Quantitative estimates of base flow are necessary to address questions concerning the vulnerability and response of the Nation’s water supply to natural and human-induced change in environmental conditions. An objective of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Project is to determine how hydrologic systems are affected by watershed characteristics, including land use, land cover, water use, climate, and natural characteristics (geology, soil type, and topography). An important component of any hydrologic system is base flow, generally described as the part of streamflow that is sustained between precipitation events, fed to stream channels by delayed (usually subsurface) pathways, and more specifically as the volumetric discharge of water, estimated at a measurement site or gage at the watershed scale, which represents groundwater that discharges directly or indirectly to stream reaches and is then routed to the measurement point.
Hydrograph separation using a recursive digital filter was applied to 225 sites in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. The recursive digital filter was chosen for the following reasons: it is based in part on the assumption that groundwater acts as a linear reservoir, and so has a physical basis; it has only two adjustable parameters (alpha, obtained directly from recession analysis, and beta, the maximum value of the base-flow index that can be modeled by the filter), which can be determined objectively and with the same physical basis of groundwater reservoir linearity, or that can be optimized by applying a chemical-mass-balance constraint. Base-flow estimates from the recursive digital filter were compared with those from five other hydrograph-separation methods with respect to two metrics: the long-term average fraction of streamflow that is base flow, or base-flow index, and the fraction of days where streamflow is entirely base flow. There was generally good correlation between the methods, with some biased slightly high and some biased slightly low compared to the recursive digital filter. There were notable differences between the days at base flow estimated by the different methods, with the recursive digital filter having a smaller range of values. This was attributed to how the different methods determine cessation of quickflow (the part of streamflow which is not base flow).
For 109 Chesapeake Bay watershed sites with available specific conductance data, the parameters of the filter were optimized using a chemical-mass-balance constraint and two different models for the time-dependence of base-flow specific conductance. Sixty-seven models were deemed acceptable and the results compared well with non-optimized results. There are a number of limitations to the optimal hydrograph-separation approach resulting from the assumptions implicit in the conceptual model, the mathematical model, and the approach taken to impose chemical mass balance (including tracer choice). These limitations may be evidenced by poor model results; conversely, poor model fit may provide an indication that two-component separation does not adequately describe the hydrologic system’s runoff response.
The results of this study may be used to address a number of questions regarding the role of groundwater in understanding past changes in stream-water quality and forecasting possible future changes, such as the timing and magnitude of land-use and management practice effects on stream and groundwater quality. Ongoing and future modeling efforts may benefit from the estimates of base flow as calibration targets or as a means to filter chemical data to model base-flow loads and trends. Ultimately, base-flow estimation might provide the basis for future work aimed at improving the ability to quantify groundwater discharge, not only at the scale of a gaged watershed, but at the scale of individual reaches as well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175034","isbn":"978-1-4113-4135-7","collaboration":"National Water Quality Program","usgsCitation":"Raffensperger, J.P., Baker, A.C., Blomquist, J.D., and Hopple, J.A., 2017, Optimal hydrograph separation using a recursive digital filter constrained by chemical mass balance, with application to selected Chesapeake Bay watersheds: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5034, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175034.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 51 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-080740","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5034/sir20175034.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5034"},{"id":342817,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5034/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342819,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F757194G","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydrograph-separation results for 225 streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed derived by using PART, HYSEP (Fixed, Local minimum, Slide), BFI, and a Recursive Digital Filter with streamflow data ranging from 1913 through 2016"}],"contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
A study was conducted in 2014–15 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Municipality of Caguas, to determine if changes in the stream sanitary quality during base-flow conditions have occurred since 1997–99, when a similar study was completed by the USGS. Water samples were collected for the current study during two synoptic surveys in 2014 and 2015. Water samples were analyzed for fecal and total coliform bacteria, nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen, nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate, and human health and pharmaceutical products. Water sampling occurred at 39 stream locations used during the 1997–99 study by the USGS and at 11 additional sites. A total of 151 stream miles were classified on the basis of fecal and total coliform bacteria results.
The overall spatial pattern of the sanitary quality of surface water during 2014–15 is similar to the pattern observed in 1997–99 in relation to the standards adopted by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board in 1990. Surface water at most of the water-sampling sites exceeded the current standard for fecal coliform of 200 colonies per 100 milliliters adopted by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board in 2010. The poorest sanitary quality was within the urban area of the Municipality of Caguas, particularly in urban stream reaches of Río Caguitas and in rural and suburban reaches bordered by houses in high density that either have inadequate septic tanks or discharge domestic wastewater directly into the stream channels. The best sanitary quality occurred in areas having little or no human development, such as in the wards of San Salvador and Beatriz to the south and southwest of Caguas, respectively. The concentration of nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen ranged from 0.02 to 9.0 milligrams per liter, and did not exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard for nitrate as nitrogen of 10 milligrams per liter. The composition of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate indicates that the origin of nitrate in the streams is most likely animal and human waste. A baseline was established for the concentrations of selected human health and pharmaceutical products at stations in some of the streams within the Municipality of Caguas. Thirty-eight human health and pharmaceutical products were present at or above the measurement detection level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Autonomous Municipality of Caguas","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús, and Guzmán-Ríos, Senén, 2017, Sanitary quality of surface water during base-flow conditions in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico, 2014–15: A comparison with results from a similar 1997–99 study: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5045, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175045.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 20 p.; Plate: 20.66 x 40.73 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-068670","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342871,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5045/sir20175045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.38 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U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
