{"pageNumber":"928","pageRowStart":"23175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46893,"records":[{"id":1015175,"text":"1015175 - 2006 - The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:40:16","indexId":"1015175","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass","docAbstract":"<p>It is becoming more apparent that commonly used statistical methods (e.g. analysis of variance and regression) are not the best methods for estimating limiting relationships or stressor effects. A major challenge of estimating the effects associated with a measured subset of limiting factors is to account for the effects of unmeasured factors in an ecologically realistic matter. We used quantile regression to elucidate multiple stressor effects on end-of-season biomass data from two salt marsh sites in coastal Louisiana collected for 18 yr. Stressor effects evaluated based on available data were flooding, salinity air temperature, cloud cover, precipitation deficit, grazing by muskrat, and surface water nitrogen and phosphorus. Precipitation deficit combined with surface water nitrogen provided the best two-parameter model to explain variation in the peak biomass with different slopes and intercepts for the two study sites. Precipitation deficit, cloud cover, and temperature were significantly correlated with each other. Surface water nitrogen was significantly correlated with surface water phosphorus and muskrat density. The site with the larger duration of flooding showed reduced peak biomass, when cloud cover and surface water nitrogen were optimal. Variation in the relatively low salinity occurring in our study area did not explain any of the variation in <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Spartina alterniflora</i> biomass.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02782001","usgsCitation":"Visser, J., Sasser, C., and Cade, B., 2006, The effect of multiple stressors on salt marsh end-of-season biomass: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 2, p. 331-342, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02782001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"342","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66764b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Visser, J.M.","contributorId":23900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sasser, C.E.","contributorId":81067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasser","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180911,"text":"70180911 - 2006 - Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:26:40","indexId":"70180911","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards","docAbstract":"<p>Although the monitoring of black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) populations following reintroductions has not been haphazard, several ferret recovery groups since 1994 have recommended development of uniform standards prescribing minimum methods, intensities, and frequencies of monitoring that would provide data on population size, mortality rates, and recruitment. Such standards would promote comparability of data among sites, document expectations for those who will attempt to establish new populations, and allow the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other responsible groups to better assess progress made toward achieving recovery objectives. Our recommendations are based on methods that have been successfully used to monitor natural and reintroduced populations of ferrets and are an attempt to balance needs and costs. We suggest a combination of marking ferrets with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and annual spotlight searches coupled with automated transponder readers to individually identify survivors. Unmarked ferrets should be captured and implanted with PIT tags whenever possible. These and other methods are detailed. Circumstances that may dictate other methods or more intensive monitoring (e.g., high rates of loss or low recruitment) also are discussed.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Matchett, M.R., Hanebury, L., Livieri, T., and Marinari, P., 2006, Monitoring black-footed ferrets during reestablishment of free-ranging populations: Discussion of alternative methods and recommended minimum standards, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 155-167.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"167","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334898,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=166","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanebury, Louis R.","contributorId":105580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanebury","given":"Louis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marinari, Paul E.","contributorId":90940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinari","given":"Paul E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70180909,"text":"70180909 - 2006 - Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:06:12","indexId":"70180909","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"<p>We used radio-telemetry data (28,560 positional fixes) collected on 153 black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) to (1) reexamine the assumed obligate relationship of these ferrets to prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), (2) investigate habitat preferences of ferrets at a small scale (1 year (P = 0.048). Also, preference was stronger for wild-born young ferrets than for young captive-born ferrets released to augment the wild population (P = 0.040). This additional evidence for competition among ferrets, and for an advantage of prior residency, raises conservation concerns. The energetics-based model commonly used to predict ferret densities at reintroduction sites does not consider competition, which likely leads to overestimation of the densities of ferrets attainable in high-quality habitat. During sequential releases of ferrets, prior residency may handicap success of newcomers, even though the latter may have higher potential fitness. Although the manner of initial colonization of available habitat by blackfooted ferrets, and their subsequent competition for it, was suggestive of an ideal despotic distribution, we did not assess effects of prey density or burrow density on fitness.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Matchett, M.R., and Livieri, T., 2006, Habitat preferences and intraspecific competition in black-footed ferrets, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 129-140.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"140","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=140","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d25b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70180908,"text":"70180908 - 2006 - Evaluating habitat for black-footed ferrets: Revision of an existing model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:00:59","indexId":"70180908","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluating habitat for black-footed ferrets: Revision of an existing model","docAbstract":"<p>Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) are highly dependent on prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) as prey, and prairie dog colonies are the only known habitats that sustain black-footed ferret populations. An existing model used extensively for evaluating black-footed ferret reintroduction habitat defined complexes by interconnecting colonies with 7-km line segments. Although the 7-km complex remains a useful construct, we propose additional, smaller-scale evaluations that consider 1.5-km subcomplexes. The original model estimated the carrying capacity of complexes based on energy requirements of ferrets and density estimates of their prairie dog prey. Recent data have supported earlier contentions of intraspecific competition and intrasexual territorial behavior in ferrets. We suggest a revised model that retains the fixed linear relationship of the existing model when prairie dog densities are &lt;18/ha and uses a curvilinear relationship that reflects increasing effects of ferret territoriality when there are 18–42 prairie dogs per hectare. We discuss possible effects of colony size and shape, interacting with territoriality, as justification for the exclusion of territorial influences if a prairie dog colony supports only a single female ferret. We also present data to support continued use of active prairie dog burrow densities as indices suitable for broad-scale estimates of prairie dog density. Calculation of percent of complexes that are occupied by prairie dog colonies was recommended as part of the original habitat evaluation process. That attribute has been largely ignored, resulting in rating anomalies.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Lockhart, J.M., and Godbey, J.L., 2006, Evaluating habitat for black-footed ferrets: Revision of an existing model, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 143-150.