Although most volcanic seismicity is shallow (within several kilometers of the surface), some volcanoes exhibit deeper seismicity (10 to 30+ km) that may reflect active processes such as magma resupply and volatile transfer. One such volcano is Mammoth Mountain, California, which has also recently exhibited high rates of CO2 discharge at the surface. We perform high-resolution earthquake detection and relocation to reveal punctuated episodes of rapidly propagating seismicity at mid-crustal depths along a narrow fracture zone surrounding a body of partial melt. We infer that these earthquakes track dike intrusions or fluid pressure pulses associated with CO2 exsolution, suggesting that the deep plumbing system of Mammoth Mountain is an active conduit for fluid transport from the base of the crust to the surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aat5258","usgsCitation":"Hotovec-Ellis, A.J., Shelly, D.R., Hill, D.P., Pitt, A.M., Dawson, P.B., and Chouet, B.A., 2018, Deep fluid pathways beneath Mammoth Mountain, California, illuminated by migrating earthquake swarms: Science Advances, v. 4, no. 8, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat5258.","productDescription":"eaat5258; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-094119","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat5258","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammoth Mountain","volume":"4","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1e0a32e4b0708288cb0223","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hotovec-Ellis, Alicia J. 0000-0003-1917-0205","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-0205","contributorId":211785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotovec-Ellis","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, David P. 0000-0002-1619-2006 dhill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-2006","contributorId":206752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"dhill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitt, Andrew M. 0000-0003-4119-0907 pitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-0907","contributorId":211786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"Andrew","email":"pitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. 0000-0003-4065-0588 dawson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":206751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":211787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198597,"text":"70198597 - 2018 - State-level freshwater mussel programs: Current status and a research framework to aid in mussel management and conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T11:36:27","indexId":"70198597","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-10T11:36:25","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"State-level freshwater mussel programs: Current status and a research framework to aid in mussel management and conservation","docAbstract":"Despite increased focus on their ecology and conservation, freshwater mussels remain one of the most imperiled groups of aquatic organisms. We documented current management actions, resources, and challenges in managing freshwater mussels in the United States through a survey of state natural resource agencies. Approximately 85% of surveyed states (N = 40) actively managed mussel populations. Common challenges to mussel conservation included limited funding, lack of public awareness, and poor understanding of habitat needs and risks. We present a research framework, currently underway in Missouri, to support a regional mussel conservation assessment whereby habitat needs are identified, risks are assessed, and standardized protocols are developed to monitor and detect trends in mussel assemblages and threats. The research framework conforms to the National Strategy for the Conservation of Native Freshwater Mollusks and is adaptable to other states. With full consideration of resource limitations, we explore how this framework can improve the effectiveness of mussel conservation efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10106","usgsCitation":"Bouska, K.L., Rosenberger, A.E., McMurray, S.E., Lindner, G., and Key, K.N., 2018, State-level freshwater mussel programs: Current status and a research framework to aid in mussel management and conservation: Fisheries, v. 43, no. 8, p. 345-360, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10106.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"360","ipdsId":"IP-076251","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356387,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"43","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3c3e4b0f5d57878e8d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouska, Kristen L. 0000-0002-4115-2313 kbouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2313","contributorId":178005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouska","given":"Kristen","email":"kbouska@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E.","contributorId":206917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37422,"text":"Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMurray, Stephen E.","contributorId":206918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMurray","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindner, Garth A.","contributorId":143717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindner","given":"Garth A.","affiliations":[{"id":15309,"text":"University of Maryland Baltimore County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Key, Kayla N.","contributorId":206919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Key","given":"Kayla","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":13706,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70224920,"text":"70224920 - 2018 - Implications of spatially variable costs and habitat conversion risk in landscape-scale conservation planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-05T12:39:18.922599","indexId":"70224920","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-10T07:36:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of spatially variable costs and habitat conversion risk in landscape-scale conservation planning","docAbstract":"“Strategic habitat conservation” refers to a process used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to develop cost-efficient strategies for conserving wildlife populations and their habitats. Strategic habitat conservation focuses on resolving uncertainties surrounding habitat conservation to meet specific wildlife population objectives (i.e., targets) and developing tools to guide where conservation actions should be focused on the landscape. Although there are examples of using optimization models to highlight where conservation should be delivered, such methods often do not explicitly account for spatial variation in the costs of conservation actions. Furthermore, many planning approaches assume that habitat protection is a preferred option, but they do not assess its value relative to other actions, such as restoration. We developed a case study to assess the implications of accounting for and ignoring spatial variation in conservation costs in optimizing conservation targets. We included assumptions about habitat loss to determine the extent to which protection or restoration would be necessary to meet an established population target. Our case study focused on optimal placement of grassland protection or restoration actions to influence bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus populations in the tallgrass prairie ecoregion of the north central United States. Our results show that not accounting for spatially variable costs doubled or tripled the cost of meeting the population target. Furthermore, our results suggest that one should not assume that protecting existing habitat is always a preferred option. Rather, our results show that the balance between protection and restoration can be influenced by a combination of desired targets, assumptions about habitat loss, and the relative cost of the two actions. Our analysis also points out how difficult it may be to reach targets, given the expense to meet them. We suggest that a full accounting of expected costs and benefits will help to guide development of viable management actions and meaningful conservation plans.
In this review article, we trace the history of events leading to the development of individual-based models (IBMs) to represent aquatic organisms in rivers and streams. As a metaphor, we present this history as a series of confluences between individual scientists (tributaries) sharing ideas. We describe contributions of these models to science and management. One iconic feature of river IBMs is the linkage between flow and the physical habitat experienced by individual animals, and the first model that focused on this linkage is briefly described. We continue by reviewing the contributions of riverine IBMs to eight broad areas of scientific inquiry. The first four areas include research to understand 1) the effects of flow regimes on fish populations, 2) species interactions (e.g., size-mediated competition and predation), 3) fish movement and habitat selection, and 4) contaminant and water quality impacts on populations. Next, we review research using IBMs 5) to guide conservation biology of imperiled taxa through population viability analysis, including research 6) to understand river fragmentation by dams and reconnection, 7) to understand genetic outcomes for riverine metapopulations, and 8) to anticipate the future effects of temperature and climate change. This rich body of literature has contributed to both theoretical insights (e.g., about animal behavior and life history) and applied insights (e.g., population-level effects of flow regimes, temperature, and the effects of hydropower and other industries that share rivers with aquatic biota). We finish by exploring promising branches that lie ahead in the braided, downstream channel that represents future river modeling research.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.013","usgsCitation":"Jager, H.I., and DeAngelis, D.L., 2018, The confluences of ideas leading to, and the flow of ideas emerging from, individual-based modeling of riverine fishes: Ecological Modelling, v. 384, p. 341-352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.013.