Aquatic invertebrates are a key component of freshwater ecosystems, and understanding aquatic invertebrate taxonomy is a cornerstone of freshwater science. Physical reference collections of expertly identified voucher specimens are the ‘gold-standard’ used to confirm specimen identifications. However, most biologists lack access to such collections, which themselves tend to be highly regionalized and somewhat limited in terms of taxonomic scope. The North American Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Digital Reference Collection (NAAMDRC; https://sciencebase.usgs.gov/naamdrc) was developed by the US Geological Survey (USGS) to overcome these limitations of physical collections. NAAMDRC provides users with public-domain, high-quality digital photographs to help verify specimen identifications.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/694539","usgsCitation":"Walters, D., Ford, M.A., and Zuellig, R.E., 2017, A digital reference collection for aquatic macroinvertebrates of North America: Freshwater Science, v. 36, no. 4, p. 693-697, https://doi.org/10.1086/694539.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"693","endPage":"697","ipdsId":"IP-085163","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b8e4b091459a5629a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-4237-2158 waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":147135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, Morgan A","contributorId":196406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190709,"text":"70190709 - 2017 - Neotectonics of interior Alaska and the late Quaternary slip rate along the Denali fault system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T17:00:22.889375","indexId":"70190709","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neotectonics of interior Alaska and the late Quaternary slip rate along the Denali fault system","docAbstract":"The neotectonics of southern Alaska (USA) are characterized by a several hundred kilometers–wide zone of dextral transpressional that spans the Alaska Range. The Denali fault system is the largest active strike-slip fault system in interior Alaska, and it produced a Mw 7.9 earthquake in 2002. To evaluate the late Quaternary slip rate on the Denali fault system, we collected samples for cosmogenic surface exposure dating from surfaces offset by the fault system. This study includes data from 107 samples at 19 sites, including 7 sites we previously reported, as well as an estimated slip rate at another site. We utilize the interpreted surface ages to provide estimated slip rates. These new slip rate data confirm that the highest late Quaternary slip rate is ∼13 mm/yr on the central Denali fault near its intersection with the eastern Denali and the Totschunda faults, with decreasing slip rate both to the east and west. The slip rate decreases westward along the central and western parts of the Denali fault system to 5 mm/yr over a length of ∼575 km. An additional site on the eastern Denali fault near Kluane Lake, Yukon, implies a slip rate of ∼2 mm/yr, based on geological considerations. The Totschunda fault has a maximum slip rate of ∼9 mm/yr. The Denali fault system is transpressional and there are active thrust faults on both the north and south sides of it. We explore four geometric models for southern Alaska tectonics to explain the slip rates along the Denali fault system and the active fault geometries: rotation, indentation, extrusion, and a combination of the three. We conclude that all three end-member models have strengths and shortcomings, and a combination of rotation, indentation, and extrusion best explains the slip rate observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01447.1","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Matmon, A., Schwartz, D.P., and Seitz, G.G., 2017, Neotectonics of interior Alaska and the late Quaternary slip rate along the Denali fault system: Geosphere, v. 13, no. 5, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01447.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-090357","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469528,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01447.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345684,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 62\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b8e4b091459a5629af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matmon, Ari","contributorId":196405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matmon","given":"Ari","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":139062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190750,"text":"70190750 - 2017 - Deep-sea coral research and technology program: Alaska deep-sea coral and sponge initiative final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T15:45:52","indexId":"70190750","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":269,"text":"NOAA Technical Memorandum","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"NMFS-OHC-2","title":"Deep-sea coral research and technology program: Alaska deep-sea coral and sponge initiative final report","docAbstract":"Deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems are widespread throughout most of Alaska’s marine waters. In some places, such as the central and western Aleutian Islands, deep-sea coral and sponge resources can be extremely diverse and may rank among the most abundant deep-sea coral and sponge communities in the world. Many different species of fishes and invertebrates are associated with deep-sea coral and sponge communities in Alaska. Because of their biology, these benthic invertebrates are potentially impacted by climate change and ocean acidification. Deepsea coral and sponge ecosystems are also vulnerable to the effects of commercial fishing activities. Because of the size and scope of Alaska’s continental shelf and slope, the vast majority of the area has not been visually surveyed for deep-sea corals and sponges. NOAA’s Deep Sea Coral Research and Technology Program (DSCRTP) sponsored a field research program in the Alaska region between 2012–2015, referred to hereafter as the Alaska Initiative. The priorities for Alaska were derived from ongoing data needs and objectives identified by the DSCRTP, the North Pacific Fishery Management Council (NPFMC), and Essential Fish Habitat-Environmental Impact Statement (EFH-EIS) process.
This report presents the results of 15 projects conducted using DSCRTP funds from 2012-2015. Three of the projects conducted as part of the Alaska deep-sea coral and sponge initiative included dedicated at-sea cruises and fieldwork spread across multiple years. These projects were the eastern Gulf of Alaska Primnoa pacifica study, the Aleutian Islands mapping study, and the Gulf of Alaska fish productivity study. In all, there were nine separate research cruises carried out with a total of 109 at-sea days conducting research. The remaining projects either used data and samples collected by the three major fieldwork projects or were piggy-backed onto existing research programs at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC).
