{"pageNumber":"927","pageRowStart":"23150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40804,"records":[{"id":5224831,"text":"5224831 - 2007 - Application of information theory methods to food web reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:53:29.215064","indexId":"5224831","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of information theory methods to food web reconstruction","docAbstract":"In this paper we use information theory techniques on time series of abundances to determine the topology of a food web.  At the outset, the food web participants (two consumers, two resources) are known; in addition we know that each consumer prefers one of the resources over the other.  However, we do not know which consumer prefers which resource, and if this preference is absolute (i.e., whether or not the consumer will consume the non-preferred resource).  Although the consumers and resources are identified at the beginning of the experiment, we also provide evidence that the consumers are not resources for each other, and the resources do not consume each other.  We do show that there is significant mutual information between resources; the model is seasonally forced and some shared information between resources is expected.  Similarly, because the model is seasonally forced, we expect shared information between consumers as they respond to the forcing of the resources.  The model that we consider does include noise, and in an effort to demonstrate that these methods may be of some use in other than model data, we show the efficacy of our methods with decreasing time series size; in this particular case we obtain reasonably clear results with a time series length of 400 points.  This approaches ecological time series lengths from real systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.05.016","usgsCitation":"Moniz, L., Cooch, E., Ellner, S., Nichols, J., and Nichols, J., 2007, Application of information theory methods to food web reconstruction: Ecological Modelling, v. 208, no. 2-4, p. 145-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.05.016.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"158","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"208","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aa71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moniz, L.J.","contributorId":17718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moniz","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooch, E.G.","contributorId":40932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellner, S.P.","contributorId":16963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellner","given":"S.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, J.M.","contributorId":18080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224828,"text":"5224828 - 2007 - Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:18:19.62401","indexId":"5224828","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex","docAbstract":"<p>1. The establishment of polyploid populations involves the persistence and growth of the polyploid in the presence of the progenitor species. Although there have been a number of animal polyploid species documented, relatively few inquiries have been made into the large-scale mechanisms of polyploid establishment in animal groups. Herein we investigate the influence of regional climatic conditions on the distributional patterns of a diploid-tetraploid species pair of gray treefrogs, <i>Hyla chrysoscelis</i> and <i>H. versicolor</i> (Anura: Hylidae) in the mid-Atlantic region of eastern North America. 2. Calling surveys at breeding sites were used to document the distribution of each species. Twelve climatic models and one elevation model were generated to predict climatic and elevation values for gray treefrog breeding sites. A canonical analysis of discriminants was used to describe relationships between climatic variables, elevation and the distribution of <i>H. chrysoscelis</i> and <i>H. versicolor</i>. 3. There was a strong correlation between several climatic variables, elevation and the distribution of the gray treefrog complex. Specifically, the tetraploid species almost exclusively occupied areas of higher elevation, where climatic conditions were relatively severe (colder, drier, greater annual variation). In contrast, the diploid species was restricted to lower elevations, where climatic conditions were warmer, wetter and exhibited less annual variation. 4. Clusters of syntopic sites were associated with areas of high variation in annual temperature and precipitation during the breeding season. 5. Our data suggest that large-scale climatic conditions have played a role in the establishment of the polyploid <i>H. versicolor</i> in at least some portions of its range. The occurrence of the polyploid and absence of the progenitor in colder, drier and more varied environments suggests the polyploid may posses a tolerance of severe environmental conditions that is not possessed by the diploid progenitor. 6. Our findings support the hypothesis that increased tolerance to severe environmental conditions is a plausible mechanism of polyploid establishment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01300.x","usgsCitation":"Otto, C., Snodgrass, J., Forester, D., Mitchell, J., and Miller, R., 2007, Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 76, no. 6, p. 1053-1061, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01300.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1053","endPage":"1061","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.0576171875,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.41015624999999,\n              36.52729481454622\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.849609375,\n              39.707186656826515\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0576171875,\n              39.80853604144591\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0576171875,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de111","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otto, C.R.V. 0000-0002-7582-3525","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-3525","contributorId":24893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"C.R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snodgrass, J.W.","contributorId":39102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snodgrass","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forester, D.C.","contributorId":11313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, J.C.","contributorId":80222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R.W.","contributorId":56173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224853,"text":"5224853 - 2007 - Mapping the information landscape: Discerning peaks and valleys for ecological monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-02T18:16:45.23344","indexId":"5224853","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2194,"text":"Journal of Biological Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the information landscape: Discerning peaks and valleys for ecological monitoring","docAbstract":"<p>We investigate previously unreported phenomena that have a potentially significant impact on the design of surveillance monitoring programs for ecological systems. Ecological monitoring practitioners have long recognized that different species are differentially informative of a system's dynamics, as codified in the well-known concepts of indicator or keystone species. Using a novel combination of analysis techniques from nonlinear dynamics, we describe marked variation among spatial sites in information content with respect to system dynamics in the entire region. We first observed these phenomena in a spatially extended predator-prey model, but we observed strikingly similar features in verified water-level data from a NOAA/NOS Great Lakes monitoring program. We suggest that these features may be widespread and the design of surveillance monitoring programs should reflect knowledge of their existence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s10867-007-9047-y","usgsCitation":"Moniz, L., Nichols, J., and Nichols, J., 2007, Mapping the information landscape: Discerning peaks and valleys for ecological monitoring: Journal of Biological Physics, v. 33, no. 3, p. 171-181, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10867-007-9047-y.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"181","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476854,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10867-007-9047-y","text":"External Repository"},{"id":196288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ae4b07f02db69d384","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moniz, L.J.","contributorId":17718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moniz","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.M.","contributorId":18080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224854,"text":"5224854 - 2007 - Morphological diversity and evolution of egg and clutch structure in amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T15:28:57","indexId":"5224854","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1896,"text":"Herpetological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological diversity and evolution of egg and clutch structure in amphibians","docAbstract":"The first part of this synthesis summarizes the morphology of the jelly layers surrounding an amphibian ovum.  