{"pageNumber":"921","pageRowStart":"23000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70033370,"text":"70033370 - 2008 - A characterization of non-biotic environmental features of prairies hosting the Dakota Skipper (Hesperia dacotae, Hesperiidae) across its remaining U.S. range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:30:54","indexId":"70033370","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2557,"text":"Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A characterization of non-biotic environmental features of prairies hosting the Dakota Skipper (Hesperia dacotae, Hesperiidae) across its remaining U.S. range","docAbstract":"Within the United States, the Dakota Skipper now occurs only in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. In these states it has been associated with margins of glacial lakes and calcareous mesic prairies that host warm-season native grasses. Preliminary geographic information system (GIS) analysis in North Dakota has indicated a close congruency between historic distribution of the Dakota Skipper and that of specific near-shore glacial lake features and related soil associations. This study analyzed humidity-related non-biotic microhabitat characteristics within three remaining occupied Dakota Skipper sites in each state during the larval growth period in 2000. Measured parameters included topographic relief, soil compaction, soil pH, moisture, and temperature at various depths, soil bulk density, soil texture, and temperature and humidity within the larval nest zone. Results of these efforts reveal two distinctive habitat substrates, one of relatively low surface relief with dense but relatively less compact soils, and another of relatively high relief with less dense but more compact soils. In the low-relief habitat, grazing appears to compact soils unfavorably in otherwise similar prairies in the more xeric western portion of the range, potentially by affecting ground-water buffering of larval nest zone humidity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00240966","usgsCitation":"Royer, R., McKenney, R., and Newton, W., 2008, A characterization of non-biotic environmental features of prairies hosting the Dakota Skipper (Hesperia dacotae, Hesperiidae) across its remaining U.S. range: Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, v. 62, no. 1, p. 1-17.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e33fe4b0c8380cd45ede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royer, R.A.","contributorId":99500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenney, R.A.","contributorId":57885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenney","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, W.E.","contributorId":13567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031847,"text":"70031847 - 2008 - Planning riparian restoration in the context of tamarix control in Western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031847","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Planning riparian restoration in the context of tamarix control in Western North America","docAbstract":"Throughout the world, the condition of many riparian ecosystems has declined due to numerous factors, including encroachment of non-native species. In the western United States, millions of dollars are spent annually to control invasions of Tamarix spp., introduced small trees or shrubs from Eurasia that have colonized bottomland ecosystems along many rivers. Resource managers seek to control Tamarix in attempts to meet various objectives, such as increasing water yield and improving wildlife habitat. Often, riparian restoration is an implicit goal, but there has been little emphasis on a process or principles to effectively plan restoration activities, and many Tamarix removal projects are unsuccessful at restoring native vegetation. We propose and summarize the key steps in a planning process aimed at developing effective restoration projects in Tamarix-dominated areas. We discuss in greater detail the biotic and abiotic factors central to the evaluation of potential restoration sites and summarize information about plant communities likely to replace Tamarix under various conditions. Although many projects begin with implementation, which includes the actual removal of Tamarix, we stress the importance of pre-project planning that includes: (1) clearly identifying project goals; (2) developing realistic project objectives based on a detailed evaluation of site conditions; (3) prioritizing and selecting Tamarix control sites with the best chance of ecological recovery; and (4) developing a detailed tactical plan before Tamarix is removed. After removal, monitoring and maintenance as part of an adaptive management approach are crucial for evaluating project success and determining the most effective methods for restoring these challenging sites. ?? 2008 Society for Ecological Restoration International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Restoration Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00360.x","issn":"10612971","usgsCitation":"Shafroth, P., Beauchamp, V., Briggs, M., Lair, K., Scott, M.L., and Sher, A., 2008, Planning riparian restoration in the context of tamarix control in Western North America: Restoration Ecology, v. 16, no. 1, p. 97-112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00360.x.","startPage":"97","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214703,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00360.x"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7be2e4b0c8380cd79695","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, Vanessa B.","contributorId":76544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"Vanessa B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, M.K.","contributorId":52914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lair, K.","contributorId":80915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lair","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":75090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sher, A.A.","contributorId":107952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sher","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033490,"text":"70033490 - 2008 - Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033490","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes","docAbstract":"Relations between tissue trace element concentrations and species traits were examined for 45 fish species to determine the extent to which trait-based characteristics accounted for relative differences among species in trace element bioaccumulation. Percentages of fish species correctly classified by discriminant analysis according to traits predicted by tissue trace element concentrations ranged from 72% to 87%. Tissue concentrations of copper, mercury, selenium, and zinc appeared to have the greatest overall influence on differentiating species according to trait characteristics. Discrimination of trait characteristics did not appear to be strongly influenced by local sources of trace elements in the streambed sediment. Bioaccumulation was greatest for those species classified as primarily detritivores, having relatively large adult body size, considered nonmigratory with respect to reproductive strategy, occurring mostly in large or variable size streams and rivers, preferring depositional areas within the stream channel, and preferring benthic rather than open-water habitats. Our findings provide evidence of the strong relationship between bioaccumulation of environmental trace elements and trait-based factors that influence contaminant exposure. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-036","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Short, T., DeWeese, L., and Dubrovsky, N., 2008, Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 65, no. 6, p. 1087-1100, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-036.","startPage":"1087","endPage":"1100","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-036"},{"id":241886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01fce4b0c8380cd4fe24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, T.M.","contributorId":50626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWeese, L.R.","contributorId":65116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWeese","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubrovsky, N. M.","contributorId":48199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"N. