Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the hydrologic cycle, accounting for ~70% of precipitation in the conterminous U.S. (CONUS), but it has been a challenge to predict accurately across different spatio-temporal scales. The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has led to significant advances in the frequency and spatial resolution of ET estimates, derived from energy balance principles with variables such as temperature used to estimate surface latent heat flux. Although remote sensing methods excel at depicting spatial and temporal variability, estimation of ET independently of other water budget components can lead to inconsistency with other budget terms. Methods that rely on ground-based data better constrain long-term ET, but are unable to provide the same temporal resolution. Here we combine long-term ET estimates from a water-balance approach with the SSEBop (operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance) remote sensing-based ET product for 2000–2015. We test the new combined method, the original SSEBop product, and another remote sensing ET product (MOD16) against monthly measurements from 119 flux towers. The new product showed advantages especially in non-irrigated areas where the new method showed a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.44, compared to 0.41 for SSEBop or 0.35 for MOD16. The resulting monthly data set will be a useful, unique contribution to ET estimation, due to its combination of remote sensing-based variability and ground-based long-term water balance constraints.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs9121181","usgsCitation":"Reitz, M., Senay, G., and Sanford, W.E., 2017, Combining remote sensing and water-balance evapotranspiration estimates for the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing, v. 9, no. 12, 1181, 17 p.; Data release, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121181.","productDescription":"1181, 17 p.; Data release","ipdsId":"IP-090961","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469292,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121181","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397955,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QC02FK","text":"USGS data 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Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194472,"text":"70194472 - 2017 - Progress and lessons learned from water-quality monitoring networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T10:00:52","indexId":"70194472","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5570,"text":"Chemistry and Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Progress and lessons learned from water-quality monitoring networks","docAbstract":"Stream-quality monitoring networks in the United States were initiated and expanded after passage of successive federal water-pollution control laws from 1948 to 1972. The first networks addressed information gaps on the extent and severity of stream pollution and served as early warning systems for spills. From 1965 to 1972, monitoring networks expanded to evaluate compliance with stream standards, track emerging issues, and assess water-quality status and trends. After 1972, concerns arose regarding the ability of monitoring networks to determine if water quality was getting better or worse and why. As a result, monitoring networks adopted a hydrologic systems approach targeted to key water-quality issues, accounted for human and natural factors affecting water quality, innovated new statistical methods, and introduced geographic information systems and models that predict water quality at unmeasured locations. Despite improvements, national-scale monitoring networks have declined over time. Only about 1%, or 217, of more than 36,000 US Geological Survey monitoring sites sampled from 1975 to 2014 have been operated throughout the four decades since passage of the 1972 Clean Water Act. Efforts to sustain monitoring networks are important because these networks have collected information crucial to the description of water-quality trends over time and are providing information against which to evaluate future trends.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The science behind sustaining the world's most crucial resource","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-809330-6.00002-7","usgsCitation":"Myers, D.N., and Ludtke, A.S., 2017, Progress and lessons learned from water-quality monitoring networks, chap. of The science behind sustaining the world's most crucial resource: Chemistry and Water, p. 23-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809330-6.00002-7.","productDescription":"98 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"120","ipdsId":"IP-079349","costCenters":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafce4b06e28e9c22a92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, Donna N. 0000-0001-6359-2865 dnmyers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-2865","contributorId":512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Donna","email":"dnmyers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludtke, Amy S. asludtke@usgs.gov","contributorId":4735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludtke","given":"Amy","email":"asludtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194473,"text":"70194473 - 2017 - Constraining the magmatic system at Mount St. Helens (2004–2008) using Bayesian inversion with physics-based models including gas escape and crystallization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T10:34:41","indexId":"70194473","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraining the magmatic system at Mount St. Helens (2004–2008) using Bayesian inversion with physics-based models including gas escape and crystallization","docAbstract":"Physics-based models of volcanic eruptions track conduit processes as functions of depth and time. When used in inversions, these models permit integration of diverse geological and geophysical data sets to constrain important parameters of magmatic systems. We develop a 1-D steady state conduit model for effusive eruptions including equilibrium crystallization and gas transport through the conduit and compare with the quasi-steady dome growth phase of Mount St. Helens in 2005. Viscosity increase resulting from pressure-dependent crystallization leads to a natural transition from viscous flow to frictional sliding on the conduit margin. Erupted mass flux depends strongly on wall