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"352","ipdsId":"IP-095746","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1461059","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"384","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3d6e4b0f5d57878e901","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jager, Henriette I.","contributorId":206774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jager","given":"Henriette","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37400,"text":"Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198388,"text":"70198388 - 2018 - Sea‐level rise, habitat loss, and potential extirpation of a salt marsh specialist bird in urbanized landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T16:27:37","indexId":"70198388","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-02T16:15:16","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea‐level rise, habitat loss, and potential extirpation of a salt marsh specialist bird in urbanized landscapes","docAbstract":"Sea‐level rise (SLR) impacts on intertidal habitat depend on coastal topology, accretion, and constraints from surrounding development. Such habitat changes might affect species like Belding's savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi; BSSP), which live in high‐elevation salt marsh in the Southern California Bight. To predict how BSSP habitat might change under various SLR scenarios, we first constructed a suitability model by matching bird observations with elevation. We then mapped current BSSP breeding and foraging habitat at six estuarine sites by applying the elevation‐suitability model to digital elevation models. To estimate changes in digital elevation models under different SLR scenarios, we used a site‐specific, one‐dimensional elevation model (wetland accretion rate model of ecosystem resilience). We then applied our elevation‐suitability model to the projected digital elevation models. The resulting maps suggest that suitable breeding and foraging habitat could decline as increased inundation converts middle‐ and high‐elevation suitable habitat to mudflat and subtidal zones. As a result, the highest SLR scenario predicted that no suitable breeding or foraging habitat would remain at any site by 2100 and 2110. Removing development constraints to facilitate landward migration of high salt marsh, or redistributing dredge spoils to replace submerged habitat, might create future high salt marsh habitat, thereby reducing extirpation risk for BSSP in southern California.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4196","usgsCitation":"Rosencranz, J., Thorne, K., Buffington, K., Takekawa, J.Y., Hechinger, R.F., Stewart, T.E., Ambrose, R.F., MacDonald, G.M., Holmgren, M.A., Crooks, J.A., Patton, R.T., and Lafferty, K.D., 2018, Sea‐level rise, habitat loss, and potential extirpation of a salt marsh specialist bird in urbanized landscapes: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 16, p. 8115-8125, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4196.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"8115","endPage":"8125","ipdsId":"IP-092761","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468524,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4196","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70Z728B","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital elevation model outputs from wetland accreting rate model of ecosystem resilience (WARMER) at ten year intervals from 2010-2110"},{"id":356120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3e8e4b0f5d57878e921","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosencranz, Jordan 0000-0002-3947-900X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-900X","contributorId":206631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosencranz","given":"Jordan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":204579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buffington, Kevin J. 0000-0001-9741-1241 kbuffington@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-1241","contributorId":4775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffington","given":"Kevin","email":"kbuffington@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":196611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hechinger, Ryan F.","contributorId":177653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hechinger","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Tara E.","contributorId":178694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ambrose, Richard F.","contributorId":174708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ambrose","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"MacDonald, Glen M.","contributorId":173294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Holmgren, Mark A.","contributorId":206632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmgren","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crooks, Jeff A.","contributorId":206633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37361,"text":"Tijuana River National Estuarine Research Reserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Patton, Robert T.","contributorId":195826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70198483,"text":"70198483 - 2018 - Isolation by distance versus landscape resistance: Understanding dominant patterns of genetic structure in Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:20:57","indexId":"70198483","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-02T12:20:39","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Isolation by distance versus landscape resistance: Understanding dominant patterns of genetic structure in Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)","title":"Isolation by distance versus landscape resistance: Understanding dominant patterns of genetic structure in Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)","docAbstract":"Landscape genetics investigations examine how the availability and configuration of habitat influence genetic structure of plants and animals. We used landscape genetics to evaluate the role that forest connectivity plays in determining genetic structure of the federally-threatened Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) using genotypes of 339 Northern Spotted Owls obtained for 10 microsatellite loci. Spatial clustering analyses identified a distinct genetic cluster at the southern extent of the region examined. This cluster could not be linked to landscape connectivity patterns and suggested that post-Pleistocene processes were involved with its development rather than contemporary landscape configuration. We also compared matrices of pairwise inter-individual genetic distances with resistance distances derived from a circuit-theory based framework. Resistance distances were obtained for an idealized raster map that reflected continuous unimpeded dispersal habitat across the landscape along with five empirically-derived raster maps reflecting the 1870’s, 1940’s, 1986, 1994, and 2012. Resistance distances from the idealized map served as surrogates for linear geographic distances. Relative to idealized conditions, resistance distances were ~250% higher in the 1940’s and ~200% higher from 1986 onward. Resistance distances from the 1870’s were ~40% higher than idealized conditions. Inter-individual genetic distances were most highly correlated with resistance distances from the idealized map rather than any of the empirical maps. Two hypotheses explain our results. First, our results may reflect temporal lags between the onset of large-scale habitat alterations and their novel effects on genetic structure in long-lived species such as Northern Spotted Owls. Second, because Northern Spotted Owls disperse over long distances, our results may indicate that forest habitat has never been sufficiently fragmented to the point where connectivity was disrupted. The second hypothesis could indicate that forest management practices mandated by the Northwest Forest Plan succeeded with one of its primary goals. However, our results do not represent a complete portrayal of the status of Northern Spotted Owls given detection of significant population declines and bottlenecks in other studies. Future investigations based on computer simulations may help distinguish between hypotheses.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0201720","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Davis, R.J., Forsman, E.D., Mullins, T.D., and Haig, S.M., 2018, Isolation by distance versus landscape resistance: Understanding dominant patterns of genetic structure in Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): PLoS ONE, v. 13, no. 8, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201720.","productDescription":"e0201720; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-090757","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468527,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201720","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J67FVW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Microsatellite markers, habitat quality, and sample location data for Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)"},{"id":356191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.95849609375,\n 37.80544394934271\n ],\n [\n -119.4873046875,\n 37.80544394934271\n ],\n [\n -119.4873046875,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -124.95849609375,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -124.95849609375,\n 37.80544394934271\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3e8e4b0f5d57878e927","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Raymond J.","contributorId":150574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, Eric D.","contributorId":96792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forsman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":149824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198793,"text":"70198793 - 2018 - Improving understanding of soil organic matter dynamics by triangulating theories, measurements, and models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T14:03:25.630002","indexId":"70198793","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T16:48:28","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving understanding of soil organic matter dynamics by triangulating theories, measurements, and models","docAbstract":"Soil organic matter (SOM) turnover increasingly is conceptualized as a tension between accessibility to microorganisms and protection from decomposition via physical and chemical association with minerals in emerging soil biogeochemical theory. Yet, these components are missing from the original mathematical models of belowground carbon dynamics and remain underrepresented in more recent compartmental models that separate SOM into discrete pools with differing turnover times. Thus, a gap currently exists between the emergent understanding of SOM dynamics and our ability to improve terrestrial biogeochemical projections that rely on the existing models. In this opinion paper, we portray the SOM paradigm as a triangle composed of three nodes: conceptual theory, analytical measurement, and numerical models. In successful approaches, we contend that the nodes are connected—models capture the essential features of dominant theories while measurement tools generate data adequate to parameterize and evaluate the models—and balanced—models can inspire new theories via emergent behaviors, pushing empiricists to come up with new measurements. Many exciting advances recently pushed the boundaries on one or more nodes. However, newly integrated triangles have yet to coalesce. We conclude that our ability to incorporate mechanisms of microbial decomposition and physicochemical protection into predictions of SOM change is limited by current disconnections and imbalances among theory, measurement, and modeling. Opportunities to reintegrate the three components of the SOM paradigm exist by carefully considering their linkages and feedbacks at specific scales of observation.