{"pageNumber":"94","pageRowStart":"2325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11370,"records":[{"id":70196968,"text":"70196968 - 2014 - Genomic characterization of H14 subtype influenza A viruses in New World waterfowl and experimental infectivity in mallards Anas platyrhynchos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:37:48","indexId":"70196968","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genomic characterization of H14 subtype influenza A viruses in New World waterfowl and experimental infectivity in mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) ","title":"Genomic characterization of H14 subtype influenza A viruses in New World waterfowl and experimental infectivity in mallards Anas platyrhynchos","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent repeated isolation of H14 hemagglutinin subtype influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the New World waterfowl provides evidence to suggest that host and/or geographic ranges for viruses of this subtype may be expanding. In this study, we used genomic analyses to gain inference on the origin and evolution of H14 viruses in New World waterfowl and conducted an experimental challenge study in mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>) to evaluate pathogenicity, viral replication, and transmissibility of a representative viral strain in a natural host species. Genomic characterization of H14 subtype IAVs isolated from New World waterfowl, including three isolates sequenced specifically for this study, revealed high nucleotide identity among individual gene segments (e.g. ≥95% shared identity among H14 HA gene segments). In contrast, lower shared identity was observed among internal gene segments. Furthermore, multiple neuraminidase subtypes were observed for H14 IAVs isolated in the New World. Gene segments of H14 viruses isolated after 2010 shared ancestral genetic lineages with IAVs isolated from wild birds throughout North America. Thus, genomic characterization provided evidence for viral evolution in New World waterfowl through genetic drift and genetic shift since purported introduction from Eurasia. In the challenge study, no clinical disease or lesions were observed among mallards experimentally inoculated with A/blue-winged teal/Texas/AI13-1028/2013(H14N5) or exposed via contact with infected birds. Titers of viral shedding for mallards challenged with the H14N5 IAV were highest at two days post-inoculation (DPI); however shedding was detected up to nine DPI using cloacal swabs. The distribution of viral antigen among mallards infected with H14N5 IAV was largely restricted to enterocytes lining the villi in the lower intestinal tract and in the epithelium of the bursa of Fabricius. Characterization of the infectivity of A/blue-winged teal/Texas/AI13-1028/2013(H14N5) in mallards provides support for similarities in viral replication and shedding as compared to previously described waterfowl-adapted, low pathogenic IAV strains in ducks.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0095620","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Poulson, R., Gonzalez-Reiche, A.S., Perez, D.R., Stalknecht, D.E., and Brown, J.D., 2014, Genomic characterization of H14 subtype influenza A viruses in New World waterfowl and experimental infectivity in mallards Anas platyrhynchos: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 5,  e95620, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095620.","productDescription":" e95620, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-054397","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473021,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095620","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeedd6e4b0da30c1bfc730","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulson, Rebecca L.","contributorId":198807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson","given":"Rebecca L.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.","contributorId":204838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez-Reiche","given":"Ana","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez, Daniel R.","contributorId":58208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stalknecht, David E.","contributorId":150466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stalknecht","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Justin D.","contributorId":87838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70190556,"text":"70190556 - 2014 - Geophysical advances triggered by 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-07T12:02:45","indexId":"70190556","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical advances triggered by 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake","docAbstract":"<p><span>A little more than 50 years ago, on 27 March 1964, the Great Alaska earthquake and tsunami struck. At moment magnitude 9.2, this earthquake is notable as the largest in U.S. written history and as the second-largest ever recorded by instruments worldwide. But what resonates today are its impacts on the understanding of plate tectonics, tsunami generation, and earthquake history as well as on the development of national programs to reduce risk from earthquakes and tsunamis.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014EO170001","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Leith, W.S., Wald, D.J., Filson, J.R., Wolfe, C.J., and Applegate, D., 2014, Geophysical advances triggered by 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 95, no. 17, p. 141-142, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014EO170001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"142","ipdsId":"IP-055403","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              55.429013452407396\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.74560546874997,\n              55.429013452407396\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.74560546874997,\n              62.64386820032876\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              62.64386820032876\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              55.429013452407396\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"95","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25b01e4b020cdf7db1fcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leith, William S. 0000-0002-3463-3119 wleith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-3119","contributorId":2248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leith","given":"William","email":"wleith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Filson, John R. 0000-0001-8840-6301 jfilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-6301","contributorId":5078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filson","given":"John","email":"jfilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolfe, Cecily J. 0000-0003-3144-5697 cwolfe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-5697","contributorId":191613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Cecily","email":"cwolfe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Applegate, David 0000-0001-5570-3449 applegate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5570-3449","contributorId":263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"David","email":"applegate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70103033,"text":"ofr20141086 - 2014 - 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake: a photographic tour of Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-29T12:54:25","indexId":"ofr20141086","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-29T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1086","title":"1964 Great Alaska Earthquake: a photographic tour of Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>On March 27, 1964, at 5:36 p.m., a magnitude 9.2 earthquake, the largest recorded earthquake in U.S. history, struck southcentral Alaska (fig. 1). The Great Alaska Earthquake (also known as the Good Friday Earthquake) occurred at a pivotal time in the history of earth science, and helped lead to the acceptance of plate tectonic theory (Cox, 1973; Brocher and others, 2014). All large subduction zone earthquakes are understood through insights learned from the 1964 event, and observations and interpretations of the earthquake have influenced the design of infrastructure and seismic monitoring systems now in place. The earthquake caused extensive damage across the State, and triggered local tsunamis that devastated the Alaskan towns of Whittier, Valdez, and Seward. In Anchorage, the main cause of damage was ground shaking, which lasted approximately 4.5 minutes. Many buildings could not withstand this motion and were damaged or collapsed even though their foundations remained intact. More significantly, ground shaking triggered a number of landslides along coastal and drainage valley bluffs underlain by the Bootlegger Cove Formation, a composite of facies containing variably mixed gravel, sand, silt, and clay which were deposited over much of upper Cook Inlet during the Late Pleistocene (Ulery and others, 1983). Cyclic (or strain) softening of the more sensitive clay facies caused overlying blocks of soil to slide sideways along surfaces dipping by only a few degrees.