The contents of this Annual Report summarize results of monitoring and research from the 2006 field season. The report also contains a summary of nuisance grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) management actions.
\nThe Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) continues to work on issues associated with counts of unduplicated females with cubs-of- the-year (COY). These counts are used to establish a minimum population size, which is then used to establish mortality thresholds for the Recovery Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS] 1993). After considerable delays due to programming issues, a computer program that defines the rule set used by Knight et al. (1995) to differentiate unique family groups was development and tested in 2005 and 2006. Simulations using observations of collared females with COY were randomly sampled to generate datasets of observations of random females with COY. These datasets were then run though the simulations program to test the accuracy of the rules. Data are currently being summarized. This project has been completed and a manuscript was submitted to the Journal of Wildlife Management.
\nThe grizzly bear recovery plan (USFWS 1993) established human-caused mortality quotas. We used the latest information on reproduction and survival to estimate population trajectory in the same simulation model originally used by Harris (1984). A Wildlife Monographs was published in 2006. Additionally, the study team, in cooperation with several quantitative experts, reassessed how population size is indexed and how sustainable mortality rates are established. A draft report was presented to the Yellowstone Ecosystem Subcommittee in spring 2005. It was published as part of the USFWS Delisting Rule (Federal Register Vol. 70, No. 221, Nov. 17, 2005, 69853–69884) and subjected to public comment. This workshop document can be found at http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/mammals/grizzly/yellowstone.htm. During the summer of 2006, a second workshop was held to address public comment and professional peer review. The result of this workshop was a supplement to the 2005 workshop document. This supplement can be found at http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/mammals/grizzly/yellowstone.htm under the link Revised Methods to Estimate Population Size and Sustainable Mortality Limits. Results of those estimates are provided in Appendix A.
\nOur project addressing the potential application of stable isotopes and trace elements to quantify consumption rates of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) by grizzly bears was completed. Our manuscript on consumption rates of whitebark pine was published in the Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:763-770. Results of the mercury studies were also published in the Canadian Journal of Zoology 82:493–501. Copies can be found on the IGBST website http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/research/igbst-home.htm. Based upon this work, we submitted a proposal to analyze all historic tissue samples from grizzly bears in the ecosystem. That proposal was funded and samples have been sent to a lab for isotopic analysis. We hope to have those results in early 2008.
\nResults of DNA hair snaring work conducted on Yellowstone Lake were submitted and published in the Journal Ursus (Haroldson et al. 2005). Results of this study conducted from 1997–2000 showed a decline in fish use by grizzly bears when compared to earlier work conducted by Reinhart (1990) in 1985–1987. As a consequence, the IGBST submitted a proposal to the National Park Service and received 3 years funding to repeat that work. This project began in 2007. There are 2 graduate students and several field technicians working on the program.
\nWe completed the final field season in Grand Teton National Park evaluating habitat use both temporally and spatially between grizzly and black bears (Ursus americanus). We continue to use GPS technology that incorporates a spread spectrum communication system. Spread spectrum allows for transfer of stored GPS locations from the collar to a remote receiving station. Results of the 2006 field season are reported here. We plan to complete the final report in late 2007.
\nWe continued to monitor the health of whitebark pine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) in cooperation with the Greater Yellowstone Whitebark Pine Monitoring Working Group. A summary of the 2006 monitoring is also presented (Appendix B).
\nThe IGBST uses counts of winter-killed ungulates to index spring carcass abundance for grizzly bears. Likewise, we use wier counts and stream surveys to index cutthroat trout abundance. We ask Dr. Steve Cherry, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University-Bozeman, to review the protocols and make recommendations for improving them. That review and recommendations are presented in Appendix C.
\nFinally, the state of Wyoming, following recommendations from the Yellowstone Ecosystem Subcommittee and the IGBST, launched the Bear Wise Community Effort. The focus is to minimize human/bear conflicts, minimize human-caused bear mortalities associated with conflicts, and safeguard the human community. Results of these efforts are detailed in Appendix D.
\nThe annual reports of the IGBST summarize annual data collection. Because additional information can be obtained after publication, data summaries are subject to change. For that reason, data analyses and summaries presented in this report supersede all previously published data. The study area and sampling techniques are reported by Blanchard (1985), Mattson et al. (1991 a), and Haroldson et al. (1998).