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-018-0478-2","usgsCitation":"Blankinship, J.C., Crow, S.E., Berhe, A.A., Druhan, J.L., Heckman, K.A., Keiluweit, M., Lawrence, C.R., Marin-Spiotta, E., Plante, A.F., Rasmussen, C., Schadel, C., Schmiel, J.P., Sierra, C.A., Thomson, A., Wagai, R., and Weider, W.R., 2018, Improving understanding of soil organic matter dynamics by triangulating theories, measurements, and models: Biogeochemistry, v. 140, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0478-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-089660","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a28ae4b0702d0e842f55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blankinship, Joseph C.","contributorId":197908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blankinship","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":34215,"text":"University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crow, Susan E.","contributorId":197920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crow","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw","contributorId":207164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berhe","given":"Asmeret","email":"","middleInitial":"Asefaw","affiliations":[{"id":16805,"text":"University of California, Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Druhan, Jennifer L.","contributorId":207165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Druhan","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35161,"text":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heckman, Katherine A.","contributorId":207166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heckman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keiluweit, Marco","contributorId":197918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keiluweit","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey R. 0000-0001-6143-7781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-7781","contributorId":202390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Marin-Spiotta, Erika","contributorId":202383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marin-Spiotta","given":"Erika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Plante, Alain F.","contributorId":198719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plante","given":"Alain","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rasmussen, Craig","contributorId":139483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schadel, Christina","contributorId":202385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schadel","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36405,"text":"University of Northern Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schmiel, Joshua P.","contributorId":202386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmiel","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":28103,"text":"University of California - Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sierra, Carlos A.","contributorId":207167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sierra","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37469,"text":"Max Plank Institute of Biogeochemistry, Jena Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Thomson, Aaron","contributorId":207168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomson","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37470,"text":"University of Georgia, Athens","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wagai, Rota","contributorId":202389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagai","given":"Rota","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36407,"text":"Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Weider, William R.","contributorId":207169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weider","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37471,"text":"Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research, Boulder CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70198515,"text":"70198515 - 2018 - Limits to ponderosa pine regeneration following large high-severity forest fires in the United States Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-28T09:29:07","indexId":"70198515","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T14:57:53","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limits to ponderosa pine regeneration following large high-severity forest fires in the United States Southwest","docAbstract":"High-severity fires in dry conifer forests of the United States Southwest have created large (>1000 ha) treeless areas that are unprecedented in the regional historical record. These fires have reset extensive portions of Southwestern ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson var. scopulorum Engelm.) forest landscapes. At least two recovery options following high-severity fire are emerging. One option is for post-fire successional pathways to move toward a return to the pre-fire forest type. Alternatively, an area may transition to persistent non-forested ecosystems. We studied regeneration patterns of ponderosa pine following eight fires in Arizona and New Mexico, USA, that burned in dry conifer forests dominated by ponderosa pine during a recent 18-year regional drought period, 1996 to 2013. Our a priori hypotheses were: 1) the most xeric areas within these severely burned dry conifer forests are least likely to regenerate to the pre-fire forest type due to persistent post-fire moisture stress; and 2) areas farther away from conifer seed sources have a lower likelihood of regeneration, even if these areas are climatically favorable for post-fire ponderosa pine establishment. We evaluated our hypotheses using empirical data and generalized linear mixed-effects models. We found that low-elevation, xeric sites are more limiting to conifer regeneration than higher-elevation mesic sites. Areas >150 m from a seed source are much less likely to have ponderosa pine regeneration. Spatial interpolations of modeled post-fire regeneration of ponderosa pine across the study landscapes indicate expansive areas with low likelihood of pine regeneration following high-severity fire. We discuss multiple post-fire successional pathways following high-severity fire, including potentially stable transitions to non-forest vegetation types that may represent long-term type conversions. These findings regarding landscape changes in Southwest forests in response to fires and post-fire regeneration patterns during early-stage climate warming contribute to the development of better-informed ecosystem management strategies for forest adaptation or mitigation under projected hotter droughts in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.140114316","usgsCitation":"Haffey, C., Sisk, T.D., Allen, C.D., Thode, A.E., and Margolis, E.Q., 2018, Limits to ponderosa pine regeneration following large high-severity forest fires in the United States Southwest: Fire Ecology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 143-163, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140114316.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"163","ipdsId":"IP-095323","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140114316","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3eae4b0f5d57878e933","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haffey, Collin","contributorId":206779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haffey","given":"Collin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisk, Thomas D.","contributorId":206780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sisk","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thode, Andrea E.","contributorId":189574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thode","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Margolis, Ellis Q. 0000-0002-0595-9005 emargolis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-9005","contributorId":173538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margolis","given":"Ellis","email":"emargolis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198428,"text":"70198428 - 2018 - The influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) on larval growth and spawner abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T14:45:51","indexId":"70198428","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T14:45:43","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) on larval growth and spawner abundance","docAbstract":"Migrations of anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from marine ecosystems serve as vectors of nutrients into freshwater food webs. Larval sea lamprey reside in streams for 6–8 years as deposit feeders before metamorphosing into juveniles and migrating to the ocean. Previous work has shown that carcass nutrients, which result from the death of adult lamprey after spawning, increase stream productivity and are consumed by larvae. This may increase larval growth rates and enhance earlier metamorphosis. We examined the sensitivity of life-history parameters and influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey on the age and growth of larval conspecifics with a deterministic stock-recruitment model. We hypothesized that variability in growth among larval populations is productivity mediated and we compared modeled populations in which larvae receive added growth benefits from carcass nutrients with populations that do not. The results of our simulation indicate that increases in larval growth and lower age at metamorphosis over time lead to an increase in spawner abundance. Increased growth rates may also improve fitness and bolster subsequent spawning stocks. Our research characterized 2 potential ecosystem states, one in which larval sea lamprey benefit from adult conspecifics and another in which the larvae do not.