We appreciate the comments of Young et al. (2017) on our recent paper (Muhlfeld et al., 2017) concerning spatiotemporal dynamics of hybridization between native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi; WCT) and introduced coastal rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus; RBT). Nevertheless, we believe there is no evidence for “ecological segregation” protecting WCT from hybridization with invasive RBT. Here we consider their three major arguments for ecological segregation and find their conclusions invalid.
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Shepard and Associates, Livingston, MT, 59047 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Westley, Peter A. H.","contributorId":190530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A. 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The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS)-MOD17 data product is a widely used remote sensing-based model that provides global estimates of spatiotemporal trends in GPP. When the MOD17 algorithm is applied to regional scale heterogeneous landscapes, input data from coarse resolution land cover and climate products may increase uncertainty in GPP estimates, especially in high productivity tropical ecosystems. We examined the influence of using locally specific land cover and high-resolution local climate input data on MOD17 estimates of GPP for the State of Hawaii, a heterogeneous and discontinuous tropical landscape. Replacing the global land cover data input product (MOD12Q1) with Hawaii-specific land cover data reduced statewide GPP estimates by ~8%, primarily because the Hawaii-specific land cover map had less vegetated land area compared to the global land cover product. Replacing coarse resolution GMAO climate data with Hawaii-specific high-resolution climate data also reduced statewide GPP estimates by ~8% because of the higher spatial variability of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the Hawaii-specific climate data. The combined use of both Hawaii-specific land cover and high-resolution Hawaii climate data inputs reduced statewide GPP by ~16%, suggesting equal and independent influence on MOD17 GPP estimates. Our sensitivity analyses within a heterogeneous tropical landscape suggest that refined global land cover and climate data sets may contribute to an enhanced MOD17 product at a variety of spatial scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0184466","usgsCitation":"Kimball, H.L., Selmants, P., Moreno, A., W, R.S., and Giardina, C.P., 2017, Evaluating the role of land cover and climate uncertainties in computing gross primary production in Hawaiian Island ecosystems: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 9, e0184466; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184466.","productDescription":"e0184466; 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-090329","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184466","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59c0db1ce4b091459a5f472a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Heather L.","contributorId":196550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selmants, Paul 0000-0001-6211-3957 pselmants@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6211-3957","contributorId":192591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selmants","given":"Paul","email":"pselmants@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moreno, Alvaro","contributorId":196551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moreno","given":"Alvaro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"W, Running Steve","contributorId":196552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"W","given":"Running","email":"","middleInitial":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Giardina, Christian P. 0000-0002-3431-5073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-5073","contributorId":182695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giardina","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200377,"text":"70200377 - 2017 - Glacial conditioning of stream position and flooding in the braid plain of the Exit Glacier foreland, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T16:36:39","indexId":"70200377","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-17T14:52:44","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial conditioning of stream position and flooding in the braid plain of the Exit Glacier foreland, Alaska","docAbstract":"Flow spilling out of an active braid plain often signals the onset of channel migration or avulsion to previously occupied areas. In a recently deglaciated environment, distinguishing between shifts in active braid plain location, considered reversible by fluvial processes at short timescales, and more permanent glacier-conditioned changes in stream position can be critical to understanding flood hazards. Between 2009 and 2014, increased spilling from the Exit Creek braid plain in Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska, repeatedly overtopped the only access road to the popular Exit Glacier visitor facilities and trails. To understand the likely cause of road flooding, we consider recent processes and the interplay between glacier and fluvial system dynamics since the maximum advance of the Little Ice Age, around 1815. Patterns of temperature and precipitation, the variables that drive high streamflow via snowmelt, glacier meltwater runoff, and rainfall, could not fully explain the timing of road floods. Comparison of high-resolution topographic data between 2008 and 2012 showed a strong pattern of braid plain aggradation along 3 km of glacier foreland, not unexpected at the base of mountainous glaciers and likely an impetus for channel migration. Historically, a dynamic zone follows the retreating glacier in which channel positions shift rapidly in response to changes in the glacier margin and fresh morainal deposits. This period of paraglacial adjustment lasts one to several decades at Exit Glacier. Subsequently, as moraine breaches consolidate and lock the channel into position, and as the stream regains the lower-elevation valley center, upper-elevation surfaces are abandoned as terraces inaccessible by fluvial processes for timescales of decades to centuries. Where not constrained by these terraces and moraines, the channel is free to migrate, which in this aggradational setting generates an alluvial fan at the breach of the final prominent moraine. The position of this fan is glacially conditioned but the process of migration of the braided channels across it is not. This broad perspective on channel controls identifies incipient avulsion into the roadside forest as part of a long-term fan-building process independent from changes in streamflow or sediment load.
