{"pageNumber":"918","pageRowStart":"22925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40803,"records":[{"id":70033295,"text":"70033295 - 2008 - Groundwater nutrient concentrations near an incised midwestern stream: Effects of floodplain lithology and land management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033295","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater nutrient concentrations near an incised midwestern stream: Effects of floodplain lithology and land management","docAbstract":"It has been recognized that subsurface lithology plays an important role in controlling nutrient cycling and transport in riparian zones. In Iowa and adjacent states, the majority of alluvium preserved in small and moderate sized valleys consists of Holocene-age organic-rich, and fine-grained loam. In this paper, we describe and evaluate spatial and temporal patterns of lithology and groundwater nutrient concentrations at a riparian well transect across Walnut Creek at the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge in Jasper County, Iowa. Land treatment on one side of the stream reduced the grass cover to bare ground and allowed assessment of the effects of land management on nutrient concentrations. Results indicated that groundwater in Holocene alluvium is very nutrient rich with background concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon that exceed many environmentally sensitive criteria. Average concentrations of ammonium exceeded 1 mg/l in several wells under grass cover whereas nitrate concentrations exceeded 20 mg/l in wells under bare ground. Phosphate concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 1.3 mg/l and DOC concentrations exceeded 5 mg/l in many wells. Denitrification, channel incision, land management and geologic age of alluvium were found to contribute to variable nutrient loading patterns at the site. Study results indicated that riparian zones of incised streams downcutting through nutrient-rich Holocene alluvium can potentially be a significant source of nutrient loadings to streams. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10533-008-9177-8","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., and Jacobson, P., 2008, Groundwater nutrient concentrations near an incised midwestern stream: Effects of floodplain lithology and land management: Biogeochemistry, v. 87, no. 2, p. 199-216, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9177-8.","startPage":"199","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9177-8"},{"id":240826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dace4b0c8380cd5bfa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, P.","contributorId":11412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033290,"text":"70033290 - 2008 - Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033290","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","docAbstract":"To predict the distributions of breeding birds in the state of Georgia, USA, we built hierarchical models consisting of 4 levels of nested mapping units of decreasing area: 90,000 ha, 3,600 ha, 144 ha, and 5.76 ha. We used the Partners in Flight database of point counts to generate presence and absence data at locations across the state of Georgia for 9 avian species: Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), brownheaded nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea), northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor), yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyxus americanus), white-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus), and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina). At each location, we estimated hierarchical-level-specific habitat measurements using the Georgia GAP Analysis18 class land cover and other Geographic Information System sources. We created candidate, species-specific occupancy models based on previously reported relationships, and fit these using Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures implemented in OpenBugs. We then created a confidence model set for each species based on Akaike's Information Criterion. We found hierarchical habitat relationships for all species. Three-fold cross-validation estimates of model accuracy indicated an average overall correct classification rate of 60.5%. Comparisons with existing Georgia GAP Analysis models indicated that our models were more accurate overall. Our results provide guidance to wildlife scientists and managers seeking predict avian occurrence as a function of local and landscape-level habitat attributes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-098","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Howell, J., Peterson, J., and Conroy, M., 2008, Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 1, p. 168-178, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-098.","startPage":"168","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-098"},{"id":240728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a8e4b0c8380cd4b29b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, J.E.","contributorId":28694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, J.T.","contributorId":30170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033722,"text":"70033722 - 2008 - Seasonal temperature responses to land-use change in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033722","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal temperature responses to land-use change in the western United States","docAbstract":"In the western United States, more than 79 000??km2 has been converted to irrigated agriculture and urban areas. These changes have the potential to alter surface temperature by modifying the energy budget at the land-atmosphere interface. This study reports the seasonally varying temperature responses of four regional climate models (RCMs) - RSM, RegCM3, MM5-CLM3, and DRCM - to conversion of potential natural vegetation to modern land-cover and land-use over a 1-year period. Three of the RCMs supplemented soil moisture, producing large decreases in the August mean (- 1.4 to - 3.1????C) and maximum (- 2.9 to - 6.1????C) 2-m air temperatures where natural vegetation was converted to irrigated agriculture. Conversion to irrigated agriculture also resulted in large increases in relative humidity (9% to 36% absolute change). Modeled changes in the August minimum 2-m air temperature were not as pronounced or consistent across the models. Converting natural vegetation to urban land-cover produced less pronounced temperature effects in all models, with the magnitude of the effect dependent upon the preexisting vegetation type and urban parameterizations. Overall, the RCM results indicate that the temperature impacts of land-use change are most pronounced during the summer months, when surface heating is strongest and differences in surface soil moisture between irrigated land and natural vegetation are largest. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.03.005","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Kueppers, L., Snyder, M., Sloan, L., Cayan, D., Jin, J., Kanamaru, H., Kanamitsu, M., Miller, N., Tyree, M., Du, H., and Weare, B., 2008, Seasonal temperature responses to land-use change in the western United States: Global and Planetary Change, v. 60, no. 3-4, p. 250-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.03.005.","startPage":"250","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.03.005"},{"id":241799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88dce4b08c986b316be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kueppers, L.M.","contributorId":95703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kueppers","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, M.A.","contributorId":30053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sloan, L.C.","contributorId":83688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jin, J.","contributorId":28084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kanamaru, H.","contributorId":40816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamaru","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kanamitsu, M.","contributorId":9443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamitsu","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, N.L.","contributorId":82904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tyree, Mary","contributorId":85414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyree","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Du, H.","contributorId":12275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weare, B.","contributorId":91701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weare","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70033721,"text":"70033721 - 2008 - Factors controlling nitrogen release from two forested catchments with contrasting hydrochemical responses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:48:33","indexId":"70033721","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors controlling nitrogen release from two forested catchments with contrasting hydrochemical responses","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Quantifying biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen (N) and the associated fluxes