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This guide is the document version of an interactive web map that was created as part of the commemoration events for the 50th anniversary of the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake. It is accessible at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Alaska Science Center website: <a href=\"http://alaska.usgs.gov/announcements/news/1964Earthquake/\" target=\"_blank\">http://alaska.usgs.gov/announcements/news/1964Earthquake/</a>. The website features a map display with suggested tour stops in Anchorage, historical photographs taken shortly after the earthquake, repeat photography of selected sites, scanned documents, and small-scale maps, as well as links to slideshows of additional photographs and Google Street View™ scenes. Buildings in Anchorage that were severely damaged, sites of major landslides, and locations of post-earthquake engineering responses are highlighted. The web map can be used online as a virtual tour or in a physical self-guided tour using a web-enabled Global Positioning System (GPS) device. This publication serves the purpose of committing most of the content of the web map to a single distributable document. As such, some of the content differs from the online version.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141086","usgsCitation":"Thoms, E.E., Haeussler, P.J., Anderson, R., and McGimsey, R.G., 2014, 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake: a photographic tour of Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1086, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141086.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056501","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141086.jpg"},{"id":286765,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1086/"},{"id":286767,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1086/pdf/ofr2014-1086.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Anchorage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.72 ], [ -129.99,71.72 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4910e4b0b290850eed99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thoms, Evan E. ethoms@usgs.gov","contributorId":4819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoms","given":"Evan","email":"ethoms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Rebecca 0000-0001-6988-6311 rdanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6988-6311","contributorId":5925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Rebecca","email":"rdanderson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70102455,"text":"fs20143041 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:40:50","indexId":"fs20143041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-25T14:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3041","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of New Mexico, elevation data are critical for infrastructure and construction management, natural resources conservation, flood risk management, agriculture and precision farming, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, forest resources management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 (table 1) for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data (table 1) for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios.The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143041","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3041, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143041.","productDescription":"2 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,{"id":70126600,"text":"70126600 - 2014 - Spatio-temporal patterns of ptarmigan occupancy relative to shrub cover in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-24T09:09:00","indexId":"70126600","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-24T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatio-temporal patterns of ptarmigan occupancy relative to shrub cover in the Arctic","docAbstract":"Rock and willow ptarmigan are abundant herbivores that require shrub habitats in arctic and alpine areas. Shrub expansion is likely to increase winter habitat availability for ptarmigan, which in turn influence shrub architecture and growth through browsing. Despite their ecological role in the Arctic, the distribution and movement patterns of ptarmigan are not well known, particularly in northern Alaska where shrub expansion is occurring. We used multi-season occupancy models to test whether ptarmigan occupancy varied within and among years, and the degree to which colonization and extinction probabilities were related to shrub cover and latitude. Aerial surveys were conducted from March to May in 2011 and April to May 2012 in a 21,230 km<sup>2</sup> area in northeastern Alaska. In areas with at least 30 % shrub cover, the probability of colonization by ptarmigan was >0.90, indicating that moderate to extensive patches of shrubs (typically associated with riparian areas) had a high probability of becoming occupied by ptarmigan. Occupancy increased throughout the spring in both years, providing evidence that ptarmigan migrated from southern wintering areas to breeding areas north of the Brooks Range. Occupancy was higher in the moderate snow year than the high snow year, and this was likely due to higher shrub cover in the moderate snow year. Ptarmigan distribution and migration in the Arctic are linked to expanding shrub communities on a wide geographic scale, and these relationships may be shaping ptarmigan population dynamics, as well as rates and patterns of shrub expansion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-014-1504-z","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., 2014, Spatio-temporal patterns of ptarmigan occupancy relative to shrub cover in the Arctic: Polar Biology, v. 37, no. 8, p. 1111-1120, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1504-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1120","ipdsId":"IP-051567","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294402,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1504-z"},{"id":294403,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-014-1504-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"37","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5423dd26e4b037b608f9d479","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70102454,"text":"70102454 - 2014 - Use of DNA from bite marks can determine species and individual animals that attack humans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:13:22","indexId":"70102454","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-22T13:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of DNA from bite marks can determine species and individual animals that attack humans","docAbstract":"During the summer of 2008, 6 documented attacks and close encounters with brown bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) occurred in the greater Anchorage, Alaska (USA) area. We discuss findings from 2 incidents in which people were mauled within 2 km of each other over a 6-week period and in which it was assumed that a single animal was responsible. To ensure public safety, authorities killed a brown bear implicated in the attacks by circumstantial evidence, though it was not known a priori that the animal was responsible. We extracted DNA from hairs and bite sites on the clothing of both victims and determined species and individual identity of the animal(s) involved in both incidents. Genetic data indicated the brown bear killed by authorities was responsible for one of the maulings, but not both. This research demonstrates that DNA-based techniques, with appropriate sampling, can provide unambiguous identification of animals involved in attacks, as well as provide reasonable justification for excluding others. Because DNA-based techniques can unequivocally identify individual bears carrying out attacks, they should be considered a standard method employed in wildlife attack investigations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.391","usgsCitation":"Farley, S., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Sinnott, R., and Coltrane, J., 2014, Use of DNA from bite marks can determine species and individual animals that attack humans: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 2, p. 370-376, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.391.