{"pageNumber":"917","pageRowStart":"22900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40802,"records":[{"id":70030548,"text":"70030548 - 2008 - High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element records from holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030548","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element records from holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"A 3.5-m gravity core (DJ6-93SF-6) from San Francisco Bay reveals a complex paleoclimatic history of the region over the last 3870 cal YBP. A polynomial equation based on 11 AMS 14C ages provides an excellent age model for the core, and environmental proxies for water temperature and salinity are derived from various foraminiferal abundances, stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, and Mg/Ca ratios. Two foraminiferal associations were identified by Q-mode cluster analysis: a colder-water Elphidium excavatum association and the warmer-water Ammonia beccarii-Elphidium gunteri association. The E. excavatum association dominates the core for all but about 600 years out of the last four millennia. At 3870 cal YBP, water temperatures were warm (13.9??C) and freshwater inflow was reduced compared with today. From 3590 to 2860 cal YBP, temperatures dropped 0.5??C and the climate remained dry. This was followed by a period of pronounced lower ??13C values, indicating that conditions became considerably wetter from 2860 to 2170 cal YBP. During this interval, the temperature oscillated frequently, peaking at 13.9??C at 2710 cal YBP, then dropping shortly thereafter to 12.8??C at 2420 cal YBP. Freshwater inflow gradually decreased between 2170 and 1950 cal YBP with a minimal rise in temperature, then changed quickly to colder and wetter conditions at 1900 cal YBP. Drier conditions then prevailed until 1480 cal YBP with water temperatures fluctuating between 13.1??C and 13.8??C, followed by wetter climate from 1480 to 1320 cal YBP. A significant faunal shift from the E. excavatum association to the A. beccarii-E. gunteri association occurred from 1250 to 650 cal YBP, possibly due to regional warming, decreased oxygen availability, and/or a change in the phyto-plankton community. Associated with this change in faunal composition were warm and dry conditions, representative of the Medieval Warm Period (Medieval Climatic Anomaly). A climatic shift coincident with the onset of the Little Ice Age (LIA I and LIA II) is evident from 650 to 280 cal YBP, with the return of the E. excavatum association and an extreme drop in ??18O values, all indicating increased precipitation and fresh water inflow. This was followed by generally drier conditions to the present, except for a brief wet period around 100 cal YBP, and fairly consistent water temperatures in the middle 13??C, except for a drop to 12.8??C at 200 cal YBP. Two significant faunal changes occur near the top of the core. First, there is the reappearance of the A. beccarii-E. gunteri association, suggesting that, once again, regional warming has taken place, oxygen availability has declined, and/or environmental conditions changed such that diatoms have become a scarce food source. Second, there is the first appearance of the invasive Japanese foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio, a species that commonly lives in highly polluted areas and is an indicator of eutrophication in its native estuaries. At the same time, freshwater inflow decreased, which may be explained by global warming during the last 100 years, or more likely due to modern water diversion for agriculture in the central valley of California. ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Climate, San Francisco Bay, Holocene, foraminifers, isotopes, trace metals, Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.2112/08A-0003.1","issn":"07490","usgsCitation":"McGann, M., 2008, High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element records from holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California, <i>in</i> Journal of Coastal Research, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1092-1109, https://doi.org/10.2112/08A-0003.1.","startPage":"1092","endPage":"1109","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211756,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/08A-0003.1"},{"id":239107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3100e4b0c8380cd5db52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGann, M. 0000-0002-3057-2945","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":49125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030449,"text":"70030449 - 2008 - Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030449","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama","docAbstract":"We used an information-theoretic approach to examine the variation in detection probabilities for 87 Piedmont and Coastal Plain fishes in relation to instream gravel mining in four Alabama streams of the Mobile River drainage. Biotic and abiotic variables were also included in candidate models. Detection probabilities were heterogeneous across species and varied with habitat type, stream, season, and water quality. Instream gravel mining influenced the variation in detection probabilities for 38% of the species collected, probably because it led to habitat loss and increased sedimentation. Higher detection probabilities were apparent at unmined sites than at mined sites for 78% of the species for which gravel mining was shown to influence detection probabilities, indicating potential negative impacts to these species. Physical and chemical attributes also explained the variation in detection probabilities for many species. These results indicate that anthropogenic impacts can affect detection probabilities for fishes, and such variation should be considered when developing monitoring programs or routine sampling protocols. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-153.1","issn":"00028","usgsCitation":"Hayer, C., and Irwin, E., 2008, Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 6, p. 1606-1620, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-153.1.","startPage":"1606","endPage":"1620","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211836,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-153.1"},{"id":239206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b3be4b0c8380cd62349","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayer, C.-A.","contributorId":89343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayer","given":"C.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irwin, E.R.","contributorId":90269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032127,"text":"70032127 - 2008 - Using heat to characterize streambed water flux variability in four stream reaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:57:34","indexId":"70032127","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using heat to characterize streambed water flux variability in four stream reaches","docAbstract":"<p>Estimates of streambed water flux are needed for the interpretation of streambed chemistry and reactions. Continuous temperature and head monitoring in stream reaches within four agricultural watersheds (Leary Weber Ditch, IN; Maple Creek, NE; DR2 Drain, WA; and Merced River, CA) allowed heat to be used as a tracer to study the temporal and spatial variability of fluxes through the streambed. Synoptic methods (seepage meter and differential discharge measurements) were compared with estimates obtained by using heat as a tracer. Water flux was estimated by modeling one-dimensional vertical flow of water and heat using the model VS2DH. Flux was influenced by physical heterogeneity of the stream channel and temporal variability in stream and ground-water levels. During most of the study period (April–December 2004), flux was upward through the streambeds. At the IN, NE, and CA sites, high-stage events resulted in rapid reversal of flow direction inducing short-term surface-water flow into the streambed. During late summer at the IN site, regional ground-water levels dropped, leading to surface-water loss to ground water that resulted in drying of the ditch. Synoptic measurements of flux generally supported the model flux estimates. Water flow through the streambed was roughly an order of magnitude larger in the humid basins (IN and NE) than in the arid basins (WA and CA). Downward flux, in response to sudden high streamflows, and seasonal variability in flux was most pronounced in the humid basins and in high conductivity zones in the streambed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0448","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H., Zamora, C., McCarthy, K.A., Vogel, J.R., and Wilson, J., 2008, Using heat to characterize streambed water flux variability in four stream reaches: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1010-1023, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0448.