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Marine Fisheries Service","doi":"10.7755/FB.116.2.3","usgsCitation":"Weaver, D.M., Coghlan, S.M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2018, The influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) on larval growth and spawner abundance: Fishery Bulletin, v. 116, no. 2, p. 142-152, https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.116.2.3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-087199","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7755/fb.116.2.3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356206,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3ebe4b0f5d57878e935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, Daniel M.","contributorId":145786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weaver","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198352,"text":"70198352 - 2018 - Hydrothermal discharge from the El Tatio basin, Atacama, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-30T14:53:25","indexId":"70198352","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T10:54:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal discharge from the El Tatio basin, Atacama, Chile","docAbstract":"El Tatio in northern Chile is one of the best-studied geothermal fields in South America. However, there remain open questions about the mass and energy budgets, water recharge rates and residence time in the subsurface, origin of dissolved solutes, and processes affecting the phase and chemical composition of groundwater and surface water. We measured and sampled surface manifestations of the geothermal system (geysers perpetual spouters, mud pools/volcanoes, and non-eruptive hot springs) and meteoric water. From the isotopic composition we infer that the thermal water has a meteoric origin that is different from the composition of local meteoric water. The absence of detectable tritium in thermal waters indicates that most of the recharge occurred pre-1950. Boiling and steam separation from the deep reservoir appear to be the main subsurface processes affecting the thermal fluids. A large amount of heat is lost to the atmosphere by evaporation from surface water and by steam emitted from erupting geysers. Using the chloride inventory method, we estimate thermal water discharge to be 218 to 234 L/s, and the advective heat flow to be 120 to 170 MW.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.07.007","usgsCitation":"Munoz-Saez, C., Manga, M., and Hurwitz, S., 2018, Hydrothermal discharge from the El Tatio basin, Atacama, Chile: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 361, p. 25-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.07.007.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-097644","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1479426","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"El Tatio Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.035,\n -22.3539\n ],\n [\n -67.9919,\n -22.3539\n ],\n [\n -67.9919,\n -22.3244\n ],\n [\n -68.035,\n -22.3244\n ],\n [\n -68.035,\n -22.3539\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"361","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3eee4b0f5d57878e93f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munoz-Saez, Carolina 0000-0003-3916-008X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-008X","contributorId":206586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz-Saez","given":"Carolina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37346,"text":"Universidad de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":199572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202091,"text":"70202091 - 2018 - International Society for Aeolian Research Distinguished Career Award, 2018 Joseph M. Prospero, Dr. Professor Emeritus, University of Miami","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T11:43:49","indexId":"70202091","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T10:48:39","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":666,"text":"Aeolian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"International Society for Aeolian Research Distinguished Career Award, 2018 Joseph M. Prospero, Dr. Professor Emeritus, University of Miami","docAbstract":"It is a pleasure and an honor to present Dr. Joseph M. Prospero of the University of Miami with the International Society for Aeolian Research(ISAR) Distinguished Career Award for 2018. Joe was born at home in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, one of three sons of Italian immigrant parents. He got interested in science, and particularly chemistry, not only out of curiosity, but also because of “...all the usual things. Color reactions...explosions....” Thus, his earliest experimental work was done with a Lionel Chem-Lab set in its classic chrome-yellow wooden box. Joe had parents who, despite their own lack of education,encouraged learning for Joe and his brothers through reading and education. He earned his B.S. in chemistry at Ursinus College in Collegeville, Pennsylvania in 1956. From there he went on to Princeton University for graduate school, studying radiochemistry and nuclear spectroscopy, receiving his M.A. in 1959 and his Ph.D. in 1963. On the encouragement of George Reynolds (a physicist at Princeton), Joe began his career at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami in 1963. He has been studying dust everywhere on the planet–both on land and in the oceans–ever since.His research has been published in more than 170 papers and they are highly cited, showing the importance of dust in an astonishing diversity of the Earth’s natural systems, as well as its importance to human society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1875-9637(18)30132-0","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., 2018, International Society for Aeolian Research Distinguished Career Award, 2018 Joseph M. Prospero, Dr. Professor Emeritus, University of Miami: Aeolian Research, v. 33, p. iii-iv, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1875-9637(18)30132-0.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"iii","endPage":"iv","ipdsId":"IP-097061","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198868,"text":"70198868 - 2018 - Quantifying population-level effects of water temperature, flow velocity and chemical-induced reproduction depression: A simulation study with smallmouth bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-22T08:53:46","indexId":"70198868","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T08:50:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying population-level effects of water temperature, flow velocity and chemical-induced reproduction depression: A simulation study with smallmouth bass","docAbstract":"Evaluating stochastic abiotic factors and their combined effects on fish and wildlife populations have been challenging in environmental sciences. Contributing to this challenge is the paucity of data describing how observations made on individuals related to exposure to chemical compounds ultimately effect population vital rates, and how this exposure interacts with other abiotic drivers. Using three smallmouth bass populations in Pennsylvania as a case study, we explored both single-factor and combined effects of water temperature, flow velocity and chemical exposure on populations through a model simulation. Although there are many pathways through which chemicals can affect population vital rates, we focused on one where chemical exposure leads to reduced reproduction. Among the three populations considered, two (the Juniata and Susquehanna populations) have experienced adverse health, including the potential adverse effects of environmental stress and chemical contamination that may cause disease and mortality of young-of-year (YOY), various skin lesions and a high prevalence of intersex or testicular oocytes in adults. The third population (The Alleghany population) has not encountered mortality events of YOY and intersex prevalence is much lower. The simulation involved projecting populations using a length-based model under different environmental conditions. In the simulations, abiotic factors influenced population dynamics through their impacts on growth, survival and recruitment. Response to the same environmental stress varied by population and life-stage of the species. Factors affecting young adult and adult life-stages had great influence on proportional stock density (PSD) and the probability of having PSD within the suggested range (PSD probability). Increases in water temperature had a negative effect and dominant role in the combined effect on population size structure (e.g., PSD and PSD probability) – increases in flow velocity during the spring season also had a negative effect on abundance. Populations with high recruitment rates sustained relatively large population size, even under high water temperature and/or high flow velocity, which suggests that factors and management strategies that benefit recruitment (such as reduced chemical contaminants) may compensate for the negative effects of warming water temperatures and high spring flow velocity on population size.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.015","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Blazer, V., and Li, Y., 2018, Quantifying population-level effects of water temperature, flow velocity and chemical-induced reproduction depression: A simulation study with smallmouth bass: Ecological Modelling, v. 384, p. 63-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.015.