Rainy Lake contains a native population of lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens that has been largely unstudied. The aims of this study were to document the population characteristics of lake sturgeon in Rainy Lake and to relate environmental factors to year-class strength for this population. Gill-netting efforts throughout the study resulted in the capture of 322 lake sturgeon, including 50 recaptures. Lake sturgeon in Rainy Lake was relatively plump and fast growing compared with a 32-population summary. Population samples were dominated by lake sturgeon between 110 and 150 cm total length. Age–structure analysis of the samples indicated few younger (<10 years) lake sturgeon, but the smallest gill net mesh size used for sampling was 102 mm (bar measure) and would not retain small sturgeon. Few lake sturgeon older than age 50 years were captured, and maximum age of sampled fish was 59 years. Few correlations existed between lake sturgeon year-class indices and both annual and monthly climate variables, except that mean June air temperature was positively correlated with year-class strength. Analysis of Rainy Lake water elevation and resulting lake sturgeon year-class strength indices across years yielded consistent but weak negative correlations between late April and early June, when spawning of lake sturgeon occurs. The baseline data collected in this study should allow Rainy Lake biologists to establish more specific research questions in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00725.x","usgsCitation":"Adams, W., Kallemeyn, L., and Willis, D., 2006, Lake sturgeon population characteristics in Rainy Lake, Minnesota and Ontario: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 97-102, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00725.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"102","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Rainy Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.30551147460938,\n 48.97571019275402\n ],\n [\n -93.46618652343749,\n 48.942347261978476\n ],\n [\n -93.66943359374999,\n 48.84754712952161\n ],\n [\n -93.57742309570312,\n 48.78243740444988\n ],\n [\n -93.4002685546875,\n 48.7661467593689\n ],\n [\n -93.46206665039062,\n 48.70455661164196\n ],\n [\n -93.42086791992188,\n 48.61656946813302\n ],\n [\n -93.22723388671875,\n 48.5729726246542\n ],\n [\n -93.26019287109375,\n 48.568429123191514\n ],\n [\n -93.26431274414062,\n 48.5493419587775\n ],\n [\n -93.1365966796875,\n 48.53843177405044\n ],\n [\n -93.05694580078125,\n 48.54297797016485\n ],\n [\n -92.977294921875,\n 48.571155273059546\n ],\n [\n -92.7520751953125,\n 48.49112712828191\n ],\n [\n -92.62161254882812,\n 48.50932644976633\n ],\n [\n -92.51449584960938,\n 48.54843286654265\n ],\n [\n -92.74795532226562,\n 48.66647793923832\n ],\n [\n -92.79602050781249,\n 48.69911856401931\n ],\n [\n -92.92922973632812,\n 48.71090025795715\n ],\n [\n -93.19564819335938,\n 48.706369163618795\n ],\n [\n -93.06930541992188,\n 48.79148547876059\n ],\n [\n -93.28765869140625,\n 48.96669538503323\n ],\n [\n -93.30551147460938,\n 48.97571019275402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4306","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, W.E. Jr.","contributorId":23489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"W.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kallemeyn, L.W.","contributorId":44864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kallemeyn","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willis, D.W.","contributorId":56179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001083,"text":"1001083 - 2006 - Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-09T17:06:38.303293","indexId":"1001083","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Previous (1992–1994) surveys for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) along main channels of the Detroit River showed that unionids had been extirpated from all but four sites in the upper reaches of the river due to impacts of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis). These four sites were surveyed again in 1998 using the same sampling method (timed-random searches) to determine if they may serve as “refugia” where unionids and dreissenids co-exist. Two additional sites were sampled using additional methods (excavated-quadrat and line-transect searches) for comparison with unpublished data collected in 1987 and 1990. A total of four individuals of four species (Actinonaias ligamentina, Cyclonaias tuberculata, Lasmigona complanata and Pleurobema sintoxia) were found by timed-random searches at four sites in 1998 compared to 720 individuals of 24 species in 1992 and 39 individuals of 13 species in 1994. Excavated-quadrat and line-transect searches at the two additional sites yielded only one live specimen of Ptychobranchus fasciolaris compared to 288 individuals of 18 species in 1987 and 1990. Results of this study suggest that remaining densities of unionids in channels of the Detroit River are too low to support viable reproducing populations of any species. Therefore, we conclude that unionids have been extirpated from main channels of the Detroit River due to dreissenid infestation. As the Detroit River was one of the first water bodies in North America to be invaded by dreissenids, it is likely that unionids will also be extirpated from many other rivers and lakes across eastern North America over the next few decades. Resource agencies should be encouraged to implement active management programs to protect remaining unionid populations from zebra mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2006)155[307:EOFMBU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schloesser, D.W., Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., Kovalak, W.P., Longton, G.D., and Smithee, R.D., 2006, Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes: American Midland Naturalist, v. 155, no. 2, p. 307-320, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2006)155[307:EOFMBU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"320","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":412910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Detroit River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.36486265488605\n ],\n [\n -83.02386372199643,\n 42.36486265488605\n ],\n [\n -83.02386372199643,\n 42.321294249119575\n ],\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.321294249119575\n ],\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.36486265488605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"155","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688361","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schloesser, Don W.","contributorId":21485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metcalfe-Smith, Janice L.","contributorId":82267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metcalfe-Smith","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovalak, William P.","contributorId":77479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovalak","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Longton, Gary D.","contributorId":17199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longton","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smithee, Rick D.","contributorId":100807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smithee","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1003348,"text":"1003348 - 2006 - Response of fishes to floodplain connectivity during and following a 500-year flood event in the unimpounded upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:48","indexId":"1003348","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of fishes to floodplain connectivity during and following a 500-year flood event in the unimpounded upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"We examined data collected on fish assemblage structure among three differing floodplain types (broad, moderate, and narrow) during the 1993 flood in the unimpounded reach of the upper Mississippi River. This 500 year flood event provided a unique opportunity to investigate fish-floodplain function because the main river channel is otherwise typically disjunct from approximately 82% of its floodplain by an extensive levee system. Fishes were sampled during three separate periods, and 42 species of adult and young-of-the-year (YOY) fishes were captured. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) revealed a significant and distinguishable difference between both adult and YOY assemblage structure among the three floodplain types. Analysis of variance revealed that Secchi transparency, turbidity, water velocity, and dissolved oxygen were significantly different among the floodplain types. However, only depth of gear deployment and Secchi transparency were significantly correlated with adult assemblage structure. None of these variables were significantly correlated with YOY assemblage structure. The numerically abundant families (adult and YOY catches combined) on the floodplain included Centrarchidae, Ictularidae, and Cyprinidae. Both native and non-native fishes were captured on the floodplain, and several of the numerically abundant species that were captured on the floodplain peaked in catch-per-unit-effort 1-3 years after the 1993 flood event. This suggests that some species may have used flooded terrestrial habitat for spawning, feeding, or both. The findings from our study provide much needed insight into fish-floodplain function in a temperate, channelized river system and suggest that lateral connectivity of the main river channel to less degraded reaches of its floodplain should become a management priority not only to maintain faunal biodiversity but also potentially reduce the impacts of non-native species in large river systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Barko, V., Herzog, D., and O’Connell, M.T., 2006, Response of fishes to floodplain connectivity during and following a 500-year flood event in the unimpounded upper Mississippi River: Wetlands, v. 26, no. 1, p. 244-257.","productDescription":"pp. 244-257","startPage":"244","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15585,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1672/0277-5212%282006%2926%5B244%3AROFTFC%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4356.000000000000000"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629bf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barko, V.A.","contributorId":75477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barko","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herzog, D.P.","contributorId":103218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Connell, M. T.","contributorId":105679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003357,"text":"1003357 - 2006 - An assessment of bird habitat quality using population growth rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-06T23:20:00.138573","indexId":"1003357","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of bird habitat quality using population growth rates","docAbstract":"Survival and reproduction directly affect population growth rate (lambda) making lambda a fundamental parameter for assessing habitat quality. We used field data, literature review, and a computer simulation to predict annual productivity and lambda for several species of landbirds breeding in floodplain and upland forests in the Midwestern United States. We monitored 1735 nests of 27 species; 760 nests were in the uplands and 975 were in the floodplain. Each type of forest habitat (upland and floodplain) was a source habitat for some species. Despite a relatively low proportion of regional forest cover, the majority of species had stable or increasing populations in all or some habitats, including six species of conservation concern. In our search for a simple analog for lambda, we found that only adult apparent survival, juvenile survival, and annual productivity were correlated with lambda; daily nest survival and relative abundance estimated from point counts were not. Survival and annual productivity are among the most costly demographic parameters to measure and there does not seem to be a low-cost alternative. In addition, our literature search revealed that the demographic parameters needed to model annual productivity and lambda were unavailable for several species. More collective effort across North America is needed to fill the gaps in our knowledge of demographic parameters necessary to model both annual productivity and lambda. Managers can use habitat-specific predictions of annual productivity to compare habitat quality among species and habitats for purposes of evaluating management plans.","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[301:AAOBHQ]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Knutson, M.G., Powell, L., Hines, R.K., Friberg, M.A., and Niemi, G., 2006, An assessment of bird habitat quality using population growth rates: Condor, v. 108, no. 2, p. 301-314, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[301:AAOBHQ]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[301:aaobhq]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 42.19596877629178\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 42.19596877629178\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 42.19596877629178\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685732","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, L.A.","contributorId":51262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, R. K.","contributorId":27819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friberg, M. A.","contributorId":85931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Niemi, G.J.","contributorId":80234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niemi","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79555,"text":"sir20065224 - 2006 - The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI): 5-year report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T11:39:48","indexId":"sir20065224","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5224","title":"The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI): 5-year report","docAbstract":"The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) is an innovative, multidisciplinary program that began in 2000 in response to a congressional directive for the Department of the Interior to address the issue of amphibian declines in the United States. ARMI’s formulation was cross-disciplinary, integrating U.S. Geological Survey scientists from Biology, Water, and Geography to develop a course of action (Corn and others, 2005a). The result has been an effective program with diverse, yet complementary, expertise.
\nARMI’s approach to research and monitoring is multiscale. Detailed investigations focus on a few species at selected local sites throughout the country; monitoring addresses a larger number of species over broader areas (typically, National Parks and National Wildlife Refuges); and inventories to document species occurrence are conducted more extensively across the landscape. Where monitoring is conducted, the emphasis is on an ability to draw statistically defensible conclusions about the status of amphibians. To achieve this objective, ARMI has instituted a monitoring response variable that has nationwide applicability. At research sites, ARMI focuses on studying species/environment interactions, determining causes of observed declines, and developing new techniques to sample populations and analyze data. Results from activities at all scales are provided to scientists, land managers, and policymakers, as appropriate.
\nThe ARMI program and the scientists involved contribute significantly to understanding amphibian declines at local, regional, national, and international levels. Within National Parks and National Wildlife Refuges, findings help land managers make decisions applicable to amphibian conservation. For example, the National Park Service (NPS) selected amphibians as a vital sign for several of their monitoring networks, and ARMI scientists provide information and assistance in developing monitoring methods for this NPS effort. At the national level, ARMI has had major exposure at a variety of meetings, including a dedicated symposium at the 2004 joint meetings of the Herpetologists’ League, the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, and the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Several principal investigators have brought international exposure to ARMI through venues such as the World Congress of Herpetology in South Africa in 2005 (invited presentation by Dr. Gary Fellers), the Global Amphibian Summit, sponsored by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Wildlife Conservation International, in Washington, D.C., 2005 (invited participation by Dr. P.S. Corn), and a special issue of the international herpetological journal Alytes focused on ARMI in 2004 (edited by Dr. C.K. Dodd, Jr.).
\nARMI research and monitoring efforts have addressed at least 7 of the 21 Threatened and Endangered Species listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (California red-legged frog [Rana draytonii], Chiricahua leopard frog [R. chiricahuensis], arroyo toad [Bufo californicus], dusky gopher frog [Rana sevosa], mountain yellow-legged frog [R. muscosa], flatwoods salamander [Ambystoma cingulatum], and the golden coqui [Eleutherodactylus jasperi]), and 9 additional species of concern recognized by the IUCN. ARMI investigations have addressed time-sensitive research, such as emerging infectious diseases and effects on amphibians related to natural disasters like wildfire, hurricanes, and debris flows, and the effects of more constant, environmental change, like urban expansion, road development, and the use of pesticides.
\nOver the last 5 years, ARMI has partnered with an extensive list of government, academic, and private entities. These partnerships have been fruitful and have assisted ARMI in developing new field protocols and analytic tools, in using and refining emerging technologies to improve accuracy and efficiency of data handling, in conducting amphibian disease, malformation, and environmental effects research, and in implementing a network of monitoring and research sites. Accomplishments from these endeavors include more than 40 publications on amphibian status and trends, nearly 100 publications on amphibian ecology and causes of declines, and over 30 methodological publications. Several databases have emerged as a result of ARMI and its partnerships; one, a digital atlas of ranges for all U.S. amphibian species, was used by the IUCN to display amphibian distribution maps in the Global Amphibian Assessment Project.
\nGiven the scope of ARMI and the panoply of projects, findings have had implications for policy. Investigations that demonstrate amphibian declines or illuminate causes of declines provide valuable information about habitat management, environmental effects, mechanisms for the spread of disease, and human/amphibian interfaces. This information has been made available to land managers, scientists, educators, Congress and other policymakers, and the public. The support afforded ARMI by Congress has been influential in the program’s development and success. The value of ARMI’s efforts will continue to increase as we are able to extend our studies spatially and temporally to answer critical questions with more confidence. We are using ARMI’s resources efficiently and continuing to develop innovative mechanisms for leveraging resources for maximum effectiveness during challenging financial times.
