Cambarus cryptodytes (Dougherty Plain Cave Crayfish) is an obligate inhabitant of groundwater habitats (i.e., a stygobiont) with troglomorphic adaptations in the Floridan aquifer system of southwestern Georgia and adjacent Florida panhandle, particularly in the Dougherty Plain and Marianna Lowlands. Documented occurrences of Dougherty Plain Cave Crayfish are spatially distributed as 2 primary clusters separated by a region where few caves and springs have been documented; however, the paucity of humanly accessible karst features in this intermediate region has inhibited investigation of the species' distribution. To work around this constraint, we employed bottle traps to sample for Dougherty Plain Cave Crayfish and other groundwater fauna in 18 groundwater-monitoring wells that access the Floridan aquifer system in 10 counties in southwestern Georgia. We captured 32 Dougherty Plain Cave Crayfish in 9 wells in 8 counties between September 2014 and August 2015. We detected crayfish at depths ranging from 17.9 m to 40.6 m, and established new county records for Early, Miller, Mitchell, and Seminole counties in Georgia, increasing the number of occurrences in Georgia from 8 to 17 sites. In addition, a new US Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) watershed record was established for the Spring Creek watershed. These new records fill in the distribution gap between the 2 previously known clusters in Georgia and Jackson County, FL. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that deployment of bottle traps in groundwater-monitoring wells can be an effective approach to presence—absence surveys of stygobionts, especially in areas where surface access to groundwater is limited.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.016.0205","usgsCitation":"Fenolio, D.B., Niemiller, M.L., Gluesenkamp, A.G., McKee, A.M., and Taylor, S.J., 2017, New distributional records of the stygobitic crayfish Cambarus cryptodytes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in the Floridan Aquifer System of southwestern Georgia: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 16, no. 2, p. 163-181, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.016.0205.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"181","ipdsId":"IP-073657","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Geogia","otherGeospatial":"Florida Aquifer System","volume":"16","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76ef0e4b08b1644ddfadc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenolio, Dante B.","contributorId":167680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenolio","given":"Dante","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24805,"text":"Department of Conservation and Research, San Antonio Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niemiller, Matthew L.","contributorId":167679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niemiller","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24804,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gluesenkamp, Andrew G.","contributorId":195638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gluesenkamp","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Anna M. 0000-0003-2790-5320 amckee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-5320","contributorId":166725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Anna","email":"amckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Steven J.","contributorId":167682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24804,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189118,"text":"70189118 - 2017 - Archaeal diversity and CO2 fixers in carbonate-/siliciclastic-rock groundwater ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T10:01:24","indexId":"70189118","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5445,"text":"Archaea","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Archaeal diversity and CO2 fixers in carbonate-/siliciclastic-rock groundwater ecosystems","title":"Archaeal diversity and CO2 fixers in carbonate-/siliciclastic-rock groundwater ecosystems","docAbstract":"Groundwater environments provide habitats for diverse microbial communities, and although Archaea usually represent a minor fraction of communities, they are involved in key biogeochemical cycles. We analysed the archaeal diversity within a mixed carbonate-rock/siliciclastic-rock aquifer system, vertically from surface soils to subsurface groundwater including aquifer and aquitard rocks. Archaeal diversity was also characterized along a monitoring well transect that spanned surface land uses from forest/woodland to grassland and cropland. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed that only a few surface soil-inhabiting Archaea were present in the groundwater suggesting a restricted input from the surface. Dominant groups in the groundwater belonged to the marine group I (MG-I) Thaumarchaeota and the Woesearchaeota. Most of the groups detected in the aquitard and aquifer rock samples belonged to either cultured or predicted lithoautotrophs (e.g., Thaumarchaeota or Hadesarchaea). Furthermore, to target autotrophs, a series of 13CO2 stable isotope-probing experiments were conducted using filter pieces obtained after filtration of 10,000 L of groundwater to concentrate cells. These incubations identified the SAGMCG Thaumarchaeota and Bathyarchaeota as groundwater autotrophs. Overall, the results suggest that the majority of Archaea on rocks are fixing CO2, while archaeal autotrophy seems to be limited in the groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi","doi":"10.1155/2017/2136287","usgsCitation":"Lazar, C.S., Stoll, W., Lehmann, R., Herrmann, M., Schwab, V.F., Akob, D.M., Nawaz, A., Wubet, T., Buscot, F., Totsche, K., and Küsel, K., 2017, Archaeal diversity and CO2 fixers in carbonate-/siliciclastic-rock groundwater ecosystems: Archaea, v. 2017, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2136287.","productDescription":"Article ID 2136287; 13 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-084749","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2136287","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2017","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59576335e4b0d1f9f051b50f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lazar, Cassandre Sara","contributorId":194034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lazar","given":"Cassandre","email":"","middleInitial":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoll, Wenke","contributorId":194035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoll","given":"Wenke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lehmann, Robert","contributorId":194036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehmann","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herrmann, Martina","contributorId":140231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Martina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13425,"text":"Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwab, Valerie F.","contributorId":194037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwab","given":"Valerie","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Akob, Denise M. 0000-0003-1534-3025 dakob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-3025","contributorId":4980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akob","given":"Denise","email":"dakob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nawaz, Ali","contributorId":194038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nawaz","given":"Ali","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wubet, Tesfaye","contributorId":194039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wubet","given":"Tesfaye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buscot, Francois","contributorId":194040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscot","given":"Francois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Totsche, Kai-Uwe","contributorId":194041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Totsche","given":"Kai-Uwe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Küsel, Kirsten","contributorId":96191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Küsel","given":"Kirsten","affiliations":[{"id":13425,"text":"Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70188850,"text":"70188850 - 2017 - A multi-scale evaluation of pack stock effects on subalpine meadow plant communities in the Sierra Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:52:46","indexId":"70188850","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-scale evaluation of pack stock effects on subalpine meadow plant communities in the Sierra Nevada","docAbstract":"We evaluated the influence of pack stock (i.e., horse and mule) use on meadow plant communities in Sequoia and Yosemite National Parks in the Sierra Nevada of California. Meadows were sampled to account for inherent variability across multiple scales by: 1) controlling for among-meadow variability by using remotely sensed hydro-climatic and geospatial data to pair stock use meadows with similar non-stock (reference) sites, 2) accounting for within-meadow variation in the local hydrology using in-situ soil moisture readings, and 3) incorporating variation in stock use intensity by sampling across the entire available gradient of pack stock use. Increased cover of bare ground was detected only within “dry” meadow areas at the two most heavily used pack stock meadows (maximum animals per night per hectare). There was no difference in plant community composition for any level of soil moisture or pack stock use. Increased local-scale spatial variability in plant community composition (species dispersion) was detected in “wet” meadow areas at the two most heavily used meadows. These results suggest that at the meadow scale, plant communities are generally resistant to the contemporary levels of recreational pack stock use. However, finer-scale within-meadow responses such as increased bare ground or spatial variability in the plant community can be a function of local-scale hydrological conditions. Wilderness managers can improve monitoring of disturbance in Sierra Nevada meadows by adopting multiple plant community indices while simultaneously