Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park has suffered too many modifications throughout its history, natural as well as anthropic, which have affected the carbon storage in different ways. The study of those variations has been carried out by the analysis of sedimentary record and historical data. The sedimentary record has been studied from the core Ciguela 4. It was sampled with a systematic high resolution method (0.7 cm thickness average) to analyze geochemistry and pollen. The analysis of all data shows that the natural changes (linked with the climate) have more variation ranges than the anthropic ones, are directly related with the climate and not with the concentration of the atmospheric CO2, showing a natural cyclicity with a fast mitigation (decades) of the variations. In the other hand the anthropogenic impacts depend on the proximity and intensity of the impact. The usage changes produced during the second half of the 19th century were an indirect impact with medium intensity. The environment had the capacity to recover the values of a normal storage in less than 50 years. Nevertheless the dissication and overexploitation of the groundwater (second half of 20th century) were direct and high intensity impacts. These impacts caused a fast loss of the water table and the salinization of the environment. Due to that the ecosystem lost capacity to store C. recovery of the normal values by a natural way is difficult now.
","language":"Castilian","publisher":"Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana","issn":"0366-0176","usgsCitation":"Dominguez-Castro, F., Santisteban, J., Mediavilla, R., Dean, W.E., Lopez-Pamo, E., Ruiz-Zapata, M.B., and Gil-Garcia, M.J., 2006, Changes in the C storage in Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park (PNTD) in the last 1000 years [Cambios en el almacenamiento de C en el Parque Nacional de Las Tablas de Daimiel (PNTD) en los últimos 1000 años]: Boletin Geologico y Minero, v. 117, p. 537-544.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"544","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","otherGeospatial":"Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -3.779983520507812,\n 39.10182458484289\n ],\n [\n -3.64471435546875,\n 39.10182458484289\n ],\n [\n -3.64471435546875,\n 39.19448036993607\n ],\n [\n -3.779983520507812,\n 39.19448036993607\n ],\n [\n -3.779983520507812,\n 39.10182458484289\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dominguez-Castro, F.","contributorId":82996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dominguez-Castro","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santisteban, J.I.","contributorId":56118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santisteban","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mediavilla, R.","contributorId":43240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mediavilla","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez-Pamo, Enrique","contributorId":221636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Pamo","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruiz-Zapata, Maria Blanca","contributorId":221637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruiz-Zapata","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Blanca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gil-Garcia, Maria Jose","contributorId":221638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gil-Garcia","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Jose","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70046923,"text":"dsNE3071 - 2006 - Drainage areas for selected stream-sampling stations, Missouri River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T13:00:39","indexId":"dsNE3071","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-09T12:49:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NE-3071","title":"Drainage areas for selected stream-sampling stations, Missouri River Basin","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), an investigation of the Missouri River Basin is being conducted to document trends in surface-water quality, specifically for trends in nutrients and suspended sediment. Surface-water samples were collected from streams at specific sampling stations. Water-quality characteristics at each station are influenced by the natural and cultural characteristics of the drainage area upstream from the sampling station. Efficient quantification of the drainage area characteristics requires a digital map of the drainage area boundary that may be processed, together with other digital thematic maps (such as geology or land use), in a geographic information system (GIS). Digital drainage-area boundary data for one stream-sampling station in the Missouri River Basin (MRB4) study area is included in this data release. The drainage divides were identified chiefly using 1:24,000-scale hypsography.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dsNE3071","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Drainage areas for selected stream-sampling stations, Missouri River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series NE-3071, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dsNE3071.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Iowa;Kansas;Montana;Nebraska;North Dakota;South Dakota;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.452497,44.539797 ], [ -110.452497,45.238318 ], [ -109.799224,45.238318 ], [ -109.799224,44.539797 ], [ -110.452497,44.539797 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30e9e4b0f72b44719c6c"} ,{"id":70207682,"text":"70207682 - 2006 - Introduction to ‘Antarctic climate evolution: View from the margin’","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-08T13:13:12.68654","indexId":"70207682","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-06T11:38:30","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to ‘Antarctic climate evolution: View from the margin’","docAbstract":"This special issue on “Antarctic Climate Evolution—view from the margin” presents results from modelling studies and reports on geoscience data aimed at improving our understanding of the behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheet and the climate of the region. This research field is of interest because of the sensitivity of the polar regions to global warming, and because of the influence of the Antarctic ice sheet on global sea level and climate through most if not all of the Cenozoic Era. The Antarctic ice sheet both responds to and forces changes on global climate and sea level. We need to be aware of the scale and frequency of these changes if we are to understand past patterns of environmental change elsewhere on earth. It was only three decades ago that we discovered from strata drilled in shelf basins on the Antarctic margin that the Antarctic ice sheet had a history that predated the Quaternary ice ages by over 20 million years (Hayes et al., 1975). Later that year the first interpretation of Antarctic glacial history through the Cenozoic Era from oxygen isotopes, recorded in foraminifera from deep-sea sediment cores, was published (Shackleton and Kennett, 1975). Revisions with a more extensive database have modified the story a little (Miller et al., 1987, Zachos et al., 2001), and there have been recent attempts to resolve the temperature–ice volume ambiguity (Lear et al., 2000). However, reports on strata drilled on the Antarctic margin have unambiguously shown the character of this huge ice sheet, which was oscillating in the Oligocene (Barrett et al., 1987, Barrett, 1999) with a period and magnitude comparable with the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets of the Quaternary (Naish et al., 2001a, Naish et al., 2001b). In this issue we present further research on the history of the Antarctic ice sheet from Oligocene to recent times, most of them from the Antarctic margin, but with some on the nature of the deep-sea isotope record, and others using recently developed modeling techniques to investigate the influence of atmosphere, ocean and biosphere on past Antarctic climate.
