In large-scale conservation decisions, scenario planning identifies key uncertainties of ecosystem function linked to ecological drivers affected by management, incorporates ecological feedbacks, and scales up to answer questions robust to alternative futures. Wetland restoration planning requires an understanding of how proposed changes in surface hydrology, water storage, and landscape connectivity affect aquatic animal composition, productivity, and food-web function. In the Florida Everglades, reintroduction of historical hydrologic patterns is expected to increase productivity of all trophic levels. Highly mobile indicator species such as wading birds integrate secondary productivity from aquatic prey (small fishes and crayfish) over the landscape. To evaluate how fish, crayfish, and wading birds may respond to alternative hydrologic restoration plans, we compared predicted small fish density, crayfish density and biomass, and wading bird occurrence for existing conditions to four restoration scenarios that varied water storage and removal of levees and canals (i.e. decompartmentalization). Densities of small fish and occurrence of wading birds are predicted to increase throughout most of the Everglades under all restoration options because of increased flows and connectivity. Full decompartmentalization goes furthest toward recreating hypothesized historical patterns of fish density by draining excess water ponded by levees and hydrating areas that are currently drier than in the past. In contrast, crayfish density declined and species composition shifted under all restoration options because of lengthened hydroperiods (i.e. time of inundation). Under full decompartmentalization, the distribution of increased prey available for wading birds shifted south, closer to historical locations of nesting activity in Everglades National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12518","usgsCitation":"Beerens, J.M., Trexler, J.C., and Catano, C.P., 2017, Predicting wading bird and aquatic faunal responses to ecosystem restoration scenarios: Restoration Ecology, v. 25, no. S1, p. S86-S98, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12518.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"S86","endPage":"S98","ipdsId":"IP-070475","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/rec.12518/abstract","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"S1","publicComments":"Special Issue: Synthesis of Everglades research and ecosystem services (SERES) project","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fc8e4b0a7fdb43ddeec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X jbeerens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":143722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beerens","given":"James","email":"jbeerens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trexler, Joel C.","contributorId":36267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trexler","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catano, Christopher P.","contributorId":138935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Catano","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187745,"text":"70187745 - 2017 - Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T15:32:39","indexId":"70187745","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California","docAbstract":"Declines in bird populations in agricultural regions of North America and Europe have been attributed to agricultural industrialization, increases in use of agrochemical application, and increased predation related to habitat modification. Based on count data compiled from Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) from 1974 to 2012, Christmas Bird Count (CBC) collected from 1914 to 2013, and hunter data from Annual Game Take Survey (AGTS) for years 1948–2010, ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in California have experienced substantial declines in agricultural environments. Using a modeling approach that integrates all three forms of survey data into a joint response abundance index, we found pheasant abundance was related to the amount of harvested and unharvested crop land, types of crops produced, amount of total pesticide applied, minimum temperature, precipitation, and numbers of avian competitors and predators. Specifically, major changes in agricultural practices over the last three decades were associated with declines in pheasant numbers and likely reflected widespread loss of habitat. For example, increases in cropland were associated with increased pheasant abundance during early years of study but this effect decreased through time, such that no association in recent years was evidenced. A post hoc analysis revealed that crops beneficial to pheasant abundance (e.g., barley) have declined substantially in recent decades and were replaced by less advantageous crops (e.g., nut trees). An additional analysis using a restricted data set (1990–2013) indicated recent negative impacts on pheasant numbers associated with land use practices were also associated with relatively high levels of pesticide application. Our results may provide valuable information for management policies aimed at reducing widespread declines in pheasant populations in California and may be applicable to other avian species within agricultural settings. Furthermore, this general analytical approach is not limited to pheasants and could be applied to other taxa for which multiple survey data sources exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2675","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Brussee, B.E., Howe, K., Fleskes, J., Dwight, I., Connelly, D.P., Meshriy, M., and Gardner, S.C., 2017, Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 8, p. 2546-2559, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2675.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2546","endPage":"2559","ipdsId":"IP-075891","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2675","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connelly, Daniel P.","contributorId":192079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meshriy, Matt G.","contributorId":192080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meshriy","given":"Matt G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gardner, Scott C.","contributorId":192081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70187710,"text":"70187710 - 2017 - Habitat degradation affects the summer activity of polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:18:43","indexId":"70187710","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat degradation affects the summer activity of polar bears","docAbstract":"Understanding behavioral responses of species to environmental change is critical to forecasting population-level effects. Although climate change is significantly impacting species’ distributions, few studies have examined associated changes in behavior. Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) subpopulations have varied in their near-term responses to sea ice decline. We examined behavioral responses of two adjacent subpopulations to changes in habitat availability during the annual sea ice minimum using activity data. Location and activity sensor data collected from 1989 to 2014 for 202 adult female polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea (SB) and Chukchi Sea (CS) subpopulations were used to compare activity in three habitat types varying in prey availability: (1) land; (2) ice over shallow, biologically productive waters; and (3) ice over deeper, less productive waters. Bears varied activity across and within habitats with the highest activity at 50–75% sea ice concentration over shallow waters. On land, SB bears exhibited variable but relatively high activity associated with the use of subsistence-harvested bowhead whale carcasses, whereas CS bears exhibited low activity consistent with minimal feeding. Both subpopulations had fewer observations in their preferred shallow-water sea ice habitats in recent years, corresponding with declines in availability of this substrate. The substantially higher use of marginal habitats by SB bears is an additional mechanism potentially explaining why this subpopulation has experienced negative effects of sea ice loss compared to the still-productive CS subpopulation. Variability in activity among, and within, habitats suggests that bears alter their behavior in response to habitat conditions, presumably in an attempt to balance prey availability with energy costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-017-3839-y","usgsCitation":"Ware, J.V., Rode, K.D., Bromaghin, J.F., Douglas, D.C., Wilson, R.H., Regehr, E.V., Amstrup, S.C., Durner, G.M., Pagano, A.M., Olson, J., Robbins, C.T., and Jansen, H.T., 2017, Habitat degradation affects the summer activity of polar bears: Oecologia, v. 184, no. 1, p. 87-99, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3839-y.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"99","ipdsId":"IP-073535","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7B27SCH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Summer Activity Sensor Data from Collars Deployed on Female Polar Bears in the Chukchi Sea 1989 to 1995 and Southern Beaufort Sea 1989 to 2014"},{"id":341342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea, Southern Beaufort Sea","volume":"184","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fc8e4b0a7fdb43ddeea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ware, Jasmine V.","contributorId":192039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ware","given":"Jasmine","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Ryan H. 0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pagano, Anthony M. 0000-0003-2176-0909 apagano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-0909","contributorId":3884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Anthony","email":"apagano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Olson, Jay","contributorId":150116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Robbins, Charles T.","contributorId":124585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5127,"text":"Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Jansen, Heiko T","contributorId":192040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansen","given":"Heiko","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70188419,"text":"70188419 - 2017 - Local and cross-seasonal associations of climate and land use with abundance of monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-08T16:02:47","indexId":"70188419","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local and cross-seasonal associations of climate and land use with abundance of monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus","docAbstract":"Quantifying how climate and land use factors drive population dynamics at regional scales is complex because it depends on the extent of spatial and temporal synchrony among local populations, and the integration of population processes throughout a species’ annual cycle. We modeled weekly, site-specific summer abundance (1994–2013) of monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus at sites across Illinois, USA to assess relative associations of monarch abundance with climate and land use variables during the winter, spring, and summer stages of their annual cycle. We developed negative binomial regression models to estimate monarch abundance during recruitment in Illinois as a function of local climate, site-specific crop cover, and county-level herbicide (glyphosate) application. We also incorporated cross-seasonal covariates, including annual abundance of wintering monarchs in Mexico and climate conditions during spring migration and breeding in Texas, USA. We provide the first empirical evidence of a negative association between county-level glyphosate application and local abundance of adult monarchs, particularly in areas of concentrated agriculture. However, this association was only evident during the initial years of the adoption of herbicide-resistant crops (1994–2003). We also found that wetter and, to a lesser degree, cooler springs in Texas were associated with higher summer abundances in Illinois, as were relatively cool local summer temperatures in Illinois. Site-specific abundance of monarchs averaged approximately one fewer per site from 2004–2013 than during the previous decade, suggesting a recent decline in local abundance of monarch butterflies on their summer breeding grounds in Illinois. Our results demonstrate that seasonal climate and land use are associated with trends in adult monarch abundance, and our approach highlights the value of considering fine-resolution temporal fluctuations in population-level responses to environmental conditions when inferring the dynamics of migratory species.","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Society Oikos","doi":"10.1111/ecog.02719","usgsCitation":"Saunders, S.P., Ries, L., Oberhasuer, K.S., Thogmartin, W.E., and Zipkin, E.F., 2017, Local and cross-seasonal associations of climate and land use with abundance of monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus: Ecography, v. 40, p. 001-012, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.02719.","startPage":"001","endPage":"012","ipdsId":"IP-076484","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.02719","text":"Publisher 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0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise F. 0000-0003-4155-6139","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4155-6139","contributorId":192755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188554,"text":"70188554 - 2017 - Arsenic and mercury contamination related to historical goldmining in the Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T16:05:05","indexId":"70188554","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic and mercury contamination related to historical goldmining in the Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring constituent in low-sulphide gold-quartz vein deposits, the dominant deposit type for lode mines in the Sierra Nevada Foothills (SNFH) gold (Au) province of California. Concentrations of naturally occurring mercury (Hg) in the SNFH Au province are low, but extensive use and loss of elemental Hg during amalgamation processing of ore from lode and placer Au deposits led to widespread contamination of Hg in the Sierra Nevada foothills and downstream areas, such as the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. This review paper provides an overview of As and Hg contamination related to historical Au mining in the Sierra Nevada of California. It summarizes the geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of the Au deposits, and provides information on specific areas where detailed studies have been done in association with past, ongoing, and planned remediation activities related to the environmental As and Hg contamination.