rock and magma permeabilities due to their impact on magma density. Including both lateral and vertical gas transport reveals competing effects that produce nonmonotonic behavior in the mass flux when increasing magma permeability. Using this physics-based model in a Bayesian inversion, we link data sets from Mount St. Helens such as extrusion flux and earthquake depths with petrological data to estimate unknown model parameters, including magma chamber pressure and water content, magma permeability constants, conduit radius, and friction along the conduit walls. Even with this relatively simple model and limited data, we obtain improved constraints on important model parameters. We find that the magma chamber had low (<5wt%) total volatiles and that the magma permeability scale is well constrained at ~10-11.4 m2 to reproduce observed dome rock porosities. Compared with previous results, higher magma overpressure and lower wall friction are required to compensate for increased viscous resistance while keeping extrusion rate at the observed value.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017JB014343","usgsCitation":"Wong, Y., Segall, P., Bradley, A., and Anderson, K.R., 2017, Constraining the magmatic system at Mount St. Helens (2004–2008) using Bayesian inversion with physics-based models including gas escape and crystallization: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 122, no. 10, p. 7789-7812, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014343.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"7789","endPage":"7812","ipdsId":"IP-086340","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1411224","text":"External Repository"},{"id":349506,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.63214111328125,\n 45.94160076422081\n ],\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 45.94160076422081\n ],\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 46.494610770689384\n ],\n [\n -122.63214111328125,\n 46.494610770689384\n ],\n [\n -122.63214111328125,\n 45.94160076422081\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafce4b06e28e9c22a90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, Ying-Qi","contributorId":200978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Ying-Qi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Segall, Paul","contributorId":75942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segall","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, Andrew","contributorId":200980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194474,"text":"70194474 - 2017 - EROD activity, chromosomal damage, and oxidative stress in response to contaminants exposure in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nestlings from Great Lakes Areas of Concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T10:29:20","indexId":"70194474","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"EROD activity, chromosomal damage, and oxidative stress in response to contaminants exposure in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nestlings from Great Lakes Areas of Concern","docAbstract":"Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor, nestlings were collected from 60 sites in the Great Lakes, which included multiple sites within 27 Areas of Concern (AOCs) and six sites not listed as AOCs from 2010 to 2014. Nestlings, approximately 12 days-of-age, were evaluated for ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (EROD) activity, chromosomal damage, and six measures of oxidative stress. Data on each of these biomarkers were divided into four equal numbered groups from the highest to lowest values and the groups were compared to contaminant concentrations using multivariate analysis. Contaminant concentrations, from the same nestlings, included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), and 17 elements. Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (aPAHs) and parent PAHs (pPAHs) were measured in pooled nestling dietary samples. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and pesticides were measured in sibling eggs. Concentrations of aPAHs, pPAHs, chlordane, dieldrin, heptachlor, and PCBs, in that order, were the major contributors to the significant differences between the lowest and highest EROD activities; PFCs, PBDEs, the remaining pesticides, and all elements were of secondary importance. The four categories of chromosomal damage did not separate out well based on the contaminants measured. Concentrations of aPAHs, pPAHs, heptachlor, PCBs, chlordane, and dieldrin were the major contributors to the significant differences between the lowest and highest activities of two oxidative stress measures, total sulfhydryl (TSH) activity and protein bound sulfhydryl (PBSH) activity. The four categories of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), and the ratio of GSSG/GSH did not separate well based on the contaminants measured.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-017-1863-7","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Custer, C.M., Dummer, P.M., Bigorgne, E., Oziolor, E., Karouna-Renier, N., Schultz, S.L., Erickson, R.A., Aagaard, K., and Matson, C., 2017, EROD activity, chromosomal damage, and oxidative stress in response to contaminants exposure in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nestlings from Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Ecotoxicology, v. 26, no. 10, p. 1392-1407, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-017-1863-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1392","endPage":"1407","ipdsId":"IP-085851","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences 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They are the most carnivorous of bear species consuming a high-fat diet, primarily of ice-associated seals and other marine mammals. They range throughout the circumpolar Arctic to the southernmost extent of seasonal pack ice.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of marine mammals","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","isbn":"9780128043271","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., and Stirling, I., 2017, Polar bears, Ursus maritimus, chap. of Encyclopedia of marine mammals, p. 743-746.