{"pageNumber":"932","pageRowStart":"23275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":80724,"text":"fs20073107 - 2007 - Understanding Ecosystems and Predicting Ecosystem Change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:21","indexId":"fs20073107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3107","title":"Understanding Ecosystems and Predicting Ecosystem Change","docAbstract":"In 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a science strategy outlining the major natural science issues facing the Nation in the next decade. The science strategy consists of six science directions of critical importance, focusing on areas where natural science can make a substantial contribution to the well-being of the Nation and the world. This fact sheet focuses on understanding ecosystems and predicting ecosystem change, and how USGS research can strengthen the Nation with information needed to meet the challenges of the 21st century.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Facing Tomorrow's Challenges: USGS Science in the Decade 2007-2017","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073107","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Understanding Ecosystems and Predicting Ecosystem Change: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3107, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073107.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3107.jpg"},{"id":10585,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3107/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f6c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80725,"text":"fs20073108 - 2007 - Climate Variability and Change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:24","indexId":"fs20073108","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3108","title":"Climate Variability and Change","docAbstract":"In 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a science strategy outlining the major natural science issues facing the Nation in the next decade. The science strategy consists of six science directions of critical importance, focusing on areas where natural science can make a substantial contribution to the well-being of the Nation and the world. This fact sheet focuses on climate variability and change and how USGS research can strengthen the Nation with information needed to meet the challenges of the 21st century.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Facing Tomorrow's Challenges: USGS Science in the Decade 2007-2017","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073108","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Climate Variability and Change: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3108, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073108.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3108.jpg"},{"id":10586,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de1f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80711,"text":"sir20075227 - 2007 - Regionalized equations for bankfull-discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Region 3 east of the Hudson River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T21:47:58.703633","indexId":"sir20075227","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5227","title":"Regionalized equations for bankfull-discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Region 3 east of the Hudson River","docAbstract":"<p>Equations that relate drainage area to bankfull discharge and channel characteristics (such as width, depth, and cross-sectional area) at gaged sites are needed to define bankfull discharge and channel characteristics at ungaged sites and can be used for stream-restoration and protection projects, stream-channel classification, and channel assessments. These equations are intended to serve as a guide for streams in areas of similar hydrologic, climatic, and physiographic conditions. New York State contains eight hydrologic regions that were previously delineated on the basis of high-flow (flood) characteristics. This report presents predictive equations for bankfull characteristics (discharge and channel characteristics) for streams east of the Hudson River, referred to as Hydrologic Region 3.</p><p>Stream-survey data and discharge records from 12 streamflow-gaging stations were used in regression analyses to relate drainage area to bankfull discharge and bankfull channel width, depth, and cross-sectional area. The four predictive equations are:</p><p>(1) bankfull discharge, in cubic feet per second = 83.8*(drainage area, in square miles)<sup>0.679</sup>;</p><p>(2) bankfull channel width, in feet = 24.0*(drainage area, in square miles)<sup>0.292</sup>;</p><p>(3) bankfull channel depth, in feet = 1.66*(drainage area, in square miles)<sup>0.210</sup>; and</p><p>(4) bankfull channel cross-sectional area, in square feet = 39.8*(drainage area, in square miles)<sup>0.503</sup>.</p><p>The coefficients of determination (<i>R<sup>2</sup></i>) for these four equations are 0.93, 0.85, 0.77, and 0.92, respectively. The high coefficients of determination for bankfull discharge and cross-sectional area indicate that much of the range in the variables is explained by the size of the drainage area; the smaller correlation coefficients for bankfull channel width and depth indicate that other factors also affect these relations. Recurrence intervals for the estimated bankfull discharge of each stream ranged from 1.16 to 3.35 years; the mean recurrence interval was 2.08 years. The 12 surveyed streams were classified by Rosgen stream type; most were B and C type, with occasional E- and F-type cross sections. The Region 3 equation (curve) for bankfull discharge was compared with those previously obtained for seven other hydrologic regions in New York State. The differences confirm that the hydraulic geometry of streams is affected by local climatic and physiographic conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075227","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York State Department of State, Division of Coastal Resources, New York State Department of Transportation, and New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Mulvihill, C., and Baldigo, B.P., 2007, Regionalized equations for bankfull-discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Region 3 east of the Hudson River: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5227, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075227.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410506,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82933.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":339644,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20095144","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5144","linkHelpText":"- Bankfull Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State"},{"id":339642,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20045247","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5247","linkHelpText":"-  Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 5 in Central New York"},{"id":339655,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5227/pdf/SIR2007-5227.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":192435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5227/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":10571,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5227/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":339645,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20075189","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5189","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 in the Adirondack Region of Northern New York"},{"id":339641,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20065075","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5075","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 7 in Western New York"},{"id":339643,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20055100","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5100","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 6 in the Southern Tier of New York"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.7,\n              40.7069\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3222,\n              40.7069\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3222,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.7,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.7,\n              40.7069\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Regional