Three-striped Warbler (Basileuterus tristriatus) from 146 nests in Venezuela and compare our results to data from the literature for other tropical and temperate parulid species. Mean (?? SE) clutch size was 1.96 ?? 0.03 eggs (n = 96) and fresh egg mass was 2.09 ?? 0.02 g. The incubation period was 15.8 ?? 0.2 days (n = 23) and the nestling period was 10.5 ?? 0.3 days (n = 12). Males did not incubate and rarely provided food for females during incubation. Females had 57 ?? 2% (n = 49) nest attentiveness (% of time on the nest incubating), which caused egg temperature to commonly become cold relative to development. Both adults fed nestlings and feeding rates increased with nestling age. The growth rate constant for nestlings based on mass was K 0.490, which is slower than for north temperate warblers. Predation was the primary source of nest failure and only 22% of nests were successful based on a Mayfield daily predation rate of 0.048 ?? 0.006. Our literature review indicates parulids differ strongly in life histories between temperate and tropical/subtropical sites with species in the tropics having, on average, smaller clutches, longer incubation periods, lower nest attentiveness, longer off-bouts, and longer nestling periods. ?? 2009 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/08-133.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Cox, W., and Martin, T.E., 2009, Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 121, no. 4, p. 667-678, https://doi.org/10.1676/08-133.1.","startPage":"667","endPage":"678","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/08-133.1"}],"volume":"121","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f25fe4b0c8380cd4b141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, W.A.","contributorId":42448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035445,"text":"70035445 - 2009 - Paleontological interpretations of crater processes and infilling of synimpact sediments from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:38:37","indexId":"70035445","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleontological interpretations of crater processes and infilling of synimpact sediments from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","docAbstract":"<p>Biostratigraphic analysis of sedimentary breccias and diamictons in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure provides information regarding the timing and processes of late-stage gravitational crater collapse and ocean resurge. Studies of calcareous nannofossil and palynomorph assemblages in the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Eyreville A and B cores show the mixed-age, mixed-preservation microfossil assemblages that are typical of deposits from the upper part of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. Sparse, poorly preserved, possibly thermally altered pollen is present within a gravelly sand interval below the granite slab at 1392 m in Eyreville core B, an interval that is otherwise barren of calcareous nannofossils and dinocysts. Gravitational collapse of watersaturated sediments from the transient crater wall resulted in the deposition of sediment clasts primarily derived from the nonmarine Cretaceous Potomac Formation. Collapse occurred before the arrival of resurge. Low pollen Thermal Alteration Index (TAI) values suggest that these sediments were not thermally altered by contact with the melt sheet. The arrival of resurge sedimentation is identified based on the presence of diamicton zones and stringers rich in glauconite and marine microfossils at 866.7 m. This horizon can be traced across the crater and can be used to identify gravitational collapse versus ocean-resurge sedimentation. Glauconitic quartz sand diamicton dominates the sediments above 618.2 m. Calcareous nannofossil and dinoflagellate data from this interval suggest that the earliest arriving resurge from the west contained little or no Cretaceous marine input, but later resurge pulses mined Cretaceous sediments east of the Watkins core in the annular trough. Additionally, the increased distance traveled by resurge to the central crater in turbulent flow conditions resulted in the disaggregation of Paleogene unconsolidated sediments. As a result, intact Paleogene clasts in Eyreville cores are rare, but clasts of semilithified Potomac Formation silts and clays are common.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(28)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Self-Trail, J., Edwards, L.E., and Litwin, R.J., 2009, Paleontological interpretations of crater processes and infilling of synimpact sediments from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 633-654, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(28).","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7435e4b0c8380cd774ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Litwin, Ronald J. 0000-0002-8661-1296 rlitwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-1296","contributorId":2478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litwin","given":"Ronald","email":"rlitwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035441,"text":"70035441 - 2009 - Silicate glasses and sulfide melts in the ICDP-USGS Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035441","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silicate glasses and sulfide melts in the ICDP-USGS Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Optical and electron-beam petrography of melt-rich suevite and melt-rock clasts from selected samples from the Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, reveal a variety of silicate glasses and coexisting sulfur-rich melts, now quenched to various sulfi de minerals (??iron). The glasses show a wide variety of textures, fl ow banding, compositions, devitrifi cation, and hydration states. Electron-microprobe analyses yield a compositional range of glasses from high SiO<sub>2</sub> (&gt;90 wt%) through a range of lower SiO<sub>2</sub> (55-75 wt%) with no relationship to depth of sample. Some samples show spherical globules of different composition with sharp menisci, suggesting immiscibility at the time of quenching. Isotropic globules of higher interfacial tension glass (64 wt% SiO<sub>2</sub>) are in sharp contact with lower-surface-tension, high-silica glass (95 wt% SiO<sub>2</sub>). Immiscible glass-pair composition relationships show that the immiscibility is not stable and probably represents incomplete mixing. Devitrifi cation varies and some low-silica, high-iron glasses appear to have formed Fe-rich smectite; other glass compositions have formed rapid quench textures of corundum, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, magnetite, K-feldspar, plagioclase, chrome-spinel, and hercynite. Hydration (H<sub>2</sub>O by difference) varies from ~10 wt% to essentially anhydrous; high-SiO<sub>2</sub> glasses tend to contain less H2O. Petrographic relationships show decomposition of pyrite and melting of pyrrhotite through the transformation series; pyrite? pyrrhotite? troilite??? iron. Spheres (~1 to ~50 ??m) of quenched immiscible sulfi de melt in silicate glass show a range of compositions and include phases such as pentlandite, chalcopyrite, Ni-As, monosulfi de solid solution, troilite, and rare Ni-Fe. Other sulfi de spheres contain small blebs of pure iron and exhibit a continuum with increasing iron content to spheres that consist of pure iron with small, remnant blebs of Fe-sulfi de. The Ni-rich sulfi de phases can be explained by melting and/or concentrating targetderived Ni without requiring an asteroid impactor source component. The presence of locally unaltered glasses in these rocks suggests that in some rock volumes, isolation from postimpact hydrothermal systems was suffi cient for glass preservation. Pressure and temperature indicators suggest that, on a thin-section scale, the suevites record rapid mixing and accumulation of particles that sustained widely different peak temperatures, from clasts that never exceeded 300 ?? 50 ??C, to the bulk of the glasses where melted sulfi de and unmelted monazite suggest temperatures of 1500 ?? 200 ??C. The presence of coesite in some glass-bearing samples suggests that pressures exceeded ~3 GPa. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(20)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Belkin, H., and Horton, J.W., 2009, Silicate glasses and sulfide melts in the ICDP-USGS Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 447-468, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(20).","startPage":"447","endPage":"468","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215468,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(20)"},{"id":243276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f35e4b08c986b318dc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":81184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035371,"text":"70035371 - 2009 - What you should know about land-cover data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T15:07:42","indexId":"70035371","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What you should know about land-cover data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildlife biologists are using land-characteristics data sets for a variety of applications. Many kinds of landscape variables have been characterized and the resultant data sets or maps are readily accessible. Often, too little consideration is given to the accuracy or traits of these data sets, most likely because biologists do not know how such data are compiled and rendered, or the potential pitfalls that can be encountered when applying these data. To increase understanding of the nature of land-characteristics data sets, I introduce aspects of source information and data-handling methodology that include the following: ambiguity of land characteristics; temporal considerations and the dynamic nature of the landscape; type of source data versus landscape features of interest; data resolution, scale, and geographic extent; data entry and positional problems; rare landscape features; and interpreter variation. I also include guidance for determining the quality of land-characteristics data sets through metadata or published documentation, visual clues, and independent information. The quality or suitability of the data sets for wildlife applications may be improved with thematic or spatial generalization, avoidance of transitional areas on maps, and merging of multiple data sources. Knowledge of the underlying challenges in compiling such data sets will help wildlife biologists to better assess the strengths and limitations and determine how best to use these data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2007-509","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Gallant, A.L., 2009, What you should know about land-cover data: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 5, p. 796-805, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-509.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"796","endPage":"805","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215285,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-509"}],"volume":"73","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd047e4b08c986b32ed7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637 gallant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":2940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"gallant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035320,"text":"70035320 - 2009 - Widespread occurrence of the chytrid fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on oregon spotted frogs (rana pretiosa)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:36:34","indexId":"70035320","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread occurrence of the chytrid fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on oregon spotted frogs (rana pretiosa)","docAbstract":"The pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been associated with amphibian declines in multiple continents, including western North America. We investigated Bd prevalence in Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa), a species that has declined across its range in the Pacific Northwest. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of skin swabs indicated that Bd was prevalent within populations (420 of 617 juvenile and adults) and widespread among populations (36 of 36 sites) where we sampled R. pretiosa in Oregon and Washington. We rarely detected Bd in R. pretiosa larvae (2 of 72). Prevalence of Bd in postmetamorphic R. pretiosa was inversely related to frog size. We found support for an interactive effect of elevation and sampling date on Bd: prevalence of Bd generally increased with date, but this effect was more pronounced at lower elevations. We also found evidence that the body condition of juvenile R. pretiosa with Bd decreased after their first winter. Our data indicate that some Oregon spotted frog populations are currently persisting with relatively high Bd prevalence, but the risk posed by Bd is unknown. ?? 2010 International Association for Ecology and Health.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"EcoHealth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10393-009-0237-x","issn":"16129202","usgsCitation":"Pearl, C., Bowerman, J., Adams, M., and Chelgren, N., 2009, Widespread occurrence of the chytrid fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on oregon spotted frogs (rana pretiosa): EcoHealth, v. 6, no. 2, p. 209-218, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-009-0237-x.","startPage":"209","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215521,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-009-0237-x"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0b6e4b08c986b32effe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearl, C.A. 0000-0003-2943-7321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":30732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowerman, J.","contributorId":94824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowerman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, M.J. 0000-0001-8844-042X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":30183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chelgren, N.D. 0000-0003-0944-9165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-9165","contributorId":13387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chelgren","given":"N.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035305,"text":"70035305 - 2009 - Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035305","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1593,"text":"European Journal of Mineralogy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides","docAbstract":"Coesite-bearing zircon formed at ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) conditions share general characteristics of eclogite-facies zircon with trace-element signatures characterized by depleted heavy rare earth elements (HREE), lack of an Eu anomaly, and low Th/ U ratios. Trace-element signatures of zircons from the Caledonian UHP terrane in North-East Greenland were used to examine the possible changes in signature with age during exhumation. Collection and interpretation of age and trace-element analyses of zircon from three samples of quartzofeldspathic gneiss and two leucocratic intrusions were guided by core vs. rim zoning patterns as imaged by cathodoluminesence. Change from igneous to eclogite-facies metamorphic trace-element signature in protolith zircon is characterized by gradual depletion of HREE, whereas newly formed metamorphic rims have flat HREE patterns and REE concentrations that are distinct from the recrystallized inherited cores. The signature associated with eclogite-facies metamorphic zircon is observed in coesite-bearing zircon formed at 358 ?? 4 Ma, metamorphic rims formed at 348 ?? 5 Ma during the initial stages of exhumation, and metamorphic rims formed at 337 ?? 5 Ma. Zircons from a garnet-bearing granite emplaced in the neck of an eclogite boudin and a leucocratic dike that cross-cuts amphibolite-facies structural fabrics have steeply sloping HREE patterns, variably developed negative Eu anomalies, and low Th/U ratios. The granite records initial decompression melting and exhumation at 347 ?? 2 Ma and later zircon rim growth at 329 ?? 5. The leucocratic dike was likely emplaced at amphibolite-facies conditions at 330 ?? 2 Ma, but records additional growth of compositionally similar zircon at 321 ??2 Ma. The difference between the trace-element signature of metamorphic zircon in the gneisses and in part coeval leucocratic intrusions indicates that the zircon signature varies as a function of lithology and context, thus enhancing its ability to aid in the interpretation of U-Pb data and track the exhumation history of UHP terranes. The differences may reflect variation in elemental availability through breakdown reactions in quartzofeldpathic gneiss vs. availability during melt production and/or crystallization. UHP rocks in North-East Greenland began exhumation by 347 ?? 2 Ma, were still at HP eclogite-facies conditions at 337 ?? 5 Ma and were at amphibolite-facies conditions by 330 ?? 2 Ma. ?? 2009 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"European Journal of Mineralogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000","issn":"09351221","usgsCitation":"McClelland, W., Gilotti, J.A., Mazdab, F., and Wooden, J.L., 2009, Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 21, no. 6, p. 1135-1148, https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000.","startPage":"1135","endPage":"1148","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215308,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb682e4b08c986b326ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClelland, W.C.","contributorId":66929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilotti, J. A.","contributorId":15776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilotti","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazdab, F.K.","contributorId":11650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"F.