\nThis report is a 5-year retrospective of the structure, methodology, progress, and contributions to the broader scientific community that have resulted from this national USGS program. We evaluate ARMI’s success to date, with regard to the challenges faced by the program and the strengths that have emerged. We chart objectives for the next 5 years that build on current accomplishments, highlight areas meriting further research, and direct efforts to overcome existing weaknesses.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065224","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., Gallant, A.L., Campbell Grant, E., Battaglin, W.A., Green, D.E., Staiger, J.S., Walls, S., Gunzburger, M.S., and Kearney, R.F., 2006, The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI): 5-year report: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5224, viii, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065224.","productDescription":"viii, 77 p.","numberOfPages":"87","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191954,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065224.PNG"},{"id":320233,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68344c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637 gallant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":2940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"gallant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":23233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Green, David E. 0000-0002-7663-1832 degreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-1832","contributorId":3715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"David","email":"degreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Staiger, Jennifer S. jstaiger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staiger","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstaiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gunzburger, Margaret S.","contributorId":43449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunzburger","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kearney, Rick F.","contributorId":72472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kearney","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":79398,"text":"ofr20061122 - 2006 - Alpine plant community trends on the elk summer range of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado: An analysis of existing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T15:12:16","indexId":"ofr20061122","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1122","title":"Alpine plant community trends on the elk summer range of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado: An analysis of existing data","docAbstract":"The majority of the elk (Cervus elaphus) population of Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado summer in the park’s high-elevation alpine and subalpine meadows and willow krummholz. The park’s population of white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucurus altipetens) depends on both dwarf and krummholz willows for food and cover. Concern about the effects of elk herbivory on these communities prompted the monitoring of 12 vegetation transects in these regions from 1971 to 1996. Over this 25-year period, data were collected on plant species cover and frequency and shrub heights. These data have not been statistically analyzed for trends in the measured variables over time to determine changes in species abundance. Krummholz willow species (Salix planifolia, S. brachycarpa) declined 17–20 percent in cover and about 25 centimeters in height over the study period. Graminoids (particularly Deschampsia caespitosa, Carex, and Poa) increased slightly from 1971 to 1996. No significant increases of nonnative plant species were observed. An increase in presence of bare ground over the 25-year period warrants continued measurement of these transects. Lack of good data on elk density, distribution, or use levels precludes correlating changes in plant species cover, frequency, or heights with elk population trends. I recommend development of a more rigorously designed monitoring program that includes these transects as well as others chosen on a random or stratified design and consistent measurement protocol and sampling intervals. Some method of quantifying elk use, either through measurement of plant utilization, pellet counts, or census-type surveys, would allow correlation of changes in plant species over time with changes in elk distribution and density on the park’s alpine and subalpine regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061122","usgsCitation":"Zeigenfuss, L., 2006, Alpine plant community trends on the elk summer range of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado: An analysis of existing data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1122, iii, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061122.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194539,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061122.PNG"},{"id":320229,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda 0000-0002-6700-8563 linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-8563","contributorId":2079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79396,"text":"ofr20061249 - 2006 - Assessment of factors limiting Klamath River fall Chinook salmon production potential using historical flows and temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T14:43:11","indexId":"ofr20061249","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1249","title":"Assessment of factors limiting Klamath River fall Chinook salmon production potential using historical flows and temperatures","docAbstract":"We parameterized and applied a deterministic salmon production model to infer the degree to which river flows and temperatures may limit freshwater production potential of the Klamath River in California. Specific parameter requirements, data sources, and significant assumptions are discussed in detail. Model simulations covered a wide variety of historical hydrologic and meteorologic conditions for 40+ years of environmental data.
\nThe model was calibrated only qualitatively, appearing to perform well in predicted outmigrant timing, but overestimating growth. Egg-to-outmigrant survival was near that reported for other rivers north of the Klamath River.
\nPredicted production potential appeared to be determined by multiple causes involving both regularly occurring habitat-related constraints and irregularly occurring exposure to high water temperatures. Simulated production was greatest in years of intermediate water availability and was constrained in both dry and wet years, but for different reasons. Reducing mortality associated with limitations to juvenile habitat, if possible, would be expected to have the highest payoff in increasing production. Water temperature was important in determining predicted production in some years but overall was not predicted to be as important as physical microhabitat. No single mortality cause acted as a true “bottleneck” on production.
\nModel uncertainty is addressed through a sensitivity analysis. Predicted habitat area may be a large source of model uncertainty and sensitivity, but collectively, model parameters associated with timing of events (for example spawning, fry emergence, and emigration) or related triggers control much of the model sensitivity.
\n\n
Though model uncertainty remains, one can begin to explore potential alternatives to reduce production limitations. Specific recommendations are made regarding future study and reducing uncertainty.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061249","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J.M., and Henriksen, J.A., 2006, Assessment of factors limiting Klamath River fall Chinook salmon production potential using historical flows and temperatures: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1249, viii, 111 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061249.","productDescription":"viii, 111 p.","numberOfPages":"119","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061249.PNG"},{"id":320228,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.03015136718749,\n 41.253032440653186\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -122.9644775390625,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -122.728271484375,\n 40.772221877329024\n ],\n [\n -122.3822021484375,\n 41.27367811566259\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 41.85728792769137\n ],\n [\n -121.1572265625,\n 43.40504748787035\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 43.41701888881103\n ],\n [\n -122.18994140624999,\n 42.91620643817353\n ],\n [\n -124.068603515625,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -124.03015136718749,\n 41.253032440653186\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db67201a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, John M.","contributorId":77598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henriksen, James A.","contributorId":89985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henriksen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79589,"text":"ofr20061318 - 2006 - Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T21:35:25.751519","indexId":"ofr20061318","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1318","title":"Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling","docAbstract":"Continual sediment accumulation in Capitol Lake since the damming of the Deschutes River in 1951 has altered the initial morphology of the basin. As part of the Deschutes River Estuary Feasibility Study (DEFS), the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was tasked to model how tidal and storm processes will influence the river, lake and lower Budd Inlet should estuary restoration occur. Understanding these mechanisms will assist in developing a scientifically sound assessment on the feasibility of restoring the estuary.
\nThe goals of the DEFS are as follows.
\n- Increase understanding of the estuary alternative to the same level as managing the lake environment.
\n- Determine the potential to create a viable, self sustaining estuary at Capitol Lake, given all the existing physical constraints and the urban setting.
\n- Create a net-benefit matrix which will allow a fair evaluation of overall benefits and costs of various alternative scenarios.
\n- Provide the completed study to the CLAMP Steering Committee so that a recommendation about a long-term aquatic environment of the basin can be made.
\nThe hydrodynamic and sediment transport modeling task developed a number of different model simulations using a process-based morphological model, Delft3D, to help address these goals. Modeling results provide a qualitative assessment of estuarine behavior both prior to dam construction and after various post-dam removal scenarios. Quantitative data from the model is used in the companion biological assessment and engineering design components of the overall study.
\nOverall, the modeling study found that after dam removal, tidal and estuarine processes are immediately restored, with marine water from Budd Inlet carried into North and Middle Basin on each rising tide and mud flats being exposed with each falling tide. Within the first year after dam removal, tidal processes, along with the occasional river floods, act to modify the estuary bed by redistributing sediment through erosion and deposition. The morphological response of the bed is rapid during the first couple of years, then slows as a dynamic equilibrium is reached within three to five years. By ten years after dam removal, the overall hydrodynamic and morphologic behavior of the estuary is similar to the pre-dam estuary, with the exception of South Basin, which has been permanently modified by human activities.
