Emerging infectious diseases such as chytridiomycosis and ranavirus infections are important contributors to the worldwide decline of amphibian populations. We reviewed data on 247 anuran mortality events in 43 States of the United States from 1999–2015. Our findings suggest that a severe infectious disease of tadpoles caused by a protist belonging to the phylum Perkinsea might represent the third most common infectious disease of anurans after ranavirus infections and chytridiomycosis. Severe Perkinsea infections (SPI) were systemic and led to multiorganic failure and death. The SPI mortality events affected numerous anuran species and occurred over a broad geographic area, from boreal to subtropical habitats. Livers from all PCR-tested SPI-tadpoles (n = 19) were positive for the Novel Alveolate Group 01 (NAG01) of Perkinsea, while only 2.5% histologically normal tadpole livers tested positive (2/81), suggesting that subclinical infections are uncommon. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that SPI is associated with a phylogenetically distinct clade of NAG01 Perkinsea. These data suggest that this virulent Perkinsea clade is an important pathogen of frogs in the United States. Given its association with mortality events and tendency to be overlooked, the potential role of this emerging pathogen in amphibian declines on a broad geographic scale warrants further investigation.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grear, Daniel A. 0000-0002-5478-1549 dgrear@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549","contributorId":189819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grear","given":"Daniel","email":"dgrear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winzeler, Megan 0000-0002-0361-1582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-1582","contributorId":196274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winzeler","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calhoun, Daniel L. 0000-0003-2371-6936 dcalhoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-6936","contributorId":1455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Daniel","email":"dcalhoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861 wbarichivich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":3697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","email":"wbarichivich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190587,"text":"70190587 - 2017 - Validation of the USGS Landsat Burned Area Essential Climate Variable (BAECV) across the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T11:49:44","indexId":"70190587","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of the USGS Landsat Burned Area Essential Climate Variable (BAECV) across the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The Landsat Burned Area Essential Climate Variable (BAECV), developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), capitalizes on the long temporal availability of Landsat imagery to identify burned areas across the conterminous United States (CONUS) (1984–2015). Adequate validation of such products is critical for their proper usage and interpretation. Validation of coarse-resolution products often relies on independent data derived from moderate-resolution sensors (e.g., Landsat). Validation of Landsat products, in turn, is challenging because there is no corresponding source of high-resolution, multispectral imagery that has been systematically collected in space and time over the entire temporal extent of the Landsat archive. Because of this, comparison between high-resolution images and Landsat science products can help increase user's confidence in the Landsat science products, but may not, alone, be adequate. In this paper, we demonstrate an approach to systematically validate the Landsat-derived BAECV product. Burned area extent was mapped for Landsat image pairs using a manually trained semi-automated algorithm that was manually edited across 28 path/rows and five different years (1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008). Three datasets were independently developed by three analysts and the datasets were integrated on a pixel by pixel basis in which at least one to all three analysts were required to agree a pixel was burned. We found that errors within our Landsat reference dataset could be minimized by using the rendition of the dataset in which pixels were mapped as burned if at least two of the three analysts agreed. BAECV errors of omission and commission for the detection of burned pixels averaged 42% and 33%, respectively for CONUS across all five validation years. Errors of omission and commission were lowest across the western CONUS, for example in the shrub and scrublands of the Arid West (31% and 24%, respectively), and highest in the grasslands and agricultural lands of the Great Plains in central CONUS (62% and 57%, respectively). The BAECV product detected most (> 65%) fire events > 10 ha across the western CONUS (Arid and Mountain West ecoregions). Our approach and results demonstrate that a thorough validation of Landsat science products can be completed with independent Landsat-derived reference data, but could be strengthened by the use of complementary sources of high-resolution data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.025","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Fairaux, N., Beal, Y.G., and Hawbaker, T., 2017, Validation of the USGS Landsat Burned Area Essential Climate Variable (BAECV) across the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 198, p. 393-406, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.025.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"406","ipdsId":"IP-079461","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7T151VX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release for the validation of the USGS Landsat Burned Area Product across the conterminous U.S."},{"id":345579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}\n","volume":"198","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b3ac31e4b08b1644d8f1ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fairaux, Nicole","contributorId":196288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fairaux","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beal, Yen-Ju G. 0000-0002-5538-5687 ygbeal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-5687","contributorId":5328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beal","given":"Yen-Ju","email":"ygbeal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190588,"text":"70190588 - 2017 - Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey Landsat burned area essential climate variable across the conterminous U.S. using commercial high-resolution imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T11:45:34","indexId":"70190588","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey Landsat burned area essential climate variable across the conterminous U.S. using commercial high-resolution imagery","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has produced the Landsat Burned Area Essential Climate Variable (BAECV) product for the conterminous United States (CONUS), which provides wall-to-wall annual maps of burned area at 30 m resolution (1984–2015). Validation is a critical component in the generation of such remotely sensed products. Previous efforts to validate the BAECV relied on a reference dataset derived from Landsat, which was effective in evaluating the product across its timespan but did not allow for consideration of inaccuracies imposed by the Landsat sensor itself. In this effort, the BAECV was validated using 286 high-resolution images, collected from GeoEye-1, QuickBird-2, Worldview-2 and RapidEye satellites. A disproportionate sampling strategy was utilized to ensure enough burned area pixels were collected. Errors of omission and commission for burned area averaged 22 ± 4% and 48 ± 3%, respectively, across CONUS. Errors were lowest across the western U.S. The elevated error of commission relative to omission was largely driven by patterns in the Great Plains which saw low errors of omission (13 ± 13%) but high errors of commission (70 ± 5%) and potentially a region-growing function included in the BAECV algorithm. While the BAECV reliably detected agricultural fires in the Great Plains, it frequently mapped tilled areas or areas with low vegetation as burned. Landscape metrics were calculated for individual fire events to assess the influence of image resolution (2 m, 30 m and 500 m) on mapping fire heterogeneity. As the spatial detail of imagery increased, fire events were mapped in a patchier manner with greater patch and edge densities, and shape complexity, which can influence estimates of total greenhouse gas emissions and rates of vegetation recovery. The increasing number of satellites collecting high-resolution imagery and rapid improvements in the frequency with which imagery is being collected means greater opportunities to utilize these sources of imagery for Landsat product validation.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs9070743","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Brunner, N.M., Beal, Y.G., and Hawbaker, T., 2017, Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey Landsat burned area essential climate variable across the conterminous U.S. using commercial high-resolution imagery: Remote Sensing, v. 9, no. 7, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070743.","productDescription":"Article 743; 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-085973","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070743","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}\n","volume":"9","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b3ac30e4b08b1644d8f1a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brunner, Nicole M. 0000-0001-9657-2860 nbrunner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-2860","contributorId":5323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunner","given":"Nicole","email":"nbrunner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beal, Yen-Ju G. 0000-0002-5538-5687 ygbeal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-5687","contributorId":5328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beal","given":"Yen-Ju","email":"ygbeal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236452,"text":"70236452 - 2017 - Building collaboration between the North Central CSC and regional partners through liaison teams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T12:23:56.966064","indexId":"70236452","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-07T07:23:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Building collaboration between the North Central CSC and regional partners through liaison teams","docAbstract":"The Liaison Project increased communications between the North Central
Climate Science Center (NC CSC), other USGS Science Centers and potential collaborators
including active members of the four Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCC) included in
the NC CSC area. The project was initiated with listening sessions to determine partners’ interest
in liaising with the NC CSC, and USGS liaison proposals were selected based on demonstrated
ability to continue and initiate relationships with state, federal, tribal, university and other
partners. Increased communications has resulted in activities to co-produce knowledge to support
management decisions that are impacted by climate.