considering local moisture regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0178536","usgsCitation":"Lee, S.R., Berlow, E.L., Ostoja, S., Brooks, M.L., Génin, A., Matchett, J.R., and Hart, S.C., 2017, A multi-scale evaluation of pack stock effects on subalpine meadow plant communities in the Sierra Nevada: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 6, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178536.","productDescription":"20 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-080186","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178536","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park, Sequoia National Park, Yosemite National Park ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -121.57470703125,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -122.091064453125,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -121.13525390625,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -119.95971679687499,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -118.927001953125,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -118.76220703125001,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -118.9215087890625,\n 34.95349314197422\n ],\n [\n -118.8006591796875,\n 34.786739162702524\n ],\n [\n -118.641357421875,\n 34.79576153473033\n ],\n [\n -118.114013671875,\n 35.17380831799959\n ],\n [\n -117.8009033203125,\n 35.64390523787731\n ],\n [\n -118.333740234375,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.977120098439634\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d1fe4b062508e3c3657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Steven R. 0000-0002-4581-3684 srlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-3684","contributorId":5630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Steven","email":"srlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berlow, Eric L.","contributorId":91416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berlow","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M.","contributorId":193514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Génin, Alexandre","contributorId":193515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Génin","given":"Alexandre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matchett, John R. 0000-0002-2905-6468 jmatchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-6468","contributorId":1669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"John","email":"jmatchett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hart, Stephen C.","contributorId":189074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188478,"text":"70188478 - 2017 - Prediction of spatially explicit rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for post-fire debris-flow generation in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T12:39:16","indexId":"70188478","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction of spatially explicit rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for post-fire debris-flow generation in the western United States","docAbstract":"Early warning of post-fire debris-flow occurrence during intense rainfall has traditionally relied upon a library of regionally specific empirical rainfall intensity–duration thresholds. Development of this library and the calculation of rainfall intensity-duration thresholds often require several years of monitoring local rainfall and hydrologic response to rainstorms, a time-consuming approach where results are often only applicable to the specific region where data were collected. Here, we present a new, fully predictive approach that utilizes rainfall, hydrologic response, and readily available geospatial data to predict rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for debris-flow generation in recently burned locations in the western United States. Unlike the traditional approach to defining regional thresholds from historical data, the proposed methodology permits the direct calculation of rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for areas where no such data exist. The thresholds calculated by this method are demonstrated to provide predictions that are of similar accuracy, and in some cases outperform, previously published regional intensity–duration thresholds. The method also provides improved predictions of debris-flow likelihood, which can be incorporated into existing approaches for post-fire debris-flow hazard assessment. Our results also provide guidance for the operational expansion of post-fire debris-flow early warning systems in areas where empirically defined regional rainfall intensity–duration thresholds do not currently exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.10.019","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., Negri, J., Kean, J.W., Laber, J.L., Tillery, A.C., and Youberg, A.M., 2017, Prediction of spatially explicit rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for post-fire debris-flow generation in the western United States: Geomorphology, v. 278, p. 149-162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.10.019.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"162","ipdsId":"IP-079403","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 49.25\n ],\n [\n -127,\n 49.25\n ],\n [\n -127,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"278","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b0e4b0764e6c63ea9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Negri, Jacquelyn jnegri@usgs.gov","contributorId":192863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Negri","given":"Jacquelyn","email":"jnegri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laber, Jayme L.","contributorId":36832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laber","given":"Jayme","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tillery, Anne C. 0000-0002-9508-7908 atillery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-7908","contributorId":2549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","email":"atillery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Youberg, Ann M. 0000-0002-2005-3674","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-3674","contributorId":172609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Youberg","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":697939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70188482,"text":"70188482 - 2017 - Assessment of imperfect detection of blister rust in whitebark pine within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T15:25:03","indexId":"70188482","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2017/1457","title":"Assessment of imperfect detection of blister rust in whitebark pine within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"We examined data on white pine blister rust (blister rust) collected during the monitoring of whitebark pine trees in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (from 2004-2015). Summaries of repeat observations performed by multiple independent observers are reviewed and discussed. These summaries show variability among observers and the potential for errors being made in blister rust status. Based on this assessment, we utilized occupancy models to analyze blister rust prevalence while explicitly accounting for imperfect detection. Available covariates were used to model both the probability of a tree being infected with blister rust and the probability of an observer detecting the infection. The fitted model provided strong evidence that the probability of blister rust infection increases as tree diameter increases and decreases as site elevation increases. Most importantly, we found evidence of heterogeneity in detection probabilities related to tree size and average slope of a transect. These results suggested that detecting the presence of blister rust was more difficult in larger trees. Also, there was evidence that blister rust was easier to detect on transects located on steeper slopes.
Our model accounted for potential impacts of observer experience on blister rust detection probabilities and also showed moderate variability among the different observers in their ability to detect blister rust. Based on these model results, we suggest that multiple observer sampling continue in future field seasons in order to allow blister rust prevalence estimates to be corrected for imperfect detection. We suggest that the multiple observer effort be spread out across many transects (instead of concentrated at a few each field season) while retaining the overall proportion of trees with multiple observers around 5-20%. Estimates of prevalence are confounded with detection unless it is explicitly accounted for in an analysis and we demonstrate how an occupancy model can be used to do account for this source of observation error.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Wright, W.J., and Irvine, K.M., 2017, Assessment of imperfect detection of blister rust in whitebark pine within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Natural Resource Report 2017/1457, vi, 24 p.