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-028679","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473041,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.391","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93U3A9J","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bayesian Hierarchical Model of Whimbrel Survival"},{"id":286519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286515,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.391"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Anchorage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.830375,61.137308 ], [ -149.830375,61.1808 ], [ -149.714555,61.1808 ], [ -149.714555,61.137308 ], [ -149.830375,61.137308 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5357815ae4b0938066bc81a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farley, Sean","contributorId":83415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sinnott, Rick","contributorId":81413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinnott","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coltrane, Jessica","contributorId":108028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coltrane","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70101781,"text":"fs20143037 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:42:16","indexId":"fs20143037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T15:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3037","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Louisiana, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143037","issn":"2327-6932","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3037, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143037.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052809","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70101782,"text":"fs20143036 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:43:54","indexId":"fs20143036","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T14:05:37","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3036","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of North Dakota, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, water supply and quality, infrastructure and construction management, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios.The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143036","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3036, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143036.","productDescription":"2 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,{"id":70057870,"text":"sir20135213 - 2014 - 2009 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:41:55","indexId":"sir20135213","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5213","title":"2009 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptions, possible eruptions, volcanic unrest, and reports of unusual activity at or near eight separate volcanic centers in Alaska during 2009. The year was highlighted by the eruption of Redoubt Volcano, one of three active volcanoes on the western side of Cook Inlet and near south-central Alaska's population and commerce centers, which comprise about 62 percent of the State's population of 710,213 (2010 census). AVO staff also participated in hazard communication and monitoring of multiple eruptions at ten volcanoes in Russia as part of its collaborative role in the Kamchatka and Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Teams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135213","usgsCitation":"McGimsey, R.G., Neal, C., Girina, O.A., Chibisova, M., and Rybin, A., 2014, 2009 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5213, ix, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135213.","productDescription":"ix, 125 p.","numberOfPages":"140","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051095","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286396,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5213/pdf/sir2013-5213.pdf"},{"id":286397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135213.jpg"},{"id":286395,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5213/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kamchatka, Kurile Islands","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4925e4b0b290850eeea9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Girina, Olga A.","contributorId":39295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girina","given":"Olga","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chibisova, Marina","contributorId":35016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chibisova","given":"Marina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rybin, Alexander","contributorId":65187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybin","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70094749,"text":"ofr20141037 - 2014 - A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T09:15:28","indexId":"ofr20141037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T08:14:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1037","title":"A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has investigated the environmental geochemistry of a group of unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in the Bonnifield mining district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska. The spectacularly colored Red Mountain deposit is the best exposed of these and provides excellent baseline geochemical data for natural environmental impacts of acidic rock drainage, metal dissolution and transport, and acidic salt and metal precipitation from an exposed and undisturbed VMS deposit.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141037","usgsCitation":"Giles, S.A., and Eppinger, R.G., 2014, A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1037, Map: 48 inches x 37.88 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141037.","productDescription":"Map: 48 inches x 37.88 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051525","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141037.jpg"},{"id":286386,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1037/"},{"id":286387,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1037/pdf/ofr2014-1037.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Range;Red Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.466667,63.9 ], [ -147.466667,63.95 ], [ -147.283333,63.95 ], [ -147.283333,63.9 ], [ -147.466667,63.