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"150","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=154","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d25d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockhart, J. Michael","contributorId":179117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lockhart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171132,"text":"70171132 - 2006 - An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T14:33:44","indexId":"70171132","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p><span>Salmonid whirling disease, caused by the myxosporean parasite&nbsp;</span><i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i><span>, was first observed in the United States in 1956 in central Pennsylvania. The parasite was subsequently discovered at several culture facilities throughout the state, and widespread distribution of this parasite via the stocking of subclinically infected brook trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>, rainbow trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>, and brown trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo trutta</i><span>&nbsp;has been assumed. Although no monitoring of wild populations occurred until the late 1970s, it is a common belief that epizootics of whirling disease, now realized in the Intermountain West, are unlikely to have occurred in Pennsylvania. We conducted a review of historical information and a synoptic survey aimed at identifying factors that may prevent whirling disease outbreak in this region, reasoning that such information might be useful in identifying management strategies for populations affected by this parasite. Here we present data on parasite prevalence, fish populations, stream attributes, and the genetics of&nbsp;</span><i>Tubifex tubifex</i><span>&nbsp;(the obligate oligochaete host for the parasite) to evaluate various hypotheses proposed for low whirling disease impact in the region. We did not find clear associations between factors such as stream gradient, the genetics of&nbsp;</span><i>T. tubifex</i><span>populations, or the composition of resident trout populations and the pattern of&nbsp;</span><i>M. cerebralis</i><span>&nbsp;occurrence in Pennsylvania. We suggest that this pattern may be best explained by the association between&nbsp;</span><i>T. tubifex</i><span>&nbsp;host populations and point sources of organic enrichment. The potential restriction of&nbsp;</span><i>T. tubifex</i><span>&nbsp;populations to locations near sources of organic enrichment may be a factor in explaining why whirling disease has not been observed to cause population declines among wild trout in this region and should be further investigated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/H05-017.1","usgsCitation":"Kaeser, A.J., Rasmussen, C., and Sharpe, W.E., 2006, An examination of environmental factors associated with Myxobolus cerebralis infection of wild trout in Pennsylvania: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 18, no. 2, p. 90-100, https://doi.org/10.1577/H05-017.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d643ce4b07e28b66834b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaeser, Adam J.","contributorId":169552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaeser","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Charlotte crasmussen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Charlotte","email":"crasmussen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharpe, William E.","contributorId":169553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharpe","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70175722,"text":"70175722 - 2006 - Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T14:38:35","indexId":"70175722","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"EXLDetailsDisplayVal\">We evaluated&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">light</span>-<span class=\"searchword\">based</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">geolocation</span>&nbsp;estimates from pop-up satellite tags in high&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">latitudes&nbsp;</span>because some of the largest fisheries in the world are in areas where this technique has not been assessed. Daily longitude and latitude were estimated by using two Wildlife Computers software programs: 1) Argos Message Processor (AMP), which summarizes&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">light</span>&nbsp;intensity data transmitted to satellites, and 2) Time Series Processor (TSP), which uses more detailed data obtained from retrieved tags. Three experiments were conducted in the&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">northern</span>&nbsp;Gulf of Alaska using tags placed on 1) Pacific halibut in outdoor aquaria, 2) a fixed mooring line at various depths and 3) wild Pacific halibut. TSP performed better than AMP because the percentage of days with&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">geolocation</span>&nbsp;estimates was greater and the mean error magnitude and bias were smaller for TSP and increased with depth for both programs; however, latitude errors were much greater than longitude errors at all depths.&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Light</span>-<span class=\"searchword\">based</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">geolocation</span>&nbsp;enabled us to discern basin-scale movements and showed that the Pacific halibut in our study remained within the Gulf of Alaska. We conclude that this technique provides a feasible method for inferring large-scale population structure for demersal fishes in high latitudes.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","issn":"0090-0656","usgsCitation":"Seitz, A.C., Norcross, B.L., Wilson, D., and Nielsen, J.L., 2006, Evaluating light-based geolocation for estimating demersal fish movements in high latitudes: Fishery Bulletin, v. 104, no. 4, p. 571-578.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"578","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1044/1044toc.htm","text":"Fishery Bulletin: Volume 104, Issue 4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc5ae4b03fd6b7d94c3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitz, Andrew C.","contributorId":156324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norcross, Brenda L.","contributorId":21497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norcross","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Derek","contributorId":178950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":646190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70180912,"text":"70180912 - 2006 - Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:43:10","indexId":"70180912","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"<p>A successful captive breeding program for highly endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) has resulted in surplus animals that have been released at multiple sites since 1991. Because reproductive output of captive ferrets declines after several years, many adult ferrets must be removed from captive breeding facilities annually to keep total production high. Adults are routinely released, with young-of-the-year, on prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colonies. We evaluated postrelease movements and survival rates for 94 radio-tagged young and adult ferrets. Radio-tagged adult ferrets made longer movements than young ferrets during the night of release and had significantly lower survival rates for the first 14 days. Coyotes (Canis latrans) caused the largest number of ferret losses. A larger data set of 623 ferrets represented adults and young that were individually marked with passive integrated transponders but were not radio tagged. Minimum survival rates, calculated primarily from ferrets detected during spotlight searches and identified with tag readers, again were significantly lower for adults than for young ferrets at 30 days postrelease (10.1 percent and 45.5 percent survival, respectively) and at 150 days postrelease (5.7 percent and 25.9 percent). Assessment of known survival time by using linear modeling demonstrated a significant interaction between age and sex, with greater disparity between adults and kits for females than for males. Postrelease survival of adult ferrets might be increased if animals were given earlier and longer exposure to the quasinatural environments of preconditioning pens.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Livieri, T., Matchett, M.R., and Bibles, B.D., 2006, Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 191-200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"200","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=202","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bibles, Brent D.","contributorId":77720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibles","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70180913,"text":"70180913 - 2006 - Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:48:37","indexId":"70180913","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring","docAbstract":"<p>By 1973, radio telemetry was regarded as an important potential tool for studying the elusive, nocturnal, and semifossorial black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), but fears of using invasive techniques on this highly endangered mammal caused delays. We began radio collaring ferrets in 1981. Use of radio telemetry on ferrets proved to be both challenging and rewarding. We document two decades of development and use that led to the present radio-tagging techniques and methods for radio tracking. The 7-g radio collar commonly used after 1992 was smaller and lighter, relative to mass and size of subjects, than collars used in studies of other Mustela. Other important developments were a Teflon® coating to shed mud, a highly flexible stainless steel cable for whip antennas, and a nondurable wool collar. Although collar-caused neck abrasions have continued to occur sporadically, a retrospective assessment of minimum survival rates for 724 reintroduced ferrets (392 radio tagged), using data from spotlight surveys, failed to detect negative effects of radio-collars. In a South Dakota study, ferrets that were found to have hair loss or neck abrasions when collars were removed did not exhibit movements significantly different from those of radio-tagged ferrets with no evidence of neck problems. Prototype transmitters designed for surgical implantation had insufficient power output for effective use on ferrets. Early attempts at tracking radio-tagged ferrets by following the signal on foot quickly gave way to following movements by triangulation, which does not disturb the subjects. The most effective tracking stations were camper trailers fitted with rotatable, 11-element, dual-beam Yagi antennas on 6-m masts. We used radio telemetry to produce 83,275 lines of data (44,191 indications of status and 39,084 positional fixes via triangulation) for 340 radio-collared ferrets during the reintroduction program. Tracking by hand and from aircraft augmented triangulation, allowing us to locate animals that dispersed long distances and enabling us to determine causes of mortality. Justifying further use of radio telemetry&nbsp;on black-footed ferrets requires careful consideration of costs and benefits.