","language":"English ","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.06.004","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., Loso, M.G., and Williams, H.B., 2017, Glacial conditioning of stream position and flooding in the braid plain of the Exit Glacier foreland, Alaska: Geomorphology, v. 293 , no. Part A, p. 272-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.06.004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"288","ipdsId":"IP-083495","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.06.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75T3HJZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Exit and Paradise Glacier Foreland, Alaska River and Glacier Maps, Channel Surveys, Digital Elevation Model, and Orthophoto, 1800s-2013"},{"id":358388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Exit Glacier, Paradise Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.8333,\n 60.0667\n ],\n [\n -149.3333,\n 60.0667\n ],\n [\n -149.3333,\n 60.2\n ],\n [\n -149.8333,\n 60.2\n ],\n [\n -149.8333,\n 60.0667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"293 ","issue":"Part A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ab24e4b034bf6a7e60a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loso, Michael G.","contributorId":146361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loso","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12915,"text":"Alaska Pacific University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Haley B. 0000-0002-3396-3626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-3626","contributorId":209726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Haley","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190831,"text":"70190831 - 2017 - Observations of raccoon (Procyon lotor) predation on the invasive Maculata apple snail (Pomacea maculata) in southern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T17:21:41.212042","indexId":"70190831","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Observations of raccoon (Procyon lotor) predation on the invasive Maculata apple snail (Pomacea maculata) in southern Louisiana","title":"Observations of raccoon (Procyon lotor) predation on the invasive Maculata apple snail (Pomacea maculata) in southern Louisiana","docAbstract":"We used camera traps to determine which predators were responsible for depredated Pomacea maculata (Maculata Apple Snail) shells at 2 different study sites. Evidence of predation at these sites included operculums near the shells with a small amount of flesh attached and shells accumulating a meter or more from the water’s edge with no evidence of recent flooding. In both locations, the most frequently observed potential predators were Procyon lotor (Raccoon), which was the only species directly observed capturing and eating Apple Snails.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Publications","doi":"10.1656/058.016.0302","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., Merino, S., Prejean, D., and LaFleur, G., 2017, Observations of raccoon (Procyon lotor) predation on the invasive Maculata apple snail (Pomacea maculata) in southern Louisiana: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 16, no. 3, p. N14-N18, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.016.0302.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"N14","endPage":"N18","ipdsId":"IP-085459","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N87807","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Video observations of raccoon (Procyon loctor) predation on the invasive Maculata apple snail (Pomacea maculata) in south Louisiana, USA - 2017"},{"id":345823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.02099609375,\n 28.700224692776988\n ],\n [\n -89.176025390625,\n 28.700224692776988\n ],\n [\n -89.176025390625,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -94.02099609375,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -94.02099609375,\n 28.700224692776988\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf8998e4b091459a5e0877","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merino, Sergio 0000-0002-2834-2243 merinos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2243","contributorId":3653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merino","given":"Sergio","email":"merinos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prejean, Drew","contributorId":195560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prejean","given":"Drew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33463,"text":"Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaFleur, Gary","contributorId":195559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaFleur","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33463,"text":"Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190838,"text":"70190838 - 2017 - A rare and cryptic endemic of the Central Rocky Mountains, U.S.A: The distribution of the Arapahoe snowfly, Arsapnia arapahoe (Nelson & Kondratieff, 1988) (Plecoptera: Capniidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-23T11:58:59.600213","indexId":"70190838","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1972,"text":"Illiesia","onlineIssn":"1854-0392","printIssn":"1855-5810","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A rare and cryptic endemic of the Central Rocky Mountains, U.S.A: The distribution of the Arapahoe snowfly, Arsapnia arapahoe (Nelson & Kondratieff, 1988) (Plecoptera: Capniidae)","title":"A rare and cryptic endemic of the Central Rocky Mountains, U.S.A: The distribution of the Arapahoe snowfly, Arsapnia arapahoe (Nelson & Kondratieff, 1988) (Plecoptera: Capniidae)","docAbstract":"The Arapahoe snowfly, Arsapnia arapahoe (Nelson & Kondratieff, 1988) (Plecoptera: Capniidae) is a candidate species warranted for listing under the Endangered Species Act. Prior to this study, A. arapahoe was known from only two tributaries of the Cache la Poudre River in Larimer County, Colorado: Young Gulch and Elkhorn Creek. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of this endemic stonefly, and to identify sympatric species as possible surrogate indicators of its occurrence. Eighty-four streams were sampled within the expected geographical range and emergence time-period from 2013 to 2017. Adults of A. arapahoe were discovered in 19 first-, second-, and fourth-order streams beyond the original type localities tributary to the Cache la Poudre River. The new and recently recorded localities were discovered in the Big Thompson River, St. Vrain River, Boulder Creek, and Upper South Platte River Watersheds. Two species, A. decepta (Banks, 1897) and Capnia gracilaria Claassen, 1924, always co-occurred with A. arapahoe, suggesting this species pair may serve as a surrogate indicator of suitable stream habitat for A. arapahoe. Suggestions for future investigation into the distribution, life-history, and habitat of A. arapahoe are presented to aid the conservation of this rare and endemic Colorado stonefly.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Illinois","usgsCitation":"Fairchild, M.P., Belcher, T.P., Zuellig, R.E., Vieira, N.M., and Kondratieff, B.C., 2017, A rare and cryptic endemic of the Central Rocky Mountains, U.S.A: The distribution of the Arapahoe snowfly, Arsapnia arapahoe (Nelson & Kondratieff, 1988) (Plecoptera: Capniidae): Illiesia, v. 13, no. 4, p. 50-58.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"58","ipdsId":"IP-086310","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345804,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://illiesia.speciesfile.org/html/2017.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.8,\n 37.8\n ],\n [\n -104.5,\n 37.8\n ],\n [\n -104.5,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -105.8,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -105.8,\n 37.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf8996e4b091459a5e0875","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fairchild, Matthew P.","contributorId":196533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fairchild","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":24595,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belcher, Thomas P. III","contributorId":196532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belcher","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vieira, Nicole M. K.","contributorId":104172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vieira","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M. K.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kondratieff, Boris C.","contributorId":24868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kondratieff","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190856,"text":"70190856 - 2017 - Sediment unmixing using detrital geochronology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-17T11:23:16","indexId":"70190856","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment unmixing using detrital geochronology","docAbstract":"Sediment mixing within sediment routing systems can exert a strong influence on the preservation of provenance signals that yield insight into the influence of environmental forcings (e.g., tectonism, climate) on the earth’s surface. Here we discuss two approaches to unmixing detrital geochronologic data in an effort to characterize complex changes in the sedimentary record. First we summarize ‘top-down’ mixing, which has been successfully employed in the past to characterize the different fractions of prescribed source distributions (‘parents’) that characterize a derived sample or set of samples (‘daughters’). Second we propose the use of ‘bottom-up’ methods, previously used primarily for grain size distributions, to model parent distributions and the abundances of these parents within a set of daughters. We demonstrate the utility of both top-down and bottom-up approaches to unmixing detrital geochronologic data within a well-constrained sediment routing system in central California. Use of a variety of goodness-of-fit metrics in top-down modeling reveals the importance of considering the range of allowable mixtures over any single best-fit mixture calculation. Bottom-up modeling of 12 daughter samples from beaches and submarine canyons yields modeled parent distributions that are remarkably similar to those expected from the geologic context of the sediment-routing system. In general, mixture modeling has potential to supplement more widely applied approaches in comparing detrital geochronologic data by casting differences between samples as differing proportions of geologically meaningful end-member provenance categories.