We propose a standard terminology and discuss the evolution of jelly layers.  The second part reviews the morphological diversity and arrangement of deposited eggs?the ovipositional mode; we recognize 5 morphological classes including 14 modes.  We discuss some of the oviductal, ovipositional, and postovipositional events that contribute to these morphologies.  We have incorporated data from taxa from throughout the world but recognize that other types will be discovered that may modify understanding of these modes.  Finally, we discuss the evolutionary context of the diversity of clutch structure and present a first estimate of its evolution.","language":"English","doi":"10.1655/06-005.1","usgsCitation":"Altig, R., and McDiarmid, R.W., 2007, Morphological diversity and evolution of egg and clutch structure in amphibians: Herpetological Monographs, v. 21, no. 1, p. 1-32, https://doi.org/10.1655/06-005.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"32","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698f67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Altig, Ronald","contributorId":114098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altig","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDiarmid, Roy W. 0000-0002-7649-1796 rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1796","contributorId":3603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Roy","email":"rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224819,"text":"5224819 - 2007 - Analysis of multinomial models with unknown index using data augmentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224819","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2229,"text":"Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of multinomial models with unknown index using data augmentation","docAbstract":"Multinomial models with unknown index ('sample size') arise in many practical settings.  In practice, Bayesian analysis of such models has proved difficult because the dimension of the parameter space is not fixed, being in some cases a function of the unknown index.  We describe a data augmentation approach to the analysis of this class of models that provides for a generic and efficient Bayesian implementation.  Under this approach, the data are augmented with all-zero detection histories.  The resulting augmented dataset is modeled as a zero-inflated version of the complete-data model where an estimable zero-inflation parameter takes the place of the unknown multinomial index.  Interestingly, data augmentation can be justified as being equivalent to imposing a discrete uniform prior on the multinomial index.  We provide three examples involving estimating the size of an animal population, estimating the number of diabetes cases in a population using the Rasch model, and the motivating example of estimating the number of species in an animal community with latent probabilities of species occurrence and detection.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6818_Royle.pdf","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., Dorazio, R., and Link, W., 2007, Analysis of multinomial models with unknown index using data augmentation: Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, v. 16, no. 1, p. 67-85.","productDescription":"67-85","startPage":"67","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16869,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.amstat.org/doi/abs/10.1198/106186007X181425","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6802ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224835,"text":"5224835 - 2007 - How many tigers Panthera tigris are there in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand? An estimate using photographic capture-recapture sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T17:55:28.418241","indexId":"5224835","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2968,"text":"Oryx","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"How many tigers <i>Panthera tigris</i> are there in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand? An estimate using photographic capture-recapture sampling","title":"How many tigers Panthera tigris are there in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand? An estimate using photographic capture-recapture sampling","docAbstract":"<p>We used capture-recapture analyses to estimate the density of a tiger Panthera tigris population in the tropical forests of Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, from photographic capture histories of 15 distinct individuals. The closure test results (z = 0.39, P = 0.65) provided some evidence in support of the demographic closure assumption. Fit of eight plausible closed models to the data indicated more support for model Mh, which incorporates individual heterogeneity in capture probabilities. <span>This model generated an average capture probability&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn01.gif?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn01.gif?pub-status=live\"><span>&nbsp;= 0.42 and an abundance estimate of&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn02.gif?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn02.gif?pub-status=live\"><span>&nbsp;= 19 (9.65) tigers. The sampled area of&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn03.gif?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn03.gif?pub-status=live\"><span>&nbsp;= 477.2 (58.24) km</span><span class=\"sup\">2</span><span>&nbsp;yielded a density estimate of&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn04.gif?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20180418092722550-0738:S0030605307414107:S0030605307414107_eqn04.gif?pub-status=live\"><span>&nbsp;= 3.98 (0.51) tigers per 100 km</span><span class=\"sup\">2</span><span>.</span> Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary could therefore hold 113 tigers and the entire Western Forest Complex c. 720 tigers. Although based on field protocols that constrained us to use sub-optimal analyses, this estimated tiger density is comparable to tiger densities in Indian reserves that support moderate prey abundances. However, tiger densities in well-protected Indian reserves with high prey abundances are three times higher. If given adequate protection we believe that the Western Forest Complex of Thailand could potentially harbour &gt;2,000 wild tigers, highlighting its importance for global tiger conservation. The monitoring approaches we recommend here would be useful for managing this tiger population.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0030605307414107","usgsCitation":"Simcharoen, S., Pattanavibool, A., Karanth, K.U., Nichols, J., and Kumar, S., 2007, How many tigers Panthera tigris are there in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand? An estimate using photographic capture-recapture sampling: Oryx, v. 41, no. 4, p. 447-453, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605307414107.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"453","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476858,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307414107","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Thailand","otherGeospatial":"Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              99.28619384765625,\n              15.712950725807477\n            ],\n            [\n              99.41390991210938,\n              15.712950725807477\n            ],\n            [\n              99.41390991210938,\n              15.787628422033151\n            ],\n            [\n              99.28619384765625,\n              15.787628422033151\n            ],\n            [\n              99.28619384765625,\n              15.712950725807477\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simcharoen, S.","contributorId":60750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simcharoen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pattanavibool, A.","contributorId":18485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattanavibool","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karanth, K. U.","contributorId":23645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":17714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224807,"text":"5224807 - 2007 - Occupancy estimation and modeling with multiple states and state uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:54:04.559574","indexId":"5224807","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy estimation and modeling with multiple states and state uncertainty","docAbstract":"<p>The distribution of a species over space is of central interest in ecology, but species occurrence does not provide all of the information needed to characterize either the well-being of a population or the suitability of occupied habitat. Recent methodological development has focused on drawing inferences about species occurrence in the face of imperfect detection. Here we extend those methods by characterizing occupied locations by some additional state variable ( e. g., as producing young or not). Our modeling approach deals with both detection probabilities,1 and uncertainty in state classification. We then use the approach with occupancy and reproductive rate data from California Spotted Owls (<i>Strix occidentalis occidentalis</i>) collected in the central Sierra Nevada during the breeding season of 2004 to illustrate the utility of the modeling approach. Estimates of owl reproductive rate were larger than naive estimates, indicating the importance of appropriately accounting for uncertainty in detection and state classification.