Equations for Bankfull Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams</li><li>Limitations of this Study</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612c3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulvihill, Christiane I.","contributorId":31821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulvihill","given":"Christiane I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80716,"text":"ofr20071301 - 2007 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2005 through September 2006) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T10:30:46","indexId":"ofr20071301","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1301","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2005 through September 2006) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana","docAbstract":"Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in streams from Butte to below Milltown Reservoir as part of a long-term monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork basin; additional water-quality samples were collected in the Clark Fork basin from sites near Milltown Reservoir downstream to near the confluence of the Clark Fork and Flathead River as part of a supplemental sampling program. The sampling programs were conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork basin of western Montana, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water-quality samples were collected periodically at 22 sites from October 2005 through September 2006. Bed-sediment and biological samples were collected once at 12 sites during August 2006.\r\n\r\nThis report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at all long-term and supplemental monitoring sites from October 2005 through September 2006. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace ele-ments, and suspended sediment. Nutrients also were analyzed in the supplemental water-quality samples. Daily values of suspended-sed-iment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for four sites, and seasonal daily values of turbidity were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-ele-ment concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Bio-logical data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of long-term water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork basin are provided for the period of record since 1985.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071301","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J., 2007, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2005 through September 2006) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1301, vi, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071301.","productDescription":"vi, 125 p.","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10577,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1301/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.5,45.75 ], [ -115.5,48 ], [ -112,48 ], [ -112,45.75 ], [ -115.5,45.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545b4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80717,"text":"ofr20071347 - 2007 - Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T14:48:36","indexId":"ofr20071347","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1347","title":"Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2007","docAbstract":"This report presents the results for two sampling periods during a 4-year monitoring survey to provide a characterization of selenium concentrations in selected irrigation drains flowing into the Salton Sea, California. Total selenium, selenium species, and total suspended solids were determined in water samples, and total selenium was determined in sediment, detritus, and biota that included algae, plankton, midge larvae (family, Chironomidae), and two fish species-western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). In addition, sediments were analyzed for percent total organic carbon and particle size. Total selenium concentrations in water for both sampling periods ranged from 1.43 to 47.1 micrograms per liter, predominately as selenate, which is typical of waters leached out of selenium-contaminated marine shales under alkaline and oxidizing conditions. Total selenium concentrations ranged from 0.88 to 20.2 micrograms per gram in biota, and from 0.15 to 28.9 micrograms per gram in detritus and sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071347","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., Walther, M., Saiki, M.K., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2007, Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1347, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071347.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334502,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1347/pdf/OFR2007-1347.pdf","size":"448 kb","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":10578,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1347/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db6299fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walther, Michael J. mwalther@usgs.gov","contributorId":2852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Michael J.","email":"mwalther@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80710,"text":"sir20075125 - 2007 - Relation of Lake-Floor Characteristics to the Distribution of Variable Leaf Water-Milfoil in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"sir20075125","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5125","title":"Relation of Lake-Floor Characteristics to the Distribution of Variable Leaf Water-Milfoil in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire, 2005","docAbstract":"Geophysical, water, and sediment surveys were done to characterize the effects of surficial geology, water and sediment chemistry, and surficial-sediment composition on the distribution of variable leaf water-milfoil in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire. Geophysical surveys were conducted in a 180-square-kilometer area, and water-quality and sediment samples were collected from 24 sites in the survey area during July 2005.\r\n\r\nSwath-bathymetric data revealed that Moultonborough Bay ranged in depth from less than 1 meter (m) to about 15 m and contained three embayments. Seismic-reflection profiles revealed erosion of the underlying bedrock and subsequent deposition of glaciolacustrine and Holocene lacustrine sediments within the survey area. Sediment thickness ranged from 5 m along the shoreward margins to more than 15 m in the embayments. Data from sidescan sonar, surficial-sediment samples, bottom photographs, and video revealed three distinct lake-floor environments: rocky nearshore, mixed nearshore, and muddy basin. Rocky nearshore environments were found in shallow water (less than 5 m deep) and contained sediments ranging from coarse silt to very coarse sand. Mixed nearshore environments also were found in shallow water and contained sediments ranging from silt to coarse sand with different densities of aquatic vegetation. Muddy basin environments contained the finest-grained sediments, ranging from fine to medium silt, and were in the deepest waters of the bay.\r\n\r\nAcoustic Ground Discrimination Systems (AGDS) survey data revealed that 86 percent of the littoral zone (the area along the margins of the bay and islands that extends from 0 to 4.3 m in water depth) contained submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in varying densities: approximately 36 percent contained SAV bottom cover of 25 percent or less, 43 percent contained SAV bottom cover of more than 25 and less than 75 percent, and approximately 7 percent contained SAV bottom cover of more than 75 percent. SAV included variable leaf water-milfoil, native milfoil, bassweed, pipewort, and other species, which were predominantly found near shoreward margins and at depths ranging from less than 1 to 4 m.\r\n\r\nAGDS data were used in a Geographic Information System to generate an interpolated map that distinguished variable leaf water-milfoil from other SAV. Furthermore, these data were used to isolate areas susceptible to variable leaf water-milfoil growth. Approximately 21 percent of the littoral zone contained dense beds (more than 59 percent bottom cover) of variable leaf water-milfoil, and an additional 44 percent was determined to be susceptible to variable leaf water-milfoil infestation.