{"pageNumber":"94","pageRowStart":"2325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":70033275,"text":"70033275 - 2008 - Conservation status of imperiled north American freshwater and diadromous fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033275","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation status of imperiled north American freshwater and diadromous fishes","docAbstract":"This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society's Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03632","usgsCitation":"Jelks, H., Walsh, S., Burkhead, N., Contreras-Balderas, S., Diaz-Pardo, E., Hendrickson, D., Lyons, J., Mandrak, N., McCormick, F., Nelson, J.S., Platania, S.P., Porter, B., Renaud, C., Schmitter-Soto, J., Taylor, E., and Warren, M., 2008, Conservation status of imperiled north American freshwater and diadromous fishes: Fisheries, v. 33, no. 8, p. 372-407.","startPage":"372","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9f5e4b0c8380cd4d83c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jelks, H.L. 0000-0002-0672-6297","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":12000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, S. J. 0000-0002-1009-8537","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-8537","contributorId":62171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkhead, N.M.","contributorId":34456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhead","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Contreras-Balderas, Salvador","contributorId":35956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Contreras-Balderas","given":"Salvador","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diaz-Pardo, E.","contributorId":68542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz-Pardo","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hendrickson, D.A.","contributorId":29222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrickson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lyons, J.","contributorId":13411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mandrak, N.E.","contributorId":79301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandrak","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McCormick, F.","contributorId":40811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nelson, Joseph S.","contributorId":67732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Platania, Steven P.","contributorId":83341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platania","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Porter, B.A.","contributorId":22879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Renaud, C.B.","contributorId":52797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renaud","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Schmitter-Soto, J. J.","contributorId":96094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitter-Soto","given":"J. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Taylor, E.B.","contributorId":107506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Warren, M.L. Jr.","contributorId":106448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"M.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70033225,"text":"70033225 - 2008 - Prioritizing conservation effort through the use of biological soil crusts as ecosystem function indicators in an arid region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033225","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing conservation effort through the use of biological soil crusts as ecosystem function indicators in an arid region","docAbstract":"Conservation prioritization usually focuses on conservation of rare species or biodiversity, rather than ecological processes. This is partially due to a lack of informative indicators of ecosystem function. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) trap and retain soil and water resources in arid ecosystems and function as major carbon and nitrogen fixers; thus, they may be informative indicators of ecosystem function. We created spatial models of multiple indicators of the diversity and function of BSCs (species richness, evenness, functional diversity, functional redundancy, number of rare species, number of habitat specialists, nitrogen and carbon fixation indices, soil stabilization, and surface roughening) for the 800,000-ha Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (Utah, U.S.A.). We then combined the indicators into a single BSC function map and a single BSC biodiversity map (2 alternative types of conservation value) with an unweighted averaging procedure and a weighted procedure derived from validations performance. We also modeled potential degradation with data from a rangeland assessment survey. To determine which areas on the landscape were the highest conservation priorities, we overlaid the function- and diversity-based conservation-value layers on the potential degradation layer. Different methods for ascribing conservation-value and conservation-priority layers all yielded strikingly similar results (r = 0.89-0.99), which suggests that in this case biodiversity and function can be conserved simultaneously. We believe BSCs can be used as indicators of ecosystem function in concert with other indicators (such as plant-community properties) and that such information can be used to prioritize conservation effort in drylands. ?? 2008 Society for Conservation Biology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01036.x","issn":"08888","usgsCitation":"Bowker, M.A., Miller, M.E., Belnap, J., Sisk, T., and Johnson, N., 2008, Prioritizing conservation effort through the use of biological soil crusts as ecosystem function indicators in an arid region: Conservation Biology, v. 22, no. 6, p. 1533-1543, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01036.x.","startPage":"1533","endPage":"1543","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213218,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01036.x"},{"id":240822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c72e4b0c8380cd7e6c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, M. A.","contributorId":18901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, M. E.","contributorId":104003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sisk, T.D.","contributorId":54023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisk","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, N.C.","contributorId":29567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"N.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033196,"text":"70033196 - 2008 - Metalliferous sediment and a silica-hematite deposit within the Blanco fracture zone, Northeast Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033196","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2669,"text":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metalliferous sediment and a silica-hematite deposit within the Blanco fracture zone, Northeast Pacific","docAbstract":"A Tiburon ROV dive within the East Blanco Depression (EBD) increased the mapped extent of a known hydrothermal field by an order of magnitude. In addition, a unique opal-CT (cristobalite-tridymite)-hematite mound was discovered, and mineralized sediments and rock were collected and analyzed. Silica-hematite mounds have not previously been found on the deep ocean floor. The light-weight rock of the porous mound consists predominantly of opal-CT and hematite filaments, rods, and strands, and averages 77.8% SiO2 and 11.8% Fe2O3. The hematite and opal-CT precipitated from a low-temperature (???115?? C), strongly oxidized, silica- and iron-rich, sulfur-poor hydrothermal fluid; a bacterial mat provided the framework for precipitation. Samples collected from a volcaniclastic rock outcrop consist primarily of quartz with lesser plagioclase, smectite, pyroxene, and sulfides; SiO2 content averages 72.5%. Formation of these quartz-rich samples is best explained by cooling in an up-flow zone of silica-rich hydrothermal fluids within a low permeability system. Opal-A, opal-CT, and quartz mineralization found in different places within the EBD hydrothermal field likely reflects decreasing silica saturation and increasing temperature of the mineralizing fluid with increasing silica crystallinity. Six push cores recovered gravel, coarse sand, and mud mineralized variously by Fe or Mn oxides, silica, and sulfides. Total rare-earth element concentrations are low for both the rock and push core samples. Ce and Eu anomalies reflect high and low temperature hydrothermal components and detrital phases. A remarkable variety of types of mineralization occur within the EBD field, yet a consistent suite of elements is enriched (relative to basalt and unmineralized cores) in all samples analyzed: Ag, Au, S, Mo, Hg, As, Sb, Sr, and U; most samples are also enriched in Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn. On the basis of these element enrichments, the EBD hydrothermal field might best be described as a base- and precious-metal-bearing, silica-Fe-oxide-barite deposit. Such deposits are commonly spatially and temporally associated with volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) ores. A plot of data for pathfinder elements shows a large hot spot at the northwestern margin of the field, which may mark a region where moderate to high temperature sulfide deposits are forming at depth; further exploration of the hydrothermal field to the northwest is warranted.