{"pageNumber":"922","pageRowStart":"23025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165549,"records":[{"id":70192054,"text":"70192054 - 2017 - Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T16:28:10","indexId":"70192054","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) is an emerging technique used to detect aquatic species through water sampling and the extraction of biological material for amplification. Our study compared the efficacy of eDNA methodology to American Fisheries Society (AFS) standard snorkeling surveys with regard to detecting the presence of rare fish species. Knowing which method is more efficient at detecting target species will help managers to determine the best way to sample when both traditional sampling methods and eDNA sampling are available. Our study site included three Navajo Nation streams that contained Navajo Nation Genetic Subunit Bluehead Suckers&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus discobolus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and Zuni Bluehead Suckers<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>C. discobolus yarrowi</i><span>. We first divided the entire wetted area of streams into consecutive 100-m reaches and then systematically selected 10 reaches/stream for snorkel and eDNA surveys. Surface water samples were taken in 10-m sections within each 100-m reach, while fish presence was noted via snorkeling in each 10-m section. Quantitative PCR was run on each individual water sample in quadruplicate to test for the presence or absence of the target species. With eDNA sampling techniques, we were able to positively detect both species in two out of the three streams. Snorkeling resulted in positive detection of both species in all three streams. In streams where the target species were detected with eDNA sampling, snorkeling detected fish at 11–29 sites/stream, whereas eDNA detected fish at 3–12 sites/stream. Our results suggest that AFS standard snorkeling is more effective than eDNA for detecting target fish species. To improve our eDNA procedures, the amount of water collected and tested should be increased. Additionally, filtering water on-site may improve eDNA techniques for detecting fish. Future research should focus on standardization of eDNA sampling to provide a widely operational sampling tool.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2017.1306005","usgsCitation":"Ulibarri, R.M., Bonar, S.A., Rees, C.B., Amberg, J., Ladell, B., and Jackson, C., 2017, Comparing efficiency of American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling techniques to environmental DNA sampling techniques: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 3, p. 644-651, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1306005.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"651","ipdsId":"IP-085361","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.55291748046875,\n              35.97467213380802\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.76327514648438,\n              35.97467213380802\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.76327514648438,\n              36.353845104753745\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.55291748046875,\n              36.353845104753745\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.55291748046875,\n              35.97467213380802\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b993e4b05fe04cd65c65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulibarri, Roy M.","contributorId":197754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulibarri","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rees, Christopher B. crees@usgs.gov","contributorId":5500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Christopher","email":"crees@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon J.","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":714221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ladell, Bridget","contributorId":197751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladell","given":"Bridget","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Craig 0000-0003-4023-0276 cjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0276","contributorId":192276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Craig","email":"cjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70196222,"text":"70196222 - 2017 - Volcano Geodesy: Recent developments and future challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:13:31","indexId":"70196222","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcano Geodesy: Recent developments and future challenges","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ascent of magma through Earth's crust is normally associated with, among other effects, ground deformation and gravity changes. Geodesy is thus a valuable tool for monitoring and hazards assessment during volcanic unrest, and it provides valuable data for exploring the geometry and volume of magma plumbing systems. Recent decades have seen an explosion in the quality and quantity of volcano geodetic data. New datasets (some made possible by regional and global scientific initiatives), as well as new analysis methods and modeling practices, have resulted in important changes to our understanding of the geodetic characteristics of active volcanism and magmatic processes, from the scale of individual eruptive vents to global compilations of volcano deformation. Here, we describe some of the recent developments in volcano geodesy, both in terms of data and interpretive tools, and discuss the role of international initiatives in meeting future challenges for the field.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.08.006","usgsCitation":"Fernandez, J.F., Pepe, A., Poland, M.P., and Sigmundsson, F., 2017, Volcano Geodesy: Recent developments and future challenges: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 344, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.08.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-088542","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"344","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee804e4b0da30c1bfc3ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fernandez, Jose F.","contributorId":189977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pepe, Antonio","contributorId":203540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pepe","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36648,"text":"IREA-CNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sigmundsson, Freysteinn","contributorId":203541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sigmundsson","given":"Freysteinn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70194096,"text":"70194096 - 2017 - New zircon (U-Th)/He and U/Pb eruption age for the Rockland tephra, western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T10:33:47","indexId":"70194096","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New zircon (U-Th)/He and U/Pb eruption age for the Rockland tephra, western USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Eruption ages of a number of prominent Quaternary volcanic deposits remain inaccurately and/or imprecisely constrained, despite their importance as regional stratigraphic markers in paleo-environment reconstruction and as evidence of climate-altering eruptions. Accurately dating volcanic deposits presents challenging analytical considerations, including poor radiogenic yield, scarcity of datable minerals, and contamination of crystal populations by magma, eruption, and transport processes. One prominent example is the Rockland tephra, which erupted from the Lassen Volcanic Center in the southern Cascade arc. Despite a range in published eruption ages from 0.40 to 0.63 Ma, the Rockland tephra is extensively used as a marker bed across the western United States. To more accurately and precisely constrain the age of the Rockland tephra-producing eruption, we report U/Pb crystallization dates from the outermost ∼2&nbsp;μm of zircon crystal faces (surfaces) using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Our new weighted mean&nbsp;</span><sup>238</sup><span>U/</span><sup>206</sup><span>Pb age for Rockland tephra zircon surfaces is 0.598&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.013 Ma (2σ) and MSWD&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.11 (mean square weighted deviation). As an independent test of the accuracy of this age, we obtained new (U-Th)/He dates from individual zircon grains from the Rockland tephra, which yielded a weighted mean age of 0.599&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.012 Ma (2σ, MSWD&nbsp;=&nbsp;5.13). We also obtained a (U-Th)/He age of 0.628&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.014 Ma (MSWD&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.19) for the Lava Creek Tuff member B, which was analyzed as a secondary standard to test the accuracy of the (U-Th)/He technique for Quaternary tephras, and to evaluate assumptions made in the model-age calculation. Concordance of new U/Pb and (U-Th)/He zircon ages reinforces the accuracy of our preferred Rockland tephra eruption age, and confirms that zircon surface dates sample zircon growth up to the time of eruption. We demonstrate the broad applicability of coupled U/Pb zircon-surface and single-grain zircon (U-Th)/He geochronology to accurate dating of Quaternary tephra, and highlight the challenges and opportunities of this technique.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.004","usgsCitation":"Coble, M.A., Burgess, S.D., and Klemetti, E.W., 2017, New zircon (U-Th)/He and U/Pb eruption age for the Rockland tephra, western USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 172, p. 109-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"117","ipdsId":"IP-079677","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"172","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb5ce4b06e28e9c22fb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coble, Matthew A.","contributorId":200372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coble","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Seth D. 0000-0002-4238-3797 sburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-3797","contributorId":200371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Seth","email":"sburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klemetti, Erik W.","contributorId":139092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemetti","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12650,"text":"Denison University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190690,"text":"70190690 - 2017 - Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-13T14:53:16","indexId":"70190690","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent decades have seen a marked increase in the number of dams removed in the United States. Investigations following a number of removals are beginning to inform how, and how fast, rivers and their ecosystems respond to released sediment. Though only a few tens of studies detail physical responses to removals, common findings have begun to emerge. They include: (1) Rivers are resilient and respond quickly to dam removals, especially when removals are sudden rather than prolonged. Rivers can swiftly evacuate large fractions of reservoir sediment (≥50% within one year), especially when sediment is coarse grained (sand and gravel). The channel downstream typically takes months to years—not decades—to achieve a degree of stability within its range of natural variability. (2) Modest streamflows (&lt;2-year return interval flows) can erode and transport large amounts of reservoir sediment. Greater streamflows commonly are needed to access remnant reservoir sediment and transport it downstream. (3) Dam height, sediment volume, and sediment caliber strongly influence downstream response to dam removal. Removals of large dams (≥10 m tall) have had longer-lasting and more widespread downstream effects than more common removals of small dams. (4) Downstream valley morphology and position of a dam within a watershed influence the distribution of released sediment. Valley confinement, downstream channel gradient, locations and depths of channel pools, locations and geometries of extant channel bars, and locations of other reservoirs all influence the downstream fate of released sediment.