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"74","ipdsId":"IP-090125","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"384","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a296e4b0702d0e842f79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Yan","contributorId":207211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37478,"text":"North Carolinz Division of Marine Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198521,"text":"70198521 - 2018 - Snowmelt timing regulates community composition, phenology, and physiological performance of alpine plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T11:43:05","indexId":"70198521","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-31T11:42:15","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5725,"text":"Frontiers in Plant Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Snowmelt timing regulates community composition, phenology, and physiological performance of alpine plants","docAbstract":"The spatial patterning of alpine plant communities is strongly influenced by the variation in physical factors such as temperature and moisture, which are strongly affected by snow depth and snowmelt patterns. Earlier snowmelt timing and greater soil-moisture limitations may favor wide-ranging species adapted to a broader set of ecohydrological conditions than alpine-restricted species. We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky Mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carex rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). As hypothesized, species richness and foliar cover increased with earlier snowmelt, due to a greater abundance of wide-ranging species present in earlier melting plots. Flowering initiation occurred earlier with earlier snowmelt for 12 out of 19 species analyzed, while flowering duration was shortened with later snowmelt for six species (all but one were wide-ranging species). We observed >50% declines in net photosynthesis from July to September as soil moisture and plant water potentials declined. Early-season stomatal conductance was higher in wide-ranging species, indicating a more competitive strategy for water acquisition when soil moisture is high. Even so, there were no associated differences in photosynthesis or transpiration, suggesting no strong differences between these groups in physiology. Our findings reveal that plant species with different ranges (alpine-restricted vs. wide-ranging) could have differential phenological and physiological responses to snowmelt timing and associated soil moisture dry-down, and that alpine-restricted species’ performance is more sensitive to snowmelt. As a result, alpine-restricted species may serve as better indicator species than their wide-ranging heterospecifics. Overall, alpine community composition and peak % cover are strongly structured by spatio-temporal patterns in snowmelt timing. Thus, near-term, community-wide changes (or variation) in phenology and physiology in response to shifts in snowmelt timing or rates of soil dry down are likely to be contingent on the legacy of past climate on community structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2018.01140","usgsCitation":"Winkler, D.E., Butz, R.J., Germino, M., Reinhardt, K., and Kueppers, L.M., 2018, Snowmelt timing regulates community composition, phenology, and physiological performance of alpine plants: Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 9, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01140.","productDescription":"Article 1140; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-098795","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01140","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3efe4b0f5d57878e949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winkler, Daniel E. 0000-0003-4825-9073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4825-9073","contributorId":206786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butz, Ramona J. 0000-0001-8595-0459","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-0459","contributorId":206787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butz","given":"Ramona","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37401,"text":"Humboldt State University, U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reinhardt, Keith","contributorId":178543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kueppers, Lara M.","contributorId":177736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kueppers","given":"Lara","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198300,"text":"70198300 - 2018 - Host feeding ecology and trophic position significantly influence isotopic discrimination between a generalist ectoparasite and its hosts: Implications for parasite-host trophic studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-30T09:49:12","indexId":"70198300","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-27T20:11:04","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5453,"text":"Food Webs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host feeding ecology and trophic position significantly influence isotopic discrimination between a generalist ectoparasite and its hosts: Implications for parasite-host trophic studies","docAbstract":"Despite being one of the most prevalent forms of consumerism in ecological communities, parasitism has largely been excluded from food-web models. Stable isotope analysis of consumers and their diets has been widely used in the study of food webs for decades. However, the amount of information regarding parasite stable isotope ecology is limited, restricting the ability of ecologists to use stable isotope analysis to study parasites in food webs. This study took advantage of distinct differences in the feeding ecology and trophic position of different species of fish known to host the same common micropredatory gnathiid isopod to study the effects of host stable isotope ecology on that of the associated micropredator. Blood engorged juvenile gnathiids were in most cases indistinguishable from their hosts' blood, but significant isotope discrimination was observed for adults. Males were generally lower in δ13C and δ15N than host blood whereas host-specific isotopic discrimination for females varied among the different host species. Model predictions indicated that there is a significant effect of host blood isotope ratios on the rate of carbon and nitrogen isotopic discrimination between gnathiids and their host’s blood. As such, general differences in the feeding ecology and trophic positions of the different host species were reflected in their associated gnathiids, indicating that stable isotope analysis of gnathiids can provide significant details concerning previous hosts. The results presented herein have significant implications for how stable isotopes may be used as a tool to study the trophic dynamics and feeding ecology of gnathiids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00092","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, W.G., Demopoulos, A.W., and Sikkel, P.C., 2018, Host feeding ecology and trophic position significantly influence isotopic discrimination between a generalist ectoparasite and its hosts: Implications for parasite-host trophic studies: Food Webs, v. 16, Article e00092, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00092.","productDescription":"Article e00092","ipdsId":"IP-095826","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00092","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7416WBQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Host Feeding Ecology and Trophic Position Significantly influence Isotopic discrimination between a Generalist Ectoparasite and its hosts: Implications for parasite host trophic studies"},{"id":355993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f2e4b0f5d57878e95b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, William G. 0000-0001-5133-2628","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5133-2628","contributorId":200936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694 ademopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":196216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"ademopoulos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":740950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sikkel, Paul C.","contributorId":140403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sikkel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13476,"text":"Arkansas State University, State University, AR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228303,"text":"70228303 - 2018 - Direct substitution of fishmeal with bioprocessed soybean meal in brown trout diets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-28T16:08:00.531114","indexId":"70228303","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-27T11:38:01","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10103,"text":"Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct substitution of fishmeal with bioprocessed soybean meal in brown trout diets","docAbstract":"This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta; initial weight 56.1±1.6 g, length 167.2±1.4 mm, mean ±SE) fed one of four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid). Fishmeal, the primary protein source for the reference diet, was compared to diets where bioprocessed soybean meal directly replaced approximately 60, 80, or 100% of the dietary fishmeal. At the end of the experiment there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, food fed, feed conversion ratio, nor specific growth rate among any of the dietary treatments. Gains for the 0, 60, 80, and 100% treatments were 304.6 ± 40.3 g, 215.4±82.6 g, 199.0±39.4 g, and 218.1±37.0 g, respectively. There were also no significant differences observed in intestinal morphology, relative fin lengths, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, or splenosomatic index among the dietary treatments. Based on these results, bioprocessed soybean meal may be able to replace 100% of the dietary fishmeal in juvenile brown trout diets without any deleterious effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Gavin Publishers","usgsCitation":"Voorhees, J.M., Barnes, M., Chipps, S.R., and Browne, M., 2018, Direct substitution of fishmeal with bioprocessed soybean meal in brown trout diets: Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, JFAD-143, 11 p.","productDescription":"JFAD-143, 11 p","ipdsId":"IP-097700","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395636,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/direct-substitution-of-fishmeal-with-bioprocessed-soybean-meal-in-brown-trout-diets"},{"id":395638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voorhees, Jill M.","contributorId":275085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voorhees","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Michael","contributorId":275086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Browne, Michael","contributorId":178752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Browne","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198792,"text":"70198792 - 2018 - Carving Grand Canyon’s inner gorge: A test of steady incision versus rapid knickzone migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-24T11:57:52","indexId":"70198792","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-26T16:41:36","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carving Grand Canyon’s inner gorge: A test of steady incision versus rapid knickzone migration","docAbstract":"A recent study posits that much of the 240-m-deep inner gorge of Grand Canyon was carved between 500 and 400 ka via passage of a migrating knickzone with incision rates of ~1600 m/Ma during that time period; this was based on dating of a ca. 500 ka travertine deposit perched on the rim of the inner gorge, near Hermit Rapid, and a ca. 400 ka travertine drape that extends to within 60 m of river level nearby. However, a new U/Th age of 517 ± 13 ka on the same travertine drape challenges this model of a migrating knickzone and punctuated incision. The presence of ca. 500 ka travertine just 95 m above river level requires that most of the inner gorge was carved before that time. The resulting maximum bedrock incision rate of 230 m/Ma is consistent with independent results from sites up and downstream and with models for semi-steady Quaternary bedrock incision and dispels problems with the transient incision model. Downstream from the Hermit Rapid area, dikes present on both sides of the canyon have been used to support the migrating knickzone model. We report a new 40Ar/39Ar age of 517 ± 16 ka on one of these dikes, but argue that they don’t necessarily gauge incision.