","language":"English","publisher":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Rooper, C., Stone, R.P., Etnoyer, P., Conrath, C., Reynolds, J., Greene, H.G., Williams, B., Salgado, E., Morrison, C.L., Waller, R.G., and Demopoulos, A.W., 2017, Deep-sea coral research and technology program: Alaska deep-sea coral and sponge initiative final report: NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OHC-2, x, 65 p.","productDescription":"x, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"80","ipdsId":"IP-090361","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345701,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/TM-OHC-2-FINAL.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b6e4b091459a56299f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rooper, Chris","contributorId":196431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rooper","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Robert P.","contributorId":190569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Etnoyer, Peter","contributorId":196432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Etnoyer","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrath, Christina","contributorId":196433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrath","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Jennifer","contributorId":196434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greene, H. Gary","contributorId":139063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[{"id":12639,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Labs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Williams, Branwen","contributorId":152572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Branwen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Salgado, Enrique","contributorId":196435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salgado","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":146488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Waller, Rhian G.","contributorId":195852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waller","given":"Rhian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":16143,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694 ademopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":196216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"ademopoulos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70190728,"text":"70190728 - 2017 - Assessing condition of macroinvertebrate communities and bed sediment toxicity in the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern, New York, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T08:34:03","indexId":"70190728","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing condition of macroinvertebrate communities and bed sediment toxicity in the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern, New York, USA","docAbstract":"The United States and Canada agreed to restore the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Great Lakes ecosystem under the first Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement in 1972. The lowest reach of the Genesee River and the Rochester Embayment on Lake Ontario between Bogus Point and Nine Mile Point, including Braddock Bay, were designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) due to effects of contaminated sediments and physical disturbance on several beneficial uses. Following sediment remedial efforts and with conditions improving in the AOC, the present study was conducted to reevaluate the status of the benthic macroinvertebrate (benthos) beneficial use impairment (BUI). Benthic macroinvertebrate community assessments and 10-day Chironomus dilutus bioassays were used to test the hypotheses that sediments within the AOC were no more toxic than sediments from surrounding reference areas. The study was separated into three discrete systems (Genesee River, Lake Ontario, and Braddock Bay) and non-parametric analyses determined that a multimetric index of benthic macroinvertebrate community integrity was significantly higher at AOC sites compared to reference sites on the Genesee River and in Braddock Bay while AOC and reference sites on Lake Ontario did not differ significantly. Survival and growth of C. dilutus were also similar between AOC and reference sites for each system with the exception of significantly higher growth at reference sites on Lake Ontario. Results generally indicated that the condition of benthos and toxicity of sediment of the Rochester Embayment AOC are similar to or better than that in the surrounding area.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.02.002","usgsCitation":"Duffy, B., George, S.D., Baldigo, B.P., and Smith, A.J., 2017, Assessing condition of macroinvertebrate communities and bed sediment toxicity in the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern, New York, USA: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 5, p. 890-898, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.02.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"890","endPage":"898","ipdsId":"IP-062674","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 43.05684777584547\n ],\n [\n -76.695556640625,\n 43.05684777584547\n ],\n [\n -76.695556640625,\n 43.440954591707445\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 43.440954591707445\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 43.05684777584547\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b7e4b091459a5629a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duffy, Brian","contributorId":192175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Alexander J.","contributorId":168509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190755,"text":"70190755 - 2017 - Hydrologic impacts of landslide disturbances: Implications for remobilization and hazard persistence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T13:28:15","indexId":"70190755","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic impacts of landslide disturbances: Implications for remobilization and hazard persistence","docAbstract":"Landslides typically alter hillslope topography, but may also change the hydrologic connectivity and subsurface water-storage dynamics. In settings where mobile materials are not completely evacuated from steep slopes, influences of landslide disturbances on hillslope hydrology and susceptibility to subsequent failures remain poorly characterized. Since landslides often recur at the site of previous failures, we examine differences between a stable vegetated hillslope (VH) and a recent landslide (LS). These neighboring hillslopes exhibit similar topography and are situated on steep landslide-prone coastal bluffs of glacial deposits along the northeastern shore of Puget Sound, Washington. Our control hillslope, VH, is mantled by a heterogeneous colluvium, supporting a dense forest. In early 2013, our test hillslope, LS, also supported a forest before a landslide substantially altered the topography and disturbed the hillslope. In 2015, we observed a clay-rich landslide deposit at LS with sparse vegetation and limited root reinforcement, soil structures, and macropores. Our characterization of the sites also found matrix porosity and hydraulic conductivity are both lower at LS. Continuous monitoring during 2015-2016 revealed reduced effective precipitation at VH (due to canopy interception), an earlier seasonal transition to near-saturated conditions at LS, and longer persistence of positive pore pressures and slower drainage at LS (both seasonally and between major storm events). These differences, along with episodic, complex slope failures at LS support the hypothesis that, despite a reduced average slope, other disturbances introduced by landsliding may promote the hydrologic conditions leading to slope instability, thus contributing to the persistence of landslide hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017WR020842","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., Smith, J.B., and Baum, R.L., 2017, Hydrologic impacts of landslide disturbances: Implications for remobilization and hazard persistence: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 10, p. 8250-8265, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020842.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8250","endPage":"8265","ipdsId":"IP-088160","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Mukilteo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.89044930917423\n ],\n [\n -122.28538513183592,\n 47.89044930917423\n ],\n [\n -122.28538513183592,\n 47.92853590546341\n ],\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.92853590546341\n ],\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.89044930917423\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ba43b5e4b091459a56299d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188026,"text":"sir20175047 - 2017 - Loads and yields of deicing compounds and total phosphorus in the Cambridge drinking-water source area, Massachusetts, water years 2009–15","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T14:10:12.709223","indexId":"sir20175047","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5047","title":"Loads and yields of deicing compounds and total phosphorus in the Cambridge drinking-water source area, Massachusetts, water years 2009–15","docAbstract":"The source water area for the drinking-water supply of the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, encompasses major transportation corridors, as well as large areas of light industrial, commercial, and residential land use. Because of the large amount of roadway in the drinking-water source area, the Cambridge water supply is affected by the usage of deicing compounds and by other constituents that are flushed from such impervious areas. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has monitored surface-water quality in the Cambridge Reservoir and Stony Brook Reservoir Basins, which compose the drinking-water source area, since 1997 (water year 1998) through continuous monitoring and the collection of stream-flow samples.
In a study conducted by the USGS, in cooperation with the City of Cambridge Water Department, concentrations and loads of calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and sulfate (SO4) were estimated from continuous records of specific conductance and streamflow for streams and tributaries at 10 continuous water-quality monitoring stations. These data were used to characterize current (2015) water-quality conditions, estimate loads and yields, and describe trends in Cl and Na in the tributaries and main-stem streams in the Cambridge Reservoir and Stony Brook Reservoir Basins. These data also were used to describe how stream-water quality is related to various basin characteristics and provide information to guide future management of the drinking-water source area.