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"743","endPage":"746","ipdsId":"IP-076113","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349523,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.elsevier.com/books/encyclopedia-of-marine-mammals/wursig/978-0-12-804327-1"}],"edition":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafde4b06e28e9c22a9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stirling, Ian","contributorId":72079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stirling","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6962,"text":"Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194477,"text":"70194477 - 2017 - The hyper-enrichment of V and Zn in black shales of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:34:54","indexId":"70194477","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The hyper-enrichment of V and Zn in black shales of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (USA)","docAbstract":"Black shales of the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian Bakken Formation are characterized by high concentrations of organic carbon and the hyper-enrichment (> 500 to 1000s of mg/kg) of V and Zn. Deposition of black shales resulted from shallow seafloor depths that promoted rapid development of euxinic conditions. Vanadium hyper-enrichments, which are unknown in modern environments, are likely the result of very high levels of dissolved H2S (~ 10 mM) in bottom waters or sediments. Because modern hyper-enrichments of Zn are documented only in Framvaren Fjord (Norway), it is likely that the biogeochemical trigger responsible for Zn hyper-enrichment in Framvaren Fjord was also present in the Bakken basin. With Framvaren Fjord as an analogue, we propose a causal link between the activity of phototrophic sulfide oxidizing bacteria, related to the development of photic-zone euxinia, and the hyper-enrichment of Zn in black shales of the Bakken Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.01.026","usgsCitation":"Scott, C., Slack, J.F., and Kelley, K.D., 2017, The hyper-enrichment of V and Zn in black shales of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (USA): Chemical Geology, v. 452, p. 24-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.01.026.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-078833","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.01.026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Manitoba, Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"452","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafce4b06e28e9c22a87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Clint 0000-0003-2778-2711 clintonscott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2778-2711","contributorId":5332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Clint","email":"clintonscott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelley, Karen Duttweiler 0000-0002-3232-5809 kdkelley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":192758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen","email":"kdkelley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Duttweiler","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194476,"text":"70194476 - 2017 - Bacterial sulfur disproportionation constrains timing of neoproterozoic oxygenation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T10:25:30","indexId":"70194476","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial sulfur disproportionation constrains timing of neoproterozoic oxygenation","docAbstract":"Various geochemical records suggest that atmospheric O2 increased in the Ediacaran (635–541 Ma), broadly coincident with the emergence and diversification of large animals and increasing marine ecosystem complexity. Furthermore, geochemical proxies indicate that seawater sulfate levels rose at this time too, which has been hypothesized to reflect increased sulfide oxidation in marine sediments caused by sediment mixing of the newly evolved macrofauna. However, the exact timing of oxygenation is not yet understood, and there are claims for significant oxygenation prior to the Ediacaran. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that physical mixing of sediments did not become important until the late Silurian. Here we report a multiple sulfur isotope record from a ca. 835–630 Ma succession from Svalbard, further supported by data from Proterozoic strata in Canada, Australia, Russia, and the United States, in order to investigate the timing of oxygenation. We present isotopic evidence for onset of globally significant bacterial sulfur disproportionation and reoxidative sulfur cycling following the 635 Ma Marinoan glaciation. Widespread sulfide oxidation helps to explain the observed first-order increase in seawater sulfate concentration from the earliest Ediacaran to the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary by reducing the amount of sulfur buried as pyrite. Expansion of reoxidative sulfur cycling to a global scale also indicates increasing environmental O2 levels. Thus, our data suggest that increasing atmospheric O2 levels may have played a role in the emergence of the Ediacaran macrofauna and increasing marine ecosystem complexity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G38602.1","usgsCitation":"Kunzmann, M., Bui, T.H., Crockford, P.W., Halverson, G.P., Scott, C., Lyons, T.W., and Wing, B.A., 2017, Bacterial sulfur disproportionation constrains timing of neoproterozoic oxygenation: Geology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 207-210, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38602.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-076614","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia, Canada, Russia, United States","volume":"45","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafce4b06e28e9c22a8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kunzmann, Marcus","contributorId":200984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kunzmann","given":"Marcus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bui, Thi Hao","contributorId":200985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bui","given":"Thi","email":"","middleInitial":"Hao","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crockford, Peter W.","contributorId":200986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crockford","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halverson, Galen P.","contributorId":200987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halverson","given":"Galen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, Clint 0000-0003-2778-2711 clintonscott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2778-2711","contributorId":5332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Clint","email":"clintonscott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lyons, Timothy