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5350e9d2e4b05569d805572b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101836,"text":"70101836 - 2014 - Biological legacies: Direct early ecosystem recovery and food web reorganization after a volcanic eruption in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:06:42","indexId":"70101836","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-15T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1474,"text":"Écoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological legacies: Direct early ecosystem recovery and food web reorganization after a volcanic eruption in Alaska","docAbstract":"Attempts to understand how communities assemble following a disturbance are challenged by the difficulty of determining the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes. Biological legacies, which result from organisms that survive a disturbance, can favour deterministic processes in community assembly and improve predictions of successional trajectories. Recently disturbed ecosystems are often so rapidly colonized by propagules that the role of biological legacies is obscured. We studied biological legacies on a remote volcanic island in Alaska following a devastating eruption where the role of colonization from adjacent communities was minimized. The role of biological legacies in the near shore environment was not clear, because although some kelp survived, they were presumably overwhelmed by the many vagile propagules in a marine environment. The legacy concept was most applicable to terrestrial invertebrates and plants that survived in remnants of buried soil that were exposed by post-eruption erosion. If the legacy concept is extended to include ex situ survival by transient organisms, then it was also applicable to the island's thousands of seabirds, because the seabirds survived the eruption by leaving the island and have begun to return and rebuild their nests as local conditions improve. Our multi-trophic examination of biological legacies in a successional context suggests that the relative importance of biological legacies varies with the degree of destruction, the availability of colonizing propagules, the spatial and temporal scales under consideration, and species interactions. Understanding the role of biological legacies in community assembly following disturbances can help elucidate the relative importance of colonists versus survivors, the role of priority effects among the colonists, convergence versus divergence of successional trajectories, the influence of spatial heterogeneity, and the role of island biogeographical concepts.","language":"English","publisher":"Centre d'études nordiques, Université Laval","doi":"10.2980/20-3-3603","usgsCitation":"Walker, L.R., Sikes, D.S., DeGange, A.R., Jewett, S.C., Michaelson, G., Talbot, S.L., Talbot, S., Wang, B., and Williams, J., 2014, Biological legacies: Direct early ecosystem recovery and food web reorganization after a volcanic eruption in Alaska: Écoscience, v. 20, no. 3, p. 240-251, https://doi.org/10.2980/20-3-3603.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"240","endPage":"251","ipdsId":"IP-049690","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -177.0482,51.4992 ], [ -177.0482,52.2436 ], [ -175.0343,52.2436 ], [ -175.0343,51.4992 ], [ -177.0482,51.4992 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"534e46d0e4b0cdc4f9717035","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Lawrence R.","contributorId":12177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sikes, Derek S.","contributorId":23063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sikes","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Michaelson, Gary","contributorId":56086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelson","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Williams, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":41333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Jeffrey C.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70101829,"text":"70101829 - 2014 - Predicting the effects of climate change on ecosystems and wildlife habitat in northwest Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-09T15:39:27.836914","indexId":"70101829","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-15T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the effects of climate change on ecosystems and wildlife habitat in northwest Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>We used a modeling framework and a recent ecological land classification and land cover map to predict how ecosystems and wildlife habitat in northwest Alaska might change in response to increasing temperature. Our results suggest modest increases in forest and tall shrub ecotypes in Northwest Alaska by the end of this century thereby increasing habitat for forest-dwelling and shrub-using birds and mammals. Conversely, we predict declines in several more open low shrub, tussock, and meadow ecotypes favored by many waterbird, shorebird, and small mammal species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"DeGange, A.R., Marcot, B., Lawler, J., Jorgenson, T., and Winfree, R., 2014, Predicting the effects of climate change on ecosystems and wildlife habitat in northwest Alaska: Alaska Park Science, v. 12, no. 2, p. 66-73.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-046323","costCenters":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287956,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/aps-v12-i2-c12.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.03,64.98 ], [ -166.03,67.03 ], [ -149.79,67.03 ], [ -149.79,64.98 ], [ -166.03,64.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"534e46d3e4b0cdc4f9717045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcot, Bruce G.","contributorId":58015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcot","given":"Bruce G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawler, James","contributorId":54510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawler","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgenson, Torre","contributorId":45380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winfree, Robert","contributorId":33619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winfree","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70101408,"text":"70101408 - 2014 - Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:29:09","indexId":"70101408","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T10:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific","docAbstract":"The annual 29 000 km long migration of the bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri, around the Pacific Ocean traverses what is arguably the most complex and seasonally structured atmospheric setting on Earth. Faced with marked variation in wind regimes and storm conditions across oceanic migration corridors, individuals must make critical decisions about when and where to fly during nonstop flights of a week's duration or longer. At a minimum, their decisions will affect wind profitability and thus reduce energetic costs of migration; in the extreme, poor decisions or unpredictable weather events will risk survival. We used satellite telemetry to track the annual migration of 24 bar-tailed godwits and analysed their flight performance relative to wind conditions during three major migration legs between nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand and breeding grounds in Alaska. Because flight altitudes of birds en route were unknown, we modelled flight efficiency at six geopotential heights across each migratory segment. Birds selected departure dates when atmospheric conditions conferred the greatest wind assistance both at departure and throughout their flights. This behaviour suggests that there exists a cognitive mechanism, heretofore unknown among migratory birds, that allows godwits to assess changes in weather conditions that are linked (i.e. teleconnected) across widely separated atmospheric regions. Godwits also showed adaptive flexibility in their response not only to cues related to seasonal changes in macrometeorology, such as spatial shifting of storm tracks and temporal periods of cyclogenesis, but also to cues associated with stochastic events, especially at departure sites. Godwits showed limits to their response behaviours, however, especially relative to rapidly developing stochastic events while en route. We found that flight efficiency depended significantly upon altitude and hypothesize that godwits exhibit further adaptive flexibility by varying flight altitude en route to optimize flight efficiency.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., Douglas, D.C., Handel, C.M., Tibbitts, T.L., Hufford, G., and Piersma, T., 2014, Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific: Animal Behaviour, v. 90, p. 117-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-049323","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286221,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 100.0,-50.0 ], [ 100.0,70.0 ], [ -140.0,70.0 ], [ -140.0,-50.0 ], [ 100.0,-50.