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10641190802430986","issn":"10641","usgsCitation":"Hein, J., Clague, D., Koski, R., Embley, R., and Dunham, R., 2008, Metalliferous sediment and a silica-hematite deposit within the Blanco fracture zone, Northeast Pacific: Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, v. 26, no. 4, p. 317-339, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641190802430986.","startPage":"317","endPage":"339","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213282,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641190802430986"},{"id":240892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a54e2e4b0c8380cd6d081","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koski, R.A.","contributorId":16006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Embley, R.W.","contributorId":28616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embley","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunham, R.E.","contributorId":8297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032146,"text":"70032146 - 2008 - An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032146","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3103,"text":"Population Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations","docAbstract":"How to design an efficient large-area survey continues to be an interesting question for ecologists. In sampling large areas, as is common in environmental studies, adaptive sampling can be efficient because it ensures survey effort is targeted to subareas of high interest. In two-stage sampling, higher density primary sample units are usually of more interest than lower density primary units when populations are rare and clustered. Two-stage sequential sampling has been suggested as a method for allocating second stage sample effort among primary units. Here, we suggest a modification: adaptive two-stage sequential sampling. In this method, the adaptive part of the allocation process means the design is more flexible in how much extra effort can be directed to higher-abundance primary units. We discuss how best to design an adaptive two-stage sequential sample. ?? 2008 The Society of Population Ecology and Springer.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Population Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10144-008-0089-1","issn":"14383896","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Salehi, M., Moradi, M., Bell, G., and Smith, D., 2008, An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations: Population Ecology, v. 50, no. 3, p. 239-245, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10144-008-0089-1.","startPage":"239","endPage":"245","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476759,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10144-008-0089-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214595,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10144-008-0089-1"},{"id":242335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9e2e4b0c8380cd484eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.A.","contributorId":43079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Salehi, M.M.","contributorId":14210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salehi","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moradi, M.","contributorId":69376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moradi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, G.","contributorId":21777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032136,"text":"70032136 - 2008 - Abyssal ostracods from the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Biological and paleoceanographic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032136","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1370,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abyssal ostracods from the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Biological and paleoceanographic implications","docAbstract":"We report the distribution of ostracods from ???5000 m depth from the Southeast and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean recovered from the uppermost 10 cm of minimally disturbed sediments taken by multiple-corer during the R/V Meteor DIVA2 expedition M63.2. Five cores yielded the following major deep-sea genera: Krithe, Henryhowella, Poseidonamicus, Legitimocythere, Pseudobosquetina, and Pennyella. All genera are widely distributed in abyssal depths in the world's oceans and common in Cenozoic deep-sea sediments. The total number of ostracod specimens is higher and ostracod shell preservation is better near the sediment-water interface, especially at the 0-1 cm core depths. Core slices from ???5 to 10 cm were barren or yielded a few poorly preserved specimens. The DIVA2 cores show that deep-sea ostracod species inhabit corrosive bottom water near the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) even though their calcareous valves are rarely preserved as fossils in sediment cores due to postmortem dissolution. Their occurrence at great water depths may partially explain the well-known global distributions of major deep-sea taxa in the world's oceans, although further expeditions using minimal-disturbance sampling devices are needed to fill geographic gaps. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2008.01.004","issn":"09670637","usgsCitation":"Yasuhara, M., Cronin, T.M., and Martinez, A.P., 2008, Abyssal ostracods from the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Biological and paleoceanographic implications: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 55, no. 4, p. 490-497, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.01.004.","startPage":"490","endPage":"497","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214938,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.01.004"},{"id":242699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e663e4b0c8380cd473b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yasuhara, Moriaki","contributorId":37935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yasuhara","given":"Moriaki","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martinez, Arbizu P.","contributorId":72608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Arbizu","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009719,"text":"70009719 - 2008 - Introduction to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) of ground-water quality trends and comparison to other national programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:22","indexId":"70009719","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Introduction to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) of ground-water quality trends and comparison to other national programs","docAbstract":"Assessment of temporal trends in national ground-water quality networks are rarely published in scientific journals. This is partly due to the fact that long-term data from these types of networks are uncommon and because many national monitoring networks are not driven by hypotheses that can be easily incorporated into scientific research. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) since 1991 has to date (2006) concentrated on occurrence of contaminants because sufficient data for trend analysis is only just becoming available. This paper introduces the first set of trend assessments from NAWQA and provides an assessment of the success of the program. On a national scale, nitrate concentrations in ground water have generally increased from 1988 to 2004, but trends in pesticide concentrations are less apparent. Regionally, the studies showed high nitrate concentrations and frequent pesticide detections are linked to agricultural use of fertilizers and pesticides. Most of these areas showed increases in nitrate concentration within the last decade, and these increases are associated with oxic-geochemical conditions and well-drained soils. The current NAWQA plan for collecting data to define trends needs to be constantly reevaluated to determine if the approach fulfills the expected outcome. To assist this evaluation, a comparison of NAWQA to other national ground-water quality programs was undertaken. The design and spatial extent of each national program depend on many factors, including current and long-term budgets, purpose of the program, size of the country, and diversity of aquifer types. Comparison of NAWQA to nine other national programs shows a great diversity in program designs, but indicates that different approaches can achieve similar and equally important goals. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2008.0049","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Rosen, M.R., and Lapham, W., 2008, Introduction to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) of ground-water quality trends and comparison to other national programs, <i>in</i> Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. SUPPL. 5, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0049.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476774,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":219327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204937,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0049"}],"volume":"37","issue":"SUPPL. 