to surface waters remains challenging, given the need to deal with spatial and temporal variability and to characterize complex and heterogeneous landscapes. We focused our study on catchments S14 and S15 located in the Adirondack Mountains of New York, USA, which have similar topographic and hydrologic characteristics but contrasting stream nitrate ($\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$) concentrations. We characterized the mechanisms by which $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>reaches the streams during hydrological events in these catchments, aiming to reconcile our field data with our conceptual model of factors that regulate nutrient exports from forested catchments. Combined hydrometric, chemical and isotopic (δ$\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$) data showed that the relative contributions of both soil and ground water sources were similar between the two catchments. Temporal patterns of stream chemistry were markedly different between S14 and S15, however, because the water sources in the two catchments have different solute concentrations. During late summer/fall, the largest source of $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>in S14 was till groundwater, whereas shallow soil was the largest $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>source in S15. $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations in surface water decreased in S14, whereas they increased in S15 because an increasing proportion of stream flow was derived from shallow soil sources. During snowmelt, the largest sources of $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$were in the near‐surface soil in both catchments. Concentrations of $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>increased as stream discharge increased and usually peaked before peak discharge, when shallow soil water sources made the largest contribution to stream discharge. The timing of peaks in stream $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$concentrations was affected by antecedent moisture conditions. By elucidating the factors that affect sources and transport of N, including differences in the soil nutrient cycling and hydrological characteristics of S14 and S15, this study contributes to the overall conceptualization of $\\hbox{NO}_{3}^{-}$<span>&nbsp;</span>release from temperate forested catchments.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6632","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Christopher, S., Mitchell, M., McHale, M., Boyer, E., Burns, D.A., and Kendall, C., 2008, Factors controlling nitrogen release from two forested catchments with contrasting hydrochemical responses: Hydrological Processes, v. 22, no. 1, p. 46-62, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6632.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214559,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6632"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ebae4b0c8380cd535c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christopher, S.F.","contributorId":52413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, M.J.","contributorId":72940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHale, Michael 0000-0003-3780-1816 mmchale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-1816","contributorId":177292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Michael","email":"mmchale@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyer, E.W.","contributorId":56358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendall, C. 0000-0002-0247-3405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":35050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033719,"text":"70033719 - 2008 - Changes in consumption by alewives and lake whitefish after dreissenid mussel invasions in Lakes Michigan and Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033719","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in consumption by alewives and lake whitefish after dreissenid mussel invasions in Lakes Michigan and Huron","docAbstract":"Growth of alewives Alosa pseudoharengus and lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis has declined since the arrival and spread of dreissenid mussels in Lakes Michigan and Huron. Alewives are the main forage for the salmonids in Lake Michigan, and lake whitefish are the most important commercial species in both lakes. Bioenergetics modeling was used to determine consumption by the average individual fish before and after the dreissenid invasion and to provide insight into the invasion's effects on fish growth and food web dynamics. Alewives feed on both Zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates, and lake whitefish are benthivores. Annual consumption of zooplankton by an average alewife in Lake Michigan was 37% lower and consumption of benthic macroinvertebrates (amphipods Diporeia spp., opossum shrimp Mysis relicta, and Chironomidae) was 19% lower during the postinvasion period (1995-2005) than during the preinvasion period (1983-1994). Reduced consumption by alewives corresponded with reduced alewife growth. In Lakes Michigan and Huron, consumption of nonmollusk macroinvertebrates (Diporeia spp., opossum shrimp, Chironomidae) by the average lake whitefish was 46-96% lower and consumption of mollusks (mainly dreissenids and gastropods) was 2-5 times greater during the postinvasion period than during the preinvasion period. Even though total food consumption by lake whitefish did not differ between the two periods in Lake Huron or the Southern Management Unit in Lake Michigan, postinvasion weight at age was at least 38% lower than preinvasion weight at age. Under the current postinvasion diet regime, consumption by lake whitefish would have to increase by up to 122% to achieve preinvasion growth rates. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M07-022.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Pothoven, S., and Madenjian, C., 2008, Changes in consumption by alewives and lake whitefish after dreissenid mussel invasions in Lakes Michigan and Huron: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 1, p. 308-320, https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-022.1.","startPage":"308","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214526,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M07-022.1"},{"id":242260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f40ee4b0c8380cd4baf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pothoven, S.A.","contributorId":52778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pothoven","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033286,"text":"70033286 - 2008 - Comparisons between consumption estimates from bioenergetics simulations and field measurements for walleyes from Oneida Lake, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70033286","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparisons between consumption estimates from bioenergetics simulations and field measurements for walleyes from Oneida Lake, New York","docAbstract":"Daily consumption was estimated from the stomach contents of walleyes Sander vitreus collected weekly from Oneida Lake, New York, during June-October 1975, 1992, 1993, and 1994 for one to four age-groups per year. Field rations were highly variable between weeks, and trends in ration size varied both seasonally and annually. The coefficient of variation for weekly field rations within years and ages ranged from 45% to 97%. Field estimates were compared with simulated consumption from a bioenergetics model. The simulation averages of daily ration deviated from those of the field estimates by -20.1% to +70.3%, with a mean across all simulations of +14.3%. The deviations for each time step were much greater than those for the simulation averages, ranging from -92.8% to +363.6%. A systematic trend in the deviations was observed, the model producing overpredictions at rations less than 3.7% of body weight. Analysis of variance indicated that the deviations were affected by sample year and week but not age. Multiple linear regression using backwards selection procedures and Akaike's information criterion indicated that walleye weight, walleye growth, lake temperature, prey energy density, and the proportion of gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum in the diet significantly affected the deviations between simulated and field rations and explained 32% of the variance. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-051.1","issn":"00028","usgsCitation":"Lantry, B., Rudstam, L.G., Forney, J., VanDeValk, A., Mills, E., Stewart, D., and Adams, J., 2008, Comparisons between consumption estimates from bioenergetics simulations and field measurements for walleyes from Oneida Lake, New York: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 5, p. 1406-1421, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-051.1.","startPage":"1406","endPage":"1421","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213595,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-051.1"},{"id":241235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8c0e4b0c8380cd4d28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lantry, B.F.","contributorId":19105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudstam, L. G.","contributorId":24720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudstam","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forney, J.L.","contributorId":47133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forney","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanDeValk, A.J.","contributorId":51071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDeValk","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, E.L.","contributorId":73525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, D.J.","contributorId":52535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, J.V.","contributorId":94069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70032885,"text":"70032885 - 2008 - Resolving model parameter values from carbon and nitrogen stock measurements in a wide range of tropical mature forests using nonlinear inversion and regression trees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:12:35","indexId":"70032885","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving model parameter values from carbon and nitrogen stock measurements in a wide range of tropical mature forests using nonlinear inversion and regression trees","docAbstract":"Objectively assessing the performance of a model and deriving model parameter values from observations are critical and challenging in landscape to regional modeling. In this paper, we applied a nonlinear inversion technique to calibrate the ecosystem model CENTURY against carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stock measurements collected from 39 mature tropical forest sites in seven life zones in Costa Rica. Net primary productivity from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), C and N stocks in aboveground live biomass, litter, coarse woody debris (CWD), and in soils were used to calibrate the model. To investigate the resolution of available observations on the number of adjustable parameters, inversion was performed using nine setups of adjustable parameters. Statistics including observation sensitivity, parameter correlation coefficient, parameter sensitivity, and parameter confidence limits were used to evaluate the information content of observations, resolution of model parameters, and overall model performance. Results indicated that soil organic carbon content, soil nitrogen content, and total aboveground biomass carbon had the highest information contents, while measurements of carbon in litter and nitrogen in CWD contributed little to the parameter estimation processes. The available information could resolve the values of 2-4 parameters. Adjusting just one parameter resulted in under-fitting and unacceptable model performance, while adjusting five parameters simultaneously led to over-fitting. Results further indicated that the MODIS NPP values were compressed as compared with the spatial variability of net primary production (NPP) values inferred from inverse modeling. Using inverse modeling to infer NPP and other sensitive model parameters from C and N stock observations provides an opportunity to utilize data collected by national to regional forest inventory systems to reduce the uncertainties in the carbon cycle and generate valuable databases to validate and improve MODIS NPP algorithms.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.07.025","issn":"03043","usgsCitation":"Liu, S., Anderson, P., Zhou, G., Kauffman, B., Hughes, F., Schimel, D., Watson, V., and Tosi, J., 2008, Resolving model parameter values from carbon and nitrogen stock measurements in a wide range of tropical mature forests using nonlinear inversion and regression trees: Ecological Modelling, v. 219, no. 3-4, p. 327-341, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.07.025.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213626,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.07.025"}],"volume":"219","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa9dae4b0c8380cd85feb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, P.","contributorId":102682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhou, G.","contributorId":12604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kauffman, B.","contributorId":47176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, F.","contributorId":101091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schimel, D.","contributorId":38781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schimel","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watson, Vicente","contributorId":31992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tosi, Joseph","contributorId":67302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosi","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032884,"text":"70032884 - 2008 - Sympatric Masticophis flagellum and Coluber constrictor select vertebrate prey at different levels of taxonomy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70032884","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sympatric Masticophis flagellum and Coluber constrictor select vertebrate prey at different levels of taxonomy","docAbstract":"Masticophis flagellum (Coachwhip) and Coluber constrictor (Eastern Racer) are widespread North American snakes with similar foraging modes and habits. Little is known about the selection of prey by either species, and despite their apparently similar foraging habits, comparative studies of the foraging ecology of sympatric M. flagellum and C. constrictor are lacking. We examined the foraging ecology and prey selection of these actively foraging snakes in xeric, open-canopied Florida scrub habitat by defining prey availability separately for each snake to elucidate mechanisms underlying geographic, temporal, and interspecific variation in predator diets. Nineteen percent of M. flagellum and 28% of C. constrictor contained stomach contents, and most snakes contained only one prey item. Mean relative prey mass for both species was less than 10%. Larger C. constrictor consumed larger prey than small individuals, but this relationship disappeared when prey size was scaled to snake size. Masticophis flagellum was selective at the prey category level, and positively selected lizards and mammals; however, within these categories it consumed prey species in proportion to their availability. In contrast, C. constrictor preyed upon prey categories opportunistically, but was selective with regard to species. Specifically, C. constrictor positively selected Hyla femoralis (Pine Woods Treefrog) and negatively selected Bufo querclcus (Oak Toad), B. terrestris (Southern Toad), and Gastrophryne carolinensis (Eastern Narrowmouth Toad). Thus, despite their similar foraging habits, M. flagellum and C. constrictor select different prey and are selective of prey at different levels of taxonomy. ?? 2008 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1643/CE-07-221","issn":"00458","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Mushinsky, H., and McCoy, E., 2008, Sympatric Masticophis flagellum and Coluber constrictor select vertebrate prey at different levels of taxonomy: Copeia, no. 4, p. 897-908, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-07-221.","startPage":"897","endPage":"908","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214091,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-07-221"}],"issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba337e4b08c986b31fc05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, B.J.","contributorId":42045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushinsky, H.R.","contributorId":54416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushinsky","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, E.D.","contributorId":15022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033285,"text":"70033285 - 2008 - Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T17:36:36","indexId":"70033285","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.","docAbstract":"<p>In addition to forecasting population growth, basic demographic data combined with movement data provide a means for predicting rates of range expansion. Quantitative models of range expansion have rarely been applied to large vertebrates, although such tools could be useful for restoration and management of many threatened but recovering populations. Using the southern sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) as a case study, we utilized integro-difference equations in combination with a stage-structured projection matrix that incorporated spatial variation in dispersal and demography to make forecasts of population recovery and range recolonization. In addition to these basic predictions, we emphasize how to make these modeling predictions useful in a management context through the inclusion of parameter uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Our models resulted in hind-cast (1989–2003) predictions of net population growth and range expansion that closely matched observed patterns. We next made projections of future range expansion and population growth, incorporating uncertainty in all model parameters, and explored the sensitivity of model predictions to variation in spatially explicit survival and dispersal rates. The predicted rate of southward range expansion (median = 5.2 km/yr) was sensitive to both dispersal and survival rates; elasticity analysis indicated that changes in adult survival would have the greatest potential effect on the rate of range expansion, while perturbation analysis showed that variation in subadult dispersal contributed most to variance in model predictions. Variation in survival and dispersal of females at the south end of the range contributed most of the variance in predicted southward range expansion. Our approach provides guidance for the acquisition of further data and a means of forecasting the consequence of specific management actions. Similar methods could aid in the management of other recovering populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/07-0735.1","usgsCitation":"Tinker, M.T., Doak, D., and Estes, J.A., 2008, Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.: Ecological Applications, v. 18, no. 7, p. 1781-1794, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0735.