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1010","endPage":"1023","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214819,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0448"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc05be4b08c986b32a09d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zamora, C.M.","contributorId":34343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vogel, J. R.","contributorId":21639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030448,"text":"70030448 - 2008 - Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T12:08:17","indexId":"70030448","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content n/a main\"><p>This study uses numerical simulations to define the salient controls on regional groundwater flow in 3‐D mountainous terrain by systematically varying topographic and hydrogeologic variables. Topography for idealized multiple‐basin mountainous terrain is derived from geomatic data and literature values. Water table elevation, controlled by the ratio of recharge to hydraulic conductivity, largely controls the distribution of recharged water into local, regional, and perpendicular flow systems, perpendicular flow being perpendicular to the regional topographic gradient. Both the relative (%) and absolute (m<sup>3</sup>/d) values of regional flow and perpendicular flow are examined. The relationship between regional flow and water table elevation is highly nonlinear. With lower water table elevations, relative and absolute regional flow dramatically increase and decrease, respectively, as the water table is lowered further. However, for higher water table elevations above the top of the headwater stream, changes in water table elevation have little effect on regional flow. Local flow predominates in high water table configurations, with regional and perpendicular flow &lt;15% and &lt;10%, respectively, of total recharge in the models tested. Both the relative and the maximum absolute regional flow are directly controlled by the degree of incision of the mountain drainage network; the elevation of mountain ridges is considerably less important. The percentage of the headwater stream with perennial streamflow is a potentially powerful indicator of regional flow in all water table configurations and may be a good indicator of the susceptibility of mountain groundwater systems to increased aridity.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR006848","usgsCitation":"Gleeson, T., and Manning, A.H., 2008, Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 10, Article W10403; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006848.","productDescription":"Article W10403; 16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr006848","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a523e4b0e8fec6cdbd3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleeson, Tom","contributorId":81041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031758,"text":"70031758 - 2008 - Biological assessments of Appalachian streams based on predictive models for fish, macroinvertebrate, and diatom assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031758","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological assessments of Appalachian streams based on predictive models for fish, macroinvertebrate, and diatom assemblages","docAbstract":"We developed empirical models for fish, macroinvertebrate, and diatom assemblages to assess the biological condition of 268 streams sampled from 1993 to 2002 in 7 major river basins in the Appalachian region of the USA. These models estimate the expected taxonomic composition at each site based on observed variation in taxonomic composition at reference sites. The index, O/E, is the ratio of the number of predicted taxa that were observed (O) to that expected (E) to occur at a site and is a measure of taxonomic completeness. We compared how O/E for each assemblage varied among major landuse settings and whether impaired assemblages were associated with particular physicochemical conditions. We also examined concordance among assemblages in their response to stress. Biological, chemical, and physical data were collected following consistent protocols. We used land-cover criteria, published data, and topographic maps to classify sites by major landuse setting. Fish, macroinvertebrate, and diatom assemblages had been sampled at 73, 108, and 52, respectively, of the least disturbed sites used to establish reference conditions. The models accounted for a substantial portion of the natural variation in taxonomic composition across sites that was associated with biogeographic, climatic, and basin-scale factors and generally were unbiased across the range of environmental gradients observed in the region. Assessments at nonreference sites showed that impairment of fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages was most strongly associated with agriculture and urban land uses, whereas impairment of diatom assemblages was most strongly associated with mining in the basin. Concordance in assessments among assemblages was not strong. Assessments based on 2 assemblages differed in 28 to 57% of cases, and assessments were never concordant for cases where all 3 assemblages were sampled. Furthermore, only 1/2 of these cases would have been assessed as ecologically impaired had only 1 assemblage been sampled. Differences between observed and predicted frequencies of occurrence for individual taxa were generally consistent with known tolerances to environmental stressors and might aid in identifying causes of biological impairment. ?? 2008 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/06-081.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, D., Hawkins, C., Meador, M.R., Potapova, M., and Falcone, J., 2008, Biological assessments of Appalachian streams based on predictive models for fish, macroinvertebrate, and diatom assemblages: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 27, no. 1, p. 16-37, https://doi.org/10.1899/06-081.1.","startPage":"16","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212487,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/06-081.1"},{"id":239978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f164e4b0c8380cd4ac2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkins, C.P.","contributorId":64454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Potapova, M.","contributorId":74569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potapova","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Falcone, J.","contributorId":20548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcone","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035436,"text":"70035436 - 2008 - Late pleistocene aggradation and degradation of the lower colorado river: Perspectives from the Cottonwood area and other reconnaissance below Boulder Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035436","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Late pleistocene aggradation and degradation of the lower colorado river: Perspectives from the Cottonwood area and other reconnaissance below Boulder Canyon","docAbstract":"Where the lower Colorado River traverses the Basin and Range Province below the Grand Canyon, significant late Pleistocene aggradation and subsequent degrada tion of the river are indicated by luminescence, paleomagnetic, and U-series data and stratigraphy. Aggradational, finely bedded reddish mud, clay, and silt are underlain and overlain by cross-bedded to plane-bedded fine sand and silt. That sequence is commonly disconformably overlain by up to 15 m of coarse sand, rounded exotic gravel, and angular, locally derived gravel. Luminescence dates on the fine sediments range from ca. 40 ka to 70 ka, considering collective uncertainties. A section of fine grained sediments over a vertical range of 15 m shows normal polarity magnetization and little apparent secular variation beyond dispersion that can be explained by com paction. Aggradation on large local tributaries such as Las Vegas Wash appears to have been coeval with that of the Colorado River. The upper limits of erosional rem nants of the sequence define a steeper grade above the historical river, and these late Pleistocene deposits are greater than 100 m above the modern river north of 35??N. Ter race gravels inset below the upper limit of the aggradational sequence yield 230Th dates that range from ca. 32 ka to 60 ka and indicate that degradation of the river system in this area closely followed aggradation. The thick sequence of rhythmically bedded mud and silt possibly indicates set tings that were ponded laterally between valley slopes and levees of the aggrading river. Potential driving mechanisms for such aggradation and degradation include sediment-yield response to climate change, drought, fire, vegetation-ecosystem dynam ics, glaciation, paleofloods, groundwater discharge, and building and destruction of natural dams produced by volcanism and landslides. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(19)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Lundstrom, S., Mahan, S., Paces, J., Hudson, M., House, P., Malmon, D., Blair, J., and Howard, K.A., 2008, Late pleistocene aggradation and degradation of the lower colorado river: Perspectives from the Cottonwood area and other reconnaissance below Boulder Canyon, <i>in</i> Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 439, p. 411-432, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(19).","startPage":"411","endPage":"432","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215437,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(19)"}],"issue":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4550e4b0c8380cd671ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundstrom, S.C.","contributorId":53410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudson, M.R.","contributorId":68317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malmon, D.V.","contributorId":22960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blair, J.L.","contributorId":55857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Howard, K. A.","contributorId":48938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howard","given":"K.