This report is designed to give a view of the immediate response of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to four major hurricanes of 2005: Dennis, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma. Some of this response took place days after the hurricanes; other responses included fieldwork and analysis through the spring. While hurricane science continues within the USGS, this overview of work following these hurricanes reveals how a Department of the Interior bureau quickly brought together a diverse array of its scientists and technologies to assess and analyze many hurricane effects. Topics vary from flooding and water quality to landscape and ecosystem impacts, from geotechnical reconnaissance to analyzing the collapse of bridges and estimating the volume of debris. Thus, the purpose of this report is to inform the American people of the USGS science that is available and ongoing in regard to hurricanes. It is the hope that such science will help inform the decisions of those citizens and officials tasked with coastal restoration and planning for future hurricanes.
\nChapter 1 is an essay establishing the need for science in building a resilient coast. The second chapter includes some hurricane facts that provide hurricane terminology, history, and maps of the four hurricanes’ paths. Chapters that follow give the scientific response of USGS to the storms. Both English and metric measurements are used in the articles in anticipation of both general and scientific audiences in the United States and elsewhere. Chapter 8 is a compilation of relevant ongoing and future hurricane work. The epilogue marks the 2-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina. An index of authors follows the report to aid in finding articles that are cross-referenced within the report.
\nIn addition to performing the science needed to understand the effects of hurricanes, USGS employees helped in the rescue of citizens by boat and through technology by “geoaddressing” 911 calls after Katrina and Rita so that other rescuers could find persons trapped in attics and porches. They also delivered food and water to residents stranded along the lower Mississippi River for several days. That work is reported in chapter 3 of this volume.
\nA great number of scientists contributed to this peer-reviewed report designed for a general audience. Because they work for USGS—an unbiased, multidisciplinary science organization that focuses on biology, geography, geology, geospatial information, and water—they are dedicated to the timely, relevant, and impartial study of the landscape and natural resources of the Nation, as well as natural hazards, like hurricanes, that threaten the Nation. To learn more about their work, visit the USGS Web site (www.usgs.gov).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1306","usgsCitation":"Farris, G.S., Smith, G.J., Crane, M., Demas, C.R., Robbins, L.L., and Lavoie, D.L., 2007, Science and the storms: The USGS response to the hurricanes of 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1306, viii, 276 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1306.","productDescription":"viii, 276 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir1306.gif"},{"id":409942,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82584.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10379,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -70,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -70,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae491","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farris, G. S.","contributorId":107808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, G. J.","contributorId":80767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crane, M.P.","contributorId":78019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crane","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Demas, C. R.","contributorId":77178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbins, L. L.","contributorId":71156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lavoie, D. L.","contributorId":46640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavoie","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":80562,"text":"fs20073072 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park campus: Self-guided tour","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-30T20:19:47.799646","indexId":"fs20073072","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3072","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park campus: Self-guided tour","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), established by an act of Congress in 1879, is the Nation's largest natural science and civilian mapping agency. The USGS works in cooperation with more than 2,000 organizations across the country to provide reliable, impartial scientific information. This information is used to minimize the loss of life and property from natural disasters, safeguard the Nation's natural resources, and enhance quality of life through careful monitoring of water, biological, energy, and mineral resources.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20073072","usgsCitation":"Colvard, E.M., Tongue, M.G., and Gordon, L.C., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park campus: Self-guided tour (Version 2.0, Revised 2012; Version 2.1, Revised 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3072, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073072.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3072.png"},{"id":393697,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96968.htm"},{"id":257342,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3072/fs2007-3072.