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team","usgsCitation":"2007, Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations: Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2006: Annual Report, 68 p.","productDescription":"68 p.","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6266a697d34e76103cce5808?f=__disk__62%2F77%2F68%2F627768e4d94681a6b816fe22832ab40ec615ef4a","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.68701171875,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -109.27001953125,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -109.27001953125,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -111.68701171875,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -111.68701171875,\n 42.85985981506279\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567147f6e4b09cfe53ca7d90","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Charles C.","contributorId":124574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5119,"text":"Retired from U.S. Geological Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582397,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582398,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, Karrie K. karrie_west@usgs.gov","contributorId":4055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Karrie","email":"karrie_west@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":582399,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70121082,"text":"70121082 - 2007 - USGS Tampa Bay Pilot Study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T14:23:39","indexId":"70121082","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T13:12:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"USGS Tampa Bay Pilot Study","docAbstract":"Many of the nation's estuaries have been environmentally stressed since the turn of the 20th century and will continue to be impacted in the future. Tampa Bay, one the Gulf of Mexico's largest estuaries, exemplifies the threats that our estuaries face (EPA Report 2001, Tampa Bay Estuary Program-Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (TBEP-CCMP)). More than 2 million people live in the Tampa Bay watershed, and the population constitutes to grow. Demand for freshwater resources, conversion of undeveloped areas to resident and industrial uses, increases in storm-water runoff, and increased air pollution from urban and industrial sources are some of the known human activities that impact Tampa Bay. Beginning on 2001, additional anthropogenic modifications began in Tampa Bat including construction of an underwater gas pipeline and a desalinization plant, expansion of existing ports, and increased freshwater withdrawal from three major tributaries to the bay.
\nIn January of 2001, the Tampa Bay Estuary Program (TBEP) and its partners identifies a critical need for participation from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in providing multidisciplinary expertise and a regional-scale, integrated science approach to address complex scientific research issue and critical scientific information gaps that are necessary for continued restoration and preservation of Tampa Bay. Tampa Bay stakeholders identified several critical science gaps for which USGS expertise was needed (Yates et al. 2001). These critical science gaps fall under four topical categories (or system components): 1) water and sediment quality, 2) hydrodynamics, 3) geology and geomorphology, and 4) ecosystem structure and function. Scientists and resource managers participating in Tampa Bay studies recognize that it is no longer sufficient to simply examine each of these estuarine system components individually, Rather, the interrelation among system components must be understood to develop conceptual and predictive modeling tools for effective ecosystem adaptive management. As a multidisciplinary organization, the USGS possesses the capability of developing and coordinating an integrated science strategy for estuarine research founded on partnerships and collaborative efforts, multidisciplinary teams of scientists, and integrated field work, data analysis and interpretation, and product development. The primary role of the USGS in Tamps Bay research was defined with our partners based upon this capability to address estuarine issues using an integrated science approach with a regional perspective and within a national context to complement the numerous ongoing scien efforts by state and local agencies that address local issues within Tamp Bay. Six primary components of the USGS Tamp Bay Study address critical gaps within each of the the four estuarine system components and focus on:
\n1.) Examining how natural and man-made \nphysical changes affect ecosystem health \nthrough mapping and modeling.
\n2.) Identifying sources and quality of \ngroundwater, surface water, and \nsediment,
\n3.) Identifying sources and quality of \ngroundwater, surface water, and \nsediment,
\n4.) Assessing the natural and man-made \nchanges affecting wetland health and \nrestoration,
\n5.) Identifying and measuring the impact of \nurbanization on seafloor habitats,
\nProviding a web-based digital \ninformation management system of information for scientists and the public, \nincluding a system that supports the work \nof those officials who must make \ndecisions that affect the state of the bay.