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032597,"text":"70032597 - 2009 - Influence of diet of double-crested cormorants on thiamine, lead, and mineral contents of their eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T13:25:19","indexId":"70032597","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of diet of double-crested cormorants on thiamine, lead, and mineral contents of their eggs","docAbstract":"Throughout much of the Great Lakes basin, reproduction of several fish species is impaired by deficiency of thiamine in their eggs, an effect attributed to consumption of thiaminase-containing forage species, primarily alewife (<i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i>). Because the double-crested cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i>) nesting on islands in Lake Ontario is known to consume considerable amounts of alewife, we examined cormorant food habits and measured thiamine content in eggs collected in 1999 from six separate nests of cormorants from colonies near Lake Ontario and contrasted them with food habits and eggs of cormorants from Oneida Lake where the alewife is rare. Thiamine concentrations in eggs varied between 4.31 and 11.24 nmoles/g with no significant (<i>P</i>>0.18) difference between mean concentrations for Lake Ontario and Oneida Lake (8.08 vs 8.36 nmoles/g) even though alewife comprised approximately 65 vs 0 % of their diets, respectively. Consumption of other thiaminase-containing species was minor in both lakes. Therefore, consumption of alewife and other thiaminase containing fishes by cormorants on Lake Ontario did not appear to significantly impair the levels of thiamine in their eggs. However, we found that the concentration of thiamine in eggs (T; nmoles/g) was inversely related (<i>P</i><0.02) to lead (Pb) concentration (µg/g) according to the equation: T = -3.142 Pb + 16.25. This relationship may reflect the known ability of thiamine to chelate lead and increase its excretion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02705","usgsCitation":"Ketola, H.G., Johnson, J.H., Adams, C., and Farquhar, J., 2009, Influence of diet of double-crested cormorants on thiamine, lead, and mineral contents of their eggs: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 24, no. 1, p. 39-43.","startPage":"39","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b23e4b0c8380cd62271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketola, H. G.","contributorId":60976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, J. H.","contributorId":54914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, C.M.","contributorId":36483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farquhar, J.F.","contributorId":52409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farquhar","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036744,"text":"70036744 - 2009 - Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036744","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest","docAbstract":"Throughout Pinus ponderosa-Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of the southern Colorado Front Range, USA, intense logging and domestic grazing began at the time of Euro-American settlement in the late 1800s and continued until the early 1900s. We investigated the long-term impacts of these settlement-era activities on understory plant communities by comparing understory composition at a historically logged and grazed site to that of an environmentally similar site which was protected from past use. We found that species richness and cover within functional groups rarely differed between sites in either upland or riparian areas. Multivariate analyses revealed little difference in species composition between sites on uplands, though compositional differences were apparent in riparian zones. Our findings suggest that settlement-era logging and grazing have had only minor long-term impacts on understories of upland Front Range P. ponderosa-P. menziesii forests, though they have had a greater long-term influence on riparian understories, where these activities were likely the most intense. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Plant Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z","issn":"13850237","usgsCitation":"Fornwalt, P., Kaufmann, M., Huckaby, L.S., and Stohlgren, T., 2009, Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest: Plant Ecology, v. 203, no. 1, p. 99-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z.","startPage":"99","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z"}],"volume":"203","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a077ae4b0c8380cd516fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fornwalt, P.J.","contributorId":77486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornwalt","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaufmann, M. R.","contributorId":77878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufmann","given":"M. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huckaby, L. S.","contributorId":92622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckaby","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036687,"text":"70036687 - 2009 - Visualizing fossilization using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry maps of trace elements in Late Cretaceous bones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70036687","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visualizing fossilization using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry maps of trace elements in Late Cretaceous bones","docAbstract":"Elemental maps generated by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) provide a previously unavailable high-resolution visualization of the complex physicochemical conditions operating within individual bones during the early stages of diagenesis and fossilization. A selection of LA-ICP-MS maps of bones collected from the Late Cretaceous of Montana (United States) and Madagascar graphically illustrate diverse paths to recrystallization, and reveal unique insights into geochemical aspects of taphonomic history. Some bones show distinct gradients in concentrations of rare earth elements and uranium, with highest concentrations at external bone margins. Others exhibit more intricate patterns of trace element uptake related to bone histology and its control on the flow paths of pore waters. Patterns of element uptake as revealed by LA-ICP-MS maps can be used to guide sampling strategies, and call into question previous studies that hinge upon localized bulk samples of fossilized bone tissue. LA-ICP-MS maps also allow for comparison of recrystallization rates among fossil bones, and afford a novel approach to identifying bones or regions of bones potentially suitable for extracting intact biogeochemical signals. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G25551A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Koenig, A., Rogers, R., and Trueman, C., 2009, Visualizing fossilization using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry maps of trace elements in Late Cretaceous bones: Geology, v. 37, no. 6, p. 511-514, https://doi.org/10.1130/G25551A.1.","startPage":"511","endPage":"514","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217792,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G25551A.1"},{"id":245761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc299e4b08c986b32ac4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, R.R.","contributorId":14228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trueman, C.N.","contributorId":73443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trueman","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037340,"text":"70037340 - 2009 - The geologic relationships of industrial mineral deposits and asbestos in the western united states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037340","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The geologic relationships of industrial mineral deposits and asbestos in the western united states","docAbstract":"In recent years, U.S. regulatory agencies have placed emphasis on identifying and regulating asbestos dust exposures in the mining environment, with a particular focus upon industrial mineral deposits in which asbestos occurs as an accessory mineral. Because asbestos minerals form in specific geologic environments, only certain predictable types of industrial mineral deposits can potentially host asbestos mineralization. By applying a basic knowledge of asbestos geology, the costly and time consuming efforts of asbestos monitoring and analyses can be directed towards those mineral deposit types most likely to contain asbestos mineralogy, while saving efforts on the mineral deposits that are unlikely to contain asbestos. While the vast majority of industrial mineral deposits in the Western United States are asbestos-free, there are several types that can, in some instances, host asbestos mineralization, or be closely associated with it. These industrial mineral deposits include a few types of aggregate, dimension, and decorative stone, and some deposits of chromite-nickel, magnesite, nepheline syenite, olivine, rare earth elements, talc, vermiculite, and wollastonite.","largerWorkTitle":"SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009","conferenceTitle":"SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009","conferenceDate":"22 February 2009 through 25 February 2009","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","isbn":"9781615671533","usgsCitation":"VanGosen, B., 2009, The geologic relationships of industrial mineral deposits and asbestos in the western united states, <i>in</i> SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009, v. 1, Denver, CO, 22 February 2009 through 25 February 2009, p. 392-397.","startPage":"392","endPage":"397","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac5ae4b08c986b32343d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanGosen, B.S.","contributorId":66714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanGosen","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035201,"text":"70035201 - 2009 - Fine sediment affects on survival to emergence of robust redhorse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035201","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine sediment affects on survival to emergence of robust redhorse","docAbstract":"Robust redhorse (Moxostoma robustum) is