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gravel bed rivers: Processes and disasters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9781118971437.ch13","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., East, A.E., O'Connor, J., Grant, G., Wilcox, A.C., Magirl, C.S., Collins, M.J., and Tullos, D.D., 2017, Geomorphic responses to dam removal in the United States – a two-decade perspective, chap. <i>of</i> Gravel bed rivers: Processes and disasters, p. 355-383, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118971437.ch13.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"383","ipdsId":"IP-061134","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b8e4b091459a5629b3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tsutsumi, Daizo","contributorId":196410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsutsumi","given":"Daizo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710273,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laronne, Jonathan B.","contributorId":91207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laronne","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710274,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilcox, Andrew C. 0000-0002-6241-8977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-8977","contributorId":195613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collins, Matthias J. 0000-0003-4238-2038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-2038","contributorId":196365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Matthias","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tullos, Desiree D.","contributorId":176667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullos","given":"Desiree","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70190689,"text":"70190689 - 2017 - The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T09:56:03","indexId":"70190689","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"PNW-GTR-954","title":"The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced a massive landslide and consequent pyroclastic currents, deposits of which blocked the outlet to Spirit Lake. Without an outlet, the lake began to rise, threatening a breaching of the blockage and release of a massive volume of water. To mitigate the hazard posed by the rising lake and provide an outlet, in 1984–1985 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers bored a 2.6-km (8,500-ft) long tunnel through a bedrock ridge on the western edge of the lake. Locally, the tunnel crosses weak rock along faults, and external pressures in these weak zones have caused rock heave and support failures, which have necessitated periodic major repairs. During its more than 30-year lifetime, the tunnel has maintained the level of Spirit Lake at a safe elevation. The lake approaches its maximum safe operating level only when the tunnel closes for repair. The most recent major repair in early 2016 highlights the need for a reliable outlet that does not require repeated and expensive interventions and extended closures. The U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and U.S. Geological Survey developed, reviewed, and analyzed an array of options for a long-term plan to remove the threat of catastrophic failure of the tunnel. In this report, we (1) provide background on natural hazards that can affect existing and alternative infrastructure; (2) evaluate the potential for tunnel failure and consequent breaching of the blockage posed by the current tunnel infrastructure; (3) evaluate potential consequences to downstream communities and infrastructure in the event of a catastrophic breaching of the blockage; (4) evaluate potential risks associated with alternative lake outlets; and (5) identify data and knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to fully evaluate options available to management.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Grant, G., Major, J.J., and Lewis, S.L., 2017, The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington: General Technical Report PNW-GTR-954, xi, 151 p.","productDescription":"xi, 151 p.","numberOfPages":"166","ipdsId":"IP-079716","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345658,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/54429"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens, Spirit Lake Outlet","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              46.13179086435745\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0416259765625,\n              46.13179086435745\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0416259765625,\n              46.319429593412906\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              46.319429593412906\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              46.13179086435745\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b9e4b091459a5629b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Sarah L. 0000-0002-1824-8739","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-8739","contributorId":196363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190682,"text":"70190682 - 2017 - Contact and contagion: Probability of transmission given contact varies with demographic state in bighorn sheep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T11:56:22","indexId":"70190682","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contact and contagion: Probability of transmission given contact varies with demographic state in bighorn sheep","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"jane12664-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\"><li>Understanding both contact and probability of transmission given contact are key to managing wildlife disease. However, wildlife disease research tends to focus on contact heterogeneity, in part because the probability of transmission given contact is notoriously difficult to measure. Here, we present a first step towards empirically investigating the probability of transmission given contact in free-ranging wildlife.</li><li>We used measured contact networks to test whether bighorn sheep demographic states vary systematically in infectiousness or susceptibility to<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae</i>, an agent responsible for bighorn sheep pneumonia.</li><li>We built covariates using contact network metrics, demographic information and infection status, and used logistic regression to relate those covariates to lamb survival. The covariate set contained degree, a classic network metric describing node centrality, but also included covariates breaking the network metrics into subsets that differentiated between contacts with yearlings, ewes with lambs, and ewes without lambs, and animals with and without active infections.</li><li>Yearlings, ewes with lambs, and ewes without lambs showed similar group membership patterns, but direct interactions involving touch occurred at a rate two orders of magnitude higher between lambs and reproductive ewes than between any classes of adults or yearlings, and one order of magnitude higher than direct interactions between multiple lambs.</li><li>Although yearlings and non-reproductive bighorn ewes regularly carried<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M. ovipneumoniae</i>, our models suggest that a contact with an infected reproductive ewe had approximately five times the odds of producing a lamb mortality event of an identical contact with an infected dry ewe or yearling. Consequently, management actions targeting infected animals might lead to unnecessary removal of young animals that carry pathogens but rarely transmit.</li><li>This analysis demonstrates a simple logistic regression approach for testing<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a priori</i>hypotheses about variation in the odds of transmission given contact for free-ranging hosts, and may be broadly applicable for investigations in wildlife disease ecology.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12664","usgsCitation":"Manlove, K.R., Cassirer, E.F., Plowright, R., Cross, P.C., and Hudson, P., 2017, Contact and contagion: Probability of transmission given contact varies with demographic state in bighorn sheep: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 86, no. 4, p. 908-920, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12664.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"908","endPage":"920","ipdsId":"IP-079432","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12664","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21de4b08b1644e0aed9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manlove, Kezia R.","contributorId":74651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manlove","given":"Kezia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cassirer, E. Frances","contributorId":23404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassirer","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Frances","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plowright, Raina K.","contributorId":23038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plowright","given":"Raina K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70191229,"text":"70191229 - 2017 - Climate change-driven cliff and beach evolution at decadal to centennial time scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-03T13:13:08","indexId":"70191229","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Climate change-driven cliff and beach evolution at decadal to centennial time scales","docAbstract":"<p>Here we develop a computationally efficient method that evolves cross-shore profiles of sand beaches with or without cliffs along natural and urban coastal environments and across expansive geographic areas at decadal to centennial time-scales driven by 21st century climate change projections. The model requires projected sea level rise rates, extrema of nearshore wave conditions, bluff recession and shoreline change rates, and cross-shore profiles representing present-day conditions. The model is applied to the ~470-km long coast of the Southern California Bight, USA, using recently available projected nearshore waves and bluff recession and shoreline change rates. The results indicate that eroded cliff material, from unarmored cliffs, contribute 11% to 26% to the total sediment budget. Historical beach nourishment rates will need to increase by more than 30% for a 0.25 m sea level rise (~2044) and by at least 75% by the year 2100 for a 1 m sea level rise, if evolution of the shoreline is to keep pace with rising sea levels. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings Coastal Dynamics 2017","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Dynamics 2017","conferenceDate":"June 12-16, 2017","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Dynamics 2017","publisherLocation":"Helsingør, Denmark","usgsCitation":"Erikson, L.H., O'Neill, A., Barnard, P., Vitousek, S., and Limber, P.W., 2017, Climate change-driven cliff and beach evolution at decadal to centennial time scales, <i>in</i> Proceedings Coastal Dynamics 2017, June 12-16, 2017, p. 125-136.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-086484","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346296,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://coastaldynamics2017.dk/proceedings.html"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d4a1a6e4b05fe04cc4e0ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":149963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Neill, Andrea C. 0000-0003-1656-4372 aoneill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1656-4372","contributorId":5351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Neill","given":"Andrea C.","email":"aoneill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean","contributorId":190192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Limber, Patrick W. 0000-0002-8207-3750 plimber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-3750","contributorId":196794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limber","given":"Patrick","email":"plimber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192872,"text":"70192872 - 2017 - Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T10:53:16","indexId":"70192872","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge","docAbstract":"This paper describes a project combining field studies and analyses directed at providing an assessment of the accuracy of remotely sensed methods for determining river characteristics such as velocity and discharge. In particular, we describe a remote sensing method for surface velocities using mid-wave thermal camera videography combined with image analysis. One of the critical problems in this work is determining a method for relating remotely measured water-surface velocities to vertically averaged velocities through a velocity index. We explore three similarity profiles that allow a relationship between surface and vertically averaged velocity to be found either using empirical results or simple roughness-to-depth ratios. To test the approaches we compare them in a situation where vertical structure is known over most of the flow depth through ADCP measurements. By determining best-fit profiles through the ADCP profiles, average values of the velocity index are found for the cross-sections where measurement were made. By comparing these to the predicted velocity indices from the three similarity profiles, we find that, although the differences between the various similarity profiles are substantial, they are smaller than differences associated with local nonuniformity and nonhydrostatic flow. Nevertheless, the velocity indices are accurate to about +/-5%, meaning that remotely sensed vertically averaged velocities can be computed to well within the current accuracy standard for such values when used for river gaging.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"E-proceedings of the 37th IAHR World Congress","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"37th IAHR World Congress","conferenceDate":"August 13-18, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","language":"English","publisher":"IAHR","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., Kinzel, P.J., Legleiter, C.J., McDonald, R.R., Overstreet, B., and Conaway, J.S., 2017, Using remotely sensed data to estimate river characteristics including water-surface velocity and discharge, <i>in</i> E-proceedings of the 37th IAHR World Congress, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, August 13-18, 2017, p. 1-10.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-085353","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iahrworldcongress.org/index.php/submission/congress-proceedings"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee804e4b0da30c1bfc3d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Overstreet, Brandon 0000-0001-7845-6671 boverstreet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7845-6671","contributorId":169201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"Brandon","email":"boverstreet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70195776,"text":"70195776 - 2017 - New Zealand supereruption provides time marker for the Last Glacial Maximum in Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-02T11:38:47","indexId":"70195776","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New Zealand supereruption provides time marker for the Last Glacial Maximum in Antarctica","docAbstract":"<p><span>Multiple, independent time markers are essential to correlate sediment and ice cores from the terrestrial, marine and glacial realms. These records constrain global paleoclimate reconstructions and inform future climate change scenarios. In the Northern Hemisphere, sub-visible layers of volcanic ash (cryptotephra) are valuable time markers due to their widespread dispersal and unique geochemical fingerprints. However, cryptotephra are not as widely identified in the Southern Hemisphere, leaving a gap in the climate record, particularly during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Here we report the first identification of New Zealand volcanic ash in Antarctic ice. The Oruanui supereruption from Taupo volcano (25,580  ±  258 cal. a BP) provides a key time marker for the LGM in the New Zealand sector of the SW Pacific. This finding provides a high-precision chronological link to mid-latitude terrestrial and marine sites, and sheds light on the long-distance transport of tephra in the Southern Hemisphere. As occurred after identification of the Alaskan White River Ash in northern Europe, recognition of ash from the Oruanui eruption in Antarctica dramatically increases the reach and value of tephrochronology, providing links among climate records in widely different geographic areas and depositional environments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-11758-0","usgsCitation":"Dunbar, N.W., Iverson, N.A., Van Eaton, A., Sigl, M., Alloway, B.V., Kurbatov, A., Mastin, L.G., McConnell, J.R., and Wilson, C.J., 2017, New Zealand supereruption provides time marker for the Last Glacial Maximum in Antarctica: Scientific Reports, v. 7, Article number: 12238; 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11758-0.","productDescription":"Article number: 12238; 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-088931","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11758-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee804e4b0da30c1bfc3d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunbar, Nelia W.","contributorId":140600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunbar","given":"Nelia","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Nels A.","contributorId":202862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Nels","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36537,"text":"EES Department, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":140076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa R.","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sigl, Michael","contributorId":140718,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sigl","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alloway, Brent V.","contributorId":202863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alloway","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":36538,"text":"School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kurbatov, Andrei V.","contributorId":202864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurbatov","given":"Andrei V.","affiliations":[{"id":36539,"text":"Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McConnell, Joseph R.","contributorId":191064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McConnell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, Colin J. N.","contributorId":202865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"J. N.","affiliations":[{"id":36540,"text":"Victoria University, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70190580,"text":"70190580 - 2017 - Abundant carbon in the mantle beneath Hawai`i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T15:56:45","indexId":"70190580","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundant carbon in the mantle beneath Hawai`i","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimates of carbon concentrations in Earth</span><span class=\"mb\">’</span><span>s mantle vary over more than an order of magnitude, hindering our ability to understand mantle structure and mineralogy, partial melting, and the carbon cycle. CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations in mantle-derived magmas supplying hotspot ocean island volcanoes yield our most direct constraints on mantle carbon, but are extensively modified by degassing during ascent. Here we show that undegassed magmatic and mantle carbon concentrations may be estimated in a Bayesian framework using diverse geologic information at an ocean island volcano. Our CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration estimates do not rely upon complex degassing models, geochemical tracer elements, assumed magma supply rates, or rare undegassed rock samples. Rather, we couple volcanic CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>emission rates with probabilistic magma supply rates, which are obtained indirectly from magma storage and eruption rates. We estimate that the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>content of mantle-derived magma supplying Hawai‘i</span><span class=\"mb\">’</span><span>s active volcanoes is 0.97</span><sub>−0.19</sub><sup>+0.25</sup><span>&nbsp;wt%—roughly 40% higher than previously believed—and is supplied from a mantle source region with a carbon concentration of 263</span><sub>−62</sub><sup>+81</sup><span class=\"mb\"><span class=\"mb\"> </span></span><span>ppm. Our results suggest that mantle plumes and ocean island basalts are carbon-rich. Our data also shed light on helium isotope abundances, CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>/Nb ratios, and may imply higher CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>emission rates from ocean island volcanoes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/ngeo3007","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K.R., and Poland, M.P., 2017, Abundant carbon in the mantle beneath Hawai`i: Nature Geoscience, v. 10, p. 704-708, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3007.