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-083274","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342427,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2240718"}],"country":"United States","state":"idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n -108.446044921875,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n -108.446044921875,\n 45.75985868785574\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 45.75985868785574\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 41.918628865183045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b0e4b0764e6c63ea9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Wilson J.","contributorId":192867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Wilson","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188485,"text":"70188485 - 2017 - The evolution of different maternal investment strategies in two closely related desert vertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T14:44:35","indexId":"70188485","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolution of different maternal investment strategies in two closely related desert vertebrates","docAbstract":"We compared egg size phenotypes and tested several predictions from the optimal egg size (OES) and bet-hedging theories in two North American desert-dwelling sister tortoise taxa, Gopherus agassizii and G. morafkai, that inhabit different climate spaces: relatively unpredictable and more predictable climate spaces, respectively. Observed patterns in both species differed from the predictions of OES in several ways. Mean egg size increased with maternal body size in both species. Mean egg size was inversely related to clutch order in G. agassizii, a strategy more consistent with the within-generation hypothesis arising out of bet-hedging theory or a constraint in egg investment due to resource availability, and contrary to theories of density dependence, which posit that increasing hatchling competition from later season clutches should drive selection for larger eggs. We provide empirical evidence that one species, G. agassizii, employs a bet-hedging strategy that is a combination of two different bet-hedging hypotheses. Additionally, we found some evidence for G. morafkai employing a conservative bet-hedging strategy. (e.g., lack of intra- and interclutch variation in egg size relative to body size). Our novel adaptive hypothesis suggests the possibility that natural selection favors smaller offspring in late-season clutches because they experience a more benign environment or less energetically challenging environmental conditions (i.e., winter) than early clutch progeny, that emerge under harsher and more energetically challenging environmental conditions (i.e., summer). We also discuss alternative hypotheses of sexually antagonistic selection, which arise from the trade-offs of son versus daughter production that might have different optima depending on clutch order and variation in temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) among clutches. Resolution of these hypotheses will require long-term data on fitness of sons versus daughters as a function of incubation environment, data as yet unavailable for any species with TSD.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Pub. Ltd","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2838","usgsCitation":"Ennen, J., Lovich, J.E., Averill-Murray, R., Yackulic, C.B., Agha, M., Loughran, C., Tennant, L.A., and Sinervo, B., 2017, The evolution of different maternal investment strategies in two closely related desert vertebrates: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 9, p. 3177-3189, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2838.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3177","endPage":"3189","ipdsId":"IP-069816","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2838","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JS9NN9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Desert tortoise reproductive ecology and precipitation, Mojave and Sonoran DesertsData"},{"id":342439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.68991088867188,\n 33.950195282756994\n ],\n [\n -116.43447875976561,\n 33.950195282756994\n ],\n [\n -116.43447875976561,\n 34.13908837343849\n ],\n [\n -116.68991088867188,\n 34.13908837343849\n ],\n [\n -116.68991088867188,\n 33.950195282756994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.07867050170898,\n 33.65278013476915\n ],\n [\n -113.0215072631836,\n 33.65278013476915\n ],\n [\n -113.0215072631836,\n 33.69649423337287\n ],\n [\n -113.07867050170898,\n 33.69649423337287\n ],\n [\n -113.07867050170898,\n 33.65278013476915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9afe4b0764e6c63ea96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ennen, Joshua R.","contributorId":60368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ennen","given":"Joshua R.","affiliations":[{"id":13216,"text":"Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Loughran, Caleb","contributorId":192870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loughran","given":"Caleb","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tennant, Laura A. 0000-0003-0062-7287 ltennant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-7287","contributorId":5984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tennant","given":"Laura","email":"ltennant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sinervo, Barry","contributorId":139508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinervo","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12781,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. lizardrps@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70188465,"text":"70188465 - 2017 - Pulsed strain release on the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T16:43:47","indexId":"70188465","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pulsed strain release on the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China","docAbstract":"Earthquake recurrence models assume that major surface-rupturing earthquakes are followed by periods of reduced rupture probability as stress rebuilds. Although purely periodic, time- or slip-predictable rupture models are known to be oversimplifications, a paucity of long records of fault slip clouds understanding of fault behavior and earthquake recurrence over multiple ruptures. Here, we report a 16 kyr history of fault slip—including a pulse of accelerated slip from 6.4 to 6.0 ka—determined using a Monte Carlo analysis of well-dated offset landforms along the central Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault (ATF) in northwest China. This pulse punctuates a median rate of 8.1+1.2/−0.9 mm/a and likely resulted from either a flurry of temporally clustered ∼Mw 7.5 ground-rupturing earthquakes or a single large >Mw 8.2 earthquake. The clustered earthquake scenario implies rapid re-rupture of a fault reach >195 km long and indicates decoupled rates of elastic strain energy accumulation versus dissipation, conceptualized as a crustal stress battery. If the pulse reflects a single event, slip-magnitude scaling implies that it ruptured much of the ATF with slip similar to, or exceeding, the largest documented historical ruptures. Both scenarios indicate fault rupture behavior that deviates from classic time- or slip-predictable models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.024","usgsCitation":"Gold, R.D., Cowgill, E., Arrowsmith, J.R., and Friedrich, A.M., 2017, Pulsed strain release on the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 459, p. 291-300, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.024.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"300","ipdsId":"IP-081268","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Altyn Tagh fault","volume":"459","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b1e4b0764e6c63eaa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cowgill, Eric","contributorId":192850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowgill","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arrowsmith, J. Ramon","contributorId":80209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arrowsmith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ramon","affiliations":[{"id":24511,"text":"Arizona State University, Tempe AZ USA 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedrich, Anke M.","contributorId":192852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedrich","given":"Anke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188464,"text":"70188464 - 2017 - Secondary ionization mass spectrometry analysis in petrochronology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T19:23:32.95321","indexId":"70188464","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Secondary ionization mass spectrometry analysis in petrochronology","docAbstract":"The goal of petrochronology is to extract information about the rates and conditions at which rocks and magmas are transported through the Earth’s crust. Garnering this information from the rock record greatly benefits from integrating textural and compositional data with radiometric dating of accessory minerals. Length scales of crystal growth and diffusive transport in accessory minerals under realistic geologic conditions are typically in the range of 1–10’s of μm, and in some cases even substantially smaller, with zircon having among the lowest diffusion coefficients at a given temperature (e.g., Cherniak and Watson 2003). Intrinsic to the compartmentalization of geochemical and geochronologic information from intra-crystal domains is the requirement to determine accessory mineral compositions using techniques that sample at commensurate spatial scales so as to not convolute the geologic signals that are recorded within crystals, as may be the case with single grain or large grain fragment analysis by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS; e.g., Schaltegger and Davies 2017, this volume; Schoene and Baxter 2017, this volume). Small crystals can also be difficult to extract by mineral separation techniques traditionally used in geochronology, which also lead to a loss of petrographic context. Secondary Ionization Mass Spectrometry, that is SIMS performed with an ion microprobe, is an analytical technique ideally suited to meet the high spatial resolution analysis requirements that are critical for petrochronology (Table 1).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, A.K., and Vazquez, J.A., 2017, Secondary ionization mass spectrometry analysis in petrochronology, chap. 7 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, v. 83, no. 1, p. 199-230.