a rare riverine sucker for which life history information is scarce. Spawning occurs over loose gravel substrate and eggs and larvae may be adversely affected by fine sediments among the gravel. A 2-year study was conducted to determine the threshold at which fine sediments are detrimental to successful egg incubation and larval emergence. Year 1 gravel treatments contained 0, 25, 50, and 75% fine sediments. Mean survival during Year 1 ranged from 63.5% in the 0% fine sediment treatment to 0% in the 75% fine sediment treatment. The results also indicated an adverse affect threshold between 0 and 25% fine sediment. Year 2 gravel treatments contained 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% fine sediments. Mean survival during Year 2 ranged from 69.8% in the 0% treatment to 9.1% in the 25% treatment. Year 2 results also identified the 15% fine sediment treatment as the threshold at which survival began to decline. Substrates at one known spawning area used by robust redhorse typically contain 25 to 50% fine sediment, but the spawning act cleans some fines from the egg pocket. Whether the \"cleaning\" that results from the spawning act reduces the fines sufficiently to avoid adverse effects is unknown. According to our results, survival rates of robust redhorse eggs and larvae are predicted to be about 8.0% or less when fine sediment is >25%. ?? US Government 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-009-9561-9","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Jennings, C., Dilts, E., Shelton, J., and Peterson, R.C., 2009, Fine sediment affects on survival to emergence of robust redhorse: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 87, no. 1, p. 43-53, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-009-9561-9.","startPage":"43","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215213,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-009-9561-9"},{"id":243000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1021e4b0c8380cd53b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A.","contributorId":38504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dilts, E.W.","contributorId":38799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dilts","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelton, J.L. Jr.","contributorId":90850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"J.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Ronald C.","contributorId":103070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037370,"text":"70037370 - 2009 - The puzzle of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake: no volumetric component in the source mechanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:04:37","indexId":"70037370","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The puzzle of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake: no volumetric component in the source mechanism","docAbstract":"<p><span>A volcanic earthquake with&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>&nbsp;5.6 occurred beneath the B&aacute;rdarbunga caldera in Iceland on 29 September 1996. This earthquake is one of a decade-long sequence of&nbsp;</span><span id=\"inline-formula-1\" class=\"inline-formula\"><img class=\"inline-graphic\" src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/content/99/5/3077/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif\" alt=\"Graphic\" /></span><span>&nbsp;events at B&aacute;rdarbunga with non-double-couple mechanisms in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog. Fortunately, it was recorded well by the regional-scale Iceland Hotspot Project seismic experiment. We investigated the event with a complete moment tensor inversion method using regional long-period seismic waveforms and a composite structural model. The moment tensor inversion using data from stations of the Iceland Hotspot Project yields a non-double-couple solution with a 67% vertically oriented compensated linear vector dipole component, a 32% double-couple component, and a statistically insignificant (2%) volumetric (isotropic) contraction. This indicates the absence of a net volumetric component, which is puzzling in the case of a large volcanic earthquake that apparently is not explained by shear slip on a planar fault. A possible volcanic mechanism that can produce an earthquake without a volumetric component involves two offset sources with similar but opposite volume changes. We show that although such a model cannot be ruled out, the circumstances under which it could happen are rare.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080361","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Tkalcic, H., Dreger, D.S., Foulger, G.R., and Julian, B.R., 2009, The puzzle of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake: no volumetric component in the source mechanism: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 5, p. 3077-3085, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080361.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"3077","endPage":"3085","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010998","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217177,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080361"}],"country":"Iceland","otherGeospatial":"Bardarbunga","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -18.6328125,\n              64.31611045403284\n            ],\n            [\n              -18.6328125,\n              64.92354174306496\n            ],\n            [\n              -16.820068359375,\n              64.92354174306496\n            ],\n            [\n              -16.820068359375,\n              64.31611045403284\n            ],\n            [\n              -18.6328125,\n              64.31611045403284\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"99","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baedfe4b08c986b3243ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tkalcic, Hrvoje","contributorId":70569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tkalcic","given":"Hrvoje","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dreger, Douglas S.","contributorId":55600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dreger","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6643,"text":"University of California - Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foulger, Gillian R.","contributorId":34796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foulger","given":"Gillian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Julian, Bruce R.","contributorId":50063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032786,"text":"70032786 - 2009 - Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032786","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California","docAbstract":"Aim: Several studies have found that more accurate predictive models of species' occurrences can be developed for rarer species; however, one recent study found the relationship between range size and model performance to be an artefact of sample prevalence, that is, the proportion of presence versus absence observations in the data used to train the model. We examined the effect of model type, species rarity class, species' survey frequency, detectability and manipulated sample prevalence on the accuracy of distribution models developed for 30 reptile and amphibian species. Location: Coastal southern California, USA. Methods: Classification trees, generalized additive models and generalized linear models were developed using species presence and absence data from 420 locations. Model performance was measured using sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plot based on twofold cross-validation, or on bootstrapping. Predictors included climate, terrain, soil and vegetation variables. Species were assigned to rarity classes by experts. The data were sampled to generate subsets with varying ratios of presences and absences to test for the effect of sample prevalence. Join count statistics were used to characterize spatial dependence in the prediction errors. Results: Species in classes with higher rarity were more accurately predicted than common species, and this effect was independent of sample prevalence. Although positive spatial autocorrelation remained in the prediction errors, it was weaker than was observed in the species occurrence data. The differences in accuracy among model types were slight. Main conclusions: Using a variety of modelling methods, more accurate species distribution models were developed for rarer than for more common species. This was presumably because it is difficult to discriminate suitable from unsuitable habitat for habitat generalists, and not as an artefact of the effect of sample prevalence on model estimation. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x","issn":"13669","usgsCitation":"Franklin, J., Wejnert, K., Hathaway, S., Rochester, C., and Fisher, R., 2009, Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California: Diversity and Distributions, v. 15, no. 1, p. 167-177, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x.","startPage":"167","endPage":"177","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487763,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213648,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x"},{"id":241296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a060ae4b0c8380cd510be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, J.","contributorId":81546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wejnert, K.E.","contributorId":30048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wejnert","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hathaway, S.A.","contributorId":56990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rochester, C.J.","contributorId":93851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochester","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036834,"text":"70036834 - 2009 - Palaeoseismology of the Vilariça segment of the Manteigas-Bragança fault in northeastern Portugal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T10:50:04","indexId":"70036834","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Palaeoseismology of the Vilariça segment of the Manteigas-Bragança fault in northeastern Portugal","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Manteigas-Bragan&ccedil;a fault is a major, 250-km-long, NNE-striking, sinistral strike-slip structure in northern Portugal. This fault has no historical seismicity for large earthquakes, although it may have generated moderate (M5+) earthquakes in 1751 and 1858. Evidence of continued left horizontal displacement is shown by the presence of Cenozoic pull-apart basins as well as late Quaternary stream deflections. To investigate its recent slip history, a number of trenches were excavated at three sites along the Vilari&ccedil;a segment, north and south of the Douro River. At one site at Vale Me&atilde;o winery, the occurrence of at least two and probably three events in the past 14.5 ka was determined, suggesting an average return period of about 5&ndash;7 ka. All three events appear to have occurred as a cluster in the interval between 14.5 and 11 ka, or shortly thereafter, suggesting a return period of less than 2 ka between events within the cluster. In the same area, a small offset rill suggests 2&ndash;2.5 m of slip in the most recent event and about 6.1 m after incision below a&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>. 16 ka alluvial fill event along the Douro River. At another site along the Vilari&ccedil;a River alluvial plain, NE of the Vale Me&atilde;o site, several trenches were excavated in late Pleistocene and Holocene alluvium, and exposed the fault displacing channel deposits dated to between 18 and 23 ka. In a succession of closely spaced parallel cuts and trenches, the channel riser was traced into and across the fault to resolve&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>. 6.5 m of displacement after 18 ka and&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>. 9 m of slip after&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>. 23 ka. These observations yield a slip rate of 0.3&ndash;0.5 mm/a, which is consistent with earlier estimates. Combining the information on timing at Vale Me&atilde;o winery and displacement at Vilari&ccedil;a argues for earthquakes in the M7+ range, with coseismic displacements of 2&ndash;3 m. This demonstrates that there are potential seismic sources in Portugal that are not associated with the 1755 Lisbon earthquake or the Tagus Valley, and, although rare, large events on the Vilari&ccedil;a fault could be quite destructive for the region. This work provides an analogue for the study of active faulting in intracontinental settings and supports the view that earthquakes within intracontinental settings tend to cluster in time. In addition, this study highlights the usefulness and application of multiple field, remote sensing and geochronological techniques for seismic hazard mitigation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1144/SP316.15","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, T., Fonseca, J., Madden, C., Dawson, T., Owen, L., Vilanova, S., and Figueiredo, P., 2009, Palaeoseismology of the Vilariça segment of the Manteigas-Bragança fault in northeastern Portugal: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 316, p. 237-258, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP316.15.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"258","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217745,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/SP316.15"}],"country":"Portugal","otherGeospatial":"Manteigas - Braganca fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -7.679443359375,\n              40.9052096972736\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.679443359375,\n              41.73852846935917\n            ],\n            [\n              -6.767578125,\n              41.73852846935917\n            ],\n            [\n              -6.767578125,\n              40.9052096972736\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.679443359375,\n              40.9052096972736\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"316","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ace4b0c8380cd771a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Thomas","contributorId":58810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fonseca, Joao","contributorId":7945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonseca","given":"Joao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madden, Chris","contributorId":102719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, Tim","contributorId":50692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owen, Lewis A.","contributorId":138784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owen","given":"Lewis A.","affiliations":[{"id":6694,"text":"Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vilanova, Susana","contributorId":8316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilanova","given":"Susana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Figueiredo, Paula","contributorId":44394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueiredo","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035191,"text":"70035191 - 2009 - Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T16:20:20","indexId":"70035191","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano","docAbstract":"<p><span>To gain a better understanding of the topographic and landscape evolution of the Cenozoic Sierra Nevada and Basin and Range, we combine geochemical and isotopic age correlations with palaeoaltimetry data from widely distributed ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California. A sequence of Oligocene rhyolitic ignimbrites is preserved across the modern crest of the range and into the western foothills. Using trace and rare earth element geochemical analyses of volcanic glass, these deposits have been correlated to ignimbrites described and isotopically dated in the Walker Lane fault zone and in central Nevada (Henry&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>, 2004, Geologic map of the Dogskin mountain quadrangle; Washoe County, Nevada; Faulds<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>et al.</i><span>, 2005, Geology, v. 33, p. 505–508). Ignimbrite deposits were sampled within the northern Sierra Nevada and western Nevada, and four distinct geochemical compositions were identified. The majority of samples from within the northern Sierra Nevada have compositions similar to the tuffs of Axehandle Canyon or Rattlesnake Canyon, both likely sourced from the same caldera complex in either the Clan Alpine Mountains or the Stillwater Range, or to the tuff of Campbell Creek, sourced from the Desatoya Mountains caldera. New<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar age determinations from these samples of 31.2, 30.9, and 28.7&nbsp;Ma, respectively, support these correlations. Based on an Oligocene palinspastic reconstruction of the region, our results show that ignimbrites travelled over 200&nbsp;km from their source calderas across what is now the crest of the Sierra Nevada, and that during that time, no drainage divide existed between the ignimbrite source calderas in central Nevada and sample locations 200&nbsp;km to the west. Palaeoaltimetry data from Sierra Nevada ignimbrites, based on the hydrogen isotopic composition of hydration water in glass, reflect the effect of a steep western slope on precipitation and indicate that the area had elevations similar to the present-day range. These combined results suggest that source calderas were likely located in a region of high elevation to the east of the Oligocene Sierra Nevada, which had a steep western slope that allowed for the large extent and broad distribution of the ignimbrites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206810902880370","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"Cassel, E.J., Calvert, A.T., and Graham, S.A., 2009, Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano: International Geology Review, v. 51, no. 7-8, p. 723-742, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206810902880370.