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/06-1474","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Hines, J., MacKenzie, D., Seamans, M., and Gutierrez, R.J., 2007, Occupancy estimation and modeling with multiple states and state uncertainty: Ecology, v. 88, no. 6, p. 1395-1400, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1474.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1400","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648d98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacKenzie, D.I.","contributorId":69522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seamans, M.E.","contributorId":48662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seamans","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gutierrez, R. J.","contributorId":7647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5221636,"text":"5221636 - 2007 - A Bayesian state-space formulation of dynamic occupancy models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:54:44.678155","indexId":"5221636","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Bayesian state-space formulation of dynamic occupancy models","docAbstract":"Species occurrence and its dynamic components, extinction and colonization probabilities, are focal quantities in biogeography and metapopulation biology, and for species conservation assessments. It has been increasingly appreciated that these parameters must be estimated separately from detection probability to avoid the biases induced by nondetection error.  Hence, there is now considerable theoretical and practical interest in dynamic occupancy models that contain explicit representations of metapopulation dynamics such as extinction, colonization, and turnover as well as growth rates.  We describe a hierarchical parameterization of these models that is analogous to the state-space formulation of models in time series, where the model is represented by two components, one for the partially observable occupancy process and another for the observations conditional on that process.  This parameterization naturally allows estimation of all parameters of the conventional approach to occupancy models, but in addition, yields great flexibility and extensibility, e.g., to modeling heterogeneity or latent structure in model parameters.  We also highlight the important distinction between population and finite sample inference; the latter yields much more precise estimates for the particular sample at hand.  Finite sample estimates can easily be obtained using the state-space representation of the model but are difficult to obtain under the conventional approach of likelihood-based estimation.  We use R and Win BUGS to apply the model to two examples.  In a standard analysis for the European Crossbill in a large Swiss monitoring program, we fit a model with year-specific parameters.  Estimates of the dynamic parameters varied greatly among years, highlighting the irruptive population dynamics of that species. In the second example, we analyze route occupancy of Cerulean Warblers in the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) using a model allowing for site-specific heterogeneity in model parameters.  The results indicate relatively low turnover and a stable distribution of Cerulean Warblers which is in contrast to analyses of counts of individuals from the same survey that indicate important declines.  This discrepancy illustrates the inertia in occupancy relative to actual abundance.  Furthermore, the model reveals a declining patch survival probability, and increasing turnover, toward the edge of the range of the species, which is consistent with metapopulation perspectives on the genesis of range edges.  Given detection/non-detection data, dynamic occupancy models as described here have considerable potential for the study of distributions and range dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/06-0669.1","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., and Kery, M., 2007, A Bayesian state-space formulation of dynamic occupancy models: Ecology, v. 88, no. 7, p. 1813-1823, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0669.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1813","endPage":"1823","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b426f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221151,"text":"5221151 - 2007 - Hierarchical spatial models of abundance and occurrence from imperfect survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:55:12.355905","indexId":"5221151","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical spatial models of abundance and occurrence from imperfect survey data","docAbstract":"Many estimation and inference problems arising from large-scale animal surveys are focused on developing an understanding of patterns in abundance or occurrence of a species based on spatially referenced count data.  One fundamental challenge, then, is that it is generally not feasible to completely enumerate ('census') all individuals present in each sample unit.  This observation bias may consist of several components, including spatial coverage bias (not all individuals in the Population are exposed to sampling) and detection bias (exposed individuals may go undetected).  Thus, observations are biased for the state variable (abundance, occupancy) that is the object of inference.  Moreover, data are often sparse for most observation locations, requiring consideration of methods for spatially aggregating or otherwise combining sparse data among sample units.  The development of methods that unify spatial statistical models with models accommodating non-detection is necessary to resolve important spatial inference problems based on animal survey data.     In this paper, we develop a novel hierarchical spatial model for estimation of abundance and occurrence from survey data wherein detection is imperfect.  Our application is focused on spatial inference problems in the Swiss Survey of Common Breeding Birds.  The observation model for the survey data is specified conditional on the unknown quadrat population size, N(s).  We augment the observation model with a spatial process model for N(s), describing the spatial variation in abundance of the species.  The model includes explicit sources of variation in habitat structure (forest, elevation) and latent variation in the form of a correlated spatial process.  This provides a model-based framework for combining the spatially referenced samples while at the same time yielding a unified treatment of estimation problems involving both abundance and occurrence.     We provide a Bayesian framework for analysis and prediction based on the integrated likelihood, and we use the model to obtain estimates of abundance and occurrence maps for the European Jay (Garrulus glandarius), a widespread, elusive, forest bird.  The naive national abundance estimate ignoring imperfect detection and incomplete quadrat coverage was 77 766 territories.  Accounting for imperfect detection added approximately 18 000 territories, and adjusting for coverage bias added another 131 000 territories to yield a fully corrected estimate of the national total of about 227 000 territories.  This is approximately three times as high as previous estimates that assume every territory is detected in each quadrat.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/06-0912.1","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., Kery, M., Gautier, R., and Schmid, H., 2007, Hierarchical spatial models of abundance and occurrence from imperfect survey data: Ecological Monographs, v. 77, no. 3, p. 465-481, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0912.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"481","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8794","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gautier, R.","contributorId":91950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmid, Hans","contributorId":19648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"Hans","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224719,"text":"5224719 - 2007 - Living in the branches: Population dynamics and ecological processes in dendritic networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:59:45.105909","indexId":"5224719","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Living in the branches: Population dynamics and ecological processes in dendritic networks","docAbstract":"Spatial structure regulates and modifies processes at several levels of ecological organization (e.g. individual/genetic, population and community) and is thus a key component of complex systems, where knowledge at a small scale can be insufficient for understanding system behaviour at a larger scale.  Recent syntheses outline potential applications of network theory to ecological systems, but do not address the implications of physical structure for network dynamics.  