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":10381,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Menlo Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.17339754104614,\n 37.45476087322793\n ],\n [\n -122.16925621032715,\n 37.45476087322793\n ],\n [\n -122.16925621032715,\n 37.45872964900681\n ],\n [\n -122.17339754104614,\n 37.45872964900681\n ],\n [\n -122.17339754104614,\n 37.45476087322793\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 2.0, Revised 2012; Version 2.1, Revised 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db61315f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvard, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":26675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tongue, Mara G. mtongue@usgs.gov","contributorId":588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tongue","given":"Mara","email":"mtongue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gordon, Leslie C. lgordon@usgs.gov","contributorId":4872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Leslie","email":"lgordon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70249563,"text":"70249563 - 2007 - Comparative deformation behavior of minerals in serpentinized ultramafic rock: Application to the slab-mantle interface in subduction zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-17T11:20:54.421641","indexId":"70249563","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-17T06:19:04","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative deformation behavior of minerals in serpentinized ultramafic rock: Application to the slab-mantle interface in subduction zones","docAbstract":"The layer-structure minerals serpentine, brucite, and talc are postulated to form in the mantle wedge above a subducting slab as a result of progressive hydration and silica metasomatism. Tectonic mixing at the slab-mantle interface generates serpentinite mélanges that contain blocks of high-pressure (HP) or ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rock derived from the subducting slab. Such serpentinite mélanges may provide a means of exhumation of HP/UHP metamorphic rocks, and may define the lower limit of locked regions on the subduction interface that fail in large earthquakes. We review recently obtained frictional strength data for brucite and talc over the temperature range 25-400°C at 100 MPa effective normal stress and compare them with new data for antigorite. These minerals respond to heating in different ways, causing their frictional strengths to diverge. Water-saturated antigorite strength increases toward the fixed dry value of μ ≈ 0.75-0.80 with heating: μ ≈ 0.50 at 25°C and μ > 0.60 at 400°C. The difference in μ between dry and watersaturated talc gouge also decreases with increasing temperature, but both the dry and watersaturated values of μ are lower at elevated temperatures. For dry talc, μ decreases from 0.35 to 0.25 between 25° and 300°C, whereas for water-saturated talc, μ is approximately 0.20 at 25°C and 0.10-0.15 at elevated temperatures. Weakening of the interlayer bond of talc with heating may be responsible for the overall reduction in its frictional strength. The strength of dry brucite also is fixed at μ = 0.45-0.50, but the water-saturated value of μ decreases from ≈0.30 at 25°C to 0.20-0.25 at 200°-400°C. The water-saturated brucite gouge has extensively recrystallized along the shear surfaces, and its weakening may be attributable to solution-transfer processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.2747/0020-6814.49.5.401","usgsCitation":"Moore, D.E., and Lockner, D., 2007, Comparative deformation behavior of minerals in serpentinized ultramafic rock: Application to the slab-mantle interface in subduction zones: International Geology Review, v. 49, no. 5, p. 401-415, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.49.5.401.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"415","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075 dmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":2704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane","email":"dmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":257574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80558,"text":"ds300 - 2007 - Concentrations of selected pharmaceuticals and antibiotics in south-central Pennsylvania waters, March through September 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T15:36:59.558576","indexId":"ds300","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"300","title":"Concentrations of selected pharmaceuticals and antibiotics in south-central Pennsylvania waters, March through September 2006","docAbstract":"This report presents environmental and quality-control data from analyses of 15 pharmaceutical and 31 antibiotic compounds in water samples from streams and wells in south-central Pennsylvania. The analyses are part of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) to define concentrations of selected emerging contaminants in streams and well water in Pennsylvania. Sampling was conducted at 11 stream sites and at 6 wells in 9 counties of south-central Pennsylvania. Five of the streams received municipal wastewater and 6 of the streams received runoff from agricultural areas dominated by animal-feeding operations. For all 11 streams, samples were collected at locations upstream and downstream of the municipal effluents or animal-feeding operations. All six wells were in agricultural settings.
A total of 120 environmental samples and 21 quality-control samples were analyzed for the study. Samples were collected at each site in March/April, May, July, and September 2006 to obtain information on changes in concentration that could be related to seasonal use of compounds.
For streams, 13 pharmaceuticals and 11 antibiotics were detected at least 1 time. Detections included analytical results that were estimated or above the minimum reporting limits. Seventy-eight percent of all detections were analyzed in samples collected downstream from municipal-wastewater effluents. For streams receiving wastewater effluents, the pharmaceuticals caffeine and para-xanthine (a degradation product of caffeine) had the greatest concentrations, 4.75 μg/L (micrograms per liter) and 0.853 μg/L, respectively. Other pharmaceuticals and their respective maximum concentrations were carbamazepine (0.516 μg/L) and ibuprofen (0.277 μg/L). For streams receiving wastewater effluents, the antibiotic azithromycin had the greatest concentration (1.65 μg/L), followed by sulfamethoxazole (1.34 μg/L), ofloxacin (0.329 μg/L), and trimethoprim (0.256 μg/L).
For streams receiving runoff from animal-feeding operations, the only pharmaceuticals detected were acetaminophen, caffeine, cotinine, diphenhydramine, and carbamazepine. The maximum concentration for pharmaceuticals was 0.053 μg/L. Three streams receiving runoff from animal-feeding operations had detections of one or more antibiotic compound--oxytetracycline, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, and tylosin. The maximum concentration for antibiotics was 0.157 μg/L. The average number of compounds (pharmaceuticals and antibiotics) detected in sites downstream from animal-feeding operations was three. The average number of compounds detected downstream from municipal-wastewater effluents was 13.
For wells used to supply livestock, four compounds were detected--two pharmaceuticals (cotinine and diphenhydramine) and two antibiotics (tylosin and sulfamethoxazole). There were five detections in all the well samples. The maximum concentration detected in well water was for cotinine, estimated to be 0.024 μg/L.