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"704","endPage":"708","ipdsId":"IP-082423","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.2530517578125,\n              18.906286495910905\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.7698974609375,\n              18.906286495910905\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.7698974609375,\n              20.287961155077717\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.2530517578125,\n              20.287961155077717\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.2530517578125,\n              18.906286495910905\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b3ac32e4b08b1644d8f1b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70192611,"text":"70192611 - 2017 - Novel observations of larval fire survival, feeding behavior, and host plant use in the regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia (Drury) (Nymphalidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T11:28:55","indexId":"70192611","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2557,"text":"Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Novel observations of larval fire survival, feeding behavior, and host plant use in the regal fritillary, <i>Speyeria idalia</i> (Drury) (Nymphalidae)","title":"Novel observations of larval fire survival, feeding behavior, and host plant use in the regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia (Drury) (Nymphalidae)","docAbstract":"<p><i>Speyeria idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is a prairie specialist that has experienced dramatic population declines throughout its range.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Speyeria idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is nearly extirpated from the eastern portion of its former range; however, populations within Kansas are relatively stable. We made several previously undescribed field observations of late-instar larvae and post-diapause female<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S.</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in northeastern Kansas during 2014–2016. We report finding late-instar larvae at locations that were burned within weeks of detection. The observations of larvae shortly following a burn suggests that<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span>.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>larvae are capable of surviving fire and contradicts our current knowledge of this species. Additionally, we describe a feeding behavior characteristic of late-instar larvae. Larvae observed in the field and lab stripped leaves of host plants leaving only stems. This strip-style feeding behavior provided unique feeding evidence that was valuable to detecting the presence of larvae in the field. Finally, we documented larvae and post-diapause, egg depositing females using<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Viola sororia.</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>The use of this relatively widespread and common plant by<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S.</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>populations in the Central Great Plains has only been implicitly documented but may have important conservation implications. These novel observations further our knowledge of the ecology of this imperiled species and provide timely information that may improve research and conservation management efforts directed toward<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span>.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>idalia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Lepidopterists’ Society","doi":"10.18473/lepi.71i3.a4","usgsCitation":"McCullough, K., Albanese, G., and Haukos, D.A., 2017, Novel observations of larval fire survival, feeding behavior, and host plant use in the regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia (Drury) (Nymphalidae): Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, v. 71, no. 3, p. 146-152, https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.71i3.a4.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-083286","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8c9e4b09af898c860ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCullough, Kelsey","contributorId":200244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albanese, Gene","contributorId":200245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albanese","given":"Gene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190550,"text":"70190550 - 2017 - Conservation endocrinology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-07T12:14:30","indexId":"70190550","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation endocrinology","docAbstract":"<p><span>Endocrinologists can make significant contributions to conservation biology by helping to understand the mechanisms by which organisms cope with changing environments. Field endocrine techniques have advanced rapidly in recent years and can provide substantial information on the growth, stress, and reproductive status of individual animals, thereby providing insight into current and future responses of populations to changes in the environment. Environmental stressors and reproductive status can be detected nonlethally by measuring a number of endocrine-related endpoints, including steroids in plasma, living and nonliving tissue, urine, and feces. Information on the environmental or endocrine requirements of individual species for normal growth, development, and reproduction will provide critical information for species and ecosystem conservation. For many taxa, basic information on endocrinology is lacking, and advances in conservation endocrinology will require approaches that are both “basic” and “applied” and include integration of laboratory and field approaches.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/biosci/bix026","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S.D., and Romero, L.M., 2017, Conservation endocrinology: BioScience, v. 67, no. 5, p. 429-442, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix026.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"442","ipdsId":"IP-082385","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25b00e4b020cdf7db1fb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romero, L. Michael","contributorId":196256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romero","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70190466,"text":"70190466 - 2017 - Characterization of Monkeypox virus infection in African rope squirrels (Funisciurus sp.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:39:28.289099","indexId":"70190466","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5023,"text":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Characterization of <i>Monkeypox virus</i> infection in African rope squirrels (<i>Funisciurus sp.</i>)","title":"Characterization of Monkeypox virus infection in African rope squirrels (Funisciurus sp.)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa and is caused by&nbsp;</span><i>Monkeypox virus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(MPXV), the most virulent<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Orthopoxvirus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>affecting humans since the eradication of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Variola virus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(VARV). Many aspects of the MPXV transmission cycle, including the natural host of the virus, remain unknown. African rope squirrels (</span><i>Funisciurus spp</i><span>.) are considered potential reservoirs of MPXV, as serosurveillance data in Central Africa has confirmed the circulation of the virus in these rodent species</span><span>. In order to understand the tissue tropism and clinical signs associated with infection with MPXV in these species, wild-caught rope squirrels were experimentally infected via intranasal and intradermal exposure with a recombinant MPXV strain from Central Africa engineered to express the luciferase gene. After infection, we monitored viral replication and shedding via<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>in vivo</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>bioluminescent imaging, viral culture and real time PCR. MPXV infection in African rope squirrels caused mortality and moderate to severe morbidity, with clinical signs including pox lesions in the skin, eyes, mouth and nose, dyspnea, and profuse nasal discharge. Both intranasal and intradermal exposures induced high levels of viremia, fast systemic spread, and long periods of viral shedding. Shedding and luminescence peaked at day 6 post infection and was still detectable after 15 days. Interestingly, one sentinel animal, housed in the same room but in a separate cage, also developed severe MPX disease and was euthanized. This study indicates that MPXV causes significant pathology in African rope squirrels and infected rope squirrels shed large quantities of virus, supporting their role as a potential source of MPXV transmission to humans and other animals in endemic MPX regions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0005809","usgsCitation":"Falendysz, E., Lopera, J.G., Doty, J.B., Nakazawa, Y.J., Crill, C., Lorenzsonn, F., Kalemba, L.N., Ronderos, M., Meija, A., Malekani, J.M., Karem, K.L., Caroll, D., Osorio, J.E., and Rocke, T.E., 2017, Characterization of Monkeypox virus infection in African rope squirrels (Funisciurus sp.): PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 11, no. 8, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005809.","productDescription":"e0005809; 23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-087668","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469557,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005809","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345421,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418364,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GH9GGM","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Monkeypox challenge of