W.","contributorId":196850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wing, Boswell A.","contributorId":200989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wing","given":"Boswell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70194447,"text":"70194447 - 2017 - Refining the formation and early evolution of the Eastern North American Margin: New insights from multiscale magnetic anomaly analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T13:56:31","indexId":"70194447","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Refining the formation and early evolution of the Eastern North American Margin: New insights from multiscale magnetic anomaly analyses","docAbstract":"To investigate the oceanic lithosphere formation and early seafloor spreading history of the North Atlantic Ocean, we examine multiscale magnetic anomaly data from the Jurassic/Early Cretaceous age Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) between 31 and 40°N. We integrate newly acquired sea surface magnetic anomaly and seismic reflection data with publicly available aeromagnetic and composite magnetic anomaly grids, satellite-derived gravity anomaly, and satellite-derived and shipboard bathymetry data. We evaluate these data sets to (1) refine magnetic anomaly correlations throughout the ENAM and assign updated ages and chron numbers to M0–M25 and eight pre-M25 anomalies; (2) identify five correlatable magnetic anomalies between the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA) and Blake Spur Magnetic Anomaly (BSMA), which may document the earliest Atlantic seafloor spreading or synrift magmatism; (3) suggest preexisting margin structure and rifting segmentation may have influenced the seafloor spreading regimes in the Atlantic Jurassic Quiet Zone (JQZ); (4) suggest that, if the BSMA source is oceanic crust, the BSMA may be M series magnetic anomaly M42 (~168.5 Ma); (5) examine the along and across margin variation in seafloor spreading rates and spreading center orientations from the BSMA to M25, suggesting asymmetric crustal accretion accommodated the straightening of the ridge from the bend in the ECMA to the more linear M25; and (6) observe anomalously high-amplitude magnetic anomalies near the Hudson Fan, which may be related to a short-lived propagating rift segment that could have helped accommodate the crustal alignment during the early Atlantic opening.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017JB014308","usgsCitation":"Greene, J., Tominaga, M., Miller, N.C., Hutchinson, D., and Karl, M.R., 2017, Refining the formation and early evolution of the Eastern North American Margin: New insights from multiscale magnetic anomaly analyses: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 122, no. 11, p. 8724-8748, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014308.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"8724","endPage":"8748","ipdsId":"IP-089007","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jb014308","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Eastern North American Margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -62,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -62,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafde4b06e28e9c22a95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, John A. 0000-0002-4310-602X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-602X","contributorId":200999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tominaga, Masako 0000-0002-1169-4146","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-4146","contributorId":200937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tominaga","given":"Masako","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Nathaniel C. 0000-0003-3271-2929 ncmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3271-2929","contributorId":174592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Nathaniel","email":"ncmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":174836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karl, Matthew R.","contributorId":200938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karl","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194441,"text":"70194441 - 2017 - Conceptual model for invasive bivalve control on wetland productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T10:09:17","indexId":"70194441","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5573,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"91","title":"Conceptual model for invasive bivalve control on wetland productivity","docAbstract":"Tidal wetlands were the historically dominant features of many coastal regions around the world, including the San Francisco Estuary (Callaway et al. 2011; Whipple et al. 2012). These mosaics of varied interconnected habitats (Mitsch and Gosselink 1993) provide a host of ecosystem services, including biodiversity maintenance, fish and wildlife habitat, water quality improvement, flood abatement, and carbon sequestration (Rabenhorst 1995; Costanza et al. 1997; Bottom et al. 2005; Zedler and Kercher 2005; Barbier et al. 2010). They also support human activities and values such as recreation and aesthetic appreciation (Barbier et al. 2010; Milligan and Kraus-Polk 2016). Despite their critical functions, many wetland landscapes have been destroyed or irreparably altered, either incidentally or intentionally, by human activities (Holland et al. 2004; Zedler and Kercher 2005; Callaway et al. 2011; Cloern and Jassby 2012; Whipple et al. 2012; Schile et al. 2014).