Seasonal occurrence of pharmaceutical and antibiotic compounds in stream water varied by compound and site type. At four stream sites, the same compounds were detected in all four seasonal samples. At other sites, pharmaceutical or antibiotic compounds were detected only one time in seasonal samples. Winter samples collected in streams receiving municipalwastewater effluent had the greatest number of compounds detected (21).
Research analytical methods were used to determine concentrations for pharmaceuticals and antibiotics. To assist in evaluating the quality of the analyses, detailed information is presented on laboratory methodology and results from qualitycontrol samples. Quality-control data include results for nine blanks, nine duplicate environmental sample pairs, and three laboratory-spiked environmental samples as well as the recoveries of compounds in laboratory surrogates and laboratory reagent spikes.
Population growth in the St. Croix River Basin in Minnesota and Wisconsin has intensified concerns of county resource managers and the National Park Service, which is charged with protecting the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, about the potential for ground-water contamination in the basin. This report describes a previously developed method that was adapted to illustrate potential ground-water-contamination susceptibility in the St. Croix River Basin. The report also gives an estimate of ground-water-residence time and surface-water/ground-water interaction as related to natural attenuation and movement of contaminants in five tributary basins.
A ground-water-contamination-susceptibility map was adapted from a state-wide map of Wisconsin to the St. Croix River Basin by use of well-driller construction records and regional maps of aquifer properties in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Measures of various subsurface properties were combined to generate a spatial index of susceptibility. The subjective index method developed for the State of Wisconsin by Schmidt (1987)1 was not derived from analyses of water-quality data or physical processes. Nonetheless, it was adapted for this report to furnish a seamless map across state boundaries that would be familiar to many resource managers. Following this method, areas most susceptible to contamination appear to have coarse-grained sediments (sands or gravels) and shallow water tables or are underlain by carbonate-bedrock aquifers. The least susceptible areas appear to have fine-grained sediments and deep water tables. If an aquifer becomes contaminated, the ground-water-residence time can affect potential natural attenuation along the ground-water-flow path. Mean basin ground-water-residence times were computed for the Apple, Kettle, Kinnickinnic, Snake and Sunrise River Basins, which are tributary basins to the St. Croix Basin, by use of average aquifer properties of saturated thickness, porosity, and recharge rates. The Apple River Basin had the shortest mean ground-water-residence times (20–120 years), owing largely to the moderate saturated thickness and high recharge rate in the basin. The Kinnickinnic and Sunrise River Basins had the longest mean residence times (60–350 and 70–390 years, respectively) chiefly because of the relatively large saturated thickness of the basins. Owing to limitations of the residence-time calculations, actual ground-water-residence times will vary around the mean values within each basin and may range from days or weeks in karst carbonate aquifers to millennia in deep confined sandstone aquifers.
Areas of relatively short residence time (less than the median residence time in each basin) were identified by use of ground-water-flow models for each of the five tributary basins. Results of simulations show that these areas, in which contaminants may have relatively less time for natural attenuation along the short flow paths, generally occur near streams and rivers where ground water discharges to the surface. Finally, the ground-water-flow models were used to simulate ground-water/surface-water interaction in the five tributary basins. Results of simulations show that some lakes and reservoirs leak surface water into the ground-water-flow system on their downgradient side, where the surface-water outflow has been restricted by a dam or a naturally constricted outlet. These locations are noteworthy because contaminated surface waters could potentially enter the ground-water-flow system at these locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P.F., 2007, Hydrogeologic characteristics of the St. Croix River basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin: Implications for the susceptibility of ground water to potential contamination: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5112, v, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075112.","productDescription":"v, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415611,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82588.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10373,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5112/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.5667,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -93.5667,\n 44.75\n ],\n [\n -91.1333,\n 44.75\n ],\n [\n -91.1333,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -93.5667,\n 46.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a883f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80552,"text":"fs20073090 - 2007 - Somerset County Flood Information System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"fs20073090","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3090","title":"Somerset County Flood Information System","docAbstract":"The timely warning of a flood is crucial to the protection of lives and property. One has only to recall the floods of August 2, 1973, September 16 and 17, 1999, and April 16, 2007, in Somerset County, New Jersey, in which lives were lost and major property damage occurred, to realize how costly, especially in terms of human life, an unexpected flood can be. Accurate forecasts and warnings cannot be made, however, without detailed information about precipitation and streamflow in the drainage basin.