Contamination from acid mine drainage affects ecosystems and usability of groundwater for domestic and municipal purposes. The Captain Jack Superfund Site outside of Ward, Boulder County, Colorado, USA, hosts a draining mine adit that was remediated through emplacement of a hydraulic bulkhead to preclude acid mine drainage from entering nearby Lefthand Creek. During impoundment of water within the mine workings in 2020, a diverse and novel dataset of stable isotopes of water, sulfate, and carbon (δ2H, δ18OH2O, δ18OSO4, δ34S, δ13CDIC), rare earth elements, and environmental tracers (noble gases and tritium) were collected to understand groundwater recharge and mixing, mechanisms of sulfide oxidation and water-rock interaction, and the influence of remediation on the hydrologic and geochemical system. Water isotopes indicate that groundwater distal from the mine workings has seasonally variable recharge sources whereas water within the workings has a distinctive composition with minimal temporal variability. Sulfate isotopes indicate that sulfide oxidation occurs both within the mine workings and in adjacent igneous dikes, and that sulfide oxidation may occur under suboxic conditions with ferric iron as the oxidant. Carbon isotopes track the neutralization of acidic waters and the carbon mass budget of the system. Rare earth elements corroborate stable isotopes in indicating groundwater compartmentalization, and additionally illustrate enhanced mineral weathering in the mine workings. Environmental tracers indicate mixing of modern and pre-modern groundwater and inform timelines that active remediation may be needed. Together these datasets provide a useful template for similar investigations of abandoned mine sites where physical mixing processes, sources of solute loading, or remediation timeframes are of importance.
Floodplains provide critical ecosystem services to people by regulating floodwaters and retaining sediments and nutrients. Geospatial analyses, field data collection, and modeling were integrated to quantify a portfolio of services that floodplains provide to downstream communities within the Chesapeake Bay and Delaware River watersheds. The portfolio of services included floodplain sediment and nutrient retention and flood regulation. Sediment and nutrient retention were quantified and valued for all non-tidal wadable streams in the Chesapeake Bay and Delaware River watersheds. Predicted nitrogen fluxes from measurements of streambanks and floodplain geomorphic changes were summarized at various scales (river basin, state, and county) and valued using a benefits transfer approach. Floodplain flood regulation services were assessed through a pilot study focused on the Schuylkill River watershed in the Delaware River watershed. Geospatial analysis and published flood frequency estimates were used to assess baseline and counterfactual (i.e., floodplain storage removed) scenarios. Flood regulation was valued using the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Hazus model to compare differences in structural damage to private residences under baseline and counterfactual scenarios. The estimated value of floodplain sediment and nutrient retention was \\$223 million United States dollars (USD) per year in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and \\$38 million USD per year in the Delaware River watershed. Sediment and nutrient retention benefits were offset by a streambank erosion cost of \\$123 million and \\$14 million USD annually in the Chesapeake and Delaware watersheds, respectively. In the Schuylkill River watershed floodplain flood regulation was valued at \\$860,000 USD per year, with an additional \\$7.2 million USD annually provided through floodplain sediment and nutrient retention. Together this portfolio of floodplain ecosystem services indicates that floodplains provide substantial benefits to people by trapping nutrients and storing floodwaters.
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Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Claggett, Peter 0000-0002-5335-2857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2857","contributorId":238920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claggett","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ahmed, Labeeb 0000-0003-4524-9611","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-9611","contributorId":303117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Labeeb","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Metes, Marina J. 0000-0002-6797-9837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-9837","contributorId":204835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metes","given":"Marina","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70249538,"text":"70249538 - 2023 - Kesem-Kebena-Dulecha study area, Ethiopia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-16T13:40:31.262798","indexId":"70249538","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-18T07:00:48","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Kesem-Kebena-Dulecha study area, Ethiopia","docAbstract":"In 1988 and 1989, the Paleoanthropological Inventory of Ethiopia (PIE) field expedition discovered numerous localities of prehistoric significance across Ethiopia (WoldeGabriel et al., 1992). One of the regions surveyed by the Inventory team was the Dulecha administrative district (Gabi Rasu), Afar Zone (Fig. 1). The surveyed area (geographic reference: 9.407° N, 40.057° E) includes the watershed vicinity of the Kesem and Kebena Rivers (tributaries of the Awash River) where Plio-Pleistocene outcrops flank the Awash floodplain parallel to the river and west of the Dofan Volcano. The Fentale Vlcano lies SSW of the Kesem-Kebena-Dulecha area, immediately south of where the Main Ethiopian Rift opens into a floodplain, and offset drainages north of the Dulecha River delimit the area on the north. The Kesem-Kebena-Dulecha area was unknown paleoanthropologically prior to the PIE’s fieldwork, which designated localities with KK (Kesem Kebena) and a unique integer for the locality. The PIE named localities from KK 1 to KK 7, ranging in age from Pliocene (KK 1 and KK 2) through later Pleistocene. Localities are identified by the white, numbered circles on Fig. 1. We continue to follow the nomenclature established by the PIE for consistency’s sake. The most significant discovery of the PIE was the Acheulean lithic and faunal assemblages at the KK 6 locality (Table 1). The PIE took several geological samples, and those from the KK 6 area date to c. 1.0 million years ago (Ma), nearly identical in age to the Harreya Pumice Unit of the Daka Member of the Bouri Formation (Gilbert & Asfaw, 2008).
Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are ecologically and culturally important anadromous animals native to the West Coast of the United States. Pacific lamprey populations are in decline, and contaminants may be a contributing factor. Between 2017 and 2021, three life stages of Pacific lamprey and collocated sediment samples were collected in Oregon (larval lamprey, sediment, and returning adult lamprey) and off the coast of Oregon and Washington (ocean juvenile lamprey). Tissue and sediment samples were analyzed for 56 organohalogenated compounds that included legacy pesticides, current use pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners, and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Organohalogenated compounds were detected in all three Pacific lamprey life stages. The organohalogenated compounds detected in collocated sediment and larval lamprey samples were generally dissimilar, and compounds detected in larval lamprey indicate potential point sources along the rivers. Ocean-caught juvenile lamprey had significantly higher lipid contents than returning adult lamprey, but lipid content and concentrations of select compounds were not strongly correlated. Concentrations of select compounds detected in both ocean juvenile and returning adult lamprey were either not significantly different or were higher in returning adult lamprey. Concentrations of some compounds in returning adult lamprey—which are consumed by Indigenous peoples—exceeded state and national human health consumption thresholds. Collaboration among Tribes and public-sector agencies helped make this study successful.