The Tharsis Montes rift aprons are composed of outpourings of lava from chaotic terrains to the northeast and southwest flank of each volcano. Sinuous and branching channel networks that are present on the rift aprons suggest the possibility of fluvial processes in their development, or erosion by rapidly emplaced lavas, but the style of lava flow emplacement throughout rift apron development is not clearly understood. To better characterize the style of lava emplacement and role of fluvial processes in rift apron development, we conducted morphological mapping of the Pavonis Mons southwest rift apron and the eastern Tharsis plains using images from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), Context Camera (CTX), Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS), and High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) along with the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) Precision Experiment Data Records (PEDRs) and gridded data. Our approach was to: (1) search for depositional fans at the slope break between the rift apron and adjacent low slope plains; (2) determine if there is evidence that previously formed deposits might have been buried by plains units; (3) characterize the Tharsis plains morphologies east of Pavonis Mons; and (4) assess their relationship to the rift apron units. We have not identified topographically significant depositional fans, nor did we observe evidence to suggest that plains units have buried older rift apron units. Flow features associated with the rift apron are observed to continue across the slope break onto the plains. In this area, the plains are composed of a variety of small fissures and low shield vents around which broad channel-fed and tube-fed flows have been identified. We also find broad, flat-topped plateaus and sinuous ridges mixed among the channels, tubes and vents. Flat-topped plateaus and sinuous ridges are morphologies that are analogous to those observed on the coastal plain of Hawai‘i, where lava flows have advanced from the volcano's several degree flank onto the nearly zero degree coastal plain. When local volumetric flow rates are low, flow fronts tend to spread laterally and often thicken via endogenous growth, or inflation, of the sheet-like flow units. If flow advance is restricted by existing topography into narrow pathways, inflation can be focused into sinuous, elongate ridges. The presence of plateaus and ridges—emplaced from the rift zones, across the plains to the east of Pavonis Mons—and a lack of fan-like features, or evidence for their burial, are consistent with rift apron lavas crossing a slope break with low local volumetric flow rates that led to inflation of sheet-like and tube-fed lava flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.025","usgsCitation":"Bleacher, J.E., Orr, T.R., de Wet, A.P., Zimbelman, J.R., Hamilton, C.W., Garry, W.B., Crumpler, L.S., and Williams, D.A., 2017, Plateaus and sinuous ridges as the fingerprints of lava flow inflation in the Eastern Tharsis Plains of Mars: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 342, p. 29-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.025.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"46","ipdsId":"IP-076218","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"342","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25afce4b020cdf7db1fa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleacher, Jacob E.","contributorId":145705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bleacher","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588 torr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":149803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim","email":"torr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"de Wet, Andrew P.","contributorId":196264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Wet","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimbelman, James R.","contributorId":196265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimbelman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hamilton, Christopher W.","contributorId":196266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garry, W. Brent","contributorId":196267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garry","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Crumpler, Larry S.","contributorId":196268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crumpler","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, David A.","contributorId":196269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70190551,"text":"70190551 - 2017 - Importance of measuring discharge and sediment transport in lesser tributaries when closing sediment budgets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-07T12:12:52","indexId":"70190551","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of measuring discharge and sediment transport in lesser tributaries when closing sediment budgets","docAbstract":"Sediment budgets are an important tool for understanding how riverine ecosystems respond to perturbations. Changes in the quantity and grain size distribution of sediment within river systems affect the channel morphology and related habitat resources. It is therefore important for resource managers to know if a river reach is in a state of sediment accumulation, deficit or stasis. Many sediment-budget studies have estimated the sediment loads of ungaged tributaries using regional sediment-yield equations or other similar techniques. While these approaches may be valid in regions where rainfall and geology are uniform over large areas, use of sediment-yield equations may lead to poor estimations of loads in regions where rainfall events, contributing geology, and vegetation have large spatial and/or temporal variability.
Previous estimates of the combined mean-annual sediment load of all ungaged tributaries to the Colorado River downstream from Glen Canyon Dam vary by over a factor of three; this range in estimated sediment loads has resulted in different researchers reaching opposite conclusions on the sign (accumulation or deficit) of the sediment budget for particular reaches of the Colorado River. To better evaluate the supply of fine sediment (sand, silt, and clay) from these tributaries to the Colorado River, eight gages were established on previously ungaged tributaries in Glen, Marble, and Grand canyons. Results from this sediment-monitoring network show that previous estimates of the annual sediment loads of these tributaries were too high and that the sediment budget for the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam is more negative than previously calculated by most researchers. As a result of locally intense rainfall events with footprints smaller than the receiving basin, floods from a single tributary in semi-arid regions can have large (≥ 10 ×) differences in sediment concentrations between equal magnitude flows. Because sediment loads do not necessarily correlate with drainage size, and may vary by two orders of magnitude on an annual basis, using techniques such as sediment-yield equations to estimate the sediment loads of ungaged tributaries may lead to large errors in sediment budgets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.08.037","usgsCitation":"Griffiths, R.E., and Topping, D.J., 2017, Importance of measuring discharge and sediment transport in lesser tributaries when closing sediment budgets: Geomorphology, v. 296, p. 59-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.08.037.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-082842","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"296","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25afee4b020cdf7db1fad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffiths, Ronald E. 0000-0003-3620-2926 rgriffiths@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-2926","contributorId":162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Ronald","email":"rgriffiths@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":140985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189538,"text":"sir20175077 - 2017 - 2014 volcanic activity in Alaska: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T10:07:43","indexId":"sir20175077","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5077","title":"2014 volcanic activity in Alaska: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptions, possible eruptions, volcanic unrest or suspected unrest, and seismic events at 18 volcanic centers in Alaska during 2014. The most notable volcanic activity consisted of intermittent ash eruptions from long-active Cleveland and Shishaldin Volcanoes in the Aleutian Islands, and two eruptive episodes at Pavlof Volcano on the Alaska Peninsula. Semisopochnoi and Akutan volcanoes had seismic swarms, both likely the result of magmatic intrusion. The AVO also installed seismometers and infrasound instruments at Mount Cleveland during 2014.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175077","collaboration":"The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The Alaska Volcano Observatory is funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program and the State of Alaska.","usgsCitation":"Cameron, C.E., Dixon, J.P., Neal, C.A., Waythomas, C.F., Schaefer, J.R., and McGimsey, R.G., 2017, 2014 Volcanic activity in Alaska—Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5077, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175077.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p.","numberOfPages":"93","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079263","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345550,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5077/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345551,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5077/sir20175077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5077"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -183,\n 50.51342652633956\n ],\n [\n -142,\n 50.51342652633956\n ],\n [\n -142,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -183,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -183,\n 50.51342652633956\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4230 University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
There is little information on predator–prey interactions in wind energy landscapes in North America, especially among terrestrial vertebrates. Here, we evaluated how proximity to roads and wind turbines affect mesocarnivore visitation with desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and their burrows in a wind energy landscape. In 2013, we placed motion-sensor cameras facing the entrances of 46 active desert tortoise burrows in a 5.2-km2 wind energy facility near Palm Springs, California, USA. Cameras recorded images of 35 species of reptiles, mammals, and birds. Counts for 4 species of mesocarnivores at desert tortoise burrows increased closer to dirt roads, and decreased closer to wind turbines. Our results suggest that anthropogenic infrastructure associated with wind energy facilities could influence the general behavior of mammalian predators and their prey. Further investigation of proximate mechanisms that underlie road and wind turbine effects (i.e., ground vibrations, sound emission, and traffic volume) and on wind energy facility spatial designs (i.e., road and wind turbine configuration) could prove useful for better understanding wildlife responses to wind energy development. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21262","usgsCitation":"Agha, M., Smith, A.L., Lovich, J.E., Delaney, D.F., Ennen, J., Briggs, J.R., Fleckenstein, L.J., Tennant, L.A., Puffer, S., Walde, A.D., Arundel, T.R., Price, S.J., and Todd, B., 2017, Mammalian mesocarnivore visitation at tortoise burrows in a wind farm: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 6, p. 1117-1124, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21262.