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1781","endPage":"1794","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc043e4b08c986b32a013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doak, D.F.","contributorId":39729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033280,"text":"70033280 - 2008 - Numerical modeling of time-lapse monitoring of CO2 sequestration in a layered basalt reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033280","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Numerical modeling of time-lapse monitoring of CO2 sequestration in a layered basalt reservoir","docAbstract":"As part of preparations in plans by The Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership (BSCSP) to inject CO2 in layered basalt, we numerically investigate seismic methods as a noninvasive monitoring technique. Basalt seems to have geochemical advantages as a reservoir for CO2 storage (CO2 mineralizes quite rapidly while exposed to basalt), but poses a considerable challenge in term of seismic monitoring: strong scattering from the layering of the basalt complicates surface seismic imaging. We perform numerical tests using the Spectral Element Method (SEM) to identify possibilities and limitations of seismic monitoring of CO2 sequestration in a basalt reservoir. While surface seismic is unlikely to detect small physical changes in the reservoir due to the injection of CO2, the results from Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) simulations are encouraging. As a perturbation, we make a 5%; change in wave velocity, which produces significant changes in VSP images of pre-injection and post-injection conditions. Finally, we perform an analysis using Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI), to quantify these changes in the reservoir properties due to CO2 injection.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3064008","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"Khatiwada, M., Van Wijk, K., Clement, W., and Haney, M., 2008, Numerical modeling of time-lapse monitoring of CO2 sequestration in a layered basalt reservoir, <i>in</i> SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 3189-3193, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3064008.","startPage":"3189","endPage":"3193","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213502,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3064008"},{"id":241131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68fee4b0c8380cd73aeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khatiwada, M.","contributorId":31584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khatiwada","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Wijk, K.","contributorId":16551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wijk","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clement, W.P.","contributorId":42791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haney, M.","contributorId":38264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033279,"text":"70033279 - 2008 - Successful gas hydrate prospecting using 3D seismic - A case study for the Mt. Elbert prospect, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033279","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Successful gas hydrate prospecting using 3D seismic - A case study for the Mt. Elbert prospect, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska","docAbstract":"In February 2007, the Mt. Elbert Prospect stratigraphic test well, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska encountered thick methane gas hydrate intervals, as predicted by 3D seismic interpretation and modeling. Methane gas hydrate-saturated sediment was found in two intervals, totaling more than 100 ft., identified and mapped based on seismic character and wavelet modeling.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3054848","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"Inks, T., and Agena, W., 2008, Successful gas hydrate prospecting using 3D seismic - A case study for the Mt. Elbert prospect, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska, <i>in</i> SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 473-477, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3054848.","startPage":"473","endPage":"477","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213472,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3054848"},{"id":241098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9da2e4b08c986b31d97b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inks, T.L.","contributorId":79311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inks","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agena, Warren F.","contributorId":67079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033277,"text":"70033277 - 2008 - Application of high-resolution linear Radon transform for Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging and mode separating","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033277","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Application of high-resolution linear Radon transform for Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging and mode separating","docAbstract":"Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) analysis is an efficient tool to obtain the vertical shear-wave profile. One of the key steps in the MASW method is to generate an image of dispersive energy in the frequency-velocity domain, so dispersion curves can be determined by picking peaks of dispersion energy. In this paper, we image Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy and separate multimodes from a multichannel record by high-resolution linear Radon transform (LRT). We first introduce Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging by high-resolution LRT. We then show the process of Rayleigh-wave mode separation. Results of synthetic and real-world examples demonstrate that (1) compared with slant stacking algorithm, high-resolution LRT can improve the resolution of images of dispersion energy by more than 50% (2) high-resolution LRT can successfully separate multimode dispersive energy of Rayleigh waves with high resolution; and (3) multimode separation and reconstruction expand frequency ranges of higher mode dispersive energy, which not only increases the investigation depth but also provides a means to accurately determine cut-off frequencies.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3059376","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"Luo, Y., Xia, J., Miller, R., Liu, J., Xu, Y., and Liu, Q., 2008, Application of high-resolution linear Radon transform for Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging and mode separating, <i>in</i> SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 1233-1237, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3059376.","startPage":"1233","endPage":"1237","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213470,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3059376"},{"id":241096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eca4e4b0c8380cd493d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Q.","contributorId":17827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034485,"text":"70034485 - 2008 - Holocene vertical displacement on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034485","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene vertical displacement on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","docAbstract":"Compiled per-event vertical-displacement observations from 17 paleoseismic sites along the six central segments of the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ) highlight possible biases and trends in displacement along the fault. The displacement data are consistent with a model of characteristic-type slip, but anomalous and variable displacements indicate that significant natural variability in displacement occurs. When combined into a composite distribution of displacement, 79% of the data fit within a displacement envelope that shows displacement decreasing in a half-ellipse shape from 1.4-3.5 m near the segment centers to 0.6-2.5 m near the ends. Additionally, displacements normalized by the distance from the segment centers to ends decrease from means of 2.0-3.0 m near the segment centers to 1.3-1.9 m near the ends, consistent with characteristic-type slip termination. Although several paleoseismic sites exhibit repeated, similar displacements, the data are sparse and both low-valued (0.5-0.8 m) and high-valued (4.2-4.7 m) outliers suggest complex strain release, possibly resulting from segment interaction and/or noncharacteristic events. Although a global, normal-fault-type surface-rupture-length (SRL) average-displacement regression underpredicts observed WFZ displacements, the largest displacements per segment correspond well with a SRL maximum-displacement regression. This correlation, as well as moderate variability in SRL- and displacement-based moment magnitude, suggests that the anomalous displacements represent the intrinsic variability in characteristic displacement per segment. Thus, minor variations to the characteristic slip model to account for exceptional upper- and lower-bound displacements, e.g., a hybrid characteristic-variable slip model, may be appropriate for the WFZ. Additional paleoseismic data are necessary to address data gaps and biases, to facilitate more robust tests of earthquake-slip models, and to reduce uncertainty in SRL, displacement, and magnitude.