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Thus, the definition of appropriate management regimes that maintain the multiple functions of mountain regions in a time of greatly changing climatic, economic, and societal drivers constitutes a significant challenge. Management decisions must be based on a sound understanding of the future dynamics of these systems. The present article reviews the elements required for an integrated effort to project the impacts of global change on mountain regions, and recommends tools that can be used at 3 scientific levels (essential, improved, and optimum). The proposed strategy is evaluated with respect to UNESCO's network of Mountain Biosphere Reserves (MBRs), with the intention of implementing it in other mountain regions as well. First, methods for generating scenarios of key drivers of global change are reviewed, including land use/land cover and climate change. This is followed by a brief review of the models available for projecting the impacts of these scenarios on (1) cryospheric systems, (2) ecosystem structure and diversity, and (3) ecosystem functions such as carbon and water relations. Finally, the cross-cutting role of remote sensing techniques is evaluated with respect to both monitoring and modeling efforts. We conclude that a broad range of techniques is available for both scenario generation and impact assessments, many of which can be implemented without much capacity building across many or even most MBRs. However, to foster implementation of the proposed strategy, further efforts are required to establish partnerships between scientists and resource managers in mountain areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Mountain Society","doi":"10.1659/0276-4741(2007)27[66:MTBIOG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bugmann, H., Bjornsen, F.E., Haeberli, W., Guisan, A., Fagre, D.B., and Kaab, A., 2007, Modeling the biophysical impacts of global change in mountain biosphere reserves: Mountain Research and Development, v. 27, no. 1, p. 66-77, https://doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2007)27[66:MTBIOG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2007)27[66:mtbiog]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5673eac5e4b0da412f4f8257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bugmann, H.K.M.","contributorId":114118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugmann","given":"H.K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjornsen, F. Ewert","contributorId":150635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjornsen","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ewert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeberli, W.","contributorId":112978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeberli","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guisan, Antoine","contributorId":47943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guisan","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaab, A.","contributorId":150636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaab","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70160298,"text":"70160298 - 2007 - Modeling and monitoring biophysical dynamics and change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T08:26:51","indexId":"70160298","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-14T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Modeling and monitoring biophysical dynamics and change","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sustaining Rocky Mountain landscapes: Science, policy and management of the Crown of the Continent ecosystem","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Routledge","usgsCitation":"Fagre, D.B., 2007, Modeling and monitoring biophysical dynamics and change, chap. <i>of</i> Sustaining Rocky Mountain landscapes: Science, policy and management of the Crown of the Continent ecosystem, p. 171-186.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312345,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.routledge.com/products/9781933115467"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Alberta, British Columbia, Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.06933593749999,\n              55.677584411089526\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.26660156249999,\n              55.45394132943307\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.3779296875,\n              49.439556958940855\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.83984375,\n              47.84265762816535\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.2138671875,\n              43.77109381775651\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.763671875,\n              43.229195113965005\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3466796875,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.984375,\n              43.67581809328341\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.818359375,\n              50.14874640066278\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9169921875,\n              51.944264879028765\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.90527343750001,\n              54.18815548107151\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.17968749999999,\n              55.45394132943307\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06933593749999,\n              55.677584411089526\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56729944e4b01a7f82451dac","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Prato, Tony","contributorId":97394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prato","given":"Tony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582459,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582460,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70160322,"text":"70160322 - 2007 - A simple solar radiation index for wildlife habitat studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T18:27:57","indexId":"70160322","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-06T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple solar radiation index for wildlife habitat studies","docAbstract":"<p>Solar radiation is a potentially important covariate in many wildlife habitat studies, but it is typically addressed only indirectly, using problematic surrogates like aspect or hillshade. We devised a simple solar radiation index (SRI) that combines readily available information about aspect, slope, and latitude. Our SRI is proportional to the amount of extraterrestrial solar radiation theoretically striking an arbitrarily oriented surface during the hour surrounding solar noon on the equinox. Because it derives from first geometric principles and is linearly distributed, SRI offers clear advantages over aspect-based surrogates. The SRI also is superior to hillshade, which we found to be sometimes imprecise and ill-behaved. To illustrate application of our SRI, we assessed niche separation among 3 ungulate species along a single environmental axis, solar radiation, on the northern Yellowstone winter range. We detected no difference between the niches occupied by bighorn sheep (<i>Ovis canadensis</i>) and elk (<i>Cervus elaphus; P</i> = 0.104), but found that mule deer (<i>Odocoileus hemionus</i>) tended to use areas receiving more solar radiation than either of the other species (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Overall, our SRI provides a useful metric that can reduce noise, improve interpretability, and increase parsimony in wildlife habitat models containing a solar radiation component.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2006-359","usgsCitation":"Keating, K.A., Gogan, P.J., Vore, J.N., and Irby, L.R., 2007, A simple solar radiation index for wildlife habitat studies: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 4, p. 1344-1348, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-359.