\r\n\r\nDepths differed significantly between sites with variable leaf water-milfoil and sites with other SAV (p = 0.04). Variable leaf water-milfoil was found at depths that ranged from 1 to 4 m, and other SAV had a depth range of 1 to 2 m. Although variable leaf water-milfoil was observed at greater depths than other SAV, it was not observed below the photic zone.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of constituent concentrations from the water column, interstitial pore water, and sediment showed little correlation with the presence of variable leaf water-milfoil, with two exceptions. Iron concentrations were significantly lower at variable leaf water-milfoil sites than at other sampling sites (p = 0.04). Similarly, the percentage of total organic carbon also was significantly lower at the variable leaf water-milfoil sites than at other sampling sites (p = 0.04).\r\n\r\nSurficial-sediment-grain size had the greatest correlation to the presence of variable leaf water-milfoil. Variable leaf water-milfoil was predominantly growing in areas of coarse sand (median grain-size 0.62 millimeters). Surficial-sediment-grain size was also correlated with total ammonia plus organic nitrogen (Rho = 0.47; p = 0.02) and with total phosphorus (Rho = 0.44; p = 0.05) concentrations in interstitial pore-water samples.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075125","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Argue, D.M., Kiah, R.G., Denny, J.F., Deacon, J.R., Danforth, W.W., Johnston, C.M., and Smagula, A.P., 2007, Relation of Lake-Floor Characteristics to the Distribution of Variable Leaf Water-Milfoil in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5125, viii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075125.","productDescription":"viii, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10570,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5125/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.58333333333333,43.416666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,43.833333333333336 ], [ -71.08333333333333,43.833333333333336 ], [ -71.08333333333333,43.416666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,43.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c2eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Argue, Denise M. 0000-0002-1096-5362 dmargue@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-5362","contributorId":2636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argue","given":"Denise","email":"dmargue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kiah, Richard G. 0000-0001-6236-2507 rkiah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-2507","contributorId":2637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"Richard","email":"rkiah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Danforth, William W. 0000-0002-6382-9487 bdanforth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-9487","contributorId":3292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","email":"bdanforth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnston, Craig M. cmjohnst@usgs.gov","contributorId":1814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Craig","email":"cmjohnst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smagula, Amy P.","contributorId":15892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smagula","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70157343,"text":"70157343 - 2007 - Sources of seasonal water-supply forecast skill in the western US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-18T16:55:05","indexId":"70157343","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Sources of seasonal water-supply forecast skill in the western US","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many water supplies in the western US depend on water that is stored in snowpacks and reservoirs during the cool, wet seasons for release and use in the following warm seasons. Managers of these water supplies must decide each winter how much water will be available in subsequent seasons so that they can proactively capture and store water and can make reliable commitments for later deliveries. Long-lead water-supply forecasts are thus important components of water managers' decisionmaking. Present-day operational water-supply forecasts draw skill from observations of the amount of water in upland snowpacks, along with estimates of the amount of water otherwise available (often via surrogates for antecedent precipitation, soil moisture or baseflows). Occasionally, the historical hydroclimatic influences of various global climate conditions may be factored in to forecasts. The relative contributions of (potential) forecast skill for January-March and April-July seasonal water- supply availability from these sources are mapped across the western US as lag correlations among elements of the inputs and outputs from a physically based, regional land-surface hydrology model of the western US from 1950-1999. Information about snow-water contents is the most valuable predictor for forecasts made through much of the cool-season but, before the snows begin to fall, indices of El Nino-Southern Oscillation are the primary source of whatever meager skill is available. The contributions to forecast skill made available by knowledge of antecedent flows (a traditional predictor) and soil moisture at the time the long-lead forecast is issued are compared, to gain insights into the potential usefulness of new soil-moisture monitoring options in the region. When similar computations are applied to simulated flows under historical conditions, but with a uniform +2&deg;C warming imposed, the widespread diminution of snowpacks reduces forecast skills, although skill contributed by measures of antecedent moisture conditions (soil moisture or baseflows) grow in stature, relative to snowpacks, in partial compensation. Forecast skills, e.g., of March forecasts for April-July water supplies from those parts of the region that yield the majority of the runoff, decline by an average of about 15% of captured variance in response to the imposed warming.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"AGU Fall Meeting: 10-14 December 2007, 40 years in San Francisco, Calif.","conferenceTitle":"American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007","conferenceDate":"December 10-14 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, California","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M., 2007, Sources of seasonal water-supply forecast skill in the western US, <i>in</i> AGU Fall Meeting: 10-14 December 2007, 40 years in San Francisco, Calif., San Francisco, California, December 10-14 2007.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fd35bbe4b05d6c4e502c75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, Michael 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":147804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80706,"text":"sir20075242 - 2007 - Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria, antibiotics, and mercury in surface waters of Oakland County, Michigan, 2005-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T15:38:56","indexId":"sir20075242","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5242","title":"Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria, antibiotics, and mercury in surface waters of Oakland County, Michigan, 2005-2006","docAbstract":"<p>Water samples collected from 20 stream sites in Oakland and Macomb Counties, Mich., were analyzed to learn more about the occurrence of cephalosporin-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and the co-occurrence of antibiotics and mercury in area streams. Fecal indicator bacteria concentrations exceeded the Michigan recreational water-quality standard of 300 <i>E. coli</i> colony forming units (CFU) per 100 milliliters of water in 19 of 35 stream-water samples collected in Oakland County. A gene commonly associated with enterococci from humans was detected in samples from Paint Creek at Rochester and Evans Ditch at Southfield, indicating that human fecal waste is a possible source of fecal contamination at these sites. <i>E. coli</i> resistant to the cephalosporin antibiotics (cefoxitin and/ or ceftriaxone) were found at all sites on at least one occasion. The highest percentages of <i>E. coli</i> isolates resistant to cefoxitin and ceftriaxone were 71 percent (Clinton River at Auburn Hills) and 19 percent (Sashabaw Creek near Drayton Plains), respectively. Cephalosporin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> was detected more frequently in samples from intensively urbanized or industrialized areas than in samples from less urbanized areas. VRE were not detected in any sample collected in this study. Multiple antibiotics (azithromycin, erythromycin, ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim) were detected in water samples from the Clinton River at Auburn Hills, and tylosin (an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine and livestock production that belongs to the macrolide group, along with erythromycin) was detected in one water sample from Paint Creek at Rochester. Concentrations of total mercury were as high as 19.8 nanograms per liter (Evans Ditch at Southfield). There was no relation among percentage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and measured concentrations of antibiotics or mercury in the water. Genetic elements capable of exchanging multiple antibiotic-resistance genes (class I integrons) were detected in several samples, indicating that the resistance carried by these organisms may be transferable to other bacteria, including disease-causing bacteria. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075242","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oakland County Health Department, Michigan","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L., Duris, J.W., Crowley, S.L., and Hardigan, N., 2007, Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria, antibiotics, and mercury in surface waters of Oakland County, Michigan, 2005-2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5242, vi, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075242.","productDescription":"vi, 30 p.","temporalStart":"2005-04-01","temporalEnd":"2007-11-01","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075242.JPG"},{"id":10565,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5242/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Oakland County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.2227,42.887],[-83.1025,42.8884],[-83.0986,42.801],[-83.0905,42.6238],[-83.0867,42.5355],[-83.0843,42.4463],[-83.3264,42.4416],[-83.4403,42.4393],[-83.553,42.4351],[-83.6669,42.4312],[-83.6733,42.5196],[-83.6863,42.7822],[-83.6902,42.871],[-83.5737,42.8744],[-83.4541,42.8766],[-83.4546,42.8798]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Oakland\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b20b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duris, Joseph W. 0000-0002-8669-8109 jwduris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8669-8109","contributorId":1981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"Joseph","email":"jwduris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crowley, Suzanne L. scrowley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"Suzanne","email":"scrowley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardigan, Nicole","contributorId":43457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardigan","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80704,"text":"ofr20071421 - 2007 - Emergency assessment of debris-flow hazards from basins burned by the 2007 Harris Fire, San Diego County, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:28:58","indexId":"ofr20071421","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1421","title":"Emergency assessment of debris-flow hazards from basins burned by the 2007 Harris Fire, San Diego County, southern California","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction<br></h1><p>The objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Harris Fire in San Diego County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death. This emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071421","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency assessment of debris-flow hazards from basins burned by the 2007 Harris Fire, San Diego County, southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1421, 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071421.","productDescription":"24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10563,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1421/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.08333333333333,32.5 ], [ -117.08333333333333,32.78333333333333 ], [ -116.5,32.78333333333333 ], [ -116.5,32.5 ], [ -117.08333333333333,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80703,"text":"ofr20071420 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Witch Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071420","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1420","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Witch Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Witch Fire in San Diego County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 2.25 inches (57.15 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071420","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Witch Fire, San Diego County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1420, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071420.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10562,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1420/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.25,32.833333333333336 ], [ -117.25,33.25 ], [ -116.58333333333333,33.25 ], [ -116.58333333333333,32.833333333333336 ], [ -117.25,32.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80702,"text":"ofr20071419 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Santiago Fire, Orange County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20071419","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1419","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Santiago Fire, Orange County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Santiago Fire in Orange County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071419","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Santiago Fire, Orange County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1419, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071419.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10561,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1419/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.78333333333333,33.63333333333333 ], [ -117.78333333333333,33.8 ], [ -117.53333333333333,33.8 ], [ -117.53333333333333,33.63333333333333 ], [ -117.78333333333333,33.63333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6058c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80701,"text":"ofr20071418 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ranch Fire, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071418","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1418","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ranch Fire, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Ranch Fire in Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 2.25 inches (57.15 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071418","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ranch Fire, Ventura and Los Angeles Counties, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1418, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071418.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10560,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1418/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.93333333333334,34.38333333333333 ], [ -118.93333333333334,34.61666666666667 ], [ -118.63333333333334,34.61666666666667 ], [ -118.63333333333334,34.38333333333333 ], [ -118.93333333333334,34.38333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605899","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80700,"text":"ofr20071417 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Rice Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071417","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1417","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Rice Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Rice Fire in San Diego County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071417","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Rice Fire, San Diego County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1417, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071417.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10559,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1417/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.25,33.333333333333336 ], [ -117.25,33.43333333333333 ], [ -117.11666666666666,33.43333333333333 ], [ -117.11666666666666,33.333333333333336 ], [ -117.25,33.