Water samples from 2009–15 were analyzed for physical properties and concentrations of Ca, Cl, Mg, Na, potassium (K), SO4, and total phosphorus (TP). Values of physical properties and constituent concentrations varied widely, particularly in composite samples of stormflow from tributaries that have high percentages of constructed impervious areas. Median concentrations of Ca, Cl, Mg, Na, and K in samples collected from the tributaries in the Cambridge Reservoir Basin (27.2, 273, 4.7, 154.5, and 2.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L), respectively) were higher than those for the Stony Brook Reservoir Basin (22.2, 128, 4.3, 77.1, and 2.5, respectively). Differences between tributary samples for concentrations of Cl and Na were related to the percentage of developed land and constructed impervious area in the drinking-water source area. Median concentrations of SO4 in samples collected from the tributaries in the Cambridge Reservoir Basin (10.7 mg/L) were lower than those for the Stony Brook Reservoir Basin (18.0 mg/L).
Concentrations of dissolved Cl and Na in samples and those concentrations estimated from continuous records of specific conductance (particularly during base flow) often were greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) secondary drinking-water standard for Cl (250 mg/L), the chronic aquatic-life guideline for Cl (230 mg/L), and the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection drinking-water guideline for Na (20 mg/L). Concentrations of TP (range from 0.008 to 0.69 mg/L in all subbasins) in tributary samples did not differ substantially between the Cambridge Reservoir and Stony Brook Reservoir Basins. About one-half of the concentrations of TP in samples collected during water years 2013–15 exceeded the EPA proposed reference concentration of 0.024 mg/L.
For most tributaries, about 70 percent of the annual loads of Ca, Cl, Mg, Na, and SO4 were associated with base flow. Concentrations of major ions were negatively correlated with streamflow, indicating that these constituents were diluted during stormflow and tend to increase during the summer when streamflow is low. In contrast, between 57 and 92 percent of the annual load for TP was transported during stormflows.
Mean annual yields of Ca, Cl, Mg, Na, and SO4 in the drinking-water source area were 13, 75, 2.6, 40, and 6.9 metric tons per square kilometer, respectively, for water years 2009–15. The mean annual yield of TP in the drinking-water source area for water years 2013–15 was 0.012 metric tons per square kilometer. Yields for major ions and TP were highest in tributary subbasins adjacent to Interstate 95.
Temporal trends in mean annual concentrations for Cl and Na were not significant for water years 1998‒2015 (period of record by the USGS) for the outlet of the Cambridge Reservoir and for the main stem of Stony Brook downstream from the reservoir. Median values of base-flow concentrations of TP at three stations were higher for samples collected during base-flow conditions during water years 2005–7 than for samples collected during water years 2013–15. However, the results were not significant for statistical tests between concentrations in samples collected during storms for the same periods, indicating that the quality of stormwater remains similar.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Cambridge [Massachusetts] Water Department","productDescription":"x, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078822","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345074,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5047/sir20175047.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5047"},{"id":345073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5047/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Cambridge","otherGeospatial":"Cambridge Reservoir and Stony Brook Reservoir basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.3167,\n 42.433\n ],\n [\n -71.3167,\n 42.333\n ],\n [\n -71.133,\n 42.333\n ],\n [\n -71.133,\n 42.433\n ],\n [\n -71.3167,\n 42.433\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
The Upper Columbia United Tribes (UCUT; Spokane, Colville, Kootenai, Coeur d’Alene, and Kalispel Tribes) and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife want to reintroduce anadromous salmonids to their historical range to restore ecosystem function and lost cultural and spiritual relationships in the upper Columbia River, northeastern Washington. The UCUT contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey to assess risks to resident taxa (existing fish populations in the reintroduction area upstream of Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee Dams) and reintroduced salmon associated with reintroduction. We developed a risk assessment framework for reintroduction of anadromous salmonids upstream of Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee Dams. To accomplish this goal, we applied strategies identified in previous risk assessment frameworks for reintroduction. The risk assessment is an initial step towards an anadromous reintroduction strategy. An initial list of potential donor sources for reintroduction species was developed from previous published sources for Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) donors in the Transboundary Reach of the Columbia River, British Columbia; an ecological risk assessment of upper Columbia River hatchery programs on non-target taxa of concern; and a review of existing hatchery programs
During two workshops, we further identified and ranked potential donor sources of anadromous Redband Trout (steelhead; O. mykiss), Chinook Salmon, Sockeye Salmon (O. nerka), and Coho Salmon (O. kisutch). We also identified resident fish populations of interest and their primary habitat, location, status, and pathogen concerns to determine the potential risks of reintroduction. Species were deemed of interest based on resource management and potential interactions (that is, genetics, competition, and predation) with introduced species. We developed tables of potential donors by species and characterized potential sources (hatchery and natural origins), populations (individual runs), broodstock management and history, and potential constraints (that is, Endangered Species Act [ESA] listing, Evolutionarily Significant Unit concerns, pathogens, and availability). During the workshops, a group of regional fisheries and topic experts subjectively ranked the relative risks of pathogens, genetic effects, predation, and competition to resident fish and reintroduced salmonids. We assessed the pathogen risk of each potential donor for introducing new pathogens and the increased burden to existing pathogens for resident species upstream of the dams. We considered genetic risks to resident and downstream conspecifics and ecological impacts, including competition for food and space, predator-prey interactions, and ecosystem benefits/impacts. Each reintroduced species donor source was ranked based on abundance/viability (demographic risk to source and feasibility of collection), ancestral/genetic similarity (evolutionary similarity to historical populations), local adaptation (geographic proximity/similarity of source conditions to reintroduction conditions), and life history compatibility (including migration; spawn timing; and relative usage of reservoir, main-stem, or tributary habitats) with environmental conditions in the reintroduction area. We synthesized this information by species for all potential donors, in which an overall score and ranking system was established for decision support in donor selection for reintroduction into the upper Columbia River. We also provided information outside the ranking process by:
Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
The selection of the Discovery Program InSight landing site took over four years from initial identification of possible areas that met engineering constraints, to downselection via targeted data from orbiters (especially Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Context Camera (CTX) and High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images), to selection and certification via sophisticated entry, descent and landing (EDL) simulations. Constraints on elevation (