Use of telemetry data to inform fisheries conservation and management is becoming increasingly common; as such, fish typically must be sedated before surgical implantation of transmitters into the coelom. Given that no widely available, immediate-release chemical sedative currently exists in North America, we investigated the feasibility of using electricity to sedate Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush long enough for an experienced surgeon to implant an electronic transmitter (i.e., 180 s). Specifically, our study objectives were to determine (1) whether some combination of electrical waveform characteristics (i.e., duty cycle, frequency, voltage, and pulse type) could sedate Lake Trout for at least 180 s; and (2) whether Lake Trout that were sequentially exposed to continuous DC and pulsed DC had greater rates of spinal injury and short-term mortality than control fish. A Portable Electrosedation System unit was used to sedate hatchery and wild Lake Trout. Dual-frequency pulsed-DC and two-stage approaches successfully sedated Lake Trout and had similar induction and recovery times. Lake Trout sedated using the two-stage approach did not have survival rates or spinal abnormalities that were significantly different from those of control fish. We concluded that electricity was a viable alternative to chemical sedatives for sedating Lake Trout before surgical implantation of an electronic transmitter, but we suggest that Lake Trout and other closely related species (e.g., Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus) may require morphotype-specific electrical waveforms due to their morphological diversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2017.1324544","usgsCitation":"Faust, M.D., Vandergoot, C., Hostnik, E.T., Binder, T., Mida Hinderer, J.L., Ives, J.T., and Krueger, C., 2017, Use of electricity to sedate Lake Trout for intracoelomic implantation of electronic transmitters: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 4, p. 768-777, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1324544.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"768","endPage":"777","ipdsId":"IP-083769","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1324544","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d1de4b062508e3c3644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faust, Matthew D.","contributorId":145776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faust","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher 0000-0003-4128-3329 cvandergoot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-3329","contributorId":178356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","email":"cvandergoot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostnik, Eric T.","contributorId":193488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hostnik","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Binder, Thomas R.","contributorId":21093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binder","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mida Hinderer, Julia L.","contributorId":193489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mida Hinderer","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ives, Jessica T.","contributorId":193490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ives","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188852,"text":"70188852 - 2017 - Tolerance to disturbance regulated by attractiveness of resources: A case study of desert bighorn sheep within the River Mountains, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-26T14:33:28","indexId":"70188852","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tolerance to disturbance regulated by attractiveness of resources: A case study of desert bighorn sheep within the River Mountains, Nevada","docAbstract":"Human activity may mimic predation risks for wildlife by causing abandonment of foraging sites and increasing expenditure of energy. Animals that can tolerate nonlethal disturbance may minimize these fitness costs. We examine this aspect of the risk—disturbance hypothesis by first analyzing recent habitat use of desert bighorn sheep relative to areas of attraction and disturbance. We then compare and contrast sheep responses to differing levels of anthropogenic disturbance between 2 time periods, 30 years apart. Desert bighorn sheep were tolerant of suburban activity when a consistent forage resource (municipal grass) was provided. Males were more tolerant than females, and females returned to natural, steep areas during the birthing season. Increased recreation activity, specifically mountain bike use, may have resulted in avoidance by sheep of otherwise suitable habitat that had been occupied decades earlier, thereby reducing availability of limited habitat. Tolerance increased only when attractiveness was relatively high and decreased as perceived fitness decreased, supporting risk—disturbance theory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum","doi":"10.3398/064.077.0109","usgsCitation":"Lowrey, C.E., and Longshore, K.M., 2017, Tolerance to disturbance regulated by attractiveness of resources: A case study of desert bighorn sheep within the River Mountains, Nevada: Western North American Naturalist, v. 77, no. 1, p. 82-98, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.077.0109.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"98","ipdsId":"IP-081658","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol77/iss1/8","text":"External Repository"},{"id":342909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"River Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.96849060058592,\n 35.88960636579773\n ],\n [\n -114.78034973144531,\n 35.88960636579773\n ],\n [\n -114.78034973144531,\n 36.12678323326426\n ],\n [\n -114.96849060058592,\n 36.12678323326426\n ],\n [\n -114.96849060058592,\n 35.88960636579773\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d1ce4b062508e3c3640","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowrey, Chris E. 0000-0001-5084-7275 clowrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-7275","contributorId":3225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrey","given":"Chris","email":"clowrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":700694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187789,"text":"sir20175046 - 2017 - Streamflow alteration at selected sites in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-26T10:08:21","indexId":"sir20175046","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5046","title":"Streamflow alteration at selected sites in Kansas","docAbstract":"An understanding of streamflow alteration in response to various disturbances is necessary for the effective management of stream habitat for a variety of species in Kansas. Streamflow alteration can have negative ecological effects. Using a modeling approach, streamflow alteration was assessed for 129 selected U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in the State for which requisite streamflow and basin-characteristic information was available. The assessment involved a comparison of the observed condition from 1980 to 2015 with the predicted expected (least-disturbed) condition for 29 streamflow metrics. The metrics represent various characteristics of streamflow including average flow (annual, monthly) and low and high flow (frequency, duration, magnitude).