\nThe Tampa Bay Study is in its sixth year and will \ncontinue through September 2007. This paper \npresents a non-inclusive summary of key findings \nassociated with the six primary project \ncomponents listed above. Component 4 (above) is \ndescribed in detail in the following chapter 13. \nMore information on the Tampa Bay Study is \navailable from our on-line digital information \nsystem for the Tampa Bay Study at \nhttp://gulfsci.usgs.gov.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Baywide Environmental Monitoring Report, 2002-2005","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Tampa Bay Estuary Program","publisherLocation":"St. Petersburg, FL","usgsCitation":"Yates, K.K., Cronin, T.M., Crane, M., Hansen, M., Nayeghandi, A., Swarzenski, P., Edgar, T., Brooks, G.R., Suthard, B., Hine, A., Locker, S., Willard, D., Hastings, D., Flower, B., Hollander, D., Larson, R., and Smith, K., 2007, USGS Tampa Bay Pilot Study, 17 p.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"13-1","endPage":"13-17","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.881921,27.346605 ], [ -82.881921,28.096584 ], [ -82.301152,28.096584 ], [ -82.301152,27.346605 ], [ -82.881921,27.346605 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464d0e4b073ff773a7d7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yates, K. K.","contributorId":108056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crane, M.","contributorId":86957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crane","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, M.","contributorId":34670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nayeghandi, A.","contributorId":91792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayeghandi","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swarzenski, P. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":49156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edgar, T.","contributorId":70595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brooks, G. R.","contributorId":96312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Suthard, B.","contributorId":103105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suthard","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hine, A.","contributorId":96107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hine","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Locker, S.","contributorId":72218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locker","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hastings, D.","contributorId":43186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Flower, B.","contributorId":51116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flower","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hollander, D.","contributorId":52417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollander","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Larson, R.A.","contributorId":58786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Smith, K.","contributorId":100578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70100993,"text":"ofr20071047SRP090 - 2007 - Seismic facies and stratigraphy of the Cenozoic succession in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Implications for tectonic, climatic and glacial history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T15:58:42","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP090","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T13:08:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-090","title":"Seismic facies and stratigraphy of the Cenozoic succession in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Implications for tectonic, climatic and glacial history","docAbstract":"A new stratigraphic model is presented for the evolution of the Cenozoic Victoria Land Basin of the West \nAntarctic Rift, based on integration of seismic reflection and drilling data. The Early Rift phase (?latest Eocene to Early \nOligocene) comprises wedges of strata confined by early extensional faults, and which contain seismic facies consistent \nwith drainage via coarse-grained fans and deltas into discrete, actively subsiding grabens and half-grabens. The Main \nRift phase (Early Oligocene to Early Miocene) comprises a lens of strata that thickens symmetrically from the basin \nmargins into a central depocenter, and in which stratal events pass continuously over the top of the Early Rift \nextensional topography. Internal seismic facies and lithofacies indicate a more organized, cyclical shallow marine \nsuccession, influenced increasingly upward by cycles of glacial advance and retreat into the basin. The Passive Thermal \nSubsidence phase (Early Miocene to ?) comprises an evenly distributed sheet of strata that does not thicken appreciably \ninto the depocentre, with more evidence for clinoform sets and large channels. These patterns are interpreted to record \naccumulation under similar environmental conditions but in a regime of slower subsidence. The Renewed Rifting phase \n(? to Recent, largely unsampled by coring thus far) has been further divided into 1, a lower interval, in which the section \nthickens passively towards a central depocentre, and 2. an upper interval, in which more dramatic thickening patterns \nare complicated by magmatic activity. The youngest part of the stratigraphy was accumulated under the influence of \nflexural loading imposed by the construction of large volcanic edifices, and involved minimal sediment supply from the \nwestern basin margin, suggesting a change in environmental (glacial) conditions at possibly c. 2 Ma.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP090","usgsCitation":"Fielding, C., Whittaker, J., Henrys, S., Wilson, T.J., and Nash, T., 2007, Seismic facies and stratigraphy of the Cenozoic succession in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Implications for tectonic, climatic and glacial history: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-090, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP090.