This special issue is the third in three years on the theme of Antarctic Climate Evolution. The first followed a workshop in Erice, Sicily, in 2001 to report on results from ANTOSTRAT, a SCAR-sponsored project for gathering and analysing circum-Antarctic seismic data for planning and promoting offshore drilling for climate history. The introduction to that issue (Florindo et al., 2003) provides a review of the recent history of circum-Antarctic drilling by the Ocean Drilling Program (Legs 113, 114, 119, 120, 177, 178, 188 and 189) and the Cape Roberts Project. For a more comprehensive review of earlier drilling in the Ross Sea region (Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 28, Dry Valley Drilling Project, McMurdo Sound Sediment and Tectonic Studies, Cenozoic Investigations in the western Ross Sea) see Hambrey and Barrett (1993). The first of these issues (Florindo et al., 2003) featured a global plate reconstruction of the Southern Hemisphere through Cenozoic time with emphasis on evolution of Cenozoic seaways (Lawver and Gahagan, 2003) along with a study of the inception and early evolution of the EAIS using a new coupled global climate (GCM)–dynamic ice sheet model (DeConto and Pollard, 2003b), as well as data from recent drilling around the margin covering time period from Cretaceous to the present. A second special issue on the same theme (Florindo et al., 2005) also featured a mix of modelling and data papers with a focus on the Eocene–Oligocene boundary and the initiation of ice sheet growth, including a pioneering attempt to evaluate the relative influence of fluvial versus glacial processes in shaping the landscape of the Prydz Bay sector of Antarctica (Jamieson et al., 2005). The remainder of the issue comprised further papers on seismic stratigraphy and reports from drilling around the margin. The papers to be found in this special issue, like the previous two, maintain the mix of modelling- and data-oriented papers that reflect the range of this research.
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Peter J.","contributorId":22626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Florindo, F.","contributorId":49205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Florindo","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162941,"text":"70162941 - 2006 - Research plan and preliminary results: A field research site for emerging contaminants in Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:41:30","indexId":"70162941","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2555,"text":"Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research plan and preliminary results: A field research site for emerging contaminants in Iowa","docAbstract":"Research has recently documented the prevalence of a wide variety of pharmaceuticals and other emerging contaminants (ECs) in streams across the United States. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been found to be an important source and collection point of ECs to streams as many ECs are incompletely removed during treatment. To investigate the complex in-stream processes (e.g., dilution, sorption, degradation, dispersion, etc.) that can affect ECs following their input from a WWTP and determining if such input is having an effect on the aquatic ecosystem requires the integration of multi-disciplinary efforts at a carefully selected field site. Preliminary work has identified an 8-km reach of Fourmile Creek in central Iowa as an ideal research site to investigate such important research questions pertaining to ECs. Unique aspects of Fourmile Creek included: (1) it single source effluent-dominated stream, (2) background data document the input of a wide variety of ECs from WWTP discharge, (3) small basin size, (4) relatively simple flow system, (5) background data suggest that undefined processes are taking place decreasing the level of select ECs during stream transport, (6) the WWTP uses a treatment technology (activated sludge) typical of many towns in Iowa and the United States (7) a hydrogeologic setting of a low-gradient, small stream (average discharge less than 1.41 m³/s) in glacial drift is typical of many areas in Iowa and across the Midwest, and (8) the existence of a low-head clam approximately 2 km upstream of the WWTP outfall allowing more accurate \"above WWTP\" and \"below WWTP\" comparisons in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, the WWTP is scheduled to close by 2011 providing a unique opportunity to determine how stream hydrology, water chemistry and aquatic biota react to the removal of the primary source of flow and ECs in this system. This will allow a novel \"before\" and \"after\" assessment not previously available in EC research. Research to date at the site has included installation of a streamflow gauging station, dye-tracing tests (to determine water travel times), Lagrangian water-quality sampling at two flow/water temperature regimes, and sampling for ECs in bed sediment. Selected fish have been collected for analysis and identification. In addition, basic fish community and fish health assessment for different seasons and spawning conditions are being analyzed. The research \"framework\" is unique at Fourmile Creek for investigating the important question of how ECs are transported through the environment and if the presence of such compounds is having a deleterious effect on aquatic ecosystems.