5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dfae4b0c8380cd639db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Michael R.","contributorId":43096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lapham, W.W.","contributorId":36583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapham","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032135,"text":"70032135 - 2008 - Development and evaluation of geochemical methods for the sourcing of archaeological maize","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T12:58:12","indexId":"70032135","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2182,"text":"Journal of Archaeological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and evaluation of geochemical methods for the sourcing of archaeological maize","docAbstract":"Strontium (Sr)-isotope values on bone from deer mice pairs from 12 field sites in the Chaco Canyon area, New Mexico, were compared with isotope values of synthetic soil waters from the same fields. The data indicate that mice obtain Sr from near-surface sources and that soil samples collected at depths ranging from 25 to 95 cm contain Sr that is more accessible to the deep roots of maize; thus, synthetic soil solutions provide better data for the sourcing of archaeological maize. However, the Sr-isotope composition of mice may be more valuable in sourcing archaeological remains of animals such as rabbit, turkey, and deer. In a separate study, five Native American maize (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) accessions grown out at New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center, Farmington, New Mexico were used to determine if soil-water metal pairs partition systematically into cobs and kernels. The sampled maize included landraces from three Native American groups (Acoma, Hopi, Zuni) that still occupy the Four Corners area. Two cobs each were picked from 10 plants of each landrace. Partitioning of the Ba/Mn, Ba/Sr, Ca/Sr, and K/Rb metal pairs from the soil water to the cob appears to behave in a systematic fashion. In addition, 51 rare earth element (REE) pairs also appear to systematically partition from the soil water into cobs; however, the ratios of the REE dissolved in the soil waters are relatively invariant; therefore, the distribution coefficients that describe the partitioning of REE from the soil water to the cob may not apply to archeological cobs grown under chemically heterogeneous conditions. Partitioning of Ba/Rb, Ba/Sr, Mg/P, and Mn/P metal pairs from the soil water to kernels also behaves in a systematic fashion. Given that modern Native American landraces were grown under optimal environmental conditions that may not have been duplicated by prehistoric Native Americans, the distribution coefficients obtained in this study should be used with caution. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Archaeological Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2007.06.018","issn":"03054403","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., Taylor, H.E., Peterson, K., Shattuck, B., Ramotnik, C., and Stein, J., 2008, Development and evaluation of geochemical methods for the sourcing of archaeological maize: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 35, no. 4, p. 912-921, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2007.06.018.","startPage":"912","endPage":"921","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214937,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2007.06.018"},{"id":242698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0022e4b0c8380cd4f5e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, K.A.","contributorId":65344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shattuck, B.D.","contributorId":20226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shattuck","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramotnik, C.A.","contributorId":23896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramotnik","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stein, J.R.","contributorId":60029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032111,"text":"70032111 - 2008 - Reproductive ecology of Actinonaias ligamentina (Bivalvia:Unionidae) in a regulated river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70032111","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive ecology of Actinonaias ligamentina (Bivalvia:Unionidae) in a regulated river","docAbstract":"Factors affecting the reproductive success of freshwater mussels in lotic systems are poorly understood. Gravidity, fecundity, and fertilization success of Actinonaias ligamentina were examined at 4 sites along a 63-km reach of the Green River immediately below the Green River Dam, Kentucky. No gravid females were collected at the site closest to the dam, and the percentage of gravid females at downstream sites ranged from 20 to 36%. Not all females became gravid, despite the presence of early stages of ova in the gonadal fluid. This observation suggests that female A. ligamentina undergo a resting stage and, therefore, might not become gravid every year. Fecundity differed among sites and increased with distance from the dam. Fertilization rates ranged from 32 to 97% among sites and increased with distance from the dam. Fertilization rate was independent of local mussel density and position in the mussel bed. The high fertilization rates observed in the upstream portions of mussel beds indicate that freshwater mussel sperm have the ability to travel to distant females in lotic systems. Therefore, females are not necessarily dependent upon nearby males for fertilization. Successful fertilization of A. ligamentina at low mussel densities in the Green River suggests that natural recovery of rare endangered species might be possible if host fish and suitable conditions for juvenile survival and growth are present. ?? 2008 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/07-006.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Moles, K., and Layzer, J., 2008, Reproductive ecology of Actinonaias ligamentina (Bivalvia:Unionidae) in a regulated river: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 27, no. 1, p. 212-222, https://doi.org/10.1899/07-006.1.","startPage":"212","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215062,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/07-006.1"},{"id":242831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8cbe4b0c8380cd85a9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moles, K.R.","contributorId":62850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moles","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Layzer, J.B.","contributorId":53878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layzer","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032045,"text":"70032045 - 2008 - Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:08:54","indexId":"70032045","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rainfall samples were collected during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at four agricultural locales across the USA in Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, and California. The samples were analyzed for 21 insecticides, 18 herbicides, three fungicides, and 40 pesticide degradates. Data from all sites combined show that 7 of the 10 most frequently detected pesticides were herbicides, with atrazine (70%) and metolachlor (83%) detected at every site. Dacthal, acetochlor, simazine, alachlor, and pendimethalin were detected in more than 50% of the samples. Chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and diazinon were the only insecticides among the 10 most frequently detected compounds. Of the remaining pesticide parent compounds, 18 were detected in fewer than 30% of the samples, and 13 were not detected. The most frequently detected degradates were deethylatrazine; the oxygen analogs (OAs) of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and malathion; and 1-napthol (degradate of carbaryl). Deethylatrazine was detected in nearly 70% of the samples collected in Maryland, Indiana, and Nebraska but was detected only once in California. The OAs of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were detected primarily in California. Degradates of the acetanilide herbicides were rarely detected in rain, indicating that they are not formed in the atmosphere or readily volatilized from soils. Herbicides accounted for 91 to 98% of the total pesticide mass deposited by rain except in California, where insecticides accounted for 61% in 2004. The mass of pesticides deposited by rainfall was estimated to be less than 2% of the total applied in these agricultural areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2007.0079","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Vogel, J.R., Majewski, M.S., and Capel, P.D., 2008, Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1101-1115, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0079.