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1117","endPage":"1124","ipdsId":"IP-071633","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2kp4v7kk","text":"External Repository"},{"id":345538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palm Springs","volume":"81","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25afee4b020cdf7db1faa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Amanda L. amandasmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":193098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Amanda","email":"amandasmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Delaney, David F.","contributorId":41797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delaney","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27261,"text":"U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaig","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ennen, Joshua R.","contributorId":60368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ennen","given":"Joshua R.","affiliations":[{"id":13216,"text":"Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Briggs, Jessica R.","contributorId":139510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12783,"text":"Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleckenstein, Leo J.","contributorId":196259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleckenstein","given":"Leo","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13019,"text":"Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tennant, Laura A. 0000-0003-0062-7287 ltennant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-7287","contributorId":5984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tennant","given":"Laura","email":"ltennant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Puffer, Shellie R.","contributorId":196260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puffer","given":"Shellie R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Walde, Andrew D.","contributorId":127765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walde","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7143,"text":"Walde Resoarch & Environmental Consulting, Atascadero, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Arundel, Terence R. 0000-0003-0324-4249 tarundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0324-4249","contributorId":139242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Terence","email":"tarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Price, Steven J. 0000-0002-2388-0579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-0579","contributorId":57738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Todd, Brian D.","contributorId":196261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[{"id":6961,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70189734,"text":"sir20175081 - 2017 - Characterization of sediment transport upstream and downstream from Lake Emory on the Little Tennessee River near Franklin, North Carolina, 2014–15","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-18T10:37:17","indexId":"sir20175081","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-06T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5081","title":"Characterization of sediment transport upstream and downstream from Lake Emory on the Little Tennessee River near Franklin, North Carolina, 2014–15","docAbstract":"Federal, State, and local agencies and organizations have expressed concerns regarding the detrimental effects of excessive sediment transport on aquatic resources and endangered species populations in the upper Little Tennessee River and some of its tributaries. In addition, the storage volume of Lake Emory, which is necessary for flood control and power generation, has been depleted by sediment deposition. To help address these concerns, a 2-year study was conducted in the upper Little Tennessee River Basin to characterize the ambient suspended-sediment concentrations and suspended-sediment loads upstream and downstream from Lake Emory in Franklin, North Carolina. The study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Duke Energy. Suspended-sediment samples were collected periodically, and time series of stage and turbidity data were measured from December 2013 to January 2016 upstream and downstream from Lake Emory. The stage data were used to compute time-series streamflow. Suspended-sediment samples, along with time-series streamflow and turbidity data, were used to develop regression models that were used to estimate time-series suspended-sediment concentrations for the 2014 and 2015 calendar years. These concentrations, along with streamflow data, were used to compute suspended-sediment loads. Selected suspended-sediment samples were collected for analysis of particle-size distribution, with emphasis on high-flow events. Bed-load samples were also collected upstream from Lake Emory.
The estimated annual suspended-sediment loads (yields) for the upstream site for the 2014 and 2015 calendar years were 27,000 short tons (92 short tons per square mile) and 63,300 short tons (215 short tons per square mile), respectively. The annual suspended-sediment loads (yields) for the downstream site for 2014 and 2015 were 24,200 short tons (75 short tons per square mile) and 94,300 short tons (292 short tons per square mile), respectively. Overall, the suspended-sediment load at the downstream site was about 28,300 short tons greater than the upstream site over the study period.
As expected, high-flow events (the top 5 percent of daily mean flows) accounted for the majority of the sediment load; 80 percent at the upstream site and 90 percent at the downstream site. A similar relation between turbidity (the top 5 percent of daily mean turbidity) and high loads was also noted. In general, when instantaneous streamflows at the upstream site exceeded 5,000 cubic feet per second, increased daily loads were computed at the downstream site. During low to moderate flows, estimated suspended-sediment loads were lower at the downstream site when compared to the upstream site, which suggests that sediment deposition may be occurring in the intervening reach during those conditions. During the high-flow events, the estimated suspended-sediment loads were higher at the downstream site; however, it is impossible to say with certainty whether the increase in loading was due to scouring of lake sediment, contributions from the additional source area, model error, or a combination of one or more of these factors. The computed loads for a one-week period (December 24–31, 2015), during which the two largest high-flow events of the study period occurred, were approximately 52 percent of the 2015 annual sediment load (36 percent of 2-year load) at the upstream site and approximately 72 percent of the 2015 annual sediment load (57 percent of 2-year load) at the downstream site. Six bedload samples were collected during three events; two high-flow events and one base-flow event. The contribution of bedload to the total sediment load was determined to be insignificant for sampled flows. In general, streamflows for long-term streamgages in the study area were below normal for the majority of the study period; however, flows during the last 3 months of the study period were above normal, including the extreme events during the last week of the study period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Duke Energy","usgsCitation":"Huffman, B.A., Hazell, W.F., and Oblinger, C.J., 2017, Characterization of sediment transport upstream and downstream from Lake Emory on the Little Tennessee River near Franklin, North Carolina, 2014–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5081, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175081.","productDescription":"vii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081883","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345379,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5081/sir20175081.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5081"},{"id":345378,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5081/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Lake Emory; 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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
During 2015-2016, we completed development of a new analytical framework for landbird population monitoring data from the National Park Service (NPS) North Coast and Cascades Inventory and Monitoring Network (NCCN). This new tool for analysis combines several recent advances in modeling population status and trends using point-count data and is designed to supersede the approach previously slated for analysis of trends in the NCCN and other networks, including the Sierra Nevada Network (SIEN). Advances supported by the new model-based approach include 1) the use of combined data on distance and time of detection to estimate detection probability without assuming perfect detection at zero distance, 2) seamless accommodation of variation in sampling effort and missing data, and 3) straightforward estimation of the effects of downscaled climate and other local habitat characteristics on spatial and temporal trends in landbird populations. No changes in the current field protocol are necessary to facilitate the new analyses. We applied several versions of the new model to data from each of 39 species recorded in the three mountain parks of the NCCN, estimating trends and climate relationships for each species during 2005-2014. Our methods and results are also reported in a manuscript in revision for the journal Ecosphere (hereafter, Ray et al.). Here, we summarize the methods and results outlined in depth by Ray et al., discuss benefits of the new analytical framework, and provide recommendations for its application to synthetic analyses of long-term data from the NCCN and SIEN. All code necessary for implementing the new analyses is provided within the Appendices to this report, in the form of fully annotated scripts written in the open-access programming languages R and JAGS.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Ray, C., Saracco, J., Jenkins, K.J., Huff, M., Happe, P.J., and Ransom, J.I., 2017, Development of a robust analytical framework for assessing landbird trends, dynamics and relationships with environmental covariates in the North Coast and Cascades Network: Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR-2017/1483, x, 72 p.","productDescription":"x, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"86","ipdsId":"IP-087591","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2242624"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b10931e4b020cdf7d8d9c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ray, Chris","contributorId":150148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ray","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17921,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saracco, James","contributorId":195412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saracco","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huff, Mark","contributorId":195417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huff","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Happe, Patricia J.","contributorId":177053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Happe","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ransom, Jason I.","contributorId":139841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189477,"text":"sir20175049 - 2017 - A field study of selected U.S. Geological Survey analytical methods for measuring pesticides in filtered stream water, June - September 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T13:41:53.681826","indexId":"sir20175049","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5049","title":"A field study of selected U.S. Geological Survey analytical methods for measuring pesticides in filtered stream water, June - September 2012","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey monitoring programs extensively used two analytical methods, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, to measure pesticides in filtered water samples during 1992–2012. In October 2012, the monitoring programs began using direct aqueous-injection liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry as a new analytical method for pesticides. The change in analytical methods, however, has the potential to inadvertently introduce bias in analysis of datasets that span the change.