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1344","endPage":"1348","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.786376953125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.786376953125,\n              45.08127861241874\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              45.08127861241874\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5673eabae4b0da412f4f820e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keating, Kim A.","contributorId":44660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gogan, Peter J. 0000-0002-7821-133X peter_gogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-133X","contributorId":1771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogan","given":"Peter","email":"peter_gogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vore, John N.","contributorId":150637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":5099,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irby, Lynn R.","contributorId":150541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irby","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5098,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70160315,"text":"70160315 - 2007 - Evaluating estimators for numbers of females with cubs-of-the-year in the Yellowstone grizzly bear population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:04:16.109151","indexId":"70160315","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-15T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating estimators for numbers of females with cubs-of-the-year in the Yellowstone grizzly bear population","docAbstract":"<p>Current management of the grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) population in Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas requires annual estimation of the number of adult female bears with cubs-of-the-year. We examined the performance of nine estimators of population size via simulation. Data were simulated using two methods for different combinations of population size, sample size, and coefficient of variation of individual sighting probabilities. We show that the coefficient of variation does not, by itself, adequately describe the effects of capture heterogeneity, because two different distributions of capture probabilities can have the same coefficient of variation. All estimators produced biased estimates of population size with bias decreasing as effort increased. Based on the simulation results we recommend the Chao estimator for model <i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span><sub><i>h</i></sub> be used to estimate the number of female bears with cubs of the year; however, the estimator of Chao and Shen may also be useful depending on the goals of the research.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1198/108571107X198804","usgsCitation":"Cherry, S., White, G., Keating, K., Haroldson, M.A., and Schwartz, C.C., 2007, Evaluating estimators for numbers of females with cubs-of-the-year in the Yellowstone grizzly bear population: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 12, no. 2, p. 195-215, https://doi.org/10.1198/108571107X198804.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"215","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.786376953125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.786376953125,\n              45.08127861241874\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              45.08127861241874\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5673eac3e4b0da412f4f8249","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cherry, S.","contributorId":50480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, G.C.","contributorId":150634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keating, K.A.","contributorId":44500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwartz, Charles C.","contributorId":124574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5119,"text":"Retired from U.S. Geological Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187656,"text":"70187656 - 2007 - Effective groundwater model calibration: With analysis of data, sensitivities, predictions, and uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:34:17","indexId":"70187656","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Effective groundwater model calibration: With analysis of data, sensitivities, predictions, and uncertainty","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Methods and guidelines for developing and using mathematical models</strong></p><p>Turn to <i>Effective Groundwater Model Calibration</i> for a set of methods and guidelines that can help produce more accurate and transparent mathematical models. The models can represent groundwater flow and transport and other natural and engineered systems. Use this book and its extensive exercises to learn methods to fully exploit the data on hand, maximize the model's potential, and troubleshoot any problems that arise. Use the methods to perform:</p><ul><li>Sensitivity analysis to evaluate the information content of data</li><li>Data assessment to identify (a) existing measurements that dominate model development and predictions and (b) potential measurements likely to improve the reliability of predictions</li><li>Calibration to develop models that are consistent with the data in an optimal manner</li><li>Uncertainty evaluation to quantify and communicate errors in simulated results that are often used to make important societal decisions</li></ul><p>Most of the methods are based on linear and nonlinear regression theory.</p><p>Fourteen guidelines show the reader how to use the methods advantageously in practical situations.</p><p>Exercises focus on a groundwater flow system and management problem, enabling readers to apply all the methods presented in the text. The exercises can be completed using the material provided in the book, or as hands-on computer exercises using instructions and files available on the text's accompanying Web site.</p><p>Throughout the book, the authors stress the need for valid statistical concepts and easily understood presentation methods required to achieve well-tested, transparent models. Most of the examples and all of the exercises focus on simulating groundwater systems; other examples come from surface-water hydrology and geophysics.</p><p>The methods and guidelines in the text are broadly applicable and can be used by students, researchers, and engineers to simulate many kinds systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9780470041086.index","issn":"047177636X","isbn":" 9780471776369","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., and Tiedeman, C.R., 2007, Effective groundwater model calibration: With analysis of data, sensitivities, predictions, and uncertainty, xviii, 480 p. , https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470041086.index.","productDescription":"xviii, 480 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9b6e4b044b359e486a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042761,"text":"pp17139 - 2007 - Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:12:28","indexId":"pp17139","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-9","title":"Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"New analyses of 120 oil samples combined with 139 previously published oil analyses were used to characterize and map the distribution of oil types in the San Joaquin Basin, California. The results show that there are at least four oil types designated MM, ET, EK, and CM. Most of the oil from the basin has low to moderate sulfur content (less than 1 weight percent sulfur), although a few unaltered MM oils have as much as 1.2 weight percent sulfur. Reevaluation of source rock data from the literature indicate that the EK oil type is derived from the Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and the MM oil type is derived, in part, from the Miocene to Pliocene Monterey Formation and its equivalent units. The ET oil type is tentatively correlated to the Eocene Tumey formation of Atwill (1935). Previous studies suggest that the CM oil type is derived from the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene Moreno Formation. Maps of the distribution of the oil types show that the MM oil type is restricted to the southern third of the San Joaquin Basin Province. The composition of MM oils along the southern and eastern margins of the basin reflects the increased contribution of terrigenous organic matter to the marine basin near the Miocene paleoshoreline. EK oils are widely distributed along the western half of the basin, and ET oils are present in the central and west-central areas of the basin. The CM oil type has only been found in the Coalinga area in southwestern Fresno County. The oil type maps provide the basis for petroleum system maps that incorporate source rock distribution and burial history, migration pathways, and geologic relationships between hydrocarbon source and reservoir rocks. These petroleum system maps were used for the 2003 U.S. Geological Survey resource assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17139","usgsCitation":"Lillis, P.G., and Magoon, L.B., 2007, Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-9, Chapter 9: 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17139.","productDescription":"Chapter 9: 52 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_9.jpg"},{"id":266293,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/09/pp1713_ch09.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":266292,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 9 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147ae4b033b1feeb2c04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042763,"text":"pp171311 - 2007 - Source-rock geochemistry of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 11 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:11:39","indexId":"pp171311","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-11","title":"Source-rock geochemistry of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 11 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"Source-rock thickness and organic richness are important input parameters required for numerical modeling of the geohistory of petroleum systems. Present-day depth and thickness maps for the upper Miocene Monterey Formation, Eocene Tumey formation of Atwill (1935), Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and Cretaceous-Paleocene Moreno Formation source rocks in the San Joaquin Basin were determined using formation tops data from 266 wells. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and total organic carbon data (Rock-Eval/TOC) were collected for 1,505 rock samples from these source rocks in 70 wells. Averages of these data for each well penetration were used to construct contour plots of original total organic carbon (TOC<sub>o</sub>) and original hydrogen index (HI<sub>o</sub>) in the source rock prior to thermal maturation resulting from burial. Sufficient data were available to construct plots of TOC<sub>o</sub> and HI<sub>o</sub> for all source-rock units except the Tumey formation of Atwill (1935). Thick, organic-rich, oil-prone shales of the upper Miocene Monterey Formation occur in the Tejon depocenter in the southern part of the basin with somewhat less favorable occurrence in the Southern Buttonwillow depocenter to the north. Shales of the upper Miocene Monterey Formation generated most of the petroleum in the San Joaquin Basin. Thick, organic-rich, oil-prone Kreyenhagen Formation source rock occurs in the Buttonwillow depocenters, but it is thin or absent in the Tejon depocenter. Moreno Formation source rock is absent from the Tejon and Southern Buttonwillow depocenters, but thick, organic-rich, oil-prone Moreno Formation source rock occurs northwest of the Northern Buttonwillow depocenter adjacent to the southern edge of Coalinga field.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp171311","usgsCitation":"Peters, K., Magoon, L.B., Valin, Z.C., and Lillis, P.G., 2007, Source-rock geochemistry of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 11 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-11, Chapter 11: 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp171311.","productDescription":"Chapter 11: 102 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_11.jpg"},{"id":266297,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266298,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/11/pp1713_ch11.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 11 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147ee4b033b1feeb2c12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Kenneth E.","contributorId":10897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Kenneth E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valin, Zenon C. 0000-0001-6199-6700 zenon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6199-6700","contributorId":3742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valin","given":"Zenon","email":"zenon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003870,"text":"70003870 - 2007 - Evolving plans for the USA National Phenology Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:03:08","indexId":"70003870","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolving plans for the USA National Phenology Network","docAbstract":"Phenology is the study of periodic plant and animal life cycle events, how these are influenced by seasonal and interannual variations in climate, and how they modulate the abundance, diversity, and interactions of organisms. The USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) is currently being organized to engage federal agencies, environmental networks and field stations, educational institutions, and citizen scientists. The first USA-NPN planning workshop was held August 2005, in Tucson, Ariz. (Betancourt et al. [2005]; http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/Geography/npn/; by 1 June 2007, also see http://www.usanpn.org). With sponsorship from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and NASA, the second USA-NPN planning workshop was held at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee on 10&ndash;12 October 2006 to (1) develop lists of target species and observation protocols; (2) identify existing networks that could comprise the backbone of nationwide observations by 2008; (3) develop opportunities for education, citizen science, and outreach beginning in spring 2007; (4) design strategies for implementing the remote sensing component of USA-NPN; and (5) draft a data management and cyberinfrastructure plan.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007EO190007","usgsCitation":"Betancourt, J.L., Schwartz, M., Breshears, D.D., Brewer, C.A., Frazer, G., Gross, J.E., Mazer, S., Reed, B.C., and Wilson, B.E., 2007, Evolving plans for the USA National Phenology Network: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 88, no. 19, p. 211-211, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO190007.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"211","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257809,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007EO190007","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"88","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d94e4b0c8380cd530c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brewer, Carol A.","contributorId":79777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frazer, Gary","contributorId":11093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazer","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, John E.","contributorId":106777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazer, Susan J.","contributorId":96564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"Susan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, Bruce E.","contributorId":94944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70004253,"text":"70004253 - 2007 - Simulation-optimization modeling to assist conjunctive management of stream-aquifer systems of Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-04T01:02:11","indexId":"70004253","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T22:06:45","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1867,"text":"Groundwater News and Views: Newsletter of the Association of Groundwater Scientists and Engineers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation-optimization modeling to assist conjunctive management of stream-aquifer systems of Rhode Island","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater News and Views: Newsletter of the Association of Groundwater Scientists and Engineers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Association of Groundwater Scientists and Engineers","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., Granato, G., and Ahlfeld, D.P., 2007, Simulation-optimization modeling to assist conjunctive management of stream-aquifer systems of Rhode Island: Groundwater News and Views: Newsletter of the Association of Groundwater Scientists and Engineers, v. 4, no. 2, p. 4-5.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90c2e4b08c986b31965d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ahlfeld, David P.","contributorId":49464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlfeld","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043536,"text":"pp171327 - 2007 - Data sources and compilation: Chapter 27 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:18:28","indexId":"pp171327","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-27","title":"Data sources and compilation: Chapter 27 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"Geologic, production, and exploration/discovery-history data are used by the U.S. Geological Survey to aid in the assessment of petroleum resources. These data, as well as the broad knowledge and experience of the assessing geologists, are synthesized to provide, for each assessment unit, geologic and exploration models upon which estimates are made of the number and sizes of undiscovered accumulations for conventional assessment units or number and total recoverable volumes of untested cells for continuous assessment units (input data for resource calculations). Quantified geologic information and trends in production and exploration/discovery-history data with respect to time and exploration effort provide guides for the estimating parameters of variables recorded on the input-data forms (input data) used to calculate petroleum resources. An Assessment Review Team reviews proposed geologic and exploration models and input data for each assessment unit in formal assessment meetings. The Assessment Review Team maintains the accuracy and consistency of the assessment procedure during the formal assessment meetings.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp171327","usgsCitation":"Klett, T., and Schmoker, J.W., 2007, Data sources and compilation: Chapter 27 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-27, Chapter 27: 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp171327.","productDescription":"Chapter 27: 6 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_27.jpg"},{"id":267438,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":267439,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/27/pp1713_ch27.