\r\n\r\nSince the mid 1960's, the National Weather Service (NWS) has been able to forecast flooding on larger streams in Somerset County, such as the Raritan and Millstone Rivers. Flooding on smaller streams in urban areas was more difficult to predict. In response to this problem the NWS, in cooperation with the Green Brook Flood Control Commission, installed a precipitation gage in North Plainfield, and two flash-flood alarms, one on Green Brook at Seeley Mills and one on Stony Brook at Watchung, in the early 1970's.\r\n\r\nIn 1978, New Jersey's first countywide flood-warning system was installed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Somerset County. This system consisted of a network of eight stage and discharge gages equipped with precipitation gages linked by telephone telemetry and eight auxiliary precipitation gages. The gages were installed throughout the county to collect precipitation and runoff data that could be used to improve flood-monitoring capabilities and flood-frequency estimates.\r\n\r\nRecognizing the need for more detailed hydrologic information for Somerset County, the USGS, in cooperation with Somerset County, designed and installed the Somerset County Flood Information System (SCFIS) in 1990. This system is part of a statewide network of stream gages, precipitation gages, weather stations, and tide gages that collect data in real time. The data provided by the SCFIS improve the flood forecasting ability of the NWS and aid Somerset County and municipal agencies in the planning and execution of flood-preparation and emergency-evacuation procedures in the county. This fact sheet describes the SCFIS and identifies its benefits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Somerset County Division of Engineering","usgsCitation":"Hoppe, H.L., 2007, Somerset County Flood Information System: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3090, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073090.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3090.jpg"},{"id":10370,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75,40 ], [ -75,41 ], [ -74,41 ], [ -74,40 ], [ -75,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db549533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoppe, Heidi L. hhoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoppe","given":"Heidi","email":"hhoppe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80544,"text":"sim2987 - 2007 - High-resolution bathymetry and topography of south San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:22:00","indexId":"sim2987","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2987","title":"High-resolution bathymetry and topography of south San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"This map consists of a view of the southern end of San Francisco bay with the water 'removed.' The image is overlain by a set of six figures:
\n\n
- Figure 1. Perspective view looking southeast down south San Francisco Bay.
\n- Figure 2. Perspective view looking east with the Diablo Range in the distance.
\n- Figure 3. Perspective view looking southwest over Bair Island toward Redwood City.
\n- Figure 4. Perspective view looking northwest over the Coyote Hills.
\n- Figure 5. Perspective view looking north toward Newark Slough and the Coyote Hills.
\n- Figure 6. Perspective view looking southeast toward Coyote Creek, Guadalupe Slough, and the Alviso Salt Ponds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim2987","usgsCitation":"Foxgrover, A., Dartnell, P., Jaffe, B.E., Takekawa, J.Y., and Athearn, N.D., 2007, High-resolution bathymetry and topography of south San Francisco Bay, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2987, Map: 36.0 x 33.0 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2987.","productDescription":"Map: 36.0 x 33.0 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110749,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82593.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"82593"},{"id":10365,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2987/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292908,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2987/SIM-2987.pdf"},{"id":192216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim2987.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Mercator Transverse projection","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.333333,37.5 ], [ -122.333333,37.666667 ], [ -122.0,37.666667 ], [ -122.0,37.5 ], [ -122.333333,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68888c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C.","contributorId":45775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":292881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Athearn, Nicole D.","contributorId":71273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":80545,"text":"sir20075162 - 2007 - Bankfull Regional Curves for Streams in the Non-Urban, Non-Tidal Coastal Plain Physiographic Province, Virginia and Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"sir20075162","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5162","title":"Bankfull Regional Curves for Streams in the Non-Urban, Non-Tidal Coastal Plain Physiographic Province, Virginia and Maryland","docAbstract":"Natural-channel design involves constructing a stream channel with the dimensions, slope, and plan-view pattern that would be expected to transport water and sediment and yet maintain habitat and aesthetics consistent with unimpaired reaches. The adequate description of channel geometry in unimpaired reaches often is an important component of natural-channel design projects and can be facilitated through empirical regression relations, or regional curves, relating bankfull geometry to drainage area. One-variable, ordinary least-squares regressions relating bankfull discharge, bankfull cross-sectional area, bankfull width, and bankfull mean depth to drainage area were developed based on data collected at 20 streamflow-gaging stations in Virginia and Maryland. These regional curves can be used to estimate the bankfull discharge and bankfull channel geometry when the drainage area of a watershed is known.