A field study was designed to document performance of the new method in a variety of stream-water matrices and to quantify any potential changes in measurement bias or variability that could be attributed to changes in analytical methods. The goals of the field study were to (1) summarize performance (bias and variability of pesticide recovery) of the new method in a variety of stream-water matrices; (2) compare performance of the new method in laboratory blank water (laboratory reagent spikes) to that in a variety of stream-water matrices; (3) compare performance (analytical recovery) of the new method to that of the old methods in a variety of stream-water matrices; (4) compare pesticide detections and concentrations measured by the new method to those of the old methods in a variety of stream-water matrices; (5) compare contamination measured by field blank water samples in old and new methods; (6) summarize the variability of pesticide detections and concentrations measured by the new method in field duplicate water samples; and (7) identify matrix characteristics of environmental water samples that adversely influence the performance of the new method. Stream-water samples and a variety of field quality-control samples were collected at 48 sites in the U.S. Geological Survey monitoring networks during June–September 2012. Stream sites were located across the United States and included sites in agricultural and urban land-use settings, as well as sites on major rivers.
The results of the field study identified several challenges for the analysis and interpretation of data analyzed by both old and new methods, particularly when data span the change in methods and are combined for analysis of temporal trends in water quality. The main challenges identified are large (greater than 30 percent), statistically significant differences in analytical recovery, detection capability, and (or) measured concentrations for selected pesticides. These challenges are documented and discussed, but specific guidance or statistical methods to resolve these differences in methods are beyond the scope of the report. The results of the field study indicate that the implications of the change in analytical methods must be assessed individually for each pesticide and method.
Understanding the possible causes of the systematic differences in concentrations between methods that remain after recovery adjustment might be necessary to determine how to account for the differences in data analysis. Because recoveries for each method are independently determined from separate reference standards and spiking solutions, the differences might be due to an error in one of the reference standards or solutions or some other basic aspect of standard procedure in the analytical process. Further investigation of the possible causes is needed, which will lead to specific decisions on how to compensate for these differences in concentrations in data analysis. In the event that further investigations do not provide insight into the causes of systematic differences in concentrations between methods, the authors recommend continuing to collect and analyze paired environmental water samples by both old and new methods. This effort should be targeted to seasons, sites, and expected concentrations to supplement those concentrations already assessed and to compare the ongoing analytical recovery of old and new methods to those observed in the summer and fall of 2012.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175049","usgsCitation":"Martin, J.D., Norman, J.E., Sandstrom, M.W., and Rose, C.E., 2017, A field study of selected U.S. Geological Survey analytical methods for measuring pesticides in filtered stream water, June–September 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5049, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175049.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 106 p.; 7 Appendixes; Data Release","numberOfPages":"118","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071831","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345500,"rank":11,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix2to8.zip","text":"Appendixes 2–8","size":"1.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendixes 2–8"},{"id":345494,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix8.pdf","text":"Appendix 8","size":"95 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 8"},{"id":345493,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix7.pdf","text":"Appendix 7","size":"108 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 7"},{"id":345488,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"207 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 2"},{"id":345442,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.07 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049"},{"id":345441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345492,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix6.pdf","text":"Appendix 6","size":"153 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 6"},{"id":345491,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix5.pdf","text":"Appendix 5","size":"233 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 5"},{"id":345490,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix4.pdf","text":"Appendix 4","size":"363 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 4"},{"id":345489,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5049/sir20175049_appendix3.pdf","text":"Appendix 3","size":"570 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5049 Appendix 3"},{"id":345443,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RB732P","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Data Sets for the Report Entitled, \"A field study of selected U.S. Geological Survey analytical methods for measuring pesticides in filtered stream water, June - September 2012 (Scientific Investigations Report SIR-2017-5049)\""}],"country":"United States","contact":"National Water-Quality Assessment Project
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46278
We investigated how visitor-use affects water quality in wilderness in Yosemite National Park. During the summers of 2012–2014, we collected and analyzed surface-water samples for water-quality indicators, including fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli, nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon), suspended sediment concentration, pharmaceuticals, and hormones. Samples were collected upstream and downstream from different types of visitor use at weekly to biweekly intervals and during summer storms. We conducted a park-wide synoptic sampling campaign during summer 2014, and sampled upstream and downstream from meadows to evaluate the mitigating effect of meadows on water quality. At pack stock stream crossings, Escherichia coli concentrations were greater downstream from crossings than upstream (median downstream increase in Escherichia coli of three colony forming units 100 mL−1), with the greatest increases occurring during storms (median downstream increase in Escherichia coli of 32 CFU 100 mL−1). At backpacker use sites, hormones, and pharmaceuticals (e.g., insect repellent) were detected at downstream sites, and Escherichia coli concentrations were greater at downstream sites (median downstream increase in Escherichia coli of 1 CFU 100 mL−1). Differences in water quality downstream vs. upstream from meadows grazed by pack stock were not detectable for most water-quality indicators, however, Escherichia coli concentrations decreased downstream, suggesting entrapment and die-off of fecal indicator bacteria in meadows. Our results indicate that under current-use levels pack stock trail use and backpacker use are associated with detectable, but relatively minor, effects on water quality, which are most pronounced during storms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-017-0899-z","usgsCitation":"Forrester, H., Clow, D.W., Roche, J.W., Heyvaert, A., and Battaglin, W.A., 2017, Effects of backpacker use, pack stock trail use, and pack stock grazing on water-quality indicators, including nutrients, E. coli, hormones, and pharmaceuticals, in Yosemite National Park, USA: Environmental Management, v. 60, no. 3, p. 526-543, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0899-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"543","ipdsId":"IP-087033","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 37.738141282210385\n ],\n [\n -119.25041198730469,\n 37.738141282210385\n ],\n [\n -119.25041198730469,\n 37.93282521519654\n ],\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 37.93282521519654\n ],\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 37.738141282210385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b1092ee4b020cdf7d8d9b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forrester, Harrison","contributorId":21084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forrester","given":"Harrison","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roche, James W.","contributorId":178800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roche","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heyvaert, Alan","contributorId":145509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heyvaert","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190524,"text":"70190524 - 2017 - Current-use flame retardants in the water of Lake Michigan tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T16:05:41","indexId":"70190524","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current-use flame retardants in the water of Lake Michigan tributaries","docAbstract":"In this study, we measured the concentrations of 65 flame retardants in water samples from five Lake Michigan tributaries. These flame retardants included organophosphate esters (OPEs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and Dechlorane-related compounds. A total of 59 samples, including both the particulate and the dissolved phases, were collected from the Grand, Kalamazoo, Saint Joseph, and Lower Fox rivers and from the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal (IHSC) in 2015. OPEs were the most abundant among the targeted compounds with geometric mean concentrations ranging from 20 to 54 ng/L; OPE concentrations were comparable among the five tributaries. BFR concentrations were about 1 ng/L, and the most-abundant compounds were bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate, 2-ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate, and decabromodiphenyl ether. The highest BFR concentrations were measured in either the IHSC or the Saint Joseph River. The dechlorane-related compounds were detected at low concentrations (<1 pg/L). The fraction of target compounds in the particulate phase relative to the dissolved phase varied by chemical and tended to increase with their octanol–water partition coefficient. The chemical loading from all the five tributaries into Lake Michigan were <10 kg/year for the BFRs and about 500 kg/year for the OPEs.