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 27 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511e1583e4b071e86a19a435","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klett, T. R. 0000-0001-9779-1168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":83067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoker, James W.","contributorId":52171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043529,"text":"pp171324 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey assessment concepts for conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 24 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:27:39","indexId":"pp171324","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-24","title":"U.S. Geological Survey assessment concepts for conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 24 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"Conventional petroleum accumulations are discrete fields or pools localized in structural or stratigraphic traps by the buoyancy of oil or gas in water; they float, bubble-like, in water. This report describes the fundamental concepts supporting the U.S. Geological Survey “Seventh Approximation” model for resource assessments of conventional accumulations. The Seventh Approximation provides a strategy for estimating volumes of undiscovered petroleum (oil, gas, and coproducts) having the potential to be added to reserves in a 30-year forecast span. The assessment of an area requires (1) choice of a minimum accumulation size, (2) assignment of geologic and access risk, and (3) estimation of the number and sizes of undiscovered accumulations in the assessment area. The combination of these variables yields probability distributions for potential additions to reserves. Assessment results are controlled by geology-based input parameters supplied by knowledgeable geologists, as opposed to projections of historical trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp171324","usgsCitation":"Schmoker, J.W., and Klett, T., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey assessment concepts for conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 24 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-24, Chapter 24: 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp171324.","productDescription":"Chapter 24: 7 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_24.jpg"},{"id":267426,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":267427,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/24/pp1713_ch24.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 24 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511e159fe4b071e86a19a4c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmoker, James W.","contributorId":52171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, T. R. 0000-0001-9779-1168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":83067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043533,"text":"pp171325 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey input-data form and operational procedure for the assessment of conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 25 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:10:25","indexId":"pp171325","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-25","title":"U.S. Geological Survey input-data form and operational procedure for the assessment of conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 25 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey model for undiscovered conventional accumulations is designed to aid in the assessment of crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids (collectively called petroleum) resources. Conventional accumulations may be described in terms of discrete fields or pools localized in structural and stratigraphic traps by the buoyancy of oil or natural gas in water. Conventional accumulations are commonly bounded by a down-dip water contact. The assessment model requires estimates of the number and sizes of undiscovered conventional accumulations. Technically recoverable petroleum resources from undiscovered conventional accumulations are calculated by statistically combining probability distributions of the estimated number and sizes of undiscovered accumulations, along with associated risks and coproduct ratios. Probabilistic estimates of petroleum resources are given for oil in oil accumulations, gas (associated/dissolved) in oil accumulations, natural gas liquids in oil accumulations, gas (nonassociated) in gas accumulations, and total liquids (oil and natural gas liquids) in gas accumulations.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp171325","usgsCitation":"Klett, T., Schmoker, J.W., and Charpentier, R., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey input-data form and operational procedure for the assessment of conventional petroleum accumulations: Chapter 25 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-25, Chapter 25: 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp171325.","productDescription":"Chapter 25: 7 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_25.jpg"},{"id":267429,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":267430,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/25/pp1713_ch25.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 25 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511e15a0e4b071e86a19a4c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klett, T. R. 0000-0001-9779-1168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":83067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoker, James W.","contributorId":52171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003892,"text":"70003892 - 2007 - Soils at the hyperarid margin: The isotopic composition of soil carbonate from the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T16:53:53.53666","indexId":"70003892","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soils at the hyperarid margin: The isotopic composition of soil carbonate from the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile","docAbstract":"<p>We evaluate the impact of exceptionally sparse plant cover (0–20%) and rainfall (2–114 mm/yr) on the stable carbon and oxygen composition of soil carbonate along elevation transects in what is among the driest places on the planet, the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O values of carbonates from the Atacama are the highest of any desert in the world. δ<sup>13</sup>C (VPDB) values from soil carbonate range from -8.2% at the wettest sites to +7.9% at the driest. We measured plant composition and modeled respiration rates required to form these carbonate isotopic values using a modified version of the soil diffusion model of [Cerling (1984) <i>Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.</i><strong>71</strong>, 229–240], in which we assumed an exponential form of the soil CO<sub>2</sub> production function, and relatively shallow (20–30 cm) average production depths. Overall, we find that respiration rates are the main predictor of the δ<sup>13</sup>C value of soil carbonate in the Atacama, whereas the fraction C<sub>3</sub> to C<sub>4</sub> biomass at individual sites has a subordinate influence. The high average δ<sup>13</sup>C value (+4.1%) of carbonate from the driest study sites indicates it formed-perhaps abiotically—in the presence of pure atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. δ<sup>18</sup>O (VPDB) values from soil carbonate range from -5.9% at the wettest sites to +7.3% at the driest and show much less regular variation with elevation change than δ<sup>13</sup>C values. δ<sup>18</sup>O values for soil carbonate predicted from local temperature and δ<sup>18</sup>O values of rainfall values suggest that extreme (&gt;80% in some cases) soil dewatering by evaporation occurs at most sites prior to carbonate formation. The effects of evaporation compromise the use of δ<sup>18</sup>O values from ancient soil carbonate to reconstruct paleoelevation in such arid settings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.02.016","usgsCitation":"Quade, J., Rech, J.A., Latorre, C., Betancourt, J.L., Gleeson, E., and Kalin, M.T., 2007, Soils at the hyperarid margin: The isotopic composition of soil carbonate from the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, no. 15, p. 3772-3795, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.02.016.