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of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":591215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Michael","contributorId":71655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skopec, M.","contributorId":14627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skopec","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":591217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70129589,"text":"70129589 - 2006 - A semi-empirical model for the estimation of maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-15T14:48:20","indexId":"70129589","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T16:05:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A semi-empirical model for the estimation of maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading","docAbstract":"During the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, liquefaction-induced lateral spreading and resultant ground displacements damaged bridges, buried utilities, and lifelines, conventional structures, and other developed works. This paper presents an improved engineering tool for the prediction of maximum displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. A semi-empirical approach is employed, combining mechanistic understanding and data from laboratory testing with data and lessons from full-scale earthquake field case histories. The principle of strain potential index, based primary on correlation of cyclic simple shear laboratory testing results with in-situ Standard Penetration Test (SPT) results, is used as an index to characterized the deformation potential of soils after they liquefy. A Bayesian probabilistic approach is adopted for development of the final predictive model, in order to take fullest advantage of the data available and to deal with the inherent uncertainties intrinstiic to the back-analyses of field case histories. A case history from the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake is utilized to demonstrate the ability of the resultant semi-empirical model to estimate maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"8th U.S. National Conference of Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"2006-04-18T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Oakland, CA","usgsCitation":"Faris, A.T., Seed, R., Kayen, R., and Wu, J., 2006, A semi-empirical model for the estimation of maximum horizontal displacement due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, in Proceedings of the 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, CA, 2006-04-18T00:00:00, 1323; 10 p.","productDescription":"1323; 10 p.","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544a18ade4b04d2014abfb03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faris, Allison T.","contributorId":76248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faris","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seed, Raymond B.","contributorId":62162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seed","given":"Raymond B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. rkayen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert E.","email":"rkayen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wu, Jiaer","contributorId":19102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Jiaer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79526,"text":"sir20065179 - 2006 - Watershed characteristics and pre-restoration surface-water hydrology of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, water years 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T20:41:47.458782","indexId":"sir20065179","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5179","displayTitle":"Watershed Characteristics and Pre-Restoration Surface-Water Hydrology of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, Water Years 2002-04","title":"Watershed characteristics and pre-restoration surface-water hydrology of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, water years 2002-04","docAbstract":"Stream restoration efforts have been ongoing in Maryland since the early 1990s. Physical stream restoration often involves replacement of lost sediments to elevate degraded streambeds, re-establishment of riffle-pool sequences along the channel profile, planting vegetation in riparian zones, and re-constructing channel banks, point bars, flood plains, and stream-meanders. The primary goal of many restoration efforts is to re-establish geomorphic stability of the stream channel and reduce erosive energy from urban runoff. Monitoring streams prior to and after restoration could help quantify other possible benefits of stream restoration, such as improved water quality and biota.\r\n\r\nThis report presents general watershed characteristics associated with the Minebank Run watershed; a small, urban watershed in the south-central section of Baltimore County, Maryland that was physically restored in phases during 1999, 2004, and 2005. The physiography, geology, hydrology, land use, soils, and pre-restoration geomorphic setting of the unrestored stream channel are discussed.\r\n\r\nThe report describes a reach of Minebank Run that was selected for the purpose of collecting several types of environmental data prior to restoration, including continuous-record and partial-record stage and streamflow data, precipitation, and ground-water levels. Examples of surface-water data that were collected in and near the study reach during water years 2002 through 2004, including continuous-record streamflow, partial-record stage and discharge, and precipitation, are described. These data were used in analyses of several characteristics of surface-water hydrology in the watershed, including (1) rainfall totals, storm duration, and intensity, (2) instantaneous peak discharge and daily mean discharge, (3) stage-discharge ratings, (4) hydraulic-geometry relations, (5) water-surface slope, (6) time of concentration, (7) flood frequency, (8) flood volume, and (9) rainfall-runoff relations.\r\n\r\nSeveral hydrologic characteristics that are typical of urban environments were quantified by these analyses. These include (1) large ratios of peak discharge to daily mean discharge as an indicator of flashiness, (2) consistent shifting of the stage-discharge rating over short periods of time that indicates instability of the stream channel, (3) analyses of hydraulic-geometry relations that indicate mean velocities of 11 feet per second or more while the flow is contained in the stream channel, (4) discharges that are 4 to 5 times larger in Minebank Run for corresponding flood frequency recurrence intervals than in Slade Run, which is a Piedmont watershed of similar size with smaller percentages of urban development, and (5) flood waves that can travel through the stream channel at a velocity of 412 feet per minute, or 6.9 feet per second.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065179","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Doheny, E.J., Starsoneck, R.J., Striz, E.A., and Mayer, P.M., 2006, Watershed characteristics and pre-restoration surface-water hydrology of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, water years 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5179, viii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065179.","productDescription":"viii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"50","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2004-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194876,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":373106,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5179/index.html"}],"country":"United 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The use of such tectonic and geochemical records requires an accurate understanding of sedimentary dynamics in an arc setting: processes of deposition and reworking that affect the degree to which sediments represent the contemporaneous volcanism at the time of their deposition. We review evidence from the modern Mariana and Tonga arcs and the ancient arc crustal section in the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation of south-central Alaska, and introduce new data from the Mariana Arc, to produce a conceptual model of volcaniclastic sedimentation processes in oceanic arc settings. All three arcs are interpreted to have formed in tectonically erosive margin settings, resulting in long-term extension and subsidence. Debris aprons composed of turbidites and debris flow deposits occur in the immediate vicinity of arc volcanoes, forming relatively continuous mass-wasted volcaniclastic records in abundant accommodation space. There is little erosion or reworking of old volcanic materials near the arc volcanic front. Tectonically generated topography in the forearc effectively blocks sediment flow from the volcanic front to the trench; although some canyons deliver sediment to the trench slope, most volcaniclastic sedimentation is limited to the area immediately around volcanic centers. Arc sedimentary sections in erosive plate margins can provide comprehensive records of volcanism and tectonism spanning < 10 My. The chemical evolution of a limited section of an oceanic arc may be best reconstructed from sediments of the debris aprons for intervals up to ~ 20 My but no longer, because subduction erosion causes migration of the forearc basin crust and its sedimentary cover toward the trench, where there is little volcaniclastic sedimentation and where older sediments are dissected and reworked along the trench slope.