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031848,"text":"70031848 - 2008 - Space-based detection of wetlands' surface water level changes from L-band SAR interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031848","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space-based detection of wetlands' surface water level changes from L-band SAR interferometry","docAbstract":"Interferometric processing of JERS-1 L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data acquired over south Florida during 1993-1996 reveals detectable surface changes in the Everglades wetlands. Although our study is limited to south Florida it has implication for other large-scale wetlands, because south Florida wetlands have diverse vegetation types and both managed and natural flow environments. Our analysis reveals that interferometric coherence level is sensitive to wetland vegetation type and to the interferogram time span. Interferograms with time spans less than six months maintain phase observations for all wetland types, allowing characterization of water level changes in different wetland environments. The most noticeable changes occur between the managed and the natural flow wetlands. In the managed wetlands, fringes are organized, follow patterns related to some of the managed water control structures and have high fringe-rate. In the natural flow areas, fringes are irregular and have a low fringe-rate. The high fringe rate in managed areas reflects dynamic water topography caused by high flow rate due to gate operation. Although this organized fringe pattern is not characteristic of most large-scale wetlands, the high level of water level change enables accurate estimation of the wetland InSAR technique, which lies in the range of 5-10??cm. The irregular and low rate fringe pattern in the natural flow area reflects uninterrupted flow that diffuses water efficiently and evenly. Most of the interferograms in the natural flow area show an elongated fringe located along the transitional zone between salt- and fresh-water wetlands, reflecting water level changes due to ocean tides. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.008","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Wdowinski, S., Kim, S., Amelung, F., Dixon, T., Miralles-Wilhelm, F., and Sonenshein, R., 2008, Space-based detection of wetlands' surface water level changes from L-band SAR interferometry: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 112, no. 3, p. 681-696, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.008.","startPage":"681","endPage":"696","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214736,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.008"},{"id":242486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b940be4b08c986b31a81f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wdowinski, S.","contributorId":20481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wdowinski","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, S.-W.","contributorId":70256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"S.-W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amelung, F.","contributorId":106268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amelung","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dixon, T.H.","contributorId":14947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miralles-Wilhelm, F.","contributorId":97325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miralles-Wilhelm","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sonenshein, R.","contributorId":71251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonenshein","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033555,"text":"70033555 - 2008 - Porewater biogeochemistry and soil metabolism in dwarf red mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033555","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Porewater biogeochemistry and soil metabolism in dwarf red mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize)","docAbstract":"Seasonal variability in biogeochemical signatures was used to elucidate the dominant pathways of soil microbial metabolism and elemental cycling in an oligotrophic mangrove system. Three interior dwarf mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize) where surface soils were overlain by microbial mats were sampled during wet and dry periods of the year. Porewater equilibration meters and standard biogeochemical methods provided steady-state porewater profiles of pH, chloride, sulfate, sulfide, ammonium, nitrate/nitrite, phosphate, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, reduced iron and manganese, dissolved inorganic carbon, methane and nitrous oxide. During the wet season, the salinity of overlying pond water and shallow porewaters decreased. Increased rainwater infiltration through soils combined with higher tidal heights appeared to result in increased organic carbon inventories and more reducing soil porewaters. During the dry season, evaporation increased both surface water and porewater salinities, while lower tidal heights resulted in less reduced soil porewaters. Rainfall strongly influenced inventories of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, possibly due to more rapid decay of mangrove litter during the wet season. During both times of year, high concentrations of reduced metabolites accumulated at depth, indicating substantial rates of organic matter mineralization coupled primarily to sulfate reduction. Nitrous oxide and methane concentrations were supersaturated indicating considerable rates of nitrification and/or incomplete denitrification and methanogenesis, respectively. More reducing soil conditions during the wet season promoted the production of reduced manganese. Contemporaneous activity of sulfate reduction and methanogenesis was likely fueled by the presence of noncompetitive substrates. The findings indicate that these interior dwarf areas are unique sites of nutrient and energy regeneration and may be critical to the overall persistence and productivity of mangrove-dominated islands in oligotrophic settings. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10533-008-9176-9","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Lee, R., Porubsky, W., Feller, I., McKee, K., and Joye, S., 2008, Porewater biogeochemistry and soil metabolism in dwarf red mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize): Biogeochemistry, v. 87, no. 2, p. 181-198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9176-9.","startPage":"181","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214517,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9176-9"},{"id":242251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dd3e4b0c8380cd7a1a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, R.Y.","contributorId":49618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porubsky, W.P.","contributorId":32000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porubsky","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feller, Ilka C.","contributorId":79990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"Ilka C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, K.L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":77113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Joye, S.B.","contributorId":97266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joye","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031850,"text":"70031850 - 2008 - Studies on geological background and source of fluorine in drinking water in the North China Plate fluorosis areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031850","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3609,"text":"Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies on geological background and source of fluorine in drinking water in the North China Plate fluorosis areas","docAbstract":"Endemic fluorosis in northern China is usually produced by high fluorine (F) content in drinking water. Thirty-one samples of drinking waters, mainly well waters and nearly 200 samples of rocks, loess, and coal were analyzed for F content using the combustion hydrolysis-fluoride-ion selective electrode (ISE) method. The geologic cross sections of two well-known fluorosis basins were studied. The solubility of F in different rock types collected from fluorosis areas was determined. Results showed that areas of endemic fluorosis in northern China are located in coal-bearing basins which are comprised of three stratagraphic portions. The lowest portion is Precambrian granitic rocks or Cambrian-Ordovician carbonates. The middle portion consists of Permo-Carboniferous or Jurassic coal-bearing sequences. The upper portion is 0-400 m Pleistocene loess. Flourine content in the Precambrian granite-gneiss contained (a) 1090-1460 ppm, in the Cambrian-Ordovician limestone and dolomite, (b) 52-133 ppm, in black shales and coal gob of Permo-Carboniferous coal-bearing strata, (c) 200-700 ppm, and (d) Pleistocene loess 454-542 ppm. The solubility of F in black shales of coal-bearing sequences was higher than in Precambrian granitic rocks, and both were more soluble than loess. F solubility from Precambrian granitic rocks was moderate, but Precambrian granitic rocks have high F content and thus contribute an appreciable amount of ion to the shallow groundwater (well water). Varying F content in shallow groundwater is controlled by geological conditions. The sources of F in the shallow groundwater from fluorosis areas in northern China are mainly derived from black shales of coal-bearing sequences and Precambrian granitic basement in the basins of northern China. ?? 