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"3772","endPage":"3795","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Atacama Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.3125,\n              -20.96143961409684\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.71875,\n              -30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.5546875,\n              -29.22889003019423\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.796875,\n              -25.005972656239177\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.67578124999999,\n              -20.632784250388013\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.83984375,\n              -17.644022027872712\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.3125,\n              -20.96143961409684\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b922fe4b08c986b319d5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quade, Jay","contributorId":104197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quade","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rech, Jason A.","contributorId":30730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rech","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latorre, Claudio","contributorId":94019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latorre","given":"Claudio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gleeson, Erin","contributorId":33831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalin, Mary T.K.","contributorId":44661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70003873,"text":"70003873 - 2007 - Inferences about winter temperatures and summer rains from the late Quaternary record of C<sub>4</sub> perennial grasses and C<sub>3</sub> desert shrubs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T18:54:33.639636","indexId":"70003873","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2437,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferences about winter temperatures and summer rains from the late Quaternary record of C<sub>4</sub> perennial grasses and C<sub>3</sub> desert shrubs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","docAbstract":"Late Quaternary histories of two North American desert biomes&mdash;C<sub>4</sub> grasslands and C<sub>3</sub> shrublands&mdash;are poorly known despite their sensitivity and potential value in reconstructing summer rains and winter temperatures. Plant macrofossil assemblages from packrat midden series in the northern Chihuahuan Desert show that C<sub>4</sub> grasses and annuals typical of desert grassland persisted near their present northern limits throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle. By contrast, key C<sub>3</sub> desert shrubs appeared somewhat abruptly after 5000cal.yrBP. Bioclimatic envelopes for select C<sub>4</sub> and C<sub>3</sub> species are mapped to interpret the glacial-interglacial persistence of desert grassland and the mid-to-late Holocene expansion of desert shrublands. The envelopes suggest relatively warm Pleistocene temperatures with moist summers allowed for persistence of C<sub>4</sub> grasses, whereas winters were probably too cold (or too wet) for C<sub>3</sub> desert shrubs. Contrary to climate model results, core processes associated with the North American Monsoon and moisture transport to the northern Chihuahuan Desert remained intact throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Mid-latitude effects, however, truncated midsummer (July-August) moisture transport north of 35&deg; N. The sudden expansion of desert shrublands after 5000cal.yrBP may be a threshold response to warmer winters associated with increasing boreal winter insolation, and enhanced El Ni&#241;o-Southern Oscillation variability.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jqs.1023","usgsCitation":"Holmgren, C.A., Norris, J., and Betancourt, J.L., 2007, Inferences about winter temperatures and summer rains from the late Quaternary record of C<sub>4</sub> perennial grasses and C<sub>3</sub> desert shrubs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 22, no. 2, p. 141-161, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1023.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"161","costCenters":[{"id":219,"text":"Desert Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.485.7494","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110,30 ], [ -110,35 ], [ -100,35 ], [ -100,30 ], [ -110,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67241b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmgren, Camille A.","contributorId":75258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmgren","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norris, Jodi","contributorId":68020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Jodi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70005177,"text":"70005177 - 2007 - Landscape scale controls on the vascular plant component of dissolved organic carbon across a freshwater delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:39:35","indexId":"70005177","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape scale controls on the vascular plant component of dissolved organic carbon across a freshwater delta","docAbstract":"Lignin phenol concentrations and compositions were determined on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracts (XAD resins) within the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (the Delta), the tidal freshwater portion of the San Francisco Bay Estuary, located in central California, USA. Fourteen stations were sampled, including the following habitats and land-use types: wetland, riverine, channelized waterway, open water, and island drains. Stations were sampled approximately seasonally from December, 1999 through May, 2001. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.3 mg L<sup>-1</sup> within the Sacramento River to 39.9 mg L<sup>-1</sup> at the outfall from an island drain (median 3.0 mg L<sup>-1</sup>), while lignin concentrations ranged from 3.0 &mu;L<sup>-1</sup> within the Sacramento River to 111 &mu;L<sup>-1</sup> at the outfall from an island drain (median 11.6 &mu;L<sup>-1</sup>). Both DOC and lignin concentrations varied significantly among habitat/land-use types and among sampling stations. Carbon-normalized lignin yields ranged from 0.07 mg (100 mg OC)<sup>-1</sup> at an island drain to 0.84 mg (100 mg OC)<sup>-1</sup> for a wetland (median 0.36 mg (100 mg OC)<sup>-1</sup>), and also varied significantly among habitat/land-use types. A simple mass balance model indicated that the Delta acted as a source of lignin during late autumn through spring (10-83% increase) and a sink for lignin during summer and autumn (13-39% decrease). Endmember mixing models using S:V and C:V signatures of landscape scale features indicated strong temporal variation in sources of DOC export from the Delta, with riverine source signatures responsible for 50% of DOC in summer and winter, wetland signatures responsible for 40% of DOC in summer, winter, and late autumn, and island drains responsible for 40% of exported DOC in late autumn. A significant negative correlation was observed between carbon-normalized lignin yields and DOC bioavailability in two of the 14 sampling stations. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to describe organic vascular plant DOC sources at the level of localized landscape features, and is also the first to indicate a significant negative correlation between lignin and DOC bioavailability within environmental samples. Based upon observed trends: (1) Delta features exhibit significant spatial variability in organic chemical composition, and (2) localized Delta features appear to exert strong controls on terrigenous DOC as it passes through the Delta and is exported into the Pacific Ocean.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.027","usgsCitation":"Eckard, R.S., Hernes, P.J., Bergamaschi, B., Stepanauskas, R., and Kendall, C., 2007, Landscape scale controls on the vascular plant component of dissolved organic carbon across a freshwater delta: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, no. 24, p. 5968-5984, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.027.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"5968","endPage":"5984","ipdsId":"IP-002258","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-san Joaquin River Delta","volume":"71","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab9b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckard, Robert S.","contributorId":88863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckard","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stepanauskas, Ramunas","contributorId":28726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanauskas","given":"Ramunas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000586,"text":"70000586 - 2007 - Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000586","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:29","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert","docAbstract":"Terrain ruggedness is often an important variable in wildlife habitat models. Most methods used to quantify ruggedness are indices derived from measures of slope and, as a result, are strongly correlated with slope. Using a Geographic Information System, we developed a vector ruggedness measure (VRM) of terrain based on a geomorphological method for measuring vector dispersion that is less correlated with slope. We examined the relationship of VRM to slope and to 2 commonly used indices of ruggedness in 3 physiographically different mountain ranges within the Mojave Desert of the southwestern United States. We used VRM, slope, distance to water, and springtime bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) adult female locations to model sheep habitat in the 3 ranges. Using logistic regression, we determined that the importance of ruggedness in habitat selection remained consistent across mountain ranges, whereas