Arsenic is a naturally occurring constituent in low-sulphide Au-quartz vein deposits, the dominant deposit type for lode mines in the Sierra Nevada Foothills (SNFH) Au province (Ashley 2002). Because of elevated concentrations of As in accessory iron-sulphide minerals including arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and arsenian pyrite (Fe(S,As)2), As is commonly a contaminant of concern in lode Au mine waste, including waste rock and mill tailings. The principal pathways of human As exposure from mine waste include ingestion of soil or drinking water, and inhalation of dust in contaminated areas (Mitchell 2014).
Concentrations of naturally occurring Hg in the SNFH Au province are low, but extensive use and loss of elemental Hg during amalgamation processing of ore from lode and placer Au deposits (Churchill 2000) led to widespread contamination of Hg in the Sierra Nevada foothills and downstream areas, such as the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay (Alpers et al. 2005a). Conversion of Hg to monomethylmercury (MeHg) by sulphate-reducing and iron-reducing microbes facilitates its bioaccumulation (Wiener et al. 2003). The human Hg exposure pathway of main concern is ingestion of MeHg from sport (non-commercial) fish, especially higher trophic levels such as bass species (Davis et al. 2008). Wildlife exposure to MeHg is also a concern because of chronic and reproductive effects, for example in fish-eating and invertebrate-foraging birds (e.g. Wiener et al. 2003; Eagles-Smith et al. 2009; Ackerman et al. 2016).
Serological data are one of the primary sources of information for disease monitoring in wildlife. However, the duration of the seropositive status of exposed individuals is almost always unknown for many free-ranging host species. Directly estimating rates of antibody loss typically requires difficult longitudinal sampling of individuals following seroconversion. Instead, we propose a Bayesian statistical approach linking age and serological data to a mechanistic epidemiological model to infer brucellosis infection, the probability of antibody loss, and recovery rates of elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We found that seroprevalence declined above the age of ten, with no evidence of disease-induced mortality. The probability of antibody loss was estimated to be 0.70 per year after a five-year period of seropositivity and the basic reproduction number for brucellosis to 2.13. Our results suggest that individuals are unlikely to become re-infected because models with this mechanism were unable to reproduce a significant decline in seroprevalence in older individuals. This study highlights the possible implications of antibody loss, which could bias our estimation of critical epidemiological parameters for wildlife disease management based on serological data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z","usgsCitation":"Benavides, J., Caillaud, D., Scurlock, B.M., Maichak, E.J., Edwards, W., and Cross, P.C., 2017, Estimating loss of Brucella abortus antibodies from age-specific serological data in elk: EcoHealth, v. 14, no. 2, p. 234-243, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"243","ipdsId":"IP-058311","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fc7e4b0a7fdb43ddee6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benavides, J. A.","contributorId":192067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benavides","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caillaud, D.","contributorId":192068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caillaud","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurlock, B. M.","contributorId":192069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maichak, E. J.","contributorId":192070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maichak","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, W.H.","contributorId":192071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70209864,"text":"70209864 - 2017 - Upper thermal limits of growth in brook trout and their relationship to stress physiology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T11:50:27.035317","indexId":"70209864","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T11:28:44","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper thermal limits of growth in brook trout and their relationship to stress physiology","docAbstract":"Despite the threat of climate change, the physiological mechanisms responsible for reduced performance at high temperatures remain unclear for most species. Elevated but sublethal temperatures may act via endocrine and cellular stress responses to limit performance in important life-history traits such as growth. Here, brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) subjected to chronically elevated or daily oscillating temperatures were monitored for growth and physiological stress responses. Growth rate decreased at temperatures above 16°C and was negative at 24°C, with an estimated upper limit for positive growth of 23.4°C. Plasma cortisol increased with temperature and was 12- and 18-fold higher at 22 and 24°C, respectively, than at 16°C, whereas plasma glucose was unaffected by temperature. Abundance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the gill increased with temperature and was 11- and 56-fold higher at 22°C and 24°C, respectively, than at 16°C. There was no relationship between temperature and plasma Cl−, but there was a 53% and 80% decrease in gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity and abundance at 24°C in comparison with 16°C. Daily temperature oscillations of 4°C or 8°C (19–23°C or 17–25°C) were compared with 21°C controls. Growth rate decreased with temperature and was 43% and 35% lower by length and mass, respectively, in the 8°C daily oscillation treatment than in the controls. There was no effect of temperature oscillation on plasma cortisol or glucose levels. In contrast, gill HSP70 abundance increased with increasing daily oscillation and was 40- and 700-fold greater at 4°C and 8°C daily oscillation, respectively, than in the constant temperature controls. In individuals exposed to 17–25°C diel oscillations for 4 days and then allowed to recover at 21°C, gill HSP70 abundance was still elevated after 4 days recovery, but not after 10 days. Our results demonstrate that elevated temperatures induce cellular and endocrine stress responses and provide a possible mechanism by which growth is limited at elevated temperatures. Temperature limitations on growth may play a role in driving brook trout distributions in the wild.