There is a specific need to examine how dendritic habitat structure, such as that found in stream, hedgerow and cave networks, influences ecological processes.  Although dendritic networks are one type of ecological network, they are distinguished by two fundamental characteristics: (1) both the branches and the nodes serve as habitat, and (2) the specific spatial arrangement and hierarchical organization of these elements interacts with a species' movement behaviour to alter patterns of population distribution and abundance, and community interactions.  Here, we summarize existing theory relating to ecological dynamics in dendritic networks, review empirical studies examining the population- and community-level consequences of these networks, and suggest future research integrating spatial pattern and processes in dendritic systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.01007.x","usgsCitation":"Grant, E., Lowe, W., and Fagan, W., 2007, Living in the branches: Population dynamics and ecological processes in dendritic networks: Ecology Letters, v. 10, no. 2, p. 165-175, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.01007.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"175","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adfc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, E.H.C. 0000-0003-4401-6496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":87242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"E.H.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, W.H.","contributorId":91961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagan, W.F.","contributorId":105829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagan","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224723,"text":"5224723 - 2007 - Riparian influences on stream fish assemblage structure in urbanizing streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T16:33:16.377296","indexId":"5224723","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riparian influences on stream fish assemblage structure in urbanizing streams","docAbstract":"We assessed the influence of land cover at multiple spatial extents on fish assemblage integrity, and the degree to which riparian forests can mitigate the negative effects of catchment urbanization on stream fish assemblages.  Riparian cover (urban, forest, and agriculture) was determined within 30 m buffers at longitudinal distances of 200 m, 1 km, and the entire network upstream of 59 non-nested fish sampling locations.  Catchment and riparian land cover within the upstream network were highly correlated, so we were unable to distinguish between those variables.  Most fish assemblage variables were related to % forest and % urban land cover, with the strongest relations at the largest spatial extent of land cover (catchment), followed by riparian land cover in the 1-km and 200-m reach, respectively.  For fish variables related to urban land cover in the catchment, we asked whether the influence of riparian land cover on fish assemblages was dependent on the amount of urban development in the catchment.  Several fish assemblage metrics (endemic richness, endemic:cosmopolitan abundance, insectivorous cyprinid richness and abundance, and fluvial specialist richness) were all best predicted by single variable models with % urban land cover.  However, endemic:cosmopolitan richness, cosmopolitan abundance, and lentic tolerant abundance were related to % forest cover in the 1-km stream reach, but only in streams that had <15% catchment urban land cover.  In these cases, catchment urbanization overwhelmed the potential mitigating effects of riparian forests on stream fishes.  Together, these results suggest that catchment land cover is an important driver of fish assemblages in urbanizing catchments, and riparian forests are important but not sufficient for protecting stream ecosystems from the impacts of high levels of urbanization.","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s10980-006-9034-x","usgsCitation":"Roy, A., Freeman, B.J., and Freeman, M.C., 2007, Riparian influences on stream fish assemblage structure in urbanizing streams: Landscape Ecology, v. 22, no. 3, p. 385-402, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9034-x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"402","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b15da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roy, A.H.","contributorId":24065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, B. J.","contributorId":8031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224753,"text":"5224753 - 2007 - Concerns regarding a call for pluralism of information theory and hypothesis testing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:40:13.056077","indexId":"5224753","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concerns regarding a call for pluralism of information theory and hypothesis testing","docAbstract":"<p>1. <strong>Stephens et al. (2005)</strong> argue for 'pluralism' in statistical analysis, combining null hypothesis testing and information-theoretic (I-T) methods. We show that I-T methods are more informative even in single variable problems and we provide an ecological example. 2. I-T methods allow inferences to be made from multiple models simultaneously. We believe multimodel inference is the future of data analysis, which cannot be achieved with null hypothesis-testing approaches. 3. We argue for a stronger emphasis on critical thinking in science in general and less reliance on exploratory data analysis and data dredging. Deriving alternative hypotheses is central to science; deriving a single interesting science hypothesis and then comparing it to a default null hypothesis (e.g. 'no difference') is not an efficient strategy for gaining knowledge. We think this single-hypothesis strategy has been relied upon too often in the past. 4. We clarify misconceptions presented by <strong>Stephens et al. (2005)</strong>. 5. We think inference should be made about models, directly linked to scientific hypotheses, and their parameters conditioned on data, Prob(Hj| data). I-T methods provide a basis for this inference. Null hypothesis testing merely provides a probability statement about the data conditioned on a null model, Prob(data |H0). 6. <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. I-T methods provide a more informative approach to inference. I-T methods provide a direct measure of evidence for or against hypotheses and a means to consider simultaneously multiple hypotheses as a basis for rigorous inference. Progress in our science can be accelerated if modern methods can be used intelligently; this includes various I-T and Bayesian methods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01267.x","usgsCitation":"Lukacs, P., Thompson, W., Kendall, W., Gould, W., Doherty, P., Burnham, K., and Anderson, D., 2007, Concerns regarding a call for pluralism of information theory and hypothesis testing: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 44, no. 2, p. 456-460, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01267.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01267.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a482a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lukacs, P.M.","contributorId":84708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, W.L.","contributorId":83234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gould, W.R.","contributorId":9746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, P.F. Jr.","contributorId":74096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"P.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5224737,"text":"5224737 - 2007 - Optimal control of Atlantic population Canada geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:59:10.67145","indexId":"5224737","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimal control of Atlantic population Canada geese","docAbstract":"<p>Management of Canada geese (<i>Branta canadensis</i>) can be a balance between providing sustained harvest opportunity while not allowing populations to become overabundant and cause damage. In this paper, we focus on the Atlantic population of Canada geese and use stochastic dynamic programming to determine the optimal harvest strategy over a range of plausible models for population dynamics. There is evidence to suggest that the population exhibits significant age structure, and it is possible to reconstruct age structure from surveys. Consequently the harvest strategy is a function of the age composition, as well as the abundance, of the population. The objective is to maximize harvest while maintaining the number of breeding adults in the population between specified upper and lower limits. In addition, the total harvest capacity is limited and there is uncertainty about the strength of density-dependence. We find that under a density-independent model, harvest is maximized by maintaining the breeding population at the highest acceptable abundance. However if harvest capacity is limited, then the optimal long-term breeding population size is lower than the highest acceptable level, to reduce the risk of the population growing to an unacceptably large size. Under the proposed density-dependent model, harvest is maximized by maintaining the breeding population at an intermediate level between the bounds on acceptable population size; limits to harvest capacity have little effect on the optimal long-term population size. It is clear that the strength of density-dependence and constraints on harvest significantly affect the optimal harvest strategy for this population. Model discrimination might be achieved in the long term, while continuing to meet management goals, by adopting an adaptive management strategy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.07.019","usgsCitation":"Hauser, C., Runge, M., Cooch, E., Johnson, F., and Harvey, W., 2007, Optimal control of Atlantic population Canada geese: Ecological Modelling, v. 201, no. 1, p. 27-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.07.019.