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1115","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214621,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0079"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7758e4b0c8380cd7848e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogel, Jason R.","contributorId":82006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Majewski, Michael S. majewski@usgs.gov","contributorId":440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewski","given":"Michael","email":"majewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032854,"text":"70032854 - 2008 - Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":80161,"text":"ofr20071016 - 2007 - Oregon Spotted Frog (Rana pretiosa) movement and demography at Dilman Meadow: Implications for future monitoring","indexId":"ofr20071016","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Oregon Spotted Frog (Rana pretiosa) movement and demography at Dilman Meadow: Implications for future monitoring"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70032854,"text":"70032854 - 2008 - Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender","indexId":"70032854","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T11:40:39","indexId":"70032854","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender","docAbstract":"We used five years of recapture data and Bayesian estimation to assess seasonal survival, movement, and growth of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa) relocated into created ponds at Dilman Meadow in Oregon, USA. We evaluate hypotheses specific to the relocation and elucidate aspects of R. pretiosa life history that are poorly known. The odds of survival of relocated individuals during the first year following relocation were 0.36 times the survival odds of relocated and non-relocated frogs after one year since the relocation. Survival rate was higher for large frogs. After accounting for frog size, we found little variation in survival between ponds at Dilman Meadow. Survival was lowest for males during the breeding/post-breeding redistribution period, suggesting a high cost of breeding for males. The highest survival rates occurred during winter for both genders, and one small spring was used heavily during winter but was used rarely during the rest of the year. Individual growth was higher in ponds that were not used for breeding, and increased with increasing pond age. Our study supports other evidence that R. pretiosa use different habitats seasonally and are specific in their overwintering habitat requirements. Because frogs were concentrated during winter, predator-free overwintering springs are likely to be of particular value for R. pretiosa populations. ?? 2008 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1643/CH-07-142","issn":"00458","usgsCitation":"Chelgren, N., Pearl, C., Adams, M., and Bowerman, J., 2008, Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender: Copeia, no. 4, p. 742-751, https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-07-142.","startPage":"742","endPage":"751","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213653,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CH-07-142"}],"issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe88e4b0c8380cd4ed9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chelgren, N.D. 0000-0003-0944-9165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-9165","contributorId":13387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chelgren","given":"N.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearl, C.A. 0000-0003-2943-7321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":30732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, M.J. 0000-0001-8844-042X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":30183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowerman, J.","contributorId":94824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowerman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032032,"text":"70032032 - 2008 - Paired charcoal and tree-ring records of high-frequency Holocene fire from two New Mexico bog sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T09:34:24","indexId":"70032032","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paired charcoal and tree-ring records of high-frequency Holocene fire from two New Mexico bog sites","docAbstract":"Two primary methods for reconstructing paleofire occurrence include dendrochronological dating of fire scars and stand ages from live or dead trees (extending back centuries into the past) and sedimentary records of charcoal particles from lakes and bogs, providing perspectives on fire history that can extend back for many thousands of years. Studies using both proxies have become more common in regions where lakes are present and fire frequencies are low, but are rare where high-frequency surface fires dominate and sedimentary deposits are primarily bogs and wetlands. Here we investigate sedimentary and fire-scar records of fire in two small watersheds in northern New Mexico, in settings recently characterised by relatively high-frequency fire where bogs and wetlands (Chihuahuen??os Bog and Alamo Bog) are more common than lakes. Our research demonstrates that: (1) essential features of the sedimentary charcoal record can be reproduced between multiple cores within a bog deposit; (2) evidence from both fire-scarred trees and charcoal deposits documents an anomalous lack of fire since ???1900, compared with the remainder of the Holocene; (3) sedimentary charcoal records probably underestimate the recurrence of fire events at these high-frequency fire sites; and (4) the sedimentary records from these bogs are complicated by factors such as burning and oxidation of these organic deposits, diversity of vegetation patterns within watersheds, and potential bioturbation by ungulates. We consider a suite of particular challenges in developing and interpreting fire histories from bog and wetland settings in the Southwest. The identification of these issues and constraints with interpretation of sedimentary charcoal fire records does not diminish their essential utility in assessing millennial-scale patterns of fire activity in this dry part of North America. ?? IAWF 2008.","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WF07165","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., Anderson, R., Jass, R., Toney, J., and Baisan, C., 2008, Paired charcoal and tree-ring records of high-frequency Holocene fire from two New Mexico bog sites: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 17, no. 1, p. 115-130, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07165.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a739ce4b0c8380cd77142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7034,"text":"School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability at Northern Arizona University, in Flagstaff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":434232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jass, R.B.","contributorId":58111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jass","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Toney, J.L.","contributorId":57281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toney","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baisan, C.H.","contributorId":51559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baisan","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70010004,"text":"70010004 - 2008 - Temporal trends in nitrate and selected pesticides in mid-atlantic ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:22","indexId":"70010004","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Temporal trends in nitrate and selected pesticides in mid-atlantic ground water","docAbstract":"Evaluating long-term temporal trends in regional ground-water quality is complicated by variable hydrogeologic conditions and typically slow flow, and such trends have rarely been directly measured. Ground-water samples were collected over near-decadal and annual intervals from unconfined aquifers in agricultural areas of the Mid-Atlantic region, including fractured carbonate rocks in the Great Valley, Potomac River Basin, and unconsolidated sediments on the Delmarva Peninsula. Concentrations of nitrate and selected pesticides and degradates were compared among sampling events and to apparent recharge dates. Observed temporal trends are related to changes in land use and chemical applications, and to hydrogeology and climate. Insignificant differences in nitrate concentrations in the Great Valley between 1993 and 2002 are consistent with relatively steady fertilizer application during respective recharge periods and are likely related to drought conditions in the later sampling period. Detecting trends in Great Valley ground water is complicated by long open boreholes characteristic of wells sampled in this setting which facilitate significant ground-water mixing. Decreasing atrazine and prometon concentrations, however, reflect reported changes in usage. On the Delmarva Peninsula between 1988 and 2001, median nitrate concentrations increased 2 mg per liter in aerobic ground water, reflecting increasing fertilizer applications. Correlations between selected pesticide compounds and apparent recharge date are similarly related to changing land use and chemical application. Observed trends in the two settings demonstrate the importance of considering hydrogeology and recharge date along with, changing land and chemical uses when interpreting trends in regional ground-water quality. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2007.0664","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Debrewer, L., Ator, S., and Denver, J.M., 2008, Temporal trends in nitrate and selected pesticides in mid-atlantic ground water, <i>in</i> Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. SUPPL. 5, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0664.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204897,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0664"},{"id":218925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"SUPPL. 5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba51ee4b08c986b320809","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Debrewer, L.M.","contributorId":30747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debrewer","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, S.W. 