the relative importance of slope varied according to the characteristic physiography of each range. Our results indicate that the VRM quantifies local variation in terrain more independently of slope than other methods tested, and that VRM and slope distinguish 2 different components of bighorn sheep habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2005-723","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Sappington, J., Longshore, K., and Thompson, D., 2007, Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1419-1426, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-723.","startPage":"1419","endPage":"1426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18969,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2005-723"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c160","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sappington, J.M.","contributorId":11744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sappington","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, K.M.","contributorId":70337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, D.B.","contributorId":74418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000589,"text":"70000589 - 2007 - Identifying sites for elk restoration in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:33:20","indexId":"70000589","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:27","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying sites for elk restoration in Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>We used spatial data to identify potential areas for elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) restoration in Arkansas. To assess habitat, we used locations of 239 elk groups collected from helicopter surveys in the Buffalo National River area of northwestern Arkansas, USA, from 1992 to 2002. We calculated the Mahalanobis distance (<i>D</i><sup>2</sup>) statistic based on the relationship between those elk-group locations and a suite of 9 landscape variables to evaluate winter habitat in Arkansas. We tested model performance in the Buffalo National River area by comparing the <i>D</i><sup>2</sup> values of pixels representing areas with and without elk pellets along 19 fixed-width transects surveyed in March 2002. Pixels with elk scat had lower <i>D</i><sup>2</sup> values than pixels in which we found no pellets (logistic regression: Wald &chi;<sup>2</sup> = 24.37, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), indicating that habitat characteristics were similar to those selected by the aerially surveyed elk. Our <i>D</i><sup>2</sup> model indicated that the best elk habitat primarily occurred in northern and western Arkansas and was associated with areas of high landscape heterogeneity, heavy forest cover, gently sloping ridge tops and valleys, low human population density, and low road densities. To assess the potential for elk&ndash;human conflicts in Arkansas, we used the analytical hierarchy process to rank the importance of 8 criteria based on expert opinion from biologists involved in elk management. The biologists ranked availability of forage on public lands as having the strongest influence on the potential for elk&ndash;human conflict (33%), followed by human population growth rate (22%) and the amount of private land in row crops (18%). We then applied those rankings in a weighted linear summation to map the relative potential for elk&ndash;human conflict. Finally, we used white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) densities to identify areas where success of elk restoration may be hampered due to meningeal worm (<i>Parelaphostrongylus tenuis</i>) transmission. By combining results of the 3 spatial data layers (i.e., habitat model, elk&ndash;human conflict model, deer density), our model indicated that restoration sites located in west-central and north-central Arkansas were most favorable for reintroduction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2005-673","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Telesco, R., Van Manen, F., Clark, J.D., and Cartwright, M.E., 2007, Identifying sites for elk restoration in Arkansas: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1393-1403, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-673.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1393","endPage":"1403","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo 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D.","contributorId":85911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cartwright, Michael E.","contributorId":55566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000573,"text":"70000573 - 2007 - Economic benefit of fertility control in wild horse populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000573","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:26","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic benefit of fertility control in wild horse populations","docAbstract":"I projected costs for several contraceptive treatments that could be used by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to manage 4 wild horse (Equus caballus) populations. Potential management alternatives included existing roundup and selective removal methods combined with contraceptives of different duration and effectiveness. I projected costs for a 20-year economic life using the WinEquus?? wild horse population model and state-by-state cost estimates reflecting BLM's operational expenses. Findings revealed that 1) currently available 2-year contraceptives in most situations are capable of reducing variable operating costs by 15%, 2) experimental 3-year contraceptives may be capable of reducing costs by 18%, and 3) combining contraceptives with modest changes to herd sex ratio (e.g., 55-60% M) could trim costs by 30%. Predicted savings can increase when contraception is applied in conjunction with a removal policy that targets horses aged 0-4 years instead of 0-5 years. However, reductions in herd size result in greater variation in annual operating expenses. Because the horse program's variable operating costs make up about half of the total program costs (which include other fixed costs), contraceptive application and management can only reduce total costs by 14%, saving about $6.1 million per year. None of the contraceptive options I examined eliminated the need for long-term holding facilities over the 20-year period simulated, but the number of horses held may be reduced by about 17% with contraceptive treatment. Cost estimates were most sensitive to the oldest age adoptable and per-day holding costs. The BLM will experience significant cost savings as carefully designed contraceptive programs become widespread in the wild horse herds it manages.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2007-064","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J., 2007, Economic benefit of fertility control in wild horse populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 8, p. 2811-2819, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-064.","startPage":"2811","endPage":"2819","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18956,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-064"}],"volume":"71","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625cd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, J.","contributorId":62181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224806,"text":"5224806 - 2007 - Spatial models of Northern Bobwhite populations for conservation planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T12:53:29","indexId":"5224806","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial models of Northern Bobwhite populations for conservation planning","docAbstract":"Since 1980, northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) range-wide populations declined 3.9% annually.  Within the West Gulf Coastal Plain Bird Conservation Region in the south-central United States, populations of this quail species have declined 6.8% annually.  These declines sparked calls for land use change and prompted implementation of various conservation practices.  However, to effectively reverse these declines and restore northern bobwhite to their former population levels, habitat conservation and management efforts must target establishment and maintenance of sustainable populations.  To provide guidance for conservation and restoration of habitat capable of supporting sustainable northern bobwhite populations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain, we modeled their spatial distribution using landscape characteristics derived from 1992 National Land Cover Data and bird detections, from 1990 to 1994, along 10-stop Breeding Bird Survey route segments.  Four landscape metrics influenced detections of northern bobwhite: detections were greater in areas with more grassland and increased aggregation of agricultural lands, but detections were reduced in areas with increased density of land cover edge and grassland edge.  Using these landscape metrics, we projected the abundance and spatial distribution of northern bobwhite populations across the entire West Gulf Coastal Plain.  