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476860,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.375.7193","text":"External Repository"},{"id":202385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"201","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db691422","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauser, C.E.","contributorId":82430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooch, E.G.","contributorId":40932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Fred A.","contributorId":93863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harvey, W.F. IV","contributorId":95030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"W.F.","suffix":"IV","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224733,"text":"5224733 - 2007 - A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-10T17:09:24.641751","indexId":"5224733","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds","docAbstract":"As compared with extensive contiguous areas, small isolated habitat patches lack many species.  Some species disappear after isolation; others are rarely found in any small patch, regardless of isolation.  We used a 13-year data set of bird captures from a large landscape-manipulation experiment in a Brazilian Amazon forest to model the extinction-colonization dynamics of 55 species and tested basic predictions of island biogeography and metapopulation theory.  From our models, we derived two metrics of species vulnerability to changes in isolation and patch area.  We found a strong effect of area and a variable effect of isolation on the predicted patch occupancy by birds.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1133097","usgsCitation":"Ferraz, G., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Stouffer, P., Bierregaard, R., and Lovejoy, T., 2007, A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds: Science, v. 315, no. 5809, p. 238-241, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1133097.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"241","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.482.6209","text":"External Repository"},{"id":196510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon forest","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.54296875,\n              -2.1088986592431382\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.35546875,\n              -7.100892668623654\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.181640625,\n              -10.228437266155955\n            ],\n            [\n              -58.00781249999999,\n              -8.928487062665504\n            ],\n            [\n              -56.33789062499999,\n              0.17578097424708533\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.13671875,\n              2.4601811810210052\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.54296875,\n              -2.1088986592431382\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"315","issue":"5809","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferraz, G.","contributorId":87651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferraz","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stouffer, P.C.","contributorId":8199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stouffer","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bierregaard, R.O.","contributorId":56755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bierregaard","given":"R.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovejoy, T.E.","contributorId":51408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovejoy","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224712,"text":"5224712 - 2007 - Dermal insecticide residues from birds inhabiting an orchard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T17:02:03.490275","indexId":"5224712","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dermal insecticide residues from birds inhabiting an orchard","docAbstract":"<p>The US Environmental Protection Agency conducts risk assessments of insecticide applications to wild birds using a model that is limited to the dietary route of exposure. However, free-flying birds are also exposed to insecticides via the inhalation and dermal routes. We measured azinphos-methyl residues on the skin plus feathers and the feet of brown-headed cowbirds (<i>Molothrus ater</i>) in order to quantify dermal exposure to songbirds that entered and inhabited an apple (<i>Malus x domestica</i>) orchard following an insecticide application. Exposure to azinphos-methyl was measured by sampling birds from an aviary that was built around an apple tree. Birds sampled at 36 h and 7-day post-application were placed in the aviary within 1 h after the application whereas birds exposed for 3 days were released into the aviary 4-day post-application. Residues on vegetation and soil were also measured. Azinphos-methyl residues were detected from the skin plus feathers and the feet from all exposure periods. Our results underscore the importance of incorporating dermal exposure into avian pesticide risk assessments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9573-2","usgsCitation":"Vyas, N., Spann, J.W., Hulse, C., Gentry, S., and Borges, S., 2007, Dermal insecticide residues from birds inhabiting an orchard: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 133, no. 1-3, p. 209-214, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9573-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"214","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dde0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vyas, N.B. 0000-0003-0191-1319","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-1319","contributorId":65567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vyas","given":"N.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spann, J. W.","contributorId":93435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spann","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hulse, C.S.","contributorId":26035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulse","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gentry, S.","contributorId":41938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gentry","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borges, S.L.","contributorId":101344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borges","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224755,"text":"5224755 - 2007 - Hydrologic connectivity and the contribution of stream headwaters to ecological integrity at regional scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T16:45:35.193477","indexId":"5224755","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic connectivity and the contribution of stream headwaters to ecological integrity at regional scales","docAbstract":"Cumulatively, headwater streams contribute to maintaining hydrologic connectivity and ecosystem integrity at regional scales.  Hydrologic connectivity is the water-mediated transport of matter, energy and organisms within or between elements of the hydrologic cycle.  Headwater streams compose over two-thirds of total stream length in a typical river drainage and directly connect the upland and riparian landscape to the rest of the stream ecosystem.  Altering headwater streams, e.g., by channelization, diversion through pipes, impoundment and burial, modifies fluxes between uplands and downstream river segments and eliminates distinctive habitats.  The large-scale ecological effects of altering headwaters are amplified by land uses that alter runoff and nutrient loads to streams, and by widespread dam construction on larger rivers (which frequently leaves free-flowing upstream portions of river systems essential to sustaining aquatic biodiversity).  We discuss three examples of large-scale consequences of cumulative headwater alteration.  Downstream eutrophication and coastal hypoxia result, in part, from agricultural practices that alter headwaters and wetlands while increasing nutrient runoff.  Extensive headwater alteration is also expected to lower secondary productivity of river systems by reducing stream-system length and trophic subsidies to downstream river segments, affecting aquatic communities and terrestrial wildlife that utilize aquatic resources.  Reduced viability of freshwater biota may occur with cumulative headwater alteration, including for species that occupy a range of stream sizes but for which headwater streams diversify the network of interconnected populations or enhance survival for particular life stages.  