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"90","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517045e4b05569d805a24b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hufford, Gary","contributorId":106408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hufford","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":95369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70059913,"text":"70059913 - 2014 - Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T10:34:00","indexId":"70059913","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T10:27:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data","docAbstract":"Aeromagnetic data helped us to understand the 3D distribution of plutonic rocks near the Pebble porphyry copper deposit in southwestern Alaska, USA. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed that rocks in the Pebble district are more magnetic than rocks of comparable compositions in the Pike Creek–Stuyahok Hills volcano-plutonic complex. The reduced-to-pole transformation of the aeromagnetic data demonstrated that the older rocks in the Pebble district produce strong magnetic anomaly highs. The tilt derivative transformation highlighted northeast-trending lineaments attributed to Tertiary volcanic rocks. Multiscale edge detection delineated near-surface magnetic sources that are mostly outward dipping and coalesce at depth in the Pebble district. The total horizontal gradient of the 10-km upward-continued magnetic data showed an oval, deep magnetic contact along which porphyry deposits occur. Forward and inverse magnetic modeling showed that the magnetic rocks in the Pebble district extend to depths greater than 9 km. Magnetic inversion was constrained by a near-surface, 3D geologic model that is attributed with measured magnetic susceptibilities from various rock types in the region. The inversion results indicated that several near-surface magnetic sources with moderate susceptibilities converge with depth into magnetic bodies with higher susceptibilities. This deep magnetic source appeared to rise toward the surface in several areas. An isosurface value of 0.02 SI was used to depict the magnetic contact between outcropping granodiorite and nonmagnetic sedimentary host rocks. The contact was shown to be outward dipping. At depths around 5 km, nearly the entire model exceeded the isosurface value indicating the limits of nonmagnetic host material. The inversion results showed the presence of a relatively deep, northeast-trending magnetic low that parallels lineaments mapped by the tilt derivative. This deep low represents a strand of the Lake Clark fault.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2013-0326.1","usgsCitation":"Anderson, E.D., Zhou, W., Li, Y., Hitzman, M., Monecke, T., Lang, J.R., and Kelley, K., 2014, Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data: Geophysics, v. 79, no. 2, p. B63-B79, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0326.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"B63","endPage":"B79","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-051177","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286163,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0326.1"},{"id":286168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.0049,58.8251 ], [ -160.0049,61.122 ], [ -151.9958,61.122 ], [ -151.9958,58.8251 ], [ -160.0049,58.8251 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a40a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhou, Wei","contributorId":82221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Yaoguo","contributorId":80184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yaoguo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitzman, Murray W.","contributorId":14682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitzman","given":"Murray W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monecke, Thomas","contributorId":50423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monecke","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lang, James R.","contributorId":39679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70101165,"text":"70101165 - 2014 - High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:25:41","indexId":"70101165","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T09:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska","docAbstract":"High rates of site fidelity have been assumed to infer static distributions of molting geese in some cases. To test this assumption, we examined movements of individually marked birds to understand the underlying mechanisms of range expansion of molting Black Brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>) on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of Alaska. The Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA) on the ACP was created to protect the primary molting area of Brant. When established in 1977, the TLSA was thought to include most, if not all, wetlands used by molting Brant on the ACP. From 2010 to 2013, we surveyed areas outside the TLSA and counted an average of 9800 Brant per year, representing 29–37% of all molting Brant counted on the ACP. We captured and banded molting Brant in 2011 and 2012 both within the TLSA and outside the TLSA at the Piasuk River Delta and Cape Simpson to assess movements of birds among areas across years. Estimates of movement rates out of the TLSA exceeded those into the TLSA, demonstrating overall directional dispersal. We found differences in sex and age ratios and proportions of adult females with brood patches, but no differences in mass dynamics for birds captured within and outside the TLSA. Overall fidelity rates to specific lakes (0.81, range = 0.49–0.92) were unchanged from comparable estimates obtained in the early 1990s. We conclude that Brant are dispersing from the TLSA into new molting areas while simultaneously redistributing within the TLSA, likely as a consequence of changes in relative habitat quality. Shifts in distribution resulted from colonization of new areas by young birds as well as low levels of directional dispersal of birds that previously molted in the TLSA. Based on combined counts, the overall number of molting Brant across the ACP has increased substantially.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12051","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Meixell, B.W., and Mallek, E.J., 2014, High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 85, no. 1, p. 75-83, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12051.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-048892","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286078,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12051"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Artic Coastal Plain;Cape Simpson;Piasuk River Delta;Teshekpuk Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.4236,70.3187 ], [ -155.4236,71.3114 ], [ -150.2051,71.3114 ], [ -150.2051,70.3187 ], [ -155.4236,70.3187 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517046e4b05569d805a251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mallek, Edward J.","contributorId":103964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallek","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70139238,"text":"70139238 - 2014 - Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:48:12","indexId":"70139238","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Pacific walrus is a large benthivore with an annual range extending across the continental shelves of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. We used a discrete choice model to estimate site selection by adult radio-tagged walruses relative to the availability of the caloric biomass of benthic infauna and sea ice concentration in a prominent walrus wintering area in the northern Bering Sea (St. Lawrence Island polynya) in 2006, 2008, and 2009. At least 60% of the total caloric biomass of dominant macroinfauna in the study area was composed of members of the bivalve families Nuculidae, Tellinidae, and Nuculanidae. Model estimates indicated walrus site selection was related most strongly to tellinid bivalve caloric biomass distribution and that walruses selected lower ice concentrations from the mostly high ice concentrations that were available to them (quartiles: 76%, 93%, and 99%). Areas with high average predicted walrus site selection generally coincided with areas of high organic carbon input identified in other studies. Projected decreases in sea ice in the St. Lawrence Island polynya and the potential for a concomitant decline of bivalves in the region could result in a northward shift in the wintering grounds of walruses in the northern Bering Sea.