A total of 200,000+ large timbers were transported >75 km to Chaco Canyon, a political and religious center in the precontact U.S. Southwest, using only human power. Previous researchers reported that typical primary roof beams (vigas) of Chacoan Great Houses averaged 0.22 m in diameter and 5 m in length with a mass of 275 kg. However, the 275 kg mass appears to be a miscalculation. Here, we calculate that a ponderosa pine timber of the stated dimensions would have a mass between 85–140 kg depending on the water content. While still a prodigious load, this recalculated mass requires revisions to estimates of the labor, time, and energy required to build Great Houses at Chaco. Based on contemporary measurements on professional load carriers and soldiers, we estimate that as few as two people could have carried an 85 kg timber across 100 km in as few as 21 h of active walking.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/00231940.2022.2102841","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.A., Weiner, R.S., Dean, J., Betancourt, J.L., and Kram, R., 2023, Transporting timbers to Chaco Canyon: How heavy, how many carriers and how far/fast?: Kiva, v. 89, no. 1, p. 78-90, https://doi.org/10.1080/00231940.2022.2102841.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"90","ipdsId":"IP-119250","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, James A.","contributorId":331447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiner, Robert S.","contributorId":331448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":331449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Jeffrey S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kram, Rodger","contributorId":331450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kram","given":"Rodger","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70262031,"text":"70262031 - 2023 - Adult Sea Lamprey approach and passage at the Milford Dam fishway, Penobscot River, Maine, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-10T16:58:37.81057","indexId":"70262031","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":19835,"text":"Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adult Sea Lamprey approach and passage at the Milford Dam fishway, Penobscot River, Maine, United States","docAbstract":"Objective
Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus provide important ecological services within their native range, such as nutrient cycling, and can also act as a prey source for other species. Adult Sea Lamprey must access freshwater rivers to spawn, and because of this they are susceptible to changes in river connectivity. Human-made structures, such as dams, can exclude them from usable habitat. Sea Lamprey dam passage has not been extensively studied in Maine, despite Maine being within the native range of this species. The goals of this study were to evaluate upstream passage efficiency at the Milford Dam on the Penobscot River, Maine, and to provide comprehensive information about adult Sea Lamprey passage at five other dams throughout the Penobscot River watershed.
Methods
In 2020–2021 we captured and tagged 150 Sea Lamprey at the Milford Dam, the lowest dam in the Penobscot River, Maine, and displaced them downstream to assess passage efficiency at this dam and five upstream dams. In 2020, 50 Sea Lamprey were released on the east shore of the river downstream of Milford Dam; in 2021, the east shore release was repeated with an additional 50 fish and another 50 fish were released on the west shore.
Result
Between 70–82% of Sea Lamprey were observed passing Milford Dam again after mean delay times of 9–11 days. The release location did not affect dam passage success or the amount of time that was required to locate and use the passage structures. Sea Lampreys from both release groups were equally likely to approach the entrance to the fishway upon returning to Milford Dam, despite the fishway being located against the eastern shore of the river. However, high flows shortly after release may have resulted in higher attraction to the fishway in 2020. Passage success at dams upstream of Milford was highly variable. All Sea Lamprey were able to successfully navigate past West Enfield Dam (100% passage, n = 63), whereas Brownsmill Dam apparently acted as a complete barrier to further migration (0% passage, n = 7). Fish from all years and release groups together had a median upstream migration distance of 38.8 km after fish had passed Milford Dam, and a maximum observed upstream travel distance of approximately 100 km, indicating that most tagged Sea Lamprey ended their migration in the vicinity of a dam.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that Sea Lamprey have high passage efficiency at the Milford Dam and highlight areas within the Penobscot River basin—such as the Brownsmill Dam—where passage facilities are currently inadequate for Sea Lamprey.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10919","usgsCitation":"Peterson, E., Thors, R., Frechette, D., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2023, Adult Sea Lamprey approach and passage at the Milford Dam fishway, Penobscot River, Maine, United States: Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 4, p. 1052-1065, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10919.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1052","endPage":"1065","ipdsId":"IP-147299","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10919","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":466001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Milford Dam fishway, Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.65399945645208,\n 44.94347505924921\n ],\n [\n -68.65399945645208,\n 44.93937668118309\n ],\n [\n -68.64306273135283,\n 44.93937668118309\n ],\n [\n -68.64306273135283,\n 44.94347505924921\n ],\n [\n -68.65399945645208,\n 44.94347505924921\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Erin","contributorId":347938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thors, Rex","contributorId":347941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thors","given":"Rex","affiliations":[{"id":83269,"text":"Maine Seagrant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frechette, Danielle","contributorId":347942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frechette","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[{"id":68617,"text":"Maine Department of Marine Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":922759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247938,"text":"70247938 - 2023 - Spatial and temporal variation of large wood in a coastal river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T16:37:38.96641","indexId":"70247938","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-17T08:20:10","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variation of large wood in a coastal river","docAbstract":"Large wood (LW) is a critical habitat-forming feature in rivers, but our understanding of its spatial and temporal dynamics remains incomplete due to its historical removal from waterways. Few studies have the necessary spatial and temporal extent and resolution to assess wood dynamics over long time periods or in response to flood disturbance. We used an exceptional dataset from 65 km of a free-flowing coastal river in Oregon, USA, to characterize LW dynamics over a 12-year period (1989–2000). Our objectives were to assess the spatial dynamics of LW over multiple spatial scales and characterize changes in these patterns in response to a major flood in November 1996. Higher LW densities were found in the tributaries, and higher temporal variation of density existed in the main stem. Within years and among reaches, LW density varied by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude across the river. Patterns of LW accumulation across the river were not comparably different when considered at spatial resolutions < 6 km. A large flood in 1996 homogenized the wood distribution across the system, particularly at fine spatial scales (that is, 1.5–0.1 km scales), but considerable heterogeneity was reestablished within 2–3 years post disturbance. At the habitat unit scale, LW tended to accumulate in locations with narrow channel widths, and to a lesser extent, in shallow reaches. These data highlight the dynamic nature of the natural wood regime in coastal rivers that is produced by continuous recruitment and transport through the system.