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70031844,"text":"70031844 - 2008 - The GIS Weasel: An interface for the development of geographic information used in environmental simulation modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031844","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The GIS Weasel: An interface for the development of geographic information used in environmental simulation modeling","docAbstract":"The GIS Weasel is a freely available, open-source software package built on top of ArcInfo Workstation?? [ESRI, Inc., 2001, ArcInfo Workstation (8.1 ed.), Redlands, CA] for creating maps and parameters of geographic features used in environmental simulation models. The software has been designed to minimize the need for GIS expertise and automate the preparation of the geographic information as much as possible. Although many kinds of data can be exploited with the GIS Weasel, the only information required is a raster dataset of elevation for the user's area of interest (AOI). The user-defined AOI serves as a starting point from which to create maps of many different types of geographic features, including sub-watersheds, streams, elevation bands, land cover patches, land parcels, or anything else that can be discerned from the available data. The GIS Weasel has a library of over 200 routines that can be applied to any raster map of geographic features to generate information about shape, area, or topological association with other features of the same or different maps. In addition, a wide variety of parameters can be derived using ancillary data layers such as soil and vegetation maps.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2007.07.004","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Viger, R., 2008, The GIS Weasel: An interface for the development of geographic information used in environmental simulation modeling: Computers & Geosciences, v. 34, no. 8, p. 891-901, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2007.07.004.","startPage":"891","endPage":"901","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214671,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2007.07.004"},{"id":242417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba73de4b08c986b321452","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031767,"text":"70031767 - 2008 - Regularized joint inverse estimation of extreme rainfall amounts in ungauged coastal basins of El Salvador","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70031767","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regularized joint inverse estimation of extreme rainfall amounts in ungauged coastal basins of El Salvador","docAbstract":"A regularized joint inverse procedure is presented and used to estimate the magnitude of extreme rainfall events in ungauged coastal river basins of El Salvador: Paz, Jiboa, Grande de San Miguel, and Goascoran. Since streamflow measurements reflect temporal and spatial rainfall information, peak-flow discharge is hypothesized to represent a similarity measure suitable for regionalization. To test this hypothesis, peak-flow discharge values determined from streamflow recurrence information (10-year, 25-year, and 100-year) collected outside the study basins are used to develop regional (country-wide) regression equations. Peak-flow discharge derived from these equations together with preferred spatial parameter relations as soft prior information are used to constrain the simultaneous calibration of 20 tributary basin models. The nonlinear range of uncertainty in estimated parameter values (1 curve number and 3 recurrent rainfall amounts for each model) is determined using an inverse calibration-constrained Monte Carlo approach. Cumulative probability distributions for rainfall amounts indicate differences among basins for a given return period and an increase in magnitude and range among basins with increasing return interval. Comparison of the estimated median rainfall amounts for all return periods were reasonable but larger (3.2-26%) than rainfall estimates computed using the frequency-duration (traditional) approach and individual rain gauge data. The observed 25-year recurrence rainfall amount at La Hachadura in the Paz River basin during Hurricane Mitch (1998) is similar in value to, but outside and slightly less than, the estimated rainfall confidence limits. The similarity in joint inverse and traditionally computed rainfall events, however, suggests that the rainfall observation may likely be due to under-catch and not model bias. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11069-007-9179-1","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Friedel, M., 2008, Regularized joint inverse estimation of extreme rainfall amounts in ungauged coastal basins of El Salvador: Natural Hazards, v. 46, no. 1, p. 15-34, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9179-1.","startPage":"15","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212609,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9179-1"},{"id":240121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a5d5e4b0e8fec6cdc023","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedel, M.J.","contributorId":90823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033139,"text":"70033139 - 2008 - Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033139","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study","docAbstract":"In recent years it has become apparent that the novel properties of nanomaterials may predispose them to a hitherto unknown potential for toxicity. A number of recent toxicological studies of nanomaterials exist, but these appear to be fragmented and often contradictory. Such discrepancies may be, at least in part, due to poor description of the nanomaterial or incomplete characterization, including failure to recognise impurities, surface modifications or other important physicochemical aspects of the nanomaterial. Here we make a case for the importance of good quality, well-characterized nanomaterials for future toxicological studies, combined with reliable synthesis protocols, and we present our efforts to generate such materials. The model system for which we present results is TiO2 nanoparticles, currently used in a variety of commercial products. ?? 2008 The Mineralogical Society.","largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Magazine","language":"English","doi":"10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515","issn":"00264","usgsCitation":"Valsami-Jones, E., Berhanu, D., Dybowska, A., Misra, S., Boccaccini, A., Tetley, T., Luoma, S., and Plant, J., 2008, Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study, <i>in</i> Mineralogical Magazine, v. 72, no. 1, p. 515-519, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515.","startPage":"515","endPage":"519","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515"},{"id":241014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6182e4b0c8380cd719dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valsami-Jones, E.","contributorId":103088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valsami-Jones","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berhanu, D.","contributorId":86177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berhanu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dybowska, A.","contributorId":47171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dybowska","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Misra, S.","contributorId":107940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misra","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boccaccini, A.R.","contributorId":59637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boccaccini","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tetley, T.D.","contributorId":52796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetley","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plant, J.A.","contributorId":84137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032804,"text":"70032804 - 2008 - Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032804","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem","docAbstract":"Vegetation growth and community composition in semi-arid environments is determined by water availability and carbon assimilation mechanisms specific to different plant types. Disturbance also impacts vegetation productivity and composition dependent on area affected, intensity, and frequency factors. In this study, a new spatially explicit ecosystem model is presented for the purpose of simulating vegetation cover type changes associated with fire disturbance in the northern Chihuahuan Desert region. The model is called the Landscape and Fire Simulator (LAFS) and represents physiological activity of six functional plant types incorporating site climate, fire, and seed dispersal routines for individual grid cells. We applied this model for Big Bend National Park, Texas, by assessing the impact of wildfire on the trajectory of vegetation communities over time. The model was initialized and calibrated based on landcover maps derived from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper data acquired in 1986 and 1999 coupled with plant biomass measurements collected in the field during 2000. Initial vegetation cover change analysis from satellite data showed shrub encroachment during this time period that was captured in the simulated results. A synthetic 50-year climate record was derived from historical meteorological data to assess system response based on initial landcover conditions. This simulation showed that shrublands increased to the detriment of grass and yucca-ocotillo vegetation cover types indicating an ecosystem-level trajectory for shrub encroachment. Our analysis of simulated fires also showed that fires significantly reduced site biomass components including leaf area, stem, and seed biomass in this semi-arid ecosystem. In contrast to other landscape simulation models, this new model incorporates detailed physiological responses of functional plant types that will allow us to simulated the impact of increased atmospheric CO2 occurring with climate change coupled with fire disturbance. Simulations generated from this model are expected to be the subject of subsequent studies on landscape dynamics with specific regard to prediction of wildlife distributions associated with fire management and climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"White, J., Gutzwiller, K., Barrow, W., Randall, L., and Swint, P., 2008, Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem: Ecological Modelling, v. 214, no. 2-4, p. 181-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032.","startPage":"181","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213900,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032"},{"id":241570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"214","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c09e4b0c8380cd6f9b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, J.D.","contributorId":42923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutzwiller, K.J.","contributorId":78124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutzwiller","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrow, W.C. 0000-0003-4671-2823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":17322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"W.