\nIn addition to a qualitative assessment of estuarine behavior, process-based modeling provides the ability address specific questions to help to inform decision-making. Considering that predicting future conditions of a complex estuarine environment is wrought with uncertainties, quantitative results in this report are often expressed in terms of ranges of possible outcomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061318","usgsCitation":"George, D.A., Gelfenbaum, G., Lesser, G., and Stevens, A., 2006, Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1318, Report: 222 p.; 2 Appendixes: 177 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061318.","productDescription":"Report: 222 p.; 2 Appendixes: 177 p.; Metadata","temporalStart":"2005-02-16","temporalEnd":"2005-02-17","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420428,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80585.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9208,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192369,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295746,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/CapitolLakeSeds.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295744,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/of2006-1318.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1318/of2006-1318_appendixes.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Deschutes Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0619\n ],\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0183\n ],\n [\n -122.8914,\n 47.0183\n ],\n [\n -122.8914,\n 47.0619\n ],\n [\n -122.9133,\n 47.0619\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dd64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Douglas A.","contributorId":60328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lesser, Giles","contributorId":88216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesser","given":"Giles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W.","contributorId":89093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79480,"text":"ofr20061077 - 2006 - High severity fire in forests of the southwest: Conservation implications. Progress Report August 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T15:24:36","indexId":"ofr20061077","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1077","title":"High severity fire in forests of the southwest: Conservation implications. Progress Report August 2005","docAbstract":"The occurrence of large, severe fires in southwestern ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests has resulted in concern that these forests may not persist under such an extreme disturbance regime. In our research, we are examining the outcomes of high-severity fire in ponderosa pine forests and their neighboring communities across an elevational gradient. One goal of our work is to contribute to understanding the resiliency of these systems, but we also want to investigate the conservation values intrinsic to the diverse communities that represent alternative successional trajectories after severe fire. One assumption of our research is that the spatial pattern of a disturbance becomes increasingly important when the disturbance is large and biological legacies are few and sparse. We ask, therefore, what spectrum of plant communities results from high severity fire, and what is their relationship to spatial patterns of severity mapped in early post fire timeframes? Also, do spatial patterns of older burns (1950–80) differ from recent burns (1998–present) in ways that make us expect successional changes years from now to differ from those we observed at our older burn field sites?
\nHere, we describe the first stages of our work in mapping burn severity at old and new burns as well as the work we have recently completed at our two field sites. The report is organized under our two main objectives with the purpose of summarizing the steps we have taken in working toward these objectives, as well as changes we have made in methodologies since the original study plan. We present some general observations and plans for the next steps in data analysis and product generation. This report, the study plan, a photograph gallery, slide presentations, and our contact information are available on the project Web site http://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/swfire/swfire.html .
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061077","usgsCitation":"Haire, S., 2006, High severity fire in forests of the southwest: Conservation implications. Progress Report August 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1077, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061077.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192622,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061077.PNG"},{"id":320225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6888f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haire, Sandra L.","contributorId":65556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haire","given":"Sandra L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79482,"text":"ofr20061267 - 2006 - 2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T14:15:45","indexId":"ofr20061267","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1267","title":"2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands","docAbstract":"In 2000 the U.S. Congress authorized the expansion of the former Great Sand Dunes National Monument by establishing a new Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in its place, and establishing the Baca National Wildlife Refuge. The establishment of Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the new Baca National Wildlife Refuge in the San Luis Valley (SLV), Colorado was one of the most significant land conservation actions in the western U.S. in recent years. The action was a result of cooperation between the National Park Service (NPS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Forest Service (USDA-FS), and The Nature Conservancy (TNC). The new national park, when fully implemented, will consist of 107,265 acres, the new national preserve 41,872 acres, and the new national wildlife refuge (USFWS lands) 92,180 acres (fig. 1). The area encompassed by this designation protects a number of natural wonders and features including a unique ecosystem of natural sand dunes, the entire watershed of surface and groundwaters that are necessary to preserve and recharge the dunes and adjacent wetlands, a unique stunted forest, and other valuable riparian vegetation communities that support a host of associated wildlife and bird species.
\nWhen the National Park was initially established, there were concerns about overconcentrations and impacts on native plant communities of the unhunted segments of a large and possibly growing elk (Cervus elaphus) population. This led to the designation of the Preserve as a compromise solution, where the elk could be harvested. The Preserve Unit, however, will not address all the ungulate management challenges. In order to reduce the current elk population, harvests of elk may need to be aggressive. But aggressive special hunts of elk to achieve population reductions can result in elk avoidance of certain areas or elk seeking refuge in areas where they cannot be hunted, while removals of whole herd segments and abandonment or alterations of migration routes can occur (Smith and Robbins, 1994; Boyce and others, 1991). Elk may seek refuge from hunting in the newly expanded Park Unit and TNC lands where they might overconcentrate and impact unique vegetation communities. In these sites of refugia, or preferred loafing sites, elk and bison could accelerate a decline in woody riparian shrubs and trees. This decline may also be due to changes in hydrology, climatic, or dunal processes, but ungulate herbivory might exacerbate the effects of those processes.