","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s10021-023-00870-0","usgsCitation":"Yazzie, K., Torgersen, C.E., Schindler, D., and Reeves, G.H., 2023, Spatial and temporal variation of large wood in a coastal river: Ecosystems, v. 27, p. 19-32, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00870-0.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-145063","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420150,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Elk River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.57286598859824,\n 42.864762099604405\n ],\n [\n -124.57286598859824,\n 42.65\n ],\n [\n -124.175,\n 42.65\n ],\n [\n -124.175,\n 42.864762099604405\n ],\n [\n -124.57286598859824,\n 42.864762099604405\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yazzie, Kimberly","contributorId":328733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yazzie","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schindler, Daniel","contributorId":198878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schindler","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reeves, Gordon H.","contributorId":101521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":527,"text":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":881135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247841,"text":"70247841 - 2023 - Assessing environmental change associated with early Eocene hyperthermals in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-22T12:08:00.858115","indexId":"70247841","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-17T07:06:14","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing environmental change associated with early Eocene hyperthermals in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA","docAbstract":"Eocene transient global warming events (hyperthermals) can provide insight into a future warmer world. While much research has focused on the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), hyperthermals of a smaller magnitude can be used to characterize climatic responses over different magnitudes of forcing. This study identifies two events, namely the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2 and H2), in shallow marine sediments of the Eocene-aged Salisbury Embayment of Maryland, based on magnetostratigraphy, calcareous nannofossil, and dinocyst biostratigraphy, as well as the recognition of negative stable carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) in biogenic calcite. We assess local environmental change in the Salisbury Embayment, utilizing clay mineralogy, marine palynology, δ18O of biogenic calcite, and biomarker paleothermometry (TEX86). Paleotemperature proxies show broad agreement between surface water and bottom water temperature changes. However, the timing of the warming does not correspond to the CIE of the ETM2 as expected from other records, and the highest values are observed during H2, suggesting factors in addition to pCO2 forcing have influenced temperature changes in the region. The ETM2 interval exhibits a shift in clay mineralogy from smectite-dominated facies to illite-rich facies, suggesting hydroclimatic changes but with a rather dampened weathering response relative to that of the PETM in the same region. Organic walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages show large fluctuations throughout the studied section, none of which seem systematically related to CIE warming. These observations are contrary to the typical tight correspondence between climate change and assemblages across the PETM, regionally and globally, and ETM2 in the Arctic Ocean. The data do indicate very warm and (seasonally) stratified conditions, likely salinity-driven, across H2. The absence of evidence for strong perturbations in local hydrology and nutrient supply during ETM2 and H2, compared to the PETM, is consistent with the less extreme forcing and the warmer pre-event baseline, as well as the non-linear response in hydroclimates to greenhouse forcing.
Appalachian coal surface mines fracture geologic materials, causing release of both major ions and trace elements to water via accelerated weathering. When elevated above natural background, trace elements in streams may produce adverse effects to biota via direct exposure from water and sediment and via dietary exposure in food sources. Other studies have found elevated water concentrations of multiple trace elements in Appalachia's mining-influenced streams. Excepting Se, trace-element concentrations in abiotic and biotic media of Appalachian mining-influenced streams are less well-known. We analyzed environmental media of headwater streams receiving alkaline waters from Appalachian coal mines for eight trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sr, V, and Zn) and assessed potential consequent ecological risks. Streamwater, particulate media (sediment, biofilm, leaf detritus) and benthic macroinvertebrates (primary consumers, secondary consumers, crayfish) were sampled from six mining-influenced and three reference streams during low-flow conditions in two seasons. Dissolved Cu, Ni, and Sr were higher in mining-influenced streams than in reference streams; whereas Ni, Sr, and Zn in fine sediments and Ni in macroinvertebrates were also elevated relative to reference-stream levels in samples from mining-influenced streams. Seasonal ratios of mining-influenced stream concentrations to maximum concentrations in reference streams also demonstrated mining-influenced increases for several elements in multiple media. In most media, concentrations of several elements including Ni were correlated positively. All water-column dissolved concentrations were below protective levels, but fine-sediment concentrations of Ni approached or exceeded threshold-effect concentrations in several streams. Further study is warranted for several elements (Cd, Ni, and Zn in biofilms, and V in macroinvertebrates), which approached or exceeded previously established dietary-risk levels.
Despite increasing wildfires, few studies have investigated seasonal water quality responses to wildfire characteristics (e.g., burn severity) across a large number of lakes. We monitored 30 total lakes (15 burned, 15 control) monthly following the Greenwood Fire in Minnesota, USA, a lake-rich region with historically prevalent wildfire. We found increases in median concentrations of total nitrogen (68%), total phosphorus (70%), dissolved organic carbon (127%), total suspended solids (71%), and reduced water clarity (48%) and pH (0.45) in burned lakes. Post-wildfire responses in drainage lakes were often persistent or cumulative throughout the open-water season, compared to isolated lakes. Total phosphorus (TP) increased linearly with watershed high-severity burns, and shoreline high-severity burns explained more variation in TP than lake morphometry and watershed variables. Post-wildfire chlorophyll-a responses were nonsignificant and inconsistent, possibly due to light limitation. Our results suggest that increasing wildfires have significant potential to affect water quality of inland lakes.