Field observations suggest that the discontinuous travertine deposits, near Hermit Rapid, were deposited by springs that emanated from the Redwall-Muav aquifer, mantled the Tonto Platform, and locally built downwards into the inner gorge and tributary canyons. The range of U/Th ages from ca. 10–600 ka suggests these were long-lived spring systems. The travertine cements predominantly angular to subrounded locally derived clasts consistent with deposition on hillslopes and by tributaries. Well-rounded gravels are exceedingly rare but have been used to suggest that the Colorado River was at the rim of the inner gorge at ca. 500 ka. No exotic Colorado River clasts, derived from the area outside of Grand Canyon, were observed by us. In-place gravel from the main stem or tributaries (e.g., from paleo–Hermit Creek) within the travertine deposits can be reconciled with existing data, if: (1) travertine was deposited at ca. 2 Ma, which is approximately when the steady incision model suggests the inner gorge began to incise; (2) a 500 ka lava dam in the Lava Falls Rapid area, 140 km downstream, backed water and sediment up to the rim of the inner gorge in the Hermit area; or (3) regional climate-driven aggradation took place at 500 ka.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01562.1","usgsCitation":"Crow, R.S., Karlstrom, K.E., Crossey, L.J., Polyak, V., Asmerom, Y., and McIntosh, W.C., 2018, Carving Grand Canyon’s inner gorge: A test of steady incision versus rapid knickzone migration: Geosphere, v. 14, no. 5, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01562.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-084123","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01562.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 35.572448615622804\n ],\n [\n -111.67053222656249,\n 35.572448615622804\n ],\n [\n -111.67053222656249,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 35.572448615622804\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a297e4b0702d0e842f85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crow, Ryan S. 0000-0002-2403-6361 rcrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-6361","contributorId":5792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Ryan","email":"rcrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlstrom, Karl E.","contributorId":75597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crossey, Laura J.","contributorId":56265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crossey","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Polyak, Victor","contributorId":207162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polyak","given":"Victor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Asmerom, Yemane","contributorId":146278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asmerom","given":"Yemane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McIntosh, William C.","contributorId":191163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228075,"text":"70228075 - 2018 - Resurgence of specialized shade coffee cultivation: Effects on pollination services and quality of coffee production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T14:32:14.95743","indexId":"70228075","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-26T08:28:37","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":682,"text":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resurgence of specialized shade coffee cultivation: Effects on pollination services and quality of coffee production","docAbstract":"Since the early 2000s, there has been a resurgence in shade coffee production on the island of Puerto Rico. The newly restored specialized shade canopy consists of four native tree species, three of which are nitrogen fixers, and is intended to provide 30% shade cover once the trees are matured. Though much is known about the benefits of rustic and traditional shade plantations to coffee production, there is little information available for specialized shade plantations. Here, we investigate the ways in which fruit set, seed predation, bean weight, proportion of peaberries (i.e., malformed fruits), and beverage quality differ between sun and specialized shade plantations of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. Additionally, to assess whether coffee plants were pollen limited, we conducted a pollen supplementation experiment in which we compared pollen deposition and berry production on hand-pollinated branches to those of naturally, open-pollinated ones. We found that there was no evidence of pollen limitation on fruit set between sun and specialized shade plantations of C. arabica or C. canephora. We found that specialized shade benefits the proportion of C. arabica fruit set, without compromising bean weight or the proportion of peaberries produced. In comparison, C. canephora showed no improvement in the proportion of fruits set with specialized shade; however, beans from open-pollinated flowers weighed more in specialized shade than sun. Beverage quality was marginally better under shade, and for hand-pollinated flowers. Our results add to the limited body of work investigating the benefits of specialized shade coffee plantations on ecosystem services.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2018.07.002","usgsCitation":"Prado, S.G., Collazo, J.A., and Irwin, R.E., 2018, Resurgence of specialized shade coffee cultivation: Effects on pollination services and quality of coffee production: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 265, p. 567-575, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.07.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"575","ipdsId":"IP-097241","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.07.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.04681396484375,\n 18.049255668808147\n ],\n [\n -66.50299072265625,\n 18.049255668808147\n ],\n [\n -66.50299072265625,\n 18.304988223519228\n ],\n [\n -67.04681396484375,\n 18.304988223519228\n ],\n [\n -67.04681396484375,\n 18.049255668808147\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"265","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prado, Sara Guiti","contributorId":274479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prado","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"Guiti","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Irwin, R. E.","contributorId":274480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irwin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70259590,"text":"70259590 - 2018 - Caldera life-cycles of the Yellowstone hotspot track: Death and rebirth of the Heise Caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T12:13:23.196883","indexId":"70259590","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-25T07:10:48","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Caldera life-cycles of the Yellowstone hotspot track: Death and rebirth of the Heise Caldera","docAbstract":"As one of the most geochemically unique drill cores recovered within the Yellowstone–Snake River Plain (YSRP) province, the Sugar City geothermal test well was drilled into intra-caldera rhyolite lavas and tuffs erupted during the middle to late Pliocene and the resurgent basaltic volcanism erupted during the Pleistocene. This sequence parallels the two main stages proposed for YSRP hotspot calderas: i.e. the eruption of several large-volume, ash-flow tuff sheets followed by caldera collapse, then cessation of major rhyolitic activity and gradual subsidence accompanied by filling and eventual burial of the caldera by basalt lava flows. We employ stratigraphic relationships, paleomagnetism, and major, trace element, and Sr–Nd isotope geochemistry to develop models for the origin of the basaltic and rhyolitic magmas within a geographical and temporal context. The basalts are characterized by distinct groupings based on depth and geochemistry and reflect the dominant compositions observed on the surface, e.g. Snake River olivine tholeiite (SROT) and evolved type (e.g. Craters of the Moon). We also observe contaminated basalts that interacted with rhyolite/granite. The basaltic magma formed by shallow partial melting in the plume channel carved into the lithosphere. The older rhyolites preserve the classical characteristics of A-type granites and display major element and trace element concentrations typical for Eastern SRP caldera centres and minimal stratigraphic variation. Multiple lines of evidence document extensive magmatic differentiation and coupled basalt–rhyolite interactions. We find that the most plausible origin for the rhyolites is via partial melting of a hybrid source, comprising Archean crustal components and younger juvenile mafic intrusions. Assimilation of hydrothermally altered material is also required for some eruptive units. The rhyolites did not evolve from residual magma left over from the climactic Kilgore eruption (4·0 Ma), but instead represent discrete magma generation events in the course of a few hundred thousand years between 4·0 to 3·8 Ma. Beginning at approximately 3.3 Ma, basalts were able to erupt through the solidified composite pluton that formed below the caldera. The transition from rhyolite to basalt is tied to the declining flux of basaltic magma as North America moved away from the Yellowstone hotspot core.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egy074","usgsCitation":"Jean, M.M., Christiansen, E.H., Champion, D.E., Vetter, S.K., Phillips, W.M., Schuth, S., and Shervais, J., 2018, Caldera life-cycles of the Yellowstone hotspot track: Death and rebirth of the Heise Caldera: Journal of Petrology, v. 59, no. 8, p. 1643-1670, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egy074.