Developing a more predictive understanding of ecological patterns that may emerge on regional scales as a result of headwater alterations will require studies focused on components and pathways that connect headwaters to river, coastal and terrestrial ecosystems.  Linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems cannot be discounted when addressing large-scale issues such as hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and global losses of biodiversity.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00002.x","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.C., Pringle, C.M., and Jackson, C., 2007, Hydrologic connectivity and the contribution of stream headwaters to ecological integrity at regional scales: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 1, p. 5-14, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00002.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68334b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, C. M.","contributorId":72902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pringle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, C.R.","contributorId":16136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224713,"text":"5224713 - 2007 - Effects of dietary PCB exposure on reproduction in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-17T17:38:07.53607","indexId":"5224713","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of Dietary PCB Exposure on Reproduction in the White-Footed Mouse <i>(Peromyscus leucopus)</i>","title":"Effects of dietary PCB exposure on reproduction in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus)","docAbstract":"Studies of the impact of environmental contaminants on reproduction have typically focused on effects on fertility and subsequent reproductive failure.  Contaminants may also impact reproductive output or other aspects of life history through effects on resource acquisition or allocation.  We fed successfully breeding female white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) diets containing polychlorinated biphenyls (2:1 Aroclor 1242:1254) at levels of 0 (n = 10), 10 (n = 12), and 25 (n = 10) ppm (mg polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]/kg food).  After 4 months on the diets, female mice were bred with male mice maintained on control food.  There was no effect of PCB exposure on litter size at birth or weaning, although fewer female mice on the 25-ppm diet gave birth.  There was no effect of PCB dose on maternal metabolic rate at peak lactation or on total food (dry matter) intake during lactation.  Female mice on the 10-ppm diet, however, consumed more food per pup during lactation and weaned larger pups, although these differences disappeared after 4 weeks of age.  We conclude that although moderate-term exposure to PCBs did decrease the number of litters produced for high-dose female mice, it did not change litter size, pup growth rate, or energetic measures for those female mice that did successfully reproduce.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-006-0045-z","usgsCitation":"Voltura, M., and French, J., 2007, Effects of dietary PCB exposure on reproduction in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 52, no. 2, p. 264-269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0045-z.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"269","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688cb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voltura, M.B.","contributorId":53500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voltura","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"French, J.B. 0000-0001-8901-7092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":13944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224759,"text":"5224759 - 2007 - Sampling design trade-offs in occupancy studies with imperfect detection: Examples and software","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:58:10.329045","indexId":"5224759","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling design trade-offs in occupancy studies with imperfect detection: Examples and software","docAbstract":"Researchers have used occupancy, or probability of occupancy, as a response or state variable in a variety of studies (e.g., habitat modeling), and occupancy is increasingly favored by numerous state, federal, and international agencies engaged in monitoring programs.  Recent advances in estimation methods have emphasized that reliable inferences can be made from these types of studies if detection and occupancy probabilities are simultaneously estimated.  The need for temporal replication at sampled sites to estimate detection probability creates a trade-off between spatial replication (number of sample sites distributed within the area of interest/inference) and temporal replication (number of repeated surveys at each site).  Here, we discuss a suite of questions commonly encountered during the design phase of occupancy studies, and we describe software (program GENPRES) developed to allow investigators to easily explore design trade-offs focused on particularities of their study system and sampling limitations.  We illustrate the utility of program GENPRES using an amphibian example from Greater Yellowstone National Park, USA.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2007)017[0281:SDTIOS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bailey, L., Hines, J., Nichols, J., and MacKenzie, D.I., 2007, Sampling design trade-offs in occupancy studies with imperfect detection: Examples and software: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 1, p. 281-290, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2007)017[0281:SDTIOS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"290","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68805b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacKenzie, Darryl I.","contributorId":194669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Darryl","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224790,"text":"5224790 - 2007 - Seasonal components of avian population change: Joint analysis of two large-scale monitoring programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T11:55:50.752347","indexId":"5224790","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal components of avian population change: Joint analysis of two large-scale monitoring programs","docAbstract":"<p>We present a combined analysis of data from two large-scale surveys of bird populations. The North American Breeding Bird Survey is conducted each summer; the Christmas Bird Count is conducted in early winter. The temporal staggering of these surveys allows investigation of seasonal components of population change, which we illustrate with an examination of the effects of severe winters on the Carolina Wren (<i>Thryothorus ludovicianus</i>). Our analysis uses a hierarchical log-linear model with controls for survey-specific sampling covariates. Temporal change in population size is modeled seasonally, with covariates for winter severity. Overall, the winter-spring seasons are associated with 82% of the total population variation for Carolina Wrens, and an additional day of snow cover during winter-spring is associated with an incremental decline of 1.1% of the population.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[49:SCOAPC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Link, W., and Sauer, J., 2007, Seasonal components of avian population change: Joint analysis of two large-scale monitoring programs: Ecology, v. 88, no. 1, p. 49-55, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[49:SCOAPC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"55","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f781c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224788,"text":"5224788 - 2007 - Model estimation of land-use effects on water levels of northern Prairie wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T18:35:03.724299","indexId":"5224788","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model estimation of land-use effects on water levels of northern Prairie wetlands","docAbstract":"Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region exist in a matrix of grassland dominated by intensive pastoral and cultivation agriculture.  Recent conservation management has emphasized the conversion of cultivated farmland and degraded pastures to intact grassland to improve upland nesting habitat.  The consequences of changes in land-use cover that alter watershed processes have not been evaluated relative to their effect on the water budgets and vegetation dynamics of associated wetlands.  We simulated the effect of upland agricultural practices on the water budget and vegetation of a semipermanent prairie wetland by modifying a previously published mathematical model (WETSIM).  Watershed cover/land-use practices were categorized as unmanaged grassland (native grass, smooth brome), managed grassland (moderately heavily grazed, prescribed burned), cultivated crops (row crop, small grain), and alfalfa hayland.  Model simulations showed that differing rates of evapotranspiration and runoff associated with different upland plant-cover categories in the surrounding catchment produced differences in wetland water budgets and linked ecological dynamics.  