Streamflow alteration in Kansas was indicated locally, regionally, and statewide. Given the absence of a pronounced trend in annual precipitation in Kansas, a precipitation-related explanation for streamflow alteration was not supported. Thus, the likely explanation for streamflow alteration was human activity. Locally, a flashier flow regime (typified by shorter lag times and more frequent and higher peak discharges) was indicated for three streamgages with urbanized basins that had higher percentages of impervious surfaces than other basins in the State. The combination of localized reservoir effects and regional groundwater pumping from the High Plains aquifer likely was responsible, in part, for diminished conditions indicated for multiple streamflow metrics in western and central Kansas. Statewide, the implementation of agricultural land-management practices to reduce runoff may have been responsible, in part, for a diminished duration and magnitude of high flows. In central and eastern Kansas, implemented agricultural land-management practices may have been partly responsible for an inflated magnitude of low flows at several sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., and Eng, Ken, 2017, Streamflow alteration at selected sites in Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5046, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175046.","productDescription":"vii, 75 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081919","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5046/sir20175046.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5046"},{"id":342693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5046/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049
Acoustic cameras were used to assess the behavior and abundance of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus)-size fish at the entrance to the North Fork Reservoir juvenile fish floating surface collector (FSC). The purpose of the FSC is to collect downriver migrating juvenile salmonids at the North Fork Dam, and safely route them around the hydroelectric projects. The objective of the acoustic camera component of this study was to assess the behaviors of bull trout-size fish observed near the FSC, and to determine if the presence of bull trout-size fish influenced the collection or abundance of juvenile salmonids. Acoustic cameras were deployed near the surface and floor of the entrance to the FSC. The acoustic camera technology was an informative tool for assessing abundance and spatial and temporal behaviors of bull trout-size fish near the entrance of the FSC. Bull trout-size fish were regularly observed near the entrance, with greater abundances on the deep camera than on the shallow camera. Additionally, greater abundances were observed during the hours of sunlight than were observed during the night. Behavioral differences also were observed at the two depths, with surface fish traveling faster and straighter with more directed movement, and fish observed on the deep camera generally showing more milling behavior. Modeling potential predator-prey interactions and influences using collected passive integrated transponder (PIT) -tagged juvenile salmonids proved largely unpredictable, although these fish provided relevant timing and collection information. Overall, the results indicate that bull trout-size fish are present near the entrance of the FSC, concomitant with juvenile salmonids, and their abundances and behaviors indicate that they may be drawn to the entrance of the FSC because of the abundance of prey-sized fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171080","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Portland General Electric","usgsCitation":"Adams, N.S., and Smith, C.D., 2017, Spatial and temporal distribution of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus)-size fish near the floating surface collector in the North Fork Reservoir, Oregon, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1080, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171080.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084992","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342923,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1080/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1080/ofr20171080.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1080"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29714393615721,\n 45.22104488768461\n ],\n [\n -122.24092483520508,\n 45.22104488768461\n ],\n [\n -122.24092483520508,\n 45.24969422012565\n ],\n [\n -122.29714393615721,\n 45.24969422012565\n ],\n [\n -122.29714393615721,\n 45.22104488768461\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a tumor disease of marine turtles associated with Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) that has historically been refractory to growth in tissue culture. Here, we show for the first time de novo formation of ChHV5-positive intranuclear inclusions in cultured green turtle cells, which is indicative for active lytic replication of the virus. The minimal requirements to achieve lytic replication in cultured cells included 1) either in-vitro culturing of ChHV5-positive tumor biopsies (plugs) or organotypic cultures (rafts) consisting of ChHV5-positive turtle fibroblasts in collagen rafts seeded with turtle keratinocytes and 2) keratinocyte maturation induced by raising raft or biopsy cultures to the air-liquid interface. Virus growth was confirmed by detailed electron microscopic studies revealing intranuclear sun-shaped capsid factories, tubules, various stages of capsid formation, nuclear export by budding into the perinuclear space, tegumentation, and envelopment to complete de novo virus production. Membrane synthesis was also observed as a sign for active viral replication. Interestingly, cytoplasmic particles became associated with keratin filaments, a feature not seen in conventional monolayer cell cultures where most studies of herpesvirus replication have been performed. Our findings draw a rich and realistic picture of ChHV5 replication in cells derived from its natural host and may be crucial not only to better understand ChHV5 circulation but also to eventually complete Koch's postulates for FP. Moreover, the principles described here may serve as model to culture other viruses that are resistant to replication in conventional cell culture.
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\"}}]}","volume":"91","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d1de4b062508e3c3642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dagenais, Julie 0000-0001-5560-9946 jdagenais@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-9946","contributorId":5955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dagenais","given":"Julie","email":"jdagenais@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weatherby, Tina","contributorId":193516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weatherby","given":"Tina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":127680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7109,"text":"NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 1845 Wasp Boulevard, Building 176, Honolulu, HI 96818.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ackermann, Mathias","contributorId":127682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackermann","given":"Mathias","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7110,"text":"Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188830,"text":"70188830 - 2017 - Sedimentology, sequence-stratigraphy, and geochemical variations in the Mesoproterozoic Nonesuch Formation, northern Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-26T12:21:48","indexId":"70188830","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentology, sequence-stratigraphy, and geochemical variations in the Mesoproterozoic Nonesuch Formation, northern Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"We use core descriptions and portable X-ray fluorescence analyses to identify lithofacies and stratigraphic surfaces for the Mesoproterozoic Nonesuch Formation within the Ashland syncline, Wisconsin. We group lithofacies into facies associations and construct a sequence stratigraphic framework based on lithofacies stacking and stratigraphic surfaces. The fluvial-alluvial facies association (upper Copper Harbor Conglomerate) is overlain across a transgressive surface by the fluctuating-profundal facies association (lower Nonesuch Formation). The fluctuating-profundal facies association comprises a retrogradational sequence set overlain across a maximum flooding surface by an aggradational-progradational sequence set comprising fluctuating-profundal, fluvial-lacustrine, and fluvial-alluvial facies associations (middle Nonesuch through lower Freda Formations). Lithogeochemistry supports sedimentologic and stratigraphic interpretations. Fe/S molar ratios reflect the oxidation state of the lithofacies; values are most depleted above the maximum flooding surface where lithofacies are chemically reduced and are greatest in the chemically oxidized lithofacies. Si/Al and Zr/Al molar ratios reflect the relative abundance of detrital heavy minerals vs. clay minerals; greater values correlate with larger grain size. Vertical facies association stacking records depositional environments that evolved from fluvial and alluvial, to balanced-fill lake, to overfilled lake, and returning to fluvial and alluvial. Elsewhere in the basin, where accommodation was greatest, some volume of fluvial-lacustrine facies is likely present below the transgressive stratigraphic surface. This succession of continental and lake-basin types indicates a predominant tectonic driver of basin evolution. Lithofacies distribution and geochemistry indicate deposition within an asymmetric half-graben bounded on the east by a west-dipping growth fault. While facies assemblages are lacustrine and continental, periodic marine incursions are probable, especially across maximum transgressive surfaces.