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1643","endPage":"1670","ipdsId":"IP-101148","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egy074","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jean, Marlon M.","contributorId":296059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jean","given":"Marlon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, Eric H.","contributorId":206801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":345150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vetter, Scott K.","contributorId":345151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vetter","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":82501,"text":"Centenary College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, William M.","contributorId":9690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuth, Stephan","contributorId":345153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuth","given":"Stephan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64319,"text":"Leibniz University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shervais, John W.","contributorId":237914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shervais","given":"John W.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70199780,"text":"70199780 - 2018 - Subseasonal variations in marine reservoir age from pre-bomb Donax obesulus and Protothaca asperrima shell carbonate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T09:27:39","indexId":"70199780","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-20T16:03:35","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Subseasonal variations in marine reservoir age from pre-bomb Donax obesulus and Protothaca asperrima shell carbonate","title":"Subseasonal variations in marine reservoir age from pre-bomb Donax obesulus and Protothaca asperrima shell carbonate","docAbstract":"Two Donax obesulus and two Protothaca asperrima shells collected prior to the nuclear testing of the 1950's were micromilled at sub-seasonal resolution to yield new reservoir effect (ΔR) estimates for the coast of Peru. Shells from northern (4°40′S to 8°14′S) and central (13°52′S) Peru produced ΔR values of 123 ± 50 and 110 ± 49 years respectively. We found such values statistically indistinguishable from each other while reporting intra-annual ΔR variability along shells ontogeny in agreement with previously published regional ΔR values. This similarity suggests radiocarbon dating of short-lived (<1.5 years) mollusks shells is a useful tool for comparing marine radiocarbon signals. Additionally, our analysis of ΔR and δ18O changes along shells' ontogeny found a tenuous relationship between them. We are not the first one to report these phenomena in Peruvian upwelling, but we are the first to suggest that fast Lagrangian water mixing as a mechanism behind it.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.07.001","usgsCitation":"Etayo-Cadavid, M.F., Andrus, C.F., Jones, K.B., and Hodgins, G.W., 2018, Subseasonal variations in marine reservoir age from pre-bomb Donax obesulus and Protothaca asperrima shell carbonate: Chemical Geology, v. 526, p. 110-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.07.001.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"116","ipdsId":"IP-022729","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.07.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"526","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fcbe4b0fc368eb53982","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Etayo-Cadavid, Miguel F.","contributorId":16296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etayo-Cadavid","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrus, C. Fred T.","contributorId":80568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrus","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Fred T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Kevin B. 0000-0002-6386-2623 kevinjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-2623","contributorId":565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kevin","email":"kevinjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodgins, Gregory W. L.","contributorId":67787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgins","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70206816,"text":"70206816 - 2018 - Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T15:17:13","indexId":"70206816","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T15:07:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants","docAbstract":"Coal combustion, one of the principal energy sources of electricity in the United States, produces over 100 million tons of coal combustion products (CCPs) per year in the U.S. The reuse and disposal of CCPs has the potential to release toxic trace elements, including cadmium (Cd), into the environment. In this study, we investigated CCPs, including bottom ash (BA), economizer fly ash (EFA), and fly ash (FA), as well as feed coal (FC) and pulverized coal (PC) collected from two U.S. coal-fired power plants in New Mexico and Ohio with different coal supplies. The New Mexico plant uses high volatile C bituminous, low-sulfur coals mined from the San Juan Basin (Cretaceous Fruitland Formation) and the Ohio plant uses high volatile A bituminous, high-sulfur central Appalachian Basin coals (Upper Pennsylvanian Monongahela Formation). Mineralogical and elemental analysis showed that these CCP samples consist of ∼70% amorphous Al-Si-rich glasses and ∼30% mineral phases of quartz (SiO2) and mullite (Ai6Si2O13). The Cd isotope compositions (δ114Cd, normalized to NIST Cd standard 3108) of FA and EFA samples (ranging from −0.51 to +0.47‰) are distinctively heavier than those of BA samples (−0.75 to −0.52‰) in both power plants. We interpret this Cd isotope difference as a result of Cd condensation from the gas phase during flue gas cooling, instead of evaporation of Cd phase during coal combustion. Cd condensation is the main process to generate the isotopically heavy Cd signatures that preferentially partition on the fine FA particles. We also investigated Cd isotope compositions in different leachate products from a series of batch-leaching experiments with these CCPs, using diluted acetic acid, hydroxyl ammonium chloride, hydrogen peroxide followed by ammonium acetate, and 5% nitric acid, as a possible means to identify CCP-released Cd in the environment. Unusually and significantly heavier Cd isotope compositions were observed in each leachate of FA samples (+1.10 to +7.09‰), which fall far outside from the range of Cd isotope ratios observed in natural soils and rocks, but less so for the EFA samples (−0.43 to +1.18‰). Such an observation is consistent with the interpretation that isotopically heavy Cd preferentially partitions on the fine FA particles after coal combustion and is readily to be released during these leaching experiments. This study demonstrates that high-temperature coal combustion can lead to a very large degree of fractionation of Cd isotopes that can be used as a unique tracer for identifying anthropogenic metal inputs in the environment. The major Cd isotope fractionation process occurs as the Cd gas phase condenses on fine FA particles during the flue gas cooling stage after coal combustion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007","usgsCitation":"Fouskas, F., Lin, M., Engle, M.A., Ruppert, L.F., Geboy, N., and Costa, M.A., 2018, Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants: Applied Geochemistry, v. 96, p. 100-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-087791","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Ohio","volume":"96","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fouskas, Fotio","contributorId":220837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fouskas","given":"Fotio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lin, Ma","contributorId":57896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Ma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061 lruppert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"lruppert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, Matthew A.","contributorId":220838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198171,"text":"70198171 - 2018 - Landsat time series analysis of fractional plant cover changes on abandoned energy development sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-23T12:50:15","indexId":"70198171","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat time series analysis of fractional plant cover changes on abandoned energy development sites","docAbstract":"Oil and natural gas development in the western United States has increased substantially in recent decades as technological advances like horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have made extraction more commercially viable. Oil and gas pads are often developed for production, and then capped, reclaimed, and left to recover when no longer productive. Understanding the rates, controls, and degree of recovery of these reclaimed well sites to a state similar to pre-development conditions is critical for energy development and land management decision processes. Here we use a multi-decadal time series of satellite imagery (Landsat 5, 1984–2011) to assess vegetation regrowth on 365 abandoned well pads located across the Colorado Plateau in Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. We developed high-frequency time series of the Soil-Adjusted Total Vegetation Index (SATVI) for each well pad using the Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform. BFAST time-series models were used to fit temporal trends, identifying when vegetation was cleared from the site and the magnitudes and rates of vegetation change after abandonment. The time series metrics are used to calculate the relative fractional vegetation cover (RFVC) of each pad, a measure of post-abandonment vegetation cover relative to pre-drilling condition. Mean and median RFVC were 36% (s.d. 33%) and 26%, respectively, five years after abandonment, with one third of well pads having RFVC greater than 50%. Statistical analyses suggest that much of the high vegetation cover is associated with weedy invasive annual species such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and Russian thistle (Salsola spp.). Climate conditions and the year of abandonment also play a role, with increased cover in later years associated with a wetter period. Non-linear change at many pads suggests longer recovery times than would be estimated by linear extrapolation. New techniques implemented here address a complex response of cover change to soils, management, and climate over time, and can be extended to the operational monitoring of energy development across large areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2018.07.008","usgsCitation":"Waller, E.K., Villarreal, M.L., Poitras, T.B., Nauman, T.W., and Duniway, M.C., 2018, Landsat time series analysis of fractional plant cover changes on abandoned energy development sites: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 73, p. 407-419, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.07.