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Company of Biologists","doi":"10.1242/jeb.161224","usgsCitation":"Chadwick, J.G., and McCormick, S.D., 2017, Upper thermal limits of growth in brook trout and their relationship to stress physiology: Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 220, p. 3976-3987, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.161224.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3976","endPage":"3987","ipdsId":"IP-086037","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"220","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chadwick, Joseph G","contributorId":146738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chadwick","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187134,"text":"sir20175023 - 2017 - U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group Proceedings, San Antonio, Texas, May 16–18, 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T13:23:23.159237","indexId":"sir20175023","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5023","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group Proceedings, San Antonio, Texas, May 16–18, 2017","docAbstract":"Karst aquifer systems are present throughout parts of the United States and some of its territories, and have developed in carbonate rocks (primarily limestone and dolomite) and evaporites (gypsum, anhydrite, and halite) that span an interval of time encompassing more than 550 million years. The depositional environments, diagenetic processes, post-depositional tectonic events, and geochemical weathering processes that form karst aquifers are varied and complex. These factors involve biological, chemical, and physical changes that when combined with the diverse climatic regimes in which karst development has taken place, result in the unique dual- or triple-porosity nature of karst aquifers. These complex hydrogeologic systems typically represent challenging and unique conditions to scientists attempting to study groundwater flow and contaminant transport in these terrains.
The dissolution of carbonate rocks and the subsequent development of distinct and beautiful landscapes, caverns, and springs have resulted in the most exceptional karst areas being designated as national or state parks. Tens of thousands of similar areas in the United States have been developed into commercial caverns and known privately owned caves. Both public and private properties provide access for scientists to study the flow of groundwater in situ. Likewise, the range and complexity of landforms and groundwater flow systems associated with karst terrains are enormous, perhaps more than for any other aquifer type. Karst aquifers and landscapes that form in tropical areas, such as the cockpit karst along the north coast of Puerto Rico, differ greatly from karst landforms in more arid climates, such as the Edwards Plateau in west-central Texas or the Guadalupe Mountains near Carlsbad, New Mexico, where hypogenic processes have played a major role in speleogenesis. Many of these public and private lands also contain unique flora and fauna associated with these karst hydrogeologic systems. As a result, numerous federal, state, and local agencies have a strong interest in the study of karst terrains.
Many of the major springs and aquifers in the United States have developed in carbonate rocks, such as the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and parts of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina; the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system in parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma; and the Edwards-Trinity aquifer system in west-central Texas. These aquifers, and the springs that discharge from them, serve as major water-supply sources and form unique ecological habitats. Competition for the water resources of karst aquifers is common, and urban development and the lack of attenuation of contaminants in karst areas due to dissolution features that form direct pathways into karst aquifers can impact the ecosystem and water quality associated with these aquifers.
The concept for developing a platform for interaction among scientists within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) working on karst-related studies evolved from the November 1999 National Groundwater Meeting of the USGS. As a result, the Karst Interest Group (KIG) was formed in 2000. The KIG is a loose-knit, grass-roots organization of USGS and non-USGS scientists and researchers devoted to fostering better communication among scientists working on, or interested in, karst science. The primary mission of the KIG is to encourage and support interdisciplinary collaboration and technology transfer among scientists working in karst areas. Additionally, the KIG encourages collaborative studies between the different mission areas of the USGS as well as with other federal and state agencies, and with researchers from academia and institutes.
To accomplish its mission, the KIG has organized a series of workshops that have been held near nationally important karst areas. To date (2017) seven KIG workshops, including the workshop documented in this report, have been held. The workshops typically include oral and poster sessions on selected karst-related topics and research, as well as field trips to local karst areas. To increase non-USGS participation an effort was made for the workshops to be held at a university or institute beginning with the fourth workshop. Proceedings of the workshops are published by the USGS and are available online at the USGS publications warehouse https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/ by using the search term “karst interest group.”