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Miller, B.J., and Hanebury, L., 2006, Radio telemetry for black-footed ferret research and monitoring, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 175-190.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334904,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=186","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d253","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Brian J.","contributorId":67816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanebury, Louis R.","contributorId":105580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanebury","given":"Louis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028048,"text":"70028048 - 2006 - Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028048","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003","docAbstract":"We analyzed demographic data from northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) from 14 study areas in Washington, Oregon, and California for 1985-2003. The purpose of our analyses was to provide an assessment of the status and trends of northern spotted owl populations throughout most of their geographic range. The 14 study areas made up approximately 12% of the range of the subspecies and included federal, tribal, private, and mixed federal and private lands. The study areas also included all the major forest types that the subspecies inhabits. The analyses followed rigorous protocols that were developed a priori and were the result of extensive discussions and consensus among the authors. Our primary objectives were to estimate fecundity, apparent survival (??), and annual rate of population change (??) and to determine if there were any temporal trends in these population parameters. In addition to analyses of data from individual study areas, we conducted 2 meta-analyses on each demographic parameter. One meta-analysis was conducted on all 14 areas, and the other was restricted to the 8 areas that constituted the Effectiveness Monitoring Plan for northern spotted owls under the Northwest Forest Plan. The average number of years of reproductive data per study area was 14 (range = 5-19), and the average number of recapture occasions per study area was 13 (range = 4-18). Only 1 study area had <12 years of data. Our results were based on 32,054 captures and resightings of 11,432 banded individuals for estimation of survival and 10,902 instances in which we documented the number of young produced by territorial females. The number of young fledged (NYF) per territorial female was analyzed by testing a suite of a priori models that included (1) effects of age, (2) linear or quadratic time trends, (3) presence of barred owls (Strix varia) in spotted owl territories, and (4) an even-odd year effect. The NYF varied among years on most study areas with a biennial cycle of high reproduction in even-numbered years and low reproduction in odd-numbered years. These cyclic fluctuations did not occur on all study areas, and the even-odd year effect waned during the last 5 years of the study. Fecundity was highest for adults (x??=0.372, SE=0.029), lower for 2-year-olds (x??=0.208, SE=0.032), and very low for 1-year-olds (x??=0.074, SE = 0.029). Fecundity was stable over time for 6 areas (Rainier, Olympic, Warm Springs, H. J. Andrews, Klamath, and Marin), declining for 6 areas (Wenatchee, Cle Elum, Oregon Coast Range, Southern Oregon Cascades, Northwest California, and Simpson), and slightly increasing for 2 areas (Tyee, Hoopa). We found little association between NYF and the proportion of northern spotted owl territories where barred owls were detected, although results were suggestive of a negative effect of barred owls on the Wenatchee and Olympic study areas. The meta-analysis on fecundity indicated substantial annual variability with no increasing or decreasing trends. Fecundity was highest in the mixed-conifer region of eastern Washington (x??=0.560, SE=0.041) and lowest in the Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) region of the Oregon coast (x??=0.306, SE=0.039). We used Cormack-Jolly-Seber open population models and Program MARK to estimate apparent survival rates of owls >1 year old. We found no differences in apparent survival rates between sexes except for 1 area (Marin), which had only 6 years of data. Estimates of apparent survival from individual study areas indicated that there were differences among age classes with adults generally having higher survival than 1- and 2-year-olds. Apparent survival rates ranged from 0.750 (SE=0.026) to 0.886 (SE=0.010) for adults, 0.626 (SE=0.073) to 0.886 (SE=0.010) for 2-year-olds, and 0.415 (SE=0.111) to 0.860 (SE=0.017) for 1-year-olds. These estimates were comparable to survival rates from previous studies on the subspecies. We found evidence for negative time trends in survival rate","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00840173","usgsCitation":"Anthony, R., Forsman, E., Franklin, A., Anderson, D., Burnham, K., White, G.C., Schwarz, C., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Olson, G., Ackers, S., Andrews, L., Biswell, B., Carlson, P., Diller, L., Dugger, K., Fehring, K., Fleming, T., Gerhardt, R., Gremel, S., Gutierrez, R.J., Happe, P., Herter, D., Higley, J., Horn, R., Irwin, L., Loschl, P., Reid, J., and Sovern, S., 2006, Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003: Wildlife Monographs, no. 163, p. 1-48.","startPage":"1","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"163","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9795e4b08c986b31bb4b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Krausman, P.R.","contributorId":35525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krausman","given":"P.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508910,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Anthony, R.G.","contributorId":107641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franklin, A.B.","contributorId":105667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwarz, C.J.","contributorId":102680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Olson, G.S.","contributorId":83872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ackers, S.H.","contributorId":61628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackers","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Andrews, L.S.","contributorId":101070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Biswell, B.L.","contributorId":34291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biswell","given":"B.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Carlson, P.C.","contributorId":44730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Diller, L.V.","contributorId":78926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diller","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Dugger, K.M.","contributorId":25729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Fehring, K.E.","contributorId":62010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fehring","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fleming, T.L.","contributorId":107008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Gerhardt, R.P.","contributorId":54394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhardt","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Gremel, S.A.","contributorId":104272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gremel","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Gutierrez, R. J.","contributorId":7647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Happe, P.J.","contributorId":20109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Happe","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Herter, D.R.","contributorId":101863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herter","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Higley, J.M.","contributorId":102681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higley","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Horn, R.B.","contributorId":68526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horn","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Irwin, L.L.","contributorId":72579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Loschl, P.J.","contributorId":96045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loschl","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Reid, J.A.","contributorId":90907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Sovern, S.G.","contributorId":21725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovern","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}}
,{"id":70187450,"text":"70187450 - 2006 - Foraging ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:45:59","indexId":"70187450","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5","title":"Foraging ecology","docAbstract":"<ol><li>Longitudinal foraging data collected from 60 sea otters implanted with VHF radio transmitters at two study sites in Central California over a three-year period demonstrated even greater individual dietary specialization than in previous studies, with only 54% dietary overlap between individuals and the population.</li><li>Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that individual diets could be grouped into three general \"diet types\" representing distinct foraging specializations. Type 1 specialists consumed large size prey but had low dive efficiency, Type 2 specialists consumed small to medium size prey with high dive efficiency, and Type 3 specialists consumed very small prey (mainly snails) with very high dive efficiency.</li><li>The mean rate of energy gain for the population as a whole was low when compared to other sea otter populations in Alaska but showed a high degree of within- and betweenindividual variation, much of which was accounted for by the three foraging strategies. Type 1 specialists had the highest mean energy gain but also the highest withinindividual variance in energy gain. Type 2 specialists had the lowest mean energy gain but also the lowest variance. Type 3 specialists had an intermediate mean and variance. All three strategies resulted in very similar probabilities of exceeding a critical rate of energy gain on any given day.