San Francisco Estuary (SFE) (see Figure 1) tidal wetlands were largely converted to other land uses in the late 1800s and early 1900s, with the extent of loss and new use varying by region. Wetland losses in the North, Central, and South San Francisco bays and Suisun Bay ranged from 70 percent to 93 percent to accommodate agricultural uses, salt production, managed waterfowl habitat, and urban development (Callaway et al. 2011). Landscape transformation within the most inland portion of the SFE, the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta), was even more dramatic. Overall, today’s Delta contains 97 percent less freshwater tidal wetland than its historical state and nearly double the open water area (Whipple et al. 2012). The majority of the modern Delta consists of agricultural tracts protected from tidal waters by human-made dikes or levees, which are commonly armored with riprap. The de-watered, rich peat soils of these created islands have supported abundant agricultural production, but have oxidized, compacted, and blown away in the process, causing significant subsidence (Deverel and Leighton 2010). Occasional levee failures turn islands into lakes; a few large shallow lakes remain after accidental levee breaches were not repaired (Whipple et al. 2012).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of tidal wetland restoration on fish: A suite of conceptual models","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program","usgsCitation":"Hartman, R., Brown, L.R., Thompson, J.K., and Parchaso, F., 2017, Conceptual model for invasive bivalve control on wetland productivity: Interagency Ecological Program Technical Report 91, 34 p.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"258","ipdsId":"IP-084615","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.water.ca.gov/iep/docs/tech_rpts/TR91.Wetland_CM_2Nov2017.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.2720947265625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -121.124267578125,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -121.124267578125,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -123.2720947265625,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -123.2720947265625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafde4b06e28e9c22a9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, Rosemary","contributorId":200388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartman","given":"Rosemary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parchaso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":150620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchaso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193409,"text":"70193409 - 2017 - Field practices: Assessing tiger population dynamics using photographic captures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T10:12:03","indexId":"70193409","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Field practices: Assessing tiger population dynamics using photographic captures","docAbstract":"From these histories, capture frequency statistics and estimates of capture probabilities can be derived.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Methods for monitoring tiger and prey populations ","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-981-10-5436-5_10","usgsCitation":"Karanth, K.U., Nichols, J., Harihar, A., Miquelle, D., Kumar, N.S., and Dorazio, R., 2017, Field practices: Assessing tiger population dynamics using photographic captures, chap. of Methods for monitoring tiger and prey populations , p. 191-224, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5436-5_10.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"224","ipdsId":"IP-086076","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafee4b06e28e9c22ab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karanth, K. Ullas","contributorId":192144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ullas","affiliations":[{"id":13272,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":199078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harihar, Abishek","contributorId":199395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harihar","given":"Abishek","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miquelle, Dale","contributorId":199396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miquelle","given":"Dale","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kumar, N. Samba","contributorId":52701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Samba","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":172151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193649,"text":"70193649 - 2017 - Volcanic ash and aviation–The challenges of real-time, global communication of a natural hazard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T14:15:44","indexId":"70193649","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Volcanic ash and aviation–The challenges of real-time, global communication of a natural hazard","docAbstract":"More than 30 years after the first major aircraft encounters with volcanic ash over Indonesia in 1982, it remains challenging to inform aircraft in flight of the exact location of potentially dangerous ash clouds on their flight path, particularly shortly after the eruption has occurred. The difficulties include reliably forecasting and detecting the onset of significant explosive eruptions on a global basis, observing the dispersal of eruption clouds in real time, capturing their complex structure and constituents in atmospheric transport models, describing these observations and modelling results in a manner suitable for aviation users, delivering timely warning messages to the cockpit, flight planners and air traffic management systems, and the need for scientific development in order to undertake operational enhancements. The framework under which these issues are managed is the International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW), administered by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). \nICAO outlines in its standards and recommended practices (International Civil Aviation Organization, 2014) the basic volcanic monitoring and communication that is necessary at volcano observatories in Member States (countries). However, not all volcanoes are monitored and not all countries with volcanoes have mandated volcano observatories or equivalents. To add to the efforts of volcano observatories, a system of Meteorological Watch Offices, Air Traffic Management Area Control Centres, and nine specialist Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAACs) are responsible for observing, analysing, forecasting and communicating the aviation hazard (airborne ash), using agreed techniques and messages in defined formats. Continuous improvement of the IAVW framework is overseen by expert groups representing the operators of the system, the user community, and the science community. The IAVW represents a unique marriage of two scientific disciplines - volcanology and meteorology - with the aviation user community. \nThere have been many multifaceted volcanic eruptions in complex meteorological conditions during the history of the IAVW. Each new eruption brings new insights into how the warning system can be improved, and each reinforces the lessons that have gone before. The management of these events has improved greatly since the major ash encounters in the 1980s, but discontinuities in the warning and communications system still occur. A