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0093035","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Grebmeier, J.M., Fischbach, A.S., McDonald, T.L., Cooper, L.W., and Hornsby, F., 2014, Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 4, e93035; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093035.","productDescription":"e93035; 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050862","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              63.6267446447533\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.189453125,\n              63.6267446447533\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.189453125,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c20e4b08de9379b3648","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.","contributorId":48815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grebmeier","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":2865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooper, Lee W.","contributorId":106806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hornsby, Fawn","contributorId":138933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hornsby","given":"Fawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70101024,"text":"70101024 - 2014 - Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:53:03","indexId":"70101024","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T10:55:47","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"Tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) like many waterfowl species are susceptible to lead (Pb) poisoning, and Pb-induced mortality has been reported from many areas of their wintering range. Little is known however about Pb levels throughout the annual cycle of tundra swans, especially during summer when birds are on remote northern breeding areas where they are less likely to be exposed to anthropogenic sources of Pb. Our objective was to document summer Pb levels in tundra swans throughout their breeding range in Alaska to determine if there were population-specific differences in blood Pb concentrations that might pose a threat to swans and to humans that may consume them. We measured blood Pb concentrations in tundra swans at five locations in Alaska, representing birds that winter in both the Pacific Flyway and Atlantic Flyway. We also marked swans at each location with satellite transmitters and coded neck bands, to identify staging and wintering sites and determine if winter site use correlated with summer Pb concentrations. Blood Pb levels were generally low ( &lt; 0.2 μg/ml) in swans across all breeding areas. Pb levels were lower in cygnets than adults, suggesting that swans were likely exposed to Pb on wintering areas or on return migration to Alaska, rather than on the summer breeding grounds. Blood Pb levels varied significantly across the five breeding areas, with highest concentrations in birds on the North Slope of Alaska (wintering in the Atlantic Flyway), and lowest in birds from the lower Alaska Peninsula that rarely migrate south for winter.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., and Franson, C., 2014, Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry: Ecotoxicology, v. 23, no. 3, p. 349-356, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"356","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053240","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285949,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -141.240234375,\n              69.7181066990676\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09375,\n              71.41317683396566\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.55273437499997,\n              68.75231494434473\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.57421875,\n              65.47650756256367\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.41015625,\n              59.62332522313024\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.345703125,\n              57.562995459387146\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.16796875,\n              54.36775852406841\n            ],\n            [\n              -177.890625,\n              52.482780222078205\n            ],\n            [\n              -187.3828125,\n              53.54030739150022\n            ],\n            [\n              -187.998046875,\n              52.429222277955134\n            ],\n            [\n              -177.275390625,\n              51.01375465718821\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.904296875,\n              52.802761415419674\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.279296875,\n              54.77534585936447\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.611328125,\n              56.84897198026975\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.99609375,\n              58.768200159239576\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.42578125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.240234375,\n              69.7181066990676\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517029e4b05569d805a17b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":58941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70100765,"text":"70100765 - 2014 - Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-04T15:51:07","indexId":"70100765","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-04T15:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data","docAbstract":"Effective marine bird conservation requires identification of at-sea locations used by populations for foraging, staging, and migration. Using an extensive database of at-sea survey data spanning over 30 years, we developed a standardized and data-driven spatial method for identifying globally significant marine Important Bird Areas in Alaska. To delineate these areas we developed a six-step process: binning data and accounting for unequal survey effort, filtering input data for persistence of species use, using a moving window analysis to produce maps representing a gradient from low to high abundance, drawing core area boundaries around major concentrations based on abundance thresholds, validating the results, and combining overlapping boundaries into important areas for multiple species. We identified 126 bird core areas which were merged into 59 pelagic sites important to 45 out of 57 species assessed. The final areas included approximately 34–38% of all marine birds in Alaska waters, within just 6% of the total area. We identified globally significant Important Bird Areas spanning 20 degrees of latitude and 56 degrees of longitude, in two different oceans, with climates ranging from temperate to polar. Although our maps did suffer from some data gaps, these gaps did not preclude us from identifying sites that incorporated 13% of the assessed continental waterbird population and 9% of the assessed global seabird population. The application of this technique over a large and productive region worked well for a wide range of birds, exhibiting a variety of foraging strategies and occupying a variety of ecosystem types.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039","usgsCitation":"Smith, M.A., Walker, N.J., Free, C.M., Kirchhoff, M.J., Drew, G.S., Warnock, N., and Stenhouse, I.J., 2014, Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data: Biological Conservation, v. 172, p. 180-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-051043","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285754,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea;Chukchi Sea;East Bering Sea;Gulf Of Alaska;West Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 130.5,47.9 ], [ 130.5,74.7 ], [ -167.6,74.7 ], [ -167.6,47.9 ], [ 130.5,47.