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2006.044","usgsCitation":"Draut, A.E., and Clift, P., 2006, Sedimentary processes in modern and ancient oceanic arc settings: evidence from the Jurassic Talkeetna Formation of Alaska and the Mariana and Tonga Arcs, western Pacific: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 76, no. 3, p. 493-514, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.044.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"514","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295695,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295694,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.044"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mariana Arc, Talkeetna formation, Tonga Arc","volume":"76","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544a190fe4b04d2014abfb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Draut, Amy E.","contributorId":108424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clift, Peter D.","contributorId":103203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clift","given":"Peter D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70129643,"text":"70129643 - 2006 - Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T13:38:00","indexId":"70129643","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T13:34:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems","docAbstract":"Scientific knowledge from the past century is commonly represented by two-dimensional figures and graphs, as presented in manuscripts and maps. Using today's computer technology, this information can be extracted and projected into three- and four-dimensional perspectives. Computer models can be applied to datasets to provide additional insight into complex spatial and temporal systems. This process can be demonstrated by applying digitizing and modeling techniques to valuable information within widely used publications.
\nThe seminal paper by D. Frazier, published in 1967, identified 16 separate delta lobes formed by the Mississippi River during the past 6,000 yrs. The paper includes stratigraphic descriptions through geologic cross-sections, and provides distribution and chronologies of the delta lobes. The data from Frazier's publication are extensively referenced in the literature. Additional information can be extracted from the data through computer modeling.
\nDigitizing and geo-rectifying Frazier's geologic cross-sections produce a three-dimensional perspective of the delta lobes. Adding the chronological data included in the report provides the fourth-dimension of the delta cycles, which can be visualized through computer-generated animation. Supplemental information can be added to the model, such as post-abandonment subsidence of the delta-lobe surface. Analyzing the regional, net surface-elevation balance between delta progradations and land subsidence is computationally intensive. By visualizing this process during the past 4,500 yrs through multi-dimensional animation, the importance of sediment compaction in influencing both the shape and direction of subsequent delta progradations becomes apparent. Visualization enhances a classic dataset, and can be further refined using additional data, as well as provide a guide for identifying future areas of study.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Flocks, J., 2006, Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 56, p. 195-203.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295731,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/056/056001/195_gcags560195.htm"}],"volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a2de4b03653c63fb1de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flocks, James","contributorId":43696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046921,"text":"70046921 - 2006 - Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:57:48","indexId":"70046921","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:41:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","docAbstract":"This is a GENERALIZED version of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas to be studied during the second decade of the NAWQA Program, from 2001-2012 (\"cycle 2\"). The coverage is intended only for drawing ILLUSTRATIONS, NOT for spatial analysis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046921","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., 2006, Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012 (1.0), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046921.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274763,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqagencyc2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.849844,23.254474 ], [ -127.849844,51.553462 ], [ -65.379042,51.553462 ], [ -65.379042,23.254474 ], [ -127.849844,23.254474 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30eae4b0f72b44719c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046920,"text":"70046920 - 2006 - Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:39:56","indexId":"70046920","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","docAbstract":"This is a GENERALIZED version of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas studied during the first decade of the NAWQA Program, from 1991-2001 (\"cycle 1\"). The coverage is intended only for drawing ILLUSTRATIONS, NOT for spatial analysis. The sources of this coverage were the full resolution NAWQA study unit coverage, which is available at http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?nawqacyc1 and the coastline from a 1:2 million county coverage generalized for display at the scale of 1:34 million.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046920","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., 2006, Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046920.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274761,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqagencyc1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.849768,23.254474 ], [ -127.849768,51.553303 ], [ -65.379115,51.553303 ], [ -65.379115,23.254474 ], [ -127.849768,23.254474 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30eae4b0f72b44719c7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006717,"text":"70006717 - 2006 - Chronic wasting disease infection patterns in female white-tailed deer related to demographics, genetic relationships, and spatial proximity of infected deer in southern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-09T10:13:40","indexId":"70006717","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Chronic wasting disease infection patterns in female white-tailed deer related to demographics, genetic relationships, and spatial proximity of infected deer in southern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal disease of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) caused by transmissible protease resistant prions. Since the discovery of CWD in southern Wisconsin in 2001, more than 20,000 deer have been removed from a >2,500 km2 disease eradication zone surrounding the three initial cases. Nearly all deer removed were tested for CWD infection and sex, age, and harvest location were recorded. Our analysis used data from a 310 kin2 core study area where disease prevalence was higher than surrounding areas. We found no difference in harvest rates between CWD infected and non-infected deer. Ow results show that the probability of infection increased with age and that adult males were more likely to be infected than adult females. Six fawns tested positive for CWD, five fawns from the core study area, including the youngest (5 months) kee-ranging cervid to test positive. The increase in male prevalence with age is nearly twice the increase found in females. We concluded that CWD is not randomly distributed among deer and that differential transmission among sex and age classes is likely driving the observed patterns in disease prevalence. We discuss alternative hypotheses for CWD transmission and spread and, in addition, discuss several possible non-linear relationships between prevalence and age. Understanding CWD transmission in free-ranging cervid populations will be essential to the development of strategies to manage this disease in areas where CWD is found as well as for surveillance strategies in areas where CWD threatens to spread.