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6058b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80699,"text":"ofr20071416 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Slide and Grass Valley Fires, San Bernardino County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:38","indexId":"ofr20071416","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1416","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Slide and Grass Valley Fires, San Bernardino County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Slide and Grass Valley Fires in San Bernardino County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 3.50 inches (88.90 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071416","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Slide and Grass Valley Fires, San Bernardino County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1416, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071416.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10558,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1416/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.26666666666667,34.13333333333333 ], [ -117.26666666666667,34.31666666666667 ], [ -117.01666666666667,34.31666666666667 ], [ -117.01666666666667,34.13333333333333 ], [ -117.26666666666667,34.13333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66def3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80698,"text":"ofr20071415 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Canyon Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071415","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1415","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Canyon Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Canyon Fire in Los Angeles County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 2.25 inches (57.15 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071415","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Canyon Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1415, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071415.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10557,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1415/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.71666666666667,34.016666666666666 ], [ -118.71666666666667,34.083333333333336 ], [ -118.63333333333334,34.083333333333336 ], [ -118.63333333333334,34.016666666666666 ], [ -118.71666666666667,34.016666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688ca9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80697,"text":"ofr20071414 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Buckweed Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071414","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1414","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Buckweed Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Buckweed Fire in Los Angeles County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 2.25 inches (57.15 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071414","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Buckweed Fire, Los Angeles County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1414, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071414.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10556,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1414/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.61666666666666,34.36666666666667 ], [ -118.61666666666666,34.6 ], [ -118.3,34.6 ], [ -118.3,34.36666666666667 ], [ -118.61666666666666,34.36666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688ca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80696,"text":"ofr20071413 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ammo Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071413","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1413","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ammo Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Ammo Fire in San Diego County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071413","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Ammo Fire, San Diego County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1413, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071413.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10555,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1413/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.58333333333333,33.25 ], [ -117.58333333333333,33.416666666666664 ], [ -117.36666666666666,33.416666666666664 ], [ -117.36666666666666,33.25 ], [ -117.58333333333333,33.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80695,"text":"ofr20071411 - 2007 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Poomacha Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"ofr20071411","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1411","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Poomacha Fire, San Diego County, Southern California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe objective of this report is to present a preliminary emergency assessment of the potential for debris-flow generation from basins burned by the Poomacha Fire in San Diego County, southern California in 2007. Debris flows are among the most hazardous geologic phenomena; debris flows that followed wildfires in southern California in 2003 killed 16 people and caused tens of millions of dollars of property damage. A short period of even moderate rainfall on a burned watershed can lead to debris flows. Rainfall that is normally absorbed into hillslope soils can run off almost instantly after vegetation has been removed by wildfire. This causes much greater and more rapid runoff than is normal from creeks and drainage areas. Highly erodible soils in a burn scar allow flood waters to entrain large amounts of ash, mud, boulders, and unburned vegetation. Within the burned area and downstream, the force of rushing water, soil, and rock can destroy culverts, bridges, roadways, and buildings, potentially causing injury or death.\r\n\r\nThis emergency debris-flow hazard assessment is presented as relative ranking of the predicted median volume of debris flows that can issue from basin outlets in response to 2.25 inches (57.15 mm) of rainfall over a 3-hour period. Such a storm has a 10-year return period. The calculation of debris flow volume is based on a multiple-regression statistical model that describes the median volume of material that can be expected from a recently burned basin as a function of the area burned at high and moderate severity, the basin area with slopes greater than or equal to 30 percent, and triggering storm rainfall. Cannon and others (2007) describe the methods used to generate the hazard maps. Identification of potential debris-flow hazards from burned drainage basins is necessary to issue warnings for specific basins, to make effective mitigation decisions, and to help plan evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071411","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Michael, J.A., Bauer, M., Stitt, S.C., Knifong, D.L., McNamara, B.J., and Roque, Y.M., 2007, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the 2007 Poomacha Fire, San Diego County, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1411, 1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071411.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 24 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10554,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1411/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.08333333333333,33.166666666666664 ], [ -117.08333333333333,33.43333333333333 ], [ -116.75,33.43333333333333 ], [ -116.75,33.166666666666664 ], [ -117.08333333333333,33.