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randall, L.J.","contributorId":57669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swint, P.","contributorId":37968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swint","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033611,"text":"70033611 - 2008 - Pathogen and chemical transport in the karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer: 3. Use of microspheres to estimate the transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:08:08","indexId":"70033611","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Pathogen and chemical transport in the karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer: 3. Use of microspheres to estimate the transport potential of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> oocysts","title":"Pathogen and chemical transport in the karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer: 3. Use of microspheres to estimate the transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts","docAbstract":"<p><span>The vulnerability of a municipal well in the Northwest well field in southeastern Florida to potential contamination by&nbsp;</span><i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>oocysts was assessed in a large‐scale, forced‐gradient (convergent) injection and recovery test. The field study involved a simultaneous pulse introduction of a nonreactive tracer (SF</span><sub>6</sub><span>, an inert gas) and oocyst‐sized (1.6, 2.9, and 4.9<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m diameter) carboxylated polystyrene microspheres into karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer characterized by a complex triple (matrix, touching‐vug, and conduit) porosity. Fractional recoveries 97 m down gradient were inversely related to diameter and ranged from 2.9% for the 4.9<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m microspheres to 5.8% for 1.6<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m microspheres. Their centers of mass arrived at the pumping well approximately threefold earlier than that of the nonreactive tracer SF</span><sub>6</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(gas), underscoring the need for use of colloid tracers and field‐scale tracer tests for these kinds of evaluations. In a modified triaxial cell using near in situ chemical conditions, 2.9 and 4.9<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m microspheres underestimated by fourfold to sixfold the attachment potential of the less electronegative 2.9–4.1<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>μ</i><span>m oocysts in the matrix porosity of limestone core samples. The field and laboratory results collectively suggested that it may take 200–300 m of transport to ensure even a 1‐log unit removal of oocysts, even though the limestone surfaces exhibited a substantive capability for their sorptive removal. The study further demonstrated the utility of microspheres as oocyst surrogates in field‐scale assessments of well vulnerability in limestone, provided that differences in attachment behaviors between oocysts and microspheres are taken into account.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006060","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., Metge, D.W., Shapiro, A.M., Renken, R.A., Osborn, C.L., Ryan, J.N., Cunningham, K.J., and Landkamer, L.L., 2008, Pathogen and chemical transport in the karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer: 3. Use of microspheres to estimate the transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 8, W08431; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006060.","productDescription":"W08431; 12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476722,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7596e4b0c8380cd77c20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metge, David W. dwmetge@usgs.gov","contributorId":663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"David","email":"dwmetge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Renken, Robert A. rarenken@usgs.gov","contributorId":269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renken","given":"Robert","email":"rarenken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":441668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osborn, Christina L.","contributorId":118702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborn","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Landkamer, Lee L.","contributorId":65679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landkamer","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032810,"text":"70032810 - 2008 - Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032810","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings","docAbstract":"The recent trend in the building industry of Turkey as well as in many European countries is towards utilizing the tunnel form (shear-wall dominant) construction system for development of multi-story residential units. The tunnel form buildings diverge from other conventional reinforced concrete (RC) buildings due to the lack of beams and columns in their structural integrity. The vertical load-carrying members of these buildings are the structural-walls only, and the floor system is a flat plate. Besides the constructive advantages, tunnel form buildings provide superior seismic performance compared to conventional RC frame and dual systems as observed during the recent devastating earthquakes in Turkey (1999 Mw 7.4 Kocaeli, Mw 7.2 Duzce, and 2004 Mw 6.5 Bingol). With its proven earthquake performance, the tunnel form system is becoming the primary construction technique in many seismically active regions. In this study, a series of nonlinear analyses were conducted using finite element (FE) models to augment our understanding on their failure mechanism under lateral forces. In order to represent the nonlinear behavior adequately, The FE models were verified with the results of experimental studies performed on three dimensional (3D) scaled tunnel form building specimens. The results of this study indicate that the structural walls of tunnel form buildings may exhibit brittle flexural failure under lateral loading, if they are not properly reinforced. The global tension/compression couple triggers this failure mechanism by creating pure axial tension in the outermost shear-walls.","largerWorkTitle":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","conferenceTitle":"4th International Conference on High Performance Structures and Materials, HPSM 2008","conferenceDate":"13 May 2008 through 15 May 2008","conferenceLocation":"Algarve","language":"English","doi":"10.2495/HPSM080351","issn":"17433","isbn":"9781845641061","usgsCitation":"Yuksel, S., and Kalkan, E., 2008, Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings, <i>in</i> WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, v. 97, Algarve, 13 May 2008 through 15 May 2008, p. 337-346, https://doi.org/10.2495/HPSM080351.","startPage":"337","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476649,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2495/hpsm080351","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2495/HPSM080351"},{"id":241703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0edfe4b0c8380cd53678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuksel, S.B.","contributorId":67202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuksel","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kalkan, E. 0000-0002-9138-9407","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":8212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033463,"text":"70033463 - 2008 - Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: Field measurements and theoretical analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T08:15:01","indexId":"70033463","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: Field measurements and theoretical analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water quality is a key aspect of the Everglades Restoration Project, the largest water reclamation and ecosystem management project proposed in the United States. Movement of nutrients and contaminants to and from Everglades peat porewater could have important consequences for Everglades water quality and ecosystem restoration activities. In a study of Everglades porewater, we observed complex, seasonally variable peat porewater chloride concentration profiles at several locations. Analyses and interpretation of these changing peat porewater chloride concentration profiles identifies processes controlling conservative solute movement at the peat–surface water interface, that is, solutes whose transport is minimally affected by chemical and biological reactions. We examine, with an advection–diffusion model, how alternating wet and dry climatic conditions in the Florida Everglades mediate movement of chloride between peat porewater and marsh surface water. Changing surface water–chloride concentrations alter gradients at the interface between peat and overlying water and hence alter chloride flux across that interface. Surface water chloride concentrations at two frequently monitored sites vary with marsh water depth, and a transfer function was developed to describe daily marsh surface water chloride concentration as a function of marsh water depth. Model results demonstrate that porewater chloride concentrations are driven by changing surface water chloride concentrations, and a sensitivity analysis suggests that inclusion of advective transport in the model improves the agreement between the calculated and the observed chloride concentration profiles.