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.044","usgsCitation":"Sharman, G.R., and Johnstone, S., 2017, Sediment unmixing using detrital geochronology: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 477, p. 183-194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.044.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"194","ipdsId":"IP-086349","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"477","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf8993e4b091459a5e0873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharman, Glenn R.","contributorId":196537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharman","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34621,"text":"Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnstone, Samuel 0000-0002-3945-2499 sjohnstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-2499","contributorId":196536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnstone","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnstone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190828,"text":"70190828 - 2017 - Sensitivity of the downward to sweeping velocity ratio to the bypass flow percentage along a guide wall for downstream fish passage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-17T10:01:00","indexId":"70190828","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of the downward to sweeping velocity ratio to the bypass flow percentage along a guide wall for downstream fish passage","docAbstract":"Partial-depth impermeable guidance structures (or guide walls) are used as a method to assist in the downstream passage of fish at a hydroelectric facility. However, guide walls can result in a strong downward velocity causing the approaching fish to pass below the wall and into the direction of the turbine intakes. The objective of this study was to describe how the ratio of the vertical velocity to the sweeping velocity magnitude changes along the full length and depth of a guide wall under a wide range of bypass flow percentages within a power canal. This paper focused on two guide wall configurations, each set at an angle of 45 ° to the approaching flow field and at a depth of 10 and 20 ft (3.05 and 6.10 m). The hydraulic conditions upstream of each guide wall configuration were shown to be impacted by a change in the bypass flow percentage, not only near the bypass but also at upstream sections of the guide wall. Furthermore, the effect of changing the bypass flow percentage was similar for both guide wall depths. In both cases, the effect of increasing the bypass flow percentage was magnified closer to the bypass and deeper in the water column along the guide wall.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.012","usgsCitation":"Mulligan, K., Towler, B., Haro, A.J., and Ahlfeld, D.P., 2017, Sensitivity of the downward to sweeping velocity ratio to the bypass flow percentage along a guide wall for downstream fish passage: Ecological Engineering, v. 109, no. Part A, p. 10-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.012.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-080644","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1549958","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"Part A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf8999e4b091459a5e0879","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulligan, Kevin 0000-0002-3534-4239 kmulligan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3534-4239","contributorId":177024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulligan","given":"Kevin","email":"kmulligan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Towler, Brett","contributorId":141164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Towler","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haro, Alexander J. 0000-0002-7188-9172 aharo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":2917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alexander","email":"aharo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ahlfeld, David P.","contributorId":196530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahlfeld","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":34616,"text":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70206269,"text":"70206269 - 2017 - A reference landform ontology for automated delineation of depression landforms from DEMs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-29T08:56:47","indexId":"70206269","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-16T08:53:40","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A reference landform ontology for automated delineation of depression landforms from DEMs","docAbstract":"Abstract The landform reference ontology (LFRO) is being developed to formalize ontological distinctions underlying naïve geographic cognition and reasoning about landforms. The LFRO taxonomy is currently based only on form-based distinctions. In this significantly revised version, several new categories have been added to explicate ontological distinctions related to material-spatial dependence and physical support. Nuances of common natural language landform terms and implications for their mapping are discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"COSIT 2017: Proceedings of workshops and posters at the 13th international conference on spatial information theory","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International conference on spatial information theory","conferenceDate":"September 4-8, 2017","conferenceLocation":"L’Aquila, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-63946-8_23","usgsCitation":"Sinha, G., Arundel, S., Hahmann, T., Usery, E., Stewart, K.C., and Mark, D., 2017, A reference landform ontology for automated delineation of depression landforms from DEMs, in COSIT 2017: Proceedings of workshops and posters at the 13th international conference on spatial information theory, L’Aquila, Italy, September 4-8, 2017, p. 111-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63946-8_23.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"116","ipdsId":"IP-097403","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinha, Gaurav","contributorId":220051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinha","given":"Gaurav","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12807,"text":"Ohio University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arundel, Samantha T. 0000-0002-4863-0138 sarundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-0138","contributorId":192598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Samantha","email":"sarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hahmann, Torsten","contributorId":149994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahmann","given":"Torsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17881,"text":"Assistant Professor, University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":204684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E. Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stewart, Kathleen C.","contributorId":215517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":774021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mark, David","contributorId":220061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mark","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40126,"text":"University of Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179092,"text":"cir1425 - 2017 - Investigating the landscape of Arroyo Seco—Decoding the past—A teaching guide to climate-controlled landscape evolution in a tectonically active region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-18T10:35:51","indexId":"cir1425","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-15T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1425","title":"Investigating the landscape of Arroyo Seco—Decoding the past—A teaching guide to climate-controlled landscape evolution in a tectonically active region","docAbstract":"Arroyo Seco is a river that flows eastward out of the Santa Lucia Range in Monterey County, California. The Santa Lucia Range is considered part of the central California Coast Range. Arroyo Seco flows out of the Santa Lucia Range into the Salinas River valley, near the town of Greenfield, where it joins the Salinas River. The Salinas River flows north into Monterey Bay about 40 miles from where it merges with Arroyo Seco. In the mountain range, Arroyo Seco has cut or eroded a broad and deep valley. This valley preserves a geologic story in the landscape that is influenced by both fault-controlled mountain building (tectonics) and sea level fluctuations (regional climate).
Broad flat surfaces called river terraces, once eroded by Arroyo Seco, can be observed along the modern drainage. In the valley, terraces are also preserved like climbing stairs up to 1,800 feet above Arroyo Seco today. These terraces mark where Arroyo Seco once flowed.The terraces were formed by the river because no matter how high they are, the terraces are covered by gravel deposits exactly like those that can be observed in the river today. The Santa Lucia Range, Arroyo Seco, and the Salinas River valley must have looked very different when the highest and oldest terraces were forming. The Santa Lucia Range may have been lower, the Arroyo Seco may have been steeper and wider, and the Salinas River valley may have been much smaller.
Arroyo Seco, like all rivers, is always changing. Some-times rivers flow very straight, and sometimes they are curvy. Sometimes rivers are cutting down or eroding the landscape, and sometimes they are not eroding but depositing material. Sometimes rivers are neither eroding nor transporting material. The influences that change the behavior of Arroyo Seco are mountain uplift caused by fault moment and sea level changes driven by regional climate change. When a stream is affected by one or both of these influences, the stream accommodates the change by eroding, depositing, and (or) changing its shape.
In the vicinity of Arroyo Seco, the geologically young faulting history is relatively well understood. Geologists have some sense of the most recent faulting event and of the faulting in the recent geologic past. The timing of regional climate changes is also well accepted. In this area, warm climate cycles tend to cause the sea level to rise, and cool climate cycles tend to cause the sea level to fall. If we understand the way the terraces form and their ages in Arroyo Seco, we can draw conclusions about whether faulting and (or) climate contributed to their formation.