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":285904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559560e4b0120853e8c1d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fielding, C.R.","contributorId":25864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fielding","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittaker, J.","contributorId":88650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittaker","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henrys, S.A.","contributorId":56097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henrys","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, T. J.","contributorId":31942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nash, T.R.","contributorId":63721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70120669,"text":"70120669 - 2007 - Triggering mechanism and tsunamogenic potential of the Cape Fear Slide complex, U.S. Atlantic margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T18:32:57","indexId":"70120669","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T13:05:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggering mechanism and tsunamogenic potential of the Cape Fear Slide complex, U.S. Atlantic margin","docAbstract":"Analysis of new multibeam bathymetry data and seismic Chirp data acquired over the Cape Fear Slide complex on the U.S. Atlantic margin suggests that at least 5 major submarine slides have likely occurred there within the past 30,000 years, indicating that repetitive, large-scale mass wasting and associated tsunamis may be more common in this area than previously believed. Gas hydrate deposits and associated free gas as well as salt tectonics have been implicated in previous studies as triggers for the major Cape Fear slide events. Analysis of the interaction of the gas hydrate phase boundary and the various generations of slides indicates that only the most landward slide likely intersected the phase boundary and inferred high gas pressures below it. For much of the region, we believe that displacement along a newly recognized normal fault led to upward migration of salt, oversteepening of slopes, and repeated slope failures. Using new constraints on slide morphology, we develop the first tsunami model for the Cape Fear Slide complex. Our results indicate that if the most seaward Cape Fear slide event occurred today, it could produce waves in excess of 2 m at the present-day 100 m bathymetric contour.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007GC001722","usgsCitation":"Hornbach, M.J., Lavier, L.L., and Ruppel, C., 2007, Triggering mechanism and tsunamogenic potential of the Cape Fear Slide complex, U.S. Atlantic margin: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 8, no. 12, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001722.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3267","text":"External Repository"},{"id":292302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cape Fear Slide","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.0,31.666667 ], [ -80.0,35.0 ], [ -75.0,35.0 ], [ -75.0,31.666667 ], [ -80.0,31.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed9e4b0bfa1f993f022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornbach, Matthew J.","contributorId":14258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lavier, Luc L.","contributorId":88659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavier","given":"Luc","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D.","contributorId":102322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70142160,"text":"70142160 - 2007 - Time, space, and composition relations among northern Nevada intrusive rocks and their metallogenic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-02T11:54:09","indexId":"70142160","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time, space, and composition relations among northern Nevada intrusive rocks and their metallogenic implications","docAbstract":"Northern Nevada contains ∼360 igneous intrusions subequally distributed among three age groups: middle Tertiary, Cretaceous, and Jurassic. These intrusions are dominantly granodiorite and monzogranite, although some are more mafic. Major-oxide and trace-element compositions of intrusion age groups are remarkably similar, forming compositional arrays that are continuous, overlapping, and essentially indistinguishable. Within each age group, compositional diversity is controlled by a combination of fractional crystallization and two-component mixing. Mafic intrusions represent mixing of mantle-derived magma and assimilated continental crust, whereas intermediate to felsic intrusions evolved by fractional crystallization. Several petrologic parameters suggest that the northern Nevada intrusion age groups formed in a variety of subduction-related, magmatic arc settings: Jurassic intrusions were likely formed during backarc, slab-window magmatism related to breakoff of the Mezcalera plate; Cretaceous magmatism was related to rapid, shallow subduction of the Farallon plate and consequent inboard migration of arc magmatism; and Tertiary magmatism initially swept southward into northern Nevada in response to foundering of the Farallon plate and was followed by voluminous Miocene bimodal magmatism associated with backarc continental rifting.
\nNearly 3000 hydrothermal mineral deposits (many only small uneconomic occurrences), of diverse size and type, are spatially and (or) genetically associated with northern Nevada intrusions; significantly, the largest and most important deposits are aligned along prominent mineral-deposit trends. Because northern Nevada is a globally significant metallogenic province, determining whether age, modal composition, and geochemical features of associated intrusive rocks discriminate productive intrusions is important. Mineral-deposit types, including W vein and skarn, polymetallic vein, distal disseminated Au-Ag, porphyry Cu-Mo-W-Au, and epithermal Ag-Au deposits, all spatially and genetically associated with intrusions and known to involve magmatic inputs, are emphasized in this analysis. In addition, although evidence for a direct magmatic input, other than heat, is scarce for Carlin-type gold deposit formation, this deposit type was included because of its economic significance. Consequently, intrusions along mineral-deposit trends, in particular those associated with the largest and economically most significant mineral deposits, were a focus of the investigation.