rope squirrels: data"}],"country":"Republic of the Congo","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              17.839769957792612,\n              0.23815024003401675\n            ],\n            [\n              17.98214158904591,\n              0.3734013322288092\n            ],\n      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,{"id":70189769,"text":"ofr20171095 - 2017 - Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T11:32:02","indexId":"ofr20171095","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1095","title":"Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>A hydrologic monitoring network was installed to investigate landslide hazards affecting the railway corridor along the eastern shore of Puget Sound between Seattle and Everett, near Mukilteo, Washington. During the summer of 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey installed monitoring equipment at four sites equipped with instrumentation to measure rainfall and air temperature every 15 minutes. Two of the four sites are installed on contrasting coastal bluffs, one landslide scarred and one vegetated. At these two sites, in addition to rainfall and air temperature, volumetric water content, pore pressure, soil suction, soil temperature, and barometric pressure were measured every 15 minutes. The instrumentation was designed to supplement landslide-rainfall thresholds developed by the U.S. Geological Survey with a long-term goal of advancing the understanding of the relationship between landslide potential and hydrologic forcing along the coastal bluffs. Additionally, the system was designed to function as a prototype monitoring system to evaluate criteria for site selection, instrument selection, and placement of instruments. The purpose of this report is to describe the monitoring system, present the data collected since installation, and describe significant events represented within the dataset, which is published as a separate data release. The findings provide insight for building and configuring larger, modular monitoring networks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171095","collaboration":"Prepared as part of a Technical Assistance Agreement with Sound Transit","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., Baum, R.L., Mirus, B.B., Michel, A.R., and Stark, B., 2017, Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1095, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171095.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 48 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086276","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1095/ofr20171095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1095"},{"id":345112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1095/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85WX","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Results of hydrologic monitoring on landslide-prone coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Mukilteo","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              47.87352572966863\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29225158691406,\n              47.87352572966863\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29225158691406,\n              47.954064687296885\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              47.954064687296885\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35748291015625,\n              47.87352572966863\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/\">Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, MS-966<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Preface</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Previous Work</li><li>Site Descriptions</li><li>Field Instrumentation</li><li>System Reliability and Recommended Improvements</li><li>Data Preparation for Analysis and Release</li><li>Overview of Acquired Data</li><li>Conclusion</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Datalogger Programs</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a9203de4b07e1a023ccd91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michel, Abigail R.","contributorId":195122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michel","given":"Abigail","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stark, Ben","contributorId":195123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stark","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70190369,"text":"70190369 - 2017 - Increasing rock-avalanche size and mobility in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska detected from 1984 to 2016 Landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-09T11:37:14","indexId":"70190369","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T11:29:23","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing rock-avalanche size and mobility in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska detected from 1984 to 2016 Landsat imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the USA, climate change is expected to have an adverse impact on slope stability in Alaska. However, to date, there has been limited work done in Alaska to assess if changes in slope stability are occurring. To address this issue, we used 30-m Landsat imagery acquired from 1984 to 2016 to establish an inventory of 24 rock avalanches in a 5000-km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;area of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in southeast Alaska. A search of available earthquake catalogs revealed that none of the avalanches were triggered by earthquakes. Analyses of rock-avalanche magnitude, mobility, and frequency reveal a cluster of large (areas ranging from 5.5 to 22.2&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>), highly mobile (height/length&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.3) rock avalanches that occurred from June 2012 through June 2016 (near the end of the 33-year period of record). These rock avalanches began about 2&nbsp; years after the long-term trend in mean annual maximum air temperature may have exceeded 0&nbsp;°C. Possibly more important, most of these rock avalanches occurred during a multiple-year period of record-breaking warm winter and spring air temperatures. These observations suggested to us that rock avalanches in the study area may be becoming larger because of rock-permafrost degradation. However, other factors, such as accumulating elastic strain, glacial thinning, and increased precipitation, may also play an important role in preconditioning slopes for failure during periods of warm temperatures.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-017-0879-7","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., Bessette-Kirton, E., and Geertsema, M., 2017, Increasing rock-avalanche size and mobility in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska detected from 1984 to 2016 Landsat imagery: Landslides, v. 15, no. 3, p. 393-407, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-017-0879-7.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"407","ipdsId":"IP-084975","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-017-0879-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -138.504638671875,\n              58.10110549730587\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.6427001953125,\n              58.10110549730587\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.6427001953125,\n              59.14213494974261\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.504638671875,\n              59.14213494974261\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.504638671875,\n              58.10110549730587\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bessette-Kirton, Erin 0000-0002-2797-0694 ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-0694","contributorId":177153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessette-Kirton","given":"Erin","email":"ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geertsema, M. 0000-0002-4650-8251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-8251","contributorId":167412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geertsema","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190432,"text":"70190432 - 2017 - Lessons from the Tōhoku tsunami: A model for island avifauna conservation prioritization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T14:36:12","indexId":"70190432","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from the Tōhoku tsunami: A model for island avifauna conservation prioritization","docAbstract":"<p><span>Earthquake-generated tsunamis threaten coastal areas and low-lying islands with sudden flooding. Although human hazards and infrastructure damage have been well documented for tsunamis in recent decades, the effects on wildlife communities rarely have been quantified. We describe a tsunami that hit the world's largest remaining tropical seabird rookery and estimate the effects of sudden flooding on 23 bird species nesting on Pacific islands more than 3,800&nbsp;km from the epicenter. We used global positioning systems, tide gauge data, and satellite imagery to quantify characteristics of the Tōhoku earthquake-generated tsunami (11 March 2011) and its inundation extent across four Hawaiian Islands. We estimated short-term effects of sudden flooding to bird communities using spatially explicit data from Midway Atoll and Laysan Island, Hawai'i. We describe variation in species vulnerability based on breeding phenology, nesting habitat, and life history traits. The tsunami inundated 21%–100% of each island's area at Midway Atoll and Laysan Island. Procellariformes (albatrosses and petrels) chick and egg losses exceeded 258,500 at Midway Atoll while albatross chick losses at Laysan Island exceeded 21,400. The tsunami struck at night and during the peak of nesting for 14 colonial seabird species. Strongly philopatric Procellariformes were vulnerable to the tsunami. Nonmigratory, endemic, endangered Laysan Teal (</span><i>Anas laysanensis</i><span>) were sensitive to ecosystem effects such as habitat changes and carcass-initiated epizootics of avian botulism, and its populations declined approximately 40% on both atolls post-tsunami. Catastrophic flooding of Pacific islands occurs periodically not only from tsunamis, but also from storm surge and rainfall; with sea-level rise, the frequency of sudden flooding events will likely increase. As invasive predators occupy habitat on higher elevation Hawaiian Islands and globally important avian populations are concentrated on low-lying islands, additional conservation strategies may be warranted to increase resilience of island biodiversity encountering tsunamis and rising sea levels.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.3092","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.H., Berkowitz, P., Klavitter, J., and Courtot, K., 2017, Lessons from the Tōhoku tsunami: A model for island avifauna conservation prioritization: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 13, p. 5873-5890, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3092.