2008 Taylor & Francis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/02772240701456091","issn":"02772248","usgsCitation":"Luo, K., Feng, F., Li, H., Chou, C.L., Feng, Z., and Yunshe, D., 2008, Studies on geological background and source of fluorine in drinking water in the North China Plate fluorosis areas: Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, v. 90, no. 2, p. 237-246, https://doi.org/10.1080/02772240701456091.","startPage":"237","endPage":"246","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214769,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772240701456091"},{"id":242519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9cbae4b08c986b31d49e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, K.","contributorId":9057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feng, F.","contributorId":107515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, H.","contributorId":44338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feng, Z.","contributorId":84991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yunshe, D.","contributorId":76563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yunshe","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031853,"text":"70031853 - 2008 - Effects of turbulence on hydraulic heads and parameter sensitivities in preferential groundwater flow layers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T17:36:52","indexId":"70031853","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of turbulence on hydraulic heads and parameter sensitivities in preferential groundwater flow layers","docAbstract":"<p><span>A conduit flow process (CFP) for the Modular Finite Difference Ground‐Water Flow model, MODFLOW‐2005, has been created by the U.S. Geological Survey. An application of the CFP on a carbonate aquifer in southern Florida is described; this application examines (1) the potential for turbulent groundwater flow and (2) the effects of turbulent flow on hydraulic heads and parameter sensitivities. Turbulent flow components were spatially extensive in preferential groundwater flow layers, with horizontal hydraulic conductivities of about 5,000,000 m d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, mean void diameters equal to about 3.5 cm, groundwater temperature equal to about 25°C, and critical Reynolds numbers less than or equal to 400. Turbulence either increased or decreased simulated heads from their laminar elevations. Specifically, head differences from laminar elevations ranged from about −18 to +27 cm and were explained by the magnitude of net flow to the finite difference model cell. Turbulence also affected the sensitivities of model parameters. Specifically, the composite‐scaled sensitivities of horizontal hydraulic conductivities decreased by as much as 70% when turbulence was essentially removed. These hydraulic head and sensitivity differences due to turbulent groundwater flow highlight potential errors in models based on the equivalent porous media assumption, which assumes laminar flow in uniformly distributed void spaces.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006601","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, W., Cunningham, K.J., Kuniansky, E.L., and Dixon, J.F., 2008, Effects of turbulence on hydraulic heads and parameter sensitivities in preferential groundwater flow layers: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 3, Article W03501; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006601.","productDescription":"Article W03501; 11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0816e4b0c8380cd51983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, W. Barclay bshoemak@usgs.gov","contributorId":1495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"W. Barclay","email":"bshoemak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuniansky, Eve L. 0000-0002-5581-0225 elkunian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-0225","contributorId":932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuniansky","given":"Eve","email":"elkunian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dixon, Joann F. 0000-0001-9200-6407 jdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-6407","contributorId":1756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Joann","email":"jdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031926,"text":"70031926 - 2008 - Comparative study of transport processes of nitrogen, phosphorus, and herbicides to streams in five agricultural basins, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T14:42:48.514946","indexId":"70031926","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative study of transport processes of nitrogen, phosphorus, and herbicides to streams in five agricultural basins, USA","docAbstract":"Agricultural chemical transport to surface water and the linkage to other hydrological compartments, principally ground water, was investigated at five watersheds in semiarid to humid climatic settings. Chemical transport was affected by storm water runoff, soil drainage, irrigation, and how streams were linked to shallow ground water systems. Irrigation practices and timing of chemical use greatly affected nutrient and pesticide transport in the semiarid basins. Irrigation with imported water tended to increase ground water and chemical transport, whereas the use of locally pumped irrigation water may eliminate connections between streams and ground water, resulting in lower annual loads. Drainage pathways in humid environments are important because the loads may be transported in tile drains, or through varying combinations of ground water discharge, and overland flow. In most cases, overland flow contributed the greatest loads, but a significant portion of the annual load of nitrate and some pesticide degradates can be transported under base-flow conditions. The highest basin yields for nitrate were measured in a semiarid irrigated system that used imported water and in a stream dominated by tile drainage in a humid environment. Pesticide loads, as a percent of actual use (LAPU), showed the effects of climate and geohydrologic conditions. The LAPU values in the semiarid study basin in Washington were generally low because most of the load was transported in ground water discharge to the stream. When herbicides are applied during the rainy season in a semiarid setting, such as simazine in the California basin, LAPU values are similar to those in the Midwest basins. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2007.0408","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Domagalski, J.L., Ator, S., Coupe, R., McCarthy, K., Lampe, D., Sandstrom, M.W., and Baker, N., 2008, Comparative study of transport processes of nitrogen, phosphorus, and herbicides to streams in five agricultural basins, USA: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1158-1169, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0408.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1158","endPage":"1169","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f82ae4b0c8380cd4cf01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, S. 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":59645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coupe, R.","contributorId":11841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCarthy, K.","contributorId":48287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lampe, D.","contributorId":96105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baker, N.","contributorId":37975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70033364,"text":"70033364 - 2008 - Isotopic variations of dissolved copper and zinc in stream waters affected by historical mining","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:56:23","indexId":"70033364","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic variations of dissolved copper and zinc in stream waters affected by historical mining","docAbstract":"<p>Zinc and Cu play important roles in the biogeochemistry of natural systems, and it is likely that these interactions result in mass-dependent fractionations of their stable isotopes. In this study, we examine the relative abundances of dissolved Zn and Cu isotopes in a variety of stream waters draining six historical mining districts located in the United States and Europe. Our goals were to (1) determine whether streams from different geologic settings have unique or similar Zn and Cu isotopic signatures and (2) to determine whether Zn and Cu isotopic signatures change in response to changes in dissolved metal concentrations over well-defined diel (24-h) cycles.</p><p>Average δ<sup>66</sup>Zn and δ<sup>65</sup>Cu values for streams varied from +0.02‰ to +0.46‰ and −0.7‰ to +1.4‰, respectively, demonstrating that Zn and Cu isotopes are heterogeneous among the measured streams. Zinc or Cu isotopic changes were not detected within the resolution of our measurements over diel cycles for most streams. However, diel changes in Zn isotopes were recorded in one stream where the fluctuations of dissolved Zn were the largest. We calculate an apparent separation factor of ∼0.3‰ (<sup>66/64</sup>Zn) between the dissolved and solid Zn reservoirs in this stream with the solid taking up the lighter Zn isotope. The preference of the lighter isotope in the solid reservoir may reflect metabolic uptake of Zn by microorganisms. Additional field investigations must evaluate the contributions of soils, rocks, minerals, and anthropogenic components to Cu and Zn isotopic fluxes in natural waters. Moreover, rigorous experimental work is necessary to quantify fractionation factors for the biogeochemical reactions that are likely to impact Cu and Zn isotopes in hydrologic systems. This initial investigation of Cu and Zn isotopes in stream waters suggests that these isotopes may be powerful tools for probing biogeochemical processes in surface waters on a variety of temporal and spatial scales.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.11.014","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Borrok, D.M., Nimick, D., Wanty, R.B., and Ridley, W.I., 2008, Isotopic variations of dissolved copper and zinc in stream waters affected by historical mining: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 72, no. 2, p. 329-344, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.11.014.