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Daniel A. 0000-0002-5478-1549","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549","contributorId":26563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grear","given":"Daniel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046918,"text":"70046918 - 2006 - National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:02:54","indexId":"70046918","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:56:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","docAbstract":"This is a coverage of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas to be studied during the second cycle of the NAWQA Program, from 2001-2012 (\"cycle 2\").","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046918","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., and Nakagaki, N., 2006, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012 (1), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046918.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274757,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqacyc2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.872474,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,22.877918 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30ede4b0f72b44719ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakagaki, N.","contributorId":58420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046917,"text":"70046917 - 2006 - National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T11:53:04","indexId":"70046917","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:41:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","docAbstract":"This is a coverage of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas studied during the first decade of the NAWQA Program, from 1991-2001 (\"cycle 1\").","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046917","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., and Nakagaki, N., 2006, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001 (6.1), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046917.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274754,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqacyc1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.872474,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,22.877918 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"6.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30ede4b0f72b44719ca3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakagaki, N.","contributorId":58420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199488,"text":"70199488 - 2006 - Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T11:26:19","indexId":"70199488","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:25:47","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta","docAbstract":"Providing freshwater to human populations while protecting or rehabilitating ecosystem health is a significant challenge to water resource managers and requires accurate knowledge of aquatic resources. Previous studies of fish assemblages in the San Francisco Estuary and watershed have focused on specific habitat types, water bodies, or geographic subregions. In this study, we use seining data from two monitoring programs to provide an integrated view of spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life history characteristics in five regions: the San Joaquin River, the upper Sacramento River, the lower Sacramento River, the northern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (North Delta), and the Interior Delta. Data for the period March-May from 1994 to 2002, showed that spring species composition of the San Joaquin River was very different from the other four regions. Total catch in the San Joaquin River was dominated by small, short-lived batch spawning alien species (93%), particularly red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis (>75% of total catch). The upper and lower Sacramento River were very similar in species composition and life history characteristics and less dominated by alien fish (<45% of total catch). Ordination of species percentage abundances by non–metric multidimensional scaling confirmed that the major gradient was from assemblages dominated by native species to assemblages dominated by alien species. Two-way analysis of variance of ordination scores indicated that spatial variability was more important than annual variability in explaining patterns in species composition. The potential benefits of San Joaquin River native fish restoration appear high because there is so much potential for improvement; however, it is unclear how to best manipulate the system to achieve such restoration. Addressing such uncertainties is necessary if society desires the reservation and restoration of native biodiversity as human demands on water resources increase.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Bay-Delta Authority Science Program, Jon Muir Institute of the Environment","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., and May, J.T., 2006, Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 4, no. 2, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09j597dn"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Watershed and Delta","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e014e4b034bf6a7feedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198704,"text":"70198704 - 2006 - Selected case studies using CFC data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T09:14:41","indexId":"70198704","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T09:13:08","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Selected case studies using CFC data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook","language":"English","publisher":"IAEA","publisherLocation":"Vienna","isbn":"92-0-100805-8","usgsCitation":"Plummer, L., Busenberg, E., Cook, P., Han, L.F., and Groning, M., 2006, Selected case studies using CFC data, chap. 9 of Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook, p. 135-182.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"182","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c454e4b0702d0e84614f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, P.G.","contributorId":103807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Han, L. F","contributorId":190101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Han","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groning, M.","contributorId":60039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groning","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198701,"text":"70198701 - 2006 - Data interpretation in representative cases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T09:03:01","indexId":"70198701","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T09:01:03","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"8","title":"Data interpretation in representative cases","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook","language":"English","publisher":"IAEA","publisherLocation":"Vienna","isbn":"92-0-100805-8","usgsCitation":"Plummer, L., Busenberg, E., and Han, L.F., 2006, Data interpretation in representative cases, chap. 8 of Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook, p. 105-134.