In 2016, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers undertook a field study in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal near Romeoville, Illinois to determine the influence of tow transit on the efficacy of the Electric Dispersal Barrier System (EDBS) in preventing the passage of juvenile fish (total length < 100 millimeters (mm)). Dual-frequency identification sonar data showed that large schools of juvenile fish (mean school size of 120 fish; n = 19) moved upstream and crossed the electric field of an array in the EDBS concurrent with downstream-bound (downbound) loaded tows in 89.5% of trials. Smaller schools of juvenile fish (mean school size of 98 fish; n = 15) moved downstream and crossed the electric field of an array in the EDBS concurrent with upstream-bound (upbound) loaded tows in 73.3% of trials. Observed fish passages through the EDBS were always opposite to the direction of tow movement, and not associated with propeller wash. These schools were not observed to breach the EDBS in the absence of a tow and showed no signs of incapacitation in the barrier during tow passage. Loaded tows transiting the EDBS create a return current of water flowing between the tow and the canal wall that typically travels opposite the direction of tow movement, and cause a decrease in the voltage gradient of the barrier of up to 88%. Return currents and decreases in voltage gradients induced by tow passage likely contributed to the observed fish passage through the EDBS. The efficacy of the EDBS in preventing the passage of small, wild fish is compromised while tows are moving across the barrier system. In particular, downbound tows moving through the EDBS create a pathway for the upstream movement of small fish, and therefore may increase the risk of transfer of invasive fishes from the Mississippi River Basin to the Great Lakes Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.013","usgsCitation":"Davis, J.J., LeRoy, J., Shanks, M.R., Jackson, P.R., Engel, F.L., Murphy, E.A., Baxter, C.L., McInerney, M.K., and Barkowski, N.A., 2017, Effects of tow transit on the efficacy of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal Electric Dispersal Barrier System: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 6, p. 1119-1131, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1119","endPage":"1131","ipdsId":"IP-086419","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.08.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Romeoville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.06166410446166,\n 41.64078396644512\n ],\n [\n -88.05765151977539,\n 41.64078396644512\n ],\n [\n -88.05765151977539,\n 41.648192108560146\n ],\n [\n -88.06166410446166,\n 41.648192108560146\n ],\n [\n -88.06166410446166,\n 41.64078396644512\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f219e4b08b1644e0aeaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Jeremiah J.","contributorId":150963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13587,"text":"Bowling Green State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeRoy, Jessica Z. jleroy@usgs.gov","contributorId":174538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeRoy","given":"Jessica Z.","email":"jleroy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanks, Matthew R.","contributorId":196367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shanks","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, Patrick Ryan","contributorId":34043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engel, Frank L. 0000-0002-4253-2625 fengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-2625","contributorId":5463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Frank","email":"fengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-8939-7678 emurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-7678","contributorId":196368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth","email":"emurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baxter, Carey L.","contributorId":196369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Carey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McInerney, Michael K.","contributorId":196370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McInerney","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barkowski, Nicholas A.","contributorId":196371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barkowski","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70190696,"text":"70190696 - 2017 - Temporal variation in survival and recovery rates of lesser scaup: A response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T13:04:14","indexId":"70190696","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variation in survival and recovery rates of lesser scaup: A response","docAbstract":"We recently analyzed long-term (1951–2011) continental band-recovery data from lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and demonstrated that harvest rates declined through time, but annual survival rates exhibited no such trends; moreover, annual harvest and survival rates were uncorrelated for all age-sex classes. We therefore concluded that declining fecundity was most likely responsible for recent population declines, rather than changes in harvest or survival. Lindberg et al. (2017) critiqued our conclusions, arguing that we did little more than fail to reject a null hypothesis of compensatory mortality, postulated ecologically unrealistic changes in fecundity, and failed to give sufficient consideration to additive harvest mortality. Herein, we re-summarize our original evidence indicating that harvest has been compensatory, or at most weakly additive, and demonstrate that our analysis had sufficient power to detect strongly additive mortality if it occurred. We further demonstrate that our conclusions were not confounded by population size, band loss, or individual heterogeneity, as suggested by Lindberg et al. (2017), and we provide additional support for our conjecture that low fecundity played a major role in declining scaup populations during 1983–2006. We therefore reiterate our original management recommendations: given low harvest rates and lack of demonstrable effect on scaup survival, harvest regulations could return to more liberal frameworks, and waterfowl biologists should work together to continue banding lesser scaup and use these data to explore alternative hypotheses to identify the true ecological causes of population change, given that it is unlikely to be excessive harvest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21315","usgsCitation":"Arnold, T.W., Afton, A.D., Anteau, M.J., Koons, D.N., and Nicolai, C.A., 2017, Temporal variation in survival and recovery rates of lesser scaup: A response: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 7, p. 1142-1148, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21315.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1142","endPage":"1148","ipdsId":"IP-086063","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f218e4b08b1644e0aeac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":36058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, Alan D. 0000-0002-0436-8588 aafton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-8588","contributorId":139582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Afton","given":"Alan","email":"aafton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":368,"text":"Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koons, David N.","contributorId":28137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nicolai, Chris A.","contributorId":196372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicolai","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190634,"text":"70190634 - 2017 - Behavior of a wave-driven buoyant surface jet on a coral reef","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T09:41:31","indexId":"70190634","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavior of a wave-driven buoyant surface jet on a coral reef","docAbstract":"A wave-driven surface buoyant jet exiting a coral reef was studied in order to quantify the amount of water re-entrained over the reef crest. Both moored observations and Lagrangian drifters were used to study the fate of the buoyant jet. To investigate in detail the effects of buoyancy and along-shore flow variations, we developed an idealized numerical model of the system. Consistent with previous work, the ratio of along-shore velocity to jet-velocity and the jet internal Froude number were found to be important determinants of the fate of the jet. In the absence of buoyancy, the entrainment of fluid at the reef crest, creates a significant amount of retention, keeping 60% of water in the reef system. However, when the jet is lighter than the ambient ocean-water, the net effect of buoyancy is to enhance the separation of the jet from shore, leading to a greater export of reef water. Matching observations, our modeling predicts that buoyancy limits retention to 30% of the jet flow for conditions existing on the Moorea reef. Overall, the combination of observations and modeling we present here shows that reef-ocean temperature gradients can play an important role in reef-ocean exchanges.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016JC011729","usgsCitation":"Herdman, L.M., Hench, J.L., Fringer, O., and Monismith, S.G., 2017, Behavior of a wave-driven buoyant surface jet on a coral reef: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 122, no. 5, p. 4088-4109, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC011729.