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605874","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan C.","contributorId":71642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNamara, Bernard J. bjmcnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":1407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Bernard","email":"bjmcnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roque, Yvonne M. ymroque@usgs.gov","contributorId":1345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roque","given":"Yvonne","email":"ymroque@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":80693,"text":"sir20075256 - 2007 - Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI) for the Lower Missouri River Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T12:53:32","indexId":"sir20075256","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5256","title":"Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI) for the Lower Missouri River Valley","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI) was developed to serve as a relatively coarse-scale index to delineate broad land capability classes in the valley of the Lower Missouri River. The index integrates fundamental factors that determine suitability of land for various uses, and may provide a useful mechanism to guide land-management decisions. The LCPI was constructed from integration of hydrology, hydraulics, land-surface elevations, and soil permeability (or saturated hydraulic conductivity) datasets for an area of the Lower Missouri River, river miles 423–670. The LCPI estimates relative wetness based on intersecting water-surface elevations, interpolated from measurements or calculated from hydraulic models, with a high-resolution land-surface elevation dataset. The potential for wet areas to retain or drain water is assessed using soil-drainage classes that are estimated from saturated hydraulic conductivity of surface soils. Terrain mapping that delineates areas with convex, concave, and flat parts of the landscape provides another means to assess tendency of landscape patches to retain surface water.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075256","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, and The Nature Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Chojnacki, K.A., and Reuter, J.M., 2007, Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI) for the Lower Missouri River Valley: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5256, Report: vi, 20 p.; GIS Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075256.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 20 p.; GIS Data","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10551,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5256/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99,35 ], [ -99,45 ], [ -89,45 ], [ -89,35 ], [ -99,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4294","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chojnacki, Kimberly A. kchojnacki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Kimberly","email":"kchojnacki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reuter, Joanna M.","contributorId":50179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reuter","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80692,"text":"sim2960 - 2007 - Hydrogeologic Appraisal of the Valley-Fill Aquifer in the Port Jervis Trough, Sullivan and Ulster Counties, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sim2960","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2960","title":"Hydrogeologic Appraisal of the Valley-Fill Aquifer in the Port Jervis Trough, Sullivan and Ulster Counties, New York","docAbstract":"The nature and extent of valley-fill aquifers in the Port Jervis Trough was evaluated for a 16 mile section of this valley from the Orange-Sullivan County line near Westbrookville to the village of Napanoch in Ulster County as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Detailed Aquifer Mapping Program in New York State. The principal aquifer in the Port Jervis Trough is a 50 feet thick outwash aquifer that extends from the Phillipsport Moraine near Summitville, southward through the study area to Port Jervis, N.Y. Previous studies had estimated as much as 500 feet of saturated drift in parts of the Trough, but new well data show that much of the valley fill consists of fine-grained lacustrine sediments. Drillers' logs show that the outwash aquifer south of Summitville is underlain by as much as 275 feet of lacustrine silt and clay. North of the Phillipsport Moraine, three large glaciolacustrine deltas that were built into Glacial Lake Wawarsing provide some local and discontinuous confined aquifers through their coarser bottomset beds. Elsewhere in the Trough, collapsed and buried portions of kame deltas and terraces provide local confined aquifers. The outwash aquifer appears to be very transmissive, as evidenced by the high specific capacity of 130 gallons per minute per foot [(gal/min)/ft] of a commercial test well screened in the aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim2960","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R.J., 2007, Hydrogeologic Appraisal of the Valley-Fill Aquifer in the Port Jervis Trough, Sullivan and Ulster Counties, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2960, 5 Sheets - Sheet 1: 31 x 28 inches, Sheets 2 to 4: 32 x 28 inches, Sheet 5: 32 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2960.","productDescription":"5 Sheets - Sheet 1: 31 x 28 inches, Sheets 2 to 4: 32 x 28 inches, Sheet 5: 32 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110757,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82894.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"82894"},{"id":10550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2960/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.58333333333333,41.5 ], [ -74.58333333333333,41.75 ], [ -74.28416666666666,41.75 ], [ -74.28416666666666,41.5 ], [ -74.58333333333333,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J. 0000-0001-5032-6613 rjreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-6613","contributorId":1082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rjreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80690,"text":"ds306 - 2007 - Riparian Land Use/Land Cover Data for Five Study Units in the Nutrient Enrichment Effects Topical Study of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"ds306","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"306","title":"Riparian Land Use/Land Cover Data for Five Study Units in the Nutrient Enrichment Effects Topical Study of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"This dataset was developed as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, Nutrient Enrichment Effects Topical (NEET) study for five study units distributed across the United States: Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Central Columbia Plateau-Yakima River Basin, Central Nebraska Basins, Potomac River Basin and Delmarva Peninsula, and White, Great and Little Miami River Basins. One hundred forty-three stream reaches were examined as part of the NEET study conducted 2003-04. Stream segments, with lengths equal to the logarithm of the basin area, were delineated upstream from the downstream ends of the stream reaches with the use of digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles (DOQQ) or selected from the high-resolution National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Use of the NHD was necessary when the stream was not distinguishable in the DOQQ because of dense tree canopy. The analysis area for each stream segment was defined by a buffer beginning at the segment extending to 250 meters lateral to the stream segment. Delineation of land use/land cover (LULC) map units within stream segment buffers was conducted using on-screen digitizing of riparian LULC classes interpreted from the DOQQ. LULC units were mapped using a classification strategy consisting of nine classes. National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) data were used to aid in wetland classification. Longitudinal transect sampling lines offset from the stream segments were generated and partitioned into the underlying LULC types. These longitudinal samples yielded the relative linear extent and sequence of each LULC type within the riparian zone at the segment scale. The resulting areal and linear LULC data filled in the spatial-scale gap between the 30-meter resolution of the National Land Cover Dataset and the reach-level habitat assessment data collected onsite routinely for NAWQA ecological sampling. The final data consisted of 12 geospatial datasets: LULC within 25 meters of the stream reach (polygon); LULC within 50 meters of the stream reach (polygon); LULC within 50 meters of the stream segment (polygon); LULC within 100 meters of the stream segment (polygon); LULC within 150 meters of the stream segment (polygon); LULC within 250 meters of the stream segment (polygon); frequency of gaps in woody vegetation LULC at the reach scale (arc); stream reaches (arc); longitudinal LULC at the reach scale (arc); frequency of gaps in woody vegetation LULC at the segment scale (arc); stream segments (arc); and longitudinal LULC at the segment scale (arc).