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":104100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denver, J. M.","contributorId":100356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010031,"text":"70010031 - 2008 - At-sea distribution of radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured on the California Channel Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T16:36:52","indexId":"70010031","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At-sea distribution of radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured on the California Channel Islands","docAbstract":"Small, rare and wide-ranging pelagic birds are difficult to locate and observe at sea; little is therefore known regarding individual movements and habitat affinities among many of the world's storm-petrels (Family Hydrobatidae). We re-located 57 of 70 radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured at three colonies in the California Channel Islands: Scorpion Rocks (2004, 2005), Santa Barbara Island (2004) and Prince Island (2005). Between 23 July and 22 September 2004, and 5 July and 4 August 2005, we flew 29 telemetry surveys, covered more than 65 000 km2 (2004) and 43 000 km2 (2005) of open ocean from San Nicolas Island north to the Farallon Islands and obtained 215 locations from 57 storm-petrels at sea. In both years, radio-marked storm-petrels were aggregated over the continental slope from Point Conception to Point Buchon, within the western Santa Barbara Channel, and over the Santa Cruz Basin between Santa Cruz, San Nicolas and Santa Barbara islands. Individuals captured in the Channel Islands ranged more than 600 km and were located as far north as Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary. This is the first study to use radiotelemetry to determine the at-sea distribution and movements for any storm-petrel species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Adams, J., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2008, At-sea distribution of radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured on the California Channel Islands: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 36, no. 1, p. 9-17.","startPage":"9","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee9ce4b0c8380cd49e72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, J.","contributorId":45240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":357733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032777,"text":"70032777 - 2008 - Recent extreme avalanches: Triggered by climate change?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T17:03:24","indexId":"70032777","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent extreme avalanches: Triggered by climate change?","docAbstract":"<p>On 25 September 2008, seismo meters operated by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) registered strong ground shaking. On the basis of previous experience with such large seismic signals, AVO personnel were able to rapidly identify the seismic event as an avalanche. Two days later, an AVO overflight of Iliamna volcano, near Alaska's Cook Inlet, confirmed that a massive chunk of glacial ice and rock had broken free from its position on the upper flanks of the volcano, generating a massive avalanche that could have buried an entire town had it occurred in a more populated area.</p><p>Rapidly moving rock, ice, or debris avalanches, such as the one that occurred on Iliamna, can be highly destructive and deadly. Similar events have caused the deaths of hundreds to thousands of people [<i>Keefer and Larsen,</i><span>&nbsp;</span>2007]. In general, avalanches that move more than 1 million cubic meters of material are rare. However, a remarkable series of large avalanches recently occurred in Alaska and the Caucasus, providing a new opportunity to better understand this type of hazard. All events initiated in steep mountain slopes, involved rock and significant amounts of ice, and traveled for 10–35 kilometers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008EO470001","issn":"00963","usgsCitation":"Huggel, C., Caplan-Auerbach, J., and Wessels, R., 2008, Recent extreme avalanches: Triggered by climate change?: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 89, no. 47, p. 469-470, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008EO470001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"470","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487703,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008eo470001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214017,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008EO470001"},{"id":241702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9618e4b0c8380cd81dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huggel, C.","contributorId":89347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, J.","contributorId":7057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wessels, Rick 0000-0001-9711-6402 rwessels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-6402","contributorId":198602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"Rick","email":"rwessels@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031999,"text":"70031999 - 2008 - The 8 October 2006 Md 4.5 Cowlitz chimneys earthquake in Mount Rainier National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-20T08:11:51","indexId":"70031999","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 8 October 2006 Md 4.5 Cowlitz chimneys earthquake in Mount Rainier National Park","docAbstract":"<p>An<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>d</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>4.5 earthquake located ∼12 km east of Mount Rainier occurred on 8 October 2006 at 02:48 UTC (<a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"FIG1\">figure 1</a>). Although not large enough to be damaging or of major tectonic significance, a summary description of the earthquake is warranted because of its proximity to Mount Rainier, and because earthquakes of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>d</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>≥ 4.5 are relatively rare in this region. Previous events of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>d</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>≥ 4.5 have occurred approximately once a decade within a radius of ∼60 km from this mainshock, with the closest and most recent prior earthquake being an<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>d</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>4.9 event located 46 km to the southwest in 1989. Magnitudes in this paper refer to the coda duration magnitude determined by the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network (PNSN) (<a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"ref2\">Crosson 1972</a>). We refer to the 2006 event as the “Cowlitz Chimneys” earthquake because it occurred beneath the Cowlitz Chimneys, a prominent ridge in Mount Rainier National Park.</p><p>This paper describes the mainshock's focal mechanism and its aftershock distribution. The inferred source mechanism, its ordinary aftershock sequence, and the lack of significant triggered seismicity near the volcanic edifice lead us to conclude that this was a regular tectonic crustal earthquake rather than one related to volcanic processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.79.2.186","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Hartog, J.R., Gomberg, J.S., Moran, S.C., Wright, A.K., and Meagher, K.L., 2008, The 8 October 2006 Md 4.5 Cowlitz chimneys earthquake in Mount Rainier National Park: Seismological Research Letters, v. 79, no. 2, p. 186-193, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.79.2.186.","startPage":"186","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.79.2.186"}],"volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba658e4b08c986b32108b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartog, J. Renate","contributorId":171724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartog","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Renate","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Amy K.","contributorId":20632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meagher, Karen L.","contributorId":49436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meagher","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":759556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032740,"text":"70032740 - 2008 - Predators of Greater Sage-Grouse nests identified by video monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032740","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predators of Greater Sage-Grouse nests identified by video monitoring","docAbstract":"Nest predation is the primary cause of nest failure for Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), but the identity of their nest predators is often uncertain. Confirming the identity of these predators may be useful in enhancing management strategies designed to increase nest success. From 2002 to 2005, we monitored 87 Greater Sage-Grouse nests (camera, N = 55; no camera, N = 32) in northeastern Nevada and south-central Idaho and identified predators at 17 nests, with Common Ravens (Corvus corax) preying on eggs at 10 nests and American badgers (Taxidea taxis) at seven. Rodents were frequently observed at grouse nests, but did not prey on grouse eggs. Because sign left by ravens and badgers was often indistinguishable following nest predation, identifying nest predators based on egg removal, the presence of egg shells, or other sign was not possible. Most predation occurred when females were on nests. Active nest defense by grouse was rare and always unsuccessful. Continuous video monitoring of Sage-Grouse nests permitted unambiguous identification of nest predators. Additional monitoring studies could help improve our understanding of the causes of Sage-Grouse nest failure in the face of land-use changes in the Intermountain West. ?? 