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b01294","usgsCitation":"Guo, J., Romanak, K., Westenbroek, S.M., Hites, R.A., and Venier, M., 2017, Current-use flame retardants in the water of Lake Michigan tributaries: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 17, p. 9960-9969, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01294.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9960","endPage":"9969","ipdsId":"IP-087256","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.165283203125,\n 41.335575973123916\n ],\n [\n -85.946044921875,\n 41.335575973123916\n ],\n [\n -85.946044921875,\n 44.66083904265621\n ],\n [\n -88.165283203125,\n 44.66083904265621\n ],\n [\n -88.165283203125,\n 41.335575973123916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b1092fe4b020cdf7d8d9c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guo, Jiehong","contributorId":191232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Jiehong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romanak, Kevin","contributorId":191234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romanak","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hites, Ronald A.","contributorId":191235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hites","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Venier, Marta","contributorId":191233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venier","given":"Marta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190527,"text":"70190527 - 2017 - From coseismic offsets to fault-block mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-18T15:26:45","indexId":"70190527","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From coseismic offsets to fault-block mountains","docAbstract":"In the Basin and Range extensional province of the western United States, coseismic offsets, under the influence of gravity, display predominantly subsidence of the basin side (fault hanging wall), with comparatively little or no uplift of the mountainside (fault footwall). A few decades later, geodetic measurements [GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)] show broad (∼100 km) aseismic uplift symmetrically spanning the fault zone. Finally, after millions of years and hundreds of fault offsets, the mountain blocks display large uplift and tilting over a breadth of only about 10 km. These sparse but robust observations pose a problem in that the coesismic uplifts of the footwall are small and inadequate to raise the mountain blocks. To address this paradox we develop finite-element models subjected to extensional and gravitational forces to study time-varying deformation associated with normal faulting. Stretching the model under gravity demonstrates that asymmetric slip via collapse of the hanging wall is a natural consequence of coseismic deformation. Focused flow in the upper mantle imposed by deformation of the lower crust localizes uplift, which is predicted to take place within one to two decades after each large earthquake. Thus, the best-preserved topographic signature of earthquakes is expected to occur early in the postseismic period.
","language":"English","publisher":"The National Academy of the Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1711203114","usgsCitation":"Thompson, G.A., and Parsons, T.E., 2017, From coseismic offsets to fault-block mountains: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 114, no. 37, p. 9820-9825, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711203114.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9820","endPage":"9825","ipdsId":"IP-089814","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711203114","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"37","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b1092fe4b020cdf7d8d9bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, George A.","contributorId":94288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190547,"text":"70190547 - 2017 - Climate, wildfire, and erosion ensemble foretells more sediment in western USA watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T12:47:15","indexId":"70190547","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate, wildfire, and erosion ensemble foretells more sediment in western USA watersheds","docAbstract":"The area burned annually by wildfires is expected to increase worldwide due to climate change. Burned areas increase soil erosion rates within watersheds, which can increase sedimentation in downstream rivers and reservoirs. However, which watersheds will be impacted by future wildfires is largely unknown. Using an ensemble of climate, fire, and erosion models, we show that post-fire sedimentation is projected to increase for nearly nine-tenths of watersheds by > 10% and for more than one-third of watersheds by > 100% by the 2041 to 2050 decade in the western USA. The projected increases are statistically significant for more than eight-tenths of the watersheds. In the western USA, many human communities rely on water from rivers and reservoirs that originates in watersheds where sedimentation is projected to increase. Increased sedimentation could negatively impact water supply and quality for some communities, in addition to affecting stream channel stability and aquatic ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017GL073979","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J.B., Kreitler, J.R., Hawbaker, T., McVay, J.L., Miller, M., Mueller, E.R., Vaillant, N.M., Lowe, S., and Sankey, T.T., 2017, Climate, wildfire, and erosion ensemble foretells more sediment in western USA watersheds: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 17, p. 8884-8892, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073979.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"8884","endPage":"8892","ipdsId":"IP-073012","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BV7DS8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Climate, Wildfire, and Erosion Data, Western US"},{"id":345524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b1092ee4b020cdf7d8d9b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kreitler, Jason R. 0000-0002-0243-5281 jkreitler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-5281","contributorId":4050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","email":"jkreitler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":196234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":709728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McVay, Jason L.","contributorId":196235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McVay","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, Mary Ellen","contributorId":196236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Mary Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mueller, Erich R. 0000-0001-8202-154X emueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-154X","contributorId":4930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Erich","email":"emueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vaillant, Nicole M.","contributorId":196237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaillant","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lowe, Scott E.","contributorId":196238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Scott E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen T.","contributorId":173297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7202,"text":"NAU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70190502,"text":"70190502 - 2017 - Survivorship across the annual cycle of a migratory passerine, the willow flycatcher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T08:27:40","indexId":"70190502","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survivorship across the annual cycle of a migratory passerine, the willow flycatcher","docAbstract":"Annual survivorship in migratory birds is a product of survival across the different periods of the annual cycle (i.e. breeding, wintering, and migration), and may vary substantially among these periods. Determining which periods have the highest mortality, and thus are potentially limiting a population, is important especially for species of conservation concern. To estimate survival probabilities of the willow flycatcher Empidonax traillii in each of the different periods, we combined demographic data from a 10-year breeding season study with that from a 5-year wintering grounds study. Estimates of annual apparent survival for breeding and wintering periods were nearly identical (65–66%), as were estimates of monthly apparent survival for both breeding and wintering stationary periods (98–99%). Because flycatchers spend at least half the year on the wintering grounds, overall apparent survivorship was lower (88%) on the wintering grounds than on the breeding grounds (97%). The migratory period had the highest mortality rate, accounting for 62% of the estimated annual mortality even though it comprises only one quarter or less of the annual cycle. The migratory period in the willow flycatcher and many other neotropical migrants is poorly understood, and further research is needed to identify sources of mortality during this crucial period.