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"419","ipdsId":"IP-095879","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.07.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VTGGY0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"5-year Relative Fractional Vegetation Cover at Abandoned Energy Development Sites on the Colorado Plateau"},{"id":355815,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc40ee4b0f5d57878e9a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Eric K. 0000-0002-9169-9210","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9169-9210","contributorId":203496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poitras, Travis B. 0000-0001-8677-1743 tpoitras@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-1743","contributorId":195168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poitras","given":"Travis","email":"tpoitras@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nauman, Travis W. 0000-0001-8004-0608 tnauman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-0608","contributorId":169241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nauman","given":"Travis","email":"tnauman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198145,"text":"70198145 - 2018 - Statistical approach to neural network imaging of karst systems in 3D seismic reflection data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-18T09:53:59","indexId":"70198145","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical approach to neural network imaging of karst systems in 3D seismic reflection data","docAbstract":"The current lack of a robust, standardized technique for geophysical mapping of karst systems can be attributed to both the complexity of the environment and prior technological limitations. Abrupt lateral variations in physical properties that are inherent to karst systems generate significant geophysical noise, challenging conventional seismic signal processing and interpretation. Modern application of neural networks to multi-attribute seismic interpretation now provide a semiautomated method for identifying and leveraging the nonlinear relationships exhibited among seismic attributes. The ambiguity generally associated with designing neural networks for seismic object detection can be reduced via statistical analysis of the extracted attribute data. A data-driven approach to selecting the appropriate set of input seismic attributes, as well as the locations and minimum number of training examples, provides a more objective and computationally efficient method for identifying karst systems using reflection seismology. This statistically optimized neural network technique is thoroughly demonstrated using three-dimensional seismic reflection data collected from the southeastern portion of the Florida carbonate platform. Several dimensionality reduction methods are applied and the resulting karst probability models are evaluated relative to one another based on both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Comparing the preferred model, using quadratic discriminant analysis, to previously available seismic object detection workflows demonstrates the karst-specific nature of the tool. Results suggest that the karst multi-attribute workflow presented is capable of approximating the structural boundaries of karst systems with more accuracy and efficiency than a human counterpart or previously presented seismic interpretation schemes. This objective technique, using solely three-dimensional seismic reflection data, likely represents the most practical approach to mapping karst systems for subsequent hydrogeological modeling.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/int-2017-0197.1","usgsCitation":"Ebuna, D., Kluesner, J., Cunningham, K.J., and Edwards, J.H., 2018, Statistical approach to neural network imaging of karst systems in 3D seismic reflection data: Interpretation, v. 6, no. 3, p. B15-B35, https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2017-0197.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"B15","endPage":"B35","ipdsId":"IP-090061","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc411e4b0f5d57878e9c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebuna, Daniel","contributorId":201729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebuna","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kluesner, Jared W. 0000-0003-1701-8832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-8832","contributorId":206367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluesner","given":"Jared W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Joel H.","contributorId":202599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":27155,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198109,"text":"70198109 - 2018 - The science, engineering applications, and policy implications of simulation-based PSHA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-11T13:18:25","indexId":"70198109","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-16T12:36:41","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The science, engineering applications, and policy implications of simulation-based PSHA","docAbstract":"We summarize scientific methods for developing probabilistic seismic hazard assessments from 3-D earthquake ground motion simulations, describe current use of simulated ground motions for engineering applications, and discuss on-going efforts to incorporate these effects in the U.S. national seismic hazard model. The 3-D simulations provide important, additional information about earthquake ground-shaking, which is critical to proper characterization of potential ground motions. Example uses of these simulations for engineering applications provide alternative approaches to introducing the effects of deep basins on long-period ground motions into design requirements. In Seattle, Washington tall building design includes requirements for accounting for the effect of the Seattle basin, and one method for including this effect relies upon local 3-D simulations. In Los Angeles, California a working group of scientists and engineers is advancing the use of local 3-D simulations for local building codes. In light of the benefit to ground motion characterization from the use of 3-D simulations, similar efforts are underway for national-scale seismic hazard analyses, which seek to make use of the extensive work applied from local efforts; current methods for incorporating these effects on a national-scale are presented.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eleventh United States national conference on earthquake engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Eleventh U.S. national conference on earthquake engineering","conferenceDate":"June 25-29, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Los Angeles, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","usgsCitation":"Moschetti, M.P., Chang, S.P., Crouse, C., Frankel, A.D., Graves, R., Puangnak, H., Luco, N., Goulet, C.A., Rezaeian, S., Shumway, A., Powers, P.M., Petersen, M.D., Callaghan, S., Jordan, T., and Milner, K.R., 2018, The science, engineering applications, and policy implications of simulation-based PSHA, in Eleventh United States national conference on earthquake engineering, Los Angeles, CA, June 25-29, 2016, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097292","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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Scott","contributorId":195136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callaghan","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Jordan, T.H.","contributorId":206311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Milner, Kevin R.","contributorId":194141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70198102,"text":"70198102 - 2018 - Dynamic minimum set problem for reserve design: Heuristic solutions for large problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-16T11:30:58","indexId":"70198102","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic minimum set problem for reserve design: Heuristic solutions for large problems","docAbstract":"Conversion of wild habitats to human dominated landscape is a major cause of biodiversity\nloss. An approach to mitigate the impact of habitat loss consists of designating reserves\nwhere habitat is preserved and managed. Determining the most valuable areas to preserve\nin a landscape is called the reserve design problem. There exists several possible formulations\nof the reserve design problem, depending on the objectives and the constraints. In this\narticle, we considered the dynamic problem of designing a reserve that contains a desired\narea of several key habitats. The dynamic case implies that the reserve cannot be designed\nin one time step, due to budget constraints, and that habitats can be lost before they are\nreserved, due for example to climate change or human development. We proposed two heuristics strategies that can be used to select sites to reserve each year for large reserve\ndesign problem. The first heuristic is a combination of the Marxan and site-ordering algorithms\nand the second heuristic is an augmented version of the common naive myopic heuristic.\nWe evaluated the strategies on several simulated examples and showed that the\naugmented greedy heuristic is particularly interesting when some of the habitats to protect\nare particularly threatened and/or the compactness of the network is accounted for.","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0193093","usgsCitation":"Bonneau, M., Sabbadin, R., Johnson, F.A., and Stith, B., 2018, Dynamic minimum set problem for reserve design: Heuristic solutions for large problems: PLoS ONE, v. 13, no. 3, e0193093; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193093.","productDescription":"e0193093; 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-084058","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193093","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc414e4b0f5d57878e9cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonneau, Mathieu","contributorId":150041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonneau","given":"Mathieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabbadin, Regis","contributorId":206306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabbadin","given":"Regis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37303,"text":"INRA, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stith, Bradley","contributorId":175419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stith","given":"Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":12876,"text":"Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}