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213442,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.11.014"}],"volume":"72","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3fbfe4b0c8380cd647ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borrok, David M.","contributorId":26056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrok","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David","contributorId":19643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ridley, William I. 0000-0001-6787-558X iridley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-558X","contributorId":1160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"William","email":"iridley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033355,"text":"70033355 - 2008 - Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033355","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout","docAbstract":"We examined changes in water chemistry and copper (Cu) toxicity in three paired renewal and flow-through acute bioassays with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Test exposure methodology influenced both exposure water chemistry and measured Cu toxicity. Ammonia and organic carbon concentrations were higher and the fraction of dissolved Cu lower in renewal tests than in paired flow-through tests. Cu toxicity was also lower in renewal tests; 96 h dissolved Cu LC50 values were 7-60% higher than LC50s from matching flow-through tests. LC50 values in both types of tests were related to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in exposure tanks. Increases in organic carbon concentrations in renewal tests were associated with reduced Cu toxicity, likely as a result of the lower bioavailability of Cu-organic carbon complexes. The biotic ligand model of acute Cu toxicity tended to underpredict toxicity in the presence of DOC. Model fits between predicted and observed toxicity were improved by assuming that only 50% of the measured DOC was reactive, and that this reactive fraction was present as fulvic acid. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Welsh, P., Lipton, J., Mebane, C., and Marr, J., 2008, Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 69, no. 2, p. 199-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003.","startPage":"199","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213405,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003"},{"id":241029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b37e4b0c8380cd62319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, P.G.","contributorId":86980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lipton, J.","contributorId":15841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mebane, C.A.","contributorId":84134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marr, J.C.A.","contributorId":94108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marr","given":"J.C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031928,"text":"70031928 - 2008 - Efficacy of algal metrics for assessing nutrient and organic enrichment in flowing waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:21:07","indexId":"70031928","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of algal metrics for assessing nutrient and organic enrichment in flowing waters","docAbstract":"<p>1. Algal-community metrics were calculated for periphyton samples collected from 976 streams and rivers by the U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Programme during 1993&ndash;2001 to evaluate national and regional relations with water chemistry and to compare whether algal-metric values differ significantly among undeveloped and developed land-use classifications.</p>\n<p>2. Algal metrics with significant positive correlations with nutrient concentrations included indicators of trophic condition, organic enrichment, salinity, motility and taxa richness. The relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing algae was negatively correlated with nitrogen concentrations, and the abundance of diatom species associated with high dissolved oxygen concentrations was negatively correlated with both nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. Median algal-metric values and nutrient concentrations were significantly lower at undeveloped sites than those draining agricultural or urban catchments.</p>\n<p>3. Total algal biovolume did not differ significantly among major river catchments or land-use classifications, and was only weakly correlated with nitrate (positive) and suspended-sediment (negative) concentrations. Estimates of periphyton chlorophyll&nbsp;<i>a</i>&nbsp;indicated an oligotrophic&ndash;mesotrophic boundary of about 21&nbsp;mg&nbsp;m<span>&minus;2</span>&nbsp;and a mesotrophic&ndash;eutrophic boundary of about 55&nbsp;mg&nbsp;m<span>&minus;2</span>&nbsp;based on upper and lower quartiles of the biovolume data distribution.</p>\n<p>4. Although algal species tolerance to nutrient and organic enrichment is well documented, additional taxonomic and autecological research on sensitive, endemic algal species would further enhance water-quality assessments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01951.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Porter, S.D., Mueller, D., Spahr, N., Munn, M., and Dubrovsky, N., 2008, Efficacy of algal metrics for assessing nutrient and organic enrichment in flowing waters: Freshwater Biology, v. 53, no. 5, p. 1036-1054, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01951.x.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1036","endPage":"1054","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01951.x"}],"volume":"53","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0856e4b0c8380cd51aa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porter, S. D.","contributorId":8882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, D. K.","contributorId":93525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munn, M.D.","contributorId":77908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dubrovsky, N. M.","contributorId":48199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"N. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033349,"text":"70033349 - 2008 - Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033349","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran","docAbstract":"The Pabdeh-Lali Anticline of northern Khuzestan province is located in southwestern Iran and occupies 790 km2. This structure is situated in the Zagros folded belt. As a result of well-developed karst systems in the anticlinal axis, the water supply potential is high and is drained by many peripheral springs. However, there is a scarcity of water for agriculture and population centers on the anticlinal flanks, which imposes a severe problem in terms of area development. This study combines remotely sensed (RS) data and a geographical information system (GIS) into a RSGIS technique to delineate new areas for groundwater development and specific sites for drilling productive water wells. Toward these goals, RS data were used to develop GIS layers for lithology, structural geology, topographic slope, elevation, and drainage density. Field measurements were made to create spring-location and groundwater-quality GIS layers. Subsequently, expert choice and relational methods were used in a GIS environment to conjunctively analyze all layers to delineate preferable regions and 43 individual sites in which to drill water wells. Results indicate that the most preferred areas are, in preferential order, within recent alluvial deposits, the Bakhtiyari Conglomerates, and the Aghajari Sandstone. The Asmari Limestone and other units have much lower potential for groundwater supplies. Potential usefulness of the RSGIS method was indicated when six out of nine producing wells recently drilled by the Khozestan Water and Power Authority (which had no knowledge of this study) were located in areas preferentially selected by this technique.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental and Engineering Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315","issn":"10787","usgsCitation":"Rangzan, K., Charchi, A., Abshirini, E., and Dinger, J., 2008, Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 14, no. 4, p. 315-326, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315.","startPage":"315","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213376,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6f1e4b0c8380cd85129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rangzan, K.","contributorId":39589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangzan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charchi, A.","contributorId":82928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charchi","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abshirini, E.","contributorId":22972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abshirini","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dinger, J.","contributorId":69788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032935,"text":"70032935 - 2008 - Western juniper and ponderosa pine ecotonal climate-growth relationships across landscape gradients in southern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T14:35:55","indexId":"70032935","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Western juniper and ponderosa pine ecotonal climate-growth relationships across landscape gradients in southern Oregon","docAbstract":"Forecasts of climate change for the Pacific northwestern United States predict warmer temperatures, increased winter precipitation, and drier summers. Prediction of forest growth responses to these climate fluctuations requires identification of climatic variables limiting tree growth, particularly at limits of free species distributions. We addressed this problem at the pine-woodland ecotone using tree-ring data for western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis var. occidentalis Hook.) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Loud.) from southern Oregon. Annual growth chronologies for 1950-2000 were developed for each species at 17 locations. Correlation and linear regression of climate-growth relationships revealed that radial growth in both species is highly dependent on October-June precipitation events that recharge growing season soil water. Mean annual radial growth for the nine driest years suggests that annual growth in both species is more sensitive to drought at lower elevations and sites with steeper slopes and sandy or rocky soils. Future increases in winter precipitation could increase productivity in both species at the pine-woodland ecotone. Growth responses, however, will also likely vary across landscape features, and our findings suggest that heightened sensitivity to future drought periods and increased temperatures in the two species will predominantly occur at lower elevation sites with poor water-holding capacities. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/X08-142","issn":"00455","usgsCitation":"Knutson, K., and Pyke, D., 2008, Western juniper and ponderosa pine ecotonal climate-growth relationships across landscape gradients in southern Oregon: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 38, no. 12, p. 3021-3032, https://doi.org/10.1139/X08-142.","startPage":"3021","endPage":"3032","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213412,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X08-142"}],"volume":"38","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd00ce4b08c986b32ec54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, K.C.","contributorId":78557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, D.A.","contributorId":62713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031863,"text":"70031863 - 2008 - Fecal indicator bacteria and Salmonella in ponds managed as bird habitat, San Francisco Bay, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:09:39","indexId":"70031863","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fecal indicator bacteria and Salmonella in ponds managed as bird habitat, San Francisco Bay, California, USA","docAbstract":"Throughout the world, coastal resource managers are encouraging the restoration of previously modified coastal habitats back into wetlands and managed ponds for their ecosystem value. Because many coastal wetlands are adjacent to urban centers and waters used for human recreation, it is important to understand how wildlife can affect water quality. We measured fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations, presence/absence of Salmonella, bird abundance, and physico-chemical parameters in two coastal, managed ponds and adjacent sloughs for 4 weeks during the summer and winter in 2006. We characterized the microbial water quality in these waters relative to state water-quality standards and examined the relationship between FIB, bird abundance, and physico-chemical parameters. A box model approach was utilized to determine the net source or sink of FIB in the ponds during the study periods. FIB concentrations often exceeded state standards, particularly in the summer, and microbial water quality in the sloughs was generally lower than in ponds during both seasons. Specifically, the inflow of water from the sloughs to the ponds during the summer, more so than waterfowl use, appeared to increase the FIB concentrations in the ponds. The box model results suggested that the ponds served as net wetland sources and sinks for FIB, and high bird abundances in the winter likely contributed to net winter source terms for two of the three FIB in both ponds. Eight serovars of the human pathogen Salmonella were isolated from slough and pond waters, although the source of the pathogen to these wetlands was not identified. Thus, it appeared that factors other than bird abundance were most important in modulating FIB concentrations in these ponds.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.03.006","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Athearn, N., Takekawa, J.Y., and Boehm, A., 2008, Fecal indicator bacteria and Salmonella in ponds managed as bird habitat, San Francisco Bay, California, USA: Water Research, v. 42, no. 12, p. 2921-2930, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.03.006.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2921","endPage":"2930","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.03.006"},{"id":242682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f49e4b0c8380cd53858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, G.G.","contributorId":12678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Athearn, N.D.","contributorId":86958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"N.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boehm, A.B.","contributorId":87770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehm","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033489,"text":"70033489 - 2008 - Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033489","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica","docAbstract":"A key hypothesis guiding the US Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (US SO GLOBEC) program is that deep across-shelf troughs facilitate the transport of warm and nutrient-rich waters onto the continental shelf of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, resulting in enhanced winter production and prey availability to top predators. We tested aspects of this hypothesis during austral winter by assessing the distribution of the resident pack-ice top predators in relation to these deep across-shelf troughs and by investigating associations between top predators and their prey. Surveys were conducted July-August 2001 and August-September 2002 in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica, with a focus on the main across-shelf trough in the bay, Marguerite Trough. The common pack-ice seabird species were snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea, 1.2 individuals km-2), Antarctic petrel (Thalassoica antarctica, 0.3 individuals km-2), and Ade??lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae, 0.5 individuals km-2). The most common pack-ice pinniped was crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus). During both winters, snow and Antarctic petrels were associated with low sea-ice concentrations independent of Marguerite Trough, while Ade??lie penguins occurred in association with this trough. Krill concentrations, both shallow and deep, also were associated with Ade??lie penguin and snow petrel distributions. During both winters, crabeater seal occurrence was associated with deep krill concentrations and with regions of lower chlorophyll concentration. The area of lower chlorophyll concentrations occurred in an area with complex bathymetry close to land and heavy ice concentrations. Complex or unusual bathymetry via its influence on physical and biological processes appears to be one of the keys to understanding how top predators survive during the winter in this Antarctic region. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C., Chapman, E., Fraser, W., Lawson, G., and Wiebe, P., 2008, Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 55, no. 3-4, p. 485-499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006.","startPage":"485","endPage":"499","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476727,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2235","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214160,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006"},{"id":241854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb440e4b08c986b32628d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, C. A. 0000-0003-2583-1778","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":6026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, E.","contributorId":96908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraser, William R.","contributorId":94277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawson, G.L.","contributorId":55221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiebe, P.H.","contributorId":35553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiebe","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033536,"text":"70033536 - 2008 - Age-0 Lost River sucker and shortnose sucker nearshore habitat use in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: A patch occupancy approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033536","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-0 Lost River sucker and shortnose sucker nearshore habitat use in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: A patch occupancy approach","docAbstract":"We examined habitat use by age-0 Lost River suckers Deltistes luxatus and shortnose suckers Chasmistes brevirostris over six substrate classes and in vegetated and nonvegetated areas of Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. We used a patch occupancy approach to model the effect of physical habitat and water quality conditions on habitat use. Our models accounted for potential inconsistencies in detection probability among sites and sampling occasions as a result of differences in fishing gear types and techniques, habitat characteristics, and age-0 fish size and abundance. Detection probability was greatest during mid- to late summer, when water temperatures were highest and age-0 suckers were the largest. The proportion of sites used by age-0 suckers was inversely related to depth (range = 0.4-3.0 m), particularly during late summer. Age-0 suckers were more likely to use habitats containing small substrate (<64 mm) than those containing large substrate (>64 mm) and habitats with vegetation than those without vegetation. Relatively narrow ranges in dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH prevented us from detecting effects of these water quality features on age-0 sucker nearshore habitat use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-072.