2008 Association of Field Ornithologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2008.00189.x","issn":"02738","usgsCitation":"Coates, P., Connelly, J., and Delehanty, D., 2008, Predators of Greater Sage-Grouse nests identified by video monitoring: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 79, no. 4, p. 421-428, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2008.00189.x.","startPage":"421","endPage":"428","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2008.00189.x"},{"id":241698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a817be4b0c8380cd7b55a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, P.S.","contributorId":56047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connelly, J.W.","contributorId":17737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connelly","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delehanty, D.J.","contributorId":105923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delehanty","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032684,"text":"70032684 - 2008 - Does urbanization influence the spatial ecology of Gila monsters in the Sonoran Desert?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:38:42","indexId":"70032684","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does urbanization influence the spatial ecology of Gila monsters in the Sonoran Desert?","docAbstract":"<p><span>To assess whether urbanization influences the spatial ecology of a rare and protected venomous reptilian predator, the Gila monster </span><i>Heloderma suspectum</i><span>, we compared home range (HR) size and movement parameters at three sites varying in degree of urbanization in the Sonoran Desert. We predicted that the urban population of </span><i>H. suspectum</i><span> would exhibit smaller HRs, avoid human structures and show less movement. Multivariate analysis indicated that males generally exhibited larger HRs and had higher movement rates and activity levels than females at all three sites. Contrary to our predictions, however, HR size and movement parameters did not vary across the sites in relation to the level of urbanization. At the urban site, individuals often crossed narrow roads and regularly used artificial structures as refuges for extended periods. Furthermore, the population sex ratio at the urban site was female-biased, consistent with the expectation that occupation of larger HRs and higher movement rates results in higher mortality for males in urbanized areas. Gila monsters did not appear to alter certain aspects of their spatial ecology in response to low levels of human activity but additional work will be required to assess population viability and possible effects in the long term and with higher levels of urbanization.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00495.x","issn":"09528","usgsCitation":"Kwiatkowski, M., Schuett, G., Repp, R., Nowak, E., and Sullivan, B., 2008, Does urbanization influence the spatial ecology of Gila monsters in the Sonoran Desert?: Journal of Zoology, v. 276, no. 4, p. 350-357, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00495.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"350","endPage":"357","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Phoenix","otherGeospatial":"Suizo Mountains, Tonto National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.76318359375,\n              32.47269502206151\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47753906249999,\n              32.80574473290688\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5654296875,\n              33.04550781490999\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63134765625001,\n              33.358061612778876\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3896484375,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.76318359375,\n              32.47269502206151\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"276","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a039be4b0c8380cd5057d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kwiatkowski, M.A.","contributorId":70606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwiatkowski","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuett, G.W.","contributorId":94111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuett","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repp, R.A.","contributorId":177224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Repp","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nowak, E.M.","contributorId":65675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullivan, B.K.","contributorId":100163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031937,"text":"70031937 - 2008 - Rainfall effects on rare annual plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T11:05:08","indexId":"70031937","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rainfall effects on rare annual plants","docAbstract":"<ol><li>Variation in climate is predicted to increase over much of the planet this century. Forecasting species persistence with climate change thus requires understanding of how populations respond to climate variability, and the mechanisms underlying this response. Variable rainfall is well known to drive fluctuations in annual plant populations, yet the degree to which population response is driven by between-year variation in germination cueing, water limitation or competitive suppression is poorly understood.</li><li>We used demographic monitoring and population models to examine how three seed banking, rare annual plants of the California Channel Islands respond to natural variation in precipitation and their competitive environments. Island plants are particularly threatened by climate change because their current ranges are unlikely to overlap regions that are climatically favourable in the future.</li><li>Species showed 9 to 100-fold between-year variation in plant density over the 5–12 years of censusing, including a severe drought and a wet El Niño year. During the drought, population sizes were low for all species. However, even in non-drought years, population sizes and per capita growth rates showed considerable temporal variation, variation that was uncorrelated with total rainfall. These population fluctuations were instead correlated with the temperature after the first major storm event of the season, a germination cue for annual plants.</li><li>Temporal variation in the density of the focal species was uncorrelated with the total vegetative cover in the surrounding community, suggesting that variation in competitive environments does not strongly determine population fluctuations. At the same time, the uncorrelated responses of the focal species and their competitors to environmental variation may favour persistence via the storage effect.</li><li>Population growth rate analyses suggested differential endangerment of the focal annuals. Elasticity analyses and life table response experiments indicated that variation in germination has the same potential as the seeds produced per germinant to drive variation in population growth rates, but only the former was clearly related to rainfall.</li><li><i>Synthesis</i>. Our work suggests that future changes in the timing and temperatures associated with the first major rains, acting through germination, may more strongly affect population persistence than changes in season-long rainfall.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x","issn":"00220477","usgsCitation":"Levine, J., McEachern, A.K., and Cowan, C., 2008, Rainfall effects on rare annual plants: Journal of Ecology, v. 96, no. 4, p. 795-806, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"795","endPage":"806","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476770,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215023,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a945ce4b0c8380cd8136c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levine, J.M.","contributorId":77748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEachern, A. K.","contributorId":29777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cowan, C.","contributorId":46777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031906,"text":"70031906 - 2008 - Terrace aggradation during the 1978 flood on Powder River, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031906","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrace aggradation during the 1978 flood on Powder River, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"Flood processes no longer actively increase the planform area of terraces. Instead, lateral erosion decreases the area. However, infrequent extreme floods continue episodic aggradation of terraces surfaces. We quantify this type of evolution of terraces by an extreme flood in May 1978 on Powder River in southeastern Montana. Within an 89-km study reach of the river, we (1) determine a sediment budget for each geomorphic feature, (2) interpret the stratigraphy of the newly deposited sediment, and (3) discuss the essential role of vegetation in the depositional processes. Peak flood discharge was about 930??m3 s- 1, which lasted about eight??days. During this time, the flood transported 8.2??million tons of sediment into and 4.5??million tons out of the study reach. The masses of sediment transferred between features or eroded from one feature and redeposited on the same feature exceeded the mass transported out of the reach. The flood inundated the floodplain and some of the remnants of two terraces along the river. Lateral erosion decreased the planform area of the lower of the two terraces (~ 2.7??m above the riverbed) by 3.2% and that of the higher terrace (~ 3.5??m above the riverbed) by 4.1%. However, overbank aggradation, on average, raised the lower terrace by 0.16??m and the higher terrace by 0.063??m. Vegetation controlled the type, thickness, and stratigraphy of the aggradation on terrace surfaces. Two characteristic