Wetland water levels were highest and vegetation the most dynamic under the managed-grassland simulations, while water levels were the lowest and vegetation the least dynamic under the unmanaged-grassland simulations.  The modeling results suggest that unmanaged grassland, often planted for waterfowl nesting, may produce the least favorable wetland conditions for birds, especially in drier regions of the Prairie Pothole Region.  These results stand as hypotheses that urgently need to be verified with empirical data.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1890/05-1195","usgsCitation":"Voldseth, R., Johnson, W., Gilmanov, T., Guntenspergen, G., and Millett, B., 2007, Model estimation of land-use effects on water levels of northern Prairie wetlands: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 2, p. 527-540, https://doi.org/10.1890/05-1195.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"540","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Pothole Region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.54296874999999,\n              50.233151832472245\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.896484375,\n              47.87214396888731\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.94140625,\n              47.45780853075031\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.39257812499999,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.162109375,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.40429687500001,\n              42.74701217318067\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.88867187500001,\n              41.57436130598913\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              45.89000815866182\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.888671875,\n              49.89463439573421\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.884765625,\n              51.56341232867585\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.54296874999999,\n              50.233151832472245\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voldseth, R.A.","contributorId":80778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmanov, T.","contributorId":72892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guntenspergen, G.R. 0000-0002-8593-0244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":95424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Millett, B.V.","contributorId":48274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millett","given":"B.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224785,"text":"5224785 - 2007 - Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T18:02:56.08866","indexId":"5224785","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>An emerging disease of amphibians caused by the chytrid fungus <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> has been associated with morbidity, mortality, and extinction of species. Typically, researchers have detected <i>B. dendrobatidis</i> only when examining amphibians for causes of mortalities; few data exist on infection rates where mortalities are lacking. During May-September 2000-2002 we obtained amphibian specimens killed by vehicles and others collected at remote off-road sites throughout Maine, USA, and from federal lands in 5 states in the Northeast. We detected infected specimens, mostly green frogs (<i>Rana clamitans</i>), at 5 of 7 national wildlife refuges, a federal waterfowl production area, and Acadia National Park. Seven of 9 species, including all Ranidae species, were infected throughout Maine; rates ranged from 14.6% in American toads (<i>Bufo americanus</i>) to 25.7% in northern leopard frogs (<i>Rana pipiens</i>). We did not detect any infections in 50 eastern gray tree frogs (<i>Hyla versicolor</i>) or 21 spring peepers (<i>Pseudacris crucifer</i>). Species that hibernate in terrestrial habitats seem to have lower rates of infection than species that hibernate in aquatic habitats. Infections peaked in spring and autumn and were associated with air temperatures optimal for <i>B. dendrobatidis</i> growth. The relatively high infection rates among species without documented die-offs suggest that either losses have occurred undetected, that the fungus is endemic and species have attained a level of resistance to infections becoming lethal, or that climatic conditions of the Northeast have a role in preventing infections from being lethal. Data on prevalence and distribution of this chytrid fungus in the Northeast may be useful in modeling its origins and predicting long-term ecosystem effects involving anurans.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/2006-345","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., Longcore, J., Pessier, A.P., and Halteman, W., 2007, Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 2, p. 435-444, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-345.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"435","endPage":"444","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, J.E.","contributorId":102852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pessier, Allan P.","contributorId":19130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pessier","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halteman, W.A.","contributorId":49087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halteman","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224784,"text":"5224784 - 2007 - Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T18:16:53.630798","indexId":"5224784","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>We used an over-dispersed Poisson regression with fixed and random effects, fitted by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, to model population spatial patterns of relative abundance of American woodcock (<i>Scolopax minor</i>) across its breeding range in the United States. We predicted North American woodcock Singing Ground Survey counts with a log-linear function of explanatory variables describing habitat, year effects, and observer effects. The model also included a conditional autoregressive term representing potential correlation between adjacent route counts. Categories of explanatory habitat variables in the model included land-cover composition, climate, terrain heterogeneity, and human influence. Woodcock counts were higher in landscapes with more forest, especially aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) and birch (<i>Betula</i> spp.) forest, and in locations with a high degree of interspersion among forest, shrubs, and grasslands. Woodcock counts were lower in landscapes with a high degree of human development. The most noteworthy practical application of this spatial modeling approach was the ability to map predicted relative abundance. Based on a map of predicted relative abundance derived from the posterior parameter estimates, we identified major concentrations of woodcock abundance in east-central Minnesota, USA, the intersection of Vermont, USA, New York, USA, and Ontario, Canada, the upper peninsula of Michigan, USA, and St. Lawrence County, New York. The functional relations we elucidated for the American woodcock provide a basis for the development of management programs and the model and map may serve to focus management and monitoring on areas and habitat features important to American woodcock.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/2005-680","usgsCitation":"Thogmartin, W., Sauer, J., and Knutson, M.G., 2007, Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 2, p. 376-382, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-680.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"382","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Midwest, Northeast","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.591796875,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.75976562499999,\n              41.77131167976404\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.400390625,\n              42.553080288955776\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.521484375,\n              43.64402584769947\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.62109375,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.29101562499999,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.24609375,\n              45.336701909968134\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.265625,\n              47.45780853075031\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20703125,\n              48.980216985374966\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.591796875,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f5ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224769,"text":"5224769 - 2007 - Evaluation of the status of anurans on a refuge in suburban Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-03T17:17:49.094338","indexId":"5224769","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the status of anurans on a refuge in suburban Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>Because many anurans have well-defined breeding seasons and male anurans produce loud advertisement calls, surveys of these breeding choruses are believed to provide a dependable means of monitoring population trends. The Patuxent Research Refuge initiated such a calling survey in the spring of 1997, which uses volunteers to collect anuran (frog and toad) calling survey data. The primary goal of initiating the calling surveys at the Patuxent Refuge was to obtain baseline information on anuran populations, such as species occurrence, frequency of occurrence, and relative abundance over time. In this paper, we used the calling survey data to develop models for the \"proportion of area occupied\" by individual anuran species, a method in which analysis is focused on the proportion of sites that are occupied by a species, instead of the number of individuals present in the population. This type of analysis is ideal for use in large-scale monitoring programs focused on species that are difficult to count, such as anurans or birds. We considered models for proportion of area occupied that allow for imperfect detection (that is, a species may be present but go undetected during sampling) by incorporating parameters that describe detection probability and the response of detection probability to various environmental and sampling covariates. Our results indicate that anuran populations on the Patuxent Research Refuge have high rates of occupancy compared to areas nearby and that extinction and colonization rates are stable. The potential uses for \"proportion of area occupied\" analyses are far-reaching and will allow for more accurate quantification of data and better-informed management decisions for calling surveys on a larger scale.