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Hendrixson, H., and VanderKooi, S.P., 2008, Age-0 Lost River sucker and shortnose sucker nearshore habitat use in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: A patch occupancy approach: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 2, p. 417-430, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-072.1.","startPage":"417","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214278,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-072.1"},{"id":241983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8fbe4b0c8380cd4800a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, S. M.","contributorId":78043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendrixson, H.A.","contributorId":73424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrixson","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanderKooi, S. P.","contributorId":12587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031936,"text":"70031936 - 2008 - Density currents in the Chicago River: Characterization, effects on water quality, and potential sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031936","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density currents in the Chicago River: Characterization, effects on water quality, and potential sources","docAbstract":"Bidirectional flows in a river system can occur under stratified flow conditions and in addition to creating significant errors in discharge estimates, the upstream propagating currents are capable of transporting contaminants and affecting water quality. Detailed field observations of bidirectional flows were made in the Chicago River in Chicago, Illinois in the winter of 2005-06. Using multiple acoustic Doppler current profilers simultaneously with a water-quality profiler, the formation of upstream propagating density currents within the Chicago River both as an underflow and an overflow was observed on three occasions. Density differences driving the flow primarily arise from salinity differences between intersecting branches of the Chicago River, whereas water temperature is secondary in the creation of these currents. Deicing salts appear to be the primary source of salinity in the North Branch of the Chicago River, entering the waterway through direct runoff and effluent from a wastewater-treatment plant in a large metropolitan area primarily served by combined sewers. Water-quality assessments of the Chicago River may underestimate (or overestimate) the impairment of the river because standard water-quality monitoring practices do not account for density-driven underflows (or overflows). Chloride concentrations near the riverbed can significantly exceed concentrations at the river surface during underflows indicating that full-depth parameter profiles are necessary for accurate water-quality assessments in urban environments where application of deicing salt is common.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.011","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Jackson, P., Garcia, C., Oberg, K.A., Johnson, K., and Garcia, M., 2008, Density currents in the Chicago River: Characterization, effects on water quality, and potential sources: Science of the Total Environment, v. 401, no. 1-3, p. 130-143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.011.","startPage":"130","endPage":"143","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476769,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2250","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214993,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.011"},{"id":242755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"401","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fea4e4b0c8380cd4ee40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, P.R.","contributorId":68552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C.M.","contributorId":84159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oberg, K. A.","contributorId":67553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, K. K.","contributorId":70871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, M.H.","contributorId":45079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031937,"text":"70031937 - 2008 - Rainfall effects on rare annual plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T11:05:08","indexId":"70031937","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rainfall effects on rare annual plants","docAbstract":"<ol><li>Variation in climate is predicted to increase over much of the planet this century. Forecasting species persistence with climate change thus requires understanding of how populations respond to climate variability, and the mechanisms underlying this response. Variable rainfall is well known to drive fluctuations in annual plant populations, yet the degree to which population response is driven by between-year variation in germination cueing, water limitation or competitive suppression is poorly understood.</li><li>We used demographic monitoring and population models to examine how three seed banking, rare annual plants of the California Channel Islands respond to natural variation in precipitation and their competitive environments. Island plants are particularly threatened by climate change because their current ranges are unlikely to overlap regions that are climatically favourable in the future.</li><li>Species showed 9 to 100-fold between-year variation in plant density over the 5–12 years of censusing, including a severe drought and a wet El Niño year. During the drought, population sizes were low for all species. However, even in non-drought years, population sizes and per capita growth rates showed considerable temporal variation, variation that was uncorrelated with total rainfall. These population fluctuations were instead correlated with the temperature after the first major storm event of the season, a germination cue for annual plants.</li><li>Temporal variation in the density of the focal species was uncorrelated with the total vegetative cover in the surrounding community, suggesting that variation in competitive environments does not strongly determine population fluctuations. At the same time, the uncorrelated responses of the focal species and their competitors to environmental variation may favour persistence via the storage effect.</li><li>Population growth rate analyses suggested differential endangerment of the focal annuals. Elasticity analyses and life table response experiments indicated that variation in germination has the same potential as the seeds produced per germinant to drive variation in population growth rates, but only the former was clearly related to rainfall.</li><li><i>Synthesis</i>. Our work suggests that future changes in the timing and temperatures associated with the first major rains, acting through germination, may more strongly affect population persistence than changes in season-long rainfall.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x","issn":"00220477","usgsCitation":"Levine, J., McEachern, A.K., and Cowan, C., 2008, Rainfall effects on rare annual plants: Journal of Ecology, v. 96, no. 4, p. 795-806, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"795","endPage":"806","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476770,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215023,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a945ce4b0c8380cd8136c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levine, J.M.","contributorId":77748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEachern, A. K.","contributorId":29777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cowan, C.","contributorId":46777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031887,"text":"70031887 - 2008 - In situ estimation of the effective chemical diffusion coefficient of a rock matrix in a fractured aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-17T19:26:25.312435","indexId":"70031887","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ estimation of the effective chemical diffusion coefficient of a rock matrix in a fractured aquifer","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\"><span>An in situ method of estimating the effective diffusion coefficient for a chemical constituent that diffuses into the primary porosity of a rock is developed by abruptly changing the concentration of the dissolved constituent in a borehole in contact with the rock matrix and monitoring the time-varying concentration. The experiment was conducted in a borehole completed