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"230","ipdsId":"IP-078815","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342410,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/83/1/199"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b1e4b0764e6c63eaa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, Axel K.","contributorId":127614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Axel","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188462,"text":"ds1043 - 2017 - Transient electromagnetic soundings in the San Luis Valley, Colorado, near the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge (field seasons 2007, 2009, and 2011)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T14:30:55","indexId":"ds1043","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1043","title":"Transient electromagnetic soundings in the San Luis Valley, Colorado, near the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge (field seasons 2007, 2009, and 2011)","docAbstract":"Transient electromagnetic (TEM) soundings were made in the San Luis Valley, Colorado, to map the location of a blue clay unit as well as to investigate the presence of suspected faults. A total of 147 soundings were made near and in Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, and an additional 6 soundings were made near Hansen Bluff on the eastern edge of the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge. The blue clay is a significant hydrologic feature in the area that separates an unconfined surface aquifer from a deeper confined aquifer. Knowledge of its location is important to regional hydrological models. Previous analysis of well logs has shown that the blue clay has a resistivity of 10 ohm-meters or less, which is in contrast to the higher resistivity of sand, gravel, and other clay units found in the area, making it a very good target for TEM soundings. The top of the blue clay was found to have considerable relief, suggesting the possibility of deformation of the clay during or after deposition. Because of rift activity, deformation is to be expected. Of the TEM profiles made across faults identified by aeromagnetic data, some showed resistivity variations and (or) subsurface elevation relief of resistivity units, suggestive of faulting. Such patterns were not associated with all suspected faults. The Hansen Bluff profile showed variations in resistivity and depth to conductor that coincide with a scarp between the highlands to the east and the floodplain of the Rio Grande to the west.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Fitterman, D.V., 2017, Transient electromagnetic soundings in the San Luis Valley, Colorado, near the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge (field seasons 2007, 2009, and 2011): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1043, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1043.","productDescription":"Report: vii; 52 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342428,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7D21VQ5","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Transient Electromagnetic Sounding Data Collected in the San Luis Valley, Colorado near the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge (Field Seasons 2007, 2009, and 2011)"},{"id":342407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1043/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342408,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1043/ds1043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1043"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.11145019531249,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -105.56488037109375,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -105.56488037109375,\n 37.93444993515032\n ],\n [\n -106.11145019531249,\n 37.93444993515032\n ],\n [\n -106.11145019531249,\n 37.42906945530332\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 964
Denver, CO 80225
The North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) contains data for >700 bird species, but analyses often focus on a core group of ∼420 species. We analyzed data for 122 species of North American birds for which data exist in the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) database but are not routinely analyzed on the BBS Summary and Analysis Website. Many of these species occur in the northern part of the continent, on routes that fall outside the core survey area presently analyzed in the United States and southern Canada. Other species not historically analyzed occur in the core survey area with very limited data but have large portions of their ranges in Mexico and south. A third group of species not historically analyzed included species thought to be poorly surveyed by the BBS, such as rare, coastal, or nocturnal species. For 56 species found primarily in regions north of the core survey area, we expanded the scope of the analysis, using data from 1993 to 2014 during which ≥3 survey routes had been sampled in 6 northern strata (Bird Conservation regions in Alaska, Yukon, and Newfoundland and Labrador) and fitting log-linear hierarchical models for an augmented BBS survey area that included both the new northern strata and the core survey area. We also applied this model to 168 species historically analyzed in the BBS that had data from these additional northern strata. For both groups of species we calculated survey-wide trends for the both core and augmented survey areas from 1993 to 2014; for species that did not occur in the newly defined strata, we computed trends from 1966 to 2014. We evaluated trend estimates in terms of established credibility criteria for BBS results, screening for imprecise trends, small samples, and low relative abundance. Inclusion of data from the northern strata permitted estimation of trend for 56 species not historically analyzed, but only 4 of these were reasonably monitored and an additional 13 were questionably monitored; 39 of these species were likely poorly monitored because of small numbers of samples or very imprecisely estimated trends. Only 4 of 66 “new” species found in the core survey area were reasonably monitored by the BBS; 20 were questionably monitored; and 42 were likely poorly monitored by the BBS because of inefficiency in precision, abundance, or sample size. The hierarchical analyses we present provide a means for reasonable inclusion of the additional species and strata in a common analysis with data from the core area, a critical step in the evolution of the BBS as a continent-scale survey. We recommend that results be presented both 1) from 1993 to the present using the expanded survey area, and 2) from 1966 to the present for the core survey area. Although most of the “new” species we analyzed were poorly monitored by the BBS during 1993–2014, continued expansion of the BBS will improve the quality of information in future analyses for these species and for the many other species presently monitored by the BBS.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/102015-JFWM-109","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.R., Niven, D., Pardieck, K.L., Ziolkowski, D., and Link, W.A., 2017, Expanding the North American Breeding Bird Survey analysis to include additional species and regions: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 8, no. 1, p. 154-172, https://doi.org/10.3996/102015-JFWM-109.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-069657","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/102015-jfwm-109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b2e4b0764e6c63eab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niven, Daniel 0000-0002-9527-0577 dniven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9527-0577","contributorId":179148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niven","given":"Daniel","email":"dniven@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pardieck, Keith L. 0000-0003-2779-4392 kpardieck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-4392","contributorId":4104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardieck","given":"Keith","email":"kpardieck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ziolkowski, David Jr. 0000-0002-2500-4417 dziolkowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-4417","contributorId":179149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziolkowski","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"dziolkowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188460,"text":"70188460 - 2017 - Predation by Acanthurus leucopareius on black-band disease in Kauai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-03T09:55:55","indexId":"70188460","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Predation by Acanthurus leucopareius on black-band disease in Kauai, Hawaii","title":"Predation by Acanthurus leucopareius on black-band disease in Kauai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
This report serves as metadata and a user guide for five out of six hydrologic and landscape databases developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, to describe data-collection, data-reduction, and data-analysis methods used to construct the databases and provides statistical and graphical descriptions of the databases. Six hydrologic and landscape databases were developed: (1) the Cache River and White River National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) and contributing watersheds in Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, (2) the Cahaba River NWR and contributing watersheds in Alabama, (3) the Caloosahatchee and J.N. “Ding” Darling NWRs and contributing watersheds in Florida, (4) the Clarks River NWR and contributing watersheds in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi, (5) the Lower Suwannee NWR and contributing watersheds in Georgia and Florida, and (6) the Okefenokee NWR and contributing watersheds in Georgia and Florida. Each database is composed of a set of ASCII files, Microsoft Access files, and Microsoft Excel files. The databases were developed as an assessment and evaluation tool for use in examining NWR-specific hydrologic patterns and trends as related to water availability and water quality for NWR ecosystems, habitats, and target species. The databases include hydrologic time-series data, summary statistics on landscape and hydrologic time-series data, and hydroecological metrics that can be used to assess NWR hydrologic conditions and the availability of aquatic and riparian habitat. Landscape data that describe the NWR physiographic setting and the locations of hydrologic data-collection stations were compiled and mapped. Categories of landscape data include land cover, soil hydrologic characteristics, physiographic features, geographic and hydrographic boundaries, hydrographic features, and regional runoff estimates. The geographic extent of each database covers an area within which human activities, climatic variation, and hydrologic processes can potentially affect the hydrologic regime of the NWRs and adjacent areas.