\r\n\r\nField data collected at the site for each streamflow-gaging station included one longitudinal profile of bankfull features and channel-bed slope, two riffle cross-section surveys of channel geometry, cross-section pebble counts, and one site sketch with photographs of the channel and bankfull features. The top of the bank was the bankfull feature most indicative of bankfull geometry. Field data were analyzed to determine bankfull cross-sectional area, bankfull width, bankfull mean depth, and D50- and D84-particle sizes for the two riffles at each site. The bankfull geometry from the 8 sites surveyed during this study represents the average of two riffle cross sections for each site, and the bankfull geometry from the 12 Maryland sites represents one cross section for each site. Regional curves developed for the 20 sites had coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.945, 0.890, 0.871, and 0.793 for bankfull cross-sectional area, width, mean depth, and discharge, respectively. The regional curves represent conditions for streams with defined channels and bankfull features in Virginia and Maryland with drainage areas ranging from 0.28 to 113 square miles. All sites included in the development of the regional curves were located on streams with U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations. These curves can be used to verify bankfull features identified in the field and bankfull stage for ungaged streams in non-urban areas.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075162","isbn":"9781411320000","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Coastal Zone Management Program and the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program","usgsCitation":"Krstolic, J.L., and Chaplin, J.J., 2007, Bankfull Regional Curves for Streams in the Non-Urban, Non-Tidal Coastal Plain Physiographic Province, Virginia and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5162, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075162.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5162.jpg"},{"id":10367,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.5,36.5 ], [ -79.5,39.5 ], [ -74.5,39.5 ], [ -74.5,36.5 ], [ -79.5,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649d26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krstolic, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-2253-9886 jkrstoli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-9886","contributorId":3677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krstolic","given":"Jennifer","email":"jkrstoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaplin, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-0617-5050 jchaplin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-5050","contributorId":147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaplin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jchaplin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80538,"text":"ofr20071303 - 2007 - Age Determination of the Remaining Peat in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20071303","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1303","title":"Age Determination of the Remaining Peat in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California was once a 1,400 square kilometer (km2) tidal marsh, which contained a vast layer of peat ranging up to 15 meters (m) thick (Atwater and Belknap, 1980). Because of its favorable climate and highly fertile peat soils, the majority of the Delta was drained and reclaimed for agriculture during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Drainage of the peat soils changed the conditions in the surface layers of peat from anaerobic (having no free oxygen present) to aerobic (exposed to the atmosphere). This change in conditions greatly increased the decomposition rate of the peat, which consists largely of organic (plant) matter. Thus began the process of land-surface subsidence, which initially was a result of peat shrinkage and compaction, and later largely was a result of oxidation by which organic carbon in the peat essentially vaporized to carbon dioxide (Deverel and others, 1998; Ingebritsen and Ikehara, 1999). Because of subsidence, the land-surface elevation on farmed islands in the Delta has decreased from a few meters to as much as 8 m below local mean sea level (California Department of Water Resources, 1995; Steve Deverel, Hydrofocus, Inc., written commun., 2007).\r\n\r\nThe USGS, in collaboration with the University of California at Davis, and Hydrofocus Inc. of Davis, California, has been studying the formation of the Delta and the impact of wetland reclamation on the peat column as part of a project called Rates and Evolution of Peat Accretion through Time (REPEAT). The purpose of this report is to provide results on the age of the remaining peat soils on four farmed islands in the Delta.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071303","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J., de Fontaine, C.S., and Knifong, D.L., 2007, Age Determination of the Remaining Peat in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1303, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071303.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10359,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.91666666666667,37.833333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,38.25 ], [ -121.41666666666667,38.25 ], [ -121.41666666666667,37.833333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,37.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6897fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":8941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Fontaine, Christian S.","contributorId":21236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Fontaine","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":80541,"text":"sir20065165 - 2007 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 19. Leaching characteristics of composited materials from mine waste-rock piles and naturally altered areas near Questa, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T10:45:00","indexId":"sir20065165","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5165","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 19. Leaching characteristics of composited materials from mine waste-rock piles and naturally altered areas near Questa, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The goal of this study is to compare and contrast the leachability of metals and the acidity from individual mine waste-rock piles and natural erosional scars in the study area near Questa, New Mexico. Surficial multi-increment (composite) samples less than 2 millimeters in diameter from five waste-rock piles, nine erosional-scar areas, a less-altered site, and a tailings slurry-pipe sample were analyzed for bulk chemistry and mineralogy and subjected to two back-to-back leaching procedures. The first leaching procedure, the U.S. Geological Survey Field Leach Test (FLT), is a short-duration leach (5-minute shaking and 10-minute settling) and is intended to leach readily soluble materials. The FLT was immediately followed by an 18-hour, end-over-end rotation leaching procedure. Comparison of results from the back-to-back leaching procedures can provide information about reactions that may take place upon migration of leachates through changing geochemical conditions (for example, pH changes), both within the waste-rock and scar materials and away from the source materials.