good example is a 2014 ash encounter over Indonesia following the eruption of Kelut where the warnings did not reach the aircraft crew. Other events present enormous management challenges – for example the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland was, overall, less hazardous than many less publicised eruptions, but numerous small to moderate explosions over several weeks produced widespread disruption and a large economic impact. \nAt the time of writing, while there has been hundreds of millions of US dollars in damage to aircraft from encounters with ash, there have been no fatalities resulting from aviation incidents in, or proximal to volcanic ash cloud. This reflects, at least in part, the hard work done in putting together a global warning system - although to some extent it also reflects a measure of good statistical fortune. \nIn order to minimise the risk of aircraft encounters with volcanic ash clouds, the global effort continues. The future priorities for the IAVW are strongly focused on enhancing communication before, and at the very onset of a volcanic ash-producing event (typically the more dangerous stage), together with improved downstream information and warning systems to help reduce the economic impact of eruptions on aviation.","largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Volcanology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/11157_2016_49","usgsCitation":"Lechner, P., Tupper, A.C., Guffanti, M.C., Loughlin, S., and Casadevall, T., 2017, Volcanic ash and aviation–The challenges of real-time, global communication of a natural hazard, chap. of Advances in Volcanology, p. 1 -14, https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_49.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1 ","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-066192","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_49","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafde4b06e28e9c22aa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lechner, Peter","contributorId":199685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lechner","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tupper, Andrew C.","contributorId":189115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tupper","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guffanti, Marianne C. guffanti@usgs.gov","contributorId":641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"Marianne","email":"guffanti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loughlin, Sue","contributorId":199686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loughlin","given":"Sue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casadevall, Thomas","contributorId":199687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casadevall","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193651,"text":"70193651 - 2017 - Role of social media and networking in volcanic crises and communication","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T14:12:51","indexId":"70193651","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Role of social media and networking in volcanic crises and communication","docAbstract":"The growth of social media as a primary and often preferred news source has contributed to the rapid dissemination of information about volcanic eruptions and potential volcanic crises as an eruption begins. Information about volcanic activity comes from a variety of sources: news organisations, emergency management personnel, individuals (both public and official) and volcano monitoring agencies. Once posted, this information is easily shared, increasing the reach to a much broader population than the original audience. The onset and popularity of social media as a vehicle for eruption information dissemination has presented many benefits as well as challenges, and points towards a need for a more unified system for information. This includes volcano observatories using social media as an official channels to distribute activity statements, forecasts and predictions on social media, in addition to the archiving of images and data activity. This chapter looks at two examples of projects that collect / disseminate information regarding volcanic crises and eruptive activity utilizing social media sources. Based on those examples, recommendations are made to volcanic observatories in relation to the use of social media as a two-way communication tool. These recommendations include: using social media as a two-way dialogue to communicate and receive information directly from the public and other sources; stating that the social media account is from an official source; and, posting types of information that the public are seeking such as images, videos and figures.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Volcanology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/11157_2015_13","usgsCitation":"Sennert, S.K., Klemetti, E.W., and Bird, D., 2017, Role of social media and networking in volcanic crises and communication, chap. of Advances in Volcanology, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2015_13.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-066483","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2015_13","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fafde4b06e28e9c22aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sennert, Sally K. ssennert@usgs.gov","contributorId":5459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sennert","given":"Sally","email":"ssennert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klemetti, Erik W.","contributorId":139092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemetti","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12650,"text":"Denison University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bird, Deanne","contributorId":199688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"Deanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190686,"text":"sir20175102 - 2017 - Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of wells in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of north-central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T10:11:21","indexId":"sir20175102","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-28T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5102","title":"Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of wells in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of north-central Texas","docAbstract":"In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey published an assessment of technically recoverable continuous oil and gas resources of the Mississippian Barnett Shale in the Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of north-central Texas. Of the two assessment units involved in the overall assessment, one included a roughly equal number of oil wells and gas wells as classified by the U.S. Geological Survey’s standard of gas wells having production greater than or equal to 20,000 cubic feet of gas per barrel of oil and oil wells having production less than 20,000 cubic feet of gas per barrel of oil. As a result, estimated ultimate recoveries (EURs) were calculated for both oil wells and gas wells in one of the assessment units. Generally, only gas EURs or only oil EURs are calculated for an assessment unit. These EURs were calculated with data from IHS MarkitTM using DeclinePlus software in the Harmony interface and were a major component of the quantitative resource assessment. The calculated mean EURs ranged from 235 to 2,078 million cubic feet of gas and 21 to 39 thousand barrels of oil for various subsets of wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175102","usgsCitation":"Leathers-Miller, H.M., 2017, Procedure for calculating estimated ultimate recoveries of wells in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of north-central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5102, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175102.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079909","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349345,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5102/sir20175102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5102"},{"id":349344,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5102/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":349347,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153078","text":"Fact Sheet 2015–3078 ","linkHelpText":"Assessment of undiscovered shale gas and shale oil resources in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province, north-central Texas"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin Province, Mississippian Barnett Shale","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 30\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
The geologic history of fluvial systems on Santa Cruz Island (SCI) is complex, involving responses to both allogenic and autogenic forcings. During periods of low or lowering sea level, canyons on the island were eroded and sediment was transported off the island onto the exposed marine shelf. When sea level rose, streams aggraded, building a sedimentary wedge that progressed from the shelf upstream into the canyons. This cycle of erosion and aggradation in response to glacial–interglacial sea-level cycles was likely repeated numerous times during the Quaternary, although clear evidence of only the most recent cycle is present in the island’s alluvial sequences. Christy, Sauces, and Pozo Canyons contain thick packages of fine-grained sediments that were deposited as a result of the interaction between autogenic depositional processes and allogenic forcing of continuous base-level rise. Other canyons on the island either have little alluvial fill due to their steep gradients or are filled with coarse-grained, recent (likely late Holocene) alluvium that covers the older alluvial deposits. Differences in the nature and extent of the alluvial exposures on SCI relative to those on neighboring Santa Rosa Island reflect differences in the local topography, geology, and ranching histories of the 2 islands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum","doi":"10.3398/064.078.0401","usgsCitation":"Schumann, R.R., and Pigati, J.S., 2017, Late Quaternary fluvial history of Santa Cruz Island, California, USA: Western North American Naturalist, v. 78, no. 4, p. 511-529, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.078.0401.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"529","ipdsId":"IP-084970","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol78/iss4/3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":361418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.95079040527344,\n 33.94051172783321\n ],\n [\n -119.51271057128906,\n 33.94051172783321\n ],\n [\n -119.51271057128906,\n 34.10100227884199\n ],\n [\n -119.95079040527344,\n 34.10100227884199\n ],\n [\n -119.95079040527344,\n 33.94051172783321\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":201167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199758,"text":"70199758 - 2017 - Flood runoff in relation to water vapor transport by atmospheric rivers over the western United States, 1949–2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T13:56:26","indexId":"70199758","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-28T13:56:08","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood runoff in relation to water vapor transport by atmospheric rivers over the western United States, 1949–2015","docAbstract":"Atmospheric rivers (ARs) have a significant role in generating floods across the western United States. We analyze daily streamflow for water years 1949 to 2015 from 5,477 gages in relation to water vapor transport by ARs using a 6 h chronology resolved to 2.5° latitude and longitude. The probability that an AR will generate 50 mm/d of runoff in a river on the Pacific Coast increases from 12% when daily mean water vapor transport, DVT, is greater than 300 kg m−1 s−1 to 54% when DVT > 600 kg m−1 s−1. Extreme runoff, represented by the 99th quantile of daily values, doubles from 80 mm/d at DVT = 300 kg m−1 s−1 to 160 mm/d at DVT = 500 kg m−1 s−1. Forecasts and predictions of water vapor transport by atmospheric rivers can support flood risk assessment and estimates of future flood frequencies and magnitude in the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017GL075399","usgsCitation":"Konrad, C.P., and Dettinger, M.D., 2017, Flood runoff in relation to water vapor transport by atmospheric rivers over the western United States, 1949–2015: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 22, p. 11456-11462, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075399.