We demonstrate a sequence-stratigraphic approach may be applied to fine-grained Precambrian sediments using traditional rock description and supporting lithogeochemistry. Identification of a characteristic lithofacies succession in Mesoproterozoic sediments demonstrates fundamental controls commonly interpreted for Phanerozoic lake systems may be extended into the Precambrian. These controls result in a predictable association of lithofacies, with distinct physical, biological, and geochemical properties. This has regional significance for carbon sequestration and the distribution of mineral and hydrocarbon resources and broader significance for addressing Mesoproterozoic paleogeographic reconstructions and questions related to the evolution of terrestrial life.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2017.03.023","usgsCitation":"Kingsbury Stewart, E., and Mauk, J.L., 2017, Sedimentology, sequence-stratigraphy, and geochemical variations in the Mesoproterozoic Nonesuch Formation, northern Wisconsin, USA: Precambrian Research, v. 294, p. 111-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.03.023.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"132","ipdsId":"IP-073739","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Mesoproterozoic Nonesuch Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.5,\n 45.7\n ],\n [\n -87.5,\n 45.7\n ],\n [\n -87.5,\n 48.2\n ],\n [\n -93.5,\n 48.2\n ],\n [\n -93.5,\n 45.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"294","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d1de4b062508e3c3646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kingsbury Stewart, Esther","contributorId":193464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kingsbury Stewart","given":"Esther","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mauk, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-6244-2774 jmauk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2774","contributorId":4101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauk","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jmauk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188960,"text":"70188960 - 2017 - Using dynamic population simulations to extend resource selection analyses and prioritize habitats for conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T17:16:09","indexId":"70188960","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using dynamic population simulations to extend resource selection analyses and prioritize habitats for conservation","docAbstract":"Prioritizing habitats for conservation is a challenging task, particularly for species with fluctuating populations and seasonally dynamic habitat needs. Although the use of resource selection models to identify and prioritize habitat for conservation is increasingly common, their ability to characterize important long-term habitats for dynamic populations are variable. To examine how habitats might be prioritized differently if resource selection was directly and dynamically linked with population fluctuations and movement limitations among seasonal habitats, we constructed a spatially explicit individual-based model for a dramatically fluctuating population requiring temporally varying resources. Using greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in Wyoming as a case study, we used resource selection function maps to guide seasonal movement and habitat selection, but emergent population dynamics and simulated movement limitations modified long-term habitat occupancy. We compared priority habitats in RSF maps to long-term simulated habitat use. We examined the circumstances under which the explicit consideration of movement limitations, in combination with population fluctuations and trends, are likely to alter predictions of important habitats. In doing so, we assessed the future occupancy of protected areas under alternative population and habitat conditions. Habitat prioritizations based on resource selection models alone predicted high use in isolated parcels of habitat and in areas with low connectivity among seasonal habitats. In contrast, results based on more biologically-informed simulations emphasized central and connected areas near high-density populations, sometimes predicted to be low selection value. Dynamic models of habitat use can provide additional biological realism that can extend, and in some cases, contradict habitat use predictions generated from short-term or static resource selection analyses. The explicit inclusion of population dynamics and movement propensities via spatial simulation modeling frameworks may provide an informative means of predicting long-term habitat use, particularly for fluctuating populations with complex seasonal habitat needs. Importantly, our results indicate the possible need to consider habitat selection models as a starting point rather than the common end point for refining and prioritizing habitats for protection for cyclic and highly variable populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.05.017","usgsCitation":"Heinrichs, J.A., Aldridge, C.L., O’Donnell, M.S., and Schumaker, N., 2017, Using dynamic population simulations to extend resource selection analyses and prioritize habitats for conservation: Ecological Modelling, v. 359, p. 449-459, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.05.017.","productDescription":"11 p. 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aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":701725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Donnell, Michael S. 0000-0002-3488-003X odonnellm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-003X","contributorId":140876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Michael","email":"odonnellm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":701726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schumaker, 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in the Midwestern United States (US) in 2015 was historic due to the number of birds and poultry operations impacted and the corresponding economic loss to the poultry industry and was the largest animal health emergency in US history. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), with the assistance of several state and federal agencies, aided the response to the outbreak by developing a study to determine the extent of virus transport in the environment. The study goals were to: develop the appropriate sampling methods and protocols for measuring avian influenza virus (AIV) in groundwater, provide the first baseline data on AIV and outbreak- and poultry-related contaminant occurrence and movement into groundwater, and document climatological factors that may have affected both survival and transport of AIV to groundwater during the months of the 2015 outbreak. While site selection was expedient, there were often delays in sample response times due to both relationship building between agencies, groups, and producers and logistical time constraints. This study's design and sampling process highlights the unpredictable nature of disease outbreaks and the corresponding difficulty in environmental sampling of such events. The lessons learned, including field protocols and approaches, can be used to improve future research on AIV in the environment.