Predicted populations closely approximated abundance estimates from a different cadre of concurrently collected data but model predictions did not accurately reflect bobwhite detections along species-specific call-count routes in Arkansas and Louisiana.  Using similar methods, we also projected northern bobwhite population distribution circa 1980 based on Land Use Land Cover data and bird survey data from 1976 to 1984.  We compared our 1980 spatial projections with our spatial estimate of 1992 populations to identify areas of population change.  Additionally, we used our projection of the spatial distribution and abundance of bobwhite to predict areas of population sustainability.  Our projections of population change and sustainability provide guidance for targeting habitat conservation and rehabilitation efforts for restoration of northern bobwhite populations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2006-567","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Wilson, R.R., and Keister, A.S., 2007, Spatial models of Northern Bobwhite populations for conservation planning: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 6, p. 1808-1818, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-567.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1808","endPage":"1818","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e55e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R. Randy","contributorId":100287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keister, Amy S.","contributorId":177319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keister","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224801,"text":"5224801 - 2007 - Quantifying the impact of longline fisheries on adult survival in the black-footed albatross","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:29:36.845743","indexId":"5224801","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the impact of longline fisheries on adult survival in the black-footed albatross","docAbstract":"<p>1. Industrial longline fishing has been suspected to impact upon black-footed albatross populations <i>Phoebastria nigripes</i> by increasing mortality, but no precise estimates of bycatch mortality are available to ascertain this statement. We present a general framework for quantifying the relationship between albatross population and longline fishing in absence of reliable estimates of bycatch rate. 2. We analysed capture-recapture data of a population of black-footed albatross to obtain estimates of survival probability for this population using several alternative models to adequately take into account heterogeneity in the recapture process. Instead of trying to estimate the number of birds killed by using various extrapolations and unchecked assumptions, we investigate the potential relationship between annual adult survival and several measures of fishing effort. Although we considered a large number of covariates, we used principal component analysis to generate a few uncorrelated synthetic variables from the set and thus we maintained both power and robustness. 3. The average survival for 1997-2002 was 92%, a low value compared to estimates available for other albatross species. We found that one of the synthetic variables used to summarize industrial longline fishing significantly explained more than 40% of the variation in adult survival over 11 years, suggesting an impact by longline fishing on albatross' survival. 4. Our analysis provides some evidence of non-linear variation in survival with fishing effort. This could indicate that below a certain level of fishing effort, deaths due to incidental catch can be partially or totally compensated for by a decrease in natural mortality. Another possible explanation is the existence of a strong interspecific competition for accessing the baits, reducing the risk of being accidentally hooked. 5. <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. The suspicion of a significant impact of longline fishing on the black-footed albatross population was supported by the combination of a low estimate of adult survival for the study period, and a significant relationship between adult survival and a synthetic measure of fishing effort. This study highlights the sensitivity of the black-footed albatross to commercial longline fishing, and should exhort fishery management authorities to find adequate seabirds avoidance methods and to encourage their employment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01346.x","usgsCitation":"Veran, S., Gimenez, O., Flint, E., Kendall, W., Doherty, P., and Lebreton, J., 2007, Quantifying the impact of longline fisheries on adult survival in the black-footed albatross: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 44, no. 5, p. 942-952, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01346.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"942","endPage":"952","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01346.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b12d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Veran, S.","contributorId":87259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veran","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gimenez, O.","contributorId":60748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gimenez","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, E.","contributorId":8969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, P.F. Jr.","contributorId":74096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"P.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lebreton, J.D.","contributorId":104186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lebreton","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224811,"text":"5224811 - 2007 - Survival of timber rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus horridus</i>) estimated by capture-recapture models in relation to age, sex, color morph, time, and birthplace","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T10:24:48","indexId":"5224811","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of timber rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus horridus</i>) estimated by capture-recapture models in relation to age, sex, color morph, time, and birthplace","docAbstract":"<p><span>Juvenile survival is one of the least known elements of the life history of many species, in particular snakes. We conducted a mark–recapture study of </span><i>Crotalus horridus</i><span> from 1978–2002 in northeastern New York near the northern limits of the species' range. We marked 588 neonates and estimated annual age-, sex-, and morph-specific recapture and survival rates using the Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model. Wild-caught neonates (field-born, </span><i>n</i><span>  =  407) and neonates produced by captive-held gravid females (lab-born, </span><i>n</i><span>  =  181) allowed comparison of the birthplace, or lab treatment effect, in estimated survival. Recapture rates declined from about 10–20% over time while increasing from young to older age classes. Estimated survival rates (</span><i>S</i><span> ± 1 SE) in the first year were significantly higher among field-born (black morph: </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.773 ± 0.203; yellow morph: </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.531 ± 0.104) than among lab-born snakes (black morph: </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.411 ± 0.131; yellow morph: </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.301 ± 0.081). Lower birth weights combined with a lack of field exposure until release apparently contributed to the lower survival rate of lab-born snakes. Subsequent survival estimates for 2–4-yr-old snakes were </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.845 ± 0.084 for the black morph and </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.999 (SE not available) for the yellow morph, and for ≥5-yr-old snakes </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.958 ± 0.039 (black morph) and </span><i>S</i><span>  =  0.822 ± 0.034 (yellow morph). The most parsimonious model overall contained an independent time trend for survival of each age, morph, and lab-treatment group. For snakes of the first two age groups (ages 1 yr and 2–4 yr), survival tended to decline over the years for both morphs, while for adult snakes (5 yr and older), survival was constant or even slightly increased. Our data on survival and recapture are among the first rigorous estimates of these parameters in a rattlesnake and among the few yet available for any viperid snake. These data are useful for analyses of the life-history strategy, population dynamics, and conservation of this long-lived snake.