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.01371","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E., Durst, S.L., Sogge, M.K., Koronkiewicz, T.J., and Paxton, K.L., 2017, Survivorship across the annual cycle of a migratory passerine, the willow flycatcher: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 48, no. 8, p. 1126-1131, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.01371.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1126","endPage":"1131","ipdsId":"IP-080042","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ae6638e4b0e9bde133c7b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durst, Scott L.","contributorId":196155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Durst","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sogge, Mark K. 0000-0002-8337-5689 mark_sogge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5689","contributorId":3710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogge","given":"Mark","email":"mark_sogge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koronkiewicz, Thomas J.","contributorId":196156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koronkiewicz","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34515,"text":"SWCA Environmental Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paxton, Kristina L. 0000-0003-2321-5090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2321-5090","contributorId":41917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paxton","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12981,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190483,"text":"70190483 - 2017 - Experimental observations on the decay of environmental DNA from bighead and silver carps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T09:18:52","indexId":"70190483","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental observations on the decay of environmental DNA from bighead and silver carps","docAbstract":"Interest in the field of environmental DNA (eDNA) is growing rapidly and eDNA surveys are becoming an important consideration for aquatic resource managers dealing with invasive species. However, in order for eDNA monitoring to mature as a research and management tool, there are several critical knowledge gaps that must be filled. One such gap is the fate of eDNA materials in the aquatic environment. Understanding the environmental factors that influence the decay of eDNA and how these factors impact detection probabilities over time and space could have significant implications for eDNA survey design and data interpretation. Here we experimentally explore decay of eDNA associated with bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) biological waste collected from an aquaculture filtration system and with sperm collected from captive silver carp (H. molitrix), and how decay may be influenced by differing levels of water turbulence, temperature, microbial load, and pH. We found that the decay patterns of eDNA associated with both H. nobilis biological waste and H. molitrix milt significantly fit monophasic exponential decay curves. Secondly, we observed that the highest temperature we tested resulted in a decay half-life as much as 5.5× more rapid than the lowest temperature we tested. When we suppressed microbial loads in eDNA samples, we observed that overall losses of eDNA were reduced by about 2.5×. When we amended eDNA samples with pond water the half-life of eDNA was reduced by about 2.25×, despite relatively little apparent increase in the overall microbial load. This pattern indicated that species constituency of the microbial community, in addition to microbial load, might play a critical role in eDNA degradation. A shift in pH from 6.5 to 8.0 in the samples resulted in a 1.6× reduction in eDNA halflife. Water turbulence in our study had no apparent effect on eDNA decay. When we combined different temperature, pH, and microbial load treatments to create a rapid decay condition and a slow decay condition, and tracked eDNA decay over 91 days, we observed a 5.0× greater loss of eDNA by Day 5 under rapid decay conditions than under slow decay conditions. At the end of the trials, the differences in eDNA loss between the rapid decay and baseline and slow decay conditions were 0.1× and 3.3×, respectively. Our results strongly demonstrate the potential for environmental factors to influence eDNA fate and, thus, the interpretation of eDNA survey results.
","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.08","usgsCitation":"Lance, R.F., Klymus, K.E., Richter, C.A., Guan, X., Farrington, H.L., Carr, M.R., Thompson, N., Chapman, D., and Baerwaldt, K.L., 2017, Experimental observations on the decay of environmental DNA from bighead and silver carps: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 8, no. 3, p. 343-359, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.08.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"359","ipdsId":"IP-080386","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469541,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.08","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7F769P1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Experimental observations on the decay of environmental DNA from bighead and silver carp-Data"},{"id":345452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79be4b0e9bde135112b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lance, Richard F.","contributorId":176872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lance","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klymus, Katy E. 0000-0002-8843-6241 kklymus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-6241","contributorId":5043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klymus","given":"Katy","email":"kklymus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":138994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guan, Xin","contributorId":196130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guan","given":"Xin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farrington, Heather L.","contributorId":196131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrington","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carr, Matthew R.","contributorId":196132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thompson, Nathan 0000-0002-1372-6340 nthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-6340","contributorId":196133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Nathan","email":"nthompson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Baerwaldt, Kelly L.","contributorId":196134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baerwaldt","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70189630,"text":"sir20165139B - 2017 - Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70189630,"text":"sir20165139B - 2017 - Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","indexId":"sir20165139B","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","displayTitle":"Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","title":"Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70177056,"text":"sir20165139 - 2016 - Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","indexId":"sir20165139","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"title":"Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70177056,"text":"sir20165139 - 2016 - Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","indexId":"sir20165139","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"title":"Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T09:28:03","indexId":"sir20165139B","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5139","chapter":"B","displayTitle":"Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","title":"Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: Chapter B of Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015","docAbstract":"Water levels during 2003 through 2013 were less than mean water levels for the period 1925–2013 for several lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area in Minnesota. Previous periods of low lake-water levels generally were correlated with periods with less than mean precipitation. Increases in groundwater withdrawals and land-use changes have brought into question whether or not recent (2003–13) lake-water-level declines are solely caused by decreases in precipitation. A thorough understanding of groundwater and surface-water exchanges was needed to assess the effect of water-management decisions on lake-water levels. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Metropolitan Council and the Minnesota Department of Health, developed and calibrated a three-dimensional, steady-state groundwater-flow model representing 2003–13 mean hydrologic conditions to assess groundwater and lake-water exchanges, and the effects of groundwater withdrawals and precipitation on water levels of 96 lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area.