\r\n\r\nFor the scar leachates, the concentrations of leachable metals varied substantially between the scar areas sampled. The scar leachates have low pH (pH 3.2-4.1). Under these low-pH conditions, cationic metals are solubilized and mobile, but anionic species, such as molybdenum, are less soluble and less mobile. Generally, metal concentrations in the waste-rock leachates did not exceed the upper range of those metal concentrations in the erosional-scar leachates. One exception is molybdenum, which is notably higher in the waste-rock leachates compared with the scar leachates. Most of the waste-rock leachates were at least mildly acidic (pH 3.0-6.2). The pH values in the waste-rock leachates span a large pH range that includes some pH-dependent solubility and metal-attenuation reactions. An increase in pH with leaching time and agitation indicates that there is pH-buffering capacity in some of the waste-rock piles. As pH increased in the waste-pile leachates, concentrations of several metals decreased with increasing time and agitation. Similar pH-dependent reactions may take place upon migration of the leachates in the waste-rock piles.\r\n\r\nBulk chemistry, mineralogy, and leachate sulfur-isotope data indicate that the Capulin and Sugar Shack West waste-rock piles are compositionally different from the younger Sugar Shack South, Sugar Shack Middle, and Old Sulphur Gulch piles. The Capulin and Sugar Shack West piles have the lowest-pH leachates (pH 3.0-4.1) of the waste-pile samples, and the source material for the Capulin and Sugar Shack West piles appears to be similar to the source material for the erosional-scar areas. Calcite dissolution, in addition to gypsum dissolution, appears to produce the calcium and sulfate concentrations in leachates from the Sugar Shack South, Sugar Shack Middle, and Old Sulphur Gulch piles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065165","isbn":"9781411319240","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Hageman, P.L., Briggs, P.H., Sutley, S.J., McCleskey, R.B., Livo, K., Verplanck, P.L., Adams, M., and Gemery-Hill, P.A., 2007, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 19. Leaching characteristics of composited materials from mine waste-rock piles and naturally altered areas near Questa, New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5165, vii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065165.","productDescription":"vii, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10362,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hageman, Philip L. 0000-0002-3440-2150 phageman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"Philip","email":"phageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":30973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutley, Stephen J.","contributorId":60296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Livo, K. Eric 0000-0001-7331-8130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-8130","contributorId":26338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livo","given":"K. Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Adams, Monique G.","contributorId":76338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gemery-Hill, Pamela A.","contributorId":98827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemery-Hill","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":80537,"text":"sir20075189 - 2007 - Regionalized equations for bankfull discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 in the Adirondack Region of northern New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T21:42:55.771481","indexId":"sir20075189","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5189","title":"Regionalized equations for bankfull discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 in the Adirondack Region of northern New York","docAbstract":"Equations that relate drainage area to bankfull discharge and channel characteristics (width, depth, and cross-sectional area) at gaged sites are needed to define bankfull-discharge and channel characteristics at ungaged sites and to provide information for watershed assessments, stream-channel classification, and design of stream-restoration projects. Such equations are most accurate if derived from streams within an area of uniform hydrologic, climatic, and physiographic conditions and applied only within that region.
Stream-survey and discharge data from 15 active (currently gaged in 2005) streamflow-gaging stations and 1 inactive (discontinued) streamflow-gaging station in hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 were used in linear-regression analyses to relate drainage area to bankfull discharge and bankfull-channel width, depth, and cross-sectional area. The four resulting equations are the following:
(1) bankfull discharge, in cubic feet per second = 49.6*(drainage area, in square miles)0.849;
(2) bankfull channel width, in feet = 21.5*(drainage, in square miles)0.362;
(3) bankfull channel depth, in feet = 1.06*(drainage area, in square miles)0.329; and
(4) bankfull channel cross-sectional area, in square feet = 22.3*(drainage area, in square miles)0.694.
The coefficients of determination (R2) for these four equations are 0.95, 0.89, 0.89, and 0.97, respectively. The high coefficients of determination for these equations indicate that much variability is explained by drainage area. Recurrence intervals for the estimated bankfull discharge of each stream ranged from 1.01 to 3.80 years; the mean recurrence interval was 2.13 years. The 16 surveyed streams were classified by Rosgen stream type; most were B- and C-type, with a few E- and F-type cross sections.
The hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 equation for the relation between bankfull discharge and drainage area was graphically compared to curves developed for 5 other hydrologic regions in New York State. The 95-percent confidence interval for the hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 curve fully encompassed the curves for Regions 4a, 5, and 6, showing that there are very few differences in the relation between drainage area and bankfull discharge in these four regions. However, the curves for Regions 4 and 7 lay outside the 95 percent confidence intervals of the Region 3 curve, indicating that these 3 regions do not have similar bankfull-discharge to drainage area relations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075189","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York State Department of State, Division of Coastal, Resources, New York State Department of Transportation, and New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Mulvihill, C., Filopowicz, A., Coleman, A., and Baldigo, B.P., 2007, Regionalized equations for bankfull discharge and channel characteristics of streams in New York State — Hydrologic Regions 1 and 2 in the Adirondack Region of northern New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5189, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075189.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339634,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20095144","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5144","linkHelpText":"- Bankfull Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State"},{"id":339632,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20065075","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5075","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State— Hydrologic Region 7 in Western New York"},{"id":339631,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20045247","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5247","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 5 in Central New York"},{"id":410505,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82585.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":339633,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20075227","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5227","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 3 East of the Hudson River"},{"id":10358,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5189/images/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":339635,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20055100","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5100","linkHelpText":"- Regionalized Equations for Bankfull-Discharge and Channel Characteristics of Streams in New York State—Hydrologic Region 6 in the Southern Tier of New York"},{"id":339656,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5189/pdf/SIR2007-5189.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.14167566714218,\n 45.00088603745715\n ],\n [\n -76.05618783777435,\n 45.00088603745715\n ],\n [\n -76.05618783777435,\n 42.91052669289493\n ],\n [\n -73.14167566714218,\n 42.91052669289493\n ],\n [\n -73.14167566714218,\n 45.00088603745715\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
The Loxahatchee River and Estuary are small, shallow, water bodies located in southeastern Florida. Historically, the Northwest Branch (Fork) of the Loxahatchee River was primarily a freshwater system. In 1947, the river inlet at Jupiter was dredged for navigation and has remained permanently open since that time. Drainage patterns within the basin have also been altered significantly due to land development, road construction (e.g., Florida Turnpike), and construction of the C-18 and other canals. These anthropogenic activities along with sea level rise have resulted in significant adverse impacts on the ecosystem over the last several decades, including increased saltwater encroachment and undesired vegetation changes in the floodplain. The problem of saltwater intrusion and vegetation degradation in the Loxahatchee River may be partly induced by diminished freshwater input, from both surface water and ground water into the River system.
\nThe overall objective of this project was to assess the seasonal surface water and groundwater interaction and the influence of the biogeochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater and porewater on vegetation health in the Loxahatchee floodplain. The hypothesis tested are: (1) groundwater influx constitutes a significant component of the overall flow of water into the Loxahatchee River; (2) salinity and other chemical constituents in shallow groundwater and porewater of the river floodplain may affect the distribution and health of the floodplain vegetation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071304","usgsCitation":"Orem, W.H., Swarzenski, P.W., McPherson, B.F., Hedgepath, M., Lerch, H.E., Reich, C., Torres, A.E., Corum, M., and Roberts, R.E., 2007, Assessment of groundwater input and water quality changes impacting natural vegetation in the Loxahatchee River and floodplain ecosystem, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1304, Report: 110 p.; 5 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071304.","productDescription":"Report: 110 p.; 5 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"110","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071304.jpg"},{"id":10353,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1304/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":293558,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1304/ofr2007-1304.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Loxahatchee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.165921,26.93452 ], [ -80.165921,26.991767 ], [ -80.070624,26.991767 ], [ -80.070624,26.93452 ], [ -80.165921,26.93452 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6729e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hedgepath, Marion","contributorId":102161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedgepath","given":"Marion","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lerch, Harry E. tlerch@usgs.gov","contributorId":600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"Harry","email":"tlerch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reich, Christopher","contributorId":12942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Torres, Arturo E. aetorres@usgs.gov","contributorId":1397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Arturo","email":"aetorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Corum, M.D. 0000-0002-9038-3935 mcorum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-3935","contributorId":2249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corum","given":"M.D.","email":"mcorum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Roberts, Richard E.","contributorId":45016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":80529,"text":"ofr20051110 - 2007 - Maps of Quadrangle 3364, Pasa-Band (417) and Kejran (418) Quadrangles, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20051110","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1110","title":"Maps of Quadrangle 3364, Pasa-Band (417) and Kejran (418) Quadrangles, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"By selecting one of the four series options shown below, namely, -A, -B, -C, and -D for the geologic, topographic, Landsat natural-color, and Landsat false-color maps, respectively, the user will be taken to that map.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey and the Afghanistan Geodesy and Cartography Head Office under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Maps of Quadrangle 3364, Pasa-Band (417) and Kejran (418) Quadrangles, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1110, 4 Maps: Varied Sizes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051110.","productDescription":"4 Maps: Varied Sizes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10354,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 64,33 ], [ 64,34 ], [ 66,34 ], [ 66,33 ], [ 64,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb6f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80535,"text":"ofr20051111 - 2007 - Maps of Quadrangle 3366, Gizab (513) and Nawer (514) Quadrangles, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20051111","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1111","title":"Maps of Quadrangle 3366, Gizab (513) and Nawer (514) Quadrangles, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"By selecting one of the four series options shown below, namely, -A, -B, -C, and -D for the geologic, topographic, Landsat natural-color, and Landsat false-color maps, respectively, the user will be taken to that map.