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"134","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c454e4b0702d0e846153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Han, L. F","contributorId":190101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Han","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":96283,"text":"96283 - 2006 - Temporal, spatial, and environmental influences on the demographics of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T12:12:55","indexId":"96283","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T02:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Temporal, spatial, and environmental influences on the demographics of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"During the past 2 decades, the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) has increased in numbers and expanded in range. Understanding temporal, environmental, and spatial variables responsible for this change is useful in evaluating what likely influenced grizzly bear demographics in the GYE and where future management efforts might benefit conservation and management. We used recent data from radio-marked bears to estimate reproduction (1983–2002) and survival (1983–2001); these we combined into models to evaluate demographic vigor (lambda [λ]). We explored the influence of an array of individual, temporal, and spatial covariates on demographic vigor.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0084-0173(2006)161[1:TSAEIO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, C.C., Haroldson, M.A., White, G.C., Harris, R., Cherry, S., Keating, K.A., Moody, D., and Servheen, C., 2006, Temporal, spatial, and environmental influences on the demographics of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, v. 161, no. 1, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.2193/0084-0173(2006)161[1:TSAEIO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"68 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292055,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0084-0173(2006)161[1:TSAEIO]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 43.5326204268101\n ],\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -108.87451171875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -108.87451171875,\n 43.5326204268101\n ],\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 43.5326204268101\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"161","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685263","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Charles C.","contributorId":55950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":299386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":299382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":66831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":299387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Richard B.","contributorId":55138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cherry, Steve","contributorId":90450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keating, Kim A.","contributorId":44660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moody, Dave","contributorId":79999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Servheen, Christopher","contributorId":47507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Servheen","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":85885,"text":"85885 - 2006 - Estimating Potential Effects of Hypothetical Oil Spills on Polar Bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-09T19:26:34","indexId":"85885","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Estimating Potential Effects of Hypothetical Oil Spills on Polar Bears","docAbstract":"Much is known about the transport and fate of oil spilled into the sea and its toxicity to exposed wildlife. Previously, however, there has been no way to quantify the probability that wildlife dispersed over the seascape would be exposed to spilled oil. Polar bears, the apical predator of the arctic, are widely dispersed near the continental shelves of the Arctic Ocean, an area also undergoing considerable hydrocarbon exploration and development. We used 15,308 satellite locations from 194 radiocollared polar bears to estimate the probability that polar bears could be exposed to hypothetical oil spills. We used a true 2 dimensional Gausian kernel density estimator, to estimate the number of bears likely to occur in each 1.00 km2 cell of a grid superimposed over near shore areas surrounding 2 oil production facilities: the existing Northstar oil production facility, and the proposed offshore site for the Liberty production facility. We estimated the standard errors of bear numbers per cell with bootstrapping. Simulated oil spill footprints for September and October, the times during which we hypothesized effects of an oil-spill would be worst, were estimated using real wind and current data collected between 1980 and 1996. We used ARC/Info software to calculate overlap (numbers of bears oiled) between simulated oil-spill footprints and polar bear grid-cell values. Numbers of bears potentially oiled by a hypothetical 5912 barrel spill (the largest spill thought probable from a pipeline breach) ranged from 0 to 27 polar bears for September open water conditions, and from 0 to 74 polar bears in October mixed ice conditions. Median numbers oiled by the 5912 barrel hypothetical spill from the Liberty simulation in September and October were 1 and 3 bears, equivalent values for the Northstar simulation were 3 and 11 bears. In October, 75% of trajectories from the 5912 barrel simulated spill at Liberty oiled 9 or fewer bears while 75% of the trajectories affected 20 or fewer polar bears when we simulated an October spill at the Northstar site. Northstar Island is nearer the active ice flaw zone than Liberty. Simulations suggested that oil spilled at Northstar would spread more effectively and more consistently into surrounding areas. Also, polar bear densities are consistently higher near Northstar. Oil spills simulated for the Liberty site were more erratic in the areas they covered and the numbers of bears impacted, and numbers of bears hypothetically exposed were usually smaller. Methods described here are broadly applicable to other dispersed marine wildlife. Key words: Arctic, Beaufort Sea, clustering, kernel, management, oil spill, polar bears, population delineation, radiotelemetry, satellite, smoothing, Ursus maritimus
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center","doi":"10.3133/85885","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., Durner, G.M., McDonald, T.L., and Johnson, W., 2006, Estimating Potential Effects of Hypothetical Oil Spills on Polar Bears, https://doi.org/10.3133/85885.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91990,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.polarbearsinternational.org/sites/default/files/scientists/amstrup_et_al_mms_oil_spill_2006.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688276","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":296663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, T. L.","contributorId":101211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, W.R.","contributorId":100316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028656,"text":"70028656 - 2006 - Slip on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California, over two earthquake cycles, and the implications for seismic hazard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028656","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slip on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California, over two earthquake cycles, and the implications for seismic hazard","docAbstract":"Parkfield, California, which experienced M 6.0 earthquakes in 1934, 1966, and 2004, is one of the few locales for which geodetic observations span multiple earthquake cycles. We undertake a comprehensive study of deformation over the most recent earthquake cycle and explore the results in the context of geodetic data collected prior to the 1966 event. Through joint inversion of the variety of Parkfield geodetic