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"172","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351704ee4b05569d805a2db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Melanie A.","contributorId":31305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, Nathan J.","contributorId":90210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Free, Christopher M.","contributorId":40895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Free","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirchhoff, Matthew J.","contributorId":31306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirchhoff","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drew, Gary S. 0000-0002-6789-0891 gdrew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-0891","contributorId":3311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Gary","email":"gdrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":64534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stenhouse, Iain J.","contributorId":23434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenhouse","given":"Iain","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70095679,"text":"ofr20141049 - 2014 - Soils, vegetation, and woody debris data from the 2001 Survey Line fire and a comparable unburned site, Tanana Flats region, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-02T15:03:24","indexId":"ofr20141049","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-02T14:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1049","title":"Soils, vegetation, and woody debris data from the 2001 Survey Line fire and a comparable unburned site, Tanana Flats region, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report describes the collection and processing methodologies for samples obtained at two sites within Interior Alaska: (1) a location within the 2001 Survey Line burn, and (2) an unburned location, selected as a control. In 2002 and 2004 U.S. Geological Survey investigators measured soil properties including, but not limited to, bulk density, volumetric water content, carbon content, and nitrogen content from samples obtained from these sites. Stand properties, such as tree density, the amount of woody debris, and understory vegetation, were also measured and are presented in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141049","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Manies, K.L., Harden, J.W., and Holingsworth, T.N., 2014, Soils, vegetation, and woody debris data from the 2001 Survey Line fire and a comparable unburned site, Tanana Flats region, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1049, Report: iii, 20 p.; Tanana soil data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141049.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; Tanana soil data","numberOfPages":"25","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-044961","costCenters":[{"id":556,"text":"Soil Carbon Research","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141049.PNG"},{"id":285311,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1049/pdf/ofr2014-1049.pdf"},{"id":283481,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1049/"},{"id":285312,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1049/downloads/ofr2014-1049_data.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanana Flats;Tanana River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -148.422256,64.63788 ], [ -148.422256,64.710289 ], [ -148.188102,64.710289 ], [ -148.188102,64.63788 ], [ -148.422256,64.63788 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517064e4b05569d805a3c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holingsworth, Teresa N.","contributorId":47290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holingsworth","given":"Teresa","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70100456,"text":"fs20143020 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:45:20","indexId":"fs20143020","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T15:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3020","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Missouri","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Missouri, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming; natural resources conservation; flood risk management; homeland security, law enforcement, and disaster response; infrastructure and construction management; water supply and quality; and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143020","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3020, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143020.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052811","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70127912,"text":"70127912 - 2014 - Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed (<i>Gavia adamsii</i>) loons in Arctic habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T14:59:36","indexId":"70127912","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T14:48:55","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed (<i>Gavia adamsii</i>) loons in Arctic habitats","docAbstract":"Pacific (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed (<i>G. adamsii</i>) loons nest sympatrically in Arctic regions. These related species likely face similar constraints and requirements for nesting success; therefore, use of similar habitats and direct competition for nesting habitat is likely. Both of these loon species must select a breeding lake that provides suitable habitat for nesting and raising chicks; however, characteristics of nest site selection by either species on interior Arctic lakes remains poorly understood. Here, logistic regression was used to compare structural and habitat characteristics of all loon nest locations with random points from lakes on the interior Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Results suggest that both loon species select nest sites to avoid predation and exposure to waves and shifting ice. Loon nest sites were more likely to be on islands and peninsulas (odds ratio = 16.13, 95% CI = 4.64–56.16) than mainland shoreline, which may help loons avoid terrestrial predators. Further, nest sites had a higher degree of visibility (mean degrees of visibility to 100 and 200 m) of approaching predators than random points (odds ratio = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.22–5.39). Nests were sheltered from exposure, having lower odds of being exposed to prevailing winds (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.13–0.92) and lower odds of having high fetch values (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22–0.96). Differences between Pacific and Yellow-billed loon nesting sites were subtle, suggesting that both species have similar general nest site requirements. However, Yellow-billed Loons nested at slightly higher elevations and were more likely to nest on peninsulas than Pacific Loons. Pacific Loons constructed built up nests from mud and vegetation, potentially in response to limited access to suitable shoreline due to other territorial loons. Results suggest that land managers wishing to protect habitats for these species should focus on lakes with islands as well as shorelines sheltered from exposure to prevailing wind and ice patterns.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp104","usgsCitation":"Haynes, T.B., Schmutz, J.A., Lindberg, M., and Rosenberger, A.E., 2014, Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed (<i>Gavia adamsii</i>) loons in Arctic habitats: Waterbirds, v. 37, p. 16-25, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp104.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-045098","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294845,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp104"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Coastal Plain","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e697ee4b092f17df5aa1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, Trevor B.","contributorId":100302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70099819,"text":"70099819 - 2014 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T14:34:50.208553","indexId":"70099819","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Ballmann, A.E., White, C.L., Bodenstein, B.L., and Buckner, J.L., 2014, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. 