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5873","endPage":"5890","ipdsId":"IP-079977","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469575,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3092","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F708647F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Northwestern Hawaiian Islands: Impacts to Avifauna from the Tohoku Tsunami 2011"},{"id":345381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a9203fe4b07e1a023ccd9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Michelle H. 0000-0001-7253-8158 mreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":3871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Michelle","email":"mreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berkowitz, Paul","contributorId":192592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berkowitz","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klavitter, John","contributorId":196052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klavitter","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70197038,"text":"70197038 - 2017 - Hydrologic regimes as potential drivers of morphologic divergence in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-15T08:50:08","indexId":"70197038","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1603,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic regimes as potential drivers of morphologic divergence in fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fishes often exhibit phenotypic divergence across gradients of abiotic and biotic selective pressures. In streams, many of the known selective pressures driving phenotypic differentiation are largely influenced by hydrologic regimes. Because flow regimes drive so many attributes of lotic systems, we hypothesized fish exhibit phenotypic divergence among streams with different flow regimes. We used a comparative field study to investigate the morphological divergence of&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Campostoma anomalom</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(central stonerollers) among streams characterized by highly variable, intermittent flow regimes and streams characterized by relatively stable, groundwater flow regimes. We also conducted a mesocosm experiment to compare the plastic effects of one component of flow regimes, water velocity, on morphology of fish from different flow regimes. We observed differences in shape between flow regimes likely driven by differences in allometric growth patterns. Although we observed differences in morphology across flow regimes in the field,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">C. anomalum</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>did not exhibit morphologic plasticity in response to water velocity alone. This study contributes to the understanding of how complex environmental factors drive phenotypic divergence and may provide insight into the evolutionary consequences of disrupting natural hydrologic patterns, which are increasingly threatened by climate change and anthropogenic alterations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International","doi":"10.1007/s10682-017-9897-0","usgsCitation":"Bruckerhoff, L., and Magoulick, D.D., 2017, Hydrologic regimes as potential drivers of morphologic divergence in fish: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 517-531, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-017-9897-0.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"531","ipdsId":"IP-073023","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee805e4b0da30c1bfc3de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruckerhoff, Lindsey","contributorId":204873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruckerhoff","given":"Lindsey","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70190442,"text":"70190442 - 2017 - Extension of the analytical window for characterizing aromatic compounds in oils using a comprehensive suite of high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques and double bond equivalence versus carbon number plot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T12:20:21","indexId":"70190442","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extension of the analytical window for characterizing aromatic compounds in oils using a comprehensive suite of high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques and double bond equivalence versus carbon number plot","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study, comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS), and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) were used to study the aromatic fractions of crude oil and oil shale pyrolysates (shale oils). The collected data were compared and combined in the double bond equivalence (DBE) versus carbon number plot to obtain a more complete understanding of the composition of the oil fractions. The numbers of peaks observed by each technique followed the order 2D GC–MS &lt; Orbitrap MS &lt; FT-ICR MS. The class distributions observed by Orbitrap MS and FT-ICR MS were similar to each other but different from that observed by 2D GC–MS. The DBE and carbon number distributions of the 2D GC–MS and Orbitrap MS data were similar for crude oil aromatics. The FT-ICR MS plots of DBE and carbon number showed an extended range of higher values relative to the other methods. For the aromatic fraction of an oil shale pyrolysate generated by the Fischer assay, only a few nitrogen-containing compounds were observed by 2D GC–MS but a large number of these compounds were detected by Orbitrap MS and FT-ICR MS. This comparison clearly shows that the data obtained from these three techniques can be combined to more completely characterize oil composition. The data obtained by Orbitrap MS and FT-ICR MS agreed well with one another, and the combined DBE versus carbon number plot provided more complete coverage of compounds present in the fractions. In addition, the chemical structure information provided by 2D GC–MS could be matched with the chemical formulas in the DBE versus carbon number plots, providing information not available in ultrahigh-resolution MS results. It was therefore concluded that the combination of 2D GC–MS, Orbitrap MS, and FT-ICR MS in the DBE versus carbon number space facilitates structural assignment of heavy oil components.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00962","usgsCitation":"Cho, Y., Birdwell, J.E., Hur, M., Lee, J., Kim, B., and Kim, S., 2017, Extension of the analytical window for characterizing aromatic compounds in oils using a comprehensive suite of high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques and double bond equivalence versus carbon number plot: Energy & Fuels, v. 31, no. 8, p. 7874-7883, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00962.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7874","endPage":"7883","ipdsId":"IP-085425","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a9203ee4b07e1a023ccd99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cho, Yunju","contributorId":127785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cho","given":"Yunju","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7153,"text":"Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hur, Manhoi","contributorId":177161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hur","given":"Manhoi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Joonhee","contributorId":196065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Joonhee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, Byungjoo","contributorId":196063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Byungjoo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kim, Sunghwan","contributorId":196064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Sunghwan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70190337,"text":"70190337 - 2017 - Late Quaternary environmental dynamics in the Atacama Desert reconstructed from rodent midden pollen records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T12:45:16","indexId":"70190337","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2437,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary environmental dynamics in the Atacama Desert reconstructed from rodent midden pollen records","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the past two decades, much has been learned about the late Quaternary climate history of the Atacama Desert with some details still unclear about the seasonality, timing and extent of wet and dry phases. Modern climate studies reveal that, far from exhibiting a unique pattern, seasonal precipitation originates from many sources and mechanisms. For the last 16 ka, we attempt to sort out these complexities in pollen records from four fossil rodent midden series spanning 22°–25°S in northern Chile. Widespread wet conditions prevailed during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, particularly between 13 and 9 ka, evidenced by &lt;400 m lowering of pollen zones (plant communities) compared to today. Regional differences in the timing and magnitude of this displacement may be related to the prevailing source (tropical/extra‐tropical) or mode (NNW/SE) of tropical precipitation through time. Wet conditions persisted well into the early Holocene, lasting ∼1–1.5 ka longer than previously suggested. The pollen record suggests extreme drying ∼8 ka, possibly associated with a northward shift of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone, tracking minimum insolation values at subtropical latitudes during the austral summer. The establishment of conditions similar to today happened ∼4 ka.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jqs.2980","usgsCitation":"de Porras, M., Maldonado, A., De Pol-Holz, R., Latorre, C., and Betancourt, J.L., 2017, Late Quaternary environmental dynamics in the Atacama Desert reconstructed from rodent midden pollen records: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 32, no. 6, p. 665-684, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2980.