Lake-water budgets for the calibrated groundwater-flow model indicated that groundwater is flowing into lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area and lakes are providing water to underlying aquifers. Lake-water outflow to the simulated groundwater system was a major outflow component for Big Marine Lake, Lake Elmo, Snail Lake, and White Bear Lake, accounting for 45 to 64 percent of the total outflows from the lakes. Evaporation and transpiration from the lake surface ranged from 19 to 52 percent of the total outflow from the four lakes. Groundwater withdrawals and precipitation were varied from the 2003‒13 mean values used in the calibrated model (30-percent changes in groundwater withdrawals and 5-percent changes in precipitation) for hypothetical scenarios to assess the effects of groundwater withdrawals and precipitation on water budgets and levels in Big Marine Lake, Snail Lake, and White Bear Lake. Simulated lake-water levels and budgets for Snail Lake and White Bear Lake were affected by 30-percent changes in groundwater withdrawals and 5-percent changes in precipitation in the area, whereas the water level in Big Marine Lake was mainly affected by 5-percent precipitation changes. The effects of groundwater withdrawals on the lake-water levels depend on the number of wells and amount of withdrawals from wells near the lakes. Although lake-water levels are sensitive to precipitation changes, increases in groundwater withdrawals during dry periods exacerbate lake-water level declines. The calibrated, groundwater-flow model is a tool that water-resources managers can use to address future water management issues in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water levels and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2002 through 2015 (Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5139)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165139B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metropolitan Council and Minnesota Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Jones, P.M., Roth, J.L., Trost, J.J., Christenson, C.A., Diekoff, A.L., and Erickson, M.L., 2017, Simulation and assessment of groundwater flow and groundwater and surface-water exchanges in lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5139–B, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165139B.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 88 p.; Tables 3 and 8; Data Release","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081793","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345436,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5139/b/sir20165139B.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5139–B"},{"id":345437,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5139/b/sir20165139B_table3.xlsx","text":"Table 3","size":"41.5 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016–5139–B Table 3"},{"id":345438,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5139/b/sir20165139B_table8.pdf","text":"Table 8","size":"197 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5139–B Table 8"},{"id":345435,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5139/b/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345440,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7445JRM","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT model used to simulate and assess the groundwater flow and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Minneapolis, Saint Paul","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 43.79488907226601\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 43.79488907226601\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 46.08085173686784\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 46.08085173686784\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 43.79488907226601\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Minnesota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2280 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, Minnesota 55112
Mountain lions, desert bighorn sheep, mule deer, and a variety of other wildlife live on and pass through the Nevada National Security Site each day. It is a highly restricted area that is free of hunting and has surprisingly pristine areas. This 22-minute program highlights an extraordinary study on how mountain lions interact with their prey. It shows how the scientists use helicopters and classical lion tracking to check on these animals' health, follow their movements, and fit them with GPS collars. Results from this work provide impressive insight into how these animals survive. The video is also available at the following YouTube link: Wildlife on the Nevada National Security Site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip180","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the USGS Southwest Science Center; Nevada National Security Site; Nevada Department of Wildlife; U.S. Department of Energy; and National Security Technologies, LLC","usgsCitation":"Longshore, Kathleen, and Wessells, S.M, Wildlife on the Nevada National Security Site: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 180, video, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip180.","productDescription":"Video file; Transcript; Subtitles","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087863","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345079,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LB-N3WTz2d0","text":"Wildlife on the Nevada National Security Site","linkHelpText":" - From the U.S. Geological Survey YouTube Channel"},{"id":345060,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/180/gip180sm.mp4","text":"Movie MP4 (small)","size":"78 MB","description":"GIP 180"},{"id":345059,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/180/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345068,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/180/gip180lg.mp4","text":"Movie MP4 (large)","size":"697 MB","description":"GIP 180"},{"id":345062,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/180/gip180.transcript.pdf","text":"Transcript","size":"220 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 180"},{"id":345075,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/180/gip180subtitles.srt","text":"Subtitles SRT","size":"31 KB","description":"GIP 180"}],"contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Measurement of crater depths in Ganymede’s dark terrain have revealed substantial numbers of unusually shallow craters indicative of viscous relaxation [see companion paper: Singer, K.N., Schenk, P. M., Bland, M.T., McKinnon, W.B., (2017). Relaxed impact craters on Ganymede: Regional variations and high heat flow. Icarus, submitted]. These viscously relaxed craters provide insight into the thermal history of the dark terrain: the rate of relaxation depends on the size of the crater and the thermal structure of the lithosphere. Here we use finite element simulations of crater relaxation to constrain the heat flux within the dark terrain when relaxation occurred. We show that the degree of viscous relaxation observed cannot be achieved through radiogenic heating alone, even if all of the relaxed craters are ancient and experienced the high radiogenic fluxes present early in the satellite’s history. For craters with diameter ≥ 10 km, heat fluxes of 40–50 mW m-2
The NASA Curiosity rover Mast Camera (Mastcam) system is a pair of fixed-focal length, multispectral, color CCD imagers mounted ~2 m above the surface on the rover's remote sensing mast, along with associated electronics and an onboard calibration target. The left Mastcam (M-34) has a 34 mm focal length, an instantaneous field of view (IFOV) of 0.22 mrad, and a FOV of 20° × 15° over the full 1648 × 1200 pixel span of its Kodak KAI-2020 CCD. The right Mastcam (M-100) has a 100 mm focal length, an IFOV of 0.074 mrad, and a FOV of 6.8° × 5.1° using the same detector. The cameras are separated by 24.2 cm on the mast, allowing stereo images to be obtained at the resolution of the M-34 camera. Each camera has an eight-position filter wheel, enabling it to take Bayer pattern red, green, and blue (RGB) “true color” images, multispectral images in nine additional bands spanning ~400–1100 nm, and images of the Sun in two colors through neutral density-coated filters. An associated Digital Electronics Assembly provides command and data interfaces to the rover, 8 Gb of image storage per camera, 11 bit to 8 bit companding, JPEG compression, and acquisition of high-definition video. Here we describe the preflight and in-flight calibration of Mastcam images, the ways that they are being archived in the NASA Planetary Data System, and the ways that calibration refinements are being developed as the investigation progresses on Mars. We also provide some examples of data sets and analyses that help to validate the accuracy and precision of the calibration.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016EA000219","usgsCitation":"Bell, J., Godber, A., McNair, S., Caplinger, M., Maki, J., Lemmon, M.T., Van Beek, J., Malin, M., Wellington, D., Kinch, K., Madsen, M., Hardgrove, C., Ravine, M., Jensen, E., Harker, D., Anderson, R.B., Herkenhoff, K.E., Morris, R., Cisneros, E., and Deen, R.G., 2017, The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover Mastcam instruments: Preflight and in-flight calibration, validation, and data archiving: Earth and Space Science, v. 4, no. 7, p. 396-452, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016EA000219.","productDescription":"57 p.","startPage":"396","endPage":"452","ipdsId":"IP-079787","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016ea000219","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb798e4b0e9bde1351121","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, James F. 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","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":34032,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godber, A.","contributorId":196199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godber","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34032,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNair, S.","contributorId":196200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNair","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caplinger, M.A.","contributorId":196201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caplinger","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maki, J.N.","contributorId":196202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maki","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27151,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lemmon, M. T.","contributorId":196203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemmon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van Beek, J.","contributorId":196204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Beek","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Malin, M.C.","contributorId":196205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malin","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wellington, D.","contributorId":196206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wellington","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34032,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kinch, K.M.","contributorId":196207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinch","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27198,"text":"Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Madsen, M.B.","contributorId":196208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27198,"text":"Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hardgrove, C.","contributorId":196209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardgrove","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":34032,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ravine, M.A.","contributorId":196210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravine","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jensen, E.","contributorId":196211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Harker, D.","contributorId":196212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harker","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24734,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Anderson, Ryan B. 0000-0003-4465-2871 rbanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-2871","contributorId":170054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Ryan","email":"rbanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":173327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27209,"text":"NASA Johnson