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"742","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-012618","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215089,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206810902880370"}],"volume":"51","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8f6e4b0c8380cd47fef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cassel, Elizabeth J.","contributorId":198355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cassel","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Stephan A.","contributorId":45902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033805,"text":"70033805 - 2009 - Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and C cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Postimpact sediments, 444 to 0 m depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:43:31","indexId":"70033805","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and C cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Postimpact sediments, 444 to 0 m depth","docAbstract":"<p>A 443.9-m-thick, virtually undisturbed section of postimpact deposits in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure was recovered in the Eyreville A and C cores, Northampton County, Virginia, within the \"moat\" of the structure's central crater. Recovered sediments are mainly fine-grained marine siliciclastics, with the exception of Pleistocene sand, clay, and gravel. The lowest postimpact unit is the upper Eocene Chickahominy Formation (443.9-350.1 m). At 93.8 m, this is the maximum thickness yet recovered for deposits that represent the return to \"normal marine\" sedimentation. The Drummonds Corner beds (informal) and the Old Church Formation are thin Oligocene units present between 350.1 and 344.7 m. Above the Oligocene, there is a more typical Virginia coastal plain succession. The Calvert Formation (344.7-225.4 m) includes a thin lower Miocene part overlain by a much thicker middle Miocene part. From 225.4 to 206.0 m, sediments of the middle Miocene Choptank Formation, rarely reported in the Virginia coastal plain, are present. The thick upper Miocene St. Marys and Eastover Formations (206.0-57.8 m) appear to represent a more complete succession than in the type localities. Correlation with the nearby Kiptopeke core indicates that two Pliocene units are present: Yorktown (57.8-32.2 m) and Chowan River Formations (32.2-18.3 m). Sediments at the top of the section represent an upper Pleistocene channel-fill and are assigned to the Butlers Bluff and Occohannock Members of the Nassawadox Formation (18.3-0.6 m).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(04)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Powars, D.S., Browning, J., McLaughlin, P., Miller, K., Self-Trail J.M., Kulpecz, A., and Elbra, T., 2009, Geologic columns for the ICDP-USGS Eyreville A and C cores, Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Postimpact sediments, 444 to 0 m depth: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 91-114, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(04).","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1938e4b0c8380cd558f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Browning, J.V.","contributorId":18889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, P.P. Jr.","contributorId":68122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"P.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Self-Trail J.M.","contributorId":128180,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Self-Trail J.M.","id":535161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kulpecz, A.A.","contributorId":46672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulpecz","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Elbra, T.","contributorId":79315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elbra","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70035135,"text":"70035135 - 2009 - Mid-Wisconsinan environments on the eastern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035135","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid-Wisconsinan environments on the eastern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Few sites on the eastern Great Plains contain paleobotanical records for the mid-Wisconsin. We report on four sites, two stream cutbanks and two quarry exposures, ranging in age from >50 to ???23.4 ka. The oldest site at >50 ka contains a suite of macrofossils from prairie and disturbed ground habitats, with no representation of trees, indicating an open prairie. By ???38 ka the assemblages include aquatic, wetland, mudflat, and prairie elements with rare specimens of Populus, Betula cf. papyrifera, Salix and at the most northerly site, Picea. This assemblage suggests a prairie/parkland with interspersed marshes, cooler temperatures and increased moisture. Populus and Salix continued to be represented from ???36 to ???29 ka, but the only other taxon was Carex. A hiatus may be present at some time during this interval. After ???29 ka, Picea became dominant on the uplands and it was joined by sedges in local wetlands. At sites near riverine loess sources, loess accumulation began to fill in the wetlands and organic deposition ceased some time after 29 ka. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.021","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Baker, R.G., Bettis, E., Mandel, R., Dorale, J., and Fredlund, G.G., 2009, Mid-Wisconsinan environments on the eastern Great Plains: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 28, no. 9-10, p. 873-889, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.021.","startPage":"873","endPage":"889","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215210,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.021"},{"id":242996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56c3e4b0c8380cd6d7ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, R. G.","contributorId":96326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mandel, R.D.","contributorId":58000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandel","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorale, J.A.","contributorId":33939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorale","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fredlund, G. G.","contributorId":53568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredlund","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036857,"text":"70036857 - 2009 - Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036857","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)","docAbstract":"Crystals of titanite can be readily grown under ambient pressure from a mixture of CaO, TiO<sub>2</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> in the presence of molten sodium tetraborate. The crystals produced are euhedral and prismatic, lustrous and transparent, and up to 5 mm in length. Titanite obtained by this method contains approximately 4300 ppm Na and 220 ppm B contributed from the flux. In addition to dopant-free material, titanite containing trace alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Sr, Ba), transition metals (Sc, Cr, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta), rare-earth elements (REE), actinides (Th, U) and p-block elements (F, S, Cl, Ge, Sn and Pb) have been prepared using the same procedure. Back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging accompanied by ion-microprobe (SHRIMP-RG) analysis confirms significant incorporation of selected trace-elements at structural sites. Regardless of some zonation, the large size of the crystals and broad regions of chemical homogeneity make these crystals useful as experimental starting material, and as matrix-matched trace-element standards for a variety of microbeam analytical techniques where amorphous titanite glass, heterogeneous natural titanite or a non-titanite standard may be less than satisfactory. Trace-element-doped synthetic crystals can also provide a convenient proxy for a better understanding of trace-element incorporation in natural titanite. Comparisons with igneous, authigenic and high-temperature metasomatic titanite are examined. The use of high-mass-resolution SIMS also demonstrates the analytical challenges inherent to any in situ mass-spectrometry-based analysis of titanite, owing to the production of difficult-to-resolve molecular interferences. These interferences are dominated by Ca-Ca, Ca-Ti and Ti-Ti dimers that are significant in the mass range of 80-100, affecting all isotopes of Sr and Zr, as well as <sup>89</sup>Y and <sup>93</sup>Nb. Methods do exist for the evaluation of interferences by these dimers and of polyatomic interferences on the LREE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3749/canmin.47.4.813","issn":"00084476","usgsCitation":"Mazdab, F., 2009, Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG): Canadian Mineralogist, v. 47, no. 4, p. 813-831, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.4.813.","startPage":"813","endPage":"831","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217630,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.4.813"}],"volume":"47","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c8e4b0c8380cd4bef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazdab, F.K.","contributorId":11650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"F.