\nImportantly, modal composition, age, and geochemical characteristics of intrusions associated with large mineral deposits along the trends, are indistinguishable from non-mineralized intrusions in northern Nevada and thus do not identify intrusions associated with significant deposits. Moreover, intrusion age and composition show little correlation with mineral-deposit type, abundance, and size. Given the lack of diagnostic characteristics for intrusions associated with deposits, it is uncertain whether age, modal composition, and geochemical data can identify intrusions associated with mineral deposits. These findings suggest that associations between northern Nevada intrusions and mineral deposits reflect superimposition of many geologic factors, none of which was solely responsible for mineral-deposit formation. These factors might include intrusion size, efficiency of fluid and metal extraction from magma, prevailing redox and sulfidation conditions, or derivation of metals and ligands from host rocks and groundwater. The abundance and diversity of mineral deposits in northern Nevada may partly reflect geochemical inheritance, for example, along the mineral trends rather than the influence of petrologically unique magma or associated fluids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES00109.1","usgsCitation":"duBray, E.A., 2007, Time, space, and composition relations among northern Nevada intrusive rocks and their metallogenic implications: Geosphere, v. 3, no. 5, p. 381-405, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00109.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 34.97600151317591\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 35.35321610123821\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -113.92822265625,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597cfe4b02419550d2f57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"duBray, E. 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This study characterizes the textures, fabrics and grain-scale structures from thin \nsection analysis of samples of microfaults, veins, and clastic dikes. Microfaults are abundant and display two different \ntypes of textures, interpreted to record two different deformation modes: pre-lithification shearing and brittle faulting of \ncohesive sediment. Both clastic dikes and calcite veins commonly follow fault planes, indicating that injections of \nliquefied sediment and circulating fluids used pre-existing faults as conduits. The close association of clastic injections, \ndiagenetic mineralization, and faulting indicates that faulting was synchronous with deposition in the rift basin","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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The Cascadia subduction zone extends from Cape Mendocino, California, to Vancouver Island, Canada. The Seaside area was chosen because it is typical of many coastal communities subject to tsunamis generated by far- and near-field (Cascadia) earthquakes.
\nTwo goals of the pilot study were to develop probabilistic 100-year and 500-year tsunami inundation maps using Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA) and to provide \nrecommendations for improving tsunami hazard assessment guidelines for FEMA and \nstate and local agencies. The study was an interagency effort by the National Oceanic and \nAtmospheric Administration, U.S. Geological Survey, and FEMA, in collaboration with \nthe University of Southern California, Middle East Technical University, Portland State \nUniversity, Horning Geoscience, Northwest Hydraulics Consultants, and the Oregon \nDepartment of Geological and Mineral Industries. The pilot study model data and results \nare published separately as a geographic information systems (GIS) data report (Wong \nand others, 2006). The flood maps and GIS data are briefly described here.
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Observatory monthly means usually provide an excellent opportunity to study the temporal changes of the\nmagnetic field at a given location. Unfortunately, on the Antarctic continent the distribution of the permanent ground-\nbased observatories does not permit a uniform coverage of the examined area. Furthermore, the magnetic records are\ncharacterized by intense external disturbances and noise that make the analysis of the magnetic field difficult. To improve our knowledge of the secular variation and detect the presence of secular variation impulses (geomagnetic\njerks) in Antarctica, we use both observatory data and the CM4 quiet time magnetic field model. In particular CM4\nimproves our knowledge of geomagnetic jerks over Antarctica through the study of the sign changes of the secular\nacceleration maps.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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A site drilled along the northern edge of the James Ross Basin sampled either latest \nEocene or earliest Oligocene deposits, providing a lower chronostratigraphic benchmark for our seismic stratigraphic \nage model. Severe sea ice conditions forced abandonment of several of the James Ross Basin sites. Three alternate \nsites were drilled along the southern flank of the Joinville Plateau. Seismic data from the area show a thick, southward \ndipping stratigraphic succession with no conspicuous gaps. Three drill sites sampled this succession and recovered \nOligocene, middle Miocene, and early Pliocene strata overlain by a thin drape of Pleistocene deposits. The Pliocene-Miocene boundary appears to be represented by a disconformity within the cored interval. Otherwise, this is one of the \nmost complete post-Eocene successions anywhere on Antarctica and its adjacent margins","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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The proposed framework includes standardized distributed geospatial \nweb services, a geospatial service search engine, an extended UDDI registry, and a multi-protocol geospatial \ninformation service client. Some key technologies addressed include service discovery based on search engine and \nservice ontology modeling and reasoning in the Antarctic geospatial context. Finally, an Antarctica multi protocol OWS \nportal prototype based on the proposed methodology is introduced.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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