The hydrologic and landscape database for the Cache and White River NWRs and contributing watersheds in Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma has been described and documented in detail (Buell and others, 2012). This report serves as a companion to the Buell and others (2012) report to describe and document the five subsequent hydrologic and landscape databases that were developed: Chapter A—the Cahaba River NWR and contributing watersheds in Alabama, Chapter B—the Caloosahatchee and J.N. “Ding” Darling NWRs and contributing watersheds in Florida, Chapter C—the Clarks River NWR and contributing watersheds in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi, Chapter D—the Lower Suwannee NWR and contributing watersheds in Georgia and Florida, and Chapter E—the Okefenokee NWR and contributing watersheds in Georgia and Florida.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Buell, G.R., Gurley, L.N., Calhoun, D.L., and Hunt, A.M., 2017, Five hydrologic and landscape databases for selected National Wildlife Refuges in Southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1018, 366 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171018.","productDescription":"Report: xvi, 386 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"366","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078859","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342125,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1018/ofr20171018.pdf","text":"Report","size":"62.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1018"},{"id":342122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1018/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342126,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7416V4M","text":"USGS data release ","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"Five Hydrologic and Landscape Databases for Select National Wildlife Refuges in Southeastern United States"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
Combining the synoptic mass balance approach with principal components analysis (PCA) can be an effective method for discretising the chemistry of inflows and source areas in watersheds where contamination is diffuse in nature and/or complicated by groundwater interactions. This paper presents a field-scale study in which synoptic sampling and PCA are employed in a mineralized watershed (Lion Creek, Colorado, USA) under low flow conditions to (i) quantify the impacts of mining activity on stream water quality; (ii) quantify the spatial pattern of constituent loading; and (iii) identify inflow sources most responsible for observed changes in stream chemistry and constituent loading. Several of the constituents investigated (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) fail to meet chronic aquatic life standards along most of the study reach. The spatial pattern of constituent loading suggests four primary sources of contamination under low flow conditions. Three of these sources are associated with acidic (pH <3.1) seeps that enter along the left bank of Lion Creek. Investigation of inflow water (trace metal and major ion) chemistry using PCA suggests a hydraulic connection between many of the left bank inflows and mine water in the Minnesota Mine shaft located to the north-east of the river channel. In addition, water chemistry data during a rainfall-runoff event suggests the spatial pattern of constituent loading may be modified during rainfall due to dissolution of efflorescent salts or erosion of streamside tailings. These data point to the complexity of contaminant mobilisation processes and constituent loading in mining-affected watersheds but the combined synoptic sampling and PCA approach enables a conceptual model of contaminant dynamics to be developed to inform remediation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11356-017-9038-x","usgsCitation":"Byrne, P., Runkel, R.L., and Walton-Day, K., 2017, Synoptic sampling and principal components analysis to identify sources of water and metals to an acid mine drainage stream: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 24, no. 20, p. 17220-17240, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9038-x.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"17220","endPage":"17240","ipdsId":"IP-080091","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9038-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593fa830e4b0764e6c627943","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byrne, Patrick","contributorId":192845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":184043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188459,"text":"70188459 - 2017 - Migration trends of Sockeye Salmon at the northern edge of their distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T13:18:09","indexId":"70188459","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration trends of Sockeye Salmon at the northern edge of their distribution","docAbstract":"Climate change is affecting arctic and subarctic ecosystems, and anadromous fish such as Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are particularly susceptible due to the physiological challenge of spawning migrations. Predicting how migratory timing will change under Arctic warming scenarios requires an understanding of how environmental factors drive salmon migrations. Multiple mechanisms exist by which environmental conditions may influence migrating salmon, including altered migration cues from the ocean and natal river. We explored relationships between interannual variability and annual migration timing (2003–2014) of Sockeye Salmon O. nerka in a subarctic watershed with environmental conditions at broad, intermediate, and local spatial scales. Low numbers of Sockeye Salmon have returned to this high-latitude watershed in recent years, and run size has been a dominant influence on the migration duration and the midpoint date of the run. The duration of the migration upriver varied by as much as 25 d across years, and shorter run durations were associated with smaller run sizes. The duration of the migration was also extended with warmer sea surface temperatures in the staging area and lower values of the North Pacific Index. The midpoint date of the total run was earlier when the run size was larger, whereas the midpoint date was delayed during years in which river temperatures warmed earlier in the season. Documenting factors related to the migration of Sockeye Salmon near the northern limit of their range provides insights into the determinants of salmon migrations and suggests processes that could be important for determining future changes in arctic and subarctic ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2017.1302992","usgsCitation":"Carey, M.P., Zimmerman, C.E., Keith, K.D., Schelske, M., Lean, C., and Douglas, D.C., 2017, Migration trends of Sockeye Salmon at the northern edge of their distribution: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 146, no. 4, p. 791-802, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2017.1302992.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"802","ipdsId":"IP-080815","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71834PF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Count of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), River Temperature, and River Height in the Pilgrim River, Nome, Alaska, 2003-2014"},{"id":342405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.95703125,\n 48.04870994288686\n ],\n [\n -122.78320312499999,\n 48.04870994288686\n ],\n [\n -122.78320312499999,\n 65.44000165965534\n ],\n [\n -175.95703125,\n 65.44000165965534\n ],\n [\n -175.95703125,\n 48.04870994288686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593fa82fe4b0764e6c62793c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Michael P. 0000-0002-3327-8995 mcarey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995","contributorId":5397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Michael","email":"mcarey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith, Kevin D.","contributorId":192846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schelske, Merlyn","contributorId":192847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schelske","given":"Merlyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lean, Charles","contributorId":189274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lean","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189897,"text":"70189897 - 2017 - A geochemical examination of humidity cell tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T19:26:08","indexId":"70189897","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geochemical examination of humidity cell tests","docAbstract":"Humidity cell tests (HCTs) are long-term (20 to >300 weeks) leach tests that are considered by some to be the among the most reliable geochemical characterization methods for estimating the leachate quality of mined materials. A number of modifications have been added to the original HCT method, but the interpretation of test results varies widely. We suggest that the HCTs represent an underutilized source of geochemical data, with a year-long test generating approximately 2500 individual chemical data points. The HCT concentration peaks and valleys can be thought of as a “chromatogram” of reactions that may occur in the field, whereby peaks in concentrations are associated with different geochemical processes, including sulfate salt dissolution, sulfide oxidation, and dissolution of rock-forming minerals, some of which can neutralize acid. Some of these reactions occur simultaneously, some do not, and geochemical modeling can be used to help distinguish the dominant processes. Our detailed examination, including speciation and inverse modeling, of HCTs from three projects with different geology and mineralization shows that rapid sulfide oxidation dominates over a limited period of time that starts between 40 and 200 weeks of testing. The applicability of laboratory tests results to predicting field leachate concentrations, loads, or rates of reaction has not been adequately demonstrated, although early flush releases and rapid sulfide oxidation rates in HCTs should have some relevance to field conditions. Knowledge of possible maximum solute concentrations is needed to design effective treatment and mitigation approaches. Early flush and maximum sulfide oxidation results from HCTs should be retained and used in environmental models. Factors that complicate the use of HCTs include: sample representation, time for microbial oxidizers to grow, sample storage before testing, geochemical reactions that add or remove constituents, and the HCT results chosen for use in modeling the environmental performance at mine sites. Improved guidance is needed for more consistent interpretation and use of HCT results that rely on identifying: the geochemical processes; the mineralogy, including secondary mineralogy; the available surface area for reactions; and the influence of hydrologic processes on leachate concentrations in runoff, streams, and groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.016","usgsCitation":"Maest, A., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2017, A geochemical examination of humidity cell tests: Applied Geochemistry, v. 81, p. 109-131, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.016.