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080119","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"DuRoss, C., 2008, Holocene vertical displacement on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 6, p. 2918-2933, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080119.","startPage":"2918","endPage":"2933","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080119"},{"id":243749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31fce4b0c8380cd5e40a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuRoss, C. B.","contributorId":86003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"C. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033276,"text":"70033276 - 2008 - Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033276","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault","docAbstract":"We use GPS data to measure the aseismic slip along the central San Andreas fault (CSAF) and the deformation across adjacent faults. Comparison of EDM and GPS data sets implies that, except for small-scale transients, the fault motion has been steady over the last 40 years. We add 42 new GPS, velocities along the CSAF to constrain the regional strain distribution. Shear strain rates are less than 0.083 ?? 0.010 ??strain/yr adjacent to the creeping SAF, with 1-4.5 mm/yr of contraction across the Coast Ranges. Dislocation modeling of the data gives a deep, long-term slip rate of 31-35 mm/yr and a shallow (0-12 km) creep rate of 28 mm/yr along the central portion of the CSAF, consistent with surface creep measurements. The lower shallow slip rate may be due to the effect of partial locking along the CSAF or reflect reduced creep rates late in the earthquake cycle of the adjoining SAF rupture zones. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008GL034437","issn":"00948","usgsCitation":"Rolandone, F., Burgmann, R., Agnew, D., Johanson, I., Templeton, D., d'Alessio, M., Titus, S., DeMets, C., and Tikoff, B., 2008, Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 35, no. 14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034437.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213469,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034437"},{"id":241095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb7e4b0c8380cd4997a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rolandone, F.","contributorId":54783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rolandone","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgmann, R.","contributorId":10167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agnew, D.C.","contributorId":32186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johanson, I.A.","contributorId":36735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"I.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Templeton, D.C.","contributorId":89016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templeton","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"d'Alessio, M. A.","contributorId":43159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d'Alessio","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Titus, S.J.","contributorId":101523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeMets, C.","contributorId":19308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMets","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tikoff, B.","contributorId":90934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tikoff","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70033274,"text":"70033274 - 2008 - Hierarchical modeling of bycatch rates of sea turtles in the western North Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033274","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical modeling of bycatch rates of sea turtles in the western North Atlantic","docAbstract":"Previous studies indicate that the locations of the endangered loggerhead Caretta caretta and critically endangered leatherback Dermochelys coriacea sea turtles are influenced by water temperatures, and that incidental catch rates in the pelagic longline fishery vary by region. We present a Bayesian hierarchical model to examine the effects of environmental variables, including water temperature, on the number of sea turtles captured in the US pelagic longline fishery in the western North Atlantic. The modeling structure is highly flexible, utilizes a Bayesian model selection technique, and is fully implemented in the software program WinBUGS. The number of sea turtles captured is modeled as a zero-inflated Poisson distribution and the model incorporates fixed effects to examine region-specific differences in the parameter estimates. Results indicate that water temperature, region, bottom depth, and target species are all significant predictors of the number of loggerhead sea turtles captured. For leatherback sea turtles, the model with only target species had the most posterior model weight, though a re-parameterization of the model indicates that temperature influences the zero-inflation parameter. The relationship between the number of sea turtles captured and the variables of interest all varied by region. This suggests that management decisions aimed at reducing sea turtle bycatch may be more effective if they are spatially explicit. ?? Inter-Research 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Endangered Species Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3354/esr00105","issn":"18635","usgsCitation":"Gardner, B., Sullivan, P., Epperly, S., and Morreale, S., 2008, Hierarchical modeling of bycatch rates of sea turtles in the western North Atlantic: Endangered Species Research, v. 5, no. 2-3, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00105.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476808,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00105","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213434,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00105"},{"id":241059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a309de4b0c8380cd5d7c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, B.","contributorId":26793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, P.J.","contributorId":38762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Epperly, S.","contributorId":85408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epperly","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morreale, S.J.","contributorId":101463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morreale","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033273,"text":"70033273 - 2008 - Characterizing an \"uncharacteristics\" ETS event in northern Cascadia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033273","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing an \"uncharacteristics\" ETS event in northern Cascadia","docAbstract":"GPS and borehole strainmeter data allowed the detection and model characterization of a slow slip event in northern Cascadia in November 2006 accompanying a brief episode of seismic tremor. The event is much smaller in area and duration than other well-known ETS events in northern Cascadia but is strikingly similar to typical ETS events at the Nankai subduction zone. The 30-45 km depth range and the 2-3 cm slip magnitude as interpreted for this event appear to be common to most ETS events in these two subduction zones, regardless of their sizes. We infer that the Nankai-type small ETS events must be abundant at Cascadia and that ETS event at the two subduction zones are governed by a similar physical process. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008GL034415","issn":"00948","usgsCitation":"Wang, K., Dragert, H., Kao, H., and Roeloffs, E., 2008, Characterizing an \"uncharacteristics\" ETS event in northern Cascadia: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 35, no. 15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034415.