</li><li>Correlational selection may help maintain multiple foraging strategies in the population: a fitness surface (using mean rate of energy gain as a proxy for fitness) fit to the first two principal components of foraging behavior suggested that the three foraging strategies occupy separate fitness peaks.</li><li>Food limitation is likely an important ultimate factor restricting population growth in the center of the population’s range in California, although the existence of alternative foraging strategies results in different impacts of food limitation on individuals and thus may obscure expected patterns of density dependence.</li></ol>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Population dynamics and biology of the California sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) at the southern end of its range ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior: Minerals Management Service, Pacific OCS Region","usgsCitation":"Tinker, M.T., Estes, J.A., Staedler, M., and Bodkin, J.L., 2006, Foraging ecology, chap. 5 <i>of</i> Population dynamics and biology of the California sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) at the southern end of its range , p. 103-129.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"129","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.coastalresearchcenter.ucsb.edu/cmi/FinalReports31063.html"}],"publicComments":"OCS Study MMS 2006-007; MMS Cooperative Agreement Number 14-35-0001-31063","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590aec4be4b0fc4e4492abad","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694038,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694039,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ralls, Katherine","contributorId":37900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralls","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694040,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Terrie M.","contributorId":191735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Terrie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694041,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jessup, David A.","contributorId":96226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessup","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694042,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, Daniel P.","contributorId":141212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694043,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6}],"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staedler, Michelle","contributorId":45154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staedler","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171292,"text":"70171292 - 2006 - Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:19:04","indexId":"70171292","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"48","subseriesTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposia","title":"Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","docAbstract":"<p>As a part of the Great Lakes Regional Aquatic Gap Analysis Project, we evaluated methodologies for modeling associations between fish species and habitat characteristics at a landscape scale. To do this, we created brook trout<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>presence and absence models based on four different techniques: multiple linear regression, logistic regression, neural networks, and classification trees. The models were tested in two ways: by application to an independent validation database and cross-validation using the training data, and by visual comparison of statewide distribution maps with historically recorded occurrences from the Michigan Fish Atlas. Although differences in the accuracy of our models were slight, the logistic regression model predicted with the least error, followed by multiple regression, then classification trees, then the neural networks. These models will provide natural resource managers a way to identify habitats requiring protection for the conservation of fish species.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Steen, P.J., Passino-Reader, D.R., and Wiley, M., 2006, Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods, chap. <i>of</i> Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 513-531.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321743,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e38e4b07e28b664dbdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steen, Paul J.","contributorId":12342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Passino-Reader, Dora R.","contributorId":50839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino-Reader","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiley, Michael J.","contributorId":30112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171293,"text":"70171293 - 2006 - A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:18:26","indexId":"70171293","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"48","subseriesTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposia","title":"A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York","docAbstract":"<p>We describe a methodology for developing species-habitat models using available fish and stream habitat data from New York State, focusing on the Genesee basin. Electrofishing data from the New York Department of Environmental Conservation were standardized and used for model development and testing. Four types of predictive models (multiple linear regression, stepwise multiple linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, and neural network) were developed and compared for 11 fish species. Predictive models used as many as 25 habitat variables and explained 35-91% of observed species abundance variability. Omission rates were generally low, but commission rates varied widely. Neural network models performed best for all species, except for rainbow trout<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, gizzard shad<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Dorosoma cepedianum</i>, and brown trout<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo trutta</i>. Linear discriminant functions generally performed poorly. The species-environment models we constructed performed well and have potential applications to management issues.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., McDonald, R.R., Castiglione, C., Morrison, S.S., Kowalski, K., and Passino, D.R., 2006, A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York, chap. <i>of</i> Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 533-554.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"554","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2ae4b07e28b664db75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castiglione, Chris","contributorId":150899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castiglione","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Sandy S.","contributorId":169644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Sandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Passino, Dora R. May","contributorId":23877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R. May","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70175551,"text":"70175551 - 2006 - Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows <i>Artamus</i> spp. of inland Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:58:00","indexId":"70175551","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows <i>Artamus</i> spp. of inland Australia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The white-browed woodswallow&nbsp;</span><i>Artamus superciliosus</i><span>&nbsp;and masked woodswallow&nbsp;</span><i>A. personatus</i><span>(Passeriformes: Artamidae) are members of Australia's diverse arid- and semi-arid zone avifauna. Widely sympatric and among Australia's relatively few obligate long-distance temperate-tropical migrants, the two are well differentiated morphologically but not ecologically and vocally. They are pair breeders unlike other&nbsp;</span><i>Artamus</i><span>&nbsp;species, which are at least facultative cooperative breeders. For these reasons they are an excellent case in which to use molecular data in integrative study of their evolution from ecological and biogeographical perspectives. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to test whether they are each other's closest relatives, whether they evolved migration independently, whether they have molecular signatures of population expansions like some other Australian arid zone birds, and to estimate the timing of any inferred population expansions. Their mtDNAs are monophyletic with respect to other species of&nbsp;</span><i>Artamus</i><span>but polyphyletic with respect to each other. The two species appear not to have evolved migration independently of each other but their morphological and mtDNA evolution have been strongly decoupled. Some level of hybridization and introgression cannot be dismissed outright as being involved in their mtDNA polyphyly but incomplete sorting of their most recent common ancestor's mtDNA is a simpler explanation consistent with their ecology. Bayesian phylogenetic inference and analyses of diversity within the two species (n=77) with conventional diversity statistics, statistical parsimony, and tests for population expansion&nbsp;</span><i>vs</i><span>&nbsp;stability (Tajima's&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><span>, Fu's&nbsp;</span><i>Fs</i><span>and Ramos-Onsin and Rozas's&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>2</span><span>) all favour recent population increases. However, a non-starlike network suggests expansion(s) relatively early in the Pleistocene. Repeated population bottlenecks corresponding with multiple peaks of Pleistocene aridity could explain our findings, which add a new dimension to accruing data on the effects of Pleistocene aridity on the Australian biota.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03767.x","usgsCitation":"Joseph, L., Wilke, T., Ten Have, J., and Chesser, R., 2006, Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the masked and white-browed woodswallows <i>Artamus</i> spp. of inland Australia: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 37, no. 6, p. 625-636, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03767.