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"131","ipdsId":"IP-085397","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59819315e4b0e2f5d463b79b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maest, Ann","contributorId":195266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maest","given":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191343,"text":"70191343 - 2017 - Differences in breeding bird assemblages related to reed canary grass cover cover and forest structure on the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T14:07:05","indexId":"70191343","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in breeding bird assemblages related to reed canary grass cover cover and forest structure on the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Floodplain forest of the Upper Mississippi River provides habitat for an abundant and diverse breeding bird community. However, reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea invasion is a serious threat to the future condition of this forest. Reed canary grass is a well-known aggressive invader of wetland systems in the northern tier states of the conterminous United States. Aided by altered flow regimes and nutrient inputs from agriculture, reed canary grass has formed dense stands in canopy gaps and forest edges, retarding tree regeneration. We sampled vegetation and breeding birds in Upper Mississippi River floodplain forest edge and interior areas to 1) measure reed canary grass cover and 2) evaluate whether the breeding bird assemblage responded to differences in reed canary grass cover. Reed canary grass was found far into forest interiors, and its cover was similar between interior and edge sites. Bird assemblages differed between areas with more or less reed canary grass cover (.53% cover breakpoint). Common yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas, black-capped chickadee Parus atricapillus, and rose-breasted grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus were more common and American redstart Setophaga ruticilla, great crested flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus, and Baltimore oriole Icterus galbula were less common in sites with more reed canary grass cover. Bird diversity and abundance were similar between sites with different reed canary grass cover. A stronger divergence in bird assemblages was associated with ground cover ,15%, resulting from prolonged spring flooding. These sites hosted more prothonotary warbler Protonotaria citrea, but they had reduced bird abundance and diversity compared to other sites. Our results indicate that frequently flooded sites may be important for prothonotary warblers and that bird assemblages shift in response to reed canary grass invasion.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/012016-JFWM-002","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, E.M., and Gray, B.R., 2017, Differences in breeding bird assemblages related to reed canary grass cover cover and forest structure on the Upper Mississippi River: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 8, no. 1, p. 260-271, https://doi.org/10.3996/012016-JFWM-002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-071439","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/012016-jfwm-002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.87773132324219,\n 44.80814739879984\n ],\n [\n -93.04183959960938,\n 44.80035239611148\n ],\n [\n -93.08029174804688,\n 44.6334823448553\n ],\n [\n -92.823486328125,\n 44.50923820945519\n ],\n [\n -92.5048828125,\n 44.47495104782301\n ],\n [\n -92.46299743652344,\n 44.51903083890047\n ],\n [\n -92.49458312988281,\n 44.603668403518775\n ],\n [\n -92.63671875,\n 44.71161010858431\n ],\n [\n -92.87773132324219,\n 44.80814739879984\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d744a2e4b05fe04cc7e320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, Eileen M. 0000-0002-2818-5022 ekirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-5022","contributorId":3477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Eileen","email":"ekirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193465,"text":"70193465 - 2017 - Influence of trap modifications and environmental predictors on capture success of southern flying squirrels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T13:11:40","indexId":"70193465","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of trap modifications and environmental predictors on capture success of southern flying squirrels","docAbstract":"Sherman traps are the most commonly used live traps in studies of small mammals and have been successfully used in the capture of arboreal species such as the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans). However, southern flying squirrels spend proportionately less time foraging on the ground, which necessitates above-ground trapping methods and modifications of capture protocols. Further, quantitative estimates of the factors affecting capture success of flying squirrel populations have focused solely on effects of trapping methodologies. We developed and evaluated the efficacy of a portable Sherman trap design for capturing southern flying squirrels during 2015–2016 at the Alice L. Kibbe Field Station, Illinois, USA. Additionally, we used logistic regression to quantify potential effects of time-dependent (e.g., weather) and time-independent (e.g., habitat, extrinsic) factors on capture success of southern flying squirrels. We recorded 165 capture events (119 F, 44 M, 2 unknown) using our modified Sherman trap design. Probability of capture success decreased 0.10/1° C increase in daily maximum temperature and by 0.09/unit increase (km/hr) in wind speed. Conversely, probability of capture success increased by 1.2/1° C increase in daily minimum temperature. The probability of capturing flying squirrels was negatively associated with trap orientation. When tree-mounted traps are required, our modified trap design is a safe, efficient, and cost-effective method of capturing animals when moderate weather (temp and wind speed) conditions prevail. Further, we believe that strategic placement of traps (e.g., northeast side of tree) and quantitative information on site-specific (e.g., trap location) characteristics (e.g., topographical features, slope, aspect, climatologic factors) could increase southern flying squirrel capture success. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.769","usgsCitation":"Jacques, C.N., Zweep, J.S., Scheihing, M.E., Rechkemmer, W.T., Jenkins, S.E., Klaver, R.W., and Dubay, S.A., 2017, Influence of trap modifications and environmental predictors on capture success of southern flying squirrels: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 41, no. 2, p. 313-321, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.769.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"321","ipdsId":"IP-078961","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/7c2cd54ecd554011aca5558f735f007e","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"Hancock","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.52435302734375,\n 40.02130468739707\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 40.02130468739707\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 40.701463603604594\n ],\n [\n -91.52435302734375,\n 40.701463603604594\n ],\n [\n -91.52435302734375,\n 40.02130468739707\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea4e4b0531197b27f81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacques, Christopher N.","contributorId":15521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacques","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zweep, James S.","contributorId":199664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zweep","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scheihing, Mary E.","contributorId":199665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scheihing","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rechkemmer, Will T.","contributorId":196304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rechkemmer","given":"Will","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jenkins, Sean E.","contributorId":199666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dubay, Shelli A.","contributorId":171437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubay","given":"Shelli","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189502,"text":"70189502 - 2017 - Model-based approaches to deal with detectability: a comment on Hutto (2016)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T10:17:33","indexId":"70189502","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model-based approaches to deal with detectability: a comment on Hutto (2016)","docAbstract":"In a recent paper, Hutto (2016a) challenges the need to account for detectability when interpreting data from point counts. A number of issues with model-based approaches to deal with detectability are presented, and an alternative suggested: surveying an area around each point over which detectability is assumed certain. The article contains a number of false claims and errors of logic, and we address these here. We provide suggestions about appropriate uses of distance sampling and occupancy modeling, arising from an intersection of design- and model-based inference.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America ","doi":"10.1002/eap.1553","usgsCitation":"Marques, T.A., Thomas, L., Kery, M., Buckland, S.T., Borchers, D.L., Rexstad, E., Fewster, R.M., MacKenzie, D.I., Royle, A., Guillera-Arroita, G., Handel, C.M., Pavlacky, D., and Camp, R., 2017, Model-based approaches to deal with detectability: a comment on Hutto (2016): Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 5, p. 1694-1698, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1553.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1694","endPage":"1698","ipdsId":"IP-085010","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1553","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d829e4b0d1f9f060a17c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marques, Tiago A.","contributorId":194662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marques","given":"Tiago","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Len 0000-0002-7436-067X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-067X","contributorId":194663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Len","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":194664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckland, Steve T. 0000-0002-9939-709X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-709X","contributorId":194665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buckland","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borchers, David L.","contributorId":194666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rexstad, Eric","contributorId":194667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rexstad","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fewster, Rachel M.","contributorId":194668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fewster","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"MacKenzie, Darryl I.","contributorId":194669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Darryl","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Royle, J. 