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/0045-8511(2007)2007[656:SOTRCH]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brown, W.S., Kery, M., and Hines, J., 2007, Survival of timber rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus horridus</i>) estimated by capture-recapture models in relation to age, sex, color morph, time, and birthplace: Copeia, v. 3, p. 656-671, https://doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2007)2007[656:SOTRCH]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"656","endPage":"671","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68812a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, W. S.","contributorId":14466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224818,"text":"5224818 - 2007 - Population influences on tornado reports in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T15:30:40.949588","indexId":"5224818","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3735,"text":"Weather and Forecasting","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population influences on tornado reports in the United States","docAbstract":"The number of tornadoes reported in the United States is believed to be less than the actual incidence of tornadoes, especially prior to the 1990s, because tornadoes may be undetectable by human witnesses in sparsely populated areas and areas in which obstructions limit the line of sight.  A hierarchical Bayesian model is used to simultaneously correct for population-based sampling bias and estimate tornado density using historical tornado report data.  The expected result is that F2-F5 compared with F0-F1 tornado reports would vary less with population density.  The results agree with this hypothesis for the following population centers: Atlanta, Georgia; Champaign, Illinois; and Des Moines, Iowa.  However, the results indicated just the opposite in Oklahoma.  It is hypothesized that the result is explained by the misclassification of tornadoes that were worthy of F2-F5 rating but were classified as F0-F1 tornadoes, thereby artificially decreasing the number of F2-F5 and increasing the number of F0-F1 reports in rural Oklahoma.","language":"English","publisher":"AMS Publications","doi":"10.1175/WAF997.1","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C., Wikle, C.K., Zhou, Q., and Royle, J., 2007, Population influences on tornado reports in the United States: Weather and Forecasting, v. 22, no. 3, p. 571-579, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF997.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"579","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476857,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf997.1","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":5224804,"text":"5224804 - 2007 - Influence of observers and stream flow on northern two-lined salamander (Eurycea bislineata bislineata) relative abundance estimates in Acadia and Shenandoah National Parks, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T10:11:39","indexId":"5224804","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Influence of observers and stream flow on northern two-lined salamander (<i>Eurycea bislineata bislineata</i>) relative abundance estimates in Acadia and Shenandoah National Parks, USA","title":"Influence of observers and stream flow on northern two-lined salamander (Eurycea bislineata bislineata) relative abundance estimates in Acadia and Shenandoah National Parks, USA","docAbstract":"<p>We investigated effects of observers and stream flow on Northern Two-Lined Salamander (<i>Eurycea bislineata bislineata</i>) counts in streams in Acadia (ANP) and Shenandoah National Parks (SNP). We counted salamanders in 22 ANP streams during high flow (May to June 2002) and during low flow (July 2002). We also counted salamanders in SNP in nine streams during high flow (summer 2003) and 11 streams during low flow (summers 2001?02, 2004). In 2002, we used a modified cover-controlled active search method with a first and second observer. In succession, observers turned over 100 rocks along five 1-m belt transects across the streambed. The difference between observers in total salamander counts was not significant. We counted fewer <i>E. b. bislineata</i> during high flow conditions, confirming that detection of this species is reduced during high flow periods and that assessment of stream salamander relative abundance is likely more reliable during low or base flow conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[325:IOOASF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Crocker, J., Bank, M., Loftin, C., and Jung Brown, R., 2007, Influence of observers and stream flow on northern two-lined salamander (Eurycea bislineata bislineata) relative abundance estimates in Acadia and Shenandoah National Parks, USA: Journal of Herpetology, v. 41, no. 2, p. 325-329, https://doi.org/10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[325:IOOASF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"329","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Acadia National Park, Shenandoah National Park","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee730","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crocker, J.B.","contributorId":37024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bank, M.S.","contributorId":41926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bank","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":342730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jung Brown, R.E.","contributorId":29532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung Brown","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224840,"text":"5224840 - 2007 - Adaptive harvest management of North American waterfowl populations: a brief history and future prospects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-10T10:38:23","indexId":"5224840","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive harvest management of North American waterfowl populations: a brief history and future prospects","docAbstract":"<p>Since 1995, the US Fish and Wildlife Service has used an adaptive approach to the management of sport harvest of mid-continent Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in North America. This approach differs from many current approaches to conservation and management in requiring close collaboration between managers and scientists. Key elements of this process are objectives, alternative management actions, models permitting prediction of system responses, and a monitoring program. The iterative process produces optimal management decisions and leads to reduction in uncertainty about response of populations to management. This general approach to management has a number of desirable features and is recommended for use in many other programs of management and conservation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10336-007-0256-8","collaboration":"Proceedings of the 24th International Ornithological Congress that was held in Hamburg, Germany, from 19 to 26 August 2006.Volume II: Symposia Papers.  6855_Nichols.pdf","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Runge, M., Johnson, F., and Williams, B.K., 2007, Adaptive harvest management of North American waterfowl populations: a brief history and future prospects: Journal of Ornithology, v. 148, no. Supplement 2, p. S343-S349, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0256-8.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"S343","endPage":"S349","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476851,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1232777","text":"External Repository"},{"id":195985,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"148","issue":"Supplement 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b066e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Fred A.","contributorId":93863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224975,"text":"5224975 - 2007 - Bayesian multimodel inference for dose-response studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T11:58:21.215252","indexId":"5224975","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian multimodel inference for dose-response studies","docAbstract":"<p>Statistical inference in dose-response studies is model-based: The analyst posits a mathematical model of the relation between exposure and response, estimates parameters of the model, and reports conclusions conditional on the model. Such analyses rarely include any accounting for the uncertainties associated with model selection. The Bayesian inferential system provides a convenient framework for model selection and multimodel inference. In this paper we briefly describe the Bayesian paradigm and Bayesian multimodel inference. We then present a family of models for multinomial dose-response data and apply Bayesian multimodel inferential methods to the analysis of data on the reproductive success of American kestrels (Falco sparveriuss) exposed to various sublethal dietary concentrations of methylmercury.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/06-597R.1","usgsCitation":"Link, W., and Albers, P., 2007, Bayesian multimodel inference for dose-response studies: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 9, p. 1867-1872, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-597R.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1867","endPage":"1872","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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