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey and the Afghanistan Geodesy and Cartography Head Office under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Maps of Quadrangle 3366, Gizab (513) and Nawer (514) Quadrangles, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1111, 4 Maps: Varied Sizes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051111.","productDescription":"4 Maps: Varied Sizes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10356,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 66,33 ], [ 66,34 ], [ 68,34 ], [ 68,33 ], [ 66,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb951","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80531,"text":"fs20073062 - 2007 - Streamflow of 2006 -- Water Year Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:25:08","indexId":"fs20073062","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3062","title":"Streamflow of 2006 -- Water Year Summary","docAbstract":"The maps and graphs appearing in this summary describe streamflow conditions for water-year 2006 (October 1, 2005 to September 30, 2006) in the context of the 77-year period 1930-2006, unless otherwise noted. The illustrations are based on observed data from the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Streamflow Information Program. The period 1930-2006 was used because prior to 1930, the number of streamgages was too small to provide representative data for computing statistics for most regions of the country.\n\nIn the summary, reference is made to the term 'runoff,' which is the depth to which a river basin, State, or other geographic area would be covered with water if all the streamflow within the area during a single year was uniformly distributed upon it. Runoff quantifies the magnitude of water flowing through the Nation's rivers and streams in measurement units that can be compared from one area to another. The runoff value for a geographic area is computed as the median runoff value for all streamgages in that geographic area. For example, the runoff value for a state is the median for all streamgages in that state, and the median for the Nation is the median value for all streamgages in the Nation.\n\nEach of the maps and graphs below can be expanded to a larger view by clicking on the image. In all the graphics, a rank of 1 indicates the highest flow of all years analyzed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20073062","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., 2007, Streamflow of 2006 -- Water Year Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3062, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073062.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3062.jpg"},{"id":10355,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3062/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80530,"text":"fs20073068 - 2007 - Klamath Basin: A watershed approach to support habitat restoration, species recovery, and water resource planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-19T09:12:29","indexId":"fs20073068","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3068","displayTitle":"Klamath Basin: A Watershed Approach to Support Habitat Restoration, Species Recovery, and Water Resource Planning","title":"Klamath Basin: A watershed approach to support habitat restoration, species recovery, and water resource planning","docAbstract":"Water allocation among human and natural resource uses in the American West is challenging. Western rivers have been largely managed for hydropower, irrigation, drinking water, and navigation. Today land and water use practices have gained importance, particularly as aging dams are faced with re-licensing requirements and provisions of the Endangered Species and Clean Water Acts. Rising demand for scarce water heightens the need for scientific research to predict consequences of management actions on habitats, human resource use, and fish and wildlife. Climate change, introduction of invasive species, or restoration of fish passage can have large, landscape-scaled consequences - research must expand to encompass the appropriate scale and by applying multiple scientific disciplines to complex ecosystem challenges improve the adaptive management framework for decision-making.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20073068","usgsCitation":"VanderKooi, S.P., and Thorsteinson, L., 2007, Klamath Basin: A watershed approach to support habitat restoration, species recovery, and water resource planning: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3068, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073068.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3068.jpg"},{"id":257503,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3068/fs20073068.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon; California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4757","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanderKooi, S. P.","contributorId":12587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorsteinson, L.","contributorId":86128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorsteinson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80521,"text":"sir20075154 - 2007 - Evaluation of pore-water samplers at a drainage ditch, Installation Restoration Site 4, Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, Texas, 2005–06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T21:56:12.352765","indexId":"sir20075154","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5154","title":"Evaluation of pore-water samplers at a drainage ditch, Installation Restoration Site 4, Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, Texas, 2005–06","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southeast, used innovative sampling methods to investigate ground-water contamination by chlorobenzenes beneath a drainage ditch on the southwestern side of Installation Restoration Site 4, Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, Texas, during 2005-06. The drainage ditch, which is a potential receptor for ground-water contaminants from Installation Restoration Site 4, intermittently discharges water to Corpus Christi Bay. This report evaluates a new type of pore-water sampler developed for this investigation to examine the subsurface contamination beneath the drainage ditch. The new type of pore-water sampler appears to be an effective approach for long-term monitoring of ground water in the sand and organic-rich mud beneath the drainage ditch.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075154","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southeast","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D.A., and Casey, C.C., 2007, Evaluation of pore-water samplers at a drainage ditch, Installation Restoration Site 4, Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, Texas, 2005–06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5154, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075154.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194783,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414590,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82238.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10346,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5154/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Corpus Christi","otherGeospatial":"Naval Air Station Corpus Christi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.2794,\n 27.6856\n ],\n [\n -97.2794,\n 27.6803\n ],\n [\n -97.2739,\n 27.6803\n ],\n [\n -97.2739,\n 27.6856\n ],\n [\n -97.2794,\n 27.6856\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fafb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casey, Clifton C.","contributorId":15140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"Clifton","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}