Continuous and discrete streamflow data were combined with waterborne self-potential (WaSP), surface-water temperature and surface-water conductivity surveys obtained along an approximately 43-kilometer (26.7 mile) surveyed reach of the Elm Fork Trinity River (hereinafter referred to as “Elm Fork”) upstream from Dallas, Texas, to investigate areas of gaining and losing streamflow under various streamflow and seasonal climatic conditions. Discrete streamflow measurements were made at 17 locations on October 12, 2021, and January 25, 2022, at 19 locations on May 17, 2022, and at 18 locations on August 9, 2022. WaSP data were measured from a kayak in January 2022 during a period of base flow along three individually surveyed reaches between the Lake Lewisville Dam and Frasier Dam on the Elm Fork. Together, these data indicated different parts of the Elm Fork functioned as either a gaining or losing stream depending on streamflow and seasonal climatic conditions. Overall, there were estimated net gains in streamflow during the first two discrete-measurement events of about 107 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) and 2 ft3/s in October 2021 and January 2022, respectively, and estimated net losses in streamflow in May 2022 and August 2022 of about 24 ft3/s and 18 ft3/s, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Water Resources Institute","doi":"10.21423/twj.v14i1.7158","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J., Ikard, S., Trader, R.K., and Rodriguez, D., 2023, Discrete streamflow measurements and waterborne self-potential logging of a 43-kilometer-long reach of the Elm Fork Trinity River upstream from Dallas, Texas: Texas Water Journal, v. 14, no. 1, p. 81-104, https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v14i1.7158.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-147777","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442404,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v14i1.7158","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Elm Fork Trinity River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.89176831513726,\n 33.812193209873996\n ],\n [\n -97.94876936158748,\n 33.869691400296986\n ],\n [\n -97.95865878969555,\n 32.91189530433283\n ],\n [\n -95.92143659946109,\n 30.164609836459107\n ],\n [\n -95.00171978542303,\n 29.280023289731616\n ],\n [\n -94.41824352705486,\n 29.581484695397577\n ],\n [\n -95.89176831513726,\n 33.812193209873996\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Jonathan V. 0000-0003-0903-9713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9713","contributorId":217874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jonathan V.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ikard, Scott 0000-0002-8304-4935","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-4935","contributorId":201775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikard","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trader, Roger K. 0000-0003-1108-6789","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-6789","contributorId":330664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trader","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodriguez, David 0000-0002-1009-3402","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-3402","contributorId":330665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249515,"text":"70249515 - 2023 - Global methane emissions from rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T13:45:11.839911","indexId":"70249515","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-16T08:43:02","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global methane emissions from rivers and streams","docAbstract":"Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas and its concentrations have tripled in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution. There is evidence that global warming has increased CH4 emissions from freshwater ecosystems1,2, providing positive feedback to the global climate. Yet for rivers and streams, the controls and the magnitude of CH4 emissions remain highly uncertain3,4. Here we report a spatially explicit global estimate of CH4 emissions from running waters, accounting for 27.9 (16.7–39.7) Tg CH4 per year and roughly equal in magnitude to those of other freshwater systems5,6. Riverine CH4 emissions are not strongly temperature dependent, with low average activation energy (EM = 0.14 eV) compared with that of lakes and wetlands (EM = 0.96 eV)1. By contrast, global patterns of emissions are characterized by large fluxes in high- and low-latitude settings as well as in human-dominated environments. These patterns are explained by edaphic and climate features that are linked to anoxia in and near fluvial habitats, including a high supply of organic matter and water saturation in hydrologically connected soils. Our results highlight the importance of land–water connections in regulating CH4 supply to running waters, which is vulnerable not only to direct human modifications but also to several climate change responses on land.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publications","doi":"10.1038/s41586-023-06344-6","usgsCitation":"Rocher-Ros, G., Stanley, E.H., Loken, L.C., Casson, N.J., Raymond, P.A., Liu, S., Amatulli, G., and Sponseller, R.A., 2023, Global methane emissions from rivers and streams: Nature, v. 621, p. 530-535, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06344-6.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"530","endPage":"535","ipdsId":"IP-146294","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06344-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"621","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocher-Ros, Gerard","contributorId":329670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rocher-Ros","given":"Gerard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12666,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loken, Luke C. 0000-0003-3194-1498 lloken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-1498","contributorId":195600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loken","given":"Luke","email":"lloken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casson, Nora J.","contributorId":169271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casson","given":"Nora","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":886053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raymond, Peter A.","contributorId":172876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymond","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17883,"text":"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Shaoda","contributorId":257246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Shaoda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51989,"text":"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amatulli, Giuseppe","contributorId":330856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amatulli","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37550,"text":"Yale University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sponseller, Ryan A.","contributorId":329667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sponseller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24847,"text":"Umea University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70248284,"text":"70248284 - 2023 - Functional traits explain waterbirds’ host status, subtype richness, and community-level infection risk for avian influenza","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-23T16:07:18.978878","indexId":"70248284","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-16T08:33:49","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional traits explain waterbirds’ host status, subtype richness, and community-level infection risk for avian influenza","docAbstract":"Species functional traits can influence pathogen transmission processes, and consequently affect species' host status, pathogen diversity, and community-level infection risk. We here investigated, for 143 European waterbird species, effects of functional traits on host status and pathogen diversity (subtype richness) for avian influenza virus at species level. We then explored the association between functional diversity and HPAI H5Nx occurrence at the community level for 2016/17 and 2021/22 epidemics in Europe. We found that both host status and subtype richness were shaped by several traits, such as diet guild and dispersal ability, and that the community-weighted means of these traits were also correlated with community-level risk of H5Nx occurrence. Moreover, functional divergence was negatively associated with H5Nx occurrence, indicating that functional diversity can reduce infection risk. Our findings highlight the value of integrating trait-based ecology into the framework of diversity–disease relationship, and provide new insights for HPAI prediction and prevention.