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"4088","endPage":"4109","ipdsId":"IP-079726","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moorea Reef","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.0400390625,\n -18.17716879354469\n ],\n [\n -148.5791015625,\n -18.17716879354469\n ],\n [\n -148.5791015625,\n -16.983248530690656\n ],\n [\n -151.0400390625,\n -16.983248530690656\n ],\n [\n -151.0400390625,\n -18.17716879354469\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21ce4b08b1644e0aecd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herdman, Liv M. 0000-0002-5444-6441 lherdman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5444-6441","contributorId":149964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herdman","given":"Liv","email":"lherdman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hench, James L.","contributorId":196320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hench","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fringer, Oliver","contributorId":196321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fringer","given":"Oliver","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":196322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190675,"text":"70190675 - 2017 - An examination of the effect of aerosolized permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:49:35.374771","indexId":"70190675","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An examination of the effect of aerosolized permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus","docAbstract":"West Nile virus is primarily maintained cryptically primarily in avian (Passerine) populations where it is transmitted by Culex spp. mosquitoes. Mosquito control measures currently include physical activities to reduce mosquito breeding sites, the application of mosquito larvicides, or aerosolized insecticides to kill adults (adulticides) when arboviral diseases such as West Nile virus (WNV) or Zika virus are detected in mosquito populations. Organochlorine, organohosphorus, carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides are often used. Previous work suggests an effect of pyrethroids on the immune system in a variety of vertebrates. We examined the effects of exposure to aerosolized Permanone® 30:30 insecticide (permethrin and piperonyl butoxide in soy oil vehicle) at ∼103−106x potential environmental concentrations on the response of captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) to experimental challenge with WNV. Compared to vehicle control birds, WNV outcome was unchanged (65% of birds produced a viremia) in the ‘low’ exposure (9.52 mg/m3±3.13 SD permethrin) group, but reduced in the ‘high’ exposure (mean 376.5 mg/m3±27.9 SD permethrin) group (30% were viremic) (p < 0.05). After clearing WNV infection, birds treated with Permanone regained less body mass than vehicle treated birds (p < 0.001). Our study suggests that exposure to aerosolized Permanone insecticide at levels exceeding typical application rates has the potential to not change or mildly enhance a bird's resistance to WNV.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.3918","usgsCitation":"Jankowski, M.D., Murray, E.M., and Hofmeister, E.K., 2017, An examination of the effect of aerosolized permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 12, p. 3376-3386, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3918.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3376","endPage":"3386","ipdsId":"IP-085679","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418366,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TM78KV","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"An examination of the effect of aerosolized Permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus: Data"}],"volume":"36","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21ae4b08b1644e0aeb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jankowski, Mark D.","contributorId":149535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17765,"text":"Present address: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 520 Lafayette Road N., St. Paul, MN 55155","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":710130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, E. Moore","contributorId":196351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Moore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-6360-3912 ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-3912","contributorId":3230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190676,"text":"70190676 - 2017 - Stress hormones predict a host superspreader phenotype in the West Nile virus system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T12:21:23","indexId":"70190676","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3173,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stress hormones predict a host superspreader phenotype in the West Nile virus system","docAbstract":"Glucocorticoid stress hormones, such as corticosterone (CORT), have profound effects on the behaviour and physiology of organisms, and thus have the potential to alter host competence and the contributions of individuals to population- and community-level pathogen dynamics. For example, CORT could alter the rate of contacts among hosts, pathogens and vectors through its widespread effects on host metabolism and activity levels. CORT could also affect the intensity and duration of pathogen shedding and risk of host mortality during infection. We experimentally manipulated songbird CORT, asking how CORT affected behavioural and physiological responses to a standardized West Nile virus (WNV) challenge. Although all birds became infected after exposure to the virus, only birds with elevated CORT had viral loads at or above the infectious threshold. Moreover, though the rate of mortality was faster in birds with elevated CORT compared with controls, most hosts with elevated CORT survived past the day of peak infectiousness. CORT concentrations just prior to inoculation with WNV and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations following viral exposure were predictive of individual duration of infectiousness and the ability to maintain physical performance during infection (i.e. tolerance), revealing putative biomarkers of competence. Collectively, our results suggest that glucocorticoid stress hormones could directly and indirectly mediate the spread of pathogens.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Publishing Society","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2017.1090","usgsCitation":"Gervasi, S., Burgan, S., Hofmeister, E.K., Unnasch, T.R., and Martin, L.B., 2017, Stress hormones predict a host superspreader phenotype in the West Nile virus system: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 284, no. 1859, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1090.","ipdsId":"IP-080938","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"284","issue":"1859","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f219e4b08b1644e0aeb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gervasi, Stephanie","contributorId":196352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gervasi","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgan, Sarah","contributorId":196353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgan","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-6360-3912 ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-3912","contributorId":3230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Unnasch, Thomas R.","contributorId":196354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unnasch","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Lynn B.","contributorId":196355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190665,"text":"70190665 - 2017 - A hydrologic drying bias in water-resource impact analyses of anthropogenic climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T08:59:58","indexId":"70190665","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hydrologic drying bias in water-resource impact analyses of anthropogenic climate change","docAbstract":"For water-resource planning, sensitivity of freshwater availability to anthropogenic climate change (ACC) often is analyzed with “offline” hydrologic models that use precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (Ep) as inputs. Because Ep is not a climate-model output, an intermediary model of Ep must be introduced to connect the climate model to the hydrologic model. Several Ep methods are used. The suitability of each can be assessed by noting a credible Ep method for offline analyses should be able to reproduce climate models’ ACC-driven changes in actual evapotranspiration in regions and seasons of negligible water stress (Ew). We quantified this ability for seven commonly used Ep methods and for a simple proportionality with available energy (“energy-only” method). With the exception of the energy-only method, all methods tend to overestimate substantially the increase in Ep associated with ACC. In an offline hydrologic model, the Ep-change biases produce excessive increases in actual evapotranspiration (E), whether the system experiences water stress or not, and thence strong negative biases in runoff change, as compared to hydrologic fluxes in the driving climate models. The runoff biases are comparable in magnitude to the ACC-induced runoff changes themselves. These results suggest future hydrologic drying (wetting) trends likely are being systematically and substantially overestimated (underestimated) in many water-resource impact analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Asssociation","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12538","usgsCitation":"Milly, P., and Dunne, K.A., 2017, A hydrologic drying bias in water-resource impact analyses of anthropogenic climate change: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 53, no. 4, p. 822-838, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12538.