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6739","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Reddy, M., Reddy, M., Kipp, K., Burman, A., Schuster, P., and Rawlik, P., 2008, Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: Field measurements and theoretical analysis: Hydrological Processes, v. 22, no. 11, p. 1713-1724, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6739.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1713","endPage":"1724","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214273,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6739"}],"volume":"22","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a761fe4b0c8380cd77f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, M.B.","contributorId":91300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kipp, K.L.","contributorId":96715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burman, A.","contributorId":72214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burman","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuster, Peter","contributorId":61607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rawlik, P.S. Jr.","contributorId":19329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawlik","given":"P.S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033464,"text":"70033464 - 2008 - Correlation of the Deccan and Rajahmundry Trap lavas: Are these the longest and largest lava flows on Earth?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-07T12:05:48","indexId":"70033464","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of the Deccan and Rajahmundry Trap lavas: Are these the longest and largest lava flows on Earth?","docAbstract":"<p>We propose that the Rajahmundry Trap lavas, found near the east coast of peninsular India<i>,</i>are remnants of the longest lava flows yet recognized on Earth (∼&nbsp;1000&nbsp;km long). These outlying Deccan-like lavas are shown to belong to the main Deccan Traps. Several previous studies have already suggested this correlation, but have not demonstrated it categorically. The exposed Rajahmundry lavas are interpreted to be the distal parts of two very-large-volume pāhoehoe flow fields, one each from the Ambenali and Mahabaleshwar Formations of the Wai Sub-group in the Deccan Basalt Group. Eruptive conditions required to emplace such long flows are met by plausible values for cooling and eruption rates, and this is shown by applying a model for the formation of inflated pāhoehoe sheet flow lobes. The model predicts flow lobe thicknesses similar to those observed in the Rajahmundry lavas. For the last 400&nbsp;km of flow, the lava flows were confined to the pre-existing Krishna valley drainage system that existed in the basement beyond the edge of the gradually expanding Deccan lava field, allowing the flows to extend across the subcontinent to the eastern margin where they were emplaced into a littoral and/or shallow marine environment. These lavas and other individual flow fields in the Wai Sub-group may exceed eruptive volumes of 5000&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>, which would place them amongst the largest magnitude effusive eruptive units yet known.</p><p>We suggest that the length of flood basalt lava flows on Earth is restricted mainly by the size of land masses and topography. In the case of the Rajahmundry lavas, the flows reached estuaries and the sea, where their advance was perhaps effectively terminated by cooling and/or disruption. However, it is only during large igneous province basaltic volcanism that such huge volumes of lava are erupted in single events, and when the magma supply rate is sufficiently high and maintained to allow the formation of very long lava flows. The Rajahmundry lava fields were emplaced around 65&nbsp;Ma during the later times of Deccan volcanism, probably just after the K/T environmental crisis. However, many lava-forming eruptions of similar magnitude and style straddled the K/T boundary.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.11.012","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Self, S., Jay, A.E., Widdowson, M., and Keszthelyi, L., 2008, Correlation of the Deccan and Rajahmundry Trap lavas: Are these the longest and largest lava flows on Earth?: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 172, no. 1-2, p. 3-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.11.012.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Rajahmundry Trap","volume":"172","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc45e4b0c8380cd4e1dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Self, Stephen","contributorId":191218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Self","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, Anne E.","contributorId":210513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jay","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Widdowson, Michael","contributorId":210514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032527,"text":"70032527 - 2008 - Tsunami probability in the Caribbean Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032527","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Tsunami probability in the Caribbean Region","docAbstract":"We calculated tsunami runup probability (in excess of 0.5 m) at coastal sites throughout the Caribbean region. We applied a Poissonian probability model because of the variety of uncorrelated tsunami sources in the region. Coastlines were discretized into 20 km by 20 km cells, and the mean tsunami runup rate was determined for each cell. The remarkable ???500-year empirical record compiled by O'Loughlin and Lander (2003) was used to calculate an empirical tsunami probability map, the first of three constructed for this study. However, it is unclear whether the 500-year record is complete, so we conducted a seismic moment-balance exercise using a finite-element model of the Caribbean-North American plate boundaries and the earthquake catalog, and found that moment could be balanced if the seismic coupling coefficient is c = 0.32. Modeled moment release was therefore used to generate synthetic earthquake sequences to calculate 50 tsunami runup scenarios for 500-year periods. We made a second probability map from numerically-calculated runup rates in each cell. Differences between the first two probability maps based on empirical and numerical-modeled rates suggest that each captured different aspects of tsunami generation; the empirical model may be deficient in primary plate-boundary events, whereas numerical model rates lack backarc fault and landslide sources. We thus prepared a third probability map using Bayesian likelihood functions derived from the empirical and numerical rate models and their attendant uncertainty to weight a range of rates at each 20 km by 20 km coastal cell. Our best-estimate map gives a range of 30-year runup probability from 0 - 30% regionally. ?? irkhaueser 2008.","largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-008-0416-7","issn":"00334","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T., and Geist, E., 2008, Tsunami probability in the Caribbean Region, <i>in</i> Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 165, no. 11-1, p. 2089-2116, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0416-7.","startPage":"2089","endPage":"2116","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213888,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0416-7"},{"id":241555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"11-1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8abe4b08c986b3279d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030616,"text":"70030616 - 2008 - Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030616","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data","docAbstract":"We report Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations of coseismic displacements and postseismic transients from the great Sumatra-Andaman Islands (thrust event; Mw ???9.2) earthquake in December 2004. Instead of using global spherical harmonic solutions of monthly gravity fields, we estimated the gravity changes directly using intersatellite range-rate data with regionally concentrated spherical Slepian basis functions every 15-day interval. We found significant step-like (coseismic) and exponential-like (postseismic) behavior in the time series of estimated coefficients (from May 2003 to April 2007) for the spherical Slepian function's. After deriving coseismic slip estimates from seismic and geodetic data that spanned different time intervals, we estimated and evaluated postseismic relaxation mechanisms with alternate asthenosphere viscosity models. The large spatial coverage and uniform accuracy of our GRACE solution enabled us to clearly delineate a postseismic transient signal in the first 2 years of postearthquake GRACE data. Our preferred interpretation of the long-wavelength components of the postseismic avity change is biviscous viscoelastic flow. We estimated a transient viscosity of 5 ??17 Pa s and a steady state viscosity of 5 ?? 