\nTo address the questions and needs of local resource managers, a multi-agency research project was initiated in 2005 to study the ecology, forage relations, and habitat relations of elk and bison in the Great Sand Dunes–Sangre de Cristo–Baca complex of lands. Meetings and discussions of what this research should include were started in 2001 with representatives from NPS, USFWS, TNC, the Colorado Division of Wildlife (CDOW), and USDA-FS/BLM. The final study plan was successfully funded in 2004 with research scheduled to start in 2005. The research was designed to encompass three major study elements: (1) animal movements and population dynamics, (2) vegetation and nutrient effects from ungulate herbivory, and (3) development of ecological models, using empirical data collected from the first two components, that will include estimates of elk carrying capacity and management scenarios for resource managers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061267","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K.A., Lubow, B., Zeigenfuss, L., and Mao, J., 2006, 2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1267, viii, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061267.","productDescription":"viii, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061267.PNG"},{"id":320220,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Baca National Wildlife Refuge, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.54893261064109\n ],\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.913867495923746\n ],\n [\n -105.49072265625,\n 37.913867495923746\n ],\n [\n -105.49072265625,\n 37.54893261064109\n ],\n [\n -105.86975097656249,\n 37.54893261064109\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491fe4b0b290850eee8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kate A.","contributorId":64343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lubow, Bruce C.","contributorId":59520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubow","given":"Bruce C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda 0000-0002-6700-8563 linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-8563","contributorId":2079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mao, Julie","contributorId":74460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mao","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046619,"text":"70046619 - 2006 - Vulnerability of shallow groundwater and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T16:33:21","indexId":"70046619","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability of shallow groundwater and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States","docAbstract":"Two nonlinear models were developed at the national scale to (1) predict contamination of shallow ground water (typically < 5 m deep) by nitrate from nonpoint sources and (2) to predict ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. The new models have several advantages over previous national-scale approaches. First, they predict nitrate concentration (rather than probability of occurrence), which can be directly compared with water-quality criteria. Second, the models share a mechanistic structure that segregates nitrogen (N) sources and physical factors that enhance or restrict nitrate transport and accumulation in ground water. Finally, data were spatially averaged to minimize small-scale variability so that the large-scale influences of N loading, climate, and aquifer characteristics could more readily be identified. Results indicate that areas with high N application, high water input, well-drained soils, fractured rocks or those with high effective porosity, and lack of attenuation processes have the highest predicted nitrate concentration. The shallow groundwater model (mean square error or MSE = 2.96) yielded a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.801, indicating that much of the variation in nitrate concentration is explained by the model. Moderate to severe nitrate contamination is predicted to occur in the High Plains, northern Midwest, and selected other areas. The drinking-water model performed comparably (MSE = 2.00, R2 = 0.767) and predicts that the number of users on private wells and residing in moderately contaminated areas (>5 to ≤10 mg/L nitrate) decreases by 12% when simulation depth increases from 10 to 50 m.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es060911u","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow groundwater and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 24, p. 7834-7840, https://doi.org/10.1021/es060911u.","productDescription":"7 p.; Metadata","startPage":"7834","endPage":"7840","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273792,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_ffer.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for farm fertilizer (gwava-s_ffer)"},{"id":273791,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_ddit.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for drainage ditch (gwava-s_ddit)"},{"id":273790,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_crpa.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for cropland/pasture/fallow (gwava-s_crpa)"},{"id":273789,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_crox.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for carbonate rocks (gwava-s_crox)"},{"id":273788,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_conf.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for confined manure (gwava-s_conf)"},{"id":273785,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_twre.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for irrigation tailwater recovery (gwava-dw_twre)"},{"id":273784,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_swus.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for fresh surface water withdrawal (gwava-dw_swus)"},{"id":273783,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_sscb.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for sandstone and carbonate rocks (gwava-dw_sscb)"},{"id":273782,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_semc.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for semiconsolidated sand aquifers (gwava-dw_semc)"},{"id":273773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273796,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_out.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Model output data set (gwava-s_out)"},{"id":273797,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_popd.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for population density (gwava-s_popd)"},{"id":273798,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_slop.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for slope (gwava-s_slop)"},{"id":273799,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_swus.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for fresh surface water withdrawal (gwava-s_swus)"},{"id":273786,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_wtin.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for water input (gwava-dw_wtin)"},{"id":273787,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_clay.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for clay sediment (gwava-s_clay)"},{"id":273800,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_twre.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for irrigation tailwater recovery (gwava-s_twre)"},{"id":273801,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_vrox.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for basalt and volcanic rocks (gwava-s_vrox)"},{"id":273802,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_wetl.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for wetlands 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(gwava-dw_ffer)"},{"id":273777,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_gtil.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for glacial till (gwava-dw_gtil)"},{"id":273778,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_hor.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for Hortonian overland flow (gwava-dw_hor)"},{"id":273774,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_ddit.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for drainageditch (gwava-dw_ddit)"},{"id":273775,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_dun.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for Dunne overland flow (gwava-dw_dun)"},{"id":273779,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_orvi.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for orchards/vineyards (gwava-dw_orvi)"},{"id":273780,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_out.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Model output data set (gwava-dw_out)"},{"id":273781,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-dw_popd.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in U.S. ground water used for drinking (simulation depth 50 meters) -- Input data set for population density (gwava-dw_popd)"},{"id":273795,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_orvi.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for orchards/vineyards (gwava-s_orvi)"},{"id":273793,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_gtil.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for glacial till (gwava-s_gtil)"},{"id":273794,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gwava-s_hist.xml","linkHelpText":"Model of predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water -- Input data set for histosols (gwava-s_hist)"}],"country":"United States","volume":"40","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c02ff9e4b0ee1529ed3d83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hitt, Kerie J.","contributorId":54565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Kerie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045419,"text":"70045419 - 2006 - Michigan Water Year 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T10:51:50","indexId":"70045419","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":389,"text":"Water Resources Data","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"MI-05-1","title":"Michigan Water Year 2005","docAbstract":"This volume of the annual hydrologic data report of Michigan is one of a series of annual reports that document hydrologic data gathered from the U.S. Geological Survey's surface- and ground-water data-collection networks in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Trust Territories. These records of streamflow, ground-water levels, and quality of water provide the hydrologic information needed by State, local, and Federal agencies, and the private sector for developing and managing our Nation's land and water resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/70045419","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Michigan and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Blumer, S.P., Whited, C., Ellis, J., Minnerick, R., and LeuVoy, R., 2006, Michigan Water Year 2005: Water Resources Data MI-05-1, xviii, 554 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70045419.","productDescription":"xviii, 554 p.","numberOfPages":"594","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270942,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045417/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272727,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045417/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.516667,41.683333 ], [ -90.516667,48.250000 ], [ -82.433333,48.250000 ], [ -82.433333,41.683333 ], [ -90.516667,41.683333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516d216ce4b0411d430a8a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blumer, S. P.","contributorId":23938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whited, C.R.","contributorId":49387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whited","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, J.M.","contributorId":29502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minnerick, R. J.","contributorId":52255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minnerick","given":"R. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeuVoy, R.L.","contributorId":56706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeuVoy","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70171132,"text":"70171132 - 2006 - An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T14:33:44","indexId":"70171132","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Salmonid whirling disease, caused by the myxosporean parasite Myxobolus cerebralis, was first observed in the United States in 1956 in central Pennsylvania. The parasite was subsequently discovered at several culture facilities throughout the state, and widespread distribution of this parasite via the stocking of subclinically infected brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and brown trout Salmo trutta has been assumed. Although no monitoring of wild populations occurred until the late 1970s, it is a common belief that epizootics of whirling disease, now realized in the Intermountain West, are unlikely to have occurred in Pennsylvania. We conducted a review of historical information and a synoptic survey aimed at identifying factors that may prevent whirling disease outbreak in this region, reasoning that such information might be useful in identifying management strategies for populations affected by this parasite. Here we present data on parasite prevalence, fish populations, stream attributes, and the genetics of Tubifex tubifex (the obligate oligochaete host for the parasite) to evaluate various hypotheses proposed for low whirling disease impact in the region. We did not find clear associations between factors such as stream gradient, the genetics of T. tubifexpopulations, or the composition of resident trout populations and the pattern of M. cerebralis occurrence in Pennsylvania. We suggest that this pattern may be best explained by the association between T. tubifex host populations and point sources of organic enrichment. The potential restriction of T. tubifex populations to locations near sources of organic enrichment may be a factor in explaining why whirling disease has not been observed to cause population declines among wild trout in this region and should be further investigated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/H05-017.1","usgsCitation":"Kaeser, A.J., Rasmussen, C., and Sharpe, W.E., 2006, An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 18, no. 2, p. 90-100, https://doi.org/10.1577/H05-017.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d643ce4b07e28b66834b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaeser, Adam J.","contributorId":169552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaeser","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Charlotte crasmussen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Charlotte","email":"crasmussen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharpe, William E.","contributorId":169553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharpe","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175551,"text":"70175551 - 2006 - Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows Artamus spp. of inland Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:58:00","indexId":"70175551","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows Artamus spp. of inland Australia","docAbstract":"The white-browed woodswallow Artamus superciliosus and masked woodswallow A. personatus(Passeriformes: Artamidae) are members of Australia's diverse arid- and semi-arid zone avifauna. Widely sympatric and among Australia's relatively few obligate long-distance temperate-tropical migrants, the two are well differentiated morphologically but not ecologically and vocally. They are pair breeders unlike other Artamus species, which are at least facultative cooperative breeders. For these reasons they are an excellent case in which to use molecular data in integrative study of their evolution from ecological and biogeographical perspectives. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to test whether they are each other's closest relatives, whether they evolved migration independently, whether they have molecular signatures of population expansions like some other Australian arid zone birds, and to estimate the timing of any inferred population expansions. Their mtDNAs are monophyletic with respect to other species of Artamusbut polyphyletic with respect to each other. The two species appear not to have evolved migration independently of each other but their morphological and mtDNA evolution have been strongly decoupled. Some level of hybridization and introgression cannot be dismissed outright as being involved in their mtDNA polyphyly but incomplete sorting of their most recent common ancestor's mtDNA is a simpler explanation consistent with their ecology. Bayesian phylogenetic inference and analyses of diversity within the two species (n=77) with conventional diversity statistics, statistical parsimony, and tests for population expansion vs stability (Tajima's D, Fu's Fsand Ramos-Onsin and Rozas's R2) all favour recent population increases. However, a non-starlike network suggests expansion(s) relatively early in the Pleistocene. Repeated population bottlenecks corresponding with multiple peaks of Pleistocene aridity could explain our findings, which add a new dimension to accruing data on the effects of Pleistocene aridity on the Australian biota.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03767.x","usgsCitation":"Joseph, L., Wilke, T., Ten Have, J., and Chesser, R., 2006, Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows Artamus spp. of inland Australia: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 37, no. 6, p. 625-636, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03767.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"636","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b43952e4b03bcb01039ffe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joseph, Leo","contributorId":173726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joseph","given":"Leo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilke, Thomas","contributorId":173727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilke","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ten Have, Jose","contributorId":173728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ten Have","given":"Jose","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chesser, R. Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R. Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171293,"text":"70171293 - 2006 - A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:18:26","indexId":"70171293","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"48","subseriesTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposia","title":"A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York","docAbstract":"We describe a methodology for developing species-habitat models using available fish and stream habitat data from New York State, focusing on the Genesee basin. Electrofishing data from the New York Department of Environmental Conservation were standardized and used for model development and testing. Four types of predictive models (multiple linear regression, stepwise multiple linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, and neural network) were developed and compared for 11 fish species. Predictive models used as many as 25 habitat variables and explained 35-91% of observed species abundance variability. Omission rates were generally low, but commission rates varied widely. Neural network models performed best for all species, except for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum, and brown trout Salmo trutta. Linear discriminant functions generally performed poorly. The species-environment models we constructed performed well and have potential applications to management issues.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., McDonald, R.R., Castiglione, C., Morrison, S.S., Kowalski, K., and Passino, D.R., 2006, A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York, chap. of Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 533-554.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"554","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2ae4b07e28b664db75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castiglione, Chris","contributorId":150899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castiglione","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Sandy S.","contributorId":169644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Sandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Passino, Dora R. May","contributorId":23877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R. May","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028048,"text":"70028048 - 2006 - Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028048","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003","docAbstract":"We analyzed demographic data from northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) from 14 study areas in Washington, Oregon, and California for 1985-2003. The purpose of our analyses was to provide an assessment of the status and trends of northern spotted owl populations throughout most of their geographic range. The 14 study areas made up approximately 12% of the range of the subspecies and included federal, tribal, private, and mixed federal and private lands. The study areas also included all the major forest types that the subspecies inhabits. The analyses followed rigorous protocols that were developed a priori and were the result of extensive discussions and consensus among the authors. Our primary objectives were to estimate fecundity, apparent survival (??), and annual rate of population change (??) and to determine if there were any temporal trends in these population parameters. In addition to analyses of data from individual study areas, we conducted 2 meta-analyses on each demographic parameter. One meta-analysis was conducted on all 14 areas, and the other was restricted to the 8 areas that constituted the Effectiveness Monitoring Plan for northern spotted owls under the Northwest Forest Plan. The average number of years of reproductive data per study area was 14 (range = 5-19), and the average number of recapture occasions per study area was 13 (range = 4-18). Only 1 study area had <12 years of data. Our results were based on 32,054 captures and resightings of 11,432 banded individuals for estimation of survival and 10,902 instances in which we documented the number of young produced by territorial females. The number of young fledged (NYF) per territorial female was analyzed by testing a suite of a priori models that included (1) effects of age, (2) linear or quadratic time trends, (3) presence of barred owls (Strix varia) in spotted owl territories, and (4) an even-odd year effect. The NYF varied among years on most study areas with a biennial cycle of high reproduction in even-numbered years and low reproduction in odd-numbered years. These cyclic fluctuations did not occur on all study areas, and the even-odd year effect waned during the last 5 years of the study. Fecundity was highest for adults (x??=0.372, SE=0.029), lower for 2-year-olds (x??=0.208, SE=0.032), and very low for 1-year-olds (x??=0.074, SE = 0.029). Fecundity was stable over time for 6 areas (Rainier, Olympic, Warm Springs, H. J. Andrews, Klamath, and Marin), declining for 6 areas (Wenatchee, Cle Elum, Oregon Coast Range, Southern Oregon Cascades, Northwest California, and Simpson), and slightly increasing for 2 areas (Tyee, Hoopa). We found little association between NYF and the proportion of northern spotted owl territories where barred owls were detected, although results were suggestive of a negative effect of barred owls on the Wenatchee and Olympic study areas. The meta-analysis on fecundity indicated substantial annual variability with no increasing or decreasing trends. Fecundity was highest in the mixed-conifer region of eastern Washington (x??=0.560, SE=0.041) and lowest in the Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) region of the Oregon coast (x??