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213433,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034415"},{"id":241058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4eee4b0c8380cd4bff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, K.","contributorId":55975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dragert, H.","contributorId":8612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dragert","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kao, H.","contributorId":53585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kao","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roeloffs, E.","contributorId":21680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033271,"text":"70033271 - 2008 - Prominent pancreatic endocrinopathy and altered control of food intake disrupt energy homeostasis in prion diseases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-17T13:29:38","indexId":"70033271","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2247,"text":"Journal of Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prominent pancreatic endocrinopathy and altered control of food intake disrupt energy homeostasis in prion diseases","docAbstract":"Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases that can induce endocrinopathies. The basis of altered endocrine function in prion diseases is not well understood, and the purpose of this study was to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship between energy homeostasis and prion infection in hamsters inoculated with either the 139H strain of scrapie agent, which induces preclinical weight gain, or the HY strain of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), which induces clinical weight loss. Temporal changes in body weight, feed, and water intake were measured as well as both non-fasted and fasted concentrations of serum glucose, insulin, glucagon, ??-ketones, and leptin. In 139H scrapie-infected hamsters, polydipsia, hyperphagia, non-fasted hyperinsulinemia with hyperglycemia, and fasted hyperleptinemia were found at preclinical stages and are consistent with an anabolic syndrome that has similarities to type II diabetes mellitus and/or metabolic syndrome X. In HY TME-infected hamsters, hypodipsia, hypersecretion of glucagon (in both non-fasted and fasted states), increased fasted ??-ketones, fasted hypoglycemia, and suppressed non-fasted leptin concentrations were found while feed intake was normal. These findings suggest a severe catabolic syndrome in HY TME infection mediated by chronic increases in glucagon secretion. In both models, alterations of pancreatic endocrine function were not associated with PrPSc deposition in the pancreas. The results indicate that prominent endocrinopathy underlies alterations in body weight, pancreatic endocrine function, and intake of food. The prion-induced alterations of energy homeostasis in 139H scrapie- or HY TME-infected hamsters could occur within areas of the hypothalamus that control food satiety and/or within autonomic centers that provide neural outflow to the pancreas. ?? 2008 Society for Endocrinology.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Endocrinology","doi":"10.1677/JOE-07-0516","issn":"00220795","usgsCitation":"Bailey, J.D., Berardinelli, J., Rocke, T., and Bessen, R.A., 2008, Prominent pancreatic endocrinopathy and altered control of food intake disrupt energy homeostasis in prion diseases: Journal of Endocrinology, v. 197, no. 2, p. 251-263, https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0516.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"263","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476639,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0516","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0516"}],"volume":"197","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f05e4b0c8380cd7f52a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, J. D.","contributorId":66882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berardinelli, J.G.","contributorId":89727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berardinelli","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":88680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bessen, R. A.","contributorId":91611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033267,"text":"70033267 - 2008 - Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033267","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982","docAbstract":"GIS analysis at 30-m resolution reveals that effectiveness of slope-destabilizing processes in the San Francisco Bay area varies with compass direction. Nearly half the soil slip/debris flows mapped after the catastrophic rainstorm of 3-5 January 1982 occurred on slopes that face S to WSW, whereas fewer than one-quarter have a northerly aspect. Azimuthal analysis of hillside properties for susceptible terrain near the city of Oakland suggests that the skewed aspect of these landslides primarily reflects vegetation type, ridge and valley alignment, and storm-wind direction. Bedrock geology, soil expansivity, and terrain height and gradient also were influential but less so; the role of surface curvature is not wholly resolved. Normalising soil-slip aspect by that of the region's NNW-striking topography shifts the modal azimuth of soil-slip aspect from SW to SE, the direction of origin of winds during the 1982 storm-but opposite that of the prevailing WNW winds. Wind from a constant direction increases rainfall on windward slopes while diminishing it on leeward slopes, generating a modelled difference in hydrologically effective rainfall of up to 2:1 on steep hillsides in the Oakland area. This contrast is consistent with numerical simulations of wind-driven rain and with rainfall thresholds for debris-flow activity. We conclude that storm winds from the SE in January 1982 raised the vulnerability of the Bay region's many S-facing hillsides, most of which are covered in shallow-rooted shrub and grass that offer minimal resistance to soil slip. Wind-driven rainfall also appears to have controlled debris-flow location in a major 1998 storm and probably others. Incorporating this overlooked influence into GIS models of debris-flow likelihood would improve predictions of the hazard in central California and elsewhere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Pike, R., and Sobieszczyk, S., 2008, Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982: Geomorphology, v. 94, no. 3-4, p. 290-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024.","startPage":"290","endPage":"313","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213343,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024"},{"id":240959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b921be4b08c986b319ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pike, R.J.","contributorId":72814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pike","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sobieszczyk, S.","contributorId":30828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobieszczyk","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033262,"text":"70033262 - 2008 - Characterization of errors in a coupled snow hydrology-microwave emission model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033262","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of errors in a coupled snow hydrology-microwave emission model","docAbstract":"Traditional approaches to the direct estimation of snow properties from passive microwave remote sensing have been plagued by limitations such as the tendency of estimates to saturate for moderately deep snowpacks and the effects of mixed land cover within remotely sensed pixels. An alternative approach is to assimilate satellite microwave emission observations directly, which requires embedding an accurate microwave emissions model into a hydrologic prediction scheme, as well as quantitative information of model and observation errors. In this study a coupled snow hydrology [Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC)] and microwave emission [Dense Media Radiative Transfer (DMRT)] model are evaluated using multiscale brightness temperature (TB) measurements from the Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX). The ability of VIC to reproduce snowpack properties is shown with the use of snow pit measurements, while TB model predictions are evaluated through comparison with Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer (GBMR), air-craft [Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR)], and satellite [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E)] TB measurements. Limitations of the model at the point scale were not as evident when comparing areal estimates. The coupled model was able to reproduce the TB spatial patterns observed by PSR in two of three sites. However, this was mostly due to the presence of relatively dense forest cover. An interesting result occurs when examining the spatial scaling behavior of the higher-resolution errors; the satellite-scale error is well approximated by the mode of the (spatial) histogram of errors at the smaller scale. In addition, TB prediction errors were almost invariant when aggregated to the satellite scale, while forest-cover fractions greater than 30% had a significant effect on TB predictions. ?? 