1018 - 1019 Pa s. Additional years of the GRACE observations should provide improved steady state viscosity estimates. In contrast to our interpretation of coseismic gravity change, the prominent postearthquake positive gravity change around the Nicobar Islands is accounted for by seafloor uplift with less postseismic perturbation in intrinsic density in the region surrounding the earthquake. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005705","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Han, S., Sauber, J., Luthcke, S., Ji, C., and Pollitz., F.F., 2008, Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005705.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476758,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005705","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005705"},{"id":239567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3928e4b0c8380cd6180e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Han, S.-C.","contributorId":11000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"S.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauber, J.","contributorId":31540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauber","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luthcke, S.B.","contributorId":33125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luthcke","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ji, C.","contributorId":31093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pollitz., F. F.","contributorId":70188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz.","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033304,"text":"70033304 - 2008 - Influence of dams and habitat condition on the distribution of redhorse (Moxostoma) species in the Grand River watershed, Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033304","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of dams and habitat condition on the distribution of redhorse (Moxostoma) species in the Grand River watershed, Ontario","docAbstract":"Redhorse, Moxostoma spp., are considered to be negatively affected by dams although this assertion is untested for Canadian populations. One hundred and fifty-one sites in the Grand River watershed were sampled to identify factors influencing the distribution of redhorse species. Individual species of redhorse were captured from 3 to 32% of sites. The most widespread species were golden redhorse, M. erythrurum (30%) and greater redhorse, M. valenciennesi (32%), while river redhorse, M. carinatum, was only found along the lower Grand River. Redhorse were absent from the highly fragmented Speed River sub-watershed and upper reaches of the Conestogo River and the Grand River. Redhorse species richness was positively correlated to river fragment size and upstream drainage area. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were applied to evaluate the influence of river fragment length, connectivity and habitat on species distribution. Principal component analysis reduced habitat data to three axes representing: channel structure, substrate, and pool, riffle and run habitats (PC1); gradient and drainage area (PC2); and cover (PC3). GAMs indicate that PC2 was important for predicting black redhorse and greater redhorse site occupancy and PC1 was important for golden redhorse. River fragment length was important for predicting site occupancy for shorthead redhorse, but not other species. ?? 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-006-9179-0","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Reid, S., Mandrak, N., Carl, L., and Wilson, C., 2008, Influence of dams and habitat condition on the distribution of redhorse (Moxostoma) species in the Grand River watershed, Ontario: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 81, no. 1, p. 111-125, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9179-0.","startPage":"111","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213345,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9179-0"},{"id":240961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b1ee4b0c8380cd6224b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, S.M.","contributorId":61550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandrak, N.E.","contributorId":79301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandrak","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carl, L.M.","contributorId":22478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carl","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, C.C.","contributorId":102987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033473,"text":"70033473 - 2008 - Observations and interpretation of fundamental mode Rayleigh wavefields recorded by the Transportable Array (USArray)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033473","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations and interpretation of fundamental mode Rayleigh wavefields recorded by the Transportable Array (USArray)","docAbstract":"Broadband recordings of the dense Transportable Array (TA) in the western United States provide unparalleled detailed images of long-period seismic surface wavefields. With 400 stations spanning most of the western United States, wavefronts of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves may be visualized coherently across the array at periods ???40 s. In order to constrain the Rayleigh wave phase velocity structure in the western United States, I assemble a data set of vertical component seismograms from 53 teleseismic events recorded by the TA from April 2006 to October 2007. Complex amplitude spectra from these recordings at peni ods 27-100 s are interpreted using the multiplane wave tomographic method of Friederich and Wielandt (1995) and Pollitz (1999). This analysis yields detailed surface wave phase velocity and three-dimensional shear wave velocity patterns across the North American plate boundary zone, elucidating the active processes in the highly heterogeneous western U.S. upper mantle.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JB005556","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2008, Observations and interpretation of fundamental mode Rayleigh wavefields recorded by the Transportable Array (USArray): Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005556.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005556"},{"id":242148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a6ce4b0c8380cd7416f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033474,"text":"70033474 - 2008 - Seasonal variation in sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033474","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal variation in sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol","docAbstract":"We evaluated the sensitivity of larval sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in a series of toxicity tests in spring and summer. Although noted previously, the seasonal variation in sensitivity to TFM had never been tested as a means of reducing TFM usage in stream treatments. A preliminary study consisted of three spring and four summer static toxicity tests conducted at 12??C. A more comprehensive study consisted of 12 spring and summer paired flow-through toxicity tests conducted both at seasonal water temperatures and at 12??C. The sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to TFM was greater in spring than in summer. The preliminary static toxicity tests indicated that the concentration of TFM needed to kill larval sea lampreys in spring (May and June) was about one-half that required in summer (August); the concentrations lethal to 50% and 99.9% of the test animals (the LC50 and LC99.9 values) were less in spring than in summer. Analysis of variance of the flow-through toxicity data indicated that season significantly affected both the LC50 and LC99.9 values. For all 12 paired flow-through toxicity tests, the spring LC50 and LC99.9 values were less than the corresponding summer values. For 9 of the 12 paired flow-through toxicity tests, the dose-response toxicity lines were parallel and allowed statistical comparison of the LC50 values. The spring LC50 values were significantly lower than the summer values in eight of the nine tests. Verification of a seasonal variation in the sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to TFM will allow inclusion of this factor in the selection model currently used by both the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans-Canada to schedule lampricide stream treatments. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-178.1","issn":"02755","usgsCitation":"Scholefield, R., Slaght, K., and Stephens, B., 2008, Seasonal variation in sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 5, p. 1609-1617, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-178.1.","startPage":"1609","endPage":"1617","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-178.1"},{"id":242149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88ede4b08c986b316c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholefield, R.J.","contributorId":92641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholefield","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slaght, K.S.","contributorId":16666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slaght","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephens, B.E.","contributorId":106085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033763,"text":"70033763 - 2008 - Response in the water quality of the Salton Sea, California, to changes in phosphorus loading: An empirical modeling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:19:06","indexId":"70033763","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response in the water quality of the Salton Sea, California, to changes in phosphorus loading: An empirical modeling approach","docAbstract":"Salton Sea, California, like many other lakes, has become eutrophic because of excessive nutrient loading, primarily phosphorus (P). A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is being prepared for P to reduce the input of P to the Sea. In order to better understand how P-load reductions should affect the average annual water quality of this terminal saline lake, three different eutrophication programs (BATHTUB, WiLMS, and the Seepage Lake Model) were applied. After verifying that specific empirical models within these programs were applicable to this saline lake, each model was calibrated using water-quality and nutrient-loading data for 1999 and then used to simulate the effects of specific P-load reductions. Model simulations indicate that a 50% decrease in external P loading would decrease near-surface total phosphorus concentrations (TP) by 25-50%. Application of other empirical models demonstrated that this decrease in loading should decrease near-surface chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl a) by 17-63% and increase Secchi depths (SD) by 38-97%. The wide range in estimated responses in Chl a and SD were primarily caused by uncertainty in how non-algal turbidity would respond to P-load reductions. If only the models most applicable to the Salton Sea are considered, a 70-90% P-load reduction is required for the Sea to be classified as moderately eutrophic (trophic state index of 55). These models simulate steady-state conditions in the Sea; therefore, it is difficult to ascertain how long it would take for the simulated changes to occur after load reductions. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-008-9321-4","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., and Schladow, S., 2008, Response in the water quality of the Salton Sea, California, to changes in phosphorus loading: An empirical modeling approach: Hydrobiologia, v. 604, no. 1, p. 5-19, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9321-4.","startPage":"5","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214176,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9321-4"}],"volume":"604","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa12e4b0c8380cd8611d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schladow, S.G.","contributorId":92791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schladow","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032102,"text":"70032102 - 2008 - Building model analysis applications with the Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability (JUPITER) API","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:29:26","indexId":"70032102","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building model analysis applications with the Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability (JUPITER) API","docAbstract":"The open-source, public domain JUPITER (Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability) API (Application Programming Interface) provides conventions and Fortran-90 modules to develop applications (computer programs) for analyzing process models. The input and output conventions allow application users to access various applications and the analysis methods they embody with a minimum of time and effort. Process models simulate, for example, physical, chemical, and (or) biological systems of interest using phenomenological, theoretical, or heuristic approaches. The types of model analyses supported by the JUPITER API include, but are not limited to, sensitivity analysis, data needs assessment, calibration, uncertainty analysis, model discrimination, and optimization. The advantages provided by the JUPITER API for users and programmers allow for rapid programming and testing of new ideas. Application-specific coding can be in languages other than the Fortran-90 of the API. This article briefly describes the capabilities and utility of the JUPITER API, lists existing applications, and uses UCODE_2005 as an example.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2007.03.016","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Banta, E.R., Hill, M.C., Poeter, E., Doherty, J., and Babendreier, J., 2008, Building model analysis applications with the Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability (JUPITER) API: Computers & Geosciences, v. 34, no. 4, p. 310-319, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2007.03.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"319","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214969,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2007.03.016"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a8e4b0c8380cd4b29e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, E. R.","contributorId":63038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poeter, E.","contributorId":48708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doherty, J.E.","contributorId":86580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Babendreier, J.","contributorId":89367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babendreier","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033366,"text":"70033366 - 2008 - Constraints on the Pleistocene chronology of sediments from the Lomonosov Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033366","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on the Pleistocene chronology of sediments from the Lomonosov Ridge","docAbstract":"Despite its importance in the global climate system, age-calibrated marine geologic records reflecting the evolultion of glacial cycles through the Pleistocene are largely absent from the central Arctic Ocean. This is especially true for sediments older than 200 ka. Three sites cored during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program's Expedition 302, the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX), provide a 27 m continuous sedimentary section from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean. Two key biostratigraphic datums and constraints from the magnetic inclination data are used to anchor the chronology of these sediments back to the base of the Cobb Mountain subchron (1215 ka). Beyond 1215 ka, two best fitting geomagnetic models are used to investigate the nature of cyclostratigraphic change. Within this chronology we show that bulk and mineral magnetic properties of the sediments vary on predicted Milankovitch frequencies. These cyclic variations record \"glacial\" and \"interglacial\" modes of sediment deposition on the Lomonosov Ridge as evident in studies of ice-rafted debris and stable isotopic and faunal assemblages for the last two glacial cycles and were used to tune the age model. Potential errors, which largely arise from uncertainties in the nature of downhole paleomagnetic variability, and the choice of a tuning target are handled by defining an error envelope that is based on the best fitting cyclostratigraphic and geomagnetic solutions. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleoceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007PA001551","issn":"08838305","usgsCitation":"O’Regan, M., King, J., Backman, J., Jakobsson, M., Palike, H., Moran, K., Heil, C., Sakamoto, T., Cronin, T.M., and Jordan, R., 2008, Constraints on the Pleistocene chronology of sediments from the Lomonosov Ridge: Paleoceanography, v. 23, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001551.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487757,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/1699","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213476,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001551"},{"id":241102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa0ce4b0c8380cd4d8df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Regan, M.","contributorId":38361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Regan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, J.","contributorId":100143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Backman, J.","contributorId":49596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jakobsson, M.","contributorId":86970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palike, H.","contributorId":64021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palike","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moran, K.","contributorId":96479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Heil, C.","contributorId":68954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heil","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sakamoto, T.","contributorId":31573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakamoto","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":440522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jordan, R.W.","contributorId":42032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70033455,"text":"70033455 - 2008 - Seasonal habitat use of brook trout and juvenile Atlantic Salmon in a Tributary of Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-24T13:11:33","indexId":"70033455","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal habitat use of brook trout and juvenile Atlantic Salmon in a Tributary of Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"<p><span>The seasonal habitat use