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"636","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b43952e4b03bcb01039ffe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joseph, Leo","contributorId":173726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joseph","given":"Leo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilke, Thomas","contributorId":173727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilke","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ten Have, Jose","contributorId":173728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ten Have","given":"Jose","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chesser, R. Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R. Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70170962,"text":"70170962 - 2006 - Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T16:29:43","indexId":"70170962","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Interaction Assessment (INTASS) is a field and analytic methodology for constructing population dynamics models. Because data collected in generating a model for one species comprise much of the information needed for other species, a small increase in effort can result in simultaneous expressions for the dynamics of multiple species. These expressions can be used to simulate whole community responses to environmental change, including management actions. Since publication of the most recent paper in this series, the INTASS methodology has undergone a large number of developments. These include the use of conceptual models to direct field and modeling efforts and incorporation of an information theoretic approach to model selection. We review these modifications and additions, applying them to a population of Sitka black-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoilius hemionis</i><span>) in Alaska and to cheatgrass (</span><i>Bromus tectorum</i><span>) at the Desert Experimental Range in Utah. In both cases, useful information about the species&rsquo; ecology and population trends was ascertained. INTASS is portable across a wide range of taxa, habitats and management situations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012","usgsCitation":"Emlen, J.M., Duda, J.J., Kirchhoff, M.D., and Freeman, D.C., 2006, Interaction Assessment: A modeling tool for predicting population dynamics from field data: Ecological Modelling, v. 192, no. 3-4, p. 557-570, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"570","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5735a93de4b0dae0d5df512d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirchhoff, Matt D.","contributorId":169302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirchhoff","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, D. Carl","contributorId":31599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028925,"text":"70028925 - 2006 - Intercalibration of research survey vessels on Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T08:59:07","indexId":"70028925","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intercalibration of research survey vessels on Lake Erie","docAbstract":"<p>Fish abundance indices obtained from annual research trawl surveys are an integral part of fisheries stock assessment and management in the Great Lakes. It is difficult, however, to administer trawl surveys using a single vessel-gear combination owing to the large size of these systems, the jurisdictional boundaries that bisect the Great Lakes, and changes in vessels as a result of fleet replacement. When trawl surveys are administered by multiple vessel-gear combinations, systematic error may be introduced in combining catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data across vessels. This bias is associated with relative differences in catchability among vessel-gear combinations. In Lake Erie, five different research vessels conduct seasonal trawl surveys in the western half of the lake. To eliminate this systematic bias, the Lake Erie agencies conducted a side-by-side trawling experiment in 2003 to develop correction factors for CPUE data associated with different vessel-gear combinations. Correcting for systematic bias in CPUE data should lead to more accurate and comparable estimates of species density and biomass. We estimated correction factors for the 10 most commonly collected species age-groups for each vessel during the experiment. Most of the correction factors (70%) ranged from 0.5 to 2.0, indicating that the systematic bias associated with different vessel-gear combinations was not large. Differences in CPUE were most evident for vessels using different sampling gears, although significant differences also existed for vessels using the same gears. These results suggest that standardizing gear is important for multiple-vessel surveys, but there will still be significant differences in catchability stemming from the vessel effects and agencies must correct for this. With standardized estimates of CPUE, the Lake Erie agencies will have the ability to directly compare and combine time series for species abundance. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M05-027.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Tyson, J., Johnson, T., Knight, C., and Bur, M., 2006, Intercalibration of research survey vessels on Lake Erie: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 3, p. 559-570, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-027.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"570","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209803,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-027.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ceee4b0c8380cd63171","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyson, J.T.","contributorId":50339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyson","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, T.B.","contributorId":21490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, C.T.","contributorId":66042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bur, M.T.","contributorId":58215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bur","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028924,"text":"70028924 - 2006 - Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 parkfield earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028924","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 parkfield earthquake","docAbstract":"Precise measurements of local magnetic fields have been obtained with a differentially connected array of seven synchronized proton magnetometers located along 60 km of the locked-to-creeping transition region of the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California, since 1976. The M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake on 28 September 2004, occurred within this array and generated coseismic magnetic field changes of between 0.2 and 0.5 nT at five sites in the network. No preseismic magnetic field changes exceeding background noise levels are apparent in the magnetic data during the month, week, and days before the earthquake (or expected in light of the absence of measurable precursive deformation, seismicity, or pore pressure changes). Observations of electric and magnetic fields from 0.01 to 20 Hz are also made at one site near the end of the earthquake rupture and corrected for common-mode signals from the ionosphere/magnetosphere using a second site some 115 km to the northwest along the fault. These magnetic data show no indications of unusual noise before the earthquake in the ULF band (0.01-20 Hz) as suggested may have preceded the 1989 ML 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake. Nor do we see electric field changes similar to those suggested to occur before earthquakes of this magnitude from data in Greece. Uniform and variable slip piezomagnetic models of the earthquake, derived from strain, displacement, and seismic data, generate magnetic field perturbations that are consistent with those observed by the magnetometer array. A higher rate of longer-term magnetic field change, consistent with increased loading in the region, is apparent since 1993. This accompanied an increased rate of secular shear strain observed on a two-color EDM network and a small network of borehole tensor strainmeters and increased seismicity dominated by three M 4.5-5 earthquakes roughly a year apart in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Models incorporating all of these data indicate increased slip at depth in the region, and this may have played a role in the final occurrence of the 28 September 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake. The absence of electric and magnetic field precursors for this, and other earthquakes with M 5-7.3 elsewhere in the San Andreas fault system, indicates useful prediction of damaging earthquakes seems unlikely using these electromagnetic data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050810","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Johnston, M., Sasai, Y., Egbert, G., and Mueller, R., 2006, Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 parkfield earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 4 B, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050810.