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[52:EOTSOA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brander, S., Royle, J., and Eames, M., 2007, Evaluation of the status of anurans on a refuge in suburban Maryland: Journal of Herpetology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 52-60, https://doi.org/10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[52:EOTSOA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brander, S.M.","contributorId":45431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brander","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eames, M.","contributorId":70094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eames","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224766,"text":"5224766 - 2007 - Adult tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) survival on the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T12:03:50.306294","indexId":"5224766","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Adult tree swallow (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) survival on the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA","title":"Adult tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) survival on the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Tree swallows (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) were captured and banded at six sites that differed in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination levels in the Housatonic River watershed, western Massachusetts, USA, from 2000 through 2004 to test the prediction that apparent survival rates of females in more contaminated areas were lower than those from less contaminated areas. We also tested whether plumage coloration affected over-winter survival and whether concentrations of PCBs in eggs differed between birds that did and that did not return the following year. Apparent survival rates were calculated using mark-recapture methods and compared using Akaike's Information Criterion. Model-adjusted survival rates ranged from 0.365 to 0.467 for PCB-contaminated females and between 0.404 and 0.476 for reference females. Models with either survival or capture probability modeled as functions of treatment (degree of PCB contamination), year, and age received some support. The model-averaged parameter estimate reflecting a treatment effect for high-PCB birds was negative <span>(</span><img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/12456380-232c-4c3b-99a3-004b230c39a3/nueqn001.gif\" alt=\"equation image\" data-mce-src=\"https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/12456380-232c-4c3b-99a3-004b230c39a3/nueqn001.gif\"><span>&nbsp;= −0.046, SE(</span><img class=\"section_image\" src=\"https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/12456380-232c-4c3b-99a3-004b230c39a3/nueqn001.gif\" alt=\"equation image\" data-mce-src=\"https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/12456380-232c-4c3b-99a3-004b230c39a3/nueqn001.gif\"><span>) = 0.0939)</span>. Fifty-four percent of the total model weights involved models in which survival was a function of PCB treatment. Eggs were collected for contaminant analyses from a random sample of females that did and that did not return the following year. Concentrations of total PCBs were the same or higher in the eggs of females that returned compared to the eggs of those that did not return at both the highly and the moderately contaminated PCB sites. This may have resulted from higher-quality females with higher lipid reserves being more likely than lower-quality females to return the following year. Percentage lipid was positively correlated with total PCBs in eggs. Survival rates were similar among swallows with brown versus blue plumage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/06-337R.1","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.M., Custer, T., Hines, J., Nichols, J., and Dummer, P., 2007, Adult tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) survival on the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 5, p. 1056-1065, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-337R.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1056","endPage":"1065","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1897/06-337r.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Housatonic River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.25065612792967,\n              42.31286205312122\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.22868347167969,\n              42.31286205312122\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.22868347167969,\n              42.43663368650024\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.25065612792967,\n              42.43663368650024\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.25065612792967,\n              42.31286205312122\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698dfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":31330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dummer, P.M.","contributorId":44892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dummer","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224762,"text":"5224762 - 2007 - A multivariate assessment of changes in wetland habitat for waterbirds at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, Maine, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224762","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multivariate assessment of changes in wetland habitat for waterbirds at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, Maine, USA","docAbstract":"We assessed changes in vegetative structure of 49 impoundments at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge (MNWR), Maine, USA, between the periods 1984-1985 to 2002 with a multivariate, adaptive approach that may be useful in a variety of wetland and other habitat management situations.  We used Mahalanobis Distance (MD) analysis to classify the refuge?s wetlands as poor or good waterbird habitat based on five variables: percent emergent vegetation, percent shrub, percent open water, relative richness of vegetative types, and an interspersion juxtaposition index that measures adjacency of vegetation patches.  Mahalanobis Distance is a multivariate statistic that examines whether a particular data point is an outlier or a member of a data cluster while accounting for correlations among inputs.  For each wetland, we used MD analysis to quantify a distance from a reference condition defined a priori by habitat conditions measured in MNWR wetlands used by waterbirds.  Twenty-five wetlands declined in quality between the two periods, whereas 23 wetlands improved.  We identified specific wetland characteristics that may be modified to improve habitat conditions for waterbirds.  The MD analysis seems ideal for instituting an adaptive wetland management approach because metrics can be easily added or removed, ranges of target habitat conditions can be defined by field-collected data, and the analysis can identify priorities for single or multiple management objectives.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6736_Hierl.pdf","usgsCitation":"Hierl, L., Loftin, C., Longcore, J.R., McAuley, D., and Urban, D., 2007, A multivariate assessment of changes in wetland habitat for waterbirds at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, Maine, USA: Wetlands, v. 27, no. 1, p. 141-152.","productDescription":"141-152","startPage":"141","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16842,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1672%2F0277-5212%282007%2927%5B141%3AAMAOCI%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hierl, L.A.","contributorId":46197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hierl","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, C.S.","contributorId":92771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urban, D.L.","contributorId":85925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}