measurements (trilateration, two-color laser, and Global Positioning System), including previously unpublished two-color data, we estimate the spatial distribution of slip and slip rate along the San Andreas using a fault geometry based on precisely relocated seismicity. Although the three most recent Parkfield earthquakes appear complementary in their along-strike distributions of slip, they do not produce uniform strain release along strike over multiple seismic cycles. Since the 1934 earthquake, more than 1 m of slip deficit has accumulated on portions of the fault that slipped in the 1966 and 2004 earthquakes, and an average of 2 m of slip deficit exists on the 33 km of the fault southeast of Gold Hill to be released in a future, perhaps larger, earthquake. It appears that the fault is capable of partially releasing stored strain in moderate earthquakes, maintaining a disequilibrium through multiple earthquake cycles. This complicates the application of simple earthquake recurrence models that assume only the strain accumulated since the most recent event is relevant to the size or timing of an upcoming earthquake. Our findings further emphasize that accumulated slip deficit is not sufficient for earthquake nucleation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050820","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Murray, J., and Langbein, J., 2006, Slip on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California, over two earthquake cycles, and the implications for seismic hazard: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 4 B, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050820.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209603,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050820"},{"id":236256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4 B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b914be4b08c986b319811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, J.","contributorId":94837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langbein, J.","contributorId":16990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028407,"text":"70028407 - 2006 - Balancing predation and egg harvest in a colonial seabird: A simulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:28:26","indexId":"70028407","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Balancing predation and egg harvest in a colonial seabird: A simulation model","docAbstract":"We developed an individual-based model to study the effects of different regimes of harvesting eggs and natural predation on reproductive success in a colony of the glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens) in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. The model incorporates the sequence of egg laying, relaying, and incubation to hatching for individual nests and calculates hatching success, incubation length, and the total number of eggs laid (as a result of re-nesting and relaying) in all nests in the colony. Stochasticity is incorporated in the distribution of nest lay dates, predation rates, and nests attacked during predation and harvest events. We estimated parameter values by fitting the model to data collected at a small colony during 1999 and 2000 using maximum likelihood. We then simulated harvests and analyzed model predictions. Model outputs indicate that harvesting early, and at one time, provides a predictable take of eggs with the least impact to gulls.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.002","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Zador, S., Piatt, J.F., and Punt, A., 2006, Balancing predation and egg harvest in a colonial seabird: A simulation model: Ecological Modelling, v. 195, no. 3-4, p. 318-326, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"326","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210323,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.002"}],"volume":"195","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efaae4b0c8380cd4a3b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zador, Stephani","contributorId":60992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zador","given":"Stephani","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Punt, A. E.","contributorId":25747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Punt","given":"A. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028738,"text":"70028738 - 2006 - Parameterization and simulation of near bed orbital velocities under irregular waves in shallow water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-23T15:38:18","indexId":"70028738","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parameterization and simulation of near bed orbital velocities under irregular waves in shallow water","docAbstract":"A set of empirical formulations is derived that describe important wave properties in shallow water as functions of commonly used parameters such as wave height, wave period, local water depth and local bed slope. These wave properties include time varying near-bed orbital velocities and statistical properties such as the distribution of wave height and wave period. Empirical expressions of characteristic wave parameters are derived on the basis of extensive analysis of field data using recently developed evolutionary algorithms. The field data covered a wide range of wave conditions, though there were few conditions with wave periods greater than 15 s. Comparison with field measurements showed good agreement both on a time scale of a single wave period as well as time averaged velocity moments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2006.06.002","issn":"03783839","usgsCitation":"Elfrink, B., Hanes, D., and Ruessink, B., 2006, Parameterization and simulation of near bed orbital velocities under irregular waves in shallow water: Coastal Engineering, v. 53, no. 11, p. 915-927, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2006.06.002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"915","endPage":"927","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209712,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2006.06.002"}],"volume":"53","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a74d0e4b0c8380cd77848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elfrink, B.","contributorId":98186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elfrink","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruessink, B.G.","contributorId":38029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruessink","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028844,"text":"70028844 - 2006 - Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028844","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed","docAbstract":"The spatial variability of subreach denitrification rates in streams was evaluated with respect to controlling environmental conditions, molecular examination of denitrifying bacteria, and dimensional analysis. Denitrification activities ranged from 0 and 800 ng-N gsed-1 d-1 with large variations observed within short distances (<50 m) along stream reaches. A log-normal probability distribution described the range in denitrification activities and was used to define low (16% of the probability distributibn), medium (68%), and high (16%) denitrification potential groups. Denitrifying bacteria were quantified using a competitive polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) technique that amplified the nirK gene that encodes for nitrite reductase. Results showed a range of nirK quantities from 103 to 107 gene-copy-number gsed.