Sylvatic plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, frequently afflicts prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), causing population declines and local extirpations. We tested the effectiveness of bait-delivered sylvatic plague vaccine (SPV) in prairie dog colonies on 29 paired placebo and treatment plots (1–59 ha in size; average 16.9 ha) in 7 western states from 2013 to 2015. We compared relative abundance (using catch per unit effort (CPUE) as an index) and apparent survival of prairie dogs on 26 of the 29 paired plots, 12 with confirmed or suspected plague (Y. pestis positive carcasses or fleas). Even though plague mortality occurred in prairie dogs on vaccine plots, SPV treatment had an overall positive effect on CPUE in all three years, regardless of plague status. Odds of capturing a unique animal were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [C.I.] 1.02–1.19) times higher per trap day on vaccine-treated plots than placebo plots in 2013, 1.47 (95% C.I. 1.41–1.52) times higher in 2014 and 1.19 (95% C.I. 1.13–1.25) times higher in 2015. On pairs where plague occurred, odds of apparent survival were 1.76 (95% Bayesian credible interval [B.C.I.] 1.28–2.43) times higher on vaccine plots than placebo plots for adults and 2.41 (95% B.C.I. 1.72–3.38) times higher for juveniles. Our results provide evidence that consumption of vaccine-laden baits can protect prairie dogs against plague; however, further evaluation and refinement are needed to optimize SPV use as a management tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-017-1253-x","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Tripp, D.W., Russell, R.E., Abbott, R.C., Richgels, K., Matchett, M.R., Biggins, D.E., Griebel, R., Schroeder, G., Grassel, S.M., Pipkin, D.R., Cordova, J., Kavalunas, A., Maxfield, B., Boulerice, J.T., and Miller, M.W., 2017, Sylvatic plague vaccine partially protects prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) in field trials: EcoHealth, v. 14, no. 3, p. 438-450, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1253-x.","productDescription":"13 p.; Data Release","startPage":"438","endPage":"450","ipdsId":"IP-080843","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469736,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1253-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438292,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7B56GXM","text":"USGS data 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R.","contributorId":193409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Griebel, Randall","contributorId":193410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griebel","given":"Randall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schroeder, Greg","contributorId":193411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grassel, Shaun M.","contributorId":150648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grassel","given":"Shaun","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pipkin, David R.","contributorId":193412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pipkin","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cordova, Jennifer","contributorId":73496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordova","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kavalunas, Adam","contributorId":193413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kavalunas","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Maxfield, Brian","contributorId":193414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maxfield","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Boulerice, Jesse T.","contributorId":193415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boulerice","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Miller, Michael W.","contributorId":140308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13449,"text":"Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70188481,"text":"fs20173044 - 2017 - Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with petroleum production from the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-24T11:30:05","indexId":"fs20173044","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T18:25:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3044","title":"Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with petroleum production from the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2016","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has completed an assessment of water and proppant requirements and water production associated with the possible future production of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Three Forks and Bakken Formations (Late Devonian to Early Mississippian) of the Williston Basin Province in Montana and North Dakota. This water and proppant assessment is directly linked to the geology-based assessment of the undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous oil and gas resources that is described in USGS Fact Sheet 2013–3013.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173044","usgsCitation":"Haines, S.S., Varela, B.A., Hawkins, S.J., Gianoutsos, N.J., Thamke, J.N., Engle, M.A., Tennyson, M.E., Schenk, C.J., Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., Kinney, S.A., Mercier, T.J., and Martinez, C.D., 2017, Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with petroleum production from the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3044, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173044.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-086605","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438293,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97TXFRB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Input forms for 2016 water and proppant assessment of the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin, USA"},{"id":342809,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151117","text":"Open-File Report 2015–1117: Methodology for Assessing Quantities of Water and Proppant Injection, and Water Production Associated with Development of Continuous Petroleum Accumulations"},{"id":342810,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3013/","text":"Fact Sheet 2013–3013: Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013"},{"id":342808,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143010","text":"Fact Sheet 2014–3010: A Framework for Assessing Water and Proppant Use and Flowback Water Extraction Associated with Development of Continuous Petroleum Resources"},{"id":342807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3044/fs20173044.pdf","text":"Report","size":"708 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3044"},{"id":342806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3044/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Bakken Formation and Three Forks Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.63427734374999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -106.98486328124999,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 48.356249029540734\n ],\n [\n -106.32568359375,\n 48.004625021133904\n ],\n [\n -105.6884765625,\n 47.85740289465826\n ],\n [\n -104.8974609375,\n 47.54687159892238\n ],\n [\n -104.32617187499999,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -103.73291015625,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n -103.24951171875,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -102.72216796875,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -102.48046875,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -101.953125,\n 47.234489635299184\n ],\n [\n -101.84326171875,\n 47.3834738721015\n ],\n [\n -102.63427734374999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Geospatial Program is scanning published USGS 1:250,000-scale and larger topographic maps printed between 1884, the inception of the topographic mapping program, and 2006. The goal of this project, which began publishing the Historical Topographic Map Collection in 2011, is to provide access to a digital repository of USGS topographic maps that is available to the public at no cost. For more than 125 years, USGS topographic maps have accurately portrayed the complex geography of the Nation. The USGS is the Nation’s largest producer of traditional topographic maps, and, prior to 2006, USGS topographic maps were created using traditional cartographic methods and printed using a lithographic process. The next generation of topographic maps, US Topo, is being released by the USGS in digital form, and newer technologies make it possible to also deliver historical maps in the same electronic format that is more publicly accessible.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173048","usgsCitation":"Fishburn, K.A., Davis, L.R., and Allord, G.J., 2017, Scanning and georeferencing historical USGS quadrangles: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3048, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173048.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-085775","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3048/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342735,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173045","text":"US Topo—Topographic maps for the Nation"},{"id":342734,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3048/fs20173048.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3048"}],"contact":"National Geospatial Program
Historical Topographic Map Collection
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
Building on the success of 125 years of mapping, the U.S. Geological Survey created US Topo, a georeferenced digital map produced from The National Map data. US Topo maps are designed to be used like the traditional 7.5-minute quadrangle paper topographic maps for which the U.S. Geological Survey is so well known. However, in contrast to paper-based maps, US Topo maps provide modern technological advantages that support faster, wider public distribution and basic, onscreen geospatial analysis, including the georeferencing capability to display the ground coordinate location as the user moves the cursor around the map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173045","usgsCitation":"Fishburn, K.A., and Carswell, W.J., Jr., 2017, US Topo—Topographic maps for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3045, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173045. ","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-085697","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342742,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173048","text":"Scanning and Georeferencing Historical USGS Quadrangles"},{"id":342740,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3045/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342741,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3045/fs20173045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3045"}],"contact":"National Geospatial Program
US Topo—Maps for America
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
The North American Cordillera is home to a greater diversity of volcanic provinces than any comparably sized region in the world. The interplay between changing plate-margin interactions, tectonic complexity, intra-crustal magma differentiation, and mantle melting have resulted in a wealth of volcanic landscapes. Field trips in this guide book collection (published as USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022) visit many of these landscapes, including (1) active subduction-related arc volcanoes in the Cascade Range; (2) flood basalts of the Columbia Plateau; (3) bimodal volcanism of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone volcanic system; (4) some of the world’s largest known ignimbrites from southern Utah, central Colorado, and northern Nevada; (5) extension-related volcanism in the Rio Grande Rift and Basin and Range Province; and (6) the eastern Sierra Nevada featuring Long Valley Caldera and the iconic Bishop Tuff. Some of the field trips focus on volcanic eruptive and emplacement processes, calling attention to the fact that the western United States provides opportunities to examine a wide range of volcanological phenomena at many scales.