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"665","endPage":"684","ipdsId":"IP-087325","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atacama Desert ","volume":"32","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee805e4b0da30c1bfc3e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"de Porras, M.E.","contributorId":195882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Porras","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maldonado, A.","contributorId":195883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maldonado","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Pol-Holz, R.","contributorId":195884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Pol-Holz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Latorre, C.","contributorId":195885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latorre","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70190429,"text":"70190429 - 2017 - Long-term dynamics and characteristics of snags created for wildlife habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:50:20","indexId":"70190429","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term dynamics and characteristics of snags created for wildlife habitat","docAbstract":"<p><span>Snags provide essential habitat for numerous organisms and are therefore critical to the long-term maintenance of forest biodiversity. Resource managers often use snag creation to mitigate the purposeful removal of snags at the time of harvest, but information regarding how created snags change over long timescales (&gt;20</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>y) is absent from the literature. In this study, we evaluated the extent to which characteristics of large (&gt;30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>cm diameter at breast height [DBH]) Douglas-fir (</span><i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i><span>) snags created by topping had changed after 25–27</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>y. We also tested whether different harvest treatments and snag configurations influenced present-day snag characteristics. Of 690 snags created in 1989–1991, 91% remained standing during contemporary surveys and 65% remained unbroken along the bole. Although most snags were standing, we detected increased bark loss and breaking along the bole relative to prior surveys conducted on the same pool of snags. Although snag characteristics were not strongly influenced by snag configuration, we found that snags in one harvest treatment (group selection) experienced less bark loss and had lower evidence of use by cavity-nesting birds (as measured by total cavity cover) relative to snags created with clearcut and two-story harvest treatments. Our results indicate that Douglas-fir snags created by topping can remain standing for long time-periods (≥25</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>y) in managed forests, and that the influence of harvest treatment on decay patterns and subsequent use by wildlife is an important consideration when intentionally creating snags for wildlife habitat.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2017.07.049","usgsCitation":"Barry, A.M., Hagar, J., and Rivers, J.W., 2017, Long-term dynamics and characteristics of snags created for wildlife habitat: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 403, no. 1, p. 145-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.07.049.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"151","ipdsId":"IP-087640","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.07.049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75M64MC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Created snag characteristics and cavity-nesting bird associations in the CFIRP stands, McDonald-Dunn Research Forest, Corvallis, OR, USA, 2016"},{"id":345380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"403","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a9203fe4b07e1a023ccda0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barry, Amy M.","contributorId":196050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barry","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7005,"text":"Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagar, Joan 0000-0002-3044-6607 joan_hagar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-6607","contributorId":3369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"Joan","email":"joan_hagar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rivers, James W.","contributorId":23072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7005,"text":"Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190425,"text":"70190425 - 2017 - Simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients with fatty acid signature data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:06:56","indexId":"70190425","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients with fatty acid signature data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Knowledge of animal diets provides essential insights into their life history and ecology, although diet estimation is challenging and remains an active area of research. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) has become a popular method of estimating diet composition, especially for marine species. A primary assumption of QFASA is that constants called calibration coefficients, which account for the differential metabolism of individual fatty acids, are known. In practice, however, calibration coefficients are not known, but rather have been estimated in feeding trials with captive animals of a limited number of model species. The impossibility of verifying the accuracy of feeding trial derived calibration coefficients to estimate the diets of wild animals is a foundational problem with QFASA that has generated considerable criticism. We present a new model that allows simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients based only on fatty acid signature samples from wild predators and potential prey. Our model performed almost flawlessly in four tests with constructed examples, estimating both diet proportions and calibration coefficients with essentially no error. We also applied the model to data from Chukchi Sea polar bears, obtaining diet estimates that were more diverse than estimates conditioned on feeding trial calibration coefficients. Our model avoids bias in diet estimates caused by conditioning on inaccurate calibration coefficients, invalidates the primary criticism of QFASA, eliminates the need to conduct feeding trials solely for diet estimation, and consequently expands the utility of fatty acid data to investigate aspects of ecology linked to animal diets.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.3179","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., Budge, S.M., Thiemann, G.W., and Rode, K.D., 2017, Simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients with fatty acid signature data: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 16, p. 6103-6113, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3179.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"6103","endPage":"6113","ipdsId":"IP-082762","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3179","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced1e4b0fd9b77d0929f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budge, Suzanne M.","contributorId":92168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Budge","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24650,"text":"Dalhousie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiemann, Gregory W.","contributorId":83023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiemann","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27291,"text":"York University, Toronto, ON","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70190406,"text":"70190406 - 2017 - Prediction of forest canopy and surface fuels from Lidar and satellite time series data in a bark beetle-affected forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:09:12","indexId":"70190406","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction of forest canopy and surface fuels from Lidar and satellite time series data in a bark beetle-affected forest","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildfire behavior depends on the type, quantity, and condition of fuels, and the effect that bark beetle outbreaks have on fuels is a topic of current research and debate. Remote sensing can provide estimates of fuels across landscapes, although few studies have estimated surface fuels from remote sensing data. Here we predicted and mapped field-measured canopy and surface fuels from light detection and ranging (lidar) and Landsat time series explanatory variables via random forest (RF) modeling across a coniferous montane forest in Colorado, USA, which was affected by mountain pine beetles (</span><i>Dendroctonus ponderosae</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>Hopkins) approximately six years prior. We examined relationships between mapped fuels and the severity of tree mortality with correlation tests. RF models explained 59%, 48%, 35%, and 70% of the variation in available canopy fuel, canopy bulk density, canopy base height, and canopy height, respectively (percent root-mean-square error (%RMSE) = 12–54%). Surface fuels were predicted less accurately, with models explaining 24%, 28%, 32%, and 30% of the variation in litter and duff, 1 to 100-h, 1000-h, and total surface fuels, respectively (%RMSE = 37–98%). Fuel metrics were negatively correlated with the severity of tree mortality, except canopy base height, which increased with greater tree mortality. Our results showed how bark beetle-caused tree mortality significantly reduced canopy fuels in our study area. We demonstrated that lidar and Landsat time series data contain substantial information about canopy and surface fuels and can be used for large-scale efforts to monitor and map fuel loads for fire behavior modeling at a landscape scale.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f8090322","usgsCitation":"Bright, B.C., Hudak, A.T., Meddens, A.J., Hawbaker, T., Briggs, J.S., and Kennedy, R.E., 2017, Prediction of forest canopy and surface fuels from Lidar and satellite time series data in a bark beetle-affected forest: Forests, v. 9, no. 8, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.3390/f8090322.","productDescription":"Article 322; 22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-086687","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f8090322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.04415893554688,\n              39.904469075530415\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.70220947265625,\n              39.904469075530415\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.70220947265625,\n              40.32246702124231\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.04415893554688,\n              40.32246702124231\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.04415893554688,\n              39.904469075530415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced1e4b0fd9b77d092a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bright, Benjamin C.","contributorId":196021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudak, Andrew T.","contributorId":196022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudak","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meddens, Arjan J.H.","contributorId":140349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meddens","given":"Arjan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.H.","affiliations":[{"id":13466,"text":"Univ. of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Jenny S. 