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"822","endPage":"838","ipdsId":"IP-084657","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21be4b08b1644e0aec3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milly, Paul 0000-0003-4389-3130 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3130","contributorId":196325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":710069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunne, Krista A. kadunne@usgs.gov","contributorId":3936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"Krista","email":"kadunne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190664,"text":"70190664 - 2017 - USA National Phenology Network’s volunteer-contributed observations yield predictive models of phenological transitions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T09:40:43","indexId":"70190664","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USA National Phenology Network’s volunteer-contributed observations yield predictive models of phenological transitions","docAbstract":"In support of science and society, the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) maintains a rapidly growing, continental-scale, species-rich dataset of plant and animal phenology observations that with over 10 million records is the largest such database in the United States. Contributed voluntarily by professional and citizen scientists, these opportunistically collected observations are characterized by spatial clustering, inconsistent spatial and temporal sampling, and short temporal depth. We explore the potential for developing models of phenophase transitions suitable for use at the continental scale, which could be applied to a wide range of resource management contexts. \nWe constructed predictive models of the onset of breaking leaf buds, leaves, open flowers, and ripe fruits – phenophases that are the most abundant in the database and also relevant to management applications – for all species with available data, regardless of plant growth habit, location, geographic extent, or temporal depth of the observations. We implemented a very basic model formulation - thermal time models with a fixed start date. \nSufficient data were available to construct 107 individual species × phenophase models. Of these, fifteen models (14%) met our criteria for model fit and error and were suitable for use across the majority of the species’ geographic ranges. These findings indicate that the USA-NPN dataset holds promise for further and more refined modeling efforts. Further, the candidate models that emerged could be used to produce real-time and short-term forecast maps of the timing of such transitions to directly support natural resource management.","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0182919","usgsCitation":"Crimmins, T.M., Crimmins, M.A., Gerst, K.L., Rosemartin, A.H., and Weltzin, J., 2017, USA National Phenology Network’s volunteer-contributed observations yield predictive models of phenological transitions: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 8, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182919.","productDescription":"e0182919; 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-086357","costCenters":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182919","text":"Publisher Index 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L.","contributorId":196324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerst","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosemartin, Alyssa H.","contributorId":178239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosemartin","given":"Alyssa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weltzin, Jake 0000-0001-8641-6645 jweltzin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8641-6645","contributorId":196323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weltzin","given":"Jake","email":"jweltzin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190583,"text":"ds1066 - 2017 - Yolo Bypass Juvenile Salmon Utilization Study 2016—Summary of acoustically tagged juvenile salmon and study fish release, Sacramento River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T12:20:50","indexId":"ds1066","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1066","title":"Yolo Bypass Juvenile Salmon Utilization Study 2016—Summary of acoustically tagged juvenile salmon and study fish release, Sacramento River, California","docAbstract":"The Yolo Bypass is a flood control bypass in Sacramento Valley, California. Flood plain habitats may be used for juvenile salmon rearing, however, the potential value of such habitats can be difficult to evaluate because of the intermittent nature of inundation events. The Yolo Bypass Juvenile Salmon Utilization Study (YBUS) used acoustic telemetry to evaluate the movements and survival of juvenile salmon adjacent to and within the Yolo Bypass during the winter of 2016. This report presents numbers, size data, and release data (times, dates, and locations) for the 1,197 acoustically tagged juvenile salmon released for the YBUS from February 21 to March 18, 2016. Detailed descriptions of the surgical implantation of transmitters are also presented. These data are presented to support the collaborative, interagency analysis and reporting of the study findings.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1066","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., and Hurst, W.R., 2017, Yolo Bypass Juvenile Salmon Utilization Study 2016—Summary of acoustically tagged juvenile salmon and study fish release, Sacramento River, California: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1066, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1066.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 49 p.; 1 Table","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-089968","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345667,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1066/ds1066_table5.csv","text":"Table 5","size":"84 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"DS 1066 Table 5"},{"id":345665,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1066/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345666,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1066/ds1066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1066"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.827392578125,\n 38.662458581979436\n ],\n [\n -121.5644073486328,\n 38.662458581979436\n ],\n [\n -121.5644073486328,\n 38.921489637879205\n ],\n [\n -121.827392578125,\n 38.921489637879205\n ],\n [\n -121.827392578125,\n 38.662458581979436\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
Declines in monarch butterfly populations have prompted investigation into the sensitivity of their milkweed host plants to land-use change. Documented declines in milkweed abundance in croplands have spurred efforts to promote milkweeds in other habitats. Nevertheless, our current understanding of milkweed populations is poor. We used a long-term plant survey from Illinois to evaluate whether trends in milkweed abundance have caused monarch decline and to highlight the habitat-management practices that promote milkweeds. Milkweed abundance in natural areas has not declined precipitously, although when croplands are considered, changes in agricultural weed management have led to a 68% loss of milkweed available for monarchs across the region. Midsuccessional plant communities with few invasive species provide optimal milkweed habitat. The augmentation of natural areas and the management of existing grasslands, such as less frequent mowing and woody- and exotic-species control, may replace some of the milkweed that has been lost from croplands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biw186","collaboration":"Illinois Natural History Survey","usgsCitation":"Zaya, D.N., Pearse, I.S., and Spyreas, G., 2017, Long-term trends in midwestern milkweed abundances and their relevance to monarch butterfly declines: BioScience, v. 67, no. 4, p. 343-356, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw186.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"356","ipdsId":"IP-081255","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw186","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spyreas, Gregory","contributorId":196311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spyreas","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190602,"text":"70190602 - 2017 - Studies of wolf x coyote hybridization via artificial insemination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T10:05:28","indexId":"70190602","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies of wolf x coyote hybridization via artificial insemination","docAbstract":"Following the production of western gray wolf (Canis lupus) x western coyote (Canis latrans) hybrids via artificial insemination (AI), the present article documents that the hybrids survived in captivity for at least 4 years and successfully bred with each other. It further reports that backcrossing one of the hybrids to a male gray wolf by AI also resulted in the birth of live pups that have survived for at least 10 months. All male hybrids (F1 and F2) produced sperm by about 10 months of age, and sperm quality of the F1 males fell within the fertile range for domestic dogs, but sperm motility and morphology, in particular, were low in F2 males at 10 months but improved in samples taken at 22 months of age. These studies are relevant to a long-standing controversy about the identity of the red wolf (Canis rufus), the existence of a proposed new species (Canis lycaon) of gray wolf, and to the role of hybridization in mammalian evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0184342","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Asa, C.S., Callahan, M., Christensen, B.W., Smith, F., and Young, J.K., 2017, Studies of wolf x coyote hybridization via artificial insemination: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 9, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184342.","productDescription":"e0184342; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-081729","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76eb4e4b08b1644ddfabc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asa, Cheryl S.","contributorId":196297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asa","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callahan, Margaret","contributorId":16317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callahan","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christensen, Bruce W.","contributorId":196298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Fran","contributorId":196302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Fran","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Julie K.","contributorId":196299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190506,"text":"ofr20171109 - 2017 - Bathymetric survey of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and selected tributaries in Ithaca, New York, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T16:46:32","indexId":"ofr20171109","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-08T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1109","title":"Bathymetric survey of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and selected tributaries in Ithaca, New York, 2016","docAbstract":"From July 14 to July 20, 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Ithaca, New York, and the New York State Department of State, surveyed the bathymetry of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and the mouths of selected tributaries to Cayuga Inlet and Cayuga Lake in Ithaca, N.Y. The flood-control channel, built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1965 and 1970, was designed to convey flood flows from the Cayuga Inlet watershed through the City of Ithaca and minimize possible flood damages. Since that time, the channel has infrequently been maintained by dredging, and sediment accumulation and resultant shoaling have greatly decreased the conveyance of the channel and its navigational capability.
U.S. Geological Survey personnel collected bathymetric data by using an acoustic Doppler current profiler. The survey produced a dense dataset of water depths that were converted to bottom elevations. These elevations were then used to generate a geographic information system bathymetric surface. The bathymetric data and resultant bathymetric surface show the current condition of the channel and provide the information that governmental agencies charged with maintaining the Cayuga Inlet for flood-control and navigational purposes need to make informed decisions regarding future maintenance measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171109","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Ithaca, New York, and the New York State Department of State","usgsCitation":"Wernly, J.F., Nystrom, E.A., and Coon, W.F., 2017, Bathymetric survey of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and selected tributaries in Ithaca, New York, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1109, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171109.","productDescription":"Report: v, 9 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-080379","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438218,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K935NQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial dataset of bathymetric survey of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and selected tributaries in Ithaca, New York, 2016"},{"id":345569,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1109/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1109/ofr20171109.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.98 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1109"},{"id":345572,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7K935NQ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial dataset of bathymetric survey of the Cayuga Inlet flood-control channel and selected tributaries, Ithaca, N.Y., 2016"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Ithaca","otherGeospatial":"Cayuga Inlet Flood-Control Channel ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.52423858642578,\n 42.42586409208738\n ],\n [\n -76.48801803588867,\n 42.42586409208738\n ],\n [\n -76.48801803588867,\n 42.46437270371863\n ],\n [\n -76.52423858642578,\n 42.46437270371863\n ],\n [\n -76.52423858642578,\n 42.42586409208738\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
30 Brown Road
Ithaca, NY 14850
As part of a U.S. Geological Survey study in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, a digital three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model was constructed for the Rio Grande transboundary region of New Mexico and Texas, USA, and northern Chihuahua, Mexico. This model was constructed to define the aquifer system geometry and subsurface lithologic characteristics and distribution for use in a regional numerical hydrologic model. The model includes five hydrostratigraphic units: river channel alluvium, three informal subdivisions of Santa Fe Group basin fill, and an undivided pre-Santa Fe Group bedrock unit. Model input data were compiled from published cross sections, well data, structure contour maps, selected geophysical data, and contiguous compilations of surficial geology and structural features in the study area. These data were used to construct faulted surfaces that represent the upper and lower subsurface hydrostratigraphic unit boundaries. The digital three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model is constructed through combining faults, the elevation of the tops of each hydrostratigraphic unit, and boundary lines depicting the subsurface extent of each hydrostratigraphic unit. The framework also compiles a digital representation of the distribution of sedimentary facies within each hydrostratigraphic unit. The digital three-dimensional hydrogeologic model reproduces with reasonable accuracy the previously published subsurface hydrogeologic conceptualization of the aquifer system and represents the large-scale geometry of the subsurface aquifers. The model is at a scale and resolution appropriate for use as the foundation for a numerical hydrologic model of the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D.S., 2017, Three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model of the Rio Grande transboundary region of New Mexico and Texas, USA, and northern Chihuahua, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5060, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175060.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 49 p.; Appendixes 1-2; Data Release","numberOfPages":"61","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-074910","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345355,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JM27T6","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release of Three-Dimensional Hydrogeologic Framework Model of the Rio Grande Transboundary Region of New Mexico and Texas, USA and Northern Chihuahua, Mexico"},{"id":345356,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5060/sir20175060_appendix1.mp4","text":"Appendix 1. Animation—Solid Model Reveal","size":"126 MB, mp4","description":"SIR 2017–5060 Appendix 1"},{"id":345357,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5060/sir20175060_appendix2.mp4","text":"Appendix 2. Animation—Cross Section Panels","size":"85.7 MB, mp4","description":"SIR 2017–5060 Appendix 2"},{"id":345354,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5060/sir20175060.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5060"},{"id":345353,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5060/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Chihuahua, New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.81158447265624,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -106.14990234375,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -106.14990234375,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -107.81158447265624,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -107.81158447265624,\n 31.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-980
Denver, CO 80225
The sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystem extends across a large portion of the Western United States, and the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is one of the iconic species of this ecosystem. Greater sage-grouse populations occur in 11 States and are dependent on relatively large expanses of sagebrush-dominated habitat. Sage-grouse populations have been experiencing long-term declines owing to multiple stressors, including interactions among fire, exotic plant invasions, and human land uses, which have resulted in significant loss, fragmentation, and degradation of landscapes once dominated by sagebrush. In addition to the sage-grouse, over 350 species of plants and animals are dependent on the sagebrush ecosystem.