This publication serves as a descriptive companion to the formal geologic map of Arroyo Seco (Taylor and Sweetkind, 2014) and is intended for use by nonscientists and students. Included is a discussion of the processes that controlled the evolution of the drainage and the formation of the terraces in Arroyo Seco. The reader is guided to well-exposed landscape features in an easily accessible environment that will help nonscientists gain an understanding of how features on a geologic map are interpreted in terms of earth processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1425","usgsCitation":"Taylor, E.M., Sweetkind, D.S., and Havens, J.C., 2017, Investigating the landscape of Arroyo Seco—Decoding the past—A teaching guide to climate-controlled landscape evolution in a tectonically active region: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1425, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/c1425.","productDescription":"v, 45 p","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074496","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1425/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":341360,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1425/c1425.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1425"},{"id":345815,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1425/versionHist.txt","size":"4.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Circular 1425 Version History"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey County","otherGeospatial":"Arroyo Seco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.0855712890625,\n 36.89719446989036\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 36.91915611148194\n ],\n [\n -121.8988037109375,\n 36.89280138293983\n ],\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 36.848856608486905\n ],\n [\n -121.84936523437499,\n 36.74768773190056\n ],\n [\n -121.86584472656251,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -121.8878173828125,\n 36.641977814705946\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -122.01416015625,\n 36.61552763134925\n ],\n [\n -122.00317382812499,\n 36.5670120564234\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 36.26199220445664\n ],\n [\n -121.5911865234375,\n 36.00911716117325\n ],\n [\n -121.3385009765625,\n 35.652832827451654\n ],\n [\n -121.19567871093751,\n 35.60818490437746\n ],\n [\n -121.0308837890625,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -120.94299316406249,\n 35.42486791930558\n ],\n [\n -120.61889648437501,\n 35.303918565311704\n ],\n [\n -118.28979492187499,\n 35.25459097465022\n ],\n [\n -119.13574218749999,\n 36.619936625629215\n ],\n [\n -119.5037841796875,\n 36.91915611148194\n ],\n [\n -119.7015380859375,\n 37.155938651244625\n ],\n [\n -119.84985351562499,\n 37.24782120155428\n ],\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 37.208456662000195\n ],\n [\n -121.57470703125,\n 37.077093191754436\n ],\n [\n -122.0855712890625,\n 36.89719446989036\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted May 19, 2017; Version 1.1: September 15, 2017","contact":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225-0046
The West Hills of Portland, in the southern Tualatin Mountains, trend northwest along the west side of Portland, Oregon. These silt-mantled mountains receive significant wet-season precipitation and are prone to sliding during wet conditions, occasionally resulting in property damage or casualties. In an effort to develop a baseline for interpretive analysis of the groundwater response to rainfall, an automated monitoring system was installed in 2006 to measure rainfall, pore-water pressure, soil suction, soil-water potential, and volumetric water content at 15-minute intervals. The data show a cyclical pattern of groundwater and moisture content levels—wet from October to May and dry between June and September. Saturated soil conditions tend to last throughout the wet season. These data show the hydrologic response of the monitored area to rainfall and provide insight into the dynamics of rainfall-initiated landsliding. This report details the monitoring methods and presents data collected from January 10, 2006, through January 23, 2017.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Portland State University","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., Godt, J.W., Baum, R.L., Coe, J.A., Ellis, W.L., Jones, E.S., and Burns, S.F., 2017, Results of hydrologic monitoring of a landslide-prone hillslope in Portland’s West Hills, Oregon, 2006–2017: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1050, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1050.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-080635","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345599,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KK98XK","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Results of Hydrologic Monitoring of a Landslide-Prone Hillslope in Portland’s West Hills, Oregon, 2006–2017"},{"id":345590,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1050/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345591,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1050/ds1050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1050"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Portland","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin Mountains, West Hills of Portland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.7372,\n 45.5214\n ],\n [\n -122.7333,\n 45.5214\n ],\n [\n -122.7333,\n 45.5233\n ],\n [\n -122.7372,\n 45.5233\n ],\n [\n -122.7372,\n 45.5214\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–966
Denver, CO 80225–0046
Several streams used for recreational activities, such as fishing, swimming, and boating, in Chester County, Pennsylvania, are known to have periodic elevated concentrations of fecal coliform bacteria, a type of bacteria used to indicate the potential presence of fecally related pathogens that may pose health risks to humans exposed through water contact. The availability of near real-time continuous stream discharge, turbidity, and other water-quality data for some streams in the county presents an opportunity to use surrogates to estimate near real-time concentrations of fecal coliform (FC) bacteria and thus provide some information about associated potential health risks during recreational use of streams.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Chester County Health Department (CCHD) and the Chester County Water Resources Authority (CCWRA), has collected discrete stream samples for analysis of FC concentrations during March–October annually at or near five gaging stations where near real-time continuous data on stream discharge, turbidity, and water temperature have been collected since 2007 (or since 2012 at 2 of the 5 stations). In 2014, the USGS, in cooperation with the CCWRA and CCHD, began to develop regression equations to estimate FC concentrations using available near real-time continuous data. Regression equations included possible explanatory variables of stream discharge, turbidity, water temperature, and seasonal factors calculated using Julian Day with base-10 logarithmic (log) transformations of selected variables.