Space Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Cisneros, E.","contributorId":196213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cisneros","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34032,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Deen, R. G.","contributorId":196214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":27151,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70190508,"text":"70190508 - 2017 - Effects of an extreme flood on trace elements in river water—From urban stream to major river basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T10:18:34","indexId":"70190508","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of an extreme flood on trace elements in river water—From urban stream to major river basin","docAbstract":"Major floods adversely affect water quality through surface runoff, groundwater discharge, and damage to municipal water infrastructure. Despite their importance, it can be difficult to assess the effects of floods on streamwater chemistry because of challenges collecting samples and the absence of baseline data. This study documents water quality during the September 2013 extreme flood in the South Platte River, Colorado, USA. Weekly time-series water samples were collected from 3 urban source waters (municipal tap water, streamwater, and wastewater treatment facility effluent) under normal-flow and flood conditions. In addition, water samples were collected during the flood at 5 locations along the South Platte River and from 7 tributaries along the Colorado Front Range. Samples were analyzed for 54 major and trace elements. Specific chemical tracers, representing different natural and anthropogenic sources and geochemical behaviors, were used to compare streamwater composition before and during the flood. The results differentiate hydrological processes that affected water quality: (1) in the upper watershed, runoff diluted most dissolved constituents, (2) in the urban corridor and lower watershed, runoff mobilized soluble constituents accumulated on the landscape and contributed to stream loading, and (3) flood-induced groundwater discharge mobilized soluble constituents stored in the vadose zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b01767","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Paschke, S.S., Battaglin, W.A., Douville, C., Fitzgerald, K.C., Keefe, S.H., Roth, D.A., and Vajda, A.M., 2017, Effects of an extreme flood on trace elements in river water—From urban stream to major river basin: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 18, p. 10344-10356, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01767.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"10344","endPage":"10356","ipdsId":"IP-080742","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VCC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Major, trace, and rare earth element concentration measured in water samples collected during the September 2013 Colorado South Platte River flood"},{"id":345459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"South Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79be4b0e9bde1351127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Roth, David A. 0000-0002-7515-3533 daroth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-3533","contributorId":2340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"David","email":"daroth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vajda, Alan M.","contributorId":179189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vajda","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70190507,"text":"70190507 - 2017 - Analyzing land-use change scenarios for trade-offs among culturalecosystem services in the Southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T10:01:02","indexId":"70190507","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1477,"text":"Ecosystem Services","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analyzing land-use change scenarios for trade-offs among culturalecosystem services in the Southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Significant increases in outdoor recreation participants are projected over the next 50 years for national forests\nacross the United States, with even larger increases possible for forests located in the Southern Rocky\nMountains. Forest managers will be challenged to balance increasing demand for outdoor recreation with other\necosystem services. Future management needs could be better anticipated with information describing how and\nwhere stakeholders value these forests’ cultural ecosystem services, as well as how management might impact\nthese values. We analyzed land-use change scenarios to quantify changes in aesthetic and recreational\necosystem service values and assessed trade-offs between these values relative to forest stakeholder groups\ndefined by their attitudes regarding motorized recreation. We adapted the GIS tool, Social Values for Ecosystem\nServices (SolVES), for scenario analysis and applied it to two national forests in the Southern Rocky Mountains\nto examine impacts of road-network expansion on stakeholder values. Our approach allowed us to quantify\nchanges in the spatial distribution and intensity of aesthetic and recreation values. Trade-off assessments\nbetween the two values indicated that areas of conflicting value changes were limited, even when accounting for\ndifferent user groups. However, this approach could be an important means of conflict resolution for multi-use\nmanagement.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.02.003","usgsCitation":"Sherrouse, B.C., Semmens, D.J., Ancona, Z.H., and Brunner, N.M., 2017, Analyzing land-use change scenarios for trade-offs among culturalecosystem services in the Southern Rocky Mountains: Ecosystem Services, v. 26, no. B, p. 431-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.02.003.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"444","ipdsId":"IP-076694","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"B","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79be4b0e9bde1351129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrouse, Benson C. 0000-0002-5102-5895 bcsherrouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-5895","contributorId":2445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrouse","given":"Benson","email":"bcsherrouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ancona, Zachary H. 0000-0001-5430-0218 zancona@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-0218","contributorId":5578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ancona","given":"Zachary","email":"zancona@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brunner, Nicole M. 0000-0001-9657-2860 nbrunner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-2860","contributorId":5323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunner","given":"Nicole","email":"nbrunner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190509,"text":"70190509 - 2017 - East African weathering dynamics controlled by vegetation-climate feedbacks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T13:25:07","indexId":"70190509","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"East African weathering dynamics controlled by vegetation-climate feedbacks","docAbstract":"Tropical weathering has important linkages to global biogeochemistry and landscape evolution in the East African rift. We disentangle the influences of climate and terrestrial vegetation on chemical weathering intensity and erosion at Lake Malawi using a long sediment record. Fossil pollen, microcharcoal, particle size, and mineralogy data affirm that the detrital clays accumulating in deep water within the lake are controlled by feedbacks between climate and hinterland forest composition. Particle-size patterns are also best explained by vegetation, through feedbacks with lake levels, wildfires, and erosion. We develop a new source-to-sink framework that links lacustrine sedimentation to hinterland vegetation in tropical rifts. Our analysis suggests that climate-vegetation interactions and their coupling to weathering/erosion could threaten future food security and has implications for accurately predicting petroleum play elements in continental rift basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G38938.1","usgsCitation":"Ivory, S., McGlue, M.M., Ellis, G.S., Boehlke, A., Lézine, A., Vincens, A., and Cohen, A.S., 2017, East African weathering dynamics controlled by vegetation-climate feedbacks: Geology, v. 45, no. 9, p. 823-826, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38938.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"823","endPage":"826","ipdsId":"IP-072975","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/632127","text":"External Repository"},{"id":345463,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Malawi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 32.947998046875,\n -14.955399325942619\n ],\n [\n 36.046142578125,\n -14.955399325942619\n ],\n [\n 36.046142578125,\n -9.091248585779377\n ],\n [\n 32.947998046875,\n -9.091248585779377\n ],\n [\n 32.947998046875,\n -14.955399325942619\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb79ae4b0e9bde1351125","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivory, Sarah J.","contributorId":138493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivory","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGlue, Michael M. mmcglue@usgs.gov","contributorId":4091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlue","given":"Michael","email":"mmcglue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":709511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam 0000-0003-4980-431X aboehlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":3470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam","email":"aboehlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lézine, Anne-Marie","contributorId":196162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lézine","given":"Anne-Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vincens, Annie","contributorId":138497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincens","given":"Annie","affiliations":[{"id":12427,"text":"CEREGE, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cohen, Andrew S.","contributorId":138496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70210997,"text":"70210997 - 2017 - Ontogenetic and ecological variation in invasion risk of Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-10T13:37:08.871081","indexId":"70210997","displayToPublicDate":"2017-09-04T08:35:19","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ontogenetic and ecological variation in invasion risk of Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam","docAbstract":"Size structure within populations of invasive species may have consequences for relative risk at all stages of the invasion process, with implications for management interventions such as interdiction, suppression, and eradication. To assess relative distributions of invasive Brown Treesnakes among demographic categories of management interest, we undertook the most comprehensive and controlled sampling in >25 years of research into this ecologically and economically destructive introduced predator. We collected a seasonally-balanced sample of 100 snakes from each of 18 sites, stratified by six habitat types, encompassing the species’ entire extralimital range. Samples indicated significant differences in distributions of female and male snakes among management classes (juvenile, transitional, and mature) by site and habitat. We found substantial heterogeneity in localized population characteristics over relatively small geographic distances, only modest influence of habitat type, higher prevalence of reproductively mature snakes in savanna and urban habitats, and an alarmingly high proportion of snakes that are too small to be effectively targeted by current rodent-baited control tools (mean = 38.2%, range = 19 to 72%). Failure to account for such variability in high risk demographic fractions may hinder successful interventions.","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2017.8.4.02","usgsCitation":"Siers, S.R., Savidge, J.A., and Reed, R., 2017, Ontogenetic and ecological variation in invasion risk of Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 8, no. 4, p. 469-483, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.4.02.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"483","ipdsId":"IP-082142","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.4.02","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.635009765625,\n 13.186468107797188\n ],\n [\n 144.986572265625,\n 13.186468107797188\n ],\n [\n 144.986572265625,\n 13.710035342476681\n ],\n [\n 144.635009765625,\n 13.710035342476681\n ],\n [\n 144.635009765625,\n 13.186468107797188\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siers, Shane R.","contributorId":152305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savidge, Julie A.","contributorId":175196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}