in mudstone on the campus of the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Numerous tracer tests were conducted at this site, which left a residual concentration of sodium chloride in boreholes that diffused into the rock matrix over a period of years. Fresh water was introduced into a borehole in contact with the mudstone, and the time-varying increase of chloride was observed by monitoring the electrical conductivity (EC) at various depths in the borehole. Estimates of the effective diffusion coefficient were obtained by interpreting measurements of EC over 34&nbsp;d. The effective diffusion coefficient at a depth of 36&nbsp;m was approximately 7.8×10</span><sup>−6</sup><span>&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>/d, but was sensitive to the assumed matrix porosity. The formation factor and mass flux for the mudstone were also estimated from the experiment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-007-0255-0","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Gebrekristos, R., Shapiro, A., and Usher, B., 2008, In situ estimation of the effective chemical diffusion coefficient of a rock matrix in a fractured aquifer: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 16, no. 4, p. 629-639, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0255-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"639","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"South Africa","city":"Bloemfontein","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              26.03759765625,\n              -29.288794393648296\n            ],\n            [\n              26.42486572265625,\n              -29.288794393648296\n            ],\n            [\n              26.42486572265625,\n              -28.969700808694157\n            ],\n            [\n              26.03759765625,\n              -28.969700808694157\n            ],\n            [\n              26.03759765625,\n              -29.288794393648296\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a399fe4b0c8380cd619a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gebrekristos, R.A.","contributorId":25830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebrekristos","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shapiro, A.M. 0000-0002-6425-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":88384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":433595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Usher, B.H.","contributorId":81763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usher","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033347,"text":"70033347 - 2008 - Longitudinal gradients along a reservoir cascade","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033347","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longitudinal gradients along a reservoir cascade","docAbstract":"Reservoirs have traditionally been regarded as spatially independent entities rather than as longitudinal segments of a river system that are connected upstream and downstream to the river and other reservoirs. This view has frustrated advancement in reservoir science by impeding adequate organization of available information and by hindering interchanges with allied disciplines that often consider impounded rivers at the basin scale. We analyzed reservoir morphology, water quality, and fish assemblage data collected in 24 reservoirs of the Tennessee River; we wanted to describe longitudinal changes occurring at the scale of the entire reservoir series (i.e., cascade) and to test the hypothesis that fish communities and environmental factors display predictable gradients like those recognized for unimpounded rivers. We used a data set collected over a 7-year period; over 3 million fish representing 94 species were included in the data set. Characteristics such as reservoir mean depth, relative size of the limnetic zone, water retention time, oxygen stratification, thermal stratification, substrate size, and water level fluctuations increased in upstream reservoirs. Conversely, reservoir area, extent of riverine and littoral zones, access to floodplains and associated wetlands, habitat diversity, and nutrient and sediment inputs increased in downstream reservoirs. Upstream reservoirs included few, largely lacustrine, ubiquitous fish taxa that were characteristic of the lentic upper reaches of the basin. Fish species richness increased in a downstream direction from 12 to 67 species/ reservoir as riverine species became more common. Considering impoundments at a basin scale by viewing them as sections in a river or links in a chain may generate insight that is not always available when the impoundments are viewed as isolated entities. Basin-scale variables are rarely controllable but constrain the expression of processes at smaller scales and can facilitate the organization of reservoir management efforts. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-262.1","issn":"00028","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L., Habrat, M., and Miyazono, S., 2008, Longitudinal gradients along a reservoir cascade: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 6, p. 1851-1865, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-262.1.","startPage":"1851","endPage":"1865","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213351,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-262.1"},{"id":240968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49c2e4b0c8380cd68877","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Habrat, M.D.","contributorId":50361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Habrat","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miyazono, S.","contributorId":79310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyazono","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033488,"text":"70033488 - 2008 - Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033488","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation","docAbstract":"Cleats and fractures in southwestern Indiana coal seams are often filled with authigenic kaolinite and/or calcite. Carbon- and oxygen-stable isotope ratios of kaolinite, calcite, and coalbed CO2 were evaluated in combination with measured values and published estimates of ??18O of coalbed paleowaters that had been present at the time of mineralization. ??18Omineral and ??18Owater values jointly constrain the paleotemperature of mineralization. The isotopic evidence and the thermal and tectonic history of this part of the Illinois Basin led to the conclusion that maximum burial and heat-sterilization of coal seams approximately 272??Ma ago was followed by advective heat redistribution and concurrent precipitation of kaolinite in cleats at a burial depth of < 1600??m at ??? 78 ?? 5????C. Post-Paleozoic uplift, the development of a second generation of cleats, and subsequent precipitation of calcite occurred at shallower burial depth between ??? 500 to ??? 1300??m at a lower temperature of 43 ?? 6????C. The available paleowater in coalbeds was likely ocean water and/or tropical meteoric water with a ??18Owater ??? - 1.25??? versus VSMOW. Inoculation of coalbeds with methanogenic CO2-reducing microbes occurred at an even later time, because modern microbially influenced 13C-enriched coalbed CO2 (i.e., the isotopically fractionated residue of microbial CO2 reduction) is out of isotopic equilibrium with 13C-depleted calcite in cleats. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Solano-Acosta, W., Schimmelmann, A., Mastalerz, M., and Arango, I., 2008, Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 73, no. 3-4, p. 219-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002.","startPage":"219","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002"},{"id":241853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a009be4b0c8380cd4f801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solano-Acosta, W.","contributorId":29212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano-Acosta","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arango, I.","contributorId":10238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arango","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033479,"text":"70033479 - 2008 - A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033479","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"In the northern Gulf of Mexico, a series of seafloor mounds lie along the floor of the Mississippi Canyon in Atwater Valley lease blocks 13 and 14. The mounds, one of which was drilled by the Chevron Joint Industry Project on Methane Hydrates in 2005, are interpreted to be vent-related features that may contain significant accumulations of gas hydrate adjacent to gas and fluid migration pathways. The mounds are located ???150 km south of Louisiana at ???1300 m water depth. New side-scan sonar data, multibeam bathymetry, and near-bottom photography along a 4 km northwest-southeast transect crossing two of the mounds (labeled D and F) reveal the mounds' detailed morphology and surficial characteristics. Mound D, ???250 m in diameter and 7-10 m in height, has exposures of authigenic carbonates and appears to result from a seafloor vent of slow-to-moderate flux. Mound F, which is ???400 m in diameter and 10-15 m high, is covered on its southwest flank by extruded mud flows, a characteristic associated with moderate-to-rapid flux. Chemosynthetic communities visible on the bottom photographs are restricted to bacterial mats on both mounds and mussels at Mound