2008 American Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/2007JHM885.1","issn":"1525755X","usgsCitation":"Andreadis, K., Liang, D., Tsang, L., Lettenmaier, D., and Josberger, E., 2008, Characterization of errors in a coupled snow hydrology-microwave emission model: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 9, no. 1, p. 149-164, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JHM885.1.","startPage":"149","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476891,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2007jhm885.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213254,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007JHM885.1"},{"id":240861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c6e4b0c8380cd4beef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andreadis, K.M.","contributorId":8294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreadis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liang, D.","contributorId":66483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsang, L.","contributorId":43950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lettenmaier, D.P.","contributorId":61175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033261,"text":"70033261 - 2008 - Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033261","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas","docAbstract":"Sinkholes usually have a higher probability of occurrence and a greater genetic diversity in evaporite terrains than in carbonate karst areas. This is because evaporites have a higher solubility and, commonly, a lower mechanical strength. Subsidence damage resulting from evaporite dissolution generates substantial losses throughout the world, but the causes are only well understood in a few areas. To deal with these hazards, a phased approach is needed for sinkhole identification, investigation, prediction, and mitigation. Identification techniques include field surveys and geomorphological mapping combined with accounts from local people and historical sources. Detailed sinkhole maps can be constructed from sequential historical maps, recent topographical maps, and digital elevation models (DEMs) complemented with building-damage surveying, remote sensing, and high-resolution geodetic surveys. On a more detailed level, information from exposed paleosubsidence features (paleokarst), speleological explorations, geophysical investigations, trenching, dating techniques, and boreholes may help in investigating dissolution and subsidence features. Information on the hydrogeological pathways including caves, springs, and swallow holes are particularly important especially when corroborated by tracer tests. These diverse data sources make a valuable database-the karst inventory. From this dataset, sinkhole susceptibility zonations (relative probability) may be produced based on the spatial distribution of the features and good knowledge of the local geology. Sinkhole distribution can be investigated by spatial distribution analysis techniques including studies of preferential elongation, alignment, and nearest neighbor analysis. More objective susceptibility models may be obtained by analyzing the statistical relationships between the known sinkholes and the conditioning factors. Chronological information on sinkhole formation is required to estimate the probability of occurrence of sinkholes (number of sinkholes/km2 year). Such spatial and temporal predictions, frequently derived from limited records and based on the assumption that past sinkhole activity may be extrapolated to the future, are non-corroborated hypotheses. Validation methods allow us to assess the predictive capability of the susceptibility maps and to transform them into probability maps. Avoiding the most hazardous areas by preventive planning is the safest strategy for development in sinkhole-prone areas. Corrective measures could be applied to reduce the dissolution activity and subsidence processes. A more practical solution for safe development is to reduce the vulnerability of the structures by using subsidence-proof designs. ?? 2007 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Gutierrez, F., Cooper, A., and Johnson, K., 2008, Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas, <i>in</i> Environmental Geology, v. 53, no. 5, p. 1007-1022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1022","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476743,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/6745/1/Gutierrez_Cooper_Johnson_Env__Geol_V53_1007-1022.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213253,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4"},{"id":240860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3844e4b0c8380cd614de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutierrez, F.","contributorId":79309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, A.H.","contributorId":30046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, K.S.","contributorId":24385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033260,"text":"70033260 - 2008 - A quantile count model of water depth constraints on Cape Sable seaside sparrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033260","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantile count model of water depth constraints on Cape Sable seaside sparrows","docAbstract":"1. A quantile regression model for counts of breeding Cape Sable seaside sparrows Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis (L.) as a function of water depth and previous year abundance was developed based on extensive surveys, 1992-2005, in the Florida Everglades. The quantile count model extends linear quantile regression methods to discrete response variables, providing a flexible alternative to discrete parametric distributional models, e.g. Poisson, negative binomial and their zero-inflated counterparts. 2. Estimates from our multiplicative model demonstrated that negative effects of increasing water depth in breeding habitat on sparrow numbers were dependent on recent occupation history. Upper 10th percentiles of counts (one to three sparrows) decreased with increasing water depth from 0 to 30 cm when sites were not occupied in previous years. However, upper 40th percentiles of counts (one to six sparrows) decreased with increasing water depth for sites occupied in previous years. 3. Greatest decreases (-50% to -83%) in upper quantiles of sparrow counts occurred as water depths increased from 0 to 15 cm when previous year counts were 1, but a small proportion of sites (5-10%) held at least one sparrow even as water depths increased to 20 or 30 cm. 4. A zero-inflated Poisson regression model provided estimates of conditional means that also decreased with increasing water depth but rates of change were lower and decreased with increasing previous year counts compared to the quantile count model. Quantiles computed for the zero-inflated Poisson model enhanced interpretation of this model but had greater lack-of-fit for water depths > 0 cm and previous year counts 1, conditions where the negative effect of water depths were readily apparent and fitted better with the quantile count model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01311.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Cade, B., and Dong, Q., 2008, A quantile count model of water depth constraints on Cape Sable seaside sparrows: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 77, no. 1, p. 47-56, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01311.x.","startPage":"47","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476719,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01311.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213221,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01311.x"},{"id":240825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e524e4b0c8380cd46b5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dong, Q.","contributorId":39152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033258,"text":"70033258 - 2008 - Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033258","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada","docAbstract":"Regular, multiannual cycles observed in the population abundance of small mammals in many arctic and subarctic ecosystems have stimulated substantial research, particularly among population ecologists. Hypotheses of mechanisms generating regular cycles include predator-prey interactions, limitation of food resources, and migration or dispersal, as well as abiotic factors such as cyclic climatic variation and environmental stochasticity. In 2004 and 2005, we used indirect methods to estimate trends in population size of Richardson's collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx richardsoni) retrospectively, and evaluated the extent of synchrony between lemming populations at 2 coastal tundra study areas separated by approximately 60 km near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. We collected scars on willow plants (Salix) resulting from lemming feeding. Ages of scars ranged from 0 to 13 years at both study areas. Scar-age frequency appeared cyclic and we used nonlinear Poisson regression to model the observed scar-age frequency. Lemming populations cycled with 2.8-year periodicity and the phase of the cycle was synchronous between the 2 study areas. We suggest that our approach could be applied in multiple settings and may provide the most efficient way to gather data on small mammals across both space and time in a diversity of landscapes. ?? 