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds306","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M., Buell, G.R., Kim, M.H., and Nardi, M.R., 2007, Riparian Land Use/Land Cover Data for Five Study Units in the Nutrient Enrichment Effects Topical Study of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 306, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds306.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10547,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a11e4b07f02db60043d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buell, Gary R. grbuell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buell","given":"Gary","email":"grbuell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, Moon H. 0000-0002-4328-8409 mkim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-8409","contributorId":3211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Moon","email":"mkim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nardi, Mark R. 0000-0002-7310-8050 mrnardi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-8050","contributorId":1859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nardi","given":"Mark","email":"mrnardi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80681,"text":"ds293 - 2007 - Database for the Geologic Map of the Summit Region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T12:55:22","indexId":"ds293","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"293","title":"Database for the Geologic Map of the Summit Region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>INTRODUCTION The area covered by this map includes parts of four U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5' topographic quadrangles (Kilauea Crater, Volcano, Ka`u Desert, and Makaopuhi). It encompasses the summit, upper rift zones, and Koa`e Fault System of Kilauea Volcano and a part of the adjacent, southeast flank of Mauna Loa Volcano. The map is dominated by products of eruptions from Kilauea Volcano, the southernmost of the five volcanoes on the Island of Hawai`i and one of the world's most active volcanoes. At its summit (1,243 m) is Kilauea Crater, a 3 km-by-5 km collapse caldera that formed, possibly over several centuries, between about 200 and 500 years ago. Radiating away from the summit caldera are two linear zones of intrusion and eruption, the east and the southwest rift zones. Repeated subaerial eruptions from the summit and rift zones have built a gently sloping, elongate shield volcano covering approximately 1,500 km2. Much of the volcano lies under water: the east rift zone extends 110 km from the summit to a depth of more than 5,000 m below sea level; whereas, the southwest rift zone has a more limited submarine continuation. South of the summit caldera, mostly north-facing normal faults and open fractures of the Koa`e Fault System extend between the two rift zones. The Koa`e Fault System is interpreted as a tear-away structure that accommodates southward movement of Kilauea's flank in response to distension of the volcano perpendicular to the rift zones. This digital release contains all the information used to produce the geologic map published as USGS Geologic Investigations Series I-2759 (Neal and Lockwood, 2003). The main component of this digital release is a geologic map database prepared using ArcInfo GIS. This release also contains printable files for the geologic map and accompanying descriptive pamphlet from I-2759.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds293","usgsCitation":"Dutton, D.R., Ramsey, D.W., Bruggman, P.E., Felger, T.J., Lougee, E., Margriter, S., Showalter, P., Neal, C., and Lockwood, J.P., 2007, Database for the Geologic Map of the Summit Region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 293, Available online and soon on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds293.","productDescription":"Available online and soon on CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10538,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2007/293/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110758,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82895.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"82895"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.4,16.3 ], [ -155.4,19.5 ], [ -155,19.5 ], [ -155,16.3 ], [ -155.4,16.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db674054","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dutton, Dillon R.","contributorId":75817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"Dillon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, David W. 0000-0003-1698-2523 dramsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2523","contributorId":3819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"David","email":"dramsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bruggman, Peggy E.","contributorId":64107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruggman","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Felger, Tracey J. 0000-0003-0841-4235 tfelger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-4235","contributorId":1117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felger","given":"Tracey","email":"tfelger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lougee, Ellen","contributorId":96159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lougee","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Margriter, Sandy","contributorId":19438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margriter","given":"Sandy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Showalter, Patrick","contributorId":11891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Showalter","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lockwood, John P. 0000-0002-6562-0222","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6562-0222","contributorId":30976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":80691,"text":"ofr20071407 - 2007 - Preliminary analytical results for ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T09:43:03","indexId":"ofr20071407","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1407","title":"Preliminary analytical results for ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California wildfires","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected ash and burned soils from about 28 sites in southern California wildfire areas (Harris, Witch, Ammo, Santiago, Canyon and Grass Valley) from Nov. 2 through 9, 2007 (table 1). USGS researchers are applying a wide variety of analytical methods to these samples, with the goal of helping identify characteristics of the ash and soils from wildland and suburban burned areas that may be of concern for their potential to adversely affect water quality, human health, endangered species, and debris-flow or flooding hazards. These studies are part of the Southern California Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project, and preliminary findings are presented here.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071407","usgsCitation":"Plumlee, G.S., Martin, D.A., Hoefen, T., Kokaly, R., Hageman, P., Eckberg, A., Meeker, G.P., Adams, M., Anthony, M., and Lamothe, P.J., 2007, Preliminary analytical results for ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California wildfires (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1407, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071407.","productDescription":"15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10548,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1407/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":1900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoefen, Todd 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":97210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101 raymond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":1785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond F.","email":"raymond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hageman, Philip","contributorId":93996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eckberg, Alison","contributorId":100091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckberg","given":"Alison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Adams, Monique madams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique","email":"madams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anthony, Michael","contributorId":33419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":80685,"text":"ofr20071310 - 2007 - Submarine ground water discharge and fate along the coast of Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii Part I: Time-series measurements of currents, waves, salinity