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209802,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050810"},{"id":236520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4 B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8bd2e4b08c986b317ae5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sasai, Y.","contributorId":50340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasai","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Egbert, G.D.","contributorId":69347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Egbert","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mueller, R.J.","contributorId":77135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028920,"text":"70028920 - 2006 - Fabricating data: How substituting values for nondetects can ruin results, and what can be done about it","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028920","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fabricating data: How substituting values for nondetects can ruin results, and what can be done about it","docAbstract":"The most commonly used method in environmental chemistry to deal with values below detection limits is to substitute a fraction of the detection limit for each nondetect. Two decades of research has shown that this fabrication of values produces poor estimates of statistics, and commonly obscures patterns and trends in the data. Papers using substitution may conclude that significant differences, correlations, and regression relationships do not exist, when in fact they do. The reverse may also be true. Fortunately, good alternative methods for dealing with nondetects already exist, and are summarized here with references to original sources. Substituting values for nondetects should be used rarely, and should generally be considered unacceptable in scientific research. There are better ways.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.051","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Helsel, D., 2006, Fabricating data: How substituting values for nondetects can ruin results, and what can be done about it: Chemosphere, v. 65, no. 11, p. 2434-2439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.051.","startPage":"2434","endPage":"2439","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209748,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.051"},{"id":236450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e88e4b0c8380cd534e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":420563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028918,"text":"70028918 - 2006 - Intradaily variability of water quality in a shallow tidal lagoon: Mechanisms and implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T07:38:50","indexId":"70028918","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intradaily variability of water quality in a shallow tidal lagoon: Mechanisms and implications","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Although surface water quality and its underlying processes vary over time scales ranging from seconds to decades, they have historically been studied at the lower (weekly to interannual) frequencies. The aim of this study was to investigate intradaily variability of three water quality parameters in a small freshwater tidal lagoon (Mildred Island, California). High frequency time series of specific conductivity, water temperature, and chlorophyll<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>at two locations within the habitat were analyzed in conjunction with supporting hydrodynamic, meteorological, biological, and spatial mapping data. All three constituents exhibited large amplitude intradaily (e.g., semidiurnal tidal and diurnal) oscillations, and periodicity varied across constituents, space, and time. Like other tidal embayments, this habitat is influenced by several processes with distinct periodicities including physical controls, such as tides, solar radiation, and wind, and biological controls, such as photosynthesis, growth, and grazing. A scaling approach was developed to estimate individual process contributions to the observed variability. Scaling results were generally consistent with observations and together with detailed examination of time series and time derivatives, revealed specific mechanisms underlying the observed periodicities, including interactions between the tidal variability, heating, wind, and biology. The implications for monitoring were illustrated through subsampling of the data set. This exercise demonstrated how quantities needed by scientists and managers (e.g., mean or extreme concentrations) may be misrepresented by low frequency data and how short-duration high frequency measurements can aid in the design and interpretation of temporally coarser sampling programs. The dispersive export of chlorophyll<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>from the habitat exhibited a fortnightly variability corresponding to the modulation of semidiurnal tidal currents with the diurnal cycle of phytoplankton variability, demonstrating how high frequency interactions can govern long-term trends. Process identification, as through the scaling analysis here, can help us anticipate changes in system behavior and adapt our own interactions with the system.</p><div class=\"KeywordGroup\" lang=\"en\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02786523","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Lucas, L., Sereno, D., Burau, J., Schraga, T., Lopez, C., Stacey, M., Parchevsky, K., and Parchevsky, V., 2006, Intradaily variability of water quality in a shallow tidal lagoon: Mechanisms and implications: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 5, p. 711-730, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02786523.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"711","endPage":"730","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477476,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02786523","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dc2e4b0c8380cd63808","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, L.V.","contributorId":62777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sereno, D.M.","contributorId":33509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sereno","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burau, J.R. 0000-0002-5196-5035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":7307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schraga, T.S.","contributorId":107480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez, C.B.","contributorId":67700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stacey, M.T.","contributorId":82874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parchevsky, K.V.","contributorId":97304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchevsky","given":"K.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parchevsky, V.P.","contributorId":9835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchevsky","given":"V.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70028916,"text":"70028916 - 2006 - Pathogens, nutritional deficiency, and climate influences on a declining moose population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T15:04:47","indexId":"70028916","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pathogens, nutritional deficiency, and climate influences on a declining moose population","docAbstract":"<p>Several potential proximate causes may be implicated in a recent (post-1984) decline in moose (<i>Alces alces andersoni</i>) numbers at their southern range periphery in northwest Minnesota, USA. These causes include deleterious effects of infectious pathogens, some of which are associated with white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>), negative effects of climate change, increased food competition with deer or moose, legal or illegal hunting, and increased predation by gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) and black bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>). Long-standing factors that may have contributed to the moose decline include those typically associated with marginal habitat such as nutritional deficiencies. We examined survival and productivity among radiocollared (<i>n</i> = 152) adult female and juvenile moose in northwest Minnesota during 1995–2000, and assessed cause of death and pathology through carcass necropsy of radiocollared and non-radiocollared animals.</p><p>Aerial moose surveys suggested that hunting was an unlikely source of the numerical decline because the level of harvest was relatively low (i.e., approx. 15% / 2 yr) and the population usually grew in years following a hunt. The majority of moose mortalities (up to 87% of radiocollared moose [<i>n</i> = 76] and up to 65% of non-radiocollared moose [<i>n</i> = 84]) were proximally related to pathology associated with parasites and infectious disease. Liver fluke (<i>Fascioloides magna</i>) infections apparently constituted the greatest single source of mortality and caused significant pathology in the liver, thoracic and peritoneal cavities, pericardial sac, and lungs. Mortality due to meningeal worm (<i>Parelaphostrongylus tenuis</i>) was less prevalent and was manifested through characteristic neurological disease. Several mortalities apparently were associated with unidentified infectious disease, probably acting in close association with malnutrition. Bone-marrow fat was lower for moose dying of natural causes than those dying of anthropogenic factors or accidents, implying that acute malnutrition contributed to moose mortality. Blood profiles from live-captured animals indicated that those dying in the subsequent 18 months were chronically malnourished.</p><p>Relative to other populations, average annual survival rates for adult females (0.79 [0.74–0.84; 95% CI]) and yearlings (0.64 [0.48–0.86]) were low, whereas those for calves (0.66 [0.53–081]) were high. Pregnancy (48%) and twinning (19%) rates were among the lowest reported for moose, with reproductive senescence among females being apparent as early as 8 years. Pregnancy status was related to indices of acute (i.e., bone-marrow fat) and chronic (i.e., blood condition indices) malnutrition. Opportunistic carcass recovery indicated that there likely were few prime-aged males (&gt;5 yr old) in the population.