overbank deposits were common: coarsening-upward sequences and lee dunes. Grass caused the deposition of the coarsening-upward sequences, which had 0.02 to 0.07??m of mud at the base, and in some cases, the deposits coarsened upwards to coarse sand on the top. Lee dunes, composed of fine and very fine sand, were deposited in the wake zone downstream from the trees. The characteristic morphology of the dunes can be used to estimate some flood variables such as suspended-sediment particle size, minimum depth, and critical shear velocity. Information about depositional processes during extreme floods is rare, and therefore, the results from this study aid in interpreting the record of terrace stratigraphy along other rivers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.12.002","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Meade, R., 2008, Terrace aggradation during the 1978 flood on Powder River, Montana, USA: Geomorphology, v. 99, no. 1-4, p. 387-403, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.12.002.","startPage":"387","endPage":"403","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215022,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.12.002"},{"id":242787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba54ee4b08c986b320969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meade, R.H.","contributorId":27449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meade","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032338,"text":"70032338 - 2008 - Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70032338","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.","docAbstract":"Many organisms are patchily distributed, with some patches occupied at high density, others at lower densities, and others not occupied. Estimation of overall abundance can be difficult and is inefficient via intensive approaches such as capture-mark-recapture (CMR) or distance sampling. We propose a two-phase sampling scheme and model in a Bayesian framework to estimate abundance for patchily distributed populations. In the first phase, occupancy is estimated by binomial detection samples taken on all selected sites, where selection may be of all sites available, or a random sample of sites. Detection can be by visual surveys, detection of sign, physical captures, or other approach. At the second phase, if a detection threshold is achieved, CMR or other intensive sampling is conducted via standard procedures (grids or webs) to estimate abundance. Detection and CMR data are then used in a joint likelihood to model probability of detection in the occupancy sample via an abundance-detection model. CMR modeling is used to estimate abundance for the abundance-detection relationship, which in turn is used to predict abundance at the remaining sites, where only detection data are collected. We present a full Bayesian modeling treatment of this problem, in which posterior inference on abundance and other parameters (detection, capture probability) is obtained under a variety of assumptions about spatial and individual sources of heterogeneity. We apply the approach to abundance estimation for two species of voles (Microtus spp.) in Montana, USA. We also use a simulation study to evaluate the frequentist properties of our procedure given known patterns in abundance and detection among sites as well as design criteria. For most population characteristics and designs considered, bias and mean-square error (MSE) were low, and coverage of true parameter values by Bayesian credibility intervals was near nominal. Our two-phase, adaptive approach allows efficient estimation of abundance of rare and patchily distributed species and is particularly appropriate when sampling in all patches is impossible, but a global estimate of abundance is required.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/07-2145.1","issn":"00129","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., Runge, J., Barker, R.J., Schofield, M., and Fonnesbeck, C., 2008, Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.: Ecology, v. 89, no. 12, p. 3362-3370, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-2145.1.","startPage":"3362","endPage":"3370","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215075,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-2145.1"},{"id":242846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0867e4b0c8380cd51ae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, J.P.","contributorId":57180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, R. J.","contributorId":34222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schofield, M.R.","contributorId":106334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, C.J.","contributorId":41381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031828,"text":"70031828 - 2008 - Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the otindag dune field and holocene climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70031828","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3350,"text":"Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the otindag dune field and holocene climate change","docAbstract":"The dune system in Otindag sand field of northern China is sensitive to climate change, where effective moisture and related vegetation cover play a controlling role for dune activity and stability. Therefore, aeolian deposits may be an archive of past environmental changes, possibly at the millennial scale, but previous studies on this topic have rarely been reported. In this study, thirty-five optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of ten representative sand-paleosol profiles in Otindag sand field are obtained, and these ages provide a relatively complete and well-dated chronology for wet and dry variations in Holocene. The results indicate that widespread dune mobilization occurred from 9.9 to 8.2 ka, suggesting a dry early Holocene climate. The dunes were mainly stabilized between 8.0 and 2.7 ka, implying a relatively wet climate, although there were short-term penetrations of dune activity during this wet period. After ???2.3 ka, the region became dry again, as inferred from widespread dune activity. The \"8.2 ka\" cold event and the Little Ice Age climatic deterioration are detected on the basis of the dune records and OSL ages. During the Medieval Warm Period and the Sui-Tang Warm Period (570-770 AD), climate in Otindag sand field was relatively humid and the vegetation was denser, and the sand dunes were stabilized again. These aeolian records may indicate climate changes at millennial time scale during Holocene, and these climatic changes may be the teleconnection to the climate changes elsewhere in the world. ?? Science in China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11430-008-0057-9","issn":"10069313","usgsCitation":"Zhou, Y., Lu, H., Mason, J., Miao, X., Swinehart, J., and Goble, R., 2008, Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the otindag dune field and holocene climate change: Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences, v. 51, no. 6, p. 837-847, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-008-0057-9.","startPage":"837","endPage":"847","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214919,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-008-0057-9"},{"id":242679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6edae4b0c8380cd75829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, Y.L.","contributorId":97723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Y.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, H.Y.","contributorId":11023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"H.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, J.","contributorId":79320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miao, X.D.","contributorId":58114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miao","given":"X.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swinehart, J.","contributorId":106331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swinehart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goble, R.","contributorId":40441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goble","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035375,"text":"70035375 - 2008 - Late Neogene marine incursions and the ancestral Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035375","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Late Neogene marine incursions and the ancestral Gulf of California","docAbstract":"The late Neogene section in the Salton Trough, California, and along the lower Colorado River in Arizona is composed of marine units bracketed by nonmarine units. Microfossils from the marine deposits indicate that a marine incursion inundated the Salton Trough during the late Miocene. Water depths increased rapidly in the Miocene and eventually flooded the region now occupied by the Colorado River as far north as Parker, Arizona. Marine conditions were restricted in the Pliocene as the Colorado River filled the Salton Trough with sediments and the Gulf of California assumed its present configuration. Microfossils from the early part of this incursion include a diverse assemblage of benthic foraminifers (Amphistegina gibbosa, Uvigerina peregrina, Cassidulina delicata, and Bolivina interjuncta), planktic foraminifers (Globigerinoides obliquus, G. extremus, and Globigerina nepenthes), and calcareous nannoplankton (Discoaster brouweri, Discoaster aff. Discoaster surculus, Sphenolithus abies, and S. neoabies), whereas microfossils in the final phase contain a less diverse assemblage of benthic foraminifers that are diagnostic of marginal shallow-marine conditions (Ammonia, Elphidium, Bolivina, Cibicides, and Quinqueloculina). Evidence of an earlier middle Miocene marine incursion comes from reworked microfossils found near Split Mountain Gorge in the Fish Creek Gypsum (Sphenolithus moriformis) and near San Gorgonio Pass (Cyclicargolithus floridanus and Sphenolithus heteromorphus and planktic foraminifers). The middle Miocene incursion may also be represented by the older marine sedimentary rocks encountered in the subsurface near Yuma, Arizona, where rare middle Miocene planktic foraminifers are found. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(16)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"McDougall, K., 2008, Late Neogene marine incursions and the ancestral Gulf of California, <i>in</i> Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 439, p. 355-373, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(16).","startPage":"355","endPage":"373","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215345,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(16)"},{"id":243140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44fae4b0c8380cd66f38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDougall, K.","contributorId":106260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031792,"text":"70031792 - 2008 - Quaternary paleoceanography of the central Arctic based on Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Arctic Coring Expedition 302 foraminiferal assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031792","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary paleoceanography of the central Arctic based on Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Arctic Coring Expedition 302 foraminiferal assemblages","docAbstract":"The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) Hole 4C from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean recovered a continuous 18 in record of Quaternary foraminifera yielding evidence for seasonally ice-free interglacials during the Matuyama, progressive development of large glacials during the mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) ???1.2-0.9 Ma, and the onset of high-amplitude 100-ka orbital cycles ???500 ka. Foraminiferal preservation in sediments from the Arctic is influenced by primary (sea ice, organic input, and other environmental conditions) and secondary factors (syndepositional, long-term pore water dissolution). Taking these into account, the ACEX 4C record shows distinct maxima in agglutinated foraminiferal abundance corresponding to several interglacials and deglacials between marine isotope stages (MIS) 13-37, and although less precise dating is available for older sediments, these trends appear to continue through the Matuyama. The MPT is characterized by nearly barren intervals during major glacials (MIS 12, 16, and 22-24) and faunal turnover (MIS 12-24). Abundant calcareous planktonic (mainly Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sin.) and benthic foraminifers occur mainly in interglacial intervals during the Brunhes and very rarely in the Matuyama. A distinct faunal transition from calcareous to agglutinated foraminifers 200-300 ka in ACEX 4C is comparable to that found in Arctic sediments from the Lomonosov, Alpha, and Northwind ridges and the Morris Jesup Rise. Down-core disappearance of calcareous taxa is probably related to either reduced sea ice cover prior to the last few 100-ka cycles, pore water dissolution, or both. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleoceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007PA001484","issn":"08838305","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Smith, S., Eynaud, F., O’Regan, M., and King, J., 2008, Quaternary paleoceanography of the central Arctic based on Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Arctic Coring Expedition 302 foraminiferal assemblages: Paleoceanography, v. 23, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001484.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476862,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007pa001484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212519,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001484"},{"id":240014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a92d3e4b0c8380cd80a8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S.A.","contributorId":72930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eynaud, F.","contributorId":42425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eynaud","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Regan, M.","contributorId":38361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Regan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, J.","contributorId":100143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031784,"text":"70031784 - 2008 - A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031784","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants","docAbstract":"The Hawaiian Drosophilidae is one of the best examples of rapid speciation in nature. Nearly 1,000 species of endemic drosophilids have evolved in situ in Hawaii since a single colonist arrived over 25 million years ago. A number of mechanisms, including ecological adaptation, sexual selection, and geographic isolation, have been proposed to explain the evolution of this hyperdiverse group of species. Here, we examine the known ecological associations of 326 species of endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae in light of the phylogenetic relationships of these species. Our analysis suggests that the long-accepted belief of strict ecological specialization in this group does not hold for all taxa. While many species have a primary host plant family, females will also oviposit on non-preferred host plant taxa. Host shifting is fairly common in some groups, especially the grimshawi and modified mouthparts species groups of Drosophila, and the Scaptomyza subgenus Elmomyza. Associations with types of substrates (bark, leaves, flowers) are more evolutionarily conserved than associations with host plant families. These data not only give us insight into the role ecology has played in the evolution of this large group, but can help in making decisions about the management of rare and endangered host plants and the insects that rely upon them for survival. Copyright ?? 2008 Magnolia Press.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zootaxa","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"11755326","usgsCitation":"Magnacca, K., Foote, D., and O’Grady, P.M., 2008, A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants: Zootaxa, no. 1728, p. 1-58.","startPage":"1","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1728","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e559e4b0c8380cd46cdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magnacca, K.N.","contributorId":103872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnacca","given":"K.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foote, D.","contributorId":94823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Grady, P. M.","contributorId":53601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Grady","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031765,"text":"70031765 - 2008 - Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T10:00:09","indexId":"70031765","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Water-table elevation measurements and aquifer parameter estimates are rare in alpine settings because few wells exist in these environments. Alpine groundwater systems may be a primary source of recharge to regional groundwater flow systems. Handcart Gulch is an alpine watershed in Colorado, USA comprised of highly fractured Proterozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks with wells completed to various depths. Primary study objectives include determining hydrologic properties of shallow bedrock and surficial materials, developing a watershed water budget, and testing the consistency of measured hydrologic properties and water budget by constructing a simple model incorporating groundwater and surface water for water year 2005. Water enters the study area as precipitation and exits as discharge in the trunk stream or potential recharge for the deeper aquifer. Surficial infiltration rates ranged from 0.1-6.2??0-5 m/s. Discharge was estimated at 1.28??10-3 km3. Numerical modeling analysis of single-well aquifer tests predicted lower specific storage in crystalline bedrock than in ferricrete and colluvial material (6.7??10-5-2.10??0-3 l/m). Hydraulic conductivity in crystalline bedrock was significantly lower than in colluvial and alluvial material (4.3??10-9 -2.0??10-4 m/s). Water budget results suggest that during normal precipitation and temperatures water is available to recharge the deeper groundwater flow system. ?? Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Kahn, K., Ge, S., Caine, J.S., and Manning, A., 2008, Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 16, no. 1, p. 103-121, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6.","startPage":"103","endPage":"121","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212580,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e7e4b0c8380cd4bfbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kahn, Katherine G.","contributorId":174149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahn","given":"Katherine G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ge, Shemin","contributorId":37366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Shemin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manning, A.","contributorId":73824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}