The 2017 Scientific Assembly of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI) in Portland, Oregon, was the impetus to update field guides for many of the volcanoes in the Cascades Arc, as well as publish new guides for numerous volcanic provinces and features of the North American Cordillera. This collection of guidebooks summarizes decades of advances in understanding of magmatic and tectonic processes of volcanic western North America.
These field guides are intended for future generations of scientists and the general public as introductions to these fascinating areas; the hope is that the general public will be enticed toward further exploration and that scientists will pursue further field-based research.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342833,"rank":2,"type":{"id":13,"text":"Illustration"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/sir20175022_map.pdf","text":"Field-trip overview map","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022"}],"contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Polyacrylamide has become an effective tool for reducing construction-related suspended sediment and turbidity, which are considered to have significant adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems and are a leading cause of the degradation of North American streams and rivers. However, little is known about the effects of polyacrylamide on many freshwater organisms, and prior to the present study, no information existed on the toxicity of polyacrylamide compounds to native freshwater mussels (family Unionidae), one of the most imperiled faunal groups globally. Following standard test guidelines, we exposed juvenile mussels (test duration 96 h) and glochidia larvae (test duration 24 h) to 5 different anionic polyacrylamide compounds and 1 non-ionic compound. Species tested included the yellow lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa), an Atlantic Slope species that is listed as endangered in North Carolina; the Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana), a federally endangered Interior Basin species; and the washboard (Megalonaias nervosa), a common Interior Basin species. We found that median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of polyacrylamide ranged from 411.7 to >1000 mg/L for glochidia and from 126.8 to >1000 mg/L for juveniles. All LC50s were orders of magnitude greater (2–3) than concentrations typically recommended for turbidity control (1–5 mg/L), regardless of their molecular weight or charge density. The results demonstrate that the polyacrylamide compounds tested were not acutely toxic to the mussel species and life stages tested, indicating minimal risk of short-term exposure from polyacrylamide applications in the environment. However, other potential uses of polyacrylamide in the environment (e.g., wastewater treatment, paper processing, mining, algae removal) and their chronic or sublethal effects remain uncertain and warrant additional investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/etc.3821","usgsCitation":"Buczek, S.B., Cope, W., McLaughlin, R.A., and Kwak, T.J., 2017, Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 10, p. 2715-2721, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3821.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2715","endPage":"2721","ipdsId":"IP-086264","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425b6e4b0dc0b45b4534a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buczek, Sean B.","contributorId":200188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buczek","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":33914,"text":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cope, W. Gregory","contributorId":70353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W. Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLaughlin, Richard A.","contributorId":200189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33914,"text":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188753,"text":"70188753 - 2017 - Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans in the Gulf Coast Waterdog, Necturus beyeri, from Southeast Louisiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T15:50:47","indexId":"70188753","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans in the Gulf Coast Waterdog, Necturus beyeri, from Southeast Louisiana, USA","docAbstract":"The globally widespread amphibian fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been linked to amphibian declines worldwide (Lips et al. 2006; Skerratt et al. 2007). In Louisiana, USA, Bd has been found in several amphibian species (Chatfield et al. 2012; Rothermel et al. 2008), but to our knowledge no population-level die-offs have been observed. Published literature on Bd prevalence in Louisiana is scant for some amphibian species and completely absent for many others. This trend is likely driven by the perception that Bd is not a major problem in this area due to a lack of observed dieoffs attributable to chytridiomycosis.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Glorioso, B.M., Waddle, J., and Richards-Zawacki, C.L., 2017, Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans in the Gulf Coast Waterdog, Necturus beyeri, from Southeast Louisiana, USA: Herpetological Review, v. 48, no. 2, p. 360-363.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"363","ipdsId":"IP-084027","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594e28b3e4b062508e3abe1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414 gloriosob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":4241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","email":"gloriosob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":168952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":699729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.","contributorId":193276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richards-Zawacki","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188789,"text":"70188789 - 2017 - The Niobrara Formation as a challenge to water quality in the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T15:28:28","indexId":"70188789","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Niobrara Formation as a challenge to water quality in the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Study region
Arkansas River, east of the Rocky Mountains.
Study focus
Cretaceous sedimentary rocks in the western United States generally pose challenges to water quality, often through mobilization of salts and trace metals by irrigation. However, in the Arkansas River Basin of Colorado, patchy exposure of multiple Cretaceous formations has made it difficult to identify which formations are most problematic. This paper examines water quality in surface-water inflows along a 26-km reach of the Arkansas River relative to the presence or absence of the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation within the watershed.