The first KIG workshop was held in St. Petersburg, Florida, in 2001, in the vicinity of the large springs and other karst features of the Floridan aquifer system. The second KIG workshop was held in 2002, in Shepherdstown, West Virginia, in proximity to the carbonate aquifers of the northern Shenandoah Valley, and highlighted an invited presentation on karst literature by the late Barry F. Beck of P.E. LaMoreaux and Associates. The third KIG workshop was held in 2005, in Rapid City, South Dakota, near evaporite karst features in limestones of the Madison Group in the Black Hills of South Dakota. The Rapid City KIG workshop included field trips to Wind Cave National Park and Jewel Cave National Monument, and featured a presentation by Thomas Casadevall, then USGS Central Region Director, on the status of Earth science at the USGS.
The fourth KIG workshop in 2008 was hosted by the Hoffman Environmental Research Institute and Center for Cave and Karst Studies at Western Kentucky University in Bowling Green, Kentucky, near Mammoth Cave National Park and karst features of the Chester Upland and Pennyroyal Plateau. The workshop featured a late-night field trip into Mammoth Cave led by Rickard Toomey and Rick Olsen, National Park Service. The fifth KIG workshop in 2011 was a joint meeting of the USGS KIG and University of Arkansas HydroDays, hosted by the Department of Geosciences at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville. The workshop featured an outstanding field trip to the unique karst terrain along the Buffalo National River in the southern Ozarks, and a keynote presentation on paleokarst in the United States was delivered by Art and Peggy Palmer. The sixth KIG workshop was hosted by the National Cave and Karst Research Institute (NCKRI) in 2014, in Carlsbad, New Mexico. George Veni, Director of the NCKRI, served as a co-chair of the workshop with Eve Kuniansky of the USGS. The workshop featured speaker Dr. Penelope Boston, Director of Cave and Karst Studies at New Mexico Tech, Socorro, and Academic Director at the NCKRI, who addressed the future of karst research. The field trip on evaporite karst of the lower Pecos Valley was led by Lewis Land (NCKRI karst hydrologist), and the field trip on the geology of Carlsbad Caverns National Park was led by George Veni.
This current seventh KIG workshop is being held in San Antonio at the University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA). This 2017 workshop is being hosted by the Department of Geological Sciences’ Student Geological Society (SGS), and student chapters of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) and Association of Engineering Geologists (AEG), with support by the UTSA Department of Geological Sciences and Center for Water Research. The UTSA student chapter presidents, Jose Silvestre (SGS), John Cooper (AAPG), and Tyler Mead (AEG) serve as co-chairs of the 2017 workshop with Eve Kuniansky of the USGS. The technical session committee is chaired by Eve Kuniansky, USGS, and includes Michael Bradley, Tom Byl, Rebecca Lambert, John Lane, and James Kaufmann, all USGS, and Patrick Tucci, retired USGS. The logistics committee includes Amy Clark, Yongli Gao, and Lance Lambert (Department Chair), UTSA Department of Geological Sciences; and Ryan Banta and Allan Clark, USGS, San Antonio, Texas. The field trip committee is chaired by Allan Clark and includes Amy Clark, Yongli Gao, and Keith Muehlestein, UTSA; Marcus Gary, Edwards Aquifer Authority and University of Texas at Austin; Ron Green, Southwest Research Institute; Geary Schindel, Edwards Aquifer Authority; and George Veni, NCKRI. Additionally, two organizations have assisted the UTSA student chapters in hosting the meeting by donating funds to the chapters: the Edwards Aquifer Authority, San Antonio, Texas, and the Barton Springs Edwards Aquifer Authority, Austin, Texas. Additionally, Yongli Gao, Center for Water Research and Department of Geological Sciences, UTSA, helped develop sessions on cave and karst research in China for this workshop. These proceedings could not have been accomplished without the assistance of Lawrence E. Spangler as co-editor who not only has subject matter expertise, but also serves as an editor with the USGS Science Publishing Network. We sincerely hope that this workshop continues to promote future collaboration among scientists of varied and diverse backgrounds, and improves our understanding of karst aquifer systems in the United States and its territories.