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034950,"text":"70034950 - 2009 - An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034950","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing","docAbstract":"In this paper we report the first experimental investigation of non-explosive hydromagmatic fragmentation during energetic mixing with water. We mix magma and water by two methods: (1) pouring a basaltic melt between two converging water sprays; and (2) jetting basaltic melt at high pressure (3??MPa) through a nozzle into a tank of stagnant water. These experiments involved shear at relative velocities of ~ 5-16??m/s and vigorous mixing for less than a second, providing sufficient time for glassy rinds to grow but insufficient time for clot interiors to cool. In resulting fragments, we examined the gross morphology, which reflects fluid deformation during mixing, and surface textures, which reflect the growth and disruption of glassy rinds. We find major differences in both fragment morphology and surface texture between experiments. Water-spray experiments produced Pele's hair, thin bubble shards, melt droplets, and angular, fracture-bound droplet pieces. Melt-jet experiments produced mostly coarse (> 1??mm diameter), wavy fluidal fragments with broken ends. Fluidal surfaces of fragments produced by water-spray experiments were generally shiny under reflected light and, in microscopic examination, smooth down to micron scale, implying no disruption of glassy rinds, except for (a) rare flaking on Pele's hair that was bent prior to solidification; or (b) cracking and alligator-skin textures on segments of melt balls that had expanded before complete cooling. In contrast, textures of fluidal surfaces on fragments produced by melt-jet experiments are dull in reflected light and, in scanning electron images, exhibit ubiquitous discontinuous skins (\"rinds\") that are flaked, peeled, or smeared away in stripes. Adhering to these surfaces are flakes, blocks, and blobs of detached material microns to tens of microns in diameter. In the water-spray fragments, we interpret the scarcity of disrupted surface rinds to result from lack of bending after surfaces formed. In the melt-jet fragments, the ubiquity of partially detached rinds and rind debris likely reflects repeated bending, scraping, impact, and other disruption through turbulent velocity fluctuations. When extrapolated to jets of Surtseyan scale, where velocity fluctuations reach tens of meters per second and turbulent mixing persists for tens of seconds, rind disintegration could fragment a large fraction of the erupted material.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L., Spieler, O., and Downey, W., 2009, An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 180, no. 2-4, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215738,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012"},{"id":243561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea66e4b0c8380cd48831","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, L.G.","contributorId":80313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spieler, O.","contributorId":59648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spieler","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downey, W.S.","contributorId":58492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034945,"text":"70034945 - 2009 - Arc-continent collision and the formation of continental crust: A new geochemical and isotopic record from the Ordovician Tyrone Igneous Complex, Ireland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-17T10:00:13","indexId":"70034945","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2545,"text":"Journal of the Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arc-continent collision and the formation of continental crust: A new geochemical and isotopic record from the Ordovician Tyrone Igneous Complex, Ireland","docAbstract":"Collisions between oceanic island-arc terranes and passive continental margins are thought to have been important in the formation of continental crust throughout much of Earth's history. Magmatic evolution during this stage of the plate-tectonic cycle is evident in several areas of the Ordovician Grampian-Taconic orogen, as we demonstrate in the first detailed geochemical study of the Tyrone Igneous Complex, Ireland. New U-Pb zircon dating yields ages of 493 2 Ma from a primitive mafic intrusion, indicating intra-oceanic subduction in Tremadoc time, and 475 10 Ma from a light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched tonalite intrusion that incorporated Laurentian continental material by early Arenig time (Early Ordovician, Stage 2) during arc-continent collision. Notably, LREE enrichment in volcanism and silicic intrusions of the Tyrone Igneous Complex exceeds that of average Dalradian (Laurentian) continental material that would have been thrust under the colliding forearc and potentially recycled into arc magmatism. This implies that crystal fractionation, in addition to magmatic mixing and assimilation, was important to the formation of new crust in the Grampian-Taconic orogeny. Because similar super-enrichment of orogenic melts occurred elsewhere in the Caledonides in the British Isles and Newfoundland, the addition of new, highly enriched melt to this accreted arc terrane was apparently widespread spatially and temporally. Such super-enrichment of magmatism, especially if accompanied by loss of corresponding lower crustal residues, supports the theory that arc-continent collision plays an important role in altering bulk crustal composition toward typical values for ancient continental crust. ?? 2009 Geological Society of London.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Geological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1144/0016-76492008-102","issn":"00167649","usgsCitation":"Draut, A.E., Clift, P.D., Amato, J.M., Blusztajn, J., and Schouten, H., 2009, Arc-continent collision and the formation of continental crust: A new geochemical and isotopic record from the Ordovician Tyrone Igneous Complex, Ireland: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 166, no. 3, p. 485-500, https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492008-102.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"500","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476390,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2831","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215649,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492008-102"},{"id":243466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed2ce4b0c8380cd49684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Draut, Amy E.","contributorId":92215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clift, Peter D.","contributorId":17711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clift","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amato, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":67317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amato","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blusztajn, Jerzy","contributorId":14659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blusztajn","given":"Jerzy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schouten, Hans","contributorId":64474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schouten","given":"Hans","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034927,"text":"70034927 - 2009 - Distribution, density, and biomass of introduced small mammals in the southern mariana islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034927","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, density, and biomass of introduced small mammals in the southern mariana islands","docAbstract":"Although it is generally accepted that introduced small mammals have detrimental effects on island ecology, our understanding of these effects is frequently limited by incomplete knowledge of small mammal distribution, density, and biomass. Such information is especially critical in the Mariana Islands, where small mammal density is inversely related to effectiveness of Brown Tree Snake (Boiga irregularis) control tools, such as mouse-attractant traps. We used mark-recapture sampling to determine introduced small mammal distribution, density, and biomass in the major habitats of Guam, Rota, Saipan, and Tinian, including grassland, Leucaena forest, and native limestone forest. Of the five species captured, Rattus diardii (sensu Robins et al. 2007) was most common across habitats and islands. In contrast, Mus musculus was rarely captured at forested sites, Suncus murinus was not captured on Rota, and R. exulans and R. norvegicus captures were uncommon. Modeling indicated that neophobia, island, sex, reproductive status, and rain amount influenced R. diardii capture probability, whereas time, island, and capture heterogeneity influenced S. murinus and M. musculus capture probability. Density and biomass were much greater on Rota, Saipan, and Tinian than on Guam, most likely a result of Brown Tree Snake predation pressure on the latter island. Rattus diardii and M. musculus density and biomass were greatest in grassland, whereas S. murinus density and biomass were greatest in Leucaena forest. The high densities documented during this research suggest that introduced small mammals (especially R. diardii) are impacting abundance and diversity of the native fauna and flora of the Mariana Islands. Further, Brown Tree Snake control and management tools that rely on mouse attractants will be less effective on Rota, Saipan, and Tinian than on Guam. If the Brown Tree Snake becomes established on these islands, high-density introduced small mammal populations will likely facilitate and support a high-density Brown Tree Snake population, even as native species are reduced or extirpated. ?? 