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.14294","usgsCitation":"Yin, S., Li, N., Xu, W., Becker, D., de Boer, W.F., Xu, C., Mundkur, T., Fountain-Jones, N.M., Li, C., Han, G., Wu, Q., Prosser, D., Cui, L., and Huang, Z., 2023, Functional traits explain waterbirds’ host status, subtype richness, and community-level infection risk for avian influenza: Ecology Letters, v. 26, no. 10, p. 1780-1791, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14294.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1780","endPage":"1791","ipdsId":"IP-150802","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14294","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420619,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"http://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yin, Shenglai","contributorId":223544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yin","given":"Shenglai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Ning","contributorId":329421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78584,"text":"Nanjing Xiaozhuang University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, 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One catchment was established as a control in which no effort was made to remove leaf litter and other organic detritus from streets. The second catchment served as the test catchment in which leaf litter was removed through a combination of biweekly leaf collection and weekly mechanical-broom street cleaning. Loads of total and dissolved phosphorus in the test catchment were reduced by 46 and 51 percent (probability less than 0.20), respectively, and total and dissolved nitrogen by 42 and 52 percent (probability less than 0.20), respectively, with an active leaf collection and street cleaning program compared to no program in the control catchment. Results from this study support an ongoing effort to characterize how various combinations of municipal leaf collection and street cleaning can affect nutrient loads in urban runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231061","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and League of Wisconsin Municipalities","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., and Stenehjem, K.J., 2023, Fall contributions of phosphorus and nitrogen in stormwater runoff through weekly street cleaning: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1061, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231061.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 11 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-150684","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419832,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":499786,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115215.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419833,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20231061/full"},{"id":419831,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1061/images"},{"id":419830,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1061/ofr20231061.XML"},{"id":419829,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1061/ofr20231061.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023–1061"},{"id":419828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1061/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.38888315075111,\n 43.151755311064505\n ],\n [\n -89.38888315075111,\n 43.13561018325166\n ],\n [\n -89.36103939056075,\n 43.13561018325166\n ],\n [\n -89.36103939056075,\n 43.151755311064505\n ],\n [\n -89.38888315075111,\n 43.151755311064505\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
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Digital flood-inundation maps for a 3.4-mile reach of Fourmile Creek at Silver Grove, Kentucky, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Silver Grove and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Louisville District. Because the City of Silver Grove is subject to flooding from Fourmile Creek and the Ohio River (backwater flooding up Fourmile Creek), a set of flood-inundation maps was created, including maps for each flooding source considered independently and for possible scenarios involving flooding from both sources combined. The flood-inundation maps depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to a range of gage heights (gage height is commonly referred to as “stage,” or the water-surface elevation at a streamgage) at the USGS streamgage on Fourmile Creek at Grays Crossing at Silver Grove, Ky. (station number 03238785), and the USGS streamgage on Fourmile Creek at Highway 8 at Silver Grove, Ky. (station number 03238798). Near-real-time stages at these streamgages can be obtained from the USGS National Water Information System at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/. The USGS streamgage on the Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio (station number 03255000), is also important in this study because the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS; https://water.weather.gov/ahps/) forecasts flood hydrographs for this site (NWS AHPS site CCNO1). The peak-stage information forecast by the NWS AHPS can be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.
Flood profiles were computed for the Fourmile Creek study reach by means of a one-dimensional, step-backwater hydraulic model (HEC-RAS) developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the current stage-discharge relation (USGS rating number 1.1) at USGS streamgage 03238785, Fourmile Creek at Grays Crossing at Silver Grove, Ky. The model was then used to compute water-surface profiles for 83 combinations of flood stages on the Ohio River and Fourmile Creek ranging from approximately base flow to greater than a 2-percent annual exceedance probability flood in the model reach. An additional 50 water-surface profiles were computed for backwater-only flooding (from the Ohio River) for flood elevations (referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD 88]) at 1-foot intervals referenced to USGS streamgage 03238798, Fourmile Creek at Highway 8 at Silver Grove, Ky.; these elevations ranged from approximately normal pool (460 ft, NAVD 88) to approximately a 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flood (509 ft, NAVD 88) on the Ohio River. The computed water-surface profile information was then combined with a digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data to delineate the approximate flooded areas.
The digital flood-inundation maps are available through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapper application (https://fim.wim.usgs.gov/fim/), which presents map libraries and provides detailed information on flood extent and depths for selected sites. The flood-inundation maps developed in this study, in conjunction with the real-time stage data from the USGS streamgages on Fourmile Creek at Silver Grove, Ky., and forecasted stream stages from the NWS AHPS, are intended to provide information that can help inform the public about potential flooding and provide emergency management personnel with a tool to efficiently manage emergency flood operations, such as evacuations and road closures, and assist in postflood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Silver Grove and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Louisville District","usgsCitation":"Boldt, J.A., 2023, Flood-inundation maps for Fourmile Creek at Silver Grove, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5068, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235068.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 22 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-130251","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500949,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115179.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":418995,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VJSH7D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial datasets and model for the flood-inundation study of Fourmile Creek at Silver Grove, Kentucky"},{"id":418994,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5068/sir20235068.XML"},{"id":418993,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5068/images/"},{"id":418992,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235068/full","text":"Report","description":"SIR 2023-5068"},{"id":418991,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5068/sir20235068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.38 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5068"},{"id":418990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5068/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","city":"Silver Grove","otherGeospatial":"Fourmile Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.5333,\n 39.1333\n ],\n [\n -84.5333,\n 39.0167\n ],\n [\n -84.3583,\n 39.0167\n ],\n [\n -84.3583,\n 39.1333\n ],\n [\n -84.5333,\n 39.1333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278-1996