The extended abstracts of USGS authors were peer reviewed and approved for publication by the USGS. Articles submitted by university researchers and other federal and state agencies did not go through the formal USGS peer review and approval process, and therefore may not adhere to USGS editorial standards or stratigraphic nomenclature. However, all articles had a minimum of two peer reviews and were edited for consistency of appearance in the proceedings. The use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The USGS Water Availability and Use Science Program funded the publication costs of the proceedings.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Texas at San Antonio and hosted by the Student Geological Society and student chapters of the Association of Petroleum Geologists and the Association of Engineering Geologists","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E.L., and Spangler, L.E., eds., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group Proceedings, San Antonio, Texas, May 16–18, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5023, 245 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175023.","productDescription":"iv, 245 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-080449","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340331,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5023/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":340332,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5023/sir20175023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.57 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5023"},{"id":438341,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DZ06H6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Rease for \"Isotopic constraints on middle Pleistocene cave evolution, paleohydrologic flow, and environmental conditions from Fitton Cave speleothems, Buffalo National River, Arkansas\""}],"contact":"Water Mission Area
U.S. Geological Survey
1770 Corporate Drive
Suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/karst/index
The 1981–2014 climatology and variability of the March–May eastern Horn of Africa boreal spring wet season are examined using precipitation, upper- and lower-level winds, low-level specific humidity, and convective available potential energy (CAPE), with the aim of better understanding the establishment of the wet season and the cause of the recent observed decline. At 850 mb, the development of the wet season is characterized by increasing specific humidity and winds that veer from northeasterly in February to southerly in June and advect moisture into the region, in agreement with an earlier study. Equally important, however, is a substantial weakening of the 200-mb climatological easterly winds in March. Likewise, the shutdown of the wet season coincides with the return of strong easterly winds in June. Similar changes are seen in the daily evolution of specific humidity and 200-mb wind when composited relative to the interannual wet season onset and end, with the easterlies decreasing (increasing) several days prior to the start (end) of the wet season. The 1981–2014 decrease in March–May precipitation has also coincided with an increase in 200-mb easterly winds, with no attendant change in specific humidity, leading to the conclusion that, while high values of specific humidity are an important ingredient of the wet season, the recent observed precipitation decline has resulted mostly from a strengthening of the 200-mb easterlies. This change in the easterly winds appears to be related to an increase in convection over the Indonesian region and in the associated outflow from that enhanced heat source.
Despite calls for improved responses to emerging infectious diseases in wildlife, management is seldom considered until a disease has been detected in affected populations. Reactive approaches may limit the potential for control and increase total response costs. An alternative, proactive management framework can identify immediate actions that reduce future impacts even before a disease is detected, and plan subsequent actions that are conditional on disease emergence. We identify four main obstacles to developing proactive management strategies for the newly discovered salamander pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal). Given that uncertainty is a hallmark of wildlife disease management and that associated decisions are often complicated by multiple competing objectives, we advocate using decision analysis to create and evaluate trade-offs between proactive (pre-emergence) and reactive (post-emergence) management options. Policy makers and natural resource agency personnel can apply principles from decision analysis to improve strategies for countering emerging infectious diseases.
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The Clean Coast Program in Israel has had some success in keeping most of the coasts clean most of the time, but without understanding the mechanisms of accumulation of marine debris on the coasts of Israel. In 2012, we initiated a study to characterize the types of marine debris, its origins and spatial distribution. Nineteen surveys were done from June 2012 to March 2015 on eight beaches that spanned the coast of Israel. Average debris density was 12.1 items per 100 m2 and 90% of the items were plastic. The top debris categories were food wrappers and disposables, plastic bags and cigarette butts. However, there was variation in the top debris categories among the beaches indicating that a flexible approach with multiple options will be important when addressing the marine debris problem.