The regression equations were developed using the data from 2007 to 2015 (101–106 discrete bacteria samples per site) for three gaging stations on Brandywine Creek (West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena, East Branch Brandywine Creek below Downingtown, and Brandywine Creek at Chadds Ford) and from 2012 to 2015 (37–38 discrete bacteria samples per site) for one station each on French Creek near Phoenixville and White Clay Creek near Strickersville. Fecal coliform bacteria data collected by USGS in 2016 (about nine samples per site) were used to validate the equations. The best-fit regression equations included log turbidity and seasonality factors computed using Julian Day as explanatory variables to estimate log FC concentrations at all five stream sites. The adjusted coefficient of determination for the equations ranged from 0.61 to 0.76, with the strength of the regression equations likely affected in part by the limited amount and variability of FC bacteria data. During summer months, the estimated and measured FC concentrations commonly were greater than the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection established standards of 200 and 400 colonies per 100 milliliters for water contact from May through September at the 5 stream sites, with concentrations typically higher at 2 sites (White Clay Creek and West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena) than at the other 3 sites. The estimated concentrations of FC bacteria during the summer months commonly were higher than measured concentrations and therefore could be considered cautious estimates of potential human-health risk. Additional water-quality data are needed to maintain and (or) improve the ability of regression equations to estimate FC concentrations by use of surrogate data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Health Department and Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., 2017, Estimated fecal coliform bacteria concentrations using near real-time continuous water-quality and streamflow data from five stream sites in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 2007–16 (ver. 1.2, March 2024): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5075, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175075.","productDescription":"Report: x, 46 p.; Appendix 1-5; Data Release","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084822","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499300,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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Strickersville, Pennsylvania"},{"id":345655,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/sir20175075_appendix4.pdf","text":"Appendix 4","size":"348 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Model Archive Summary for Best-Fit Regression Developed to Estimate Fecal Coliform Concentration at Station 01472157; French Creek near Phoenixville, Pennsylvania"},{"id":345654,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/sir20175075_appendix3.pdf","text":"Appendix 3","size":"429 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Model Archive Summary for Best-Fit Regression Developed to Estimate Fecal Coliform Concentration at Station 01481000; Brandywine Creek at Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania"},{"id":345653,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/sir20175075_appendix2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"434 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Model Archive Summary for Best-Fit Regression Developed to Estimate Fecal Coliform Concentration at Station 01480870; East Branch Brandywine Creek below Downingtown, Pennsylvania"},{"id":345650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/coverthb4.jpg"},{"id":345652,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/sir20175075_appendix1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"505 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Model Archive Summary for Best-Fit Regression Developed to Estimate Fecal Coliform Concentration at Station 01480617; West Branch Brandywine Creek at Modena, Pennsylvania"},{"id":345651,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5075/sir20175075.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5075"}],"country":"United 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1.0: September 2017; Version 1.1: April 2023; Version 1.2: March 2024","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070-2424
A module for simulation of daily mean water temperature in a network of stream segments has been developed as an enhancement to the U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). This new module is based on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Stream Network Temperature model, a mechanistic, one-dimensional heat transport model. The new module is integrated in PRMS. Stream-water temperature simulation is activated by selection of the appropriate input flags in the PRMS Control File and by providing the necessary additional inputs in standard PRMS input files.This report includes a comprehensive discussion of the methods relevant to the stream temperature calculations and detailed instructions for model input preparation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section D: Groundwater/surface-water interactions in Book 6: Modeling techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6D4","usgsCitation":"Sanders, M.J., Markstrom, S.L., Regan, R.S., and Atkinson, R.D., 2017, Documentation of a daily mean stream temperature module—An enhancement to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. D4, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6D4.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081476","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345706,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/d04/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345707,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/d04/tm6d4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"796 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 6-D4"}],"publicComments":"This report in Chapter 4 of Section D: Groundwater/surface-water interactions in Book 6: Modeling techniques.","contact":"Chief, Branch of Regional Research, Central Region
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–418
Denver, CO 80225–0046
The Colorado Plateau hosts several large accumulations of naturally occurring, non-hydrocarbon gases, including CO2, N2, and the noble gases, making it a good field location to study the fluxes of these gases within the crust and to the atmosphere. In this study, we present a compilation of 1252 published gas-composition measurements. The data reveal at least three natural gas associations in the field area, which are dominated by hydrocarbons, CO2, and N2 + He + Ar, respectively. Most gas accumulations of the region exhibit compositions that are intermediate between the three end members. The first non-hydrocarbon gas association is characterized by very high-purity CO2, in excess of 75 mol% (hereafter, %). Many of these high-purity CO2 fields have recently been well described and interpreted as magmatic in origin. The second non-hydrocarbon gas association is less well described on the Colorado Plateau. It exhibits He concentrations on the order of 1–10%, and centered log ratio biplots show that He occurs proportionally to both N2 and Ar. Overall ratios of N2 to He to Ar are ≈100:10:1 and correlation in concentrations of these gases suggests that they have been sourced from the same reservoir and/or by a common process. To complement the analysis of the gas-composition data, stable isotope and noble-gas isotope measurements are compiled or newly reported from 11 representative fields (previously published data from 4 fields and new data from 7 fields). Gas sampled from the Harley Dome gas field in Utah contains nearly pure N2 + He + Ar. The various compositional and stable and noble gas isotopic data for this gas indicate that noble gas molecule/isotope ratios are near crustal radiogenic production values and also suggest a crustal N2 source. Across the field area, most of the high-purity N2 + He + Ar gas accumulations are associated with the mapped surface trace of structures or sutures in the Precambrian basement and are often accumulated in lower parts of the overlying Phanerozoic sedimentary cover. The high-purity gas association mostly occurs in areas interior to the plateau that are characterized by a narrow range of elevated, moderate heat flow values (53–74 mW/m2) in the ancient (1.8–1.6 Ga) basement terranes of the region. Collectively, the geochemical and geological data suggest that (1) the N2 + He + Ar gas association is sourced from a crustal reservoir, (2) the gas association migrates preferentially along structures in the Precambrian basement, and (3) the sourcing process relates to heating of the crust. Prospecting for noble-gas accumulations may target areas with elevated Cenozoic heat flow, ancient crust, and deep crustal structures that focus gas migration. High-purity CO2 gas may also migrate through regional basement structures, however, there is not always a clear spatial association. Rather, CO2 accumulations are more clearly associated with zones of high heat flow (>63 mW/m2) that sit above hot upper mantle and are proximal to Cenozoic volcanic rocksnear the plateau margins. These observations are consistent with previous interpretations of a magmatic gas source, which were based on geochemical measurements.