</p><p class=\"last\">Analysis of protein content in moose browse and fecal samples indicated that food quality was probably adequate to support moose over winter, but the higher fecal protein among animals that died in the subsequent 18 months could be indicative of protein catabolism associated with malnutrition. Trace element analysis from moose livers revealed apparent deficiencies in copper and selenium, but there was limited evidence of direct association between trace element concentrations and moose disease, pathology, or mortality. Time-series analysis of regional moose counts (1961–2000) indicated that annual population growth rate was related negatively to mean summer temperature, with winter and summer temperatures increasing by an average of 6.8 and 2.1 C, respectively, during the 40-year period. This change may have increased moose thermoregulatory costs and disrupted their energy balance, and thereby reduced their fitness. Time-series analysis failed to show a relationship between annual population growth rate and moose or deer abundance, indicating that food limitation via resource competition was unlikely. Population viability analyses, using count data (1961–2000) and demographic data collected during this study, suggested that the northwest Minnesota moose population likely would not persist over the next 50 years. More broadly, we conclude that the southern distribution of moose may become restricted in areas where climate and habitat conditions are marginal, especially where deer are abundant and act as reservoir hosts for parasites.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0084-0173(2006)166[1:PNDACI]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00840173","usgsCitation":"Murray, D., Cox, E., Ballard, W., Whitlaw, H.A., Lenarz, M., Custer, T., Barnett, T., and Fuller, T., 2006, Pathogens, nutritional deficiency, and climate influences on a declining moose population: Wildlife Monographs, no. 166, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.2193/0084-0173(2006)166[1:PNDACI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.822509765625,\n              47.286681888764214\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.822509765625,\n              48.99463598353408\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.04296874999999,\n              48.99463598353408\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.04296874999999,\n              47.286681888764214\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.822509765625,\n              47.286681888764214\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"166","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75a1e4b0c8380cd77c5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, D.L.","contributorId":104266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, E.W.","contributorId":70172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballard, W.B.","contributorId":101235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitlaw, Heather A.","contributorId":13026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlaw","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lenarz, M.S.","contributorId":99923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenarz","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barnett, T.","contributorId":89708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fuller, T.K.","contributorId":98252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70028914,"text":"70028914 - 2006 - The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028914","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula","docAbstract":"The role of climate and fire in the development, maintenance, and species composition of prairie in the eastern axis of the tallgrass Prairie Peninsula intrigued early North American ecologists. However, evaluation of the long-standing hypotheses about the region's environmental history has been hampered by the scarcity of paleorecords. We conducted multiproxy analyses on early and middle Holocene sediments from two Illinois, USA, lakes to assess long-term climatic, vegetational, and fire variability in the region. Sediment mineral composition, carbonate ??18O, ostracode assemblages, and diatom assemblages were integrated to infer fluctuations in moisture availability. Pollen and charcoal ??13C were used to reconstruct vegetation composition, and charcoal influx was used to reconstruct fire. Results indicate that fire-sensitive trees (e.g., Ulmus, Ostrya, Fraxinus, and Acer saccharum) declined and prairie taxa expanded with increased aridity from 10 000 yr BP to 8500 yr BP. Between ???8500 yr BP and ???6200 yr BP, aridity declined, and prairie coexisted with fire-sensitive and fire-tolerant (e.g., Quercus and Carya) trees. After ???6200 yr BP, prairie taxa became dominant, although aridity was not more severe than it was around 8500 yr BP. Along with aridity, fire appears to have played an important role in the establishment and maintenance of prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula, consistent with the speculations of the early ecologists. Comparison of our data with results from elsewhere in the North American midcontinent indicates that spatial heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of climatic and vegetational variations on millennial time scales. ?? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Nelson, D., Feng, S., Grimm, E., Curry, B.B., and Slate, J., 2006, The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula: Ecology, v. 87, no. 10, p. 2523-2536, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"2523","endPage":"2536","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209676,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad10e4b08c986b32395a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, D.M.","contributorId":104265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feng, S.H.","contributorId":24978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimm, E.C.","contributorId":88136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimm","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curry, B. Brandon","contributorId":104224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Slate, J.E.","contributorId":6644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slate","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028913,"text":"70028913 - 2006 - Estimating snow leopard population abundance using photography and capture-recapture techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028913","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating snow leopard population abundance using photography and capture-recapture techniques","docAbstract":"Conservation and management of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) has largely relied on anecdotal evidence and presence-absence data due to their cryptic nature and the difficult terrain they inhabit. These methods generally lack the scientific rigor necessary to accurately estimate population size and monitor trends. We evaluated the use of photography in capture-mark-recapture (CMR) techniques for estimating snow leopard population abundance and density within Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India. We placed infrared camera traps along actively used travel paths, scent-sprayed rocks, and scrape sites within 16- to 30-km2 sampling grids in successive winters during January and March 2003-2004. We used head-on, oblique, and side-view camera configurations to obtain snow leopard photographs at varying body orientations. We calculated snow leopard abundance estimates using the program CAPTURE. We obtained a total of 66 and 49 snow leopard captures resulting in 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights during 2003 and 2004, respectively. We identified snow leopards based on the distinct pelage patterns located primarily on the forelimbs, flanks, and dorsal surface of the tail. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.67. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 (SE = 0.22; individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 (SE = 0.16) in 2004. We believe the density disparity between years is attributable to different trap density and placement rather than to an actual decline in population size. Our results suggest that photographic capture-mark-recapture sampling may be a useful tool for monitoring demographic patterns. However, we believe a larger sample size would be necessary for generating a statistically robust estimate of population density and abundance based on CMR models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[772:ESLPAU]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Jackson, R., Roe, J., Wangchuk, R., and Hunter, D., 2006, Estimating snow leopard population abundance using photography and capture-recapture techniques: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 34, no. 3, p. 772-781, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[772:ESLPAU]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"772","endPage":"781","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[772:ESLPAU]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b46e4b0c8380cd5265b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, R.M.","contributorId":71370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roe, J.D.","contributorId":56016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roe","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wangchuk, R.","contributorId":20958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wangchuk","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunter, D.O.","contributorId":104264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"D.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028907,"text":"70028907 - 2006 - Net energy payback and CO2 emissions from three midwestern wind farms: An update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028907","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Net energy payback and CO2 emissions from three midwestern wind farms: An update","docAbstract":"This paper updates a life-cycle net energy analysis and carbon dioxide emissions analysis of three Midwestern utility-scale wind systems. Both the Energy Payback Ratio (EPR) and CO2 analysis results provide useful data for policy discussions regarding an efficient and low-carbon energy mix. The EPR is the amount of electrical energy produced for the lifetime of the power plant divided by the total amount of energy required to procure and transport the materials, build, operate, and decommission the power plants. The CO2 analysis for each power plant was calculated from the life-cycle energy input data. A previous study also analyzed coal and nuclear fission power plants. At the time of that study, two of the three wind systems had less than a full year of generation data to project the life-cycle energy production. This study updates the analysis of three wind systems with an additional four to eight years of operating data. The EPR for the utility-scale wind systems ranges from a low of 11 for a two-turbine system in Wisconsin to 28 for a 143-turbine system in southwestern Minnesota. The EPR is 11 for coal, 25 for fission with gas centrifuge enriched uranium and 7 for gaseous diffusion enriched uranium. The normalized CO2 emissions, in tonnes of CO2 per GW eh, ranges from 14 to 33 for the wind systems, 974 for coal, and 10 and 34 for nuclear fission using gas centrifuge and gaseous diffusion enriched uranium, respectively. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11053-007-9024-y","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"White, S., 2006, Net energy payback and CO2 emissions from three midwestern wind farms: An update: Natural Resources Research, v. 15, no. 4, p. 271-281, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-007-9024-y.","startPage":"271","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-007-9024-y"},{"id":236273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a64eee4b0c8380cd72aa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, S.W.","contributorId":18557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028898,"text":"70028898 - 2006 - Abundance and distribution of selected elements in soils, stream sediments, and selected forage plants from desert tortoise habitats in the Mojave and Colorado deserts, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028898","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance and distribution of selected elements in soils, stream sediments, and selected forage plants from desert tortoise habitats in the Mojave and Colorado deserts, USA","docAbstract":"A baseline and background chemical survey was conducted in southeastern California, USA, to identify potential sources of toxicants in natural and anthropogenically-altered habitats of the threatened desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). Soil, stream sediment, and plant samples were collected from six tortoise habitat study areas in the Mojave and Colorado deserts and analysed for up to 66 different elements. The chemical analyses provided new information on the abundances and distributions of selected elements in this region. Soil, stream-sediment, and plant analyses showed distinct variations in bulk chemistries from locality to locality. Variations were, in general, consistent with the many types of exposed rock units in the region, their highly variable bulk mineralogies, and chemical contents. Of elements in soils that might have been toxic to tortoises, only As seemed to be anomalous region-wide. Some soil and plant anomalies were clearly anthropogenic. In the Rand and Atolia mining districts, soil anomalies for As, Au, Cd, Hg, Sb, and(or) W and plant anomalies for As, Sb, and(or) W extend as far as ???15 km outward from the present area of mining; soils containing anomalous Hg were found at least 6 km away from old piles of tailings. The anomalous concentrations of As and Hg may have been the source of elevated levels of these elements found in ill tortoises from the region. In the Goldstone mining district, soil anomalies extended several km from the mining area. These areas probably represented anthropogenic surface contamination of dust redistributed by wind, vehicles, and rainfall. One of two study areas transected by a paved road (Chemehuevi Valley) showed weakly elevated levels of Pb, which extended as far as ???22 m from the pavement edge and were probably related to vehicle exhaust. No soil or plant samples from historically used military areas (Goldstone, Goffs, Chemehuevi Valley, Chuckwalla Bench) contained anomalous concentrations of the elements As, Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb, or Zn that could be ascribed to military maneuvers, vehicles, or ordnance. For future studies, the distribution and abundance of elements in the tortoise forage plants need to be evaluated for the respective roles of dust and systemic uptake. Additional chemical data from tortoise necropsies and nutritional studies are needed to determine the effects of potentially toxic elements in tortoise habitats on their health. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.018","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Chaffee, M., and Berry, K., 2006, Abundance and distribution of selected elements in soils, stream sediments, and selected forage plants from desert tortoise habitats in the Mojave and Colorado deserts, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. SUPPL., p. 35-87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.018.","startPage":"35","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"53","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209906,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.018"},{"id":236656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e659e4b0c8380cd47365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaffee, M.A.","contributorId":108049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaffee","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028897,"text":"70028897 - 2006 - Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028897","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival","docAbstract":"Blood was collected from wild big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with and without anesthesia in Fort Collins, Colorado in 2004 to assess the impacts of these procedures on short-term survival and 1-yr return rates. Short-term survival and 1-yr return rates after release were passively monitored using PIT tag detection hoops placed at selected buildings. Comparison of 14-day maximum likelihood survival estimates from bats not bled (142 adult females, 62 volant juveniles), and bats sampled for blood with anesthesia (96 adult females, 23 volant juveniles) and without anesthesia (112 adult females, 22 volant juveniles) indicated no adverse effects of either treatment (juveniles: X2=53.38, df=41, P=0.09; adults: X2=39.09, df=44, P=0.68). Return rates of bats one year after sampling were similar among adult female controls (75.4%, n=142, 95% CI=67.4-82.2%), females sampled for blood with anesthesia (83.0%, n=112, 95% CI=74.8-89.5%), and females sampled without anesthesia (87.5%, n=96, 95% CI=79.2-93.4%). Lack of an effect was also noted in 1-yr return rates of juvenile females. These data suggest that the use of anesthesia during sampling of blood has no advantages in terms of enhancement of survival in big brown bats. ?? Wildlife Disease Association 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Ellison, L., O'Shea, T., Wimsatt, J., Pearce, R., Neubaum, D., Neubaum, M., and Bowen, R.A., 2006, Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 42, no. 4, p. 849-852.","startPage":"849","endPage":"852","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab073e4b0c8380cd87afa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, L.E.","contributorId":103610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wimsatt, J.","contributorId":78289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wimsatt","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearce, R.D.","contributorId":45439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neubaum, D.J.","contributorId":43720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neubaum, M.A.","contributorId":50866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bowen, R. A.","contributorId":80623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028895,"text":"70028895 - 2006 - Quantitative analysis of scale of aeromagnetic data raises questions about geologic-map scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028895","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative analysis of scale of aeromagnetic data raises questions about geologic-map scale","docAbstract":"A recently published study has shown that small-scale geologic map data can reproduce mineral assessments made with considerably larger scale data. This result contradicts conventional wisdom about the importance of scale in mineral exploration, at least for regional studies. In order to formally investigate aspects of scale, a weights-of-evidence analysis using known gold occurrences and deposits in the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt of Finland as training sites provided a test of the predictive power of the aeromagnetic data. These orogenic-mesothermal-type gold occurrences and deposits have strong lithologic and structural controls associated with long (up to several kilometers), narrow (up to hundreds of meters) hydrothermal alteration zones with associated magnetic lows. The aeromagnetic data were processed using conventional geophysical methods of successive upward continuation simulating terrane clearance or 'flight height' from the original 30 m to an artificial 2000 m. The analyses show, as expected, that the predictive power of aeromagnetic data, as measured by the weights-of-evidence contrast, decreases with increasing flight height. Interestingly, the Moran autocorrelation of aeromagnetic data representing differing flight height, that is spatial scales, decreases with decreasing resolution of source data. The Moran autocorrelation coefficient scems to be another measure of the quality of the aeromagnetic data for predicting exploration targets. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11053-006-9023-4","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Nykanen, V., and Raines, G.L., 2006, Quantitative analysis of scale of aeromagnetic data raises questions about geologic-map scale: Natural Resources Research, v. 15, no. 4, p. 213-222, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-006-9023-4.","startPage":"213","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209878,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-006-9023-4"},{"id":236621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91fee4b0c8380cd805be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nykanen, V.","contributorId":18560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nykanen","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raines, G. L.","contributorId":90720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}