-1 A nonparametric statistical test showed no significant difference in nirK quantifies among stream reaches, but revealed that samples with a high denitrification potential had significantly higher nirK quantities. Denitrification activity was positively correlated with nirK quantities with scatter in the data that can be attributed to varying environmental conditions along stream reaches. Dimensional analysis was used to evaluate denitrification activities according to environmental variables that describe fluid-flow properties, nitrate and organic material quantities, and dissolved oxygen flux. Buckingham's pi theorem was used to generate dimensionless groupings and field data were used to determine scaling parameters. The resulting expressions between dimensionless NO3- flux and dimensionless groupings of environmental variables showed consistent scaling, which indicates that the subreach variability in denitrification rates can be predicted by the controlling physical, chemical, and microbiological conditions. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JG000254","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, B., Hondzo, M., Dobraca, D., LaPara, T., Finlay, J., and Brezonik, P., 2006, Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000254.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477469,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jg000254","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209642,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000254"},{"id":236306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a924ce4b0c8380cd80794","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, B.L.","contributorId":24977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hondzo, Miki","contributorId":11816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hondzo","given":"Miki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12693,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":419954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobraca, D.","contributorId":99755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobraca","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaPara, T.M.","contributorId":24150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPara","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finlay, J.A.","contributorId":98097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlay","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brezonik, P.L.","contributorId":27001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezonik","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028813,"text":"70028813 - 2006 - Airport geomagnetic surveys in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028813","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2802,"text":"NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airport geomagnetic surveys in the United States","docAbstract":"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the United States military have requirements for design, location, and construction of compass calibration pads (compass roses), these having been developed through collaboration with US Geological Survey (USGS) personnel. These requirements are detailed in the FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5300-13, Appendix 4, and in various military documents, such as Handbook 1021/1, but the major requirement is that the range of declination measured within 75 meters of the center of a compass rose be less than or equal to 30 minutes of arc. The USGS Geomagnetism Group has developed specific methods for conducting a magnetic survey so that existing compass roses can be judged in terms of the needed standards and also that new sites can be evaluated for their suitability as potentially new compass roses. First, a preliminary survey is performed with a total-field magnetometer, with differences over the site area of less than 75nT being sufficient to warrant additional, more detailed surveying. Next, a number of survey points are established over the compass rose area and nearby, where declination is to be measured with an instrument capable of measuring declination to within 1 minute of arc, such as a Gurley transit magnetometer, DI Flux theodolite magnetometer, or Wild T-0. The data are corrected for diurnal and irregular effects of the magnetic field and declination is determined for each survey point, as well as declination range and average of the entire compass rose site. Altogether, a typical survey takes about four days to complete. ?? 2006 Springer.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-5025-1_19","issn":"18714668","isbn":"1402050232; 9781402050237","usgsCitation":"Berarducci, A., 2006, Airport geomagnetic surveys in the United States: NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security, p. 247-258, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5025-1_19.","startPage":"247","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5025-1_19"},{"id":236409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e92be4b0c8380cd48133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berarducci, A.","contributorId":11393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berarducci","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70028644,"text":"70028644 - 2006 - Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028644","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria","docAbstract":"Coral recruitment is a key process in the maintenance and recovery of coral reef ecosystems. While intense competition between coral and algae is often assumed on reefs that have undergone phase shifts from coral to algal dominance, data examining the competitive interactions involved, particularly during the larval and immediate post-settlement stage, are scarce. Using a series of field and outdoor seawater table experiments, we tested the hypothesis that common species of macroalgae and cyanobacteria inhibit coral recruitment. We examined the effects of Lyngbya spp., Dictyota spp., Lobophora variegata (J. V. Lamouroux) Womersley, and Chondrophycus poiteaui (J. V. Lamouroux) Nam (formerly Laurencia poiteaui) on the recruitment success of Porites astreoides larvae. All species but C. poiteaui caused either recruitment inhibition or avoidance behavior in P. astreoides larvae, while L. confervoides and D. menstrualis significantly increased mortality rates of P. astreoides recruits. We also tested the effect of some of these macrophytes on larvae of the gorgonian octocoral Briareum asbestinum. Exposure to Lyngbya majuscula reduced survival and recruitment in the octocoral larvae. Our results provide evidence that algae and cyanobacteria use tactics beyond space occupation to inhibit coral recruitment. On reefs experiencing phase shifts or temporary algal blooms, the restocking of adult coral populations may be slowed due to recruitment inhibition, thereby perpetuating reduced coral cover and limiting coral community recovery. ?? Inter-Research 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3354/meps323107","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I., Walters, L., Becerro, M., Paul, V., Ritson-Williams, R., and Beach, K., 2006, Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 323, p. 107-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps323107.","startPage":"107","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477687,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps323107","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps323107"},{"id":236573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"323","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bd7e4b0c8380cd62878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, I. B.","contributorId":40328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"I. 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