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LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165 clwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":4315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"clwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":4389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckner, Jennifer L. jbuckner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbuckner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70111060,"text":"70111060 - 2014 - Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T08:48:13","indexId":"70111060","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:19:04","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather","docAbstract":"We analyze intervals between eruptions (IBEs) data acquired between 2001 and 2011 at Daisy and Old Faithful geysers in Yellowstone National Park. We focus our statistical analysis on the response of these geysers to stress perturbations from within the solid earth (earthquakes and earth tides) and from weather (air pressure and temperature, precipitation, and wind). We conclude that (1) the IBEs of these geysers are insensitive to periodic stresses induced by solid earth tides and barometric pressure variations; (2) Daisy (pool geyser) IBEs lengthen by evaporation and heat loss in response to large wind storms and cold air; and (3) Old Faithful (cone geyser) IBEs are not modulated by air temperature and pressure variations, wind, and precipitation, suggesting that the subsurface water column is decoupled from the atmosphere. Dynamic stress changes of 0.1−0.2 MPa resulting from the 2002 M-7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake surface waves caused a statistically significant shortening of Daisy geyser's IBEs. Stresses induced by other large global earthquakes during the study period were at least an order of magnitude smaller. In contrast, dynamic stresses of >0.5 MPa from three large regional earthquakes in 1959, 1975, and 1983 caused lengthening of Old Faithful's IBEs. We infer that most subannual geyser IBE variability is dominated by internal processes and interaction with other geysers. The results of this study provide quantitative bounds on the sensitivity of hydrothermal systems to external stress perturbations and have implications for studying the triggering and modulation of volcanic eruptions by external forces.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013JB010803","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Sohn, R.A., Luttrell, K.M., and Manga, M., 2014, Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 3, p. 1718-1737, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010803.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1718","endPage":"1737","ipdsId":"IP-052228","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jb010803","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,43.5 ], [ -111,45.5 ], [ -110,45.5 ], [ -110,43.5 ], [ -111,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae787ce4b0abf75cf2d705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohn, Robert A.","contributorId":37258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luttrell, Karen M. kluttrell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luttrell","given":"Karen","email":"kluttrell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":66559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70100916,"text":"70100916 - 2014 - The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T11:30:35","indexId":"70100916","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites","docAbstract":"An updated global compilation of 377 new and previously published ages indicates that granitic pegmatites range in age from Mesoarchean to Neogene and have a semi-periodic age distribution. Undivided granitic pegmatites show twelve age maxima: 2913, 2687, 2501, 1853, 1379, 1174, 988, 525, 483, 391, 319, and 72 Ma. These peaks correspond broadly with various proxy records of supercontinent assembly, including the age distributions of granites, detrital zircon grains, and passive margins. Lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites have a similar age distribution to the undivided granitic pegmatites, with maxima at 2638, 1800, 962, 529, 485, 371, 309, and 274 Ma. Lithium and Ta resources in LCT pegmatites are concentrated in the Archean and Phanerozoic. While there are some Li resources from the Proterozoic, the dominantly bimodal distribution of resources is particularly evident for Ta. This distribution is similar to that of orogenic gold deposits, and has been interpreted to reflect the preservation potential of the orogenic belts where these deposits are formed. Niobium-yttrium-fluorine (NYF) pegmatites show similar age distributions to LCT pegmatites, but with a strong maximum at ca. 1000 Ma.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Association of Canada","doi":"10.3749/canmin.52.2.183","usgsCitation":"McCauley, A., and Bradley, D., 2014, The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 52, no. 2, p. 183-190, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.52.2.183.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-055855","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291676,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.52.2.183"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efdee4b0fe532be2de9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCauley, Andrew","contributorId":48846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCauley","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70133389,"text":"70133389 - 2014 - Spatial variation and low diversity in the major histocompatibility complex in walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:14:05","indexId":"70133389","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation and low diversity in the major histocompatibility complex in walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Increased global temperature and associated changes to Arctic habitats will likely result in the northward advance of species, including an influx of pathogens novel to the Arctic. How species respond to these immunological challenges will depend in part on the adaptive potential of their immune response system. We compared levels of genetic diversity at a gene associated with adaptive immune response [Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC), DQB exon 2] between populations of walrus (<em>Odobenus rosmarus</em>), a sea ice-dependent Arctic species. Walrus was represented by only five MHC DQB alleles, with frequency differences observed between Pacific and Atlantic populations. MHC DQB alleles appear to be under balancing selection, and most (80 %; <em>n</em> = 4/5) of the alleles were observed in walruses from both oceans, suggesting broad scale differences in the frequency of exposure and diversity of pathogens may be influencing levels of heterozygosity at DQB in walruses. Limited genetic diversity at MHC, however, suggests that walrus may have a reduced capacity to respond to novel immunological challenges associated with shifts in ecological communities and environmental stressors predicted for changing climates. This is particularly pertinent for walrus, since reductions in summer sea ice may facilitate both northward expansion of marine species and associated pathogens from more temperate regions, and exchange of marine mammals and associated pathogens through the recently opened Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in the Canadian high Arctic.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00300-014-1450-9","usgsCitation":"Sonsthagen, S.A., Fales, K.R., Jay, C.V., Sage, G.K., and Talbot, S.L., 2014, Spatial variation and low diversity in the major histocompatibility complex in walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus</i>): Polar Biology, v. 37, no. 4, p. 497-506, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1450-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"506","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048961","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296020,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-014-1450-9"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic, Atlantic Ocean, Northwest Passage, Pacific Ocean","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d63ae4b04d4b7dbd6693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fales, Krystal R. 0000-0001-6436-9956 krfales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-9956","contributorId":127432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fales","given":"Krystal","email":"krfales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6967,"text":"Environmental Science Department, Alaska Pacific University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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