2009 by University of Hawai'i Press All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2984/049.063.0204","issn":"00308870","usgsCitation":"Wiewel, A., Adams, A., and Rodda, G., 2009, Distribution, density, and biomass of introduced small mammals in the southern mariana islands: Pacific Science, v. 63, no. 2, p. 205-222, https://doi.org/10.2984/049.063.0204.","startPage":"205","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215880,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/049.063.0204"},{"id":243714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a031de4b0c8380cd5034a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiewel, A.S.","contributorId":8682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiewel","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, A.A.Y.","contributorId":50369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"A.A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034924,"text":"70034924 - 2009 - Movements of juvenile Gyrfalcons from western and interior Alaska following departure from their natal areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:27:23","indexId":"70034924","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of juvenile Gyrfalcons from western and interior Alaska following departure from their natal areas","docAbstract":"<p>J<span>uvenile raptors often travel thousands of kilometers from the time they leave their natal areas to the time they enter a breeding population. Documenting movements and identifying areas used by raptors before they enter a breeding population is important for understanding the factors that influence their survival. In North America, juvenile Gyrfalcons (</span><i>Falco rusticolus</i><span>) are routinely observed outside the species' breeding range during the nonbreeding season, but the natal origins of these birds are rarely known. We used satellite telemetry to track the movements of juvenile Gyrfalcons during their first months of independence. We instrumented nestlings with lightweight satellite transmitters within 10 d of estimated fledging dates on the Seward Peninsula in western Alaska and in Denali National Park (Denali) in interior Alaska. Gyrfalcons spent an average of 41.4 ± 6.1 d (range  =  30–50 d) in their natal areas after fledging. The mean departure date from natal areas was 27 August ± 6.4 d. We tracked 15 individuals for an average of 70.5 ± 28.1 d post-departure; Gyrfalcons moved from 105 to 4299 km during this period and tended to move greater distances earlier in the tracking period than later in the tracking period. Gyrfalcons did not establish temporary winter ranges within the tracking period. We identified several movement patterns among Gyrfalcons, including unidirectional long-distance movements, multidirectional long- and short-distance movements, and shorter movements within a local region. Gyrfalcons from the Seward Peninsula remained in western Alaska or flew to eastern Russia with no movements into interior Alaska. In contrast, Gyrfalcons from Denali remained in interior Alaska, flew to northern and western Alaska, or flew to northern Alberta. Gyrfalcons from both study areas tended to move to coastal, riparian, and wetland areas during autumn and early winter. Because juvenile Gyrfalcons dispersed over a large geographic area and across three international boundaries, conservation efforts should focus on both regional and international scales.</span><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","doi":"10.3356/JRR-08-43.1","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, C.L., Douglas, D.C., and Adams, L., 2009, Movements of juvenile Gyrfalcons from western and interior Alaska following departure from their natal areas: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 43, no. 2, p. 99-109, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-08-43.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"109","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-08-43.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f6ae4b0c8380cd70f40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, Carol L.","contributorId":196673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":448343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032851,"text":"70032851 - 2009 - Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70032851","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle","docAbstract":"The critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle (Haliaeetus vociferoides) is considered to be one of the rarest birds of prey globally and at significant risk of extinction. In the most recent census, only 222 adult individuals were recorded with an estimated total breeding population of no more than 100-120 pairs. Here, levels of Madagascar fish-eagle population genetic diversity based on 47 microsatellite loci were compared with its sister species, the African fish-eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer), and 16 of these loci were also characterized in the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Overall, extremely low genetic diversity was observed in the Madagascar fish-eagle compared to other surveyed Haliaeetus species. Determining whether this low diversity is the result of a recent bottleneck or a more historic event has important implications for their conservation. Using a Bayesian coalescent-based method, we show that Madagascar fish-eagles have maintained a small effective population size for hundreds to thousands of years and that its low level of neutral genetic diversity is not the result of a recent bottleneck. Therefore, efforts made to prevent Madagascar fish-eagle extinction should place high priority on maintenance of habitat requirements and reducing direct and indirect human persecution. Given the current rate of deforestation in Madagascar, we further recommend that the population be expanded to occupy a larger geographical distribution. This will help the population persist when exposed to stochastic factors (e.g. climate and disease) that may threaten a species consisting of only 200 adult individuals while inhabiting a rapidly changing landscape. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x","issn":"09621","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.A., Tingay, R., Culver, M., Hailer, F., Clarke, M., and Mindell, D., 2009, Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle: Molecular Ecology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 54-63, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x.","startPage":"54","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214090,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49a9e4b0c8380cd687bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J. A.","contributorId":88375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tingay, R.E.","contributorId":21765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tingay","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Culver, M.","contributorId":92462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hailer, F.","contributorId":49184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hailer","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clarke, M.L.","contributorId":101086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mindell, D.P.","contributorId":67187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mindell","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034918,"text":"70034918 - 2009 - Effect of experimental manipulation on survival and recruitment of feral pigs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034918","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of experimental manipulation on survival and recruitment of feral pigs","docAbstract":"Lethal removal is commonly used to reduce the density of invasive-species populations, presuming it reduces population growth rate; the actual effect of lethal removal on the vital rates contributing to population growth, however, is rarely tested. We implemented a manipulative experiment of feral pig (Sus scrofa) populations at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, to assess the demographic effects of harvest intensity. Using markrecapture data, we estimated annual survival, recruitment, and population growth rates of populations in a moderately harvested area and a heavily harvested area for 200406. Population growth rates did not differ between the populations. The top-ranked model for survival included a harvest intensity effect; model-averaged survival was lower for the heavily harvested population than for the moderately harvested population. Increased immigration and reproduction likely compensated for the increased mortality in the heavily harvested population. We conclude that compensatory responses in feral pig recruitment can limit the success of lethal control efforts. ?? 2009 CSIRO.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1071/WR08077","issn":"10353712","usgsCitation":"Hanson, L., Mitchell, M., Grand, J., Jolley, D., Sparklin, B., and Ditchkoff, S., 2009, Effect of experimental manipulation on survival and recruitment of feral pigs: Wildlife Research, v. 36, no. 3, p. 185-191, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR08077.","startPage":"185","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215737,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR08077"},{"id":243560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05dbe4b0c8380cd50fc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, L.B.","contributorId":36759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, M.S.","contributorId":26724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grand, J.B.","contributorId":11150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jolley, D.B.","contributorId":60862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolley","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sparklin, B.D.","contributorId":30047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparklin","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ditchkoff, S.S.","contributorId":100580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ditchkoff","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}