Dam removals with unmanaged sediment releases are good opportunities to learn about channel response to abruptly increased bed material supply. Understanding these events is important because they affect aquatic habitats and human uses of floodplains. A longstanding paradigm in geomorphology holds that response rates to landscape disturbance exponentially decay through time. However, a previous study of the Merrimack Village Dam (MVD) removal on the Souhegan River in New Hampshire, USA, showed that an exponential function poorly described the early geomorphic response. Erosion of impounded sediments there was two-phased. We had an opportunity to quantitatively test the two-phase response model proposed for MVD by extending the record there and comparing it with data from the Simkins Dam removal on the Patapsco River in Maryland, USA. The watershed sizes are the same order of magnitude (102 km2), and at both sites low-head dams were removed (~3–4 m) and ~65 000 m3 of sand-sized sediments were discharged to low-gradient reaches. Analyzing four years of repeat morphometry and sediment surveys at the Simkins site, as well as continuous discharge and turbidity data, we observed the two-phase erosion response described for MVD. In the early phase, approximately 50% of the impounded sediment at Simkins was eroded rapidly during modest flows. After incision to base level and widening, a second phase began when further erosion depended on floods large enough to go over bank and access impounded sediments more distant from the newly-formed channel. Fitting functional forms to the data for both sites, we found that two-phase exponential models with changing decay constants fit the erosion data better than single-phase models. Valley width influences the two-phase erosion responses upstream, but downstream responses appear more closely related to local gradient, sediment re-supply from the upstream impoundments, and base flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.4108","usgsCitation":"Collins, M.J., Snyder, N.P., Boardman, G., Banks, W.S., Andrews, M., Baker, M.E., Conlon, M., Gellis, A.C., McClain, S., Miller, A., and Wilcock, P., 2017, Channel response to sediment release: insights from a paired analysis of dam removal: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 42, no. 11, p. 1636-1651, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4108.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1636","endPage":"1651","ipdsId":"IP-072066","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Simkins Dam ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.79872512817383,\n 39.264689574787724\n ],\n [\n -76.70053482055663,\n 39.20671884491848\n ],\n [\n -76.69126510620117,\n 39.215630305545304\n ],\n [\n -76.78979873657227,\n 39.27213188522936\n ],\n [\n -76.79872512817383,\n 39.264689574787724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05121e4b0220bbd9a1d83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Mathias J.","contributorId":181551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Mathias","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Noah P.","contributorId":198029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boardman, Graham","contributorId":198030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boardman","given":"Graham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banks, William S. 0000-0002-2090-8708 wsbanks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2090-8708","contributorId":2349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"William","email":"wsbanks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, Mary","contributorId":198031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baker, Matthew E.","contributorId":42889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conlon, Maricate","contributorId":198032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conlon","given":"Maricate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":197684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McClain, Serena","contributorId":198033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClain","given":"Serena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, Andrew","contributorId":196361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilcock, Peter","contributorId":198034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcock","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70190802,"text":"70190802 - 2017 - Assessing coastal wetland vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast: Gaps and opportunities for developing a coordinated regional sampling network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T15:55:52","indexId":"70190802","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing coastal wetland vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast: Gaps and opportunities for developing a coordinated regional sampling network","docAbstract":"Coastal wetland responses to sea-level rise are greatly influenced by biogeomorphic processes that affect wetland surface elevation. Small changes in elevation relative to sea level can lead to comparatively large changes in ecosystem structure, function, and stability. The surface elevation table-marker horizon (SET-MH) approach is being used globally to quantify the relative contributions of processes affecting wetland elevation change. Historically, SET-MH measurements have been obtained at local scales to address site-specific research questions. However, in the face of accelerated sea-level rise, there is an increasing need for elevation change network data that can be incorporated into regional ecological models and vulnerability assessments. In particular, there is a need for long-term, high-temporal resolution data that are strategically distributed across ecologically-relevant abiotic gradients. Here, we quantify the distribution of SET-MH stations along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast (USA) across political boundaries (states), wetland habitats, and ecologically-relevant abiotic gradients (i.e., gradients in temperature, precipitation, elevation, and relative sea-level rise). Our analyses identify areas with high SET-MH station densities as well as areas with notable gaps. Salt marshes, intermediate elevations, and colder areas with high rainfall have a high number of stations, while salt flat ecosystems, certain elevation zones, the mangrove-marsh ecotone, and hypersaline coastal areas with low rainfall have fewer stations. Due to rapid rates of wetland loss and relative sea-level rise, the state of Louisiana has the most extensive SET-MH station network in the region, and we provide several recent examples where data from Louisiana’s network have been used to assess and compare wetland vulnerability to sea-level rise. Our findings represent the first attempt to examine spatial gaps in SET-MH coverage across abiotic gradients. Our analyses can be used to transform a broadly disseminated and unplanned collection of SET-MH stations into a coordinated and strategic regional network. This regional network would provide data for predicting and preparing for the responses of coastal wetlands to accelerated sea-level rise and other aspects of global change.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0183431","usgsCitation":"Osland, M.J., Griffith, K.T., Larriviere, J., Feher, L.C., Cahoon, D.R., Enwright, N.M., Oster, D.A., Tirpak, J.M., Woodrey, M.S., Collini, R.C., Baustian, J.J., Breithaupt, J.L., Cherry, J., Conrad, J.R., Cormier, N., Coronado-Molina, C.A., Donoghue, J.F., Graham, S.A., Harper, J.W., Hester, M.W., Howard, R.J., Krauss, K.W., Kroes, D., Lane, R.R., McKee, K.L., Mendelssohn, I.A., Middleton, B.A., Moon, J.A., Piazza, S., Rankin, N.M., Sklar, F.H., Steyer, G.D., Swanson, K.M., Swarzenski, C.M., Vervaeke, W., Willis, J.M., and Van Wilson, K., 2017, Assessing coastal wetland vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast: Gaps and opportunities for developing a coordinated regional sampling network: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 9, Article e0183431; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183431.","productDescription":"Article e0183431; 23 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Observations in recent years suggest that this resistance may be weakening, shown by: significant increases of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and decreases of dissolved oxygen (DO), common occurrences of phytoplankton taxa that can form Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), and algal toxins in water and mussels reaching levels of concern. As a result, managers now ask: what levels of chl-a in SFB constitute tipping points of phytoplankton biomass beyond which water quality will become degraded, requiring significant nutrient reductions to avoid impairments? We analyzed data for DO, phytoplankton species composition, chl-a, and algal toxins to derive quantitative relationships between three indicators (HAB abundance, toxin concentrations, DO) and chl-a. Quantile regressions relating HAB abundance and DO to chl-a were significant, indicating SFB is at increased risk of adverse HAB and low DO levels if chl-a continues to increase. Conditional probability analysis (CPA) showed chl-a of 13 mg m−3 as a “protective” threshold below which probabilities for exceeding alert levels for HAB abundance and toxins were reduced. This threshold was similar to chl-a of 13–16 mg m−3 that would meet a SFB-wide 80% saturation Water Quality Criterion (WQC) for DO. Higher “at risk” chl-a thresholds from 25 to 40 mg m−3 corresponded to 0.5 probability of exceeding alert levels for HAB abundance, and for DO below a WQC of 5.0 mg L−1 designated for lower South Bay (LSB) and South Bay (SB). We submit these thresholds as a basis to assess eutrophication status of SFB and to inform nutrient management actions. This approach is transferrable to other estuaries to derive chl-a thresholds protective against eutrophication.