=0.306, SE=0.039). We used Cormack-Jolly-Seber open population models and Program MARK to estimate apparent survival rates of owls >1 year old. We found no differences in apparent survival rates between sexes except for 1 area (Marin), which had only 6 years of data. Estimates of apparent survival from individual study areas indicated that there were differences among age classes with adults generally having higher survival than 1- and 2-year-olds. Apparent survival rates ranged from 0.750 (SE=0.026) to 0.886 (SE=0.010) for adults, 0.626 (SE=0.073) to 0.886 (SE=0.010) for 2-year-olds, and 0.415 (SE=0.111) to 0.860 (SE=0.017) for 1-year-olds. These estimates were comparable to survival rates from previous studies on the subspecies. We found evidence for negative time trends in survival rate","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00840173","usgsCitation":"Anthony, R., Forsman, E., Franklin, A., Anderson, D., Burnham, K., White, G.C., Schwarz, C., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Olson, G., Ackers, S., Andrews, L., Biswell, B., Carlson, P., Diller, L., Dugger, K., Fehring, K., Fleming, T., Gerhardt, R., Gremel, S., Gutierrez, R.J., Happe, P., Herter, D., Higley, J., Horn, R., Irwin, L., Loschl, P., Reid, J., and Sovern, S., 2006, Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003: Wildlife Monographs, no. 163, p. 1-48.","startPage":"1","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"163","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9795e4b08c986b31bb4b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Krausman, P.R.","contributorId":35525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krausman","given":"P.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508910,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Anthony, R.G.","contributorId":107641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franklin, A.B.","contributorId":105667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwarz, C.J.","contributorId":102680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research 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K.E.","contributorId":62010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fehring","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fleming, T.L.","contributorId":107008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Gerhardt, R.P.","contributorId":54394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhardt","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Gremel, S.A.","contributorId":104272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gremel","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Gutierrez, R. J.","contributorId":7647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Happe, P.J.","contributorId":20109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Happe","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Herter, D.R.","contributorId":101863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herter","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Higley, J.M.","contributorId":102681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higley","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Horn, R.B.","contributorId":68526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horn","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Irwin, L.L.","contributorId":72579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Loschl, P.J.","contributorId":96045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loschl","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Reid, J.A.","contributorId":90907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Sovern, S.G.","contributorId":21725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovern","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}} ,{"id":70171292,"text":"70171292 - 2006 - Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:19:04","indexId":"70171292","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"48","subseriesTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposia","title":"Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","docAbstract":"As a part of the Great Lakes Regional Aquatic Gap Analysis Project, we evaluated methodologies for modeling associations between fish species and habitat characteristics at a landscape scale. To do this, we created brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis presence and absence models based on four different techniques: multiple linear regression, logistic regression, neural networks, and classification trees. The models were tested in two ways: by application to an independent validation database and cross-validation using the training data, and by visual comparison of statewide distribution maps with historically recorded occurrences from the Michigan Fish Atlas. Although differences in the accuracy of our models were slight, the logistic regression model predicted with the least error, followed by multiple regression, then classification trees, then the neural networks. These models will provide natural resource managers a way to identify habitats requiring protection for the conservation of fish species.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Steen, P.J., Passino-Reader, D.R., and Wiley, M., 2006, Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods, chap. of Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 513-531.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321743,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e38e4b07e28b664dbdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steen, Paul J.","contributorId":12342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Passino-Reader, Dora R.","contributorId":50839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino-Reader","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiley, Michael J.","contributorId":30112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180913,"text":"70180913 - 2006 - Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:48:37","indexId":"70180913","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring","docAbstract":"By 1973, radio telemetry was regarded as an important potential tool for studying the elusive, nocturnal, and semifossorial black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), but fears of using invasive techniques on this highly endangered mammal caused delays. We began radio collaring ferrets in 1981. Use of radio telemetry on ferrets proved to be both challenging and rewarding. We document two decades of development and use that led to the present radio-tagging techniques and methods for radio tracking. The 7-g radio collar commonly used after 1992 was smaller and lighter, relative to mass and size of subjects, than collars used in studies of other Mustela. Other important developments were a Teflon® coating to shed mud, a highly flexible stainless steel cable for whip antennas, and a nondurable wool collar. Although collar-caused neck abrasions have continued to occur sporadically, a retrospective assessment of minimum survival rates for 724 reintroduced ferrets (392 radio tagged), using data from spotlight surveys, failed to detect negative effects of radio-collars. In a South Dakota study, ferrets that were found to have hair loss or neck abrasions when collars were removed did not exhibit movements significantly different from those of radio-tagged ferrets with no evidence of neck problems. Prototype transmitters designed for surgical implantation had insufficient power output for effective use on ferrets. Early attempts at tracking radio-tagged ferrets by following the signal on foot quickly gave way to following movements by triangulation, which does not disturb the subjects. The most effective tracking stations were camper trailers fitted with rotatable, 11-element, dual-beam Yagi antennas on 6-m masts. We used radio telemetry to produce 83,275 lines of data (44,191 indications of status and 39,084 positional fixes via triangulation) for 340 radio-collared ferrets during the reintroduction program. Tracking by hand and from aircraft augmented triangulation, allowing us to locate animals that dispersed long distances and enabling us to determine causes of mortality. Justifying further use of radio telemetry on black-footed ferrets requires careful consideration of costs and benefits.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Miller, B.J., and Hanebury, L., 2006, Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring, in Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 175-190.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334904,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=186","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d253","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Brian J.","contributorId":67816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanebury, Louis R.","contributorId":105580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanebury","given":"Louis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170962,"text":"70170962 - 2006 - Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T16:29:43","indexId":"70170962","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","docAbstract":"Interaction Assessment (INTASS) is a field and analytic methodology for constructing population dynamics models. Because data collected in generating a model for one species comprise much of the information needed for other species, a small increase in effort can result in simultaneous expressions for the dynamics of multiple species. These expressions can be used to simulate whole community responses to environmental change, including management actions. Since publication of the most recent paper in this series, the INTASS methodology has undergone a large number of developments. These include the use of conceptual models to direct field and modeling efforts and incorporation of an information theoretic approach to model selection. We review these modifications and additions, applying them to a population of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoilius hemionis) in Alaska and to cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) at the Desert Experimental Range in Utah. In both cases, useful information about the species’ ecology and population trends was ascertained. INTASS is portable across a wide range of taxa, habitats and management situations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012","usgsCitation":"Emlen, J.M., Duda, J.J., Kirchhoff, M.D., and Freeman, D.C., 2006, Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data: Ecological Modelling, v. 192, no. 3-4, p. 557-570, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"570","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5735a93de4b0dae0d5df512d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirchhoff, Matt D.","contributorId":169302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirchhoff","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, D. Carl","contributorId":31599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175722,"text":"70175722 - 2006 - Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T14:38:35","indexId":"70175722","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes","docAbstract":"We evaluated light-based geolocation estimates from pop-up satellite tags in high latitudes because some of the largest fisheries in the world are in areas where this technique has not been assessed. Daily longitude and latitude were estimated by using two Wildlife Computers software programs: 1) Argos Message Processor (AMP), which summarizes light intensity data transmitted to satellites, and 2) Time Series Processor (TSP), which uses more detailed data obtained from retrieved tags. Three experiments were conducted in the northern Gulf of Alaska using tags placed on 1) Pacific halibut in outdoor aquaria, 2) a fixed mooring line at various depths and 3) wild Pacific halibut. TSP performed better than AMP because the percentage of days with geolocation estimates was greater and the mean error magnitude and bias were smaller for TSP and increased with depth for both programs; however, latitude errors were much greater than longitude errors at all depths. Light-based geolocation enabled us to discern basin-scale movements and showed that the Pacific halibut in our study remained within the Gulf of Alaska. We conclude that this technique provides a feasible method for inferring large-scale population structure for demersal fishes in high latitudes.