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Assigning behaviors to accelerometer data often involves the use of captive animals or surrogate species, as their accelerometer signatures are generally assumed to be similar to those of their wild counterparts. However, this has rarely been tested. Validated accelerometer data are needed for polar bears Ursus maritimus to understand how habitat conditions may influence behavior and energy demands. We used accelerometer and water conductivity data to remotely distinguish 10 polar bear behaviors. We calibrated accelerometer and conductivity data collected from collars with behaviors observed from video-recorded captive polar bears and brown bears U. arctos, and with video from camera collars deployed on free-ranging polar bears on sea ice and on land. We used random forest models to predict behaviors and found strong ability to discriminate the most common wild polar bear behaviors using a combination of accelerometer and conductivity sensor data from captive or wild polar bears. In contrast, models using data from captive brown bears failed to reliably distinguish most active behaviors in wild polar bears. Our ability to discriminate behavior was greatest when species- and habitat-specific data from wild individuals were used to train models. Data from captive individuals may be suitable for calibrating accelerometers, but may provide reduced ability to discriminate some behaviors. The accelerometer calibrations developed here provide a method to quantify polar bear behaviors to evaluate the impacts of declines in Arctic sea ice.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00779","usgsCitation":"Pagano, A.M., Rode, K.D., Cutting, A., Owen, M., Jensen, S., Ware, J., Robbins, C., Durner, G.M., Atwood, T.C., Obbard, M., Middel, K., Thiemann, G., and Williams, T., 2017, Using tri-axial accelerometers to identify wild polar bear behaviors: Endangered Species Research, v. 32, p. 19-33, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00779.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-075328","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00779","text":"Publisher Index 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Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology 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G.W.","contributorId":192051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiemann","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[{"id":27291,"text":"York University, Toronto, ON","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, T.M.","contributorId":192052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70187690,"text":"70187690 - 2017 - Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T10:05:54","indexId":"70187690","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5397,"text":"Geoderma Regional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States","docAbstract":"The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the unsaturated zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace inorganic-C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Plateaus of northwestern Arkansas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and isotopic composition (δ13C-CO2) in gas and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration and isotopic composition (δ13C-DIC) in water were measured in samples collected from two suction-cup soil samplers above the cave, three sites in the cave, and at the spring outlet of the cave stream. Soil-gas CO2 concentration (median 2,578 ppm) and δ13C-CO2 (median − 21.5‰) were seasonally variable, reflecting the effects of surface temperature changes on soil-CO2 production via respiration and organic-matter decomposition. Cave-air CO2 (median 1,026 ppm) was sourced from the soil zone and the surface atmosphere, with seasonally changing proportions of each source controlled by surface temperature-driven air density gradients. Soil-DIC concentration (median 1.7 mg L− 1) was lower and soil-δ13C-DIC (median − 19.5‰) was lighter compared to the cave (median 23.3 mg L− 1 and − 14.3‰, respectively) because carbonate-bedrock dissolution provided an inorganic source of C to the cave. Carbon species in the soil had a unique, light stable-C isotopic signature compared to the cave. Discrimination of soil-C sources to karst groundwater was achieved, which is critical for developing hydrologic budgets using environmental tracers such as C.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2017.05.004","usgsCitation":"Knierim, K.J., Pollock, E.D., Covington, M.D., Hays, P.D., and Brye, K.R., 2017, Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States: Geoderma Regional, v. 10, p. 64-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2017.05.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"76","ipdsId":"IP-066344","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2017.05.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7610XJ5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Carbonate geochemistry dataset of the soil and an underlying cave in the Ozark Plateaus, central United States"},{"id":341306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe34e4b0a7fdb43c8beb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knierim, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5361-4132 kknierim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-4132","contributorId":191788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knierim","given":"Katherine","email":"kknierim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, Erik D.","contributorId":192014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Covington, Matthew D.","contributorId":192015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Covington","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hays, Phillip D. 0000-0001-5491-9272 pdhays@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-9272","contributorId":4145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Phillip","email":"pdhays@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brye, Kristofor R.","contributorId":192016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brye","given":"Kristofor","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188569,"text":"70188569 - 2017 - Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T12:00:47","indexId":"70188569","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA","docAbstract":"Climate and land-use interactions are likely to affect future environmental and socioeconomic conditions in drylands, which tend to be limited by water resources and prone to land degradation. We characterized the potential for interactions between land-use types and land-use and climate change in a model dryland system, the Colorado Plateau, a region with a history of climatic variability and land-use change. We analyzed the spatial and temporal trends in aridification, land-use, and recreation at the county and 10 km2 grid scales. Our results show that oil and gas development and recreation may interact due to increasing trends and overlapping areas of high intensity. Projections suggest that aridification will impact all vegetation classes, with some of the highest proportional change in the south-east. The results suggest that the rate of change and spatial pattern of land-use in the future may differ from past patterns in land-use scale and intensity.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1823","usgsCitation":"Copeland, S.M., Bradford, J.B., Duniway, M.C., and Schuster, R., 2017, Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 5, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1823.