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Polk County Conservation","usgsCitation":"Burch, T., Stokdyk, J.P., Firnstahl, A.D., Opelt, S., Cook, R.M., and Borchardt, M.A., 2023, Des Moines water trails: Health risk from waterborne pathogens during recreational water use, 55 p.","productDescription":"55 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152824","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.polkcountyiowa.gov/conservation/water-quality/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Des Moines","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.9020694474879,\n 41.79712862176632\n ],\n [\n -93.9020694474879,\n 41.46537191589431\n ],\n [\n -93.43046961673721,\n 41.46537191589431\n ],\n [\n -93.43046961673721,\n 41.79712862176632\n ],\n [\n -93.9020694474879,\n 41.79712862176632\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burch, Tucker R.","contributorId":195801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burch","given":"Tucker R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stokdyk, Joel P. 0000-0003-2887-6277 jstokdyk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-6277","contributorId":193848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokdyk","given":"Joel","email":"jstokdyk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Firnstahl, Aaron D. 0000-0003-2686-7596 afirnstahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-7596","contributorId":168296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Firnstahl","given":"Aaron","email":"afirnstahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Opelt, Sarah A.","contributorId":300168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Opelt","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Rachel M.","contributorId":300167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Rachel","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Borchardt, Mark A. 0000-0002-6471-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2627","contributorId":151033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70247673,"text":"ofr20231057 - 2023 - Drought-vulnerability assessment of public water systems in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T21:30:53.996113","indexId":"ofr20231057","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-14T07:23:42","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-1057","displayTitle":"Drought-Vulnerability Assessment of Public Water Systems in West Virginia","title":"Drought-vulnerability assessment of public water systems in West Virginia","docAbstract":"Water withdrawn from rivers and streams accounts for approximately 80 percent of the public water supply in West Virginia. Localized and (or) seasonal droughts may threaten future water availability in the state, particularly in rural communities located in the headwaters of unregulated watersheds. Monthly water withdrawal data obtained from the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection’s Large Quantity User program’s regulatory database was used to calculate all-time, seasonal, and monthly 75th quantile withdrawal rates for 109 public water system (PWS) intakes withdrawing from surface waters in West Virginia. A drought-vulnerability assessment value was calculated by comparing PWS withdrawal rates to the 1-day, 10-year hydrologically based streamflow statistic (1Q10) for 71 of the 109 PWS in locations with valid streamflow statistics. Withdrawal rates were evaluated against thresholds representing different levels of drought-related impacts from the West Virginia interagency drought plan and ecological-flow literature. The drought-vulnerability assessment found 33 of 71 PWS have 75th quantile withdrawal rates greater than 100 percent of 1Q10 streamflow. Forty-five of 71 PWS have 75th quantile withdrawal rates more than 10 percent of 1Q10 streamflow, suggesting some level of ecological impairment during severe drought. Additionally, a publicly available, near real-time drought-awareness web tool was created to compare the estimated withdrawal rate for 109 PWS to forecast streamflows from the National Water Model to support decision-making for emergency and water managers.
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Virginia\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long history of working cooperatively with the South Carolina Department of Transportation to develop methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods for rural and urban streams that have minimal to no regulation or tidal influence. As part of those previous investigations, flood-frequency estimates also have been generated for selected streamgages on regulated streams. This report assesses the effects of impoundments on flood-frequency characteristics by comparing annual exceedance probability (AEP) streamflows from pre- and post-regulated (before and after impoundment) periods at 18 long-term USGS streamgages, which is defined as a streamgage with 30 or more years of record, in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. For an assessment of how differences in such statistics can be influenced by period of record and hydrologic conditions captured in those records, which could be considered as natural variability, AEP streamflows at an additional 18 long-term USGS streamgages that represent unregulated conditions in those three States were computed and compared for the first and last half of those records.
Of the 18 long-term streamgages with pre- and post-regulated periods of record, 17 streamgages had both peak streamflows and daily mean streamflows available. To further assess how impoundments may influence a broader range of streamflow characteristics, The Nature Conservancy’s Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration software was used to compare selected streamflow characteristics generated from daily mean streamflows for pre- and post-regulated periods of record at 16 of those long-term streamgages. For comparison of the natural variability of such streamflow statistics, two periods of record (first half and last half) also were compared at 17 of the 18 long-term streamgages on unregulated streams. The remaining long-term streamgage on an unregulated stream included in this report had only annual peak streamflows and, therefore, was not included in the hydrologic alteration analysis.
In a separate USGS investigation completed in 2023, flood-frequency statistics for the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent AEP streamflows (also known as the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year recurrence interval streamflows, respectively) were computed for 72 streamgages on regulated streams in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Of those 72 streamgages, 29 streamgages were found to be redundant, which is a situation where the drainage basin of one streamgage is contained inside another (nested) and the two basins are of similar size. For the remaining 43 streamgages, 39 had basins where 75 percent or more of the drainage area was above the Fall Line. Those 39 streamgages were included in this investigation to develop regional regression equations that can be used to estimate the flood-frequency statistics at ungaged locations on regulated streams in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina in which 75 percent or more of the drainage basin is located above the Fall Line. The flood-frequency regression equations are functions of drainage area and maximum storage index computed for upstream reservoirs.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1770 Corporate Drive, suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
Lead mining in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District began in the 1700s and continued for nearly 300 years; the waste piles associated with smelting, mining, and milling of lead ores have released metal residues that have contaminated soil and water in the region. Previous studies in the district have indicated potential harm to wildlife, including birds, because of elevated lead concentrations associated with mining. Exposure to soil-borne lead was correlated with elevated lead concentrations in tissues, inhibition of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δALAD), and renal lesions in birds foraging on ground-dwelling invertebrates at contaminated sites (compared to reference sites) in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District.
This study assessed reproductive outcomes for songbirds exposed to soil-borne lead in the district, examined the relation between lead concentrations in soils and in tissues of ground-feeding birds and prey species, and compared the results to literature-based toxicity thresholds for lead that are associated with negative effects in birds. Three lead-contaminated sites and three reference sites (with background concentrations of lead and no known mining inputs) were compared in two ways: individually to all other sites or by site type. Additional effects of lead exposure were evaluated by examining concentrations of biomarkers (oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and deoxyribonucleic acid damage) in liver tissues, δALAD inhibition, and renal and hepatic microscopic lesions in birds from lead-contaminated and reference sites.