","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","issn":"0090-0656","usgsCitation":"Seitz, A.C., Norcross, B.L., Wilson, D., and Nielsen, J.L., 2006, Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes: Fishery Bulletin, v. 104, no. 4, p. 571-578.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"578","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1044/1044toc.htm","text":"Fishery Bulletin: Volume 104, Issue 4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc5ae4b03fd6b7d94c3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitz, Andrew C.","contributorId":156324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norcross, Brenda L.","contributorId":21497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norcross","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Derek","contributorId":178950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":646190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180912,"text":"70180912 - 2006 - Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:43:10","indexId":"70180912","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"A successful captive breeding program for highly endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) has resulted in surplus animals that have been released at multiple sites since 1991. Because reproductive output of captive ferrets declines after several years, many adult ferrets must be removed from captive breeding facilities annually to keep total production high. Adults are routinely released, with young-of-the-year, on prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colonies. We evaluated postrelease movements and survival rates for 94 radio-tagged young and adult ferrets. Radio-tagged adult ferrets made longer movements than young ferrets during the night of release and had significantly lower survival rates for the first 14 days. Coyotes (Canis latrans) caused the largest number of ferret losses. A larger data set of 623 ferrets represented adults and young that were individually marked with passive integrated transponders but were not radio tagged. Minimum survival rates, calculated primarily from ferrets detected during spotlight searches and identified with tag readers, again were significantly lower for adults than for young ferrets at 30 days postrelease (10.1 percent and 45.5 percent survival, respectively) and at 150 days postrelease (5.7 percent and 25.9 percent). Assessment of known survival time by using linear modeling demonstrated a significant interaction between age and sex, with greater disparity between adults and kits for females than for males. Postrelease survival of adult ferrets might be increased if animals were given earlier and longer exposure to the quasinatural environments of preconditioning pens.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Livieri, T., Matchett, M.R., and Bibles, B.D., 2006, Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets, in Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 191-200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"200","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=202","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bibles, Brent D.","contributorId":77720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibles","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180911,"text":"70180911 - 2006 - Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:26:40","indexId":"70180911","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards","docAbstract":"Although the monitoring of black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) populations following reintroductions has not been haphazard, several ferret recovery groups since 1994 have recommended development of uniform standards prescribing minimum methods, intensities, and frequencies of monitoring that would provide data on population size, mortality rates, and recruitment. Such standards would promote comparability of data among sites, document expectations for those who will attempt to establish new populations, and allow the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other responsible groups to better assess progress made toward achieving recovery objectives. Our recommendations are based on methods that have been successfully used to monitor natural and reintroduced populations of ferrets and are an attempt to balance needs and costs. We suggest a combination of marking ferrets with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and annual spotlight searches coupled with automated transponder readers to individually identify survivors. Unmarked ferrets should be captured and implanted with PIT tags whenever possible. These and other methods are detailed. Circumstances that may dictate other methods or more intensive monitoring (e.g., high rates of loss or low recruitment) also are discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Matchett, M.R., Hanebury, L., Livieri, T., and Marinari, P., 2006, Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards, in Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 155-167.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"167","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334898,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=166","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanebury, Louis R.","contributorId":105580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanebury","given":"Louis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marinari, Paul E.","contributorId":90940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinari","given":"Paul E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70180909,"text":"70180909 - 2006 - Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:06:12","indexId":"70180909","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"We used radio-telemetry data (28,560 positional fixes) collected on 153 black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) to (1) reexamine the assumed obligate relationship of these ferrets to prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), (2) investigate habitat preferences of ferrets at a small scale (1 year (P = 0.048). Also, preference was stronger for wild-born young ferrets than for young captive-born ferrets released to augment the wild population (P = 0.040). This additional evidence for competition among ferrets, and for an advantage of prior residency, raises conservation concerns. The energetics-based model commonly used to predict ferret densities at reintroduction sites does not consider competition, which likely leads to overestimation of the densities of ferrets attainable in high-quality habitat. During sequential releases of ferrets, prior residency may handicap success of newcomers, even though the latter may have higher potential fitness. Although the manner of initial colonization of available habitat by blackfooted ferrets, and their subsequent competition for it, was suggestive of an ideal despotic distribution, we did not assess effects of prey density or burrow density on fitness.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Matchett, M.R., and Livieri, T., 2006, Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets, in Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 129-140.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"140","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=140","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d25b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180908,"text":"70180908 - 2006 - Evaluating habitat for black-footed ferrets: Revision of an existing model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:00:59","indexId":"70180908","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluating habitat for black-footed ferrets: Revision of an existing model","docAbstract":"Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) are highly dependent on prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) as prey, and prairie dog colonies are the only known habitats that sustain black-footed ferret populations. An existing model used extensively for evaluating black-footed ferret reintroduction habitat defined complexes by interconnecting colonies with 7-km line segments. Although the 7-km complex remains a useful construct, we propose additional, smaller-scale evaluations that consider 1.5-km subcomplexes. The original model estimated the carrying capacity of complexes based on energy requirements of ferrets and density estimates of their prairie dog prey. Recent data have supported earlier contentions of intraspecific competition and intrasexual territorial behavior in ferrets. We suggest a revised model that retains the fixed linear relationship of the existing model when prairie dog densities are <18/ha and uses a curvilinear relationship that reflects increasing effects of ferret territoriality when there are 18–42 prairie dogs per hectare. We discuss possible effects of colony size and shape, interacting with territoriality, as justification for the exclusion of territorial influences if a prairie dog colony supports only a single female ferret. We also present data to support continued use of active prairie dog burrow densities as indices suitable for broad-scale estimates of prairie dog density. Calculation of percent of complexes that are occupied by prairie dog colonies was recommended as part of the original habitat evaluation process. That attribute has been largely ignored, resulting in rating anomalies.
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We use new data sources, enhanced spatial resolution, and new analytical approaches to provide new estimates of the global abundance of surface-water bodies. A global model based on the Pareto distribution shows that the global extent of natural lakes is twice as large as previously known (304 million lakes; 4.2 million km 2 in area) and is dominated in area by millions of water bodies smaller than 1 km2. Similar analyses of impoundments based on inventories of large, engineered dams show that impounded waters cover approximately 0.26 million km2. However, construction of low-tech farm impoundments is estimated to be between 0.1 % and 6% of farm area worldwide, dependent upon precipitation, and represents >77,000 km 2 globally, at present. Overall, about 4.6 million km2 of the earth's continental \"land\" surface (>3%) is covered by water. These analyses underscore the importance of explicitly considering lakes, ponds, and impoundments, especially small ones, in global analyses of rates and processes. ?? 2006, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4319/lo.2006.51.5.2388","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Downing, J.A., Prairie, Y., Cole, J.J., Duarte, C., Tranvik, L., Striegl, R.G., McDowell, W.H., Kortelainen, P., Caraco, N., Melack, J., and Middelburg, J.J., 2006, The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 51, no. 5, p. 2388-2397, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.5.2388.","startPage":"2388","endPage":"2397","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265989,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.5.2388"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac89e4b08c986b323570","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downing, J. 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