New hydrological insights for the region
Principal component analysis (PCA) shows Niobrara-influenced inflows have distinctive geochemistry, particularly with respect to Na, Mg, SO42−, and Se. Uranium concentrations are also greater in Niobrara-influenced inflows. During the irrigation season, median dissolved solids, Se, and U concentrations in Niobrara-influenced inflows were 83%, 646%, and 55%, respectively, greater than medians where Niobrara Formation surface exposures were absent. During the non-irrigation season, which better reflects geologic influence, the differences were more striking. Median dissolved solids, Se, and U concentrations in Niobrara-influenced inflows were 288%, 863%, and 155%, respectively, greater than median concentrations where the Niobrara Formation was absent. Identification of the Niobrara Formation as a disproportionate source for dissolved solids, Se, and U will allow for more targeted studies and management, particularly where exposures underlie irrigated agriculture.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.05.001","usgsCitation":"Bern, C.R., and Stogner, 2017, The Niobrara Formation as a challenge to water quality in the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 12, p. 181-195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.05.001.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-081119","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.05.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.3369140625,\n 38.33196157898413\n ],\n [\n -104.94964599609374,\n 38.33196157898413\n ],\n [\n -104.94964599609374,\n 38.5213096674994\n ],\n [\n -105.3369140625,\n 38.5213096674994\n ],\n [\n -105.3369140625,\n 38.33196157898413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594e28b1e4b062508e3abe13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. 0000-0002-8980-1781 cbern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-1781","contributorId":166816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":700374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stogner 0000-0002-3185-1452 rstogner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1452","contributorId":938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stogner","email":"rstogner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":700375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189646,"text":"70189646 - 2017 - Evidence of fuels management and fire weather influencing fire severity in an extreme fire event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T12:53:15","indexId":"70189646","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of fuels management and fire weather influencing fire severity in an extreme fire event","docAbstract":"Following changes in vegetation structure and pattern, along with a changing climate, large wildfire incidence has increased in forests throughout the western U.S. Given this increase there is great interest in whether fuels treatments and previous wildfire can alter fire severity patterns in large wildfires. We assessed the relative influence of previous fuels treatments (including wildfire), fire weather, vegetation and water balance on fire severity in the Rim Fire of 2013. We did this at three different spatial scales to investigate whether the influences on fire severity changed across scales. Both fuels treatments and previous low to moderate severity wildfire reduced the prevalence of high severity fire. In general, areas without recent fuels treatments and areas that previously burned at high severity tended to have a greater proportion of high severity fire in the Rim Fire. Areas treated with prescribed fire, especially when combined with thinning, had the lowest proportions of high severity. Proportion of the landscape burned at high severity was most strongly influenced by fire weather and proportional area previously treated for fuels or burned by low to moderate severity wildfire. The proportion treated needed to effectively reduce the amount of high fire severity fire varied by spatial scale of analysis, with smaller spatial scales requiring a greater proportion treated to see an effect on fire severity. When moderate and high severity fire encountered a previously treated area, fire severity was significantly reduced in the treated area relative to the adjacent untreated area. Our results show that fuels treatments and low to moderate severity wildfire can reduce fire severity in a subsequent wildfire, even when burning under fire growth conditions. These results serve as further evidence that both fuels treatments and lower severity wildfire can increase forest resilience.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1586","usgsCitation":"Lydersen, J., Collins, B.M., Brooks, M.L., Matchett, J.R., Shive, K.L., Povak, N.A., Kane, V.R., and Smith, D., 2017, Evidence of fuels management and fire weather influencing fire severity in an extreme fire event: Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 7, p. 2013-2030, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1586.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2013","endPage":"2030","ipdsId":"IP-084221","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344045,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Stanislaus National Forest, Yosemite National Park ","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.319948,37.550566 ], [ -120.319948,38.250044 ], [ -119.629869,38.250044 ], [ -119.629869,37.550566 ], [ -120.319948,37.550566 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb5e4b0d1f9f065a882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lydersen, Jamie M","contributorId":194876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lydersen","given":"Jamie M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, Brandon M.","contributorId":127850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7169,"text":"USDA Forest Service, UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, John R. 0000-0002-2905-6468 jmatchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-6468","contributorId":1669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"John","email":"jmatchett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shive, Kristen L.","contributorId":194877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shive","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Povak, Nicholas A.","contributorId":194878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Povak","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kane, Van R.","contributorId":194879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kane","given":"Van","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smith, Douglas F.","contributorId":181753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70188470,"text":"ofr20171070 - 2017 - Juvenile salmonid monitoring in the White Salmon River, Washington, post-Condit Dam removal, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-24T10:59:14","indexId":"ofr20171070","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1070","title":"Juvenile salmonid monitoring in the White Salmon River, Washington, post-Condit Dam removal, 2016","docAbstract":"Condit Dam, at river kilometer 5.3 on the White Salmon River, Washington, was breached in 2011 and removed completely in 2012, allowing anadromous salmonids access to habitat that had been blocked for nearly 100 years. A multi-agency workgroup concluded that the preferred salmonid restoration alternative was natural recolonization with monitoring to assess efficacy, followed by a management evaluation 5 years after dam removal. Limited monitoring of salmon and steelhead spawning has occurred since 2011, but no monitoring of juveniles occurred until 2016. During 2016, we operated a rotary screw trap at river kilometer 2.3 (3 kilometers downstream of the former dam site) from late March through May and used backpack electrofishing during summer to assess juvenile salmonid distribution and abundance. The screw trap captured primarily steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss; smolts, parr, and fry) and coho salmon (O. kisutch; smolts and fry). We estimated the number of steelhead smolts at 3,851 (standard error = 1,454) and coho smolts at 1,093 (standard error = 412). In this document, we refer to O. mykiss caught at the screw trap as steelhead because they were actively migrating, but because we did not know migratory status of O. mykiss caught in electrofishing surveys, we simply refer to them as O. mykiss or steelhead/rainbow trout. Steelhead and coho smolts tagged with passive integrated transponder tags were subsequently detected downstream at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River. Few Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) fry were captured, possibly as a result of trap location or effects of a December 2015 flood. Sampling in Mill, Buck, and Rattlesnake Creeks (all upstream of the former dam site) showed that juvenile coho were present in Mill and Buck Creeks, suggesting spawning had occurred there. We compared O. mykiss abundance data in sites on Buck and Rattlesnake Creeks to pre-dam removal data. During 2016, age-0 O. mykiss were more abundant in Buck Creek than in 2009 or 2010, though age-1 and older O. mykiss abundance was similar. In Rattlesnake Creek, age-0 O. mykiss abundance during 2016 slightly exceeded the mean abundance from 2001 through 2005, although age-1 and older O. mykiss abundance was lower than from 2001 through 2005. These sampling efforts also provided the opportunity to collect genetic samples to investigate parental and stock origin, although funding to analyze the samples was not part of this grant. Juvenile salmonid sampling efforts during 2016 have shown that natural spawning produced steelhead and coho smolts and that coho were colonizing some tributaries. The 2016 efforts also provided the first post-dam juvenile abundance estimates. We hope to continue monitoring to better understand abundance trends, distribution, and life history patterns of recolonizing salmonids in the White Salmon River to assess efficacy of natural recolonization and to inform management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171070","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Mid-Columbia Fisheries Enhancement Group","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I.G., and Hardiman, J.M., 2017, Juvenile salmonid monitoring in the White Salmon River, Washington, post-Condit Dam removal, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1070, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171070.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-083906","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1070/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342775,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1070/ofr20171070.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1070"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"White Salmon River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.75460815429686,\n 45.64428817847555\n ],\n [\n -121.27258300781251,\n 45.64428817847555\n ],\n [\n -121.27258300781251,\n 45.99076013759662\n ],\n [\n -121.75460815429686,\n 45.99076013759662\n ],\n [\n -121.75460815429686,\n 45.64428817847555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275-3718
The Columbia River Basalt Group covers an area of more than 210,000 km2 with an estimated volume of 210,000 km3. As the youngest continental flood-basalt province on Earth (16.7–5.5 Ma), it is well preserved, with a coherent and detailed stratigraphy exposed in the deep canyonlands of eastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. The Columbia River flood-basalt province is often cited as a model for the study of similar provinces worldwide.