D. No indications of surficial gas hydrates are evident on the bottom photographs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020","issn":"02648","usgsCitation":"Hart, P., Hutchinson, D.R., Gardner, J., Carney, R., and Fornari, D., 2008, A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 25, no. 9, p. 969-976, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020.","startPage":"969","endPage":"976","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476687,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2620","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020"},{"id":242246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4d7e4b0c8380cd4697f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, P. E.","contributorId":10773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, J.","contributorId":18176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carney, R.S.","contributorId":86186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carney","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fornari, D.","contributorId":74214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornari","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032928,"text":"70032928 - 2008 - Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T09:40:48","indexId":"70032928","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006","docAbstract":"<p>Along the coast of the northeastern United States, strong winds blowing from the northeast are often associated with storms called northeasters, coastal storms that strongly influence weather. In addition to effects caused by wind stress, the sea floor is affected by bottom stress associated with these storms. Bottom stress caused by orbital velocities associated with surface waves integrated over the duration of a storm is a metric of storm strength at the sea floor. Near-bottom wave-orbital velocities calculated by using measurements of significant wave height and dominant wave period and the parametric spectral method described in Wiberg and Sherwood [Wiberg, P.L., Sherwood, C.R. Calculating wave-generated bottom orbital velocities from surface wave parameters. Computers in Geosciences, in press] compared well with observations in Massachusetts Bay. Integrated bottom-wave stress (called IWAVES), calculated at 30 m water depth, and a companion storm-strength metric, integrated surface wind stress at 10 m (called IWINDS), are used to provide an overview of the strength, frequency, and timing of large storms in Massachusetts Bay over a 17-year period from January 1990 through December 2006. These new metrics reflect both storm duration and intensity. Northeast storms were the major cause of large waves in Massachusetts Bay because of the long fetch to the east: of the strongest 10% of storms (n=38) ranked by IWAVES, 22 had vector-averaged wind stress from the northeast quadrant. The Blizzard of December 1992, the Perfect Storm of October 1991, and a December 2003 storm were the strongest three storms ranked by IWAVES and IWINDS, and all were northeasters. IWAVES integrated over the winter season (defined as October-May) ranged by about a factor of 11; the winters with the highest integrated IWAVES were 1992-1993 and 2004-2005 and the winter with the lowest integrated IWAVES was 2001-2002. May 2005 was the only month in the 17-year record that two of the nine strongest northeast storms ranked by IWINDS occurred in the same month or year; these were also the only storms of the nine strongest northeast storms to occur in the spring.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.010","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Sherwood, C.R., and Dalyander, P., 2008, Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006: Continental Shelf Research, v. 28, no. 10-11, p. 1231-1245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.010.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1231","endPage":"1245","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Massachusetts Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.0323486328125,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.0323486328125,\n              42.783307077249624\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.783307077249624\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"10-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a682ee4b0c8380cd73663","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, B.","contributorId":85580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalyander, P.S. 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":68968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031939,"text":"70031939 - 2008 - Effects of climate and land management change on streamflow in the driftless area of Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:19:33","indexId":"70031939","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of climate and land management change on streamflow in the driftless area of Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Baseflow and precipitation in the Kickapoo River Watershed, located in the Driftless Area of Wisconsin, exhibit a step increase around 1970, similar to minimum and median flows in many other central and eastern USA streams. Potential effects on streamflow due to climatic and land management changes were evaluated by comparing volumetric changes in the hydrologic budget before and after 1970. Increases in precipitation do not fully account for the increase in baseflow, which appears to be offset by a volumetric decrease in stormflow. This suggests that factors that influence the partitioning of precipitation into overland runoff or infiltration have changed. A transition from relatively more intensive to relatively less intensive agricultural land use is generally associated with higher infiltration rates, and likely influences partitioning of flow. Changes in agricultural land management practices in the Driftless Area, which began in the mid-1930s, do not coincide with the abrupt increase in baseflow around 1970. Instead, the timing of hydrologic change appears to coincide with changes in precipitation, whereas the magnitude of the change in baseflow and stormflow was likely amplified by changes in agricultural land management. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.010","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P., Hunt, R.J., Anderson, M.P., and Robertson, D.M., 2008, Effects of climate and land management change on streamflow in the driftless area of Wisconsin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 355, no. 1-4, p. 123-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.010.","startPage":"123","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215051,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.010"}],"volume":"355","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06ade4b0c8380cd5137e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, P. F.","contributorId":24819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"P. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031941,"text":"70031941 - 2008 - Dissolved oxygen transfer to sediments by sweep and eject motions in aquatic environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031941","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved oxygen transfer to sediments by sweep and eject motions in aquatic environments","docAbstract":"Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were quantified near the sediment-water interface to evaluate DO transfer to sediments in a laboratory recirculating flume and open channel under varying fluid-flow conditions. DO concentration fluctuations were observed within the diffusive sublayer, as defined by the time-averaged DO concentration gradient near the sediment-water interface. Evaluation of the DO concentration fluctuations along with detailed fluid-flow characterizations were used to quantify quasi-periodic sweep and eject motions (bursting events) near the sediments. Bursting events dominated the Reynolds shear stresses responsible for momentum and mass fluctuations near the sediment bed. Two independent methods for detecting bursting events using DO concentration and velocity data produced consistent results. The average time between bursting events was scaled with wall variables and was incorporated into a similarity model to describe the dimensionless mass transfer coefficient (Sherwood number, Sh) in terms of the Reynolds number, Re, and Schmidt number, Sc, which described transport in the flow. The scaling of bursting events was employed with the similarity model to quantify DO transfer to sediments and results showed a high degree of agreement with experimental data. ?? 2008, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, B., and Hondzo, M., 2008, Dissolved oxygen transfer to sediments by sweep and eject motions in aquatic environments: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 53, no. 2, p. 566-578.","startPage":"566","endPage":"578","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a023ce4b0c8380cd4ff72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, B.L.","contributorId":24977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hondzo, Miki","contributorId":11816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hondzo","given":"Miki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12693,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":433819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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