0000-0001-7454-6928 jsbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-6928","contributorId":3087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Jenny","email":"jsbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kennedy, Robert E.","contributorId":196025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70190405,"text":"70190405 - 2017 - Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T12:39:37","indexId":"70190405","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5377,"text":"Marine Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mesopelagic fishes represent an important component of the marine food web due to their global distributions, high abundances and ability to transport organic material throughout a large part of the water column. This study combined stable isotope (SIAs) and gut content analyses (GCAs) to characterize the trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. Additionally, this study examined whether mesopelagic fishes utilized chemosynthetic energy from cold seeps. Specimens were collected (9–25 August 2007) over three deep (&gt;1,000&nbsp;m) cold seeps at discrete depths (surface to 1,503&nbsp;m) over the diurnal cycle. GCA classified 31 species (five families) of mesopelagic fishes into five feeding guilds: piscivores, large crustacean consumers, copepod consumers, generalists and mixed zooplanktivores. However, these guilds were less clearly defined based on stable isotope mixing model (MixSIAR) results, suggesting diets may be more mixed over longer time periods (weeks–months) and across co-occurring species. Copepods were likely important for the majority of mesopelagic fishes, consistent with GCA (this study) and previous literature. MixSIAR results also identified non-crustacean prey items, including salps and pteropods, as potentially important prey items for mesopelagic fishes, including those fishes not analysed in GCA (</span><i>Sternoptyx</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spp. and Melamphaidae). Salps and other soft-bodied species are often missed in GCAs. Mesopelagic fishes had δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C results consistent with particulate organic matter serving as the baseline organic carbon source, fueling up to three trophic levels. Fishes that undergo diel vertical migration were depleted in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>15</sup><span>N relative to weak migrators, consistent with depth-specific isotope trends in sources and consumers, and assimilation of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>15</sup><span>N-depleted organic matter in surface waters. Linear correlations between fish size and δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N values suggested ontogenetic changes in fish diets for several species. While there was no direct measure of mesopelagic fishes assimilating chemosynthetic material, detection of infrequent consumption of this food resource may be hindered by the assimilation of isotopically enriched photosynthetic organic matter. By utilizing multiple dietary metrics (</span><i>e.g</i><span>. GCA, δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C, δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N, MixSIAR), this study better defined the trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes and allowed for insights on feeding, ultimately providing useful baseline information from which to track mesopelagic trophodynamics over time and space.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/maec.12449","usgsCitation":"McClain-Counts, J.P., Demopoulos, A.W., and Ross, S., 2017, Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses: Marine Ecology, v. 38, no. 4, Article e12449; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12449.","productDescription":"Article e12449; 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-074617","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7891407","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analyses"},{"id":345328,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced2e4b0fd9b77d092ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClain-Counts, Jennifer P. 0000-0002-3383-5472 jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3383-5472","contributorId":4745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain-Counts","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694 ademopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":145681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"ademopoulos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190427,"text":"70190427 - 2017 - Logistic quantile regression provides improved estimates for bounded avian counts: A case study of California Spotted Owl fledgling production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T15:10:36","indexId":"70190427","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Logistic quantile regression provides improved estimates for bounded avian counts: A case study of California Spotted Owl fledgling production","docAbstract":"<p><span>Counts of avian fledglings, nestlings, or clutch size that are bounded below by zero and above by some small integer form a discrete random variable distribution that is not approximated well by conventional parametric count distributions such as the Poisson or negative binomial. We developed a logistic quantile regression model to provide estimates of the empirical conditional distribution of a bounded discrete random variable. The logistic quantile regression model requires that counts are randomly jittered to a continuous random variable, logit transformed to bound them between specified lower and upper values, then estimated in conventional linear quantile regression, repeating the 3 steps and averaging estimates. Back-transformation to the original discrete scale relies on the fact that quantiles are equivariant to monotonic transformations. We demonstrate this statistical procedure by modeling 20 years of California Spotted Owl fledgling production (0−3 per territory) on the Lassen National Forest, California, USA, as related to climate, demographic, and landscape habitat characteristics at territories. Spotted Owl fledgling counts increased nonlinearly with decreasing precipitation in the early nesting period, in the winter prior to nesting, and in the prior growing season; with increasing minimum temperatures in the early nesting period; with adult compared to subadult parents; when there was no fledgling production in the prior year; and when percentage of the landscape surrounding nesting sites (202 ha) with trees ≥25 m height increased. Changes in production were primarily driven by changes in the proportion of territories with 2 or 3 fledglings. Average variances of the discrete cumulative distributions of the estimated fledgling counts indicated that temporal changes in climate and parent age class explained 18% of the annual variance in owl fledgling production, which was 34% of the total variance. Prior fledgling production explained as much of the variance in the fledgling counts as climate, parent age class, and landscape habitat predictors. Our logistic quantile regression model can be used for any discrete response variables with fixed upper and lower bounds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-16-195.1","usgsCitation":"Cade, B.S., Noon, B.R., Scherer, R.D., and Keane, J.J., 2017, Logistic quantile regression provides improved estimates for bounded avian counts: A case study of California Spotted Owl fledgling production: The Auk, v. 134, no. 4, p. 783-801, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-16-195.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"783","endPage":"801","ipdsId":"IP-073770","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-16-195.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DR2SZR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"California spotted owl fledgling counts, climate, and landscape habitat at territories on the Lassen National Forest, CA 1991-2010"},{"id":345372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced0e4b0fd9b77d0929a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noon, Barry R.","contributorId":119751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scherer, Rick D.","contributorId":97368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keane, John J.","contributorId":196049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keane","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70190202,"text":"fs20173066 - 2017 - Biological and ecological science for Florida—The Sunshine State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T09:08:42","indexId":"fs20173066","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3066","title":"Biological and ecological science for Florida—The Sunshine State","docAbstract":"<p>Florida is rich in sunshine and other natural resources essential to the State's economy. More than 100 million tourists visit Florida's beaches, wetlands, forests, oceans, lakes, and streams where they generate billions of dollars and sustain more than a million jobs. Florida also provides habitat for several thousand freshwater and marine fish, mammals, birds, and other wildlife that are viewed, hunted, or fished, or that provide valuable ecological services. Fertile soils and freshwater supplies support agriculture and forest industries and generate more than $8 billion of revenue annually and sustain thousands of jobs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173066","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2017, Biological and ecological science for Florida—The Sunshine State: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017-3066, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173066.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087947","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345375,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3066/fs20173066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3066"},{"id":345374,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3066/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/ecosystems/\" target=\"blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/ecosystems/\">Ecosystems Mission Area</a><br> <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/ask/\" target=\"blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/ask/\">https://www.usgs.gov/ask/</a><br> 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>The USGS Ecosystems Mission Area<br></li><li>Charismatic Sea Turtles<br></li><li>Big Reptile Problem<br></li><li>Keeping Tabs on Biological Threats<br></li><li>The Science of Slime<br></li><li>Recovery of Florida’s State Marine Mammal<br></li><li>Informing Everglades Restoration<br></li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-08-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced2e4b0fd9b77d092b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":707947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}