Lead concentrations in soil were site-dependent and were also generally heterogeneous within the lead-contaminated sites. Between 17 and 74 percent of all soil samples at contaminated sites had lead concentrations that exceeded a threshold (1,000 milligrams per kilogram [mg/kg] lead in soil) previously associated with adverse physiological effects in birds in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District. Lead concentrations in mixed invertebrates from lead-contaminated sites (282 to 2,230 mg/kg dry weight [dw]) indicated that consuming soil-dwelling prey species is a potential exposure pathway for adult birds and their broods. At lead-contaminated sites, lead concentrations in 40.5 percent of blood samples (adults and their broods) were within a subclinical effects range (0.9 to 2.3 mg/kg dw), and 18.7 percent of samples had lead concentrations that exceeded clinical effects criteria (greater than 2.3 mg/kg dw). In contrast, only 2.6 percent of blood samples from reference sites were within the subclinical effects range for lead; all other blood samples from the reference sites had lead concentrations representative of background concentrations (less than 0.9 mg/kg dw). Subclinical and clinical threshold exceedances for lead concentrations in livers and kidneys were similarly more prevalent at the contaminated sites compared to the reference sites.
Lead concentrations in blood were positively correlated with lead concentrations in soil, livers, and kidneys. Lead concentrations in blood were negatively correlated with δALAD activity; greater than 50 percent of the birds collected at lead-contaminated sites exhibited injury via greater than 50 percent inhibition of δALAD in blood compared to birds at reference sites. Birds with elevated lead concentrations in tissues also exhibited enhanced oxidative stress. Microscopic lesions in the livers and kidneys of birds had similar rates of occurrence at the contaminated and reference sites, and lesion prevalence could not be directly linked to lead exposure. Reproductive success was monitored at 585 nests, and 3 out of 5 species had reduced nest success associated with elevated lead concentrations in soil; habitat measures did not help explain nest success. Reduced nest success may have resulted from greater nest predation resulting from neurological and behavioral effects of lead exposure. Ultimately, these lines of evidence indicate that bird health and reproduction have been negatively affected by exposure to lead-contaminated soils in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235032","usgsCitation":"Brasso, R., Cleveland, D., Thompson, F.R., III, Mosby, D.E., Hixson, K., Roach, M., Rattner, B.A., Karouna-Renier, N.K., and Lankton, J.S., 2023, Effects of lead exposure on birds breeding in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5032, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235032.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 127 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"144","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-134142","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419666,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RV1D60","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Breeding songbird tissue analyses and metal concentrations in tissues, soil and invertebrates collected near nesting sites within the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District, 2016–19"},{"id":419662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5032/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419663,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5032/sir20235032.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5032"},{"id":419664,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5032/sir20235032.XML"},{"id":500894,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115182.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419755,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235032/full"},{"id":419665,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5032/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.66252506041675,\n 39.51237957711933\n ],\n [\n -92.66252506041675,\n 36.74875309799043\n ],\n [\n -89.01662840507522,\n 36.74875309799043\n ],\n [\n -89.01662840507522,\n 39.51237957711933\n ],\n [\n -92.66252506041675,\n 39.51237957711933\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Columbia Environmental Research Center
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Invasive carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis [Richardson, 1845; Bighead Carp], H. molitrix [Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1844; Silver Carp], Ctenopharyngodon idella [Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1844; Grass Carp], and Mylopharyngodon piceus [Richardson, 1846; Black Carp]) expansion threatens the Laurentian Great Lakes and other major waterways. Numerous tools and techniques are being tested or developed to curtail the upstream expansion of invasive carps while minimizing the effect to native species. Underwater sound is one technology that has shown promise as a deterrent in the laboratory and ponds and is being considered for use at bottleneck locks and dams to reduce the risk of invasive carps moving to uninvaded areas. To test this technology at a management-relevant scale, an underwater acoustic deterrent system (UADS) was designed and installed at Lock 19 on the Mississippi River in 2021. The experimental UADS operates on a continuous schedule of 80 hours on and 80 hours off to allow for comparisons of fish behavior during varying environmental, operational, and navigation traffic conditions. Two telemetry systems, operating at 69 and 307 kilohertz, were deployed to evaluate how the UADS may affect movement and behavior of invasive carps and native fish species. During 2021–22, Silver Carp were twice as likely to pass over the UADS and into the lock when it was off compared to on; however, Bigmouth Buffalo, a native fish, were 1.2 times more likely to make upstream passage when the UADS was off compared to on.
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Dam removal is used increasingly to restore aquatic ecosystems and remove unnecessary or high-risk infrastructure. As the number of removals increases, there is a growing understanding about the hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological responses to these removals. Most dam removal studies, however, focus on river and watershed responses to dam removal. The removal of two dams on the Elwha River provided a unique opportunity to characterize the response of nearshore (coastal) ecosystems. We conducted SCUBA surveys between 2011 and 2022 to quantify trajectories of change in a nearshore ecosystem during and after dam removal. We focused on the degree to which the abundances of kelp, benthic invertebrates, and fish changed in response to patterns of sediment fluxes during and after dam removal. Our findings point to two pathways of response depending on the disturbance mechanism and species type. Sites with persistent sediment deposition were characterized by wholesale community changes that did not recover to a before dam removal condition. Instead, the sites were colonized by new species that were largely absent prior to dam removal. Sites that experienced high turbidity but lacked persistent seafloor deposition were primarily characterized by a reduction in the abundance of kelp and other algae during dam removal and a rapid recovery after sediment flux to the nearshore declined. Dam removal influences on invertebrates and fish at these sites were more variable, benefiting some species and disadvantaging others. In addition to dam removal, sea star wasting syndrome and a marine heatwave exerted distinct controls on subtidal communities during the same period. The loss of the predatory sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides was associated with gains in some of its prey species, and kelp community changes reflected regional trends in ocean temperature and kelp abundance. The results presented here have important implications for understanding the response of marine ecosystems to future dam removals and similar sediment perturbation events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895","usgsCitation":"Rubin, S.P., Foley, M.M., Miller, I.M., Stevens, A.W., Warrick, J.A., Berry, H.D., Elder, N.E., Beirne, M.M., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2023, Nearshore subtidal community response during and after sediment disturbance associated with dam removal: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1233895, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895.","productDescription":"1233895, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154198","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NCE4FE","text":"USGS data 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climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T15:43:38.310904","indexId":"70247691","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-10T09:15:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seventy questions of importance to the conservation of the North Central grasslands of the United States in a changing climate","docAbstract":"Successful conservation of ecosystems in a changing climate requires actionable research that