Increasing knowledge about how these species and the sagebrush ecosystem respond to these stressors and to management actions can inform and improve strategies to maintain existing areas of intact sagebrush and restore degraded landscapes. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a broad research program focused on providing the science needed to inform these strate-gies and to help land and resource managers at the Federal, State, Tribal, and local levels as they work towards sustainable sage-grouse populations and restored landscapes for the broad range of uses critical to stakeholders in the Western United States.
USGS science has provided a foundation for major land and resource management decisions including those that precluded the need to list the greater sage-grouse under the Endangered Species Act. The USGS is continuing to build on that foundation to inform science-based decisions to help support local economies and the continued conservation, management, and restoration of the sagebrush ecosystem.
This report contains descriptions of USGS sage-grouse and sagebrush ecosystem research projects that are ongoing or were active during 2017 and is organized into five thematic areas: Fire, Invasive Species, Restoration, Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse, and Climate and Weather.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1436","isbn":"978-1-4113-4168-5","usgsCitation":"Hanser, S.E., ed., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey sage-grouse and sagebrush ecosystem research annual report for 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1436, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1436.","productDescription":"iv, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-088857","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345426,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1436/circ1436.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIRC 1436"},{"id":345425,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1436/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Sage-Grouse and Sagebrush Ecosystem Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Mail Stop 301
Reston, VA 20192
Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems provide valuable services to humans and are a source of clean water, energy, raw materials, and productive soils. The Nation’s food supply is more secure because of wildlife. For example, native pollinators enhance agricultural crops, and insect-eating bats provide pest control services worth billions of dollars to farmers annually. Fish and wildlife are also vital to a vibrant outdoor recreation and tourism industry. Recreational activities, such as hunting, shooting, boating, and angling, generated \\$1.1 billion in excise taxes paid to State wildlife agencies in 2017. National parks, wildlife refuges, and monuments accounted for $35 billion in economic output and 318,000 jobs nationwide in 2016. Additional economic benefits are generated from the use and enjoyment of wildlife in State-owned lands and waters.
Although the United States is rich in natural resources, human activity continues to place new pressures on fish and wildlife and the habitats they rely on. The United States became the world’s top producer of petroleum and natural gas products in 2012, surpassing Russia’s natural gas production levels in 2009 and Saudi Arabia’s petroleum production in 2013. The U.S. Energy Information Administration projects that the demand for liquid fuel, natural gas, and renewable energy will show strong growth in the next 20 years. Wind energy has demonstrated consistent growth since 2007 with now more than 53,000 wind turbines contributing to power grids in 41 States, Guam, and Puerto Rico. Solar energy has seen rapid growth since 2013 and made up nearly one-third of the total electricity generation additions in 2016. Yet as our Nation works to advance energy security and sustain wildlife, some conflicts have surfaced. Impacts of an expanding energy infrastructure include fragmentation and loss of habitat as well as mortality of birds, bats, fish, and other animals from interactions with energy generation facilities. Because energy development can often occur in wildlife habitats, ecological science can help guide project siting and operational decisions to areas that present the lowest risk to wildlife and energy developers.
To address these challenges and make the most of new opportunities, the U.S. Geological Survey is producing innovative science to develop workable solutions that can help sustain wildlife and the habitat they rely upon, while allowing informed development.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1435","isbn":"978-1-4113-4169-2","usgsCitation":"Khalil, Mona, ed., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey—Energy and wildlife research annual report for 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1435, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1435.","productDescription":"iv, 91 p.","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-088712","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1435/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":345416,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1435/circ1435.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIRC 1435"}],"contact":"Energy and Wildlife Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Mail Stop 301
Reston, VA 20192
In a crude-oil-contaminated sandy aquifer at the Bemidji site in northern Minnesota, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons has resulted in release of naturally occurring As to groundwater under Fe-reducing conditions. This study used chemical extractions of aquifer sediments collected in 1993 and 2011–2014 to evaluate the relationship between Fe and As in different redox zones (oxic, methanogenic, Fe-reducing, anoxic-suboxic transition) of the contaminated aquifer over a twenty-year period. Results show that 1) the aquifer has the capacity to naturally attenuate the plume of dissolved As, primarily through sorption; 2) Fe and As are linearly correlated in sediment across all redox zones, and a regression analysis between Fe and As reasonably predicted As concentrations in sediment from 1993 using only Fe concentrations; 3) an As-rich “iron curtain,” associated with the anoxic-suboxic transition zone, migrated 30 m downgradient between 1993 and 2013 as a result of the hydrocarbon plume evolution; and 4) silt lenses in the aquifer preferentially sequester dissolved As, though As is remobilized into groundwater from sediment after reducing conditions are established. Using results of this study coupled with historical data, we develop a conceptual model which summarizes the natural attenuation of As and Fe over time and space that can be applied to other sites that experience As mobilization due to an influx of bioavailable organic matter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.04.009","usgsCitation":"Ziegler, B.A., Schreiber, M.E., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2017, The role of alluvial aquifer sediments in attenuating a dissolved arsenic plume: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 204, p. 90-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.04.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"101","ipdsId":"IP-086119","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469536,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.04.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K35RWK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The role of alluvial aquifer sediments in attenuating a dissolved arsenic plume data release"},{"id":345580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"204","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b3ac31e4b08b1644d8f1ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ziegler, Brady A.","contributorId":138960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Brady","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12594,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreiber, Madeline E.","contributorId":138959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreiber","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12594,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}