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Despite extensive theoretical and laboratory studies, this ‘critical slowing down’ remains largely untested in the complex settings of real-world ecosystems. Here, we provide both observational and experimental support of critical slowing down along natural stress gradients in tidal marsh ecosystems. Time series of aerial images of European marsh development reveal a consistent lengthening of recovery time as inundation stress increases. We corroborate this finding with transplantation experiments in European and North American tidal marshes. In particular, our results emphasize the power of direct observational or experimental measures of recovery over indirect statistical signatures, such as spatial variance or autocorrelation. Our results indicate that the phenomenon of critical slowing down can provide a powerful tool to probe the resilience of natural ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/ncomms15811","usgsCitation":"van Belzen, J., van de Koppel, J., Kirwan, M.L., van der Wal, D., Herman, P.M., Dakos, V., Kefi, S., Scheffer, M., Guntenspergen, G.R., and Bouma, T.J., 2017, Vegetation recovery in tidal marshes reveals critical slowing down under increased inundation: Nature Communications, v. 8, Article 15811; 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15811.","productDescription":"Article 15811; 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-081830","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15811","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a423e4b0702d0e843075","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Belzen, Jim","contributorId":207154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Belzen","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37466,"text":"Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, PO Box 140, Yerseke NL-4400 AC, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van de Koppel, Johan","contributorId":207155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van de Koppel","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37466,"text":"Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, PO Box 140, Yerseke NL-4400 AC, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L.","contributorId":191373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van der Wal, Daphne","contributorId":207156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van der Wal","given":"Daphne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37466,"text":"Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, PO Box 140, Yerseke NL-4400 AC, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herman, Peter M. 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The science surrounding honey bee health concerns and what we can do about it","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T11:31:40","indexId":"70188406","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Why does bee health matter? The science surrounding honey bee health concerns and what we can do about it","docAbstract":"A colony of honey bees is an amazing organism when it is healthy; it is a superorganism in many senses of the word. As with any organism, maintaining a state of health requires cohesiveness and interplay among cells and tissues and, in the case of a honey bee colony, the bees themselves. The individual bees that make up a honey bee colony deliver to the superorganism what it needs: pollen and nectar collected from flowering plants that contain nutrients necessary for growth and survival. Honey bees with access to better and more complete nutrition exhibit improved immune system function and behavioral defenses for fighting off effects of pathogens and pesticides (Evans and Spivak 2010; Mao, Schuler, and Berenbaum 2013; Wahl and Ulm 1983). Sadly, as this story is often told in the headlines, the focus is rarely about what it means for a honey bee colony to be healthy and is instead primarily focused on colony survival rates. Bee colonies are chronically exposed to parasitic mites, viruses, diseases, miticides, pesticides, and poor nutrition, which weaken and make innate defenses insufficient at overcoming these combined stressors. Colonies that are chronically weakened can be even more susceptible to infections and levels of pesticide exposure that might otherwise be innocuous, further promoting a downward spiral of health. Sick and weakened bees diminish the colony’s resiliency, ultimately leading to a breakdown in the social structure, production, efficiency, immunity, and reproduction of the colony, and eventual or sudden colony death.
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volcano gravimetry has shown great potential for imaging subsurface processes at active volcanoes (including some processes that might otherwise remain “hidden”), especially when combined with other methods (e.g., ground deformation, seismicity, and gas emissions). By supplying information on changes in the distribution of bulk mass over time, gravimetry can provide information regarding processes such as magma accumulation in void space, gas segregation at shallow depths, and mechanisms driving volcanic uplift and subsidence.\n\nDespite its potential, time-variable volcano gravimetry is an underexploited method, not widely adopted by volcano researchers or observatories. The cost of instrumentation and the difficulty in using it under harsh environmental conditions is a significant impediment to the exploitation of gravimetry at many volcanoes. In addition, retrieving useful information from gravity changes in noisy volcanic environments is a major challenge. While these difficulties are not trivial, neither are they insurmountable; indeed, creative efforts in a variety of volcanic settings highlight the value of time-variable gravimetry for understanding hazards as well as revealing fundamental insights into how volcanoes work.\n\nBuilding on previous work, we provide a comprehensive review of time-variable volcano gravimetry, including discussions of instrumentation, modeling and analysis techniques, and case studies that emphasize what can be learned from campaign, continuous, and hybrid gravity observations. We are hopeful that this exploration of time-variable volcano gravimetry will excite more scientists about the potential of the method, spurring further application, development, and innovation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.04.014","usgsCitation":"Carbone, D., Poland, M.P., Greco, F., and Diament, M., 2017, The added value of time-variable microgravimetry to the understanding of how volcanoes work: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 169, p. 146-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.04.014.","productDescription":"34 p. ","startPage":"146","endPage":"179","ipdsId":"IP-079219","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"169","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593ad6dfe4b0764e6c60213b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carbone, Daniele","contributorId":124561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbone","given":"Daniele","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greco, Filippo","contributorId":192761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greco","given":"Filippo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diament, Michel","contributorId":190642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diament","given":"Michel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187352,"text":"sir20175036 - 2017 - Performance measures for a Mississippi River reintroduction into the forested wetlands of Maurepas Swamp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T09:28:31","indexId":"sir20175036","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5036","title":"Performance measures for a Mississippi River reintroduction into the forested wetlands of Maurepas Swamp","docAbstract":"The use of freshwater diversions (river reintroductions) from the Mississippi River as a restoration tool to rehabilitate Louisiana coastal wetlands has been promoted widely since the first such diversion at Caernarvon became operational in the early 1990s. To date, aside from the Bonnet Carré Spillway (which is designed and operated for flood control), there are only four operational Mississippi River freshwater diversions (two gated structures and two siphons) in coastal Louisiana, and they all target salinity intrusion, shellfish management, and (or) the enhancement of the integrity of marsh habitat. River reintroductions carry small sediment loads for various design reasons, but they can be effective in delivering freshwater to combat saltwater intrusion and increase the delivery of nutrients and suspended fine-grained sediments to receiving wetlands. River reintroductions may be an ideal restoration tool for targeting coastal swamp forest habitat; much of the area of swamp forest habitat in coastal Louisiana is undergoing saltwater intrusion, high rates of submergence, and lack of riverine flow leading to reduced concentrations of important nutrients and suspended sediments, which sustain growth and regeneration, help to aerate swamp soils, and remove toxic compounds from the rhizosphere.
The State of Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) has made it a priority to establish a small freshwater river diversion into a coastal swamp forest located between Baton Rouge and New Orleans, Louisiana, to reintroduce Mississippi River water to Maurepas Swamp. While a full understanding of how a coastal swamp forest will respond to new freshwater loading through a Mississippi River reintroduction is unknown, this report provides guidance based on the available literature for establishing performance measures that can be used for evaluating the effectiveness of a Mississippi River reintroduction into the forested wetlands of Maurepas Swamp (project PO-29 of the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act) and aid in adaptive management of the project. PO-29 is a small river reintroduction in scope, and through its operation, it will provide information about the feasibility and reasonable expectations for future river reintroduction projects targeting coastal swamp forests in Louisiana.