directly supports the rethinking and revising of management approaches to address changing risks and opportunities. As an important first step toward actionable research, we reviewed and synthesized grassland management-related documents to identify broadly shared questions that, if answered, would help to support collective conservation of the grasslands in the northern Great Plains of the United States in a changing climate. A Management Priorities Working Group reviewed 183 grassland-relevant management documents and identified 70 questions. Feedback was iteratively provided by a Climate and Ecology Working Group, an Advisory Committee, and representatives from grassland management agencies and organizations. The identified questions generally fall under 15 topics: land conversion; restoration; disturbance regimes; woody encroachment; herbaceous invasives; grazing; water quality, quantity, and availability; animal species; private land; public understanding; legal and policy changes; economic incentives; coordination across management entities; accessibility of science and tools; and novel ways of thinking. These questions can inform a research agenda for researchers looking to conduct actionable science in the Great Plains grassland ecosystems. Both the approach and the questions presented here can also be adapted and applied in other regions and ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.12998","usgsCitation":"Miller Hesed, C.D., Yocum, H.M., Cross, M.S., Bamzai-Dodson, A., Wheeler, B., Beckmann, J.P., Ahlering, M., Hall, K.R., Boyd-Valandra, E., Mosher, D., Miller, B.W., and Jaffe, S., 2023, Seventy questions of importance to the conservation of the North Central grasslands of the United States in a changing climate: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 5, no. 9, e12998, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12998.","productDescription":"e12998, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148847","costCenters":[{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442462,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12998","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419745,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Rhodamine water tracer (WT) dye served as the solute in a field experiment, and was introduced over 4.5 h and monitored for 4 days by sondes moored in the reservoir. The scenario was modeled numerically using the Delft3D flexible mesh (FM) hydrodynamic and mixing model, with measured inflows, outflows, water level, water temperatures, and bathymetry as input. Manning’s
The occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds (hereinafter referred to as “pharmaceuticals”) in surface water that recharges the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer in south-central Texas is of concern with respect to potential effects on groundwater quality. This study, conducted during June 2018–August 2020 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, used a source-to-sink approach (that is, from aquifer recharge to aquifer discharge) to compare the occurrences and concentrations of pharmaceuticals in recharging (losing) streams to those in relatively shallow and relatively deep groundwater. Individual pharmaceutical concentrations in surface water were all less than 200 nanograms per liter, and most were less than 50 nanograms per liter. The two most common pharmaceuticals in surface water were metformin (50-percent detection frequency) and caffeine (25-percent detection frequency). In contrast to surface-water sites, few detections of pharmaceuticals above the detection limit were quantified at groundwater sites. On the basis of studied sample sites that are considered to be representative of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, groundwater results collectively indicate that pharmaceuticals currently (2020) do not substantially impair water quality in the shallow unconfined part of the Edwards aquifer. Although groundwater pharmaceutical detections were not common, two detections of acetaminophen occurred in samples collected from a relatively deep confined part of the aquifer, indicating that this part of the aquifer is potentially vulnerable to pharmaceutical contamination. The near absence of wastewater treatment plant discharges and Texas Land Application Permit facilities within the drainage areas of streams in this study could explain reduced inputs of pharmaceuticals relative to pesticides on the Edwards aquifer recharge zone and their reduced occurrence in unconfined groundwater. In the western part of the study area, numerous pharmaceutical detections in the Frio River indicate that pharmaceutical sources in rural areas also exist with potential water-quality effects. Although reported pharmaceutical concentrations for the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer are currently (2020) low, ongoing development in the region has the potential to increase contaminant loads, including for pharmaceuticals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235069","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Opsahl, S.P., and Musgrove, M., 2023, Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards (Balcones fault zone) aquifer, south-central Texas, June 2018–August 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5069, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235069.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 31 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-135756","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419667,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235069/full","description":"SIR 2023-5069 HTML"},{"id":419601,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS water data for the Nation—U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":419599,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/sir20235069.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2023-5069 XML"},{"id":419598,"rank":2,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/images"},{"id":419546,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/sir20235069.pdf","size":"8.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 30.162167400384334\n ],\n [\n -100.55099171184453,\n 30.162167400384334\n ],\n [\n -100.55099171184453,\n 28.99078942671082\n ],\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 28.99078942671082\n ],\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 30.162167400384334\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
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Technology advancements in fisheries science can provide useful tools to support natural resource management and conservation. However, new technologies may also present challenges for decision makers due to the lack of a standardized process to assess technologies for consideration within management plans. Future technology development in fishery and water resources could benefit from a framework that assigns an appropriate technology development stage and defines the readiness for implementation. Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are one established research and development scale used throughout engineering and related disciplines that could be applied to natural resource management tools. The TRL assess the maturity of a technology from nascent idea through a fully developed technology. Steps within this scale could provide a general framework for researchers to follow when planning and conducting studies, while similarly providing a standard scale for resource managers to assess readiness for technology transfer and implementation. The goal of this paper is to describe TRL in the context of natural resource management tools and offer this existing framework as one option to facilitate communication between researchers and managers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10982","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Fritts, A.K., Brey, M.K., Woodley, C., Smith, D., Cornish, M., McGovern, A., Simmonds, R., and Jackson, N., 2023, Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools: Fisheries, v. 48, no. 11, p. 474-479, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"479","ipdsId":"IP-153278","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K. 0000-0003-2142-3339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-3339","contributorId":204594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodley, Christa M.","contributorId":301986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodley","given":"Christa M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":898237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cornish, Mark","contributorId":203379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornish","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGovern, Amy","contributorId":335384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGovern","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80390,"text":"USFWS Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Simmonds, Rob","contributorId":317890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmonds","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68344,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, Neal","contributorId":203382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Neal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ]}