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This program, which began in 1949, includes hydrologic monitoring networks and investigative studies that describe the effects of waste disposal on water contained in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer and the availability of water for long-term consumptive and industrial use. Interpretive reports documenting study findings are available to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its contractors; other Federal, State, and local agencies; private firms; and the public at https://id.water.usgs.gov/INL/Pubs/index.html. Information contained within these reports is crucial to the management and use of the aquifer by the INL and the State of Idaho. USGS geohydrologic studies and monitoring are done in cooperation with the DOE Idaho Operations Office.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173070","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey geohydrologic studies and monitoring at the Idaho National Laboratory, southeastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3070, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173070.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090121","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345796,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3070/fs20173070.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3070"},{"id":345795,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3070/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.73046875,\n 43.36312895068202\n ],\n [\n -112.2308349609375,\n 43.36312895068202\n ],\n [\n -112.2308349609375,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -113.73046875,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -113.73046875,\n 43.36312895068202\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Idaho National Laboratory Project Office
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Control of invasive species within ecosystems may induce secondary invasions of non-target invaders replacing the first alien. We used four plant species listed as noxious by local authorities in riparian systems to discern whether 1) the severity of these secondary invasions was related to the control method applied to the first alien; and 2) which species that were secondary invaders persisted over time. In a collaborative study by 16 research institutions, we monitored plant species composition following control of non-native Tamarix trees along southwestern U.S. rivers using defoliation by an introduced biocontrol beetle, and three physical removal methods: mechanical using saws, heavy machinery, and burning in 244 treated and 79 untreated sites across six U.S. states. Physical removal favored secondary invasions immediately after Tamarix removal (0–3 yrs.), while in the biocontrol treatment, secondary invasions manifested later (> 5 yrs.). Within this general trend, the response of weeds to control was idiosyncratic; dependent on treatment type and invader. Two annual tumbleweeds that only reproduce by seed (Bassia scoparia and Salsola tragus) peaked immediately after physical Tamarix removal and persisted over time, even after herbicide application. Acroptilon repens, a perennial forb that vigorously reproduces by rhizomes, and Bromus tectorum, a very frequent annual grass before removal that only reproduces by seed, were most successful at biocontrol sites, and progressively spread as the canopy layer opened. These results demonstrate that strategies to control Tamarix affect secondary invasions differently among species and that time since disturbance is an important, generally overlooked, factor affecting response.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.06.043","usgsCitation":"González, E., Sher, A.A., Anderson, R.M., Bay, R.F., Bean, D.W., Bissonnete, G.J., Cooper, D.J., Dohrenwend, K., Eichhorst, K.D., El Waer, H., Kennard, D.K., Harms-Weissinger, R., Henry, A.L., Makarick, L.J., Ostoja, S.M., Reynolds, L.V., Robinson, W.W., Shafroth, P.B., and Tabacchi, E., 2017, Secondary invasions of noxious weeds associated with control of invasive Tamarix are frequent, idiosyncratic and persistent: Biological Conservation, v. 213, no. 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Wright","contributorId":196517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[{"id":34608,"text":"Grand County Weed Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Tabacchi, Erich","contributorId":196518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tabacchi","given":"Erich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70190806,"text":"70190806 - 2017 - Holistic assessment of occurrence and fate of metolachlor within environmental compartments of agricultural watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T10:04:44","indexId":"70190806","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holistic assessment of occurrence and fate of metolachlor within environmental compartments of agricultural watersheds","docAbstract":"Background: Metolachlor [(RS)-2-Chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methyl-phenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide] and two degradates (metolachlor ethane-sulfonic acid and metolachlor oxanilic acid) are commonly observed in surface and groundwater. The behavior and fate of these compounds were examined over a 12-year period in seven agricultural watersheds in the United States. They were quantified in air, rain, streams, overland flow, groundwater, soil water, subsurface drain water, and water at the stream/groundwater interface. The compounds were frequently detected in surface and groundwater associated with agricultural areas. A mass budget approach, based on all available data from the study and literature, was used to determine a percentage-wise generalized distribution and fate of applied parent metolachlor in typical agricultural environments.
Results: In these watersheds, about 90% of applied metolachlor was taken up by plants or degraded, 10% volatilized, and 0.3% returned as rainfall. One percent was transported to surface water, while an equal amount infiltrated into the unsaturated zone soil water. < 0.02% reached the groundwater. Subsurface flow paths resulted in greater degradation of metolachlor because degradation reactions had more time to proceed.
Conclusions: An understanding of the residence times of water in the different environmental compartments, and the important processes affecting metolachlor as it is transported along flowpaths among the environmental compartments allows for a degree of predictability of metolachlor's fate. Degradates with long half-lives can be used (in a limited capacity) as tracers of metolachlor, because of their persistence and widespread occurrence in the environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.154","usgsCitation":"Rose, C.E., Coupe, R.H., Capel, P.D., and Webb, R.M., 2017, Holistic assessment of occurrence and fate of metolachlor within environmental compartments of agricultural watersheds: Science of the Total Environment, v. 612, p. 708-719, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.154.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"708","endPage":"719","ipdsId":"IP-077291","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"612","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bb952ce4b091459a578170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Claire E. 0000-0002-5519-3538 cerose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5519-3538","contributorId":2317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Claire","email":"cerose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webb, Richard M. 0000-0001-9531-2207 rmwebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":1570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard","email":"rmwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190807,"text":"70190807 - 2017 - Vegetation response to invasive Tamarix control in southwestern U.S. rivers: A collaborative study including 416 sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T16:16:50","indexId":"70190807","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Vegetation response to invasive Tamarix control in southwestern U.S. rivers: A collaborative study including 416 sites","title":"Vegetation response to invasive Tamarix control in southwestern U.S. rivers: A collaborative study including 416 sites","docAbstract":"Most studies assessing vegetation response following control of invasive Tamarix trees along southwestern U.S. rivers have been small in scale (e.g., river reach), or at a regional scale but with poor spatial-temporal replication, and most have not included testing the effects of a now widely used biological control. We monitored plant composition following Tamarix control along hydrologic, soil, and climatic gradients in 244 treated and 172 reference sites across six U.S. states. This represents the largest comprehensive assessment to date on the vegetation response to the four most common Tamarix control treatments. Biocontrol by a defoliating beetle (treatment 1) reduced the abundance of Tamarix less than active removal by mechanically using hand and chain-saws (2), heavy machinery (3) or burning (4). Tamarix abundance also decreased with lower temperatures, higher precipitation, and follow-up treatments for Tamarix resprouting. Native cover generally increased over time in active Tamarix removal sites, however, the increases observed were small and was not consistently increased by active revegetation. Overall, native cover was correlated to permanent stream flow, lower grazing pressure, lower soil salinity and temperatures, and higher precipitation. Species diversity also increased where Tamarix was removed. However, Tamarix treatments, especially those generating the highest disturbance (burning and heavy machinery), also often promoted secondary invasions of exotic forbs. The abundance of hydrophytic species was much lower in treated than in reference sites, suggesting that management of southwestern U.S. rivers has focused too much on weed control, overlooking restoration of fluvial processes that provide habitat for hydrophytic and floodplain vegetation. These results can help inform future management of Tamarix-infested rivers to restore hydrogeomorphic processes, increase native biodiversity and reduce abundance of noxious species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.1566","usgsCitation":"González, E., Sher, A.A., Anderson, R., Bay, R.F., Bean, D., Bissonnete, G.J., Bourgeois, B., Cooper, D.J., Dohrenwend, K., Eichhorst, K.D., El Waer, H., Kennard, D.K., Harms-Weissinger, R., Henry, A.L., Makarick, L.J., Ostoja, S.M., Reynolds, L.V., Robinson, W.W., and Shafroth, P.B., 2017, Vegetation response to invasive Tamarix control in southwestern U.S. rivers: A collaborative study including 416 sites: Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 6, p. 1789-1804, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1566.