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"11456","endPage":"11462","ipdsId":"IP-089312","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gl075399","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"44","issue":"22","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc030a6e4b0fc368eb53a08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189890,"text":"ds1060 - 2017 - Distribution of foraminifera in Chincoteague Bay and the marshes of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:27:31.482105","indexId":"ds1060","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-28T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1060","title":"Distribution of foraminifera in Chincoteague Bay and the marshes of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia","docAbstract":"Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted a seasonal collection of estuarine, marsh, and sandy washover surface sediments from Chincoteague Bay, Tom’s Cove, and the surrounding Assateague Island and Delmarva Peninsula in March–April and October 2014, after Hurricane Sandy. Micropaleontology samples were collected as part of a complementary USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines project study. For comparison with estuarine and overwash deposited foraminifera, a group of scientists from the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center in Massachusetts collected samples offshore of Assateague Island on the inner continental shelf during a seafloor mapping study in the summer of 2014 and shipped select samples to the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. The micropaleontological subsamples analyzed for foraminifera at each site can be used to establish a foraminiferal baseline assemblage that takes into consideration the seasonal variability of the various species, regarding density and geographic extent, which are influenced by transient and stable environmental parameters. By understanding what parameters affect the various foraminiferal assemblages, researchers can delineate how alterations in salinity, temperature, or marsh-to-bay interactions, such as marsh erosion, might affect that assemblage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1060","usgsCitation":"Ellis, A.M., Shaw, J.E., Osterman, L.E., and Smith, C.G., 2017, Distribution of foraminifera in Chincoteague Bay and the marshes of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1060, available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1060.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Data Downloads","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084010","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347970,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1060","text":"Report HTML","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DS 1060"},{"id":347969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1060/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":347971,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1059","text":"Data Series 1059","linkHelpText":"- A seasonal and spatial comparison of metals, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, in Chincoteague Bay and the marsh deposits of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia"},{"id":438143,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YCK857","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Benthic Foraminiferal Data from Surface Samples and Sedimentary Cores in the Grand Bay Estuary, Mississippi and Alabama"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island, Chincoteague Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.0311279296875,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.0311279296875,\n 38.43422817624596\n ],\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 38.43422817624596\n ],\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 37.82931081282506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
After Hurricane Sandy, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted a seasonal collection of estuarine, marsh, and sandy overwash surface sediments from Chincoteague Bay, Tom’s Cove, and the surrounding Assateague Island and Delmarva Peninsula in March–April and October 2014. Surplus surface sediment was analyzed for metals, percent carbon and nitrogen, δ13C, and δ15N as part of a complementary U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines project study. The geochemical subsample analyzed for metals and stable isotopes at each site may be used for comparison with past data sets, to create a modern baseline of the natural distribution of the area, to understand seasonal variability as it relates to the health of the local environment, and to assess marsh-to-bay interactions. The use of metals, stable carbon, and stable nitrogen isotopes allows for a more cohesive snapshot of factors influencing the environment and could aid in tracking environmental change.
This report serves as an archive for chemical data derived from the surface sediment. Data are available for a seasonal comparison between the March–April 2014 and October 2014 sampling trips. Downloadable data are available as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. These additional files include formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata (data downloads).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1059","usgsCitation":"Ellis, A.M., and Smith, C.G., 2017, A seasonal and spatial comparison of metals, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, in Chincoteague Bay and the marsh deposits of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1059, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1059.","productDescription":"HMTL Document; Data Downloads","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077432","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347967,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1060","text":"Data Series 1060","linkHelpText":"- Distribution of foraminifera in Chincoteague Bay and the marshes of Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia"},{"id":347964,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1059/","text":"Report HTML","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DS 1059"},{"id":347963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1059/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island, Chincoteague Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.0311279296875,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.0311279296875,\n 38.43422817624596\n ],\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 38.43422817624596\n ],\n [\n -75.42388916015625,\n 37.82931081282506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
Director,
USGS Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Mail Stop 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025