of&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>&nbsp;(Brook Trout) and sub-yearling&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo salar&nbsp;</i><span>(Atlantic Salmon) was examined in Hart Brook, a tributary of Lake Ontario. Fish habitat use and available habitat were examined during summer and autumn. Interspecific differences in habitat use occurred as well as intraspecific seasonal differences. Overyearling Brook Trout were more selective in their habitat preferences than subyearling Brook Trout or juvenile Atlantic Salmon. Depth and the amount of cover were significantly different among the three fish groups. Salmon occupied faster and shallower water than either age group of trout. Atlantic Salmon were also associated with larger-sized substrate materials than either trout age group, and salmon occurred in habitats with less cover than trout. Overyearling Brook Trout occupied deeper water with more cover than subyearling trout. All three salmonid groups occupied areas with more cover in autumn compared to summer. In autumn, subyearling Brook Trout used deeper areas than they had in the summer. In Hart Brook, the habitat of subyearling Atlantic Salmon can be generally characterized as riffles, the habitat of overyearling Brook Trout was deep pools with extensive cover (35%), and that of subyearling trout was any area with moderate flow and at least 20% cover. As efforts proceed to reintroduce Atlantic Salmon in Lake Ontario, further research is needed to ensure the conservation of Brook Trout populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Humboldt Field Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Steuben, ME","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194-15.3.363","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., 2008, Seasonal habitat use of brook trout and juvenile Atlantic Salmon in a Tributary of Lake Ontario: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 15, no. 3, p. 363-374, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194-15.3.363.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241883,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Hart Brook, Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.1,\n              43.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.1,\n              43.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -76,\n              43.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -76,\n              43.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.1,\n              43.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88afe4b08c986b316ae3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033362,"text":"70033362 - 2008 - Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: A retrospective analysis in a reach of large river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033362","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: A retrospective analysis in a reach of large river","docAbstract":"Interest in understanding physical and hydraulic factors that might drive distribution and abundance of freshwater mussels has been increasing due to their decline throughout North America. We assessed whether the spatial distribution of unionid mussels could be predicted from physical and hydraulic variables in a reach of the Upper Mississippi River. Classification and regression tree (CART) models were constructed using mussel data compiled from various sources and explanatory variables derived from GIS coverages. Prediction success of CART models for presence-absence of mussels ranged from 71 to 76% across three gears (brail, sled-dredge, and dive-quadrat) and 51% of the deviance in abundance. Models were largely driven by shear stress and substrate stability variables, but interactions with simple physical variables, especially slope, were also important. Geospatial models, which were based on tree model results, predicted few mussels in poorly connected backwater areas (e.g., floodplain lakes) and the navigation channel, whereas main channel border areas with high geomorphic complexity (e.g., river bends, islands, side channel entrances) and small side channels were typically favorable to mussels. Moreover, bootstrap aggregation of discharge-specific regression tree models of dive-quadrat data indicated that variables measured at low discharge were about 25% more predictive (PMSE = 14.8) than variables measured at median discharge (PMSE = 20.4) with high discharge (PMSE = 17.1) variables intermediate. This result suggests that episodic events such as droughts and floods were important in structuring mussel distributions. Although the substantial mussel and ancillary data in our study reach is unusual, our approach to develop exploratory statistical and geospatial models should be useful even when data are more limited. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-007-9167-1","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Zigler, S.J., Newton, T., Steuer, J.J., Bartsch, M., and Sauer, J., 2008, Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: A retrospective analysis in a reach of large river: Hydrobiologia, v. 598, no. 1, p. 343-360, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9167-1.","startPage":"343","endPage":"360","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213440,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9167-1"},{"id":241066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"598","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a393fe4b0c8380cd61869","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zigler, S. J.","contributorId":21513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zigler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steuer, J. J.","contributorId":12430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartsch, M.R.","contributorId":42908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauer, J.S.","contributorId":106455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035532,"text":"70035532 - 2008 - Deciphering the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event in the central Appalachian foreland basin, southern West Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035532","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deciphering the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event in the central Appalachian foreland basin, southern West Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"A prominent unconformity, present across shallow shelf areas of the Euramerican paleoequatorial basins, is used to demark the boundary between the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian subsystems. This unconformity, the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event, is generally attributed to a major glacio-eustatic sea-level fall. Although a Mississippian-Pennsylvanian unconformity is recognized throughout most of the Appalachian region, the record of the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event in the structurally deepest part of the basin has been controversial. Based on early reports that suggested the most complete Pennsylvanian section was present in southern West Virginia, various conceptual depositional models postulated continuous sedimentation between the youngest Mississippian Bluestone Formation and the oldest Penn-sylvanian Pocahontas Formation. In contrast, tabular-erosion models envisioned axial drainage systems that evolved in response to changing basin dynamics. These models predicted a Mississippian-Pennsylvanian unconformity. All these models suffered from a lack of biostratigraphic control. The presence of a sub-Pocahontas paleovalley, herein named the Lashmeet paleovalley, has been confirmed in southern West Virginia. The Lashmeet paleovalley was incised over 35 m into Bluestone strata and filled by lithic sands derived from the Appalachian orogen to the northeast and east. The polygenetic Green Valley paleosol complex marks the Bluestone-Pocahontas contact on associated interfluves. Together, these features indicate a substantial period of subaerial exposure and argue strongly in favor of a Mississippian-Pennsylvanian unconformity. Paleontologic data from the Bluestone Formation, including marine invertebrates and conodonts from the marine Bramwell Member and paleofloral data, support a late, but not latest, Arnsbergian age assignment. Marine fossils are not known from the Pocahontas Formation, but macrofloral and palynomorph taxa support a Langsettian age for most of the Poca-hontas. The biostratigraphic, sedimentologic, and paleogeographic data support the presence of an early Pennsylvanian (middle to late Namurian) disconformity in the Appalachian Basin that corresponds to the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event. ?? 2008 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2441(17)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Blake, B., and Beuthin, J., 2008, Deciphering the mid-Carboniferous eustatic event in the central Appalachian foreland basin, southern West Virginia, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 441, p. 249-260, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2441(17).","startPage":"249","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216211,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2441(17)"},{"id":244065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"441","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe04e4b0c8380cd4ea8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blake, B.M. Jr.","contributorId":62430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"B.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beuthin, J.D.","contributorId":43595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beuthin","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}