This field-trip guide explores the main source region of the Columbia River Basalt Group and is written for trip participants attending the 2017 International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI) Scientific Assembly in Portland, Oregon, USA. The first part of the guide provides an overview of the geologic features common in the Columbia River flood-basalt province and the stratigraphic terminology used in the Columbia River Basalt Group. The accompanying road log examines the stratigraphic evolution, eruption history, and structure of the province through a field examination of the lavas, dikes, and pyroclastic rocks of the Columbia River Basalt Group.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022N","usgsCitation":"Camp, V.E., Reidel, S.P., Ross, M.E., Brown, R.J., and Self, S., 2017, Field-trip guide to the vents, dikes, stratigraphy, and structure of the Columbia River Basalt Group, eastern Oregon and southeastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–N, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022N.","productDescription":"Report: x, 88 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076082","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342752,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/n/sir20175022n.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022 N"},{"id":342749,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/n/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":" United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -116.6666,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -116.6666,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
This guidebook describes stops of interest for a geological field trip around Mount Hood volcano. It was developed for the 2017 International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI) Scientific Assembly in Portland, Oregon. The intent of this guidebook and accompanying contributions is to provide an overview of Mount Hood, including its chief geologic processes, magmatic system, eruptive history, local tectonics, and hazards, by visiting a variety of readily accessible localities. We also describe coeval, largely monogenetic, volcanoes in the region. Accompanying the field-trip guidebook are separately authored contributions that discuss in detail the Mount Hood magmatic system and its products and behavior (Kent and Koleszar, this volume); Mount Hood earthquakes and their relation to regional tectonics and the volcanic system (Thelen and Moran, this volume); and young surface faults cutting the broader Mount Hood area whose extent has come to light after acquisition of regional light detection and ranging coverage (Madin and others, this volume).
The trip makes an approximately 175-mile (280-kilometer) clockwise loop around Mount Hood, starting and ending in Portland. The route heads east on Interstate 84 through the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area. The guidebook points out only a few conspicuous features of note in the gorge, but many other guides to the gorge are available. The route continues south on the Mount Hood National Scenic Byway on Oregon Route 35 following Hood River, and returns to Portland on U.S. Highway 26 following Sandy River. The route traverses rocks as old as the early Miocene Eagle Creek Formation and overlying Columbia River Basalt Group of middle Miocene age, but chiefly lava flows and clastic products of arc volcanism of late Miocene to Holocene age.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022G","usgsCitation":"Scott, W.E., and Gardner, C.A., 2017, Field-trip guide to Mount Hood, Oregon, highlighting eruptive history and hazards: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–G, 115 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022g.","productDescription":"xii, 115 p.","numberOfPages":"132","ipdsId":"IP-077540","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342738,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/g/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":342761,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/g/sir20175022g.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022 G"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Mount 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Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Large carnivores are depicted to shape entire ecosystems through top-down processes. Studies describing these processes are often used to support interventionist wildlife management practices, including carnivore reintroduction or lethal control programs. Unfortunately, there is an increasing tendency to ignore, disregard or devalue fundamental principles of the scientific method when communicating the reliability of current evidence for the ecological roles that large carnivores may play, eroding public confidence in large carnivore science and scientists. Here, we discuss six interrelated issues that currently undermine the reliability of the available literature on the ecological roles of large carnivores: (1) the overall paucity of available data, (2) reliability of carnivore population sampling techniques, (3) general disregard for alternative hypotheses to top-down forcing, (4) lack of applied science studies, (5) frequent use of logical fallacies, and (6) generalisation of results from relatively pristine systems to those substantially altered by humans. We first describe how widespread these issues are, and given this, show, for example, that evidence for the roles of wolves (Canis lupus) and dingoes (Canis lupus dingo) in initiating trophic cascades is not as strong as is often claimed. Managers and policy makers should exercise caution when relying on this literature to inform wildlife management decisions. We emphasise the value of manipulative experiments and discuss the role of scientific knowledge in the decision-making process. We hope that the issues we raise here prompt deeper consideration of actual evidence, leading towards an improvement in both the rigour and communication of large carnivore science.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2017.02.008","usgsCitation":"Allen, B.L., Allen, L.R., Andren, H., Ballard, G., Boitani, L., Engeman, R., Fleming, P.J., Haswell, P.M., Ford, A.T., Kowalczyk, R., Linnell, J., Mech, L.D., and Parker, D.M., 2017, Can we save large carnivores without losing large carnivore science?: Food Webs, v. 12, p. 64-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2017.02.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-081591","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutputs/can-we-save-large-carnivores-without-losing-large-carnivore-science(99119441-5301-469d-a9fd-bd132f9067df).html","text":"External Repository"},{"id":342755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594cd73de4b062508e3951c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Benjamin L.","contributorId":193210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Lee R.","contributorId":193219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andren, Henrik","contributorId":193220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andren","given":"Henrik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ballard, Guy","contributorId":193221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boitani, Luigi","contributorId":193211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boitani","given":"Luigi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engeman, Richard M.","contributorId":39301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engeman","given":"Richard M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleming, Peter J.S.","contributorId":193222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleming","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Haswell, Peter M.","contributorId":193224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haswell","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ford, Adam T.","contributorId":193223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kowalczyk, Rafal","contributorId":193212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kowalczyk","given":"Rafal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Linnell, John","contributorId":193225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linnell","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Parker, Daniel M.","contributorId":193226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ]}