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1789","endPage":"1804","ipdsId":"IP-080078","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"27","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bb952be4b091459a57816a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"González, Eduardo","contributorId":196490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"González","given":"Eduardo","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sher, Anna A","contributorId":146314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sher","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Robert M.","contributorId":13658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bay, Robin F.","contributorId":196508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bay","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bean, Daniel W.","contributorId":11016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Daniel W.","affiliations":[{"id":16124,"text":"Colorado Department of Agriculture, Biological Pest Control","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bissonnete, Gabriel J.","contributorId":196509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bissonnete","given":"Gabriel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16722,"text":"US Bureau of Land 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Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Makarick, Lori J.","contributorId":196514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Makarick","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16909,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Reynolds, Lindsay V.","contributorId":141182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":6737,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Robinson, W. Wright","contributorId":196517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[{"id":34608,"text":"Grand County Weed Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70190153,"text":"ds1062 - 2017 - A reservoir morphology database for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T13:38:23","indexId":"ds1062","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1062","title":"A reservoir morphology database for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Reservoir Fisheries Habitat Partnership, combined multiple national databases to create one comprehensive national reservoir database and to calculate new morphological metrics for 3,828 reservoirs. These new metrics include, but are not limited to, shoreline development index, index of basin permanence, development of volume, and other descriptive metrics based on established morphometric formulas. The new database also contains modeled chemical and physical metrics. Because of the nature of the existing databases used to compile the Reservoir Morphology Database and the inherent missing data, some metrics were not populated. One comprehensive database will assist water-resource managers in their understanding of local reservoir morphology and water chemistry characteristics throughout the continental United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1062","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Reservoir Fisheries Habitat Partnership","usgsCitation":"Rodgers, K.D., 2017, A reservoir morphology database for the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1062, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1062.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Data Release; Appendix 1","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071730","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345577,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GF0RQZ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"A Reservoir Morphology Database for the Conterminous United States"},{"id":345576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1062/index.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DS 1062 REport HTML"},{"id":345693,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1062/images/coverthb.png"}],"contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
401 Hardin Road
Little Rock, AR 72211
http://ar.water.usgs.gov
Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry from unmanned aerial system (UAS) imagery is an emerging tool for repeat topographic surveying of dryland erosion. These methods are particularly appealing due to the ability to cover large landscapes compared to field methods and at reduced costs and finer spatial resolution compared to airborne laser scanning. Accuracy and precision of high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) derived from UAS imagery have been explored in many studies, typically by comparing image coordinates to surveyed check points or LiDAR datasets. In addition to traditional check points, this study compared 5 cm resolution DTMs derived from fixed-wing UAS imagery with a traditional ground-based method of measuring soil surface change called erosion bridges. We assessed accuracy by comparing the elevation values between DTMs and erosion bridges along thirty topographic transects each 6.1 m long. Comparisons occurred at two points in time (June 2014, February 2015) which enabled us to assess vertical accuracy with 3314 data points and vertical precision (i.e., repeatability) with 1657 data points. We found strong vertical agreement (accuracy) between the methods (RMSE 2.9 and 3.2 cm in June 2014 and February 2015, respectively) and high vertical precision for the DTMs (RMSE 2.8 cm). Our results from comparing SfM-generated DTMs to check points, and strong agreement with erosion bridge measurements suggests repeat UAS imagery and SfM processing could replace erosion bridges for a more synoptic landscape assessment of shifting soil surfaces for some studies. However, while collecting the UAS imagery and generating the SfM DTMs for this study was faster than collecting erosion bridge measurements, technical challenges related to the need for ground control networks and image processing requirements must be addressed before this technique could be applied effectively to large landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"MPDI AG (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/rs9050437","usgsCitation":"Gillian, J.K., Karl, J.W., Elaksher, A., and Duniway, M.C., 2017, Fine-resolution repeat topographic surveying of dryland landscapes using UAS-based structure-from-motion photogrammetry: Assessing accuracy and precision against traditional ground-based erosion measurements: Remote Sensing, v. 9, no. 5, 437, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050437.","productDescription":"437, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-086200","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050437","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b5e4b091459a56299a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillian, Jeffrey K.","contributorId":196437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillian","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7045,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Jason W.","contributorId":191703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karl","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7045,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elaksher, Ahmed","contributorId":196438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elaksher","given":"Ahmed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34578,"text":"Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, California Polytechnical State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190715,"text":"70190715 - 2017 - A digital reference collection for aquatic macroinvertebrates of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T16:32:26","indexId":"70190715","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A digital reference collection for aquatic macroinvertebrates of North America","docAbstract":"Aquatic invertebrates are a key component of freshwater ecosystems, and understanding aquatic invertebrate taxonomy is a cornerstone of freshwater science. Physical reference collections of expertly identified voucher specimens are the ‘gold-standard’ used to confirm specimen identifications. However, most biologists lack access to such collections, which themselves tend to be highly regionalized and somewhat limited in terms of taxonomic scope. The North American Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Digital Reference Collection (NAAMDRC; https://sciencebase.usgs.gov/naamdrc) was developed by the US Geological Survey (USGS) to overcome these limitations of physical collections. NAAMDRC provides users with public-domain, high-quality digital photographs to help verify specimen identifications.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/694539","usgsCitation":"Walters, D., Ford, M.A., and Zuellig, R.E., 2017, A digital reference collection for aquatic macroinvertebrates of North America: Freshwater Science, v. 36, no. 4, p. 693-697, https://doi.org/10.1086/694539.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"693","endPage":"697","ipdsId":"IP-085163","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b8e4b091459a5629a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-4237-2158 waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":147135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, Morgan A","contributorId":196406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}