2008 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Reiter, M., and Andersen, D., 2008, Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 89, no. 1, p. 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1.","startPage":"138","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1"},{"id":240794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7dfe4b08c986b32752f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reiter, M.E.","contributorId":80065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiter","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D. E.","contributorId":27816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033254,"text":"70033254 - 2008 - A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T09:17:43","indexId":"70033254","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California","docAbstract":"Stream temperature is an important component of salmonid habitat and is often above levels suitable for fish survival in the Lower Klamath River in northern California. The objective of this study was to provide boundary conditions for models that are assessing stream temperature on the main stem for the purpose of developing strategies to manage stream conditions using Total Maximum Daily Loads. For model input, hourly stream temperatures for 36 tributaries were estimated for 1 Jan. 2001 through 31 Oct. 2004. A basin-scale approach incorporating spatially distributed energy balance data was used to estimate the stream temperatures with measured air temperature and relative humidity data and simulated solar radiation, including topographic shading and corrections for cloudiness. Regression models were developed on the basis of available stream temperature data to predict temperatures for unmeasured periods of time and for unmeasured streams. The most significant factor in matching measured minimum and maximum stream temperatures was the seasonality of the estimate. Adding minimum and maximum air temperature to the regression model improved the estimate, and air temperature data over the region are available and easily distributed spatially. The addition of simulated solar radiation and vapor saturation deficit to the regression model significantly improved predictions of maximum stream temperature but was not required to predict minimum stream temperature. The average SE in estimated maximum daily stream temperature for the individual basins was 0.9 ?? 0.6??C at the 95% confidence interval. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0341","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., and Flint, A.L., 2008, A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 1, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0341.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0341"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e318e4b0c8380cd45e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, L. E. 0000-0002-7868-441X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":38180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"L.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, A. L.","contributorId":102453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033253,"text":"70033253 - 2008 - Transient simulations of nitrogen load for a coastal aquifer and embayment, Cape Cod, MA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033253","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transient simulations of nitrogen load for a coastal aquifer and embayment, Cape Cod, MA","docAbstract":"A time-varying, multispecies, modular, three-dimensional transport model (MT3DMS) was developed to simulate groundwater transport of nitrogen from increasing sources on land to the shore of Nauset Marsh, a coastal embayment of the Cape Cod National Seashore. Simulated time-dependent nitrogen loads at the coast can be used to correlate with current observed coastal eutrophic effects, to predict current and ultimate effects of development, and to predict loads resulting from source remediation. A time-varying nitrogen load, corrected for subsurface loss, was applied to the land subsurface in the transport model based on five land-use coverages documenting increasing development from 1951 to 1999. Simulated nitrogen loads to Nauset Marsh increased from 230 kg/yr before 1930 to 4390 kg/yr in 2001 to 7130 kg/yr in 2100, assuming future nitrogen sources constant at the 1999 land-use rate. The simulated nitrogen load per area of embayment was 5 times greater for Salt Pond, a eutrophic landward extension of Nauset Marsh, than for other Nauset Marsh areas. Sensitivity analysis indicated that load results were little affected by changes in vertical discretization and annual recharge but much affected by the nitrogen loss rate assumed for a kettle lake downgradient from a landfill.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es070638b","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Colman, J., and Masterson, J., 2008, Transient simulations of nitrogen load for a coastal aquifer and embayment, Cape Cod, MA: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 42, no. 1, p. 207-213, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070638b.","startPage":"207","endPage":"213","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213133,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es070638b"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb703e4b08c986b326fea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, J.A.","contributorId":63032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":102516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":440032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033250,"text":"70033250 - 2008 - Stratigraphic and compositional complexities of the late Quaternary Lethe tephra in South-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70033250","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic and compositional complexities of the late Quaternary Lethe tephra in South-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Recently discovered Lethe tephra has been proposed as a latest Pleistocene marker bed in Bristol Bay lowland NE to the Cook Inlet region, Alaska, on the basis of correlations involving a single \"Lethe average\" glass composition. Type deposits in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, however, are chemically heterogeneous-individual lapilli as well as aggregate ash deposits have glass compositions that range from the average mode to much higher SiO2 and K2O. Moreover, a lake-sediment core from the Cook Inlet region contains one ash deposit similar to \"Lethe average\" and other, closely underlying deposits that resemble a mixture of the average mode and high-Si high-K mode of proximal deposits. Synthesis of previously published radiocarbon ages indicates a major eruption mainly of \"Lethe average\" mode about 13,000 14C yr BP. As many as six deposits in the Cook Inlet region-five chiefly \"Lethe average\" mode-range from about 13,000 to 15-16,000 14C yr BP, and an early Holocene deposit in the Bristol Bay lowland extends the minimum age range of Lethe tephra throughout this region to 8000 14C yr BP. Because of the appearance of \"Lethe average\" composition in multiple deposits spanning thousands of years, we urge caution when using a Lethe-like composition as a basis for inferring a latest Pleistocene age of a tephra deposit in south-central Alaska. Linear variation plots suggest that magma mixing caused the Lethe heterogeneity; multiple magmas were involved as well in other large pyroclastic eruptions such as Katmai (Alaska) and Rotorua (New Zealand). Lethe is an example of a heterogeneous tephra that may be better compared with other tephras by use of plots of individual analytical points rather than by calculating similarity coefficients based on edited data. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2006.09.006","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Riehle, J., Ager, T.A., Reger, R., Pinney, D., and Kaufman, D.S., 2008, Stratigraphic and compositional complexities of the late Quaternary Lethe tephra in South-central Alaska: Quaternary International, v. 178, no. 1, p. 210-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.09.006.","startPage":"210","endPage":"228","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213593,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.09.006"},{"id":241233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"178","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98c6e4b08c986b31c130","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riehle, J.R.","contributorId":73573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riehle","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reger, R.D.","contributorId":67735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reger","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pinney, D.S.","contributorId":25769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinney","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaufman, D. S.","contributorId":18006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}