Located near Garyville, Louisiana, the Mississippi River reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp project is being designed to deliver a maximum flow of 57 cubic meters per second (m3/s) (or about 2,000 cubic feet per second [ft3/s]) directly from the river, but with a maximum flow through the outflow channel of 42 m3/s (or 1,500 ft3/s) available for at least half of the year. The river reintroduction will divert Mississippi River water through channelized flow and surface water to impact approximately 16,583 hectares (ha) of wetland habitat, much of which is swamp forest and swamp forest transitioning into marsh habitat. The Mississippi River reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp and associated outfall management features collectively should facilitate connectivity of water between the Mississippi River and the entire project area.
At any given location, hydrologic connectivity should occur at intervals between twice yearly and once per decade, and hydrologic management must allow the potential for water drawdowns to foster tree regeneration every 3–13 years. The river reintroduction is also anticipated to maintain salinity in swamp forests dominated by Taxodium distichum (baldcypress) to less than 1.3 practical salinity units (psu) and maintain salinity in mixed baldcypress and Nyssa aquatica (water tupelo) swamp forests to less than 0.8 psu. The river reintroduction should promote soil surface elevation gains of 8–9 millimeters per year (mm/yr) (range, 4.9–12.1 mm/yr) to offset relative sea-level rise and keep total river water nitrate (NO3-) loading into Maurepas Swamp to about 11.25 grams (g) of nitrogen (N) per square meter per year (m-2 yr-1 ) (range, 7.1–15.4 g N m-2 yr-1) to promote near complete uptake of NO3- by the vegetation in the receiving wetlands and reduce impacts to water quality in adjacent and connected water ways (for example, Blind River) and Lake Maurepas. With these performance measures maintained over time, we further expect swamp forest stands to realize improvements in stand density index of as much as 30–45 percent of maximum values for the stand type while maintaining an overstory leaf area index of 2.0–2.9 square meters per square meter or higher as swamp forests recover from decades of low flow, saltwater intrusion, reduced nutrients, and surface elevation deficits associated with isolation from the Mississippi River.
Associated with these performance measures are two major uncertainties: (1) an assumption that we can rely on existing data, literature, and modeling from coastal swamp forests to establish these performance measures and (2) an unknown time frame for evaluating these performance measures. Some performance measures can be assessed quickly, such as those associated with hydrology and nutrient uptake. Some performance measures, such as changes in soil surface elevation and forest structural integrity, could take longer to assess. Once performance measures are assessed across different time scales, however, adjustments to operations of the Mississippi River reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp can be swift. The proposed performance measures are ideal targets, mostly without specific consideration of practical, operational constraints. The measures are intended to be the basis by which adaptive management of the diversion structures can be evaluated. The measures are defined without regard to current conditions so that project success can be evaluated on net outcomes rather than specific change from existing conditions. We expect that the Mississippi River reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp will slow degradation and extend the life of the swamp for decades to centuries.
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U.S. Geological Survey
700 Cajundome Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70506
Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The Western San Joaquin Valley is one of the study units being evaluated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., 2017, Groundwater quality in the western San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3028, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173028.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-041662","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3028/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":342309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3028/fs20173028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Western San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.9814453125,\n 37.61858263247881\n ],\n [\n -121.2176513671875,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -121.1077880859375,\n 37.36579146999664\n ],\n [\n -121.08032226562499,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -121.08581542968751,\n 37.07928445197303\n ],\n [\n -120.90866088867186,\n 36.98939086733937\n ],\n [\n -120.89492797851561,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -120.93612670898438,\n 36.910372213522535\n ],\n [\n -120.81527709960936,\n 36.90707799098376\n ],\n [\n -120.79639434814452,\n 36.87852210415612\n ],\n [\n -120.82969665527344,\n 36.873304009242545\n ],\n [\n -120.84754943847655,\n 36.865064186202645\n ],\n [\n -120.85166931152345,\n 36.8557246457806\n ],\n [\n -120.8396530151367,\n 36.837591691585295\n ],\n [\n -120.82523345947264,\n 36.832920385709144\n ],\n [\n -120.82660675048827,\n 36.85599935443738\n ],\n [\n -120.81184387207031,\n 36.86588820849843\n ],\n [\n -120.78678131103516,\n 36.86094394142341\n ],\n [\n -120.77579498291016,\n 36.84281222525469\n ],\n [\n -120.69717407226562,\n 36.66070786821854\n ],\n [\n -120.72189331054686,\n 36.61222072017988\n ],\n [\n -120.66009521484374,\n 36.55929085774001\n ],\n [\n -120.3936767578125,\n 36.328402729422656\n ],\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 36.02244668175846\n ],\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 35.94799468798152\n ],\n [\n -119.6905517578125,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -119.5806884765625,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -119.60266113281249,\n 36.301845303684324\n ],\n [\n -119.783935546875,\n 36.42570252039198\n ],\n [\n -120.13549804687501,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -120.091552734375,\n 36.59347887826919\n ],\n [\n -120.11352539062499,\n 36.6640126988417\n ],\n [\n -120.30578613281251,\n 36.76969233214548\n ],\n [\n -120.39916992187499,\n 36.92135192790115\n ],\n [\n -120.45959472656249,\n 37.004746084814784\n ],\n [\n -120.53924560546874,\n 37.131855694734625\n ],\n [\n -120.63812255859375,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -120.84960937499999,\n 37.30682947124943\n ],\n [\n -120.91552734375,\n 37.33304051804567\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 37.413800350662896\n ],\n [\n -121.00616455078124,\n 37.51844023887861\n ],\n [\n -120.9814453125,\n 37.61858263247881\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"California Water Science Center
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Persistent motion of the south flank of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, has been known for several decades, but has only recently been identified at other large basaltic volcanoes—namely Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion) and Etna (Sicily)—thanks to the advent of space geodetic techniques. Nevertheless, understanding of long-term flank instability is based largely on the example of Kīlauea, despite the large differences in the manifestations and mechanisms of the process when viewed through a comparative lens. For example, the rate of flank motion at Kīlauea is several times that of Etna and Piton de la Fournaise and is accommodated on a slip plane several km deeper than is probably present at the other two volcanoes. Gravitational spreading also appears to be the dominant driving force at Kīlauea, given the long-term steady motion of the volcano's south flank regardless of eruptive/intrusive activity, whereas magmatic activity plays a larger role in flank deformation at Etna and Piton de la Fournaise. Kīlauea and Etna, however, are both characterized by heavily faulted flanks, while Piton de la Fournaise shows little evidence for flank faulting. A helpful means of understanding the spectrum of persistent flank motion at large basaltic edifices may be through a framework defined on one hand by magmatic activity (which encompasses both magma supply and edifice size), and on the other hand by the structural setting of the volcano (especially the characteristics of the subvolcanic basement or subhorizontal intravolcanic weak zones). A volcano's size and magmatic activity will dictate the extent to which gravitational and magmatic forces can drive motion of an unstable flank (and possibly the level of faulting of that flank), while the volcano's structural setting governs whether or not a plane of weakness exists beneath or within the edifice and can facilitate flank slip. Considering persistent flank instability using this conceptual model is an alternative to using a single volcano as a “type example”—especially given that the example is usually Kīlauea, which defines an extreme end of the spectrum—and can provide a basis for understanding why flank motion may or may not exist on other large basaltic volcanoes worldwide.
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