and temperature: November 2005 – July 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T18:16:41.117134","indexId":"ofr20071310","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1310","title":"Submarine ground water discharge and fate along the coast of Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii Part I: Time-series measurements of currents, waves, salinity and temperature: November 2005 – July 2006","docAbstract":"<p>The impending development for the west Hawai‘i coastline adjacent to Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park (KAHO) may potentially alter coastal hydrology and water quality in the marine waters of the park. Water resources are perhaps the most significant natural and cultural resource component in the park, and are critical to the health and well being of six federally listed species. KAHO contains ecosystems of brackish anchialine pools, two 11-acre fishponds, and 596 acres of coral reef habitats, all fed by groundwater originating upslope. The steep gradients on high islands, combined with typically porous substrates and high rainfall levels at upper elevations, make these settings especially vulnerable to shifts in submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and its entrained nutrients and pollutants. Little is known about the magnitude, rate, frequency, and variability of SGD and its influence on contaminant loading to Hawaiian coastal environments.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Recent studies show that groundwater flux through the park is vital to many ecosystem components including anchialine ponds and wetland biota. The function of these ecosystems may be vulnerable to changes in groundwater flow stemming from natural changes (climate and sea level) and land use (groundwater pumping and contamination). Oki and others (1999) showed that increased groundwater withdrawals for urban development since 1978 likely decreased groundwater flux to the coast by 50%. During this same time, the quality of groundwater has been vulnerable to increases in contaminant and nutrient/fertilizer additions associated with industrial, commercial and residential use upslope from KAHO (Oki and others, 1999).</p>\n<br>\n<p>High-resolution measurements of waves, currents, water levels, temperature and salinity were collected in the marine portion of the park from November, 2005, through July, 2006, to establish baseline information on the magnitude, rate, frequency, and variability of SGD. These data are intended to help researchers and resource managers better understand the hydrodynamics of the oceanographic environment in the park’s coastal waters as it pertains to the pathway of SGD and associated nutrient and contaminant input to the park’s coral reef ecosystem.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Measurements were made of the oceanographic environment (waves, tides, currents, salinity and temperature) using hydrodynamic techniques to characterize and quantify the distribution, input and throughput of freshwater and associated nutrient/contaminant within the near shore environment of KAHO through the emplacement of a series of bottom-mounted instruments deployed in water depths less than 15 m. This study was conducted in support of the National Park Service (NPS) by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program’s Coral Reef Project. These measurements support the ongoing studies of the Coral Reef Project to better understand the transport mechanisms of sediment, larvae, nutrients, pollutants and other particles on Pacific coral reefs. Subsequent reports will address the spatial and temporal variability in groundwater input and the associated nutrient flux in the park’s waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071310","usgsCitation":"Presto, M., Storlazzi, C., Logan, J., and Grossman, E., 2007, Submarine ground water discharge and fate along the coast of Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii Part I: Time-series measurements of currents, waves, salinity and temperature: November 2005 – July 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1310, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071310.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-11-01","temporalEnd":"2006-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071310.PNG"},{"id":390524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82897.htm"},{"id":293661,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1310/of2007-1310.pdf"},{"id":10542,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1310/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.0383,\n              19.6642\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.02,\n              19.6642\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.02,\n              19.6917\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.0383,\n              19.6917\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.0383,\n              19.6642\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presto, M. Katherine","contributorId":30192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presto","given":"M. Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":77889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Logan, Joshua B.","contributorId":34470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Joshua B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grossman, Eric E.","contributorId":40677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70143020,"text":"70143020 - 2007 - Ground water flow modeling with sensitivity analyses to guide field data collection in a mountain watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T14:17:56","indexId":"70143020","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-01T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1866,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground water flow modeling with sensitivity analyses to guide field data collection in a mountain watershed","docAbstract":"<p>In mountain watersheds, the increased demand for clean water resources has led to an increased need for an understanding of ground water flow in alpine settings. In Prospect Gulch, located in southwestern Colorado, understanding the ground water flow system is an important first step in addressing metal loads from acid-mine drainage and acid-rock drainage in an area with historical mining. Ground water flow modeling with sensitivity analyses are presented as a general tool to guide future field data collection, which is applicable to any ground water study, including mountain watersheds. For a series of conceptual models, the observation and sensitivity capabilities of MODFLOW-2000 are used to determine composite scaled sensitivities, dimensionless scaled sensitivities, and 1% scaled sensitivity maps of hydraulic head. These sensitivities determine the most important input parameter(s) along with the location of observation data that are most useful for future model calibration. The results are generally independent of the conceptual model and indicate recharge in a high-elevation recharge zone as the most important parameter, followed by the hydraulic conductivities in all layers and recharge in the next lower-elevation zone. The most important observation data in determining these parameters are hydraulic heads at high elevations, with a depth of less than 100 m being adequate. Evaluation of a possible geologic structure with a different hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding bedrock indicates that ground water discharge to individual stream reaches has the potential to identify some of these structures. Results of these sensitivity analyses can be used to prioritize data collection in an effort to reduce time and money spend by collecting the most relevant model calibration data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Dublin, OH","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2006.00125.x","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., 2007, Ground water flow modeling with sensitivity analyses to guide field data collection in a mountain watershed: Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 75-83, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2006.00125.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2006.00125.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507fec0e4b02e76d757c14a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":542436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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