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-073626","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469850,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1823","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72J6B1M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Potential Land-use Intensity, Aridification Trends, Overlap, and Impact Scenarios, Geospatial Data, Colorado Plateau, USA"},{"id":342569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -105.31494140625,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -105.31494140625,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c94e4b062508e31a9a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Copeland, Stella M. 0000-0001-6707-4803 scopeland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-4803","contributorId":169538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Stella","email":"scopeland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":698386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187707,"text":"70187707 - 2017 - Comparative cophylogenetics of Australian phabine pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) and their feather lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-15T14:03:36","indexId":"70187707","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2024,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative cophylogenetics of Australian phabine pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) and their feather lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera)","docAbstract":"Host–parasite coevolutionary histories can differ among multiple groups of parasites associated with the same group of hosts. For example, parasitic wing and body lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of New World pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) differ in their cophylogenetic patterns, with body lice exhibiting higher phylogenetic congruence with their hosts than wing lice. In this study, we focus on the wing and body lice of Australian phabine pigeons and doves to determine whether the patterns in New World pigeons and doves are consistent with those of pigeons and doves from other regions. Using molecular sequence data for most phabine species and their lice, we estimated phylogenetic trees for all three groups (pigeons and doves, wing lice and body lice), and compared the phabine (host) tree with both parasite trees using multiple cophylogenetic methods. We found a pattern opposite to that found for New World pigeons and doves, with Australian wing lice showing congruence with their hosts, and body lice exhibiting a lack of congruence. There are no documented records of hippoboscid flies associated with Australian phabines, thus these lice may lack the opportunity to disperse among host species by attaching to hippoboscid flies (phoresis), which could explain these patterns. However, additional sampling for flies is needed to confirm this hypothesis. Large differences in body size among phabine pigeons and doves may also help to explain the congruence of the wing lice with their hosts. It may be more difficult for wing lice than body lice to switch among hosts that vary more dramatically in size. The results from this study highlight how host–parasite coevolutionary histories can vary by region, and how local factors can shape the relationship.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.12.003","usgsCitation":"Sweet, A.D., Chesser, R., and Johnson, K.P., 2017, Comparative cophylogenetics of Australian phabine pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) and their feather lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera): International Journal for Parasitology, v. 47, no. 6, p. 347-356, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.12.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"356","ipdsId":"IP-081853","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.12.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe33e4b0a7fdb43c8be7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweet, Andrew D.","contributorId":192032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweet","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chesser, R. Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R. Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Kevin P.","contributorId":192033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194620,"text":"70194620 - 2017 - Variation in δ15N and δ13C values of forages for Arctic caribou: Effects of location, phenology and simulated digestion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T10:35:35","indexId":"70194620","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Variation in δ15N and δ13C values of forages for Arctic caribou: Effects of location, phenology and simulated digestion","title":"Variation in δ15N and δ13C values of forages for Arctic caribou: Effects of location, phenology and simulated digestion","docAbstract":"Rationale
The use of stable isotopes for dietary estimates of wildlife assumes that there are consistent differences in isotopic ratios among diet items, and that the differences in these ratios between the diet item and the animal tissues (i.e., fractionation) are predictable. However, variation in isotopic ratios and fractionation of δ13C and δ15N values among locations, seasons, and forages are poorly described for arctic herbivores especially migratory species such as caribou (Rangifer tarandus).
Methods
We measured the δ13C and δ15N values of seven species of forage growing along a 200-km transect through the range of the Central Arctic caribou herd on the North Slope of Alaska over 2 years. We compared forages available at the beginning (May; n = 175) and the end (n = 157) of the growing season (September). Purified enzymes were used to measure N digestibility and to assess isotopic fractionation in response to nutrient digestibility during simulated digestion.
Results
Values for δ13C declined by 1.38 ‰ with increasing latitude across the transect, and increased by 0.44 ‰ from the beginning to the end of the season. The range of values for δ15N was greater than that for δ13C (13.29 vs 5.60 ‰). Differences in values for δ13C between graminoids (Eriophorum and Carex spp.) and shrubs (Betula and Salix spp.) were small but δ15N values distinguished graminoids (1.87 ± 1.02 ‰) from shrubs (−2.87 ± 2.93 ‰) consistently across season and latitude. However, undigested residues of forages were enriched in 15N when the digestibility of N was less than 0.67.
Conclusions
Although δ15N values can distinguish plant groups in the diet of arctic herbivores, variation in the digestibility of dietary items may need to be considered in applying fractionation values for 15N to caribou and other herbivores that select highly digestible items (e.g. forbs) as well as heavily defended plants (e.g. woody browse).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rcm.7849","usgsCitation":"Vansomeren, L.L., Barboza, P.S., Gustine, D.D., and Bret-Harte, M., 2017, Variation in δ15N and δ13C values of forages for Arctic caribou: Effects of location, phenology and simulated digestion: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v. 31, no. 9, p. 813-820, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7849.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"813","endPage":"820","ipdsId":"IP-065040","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 69.61120561869633\n ],\n [\n -143.701171875,\n 70.31873847853124\n ],\n [\n -148.6669921875,\n 70.55417853776078\n ],\n [\n -151.5234375,\n 70.94535555009823\n ],\n [\n -156.796875,\n 71.48308562053703\n ],\n [\n -159.7412109375,\n 70.94535555009823\n ],\n [\n -162.421875,\n 70.34831755984779\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 69.25614923150721\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 69.08425705053145\n ],\n [\n -166.728515625,\n 68.38299634059615\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 68.2042121888185\n ],\n [\n -162.68554687499997,\n 68.35059429645612\n ],\n [\n -153.369140625,\n 68.39918004344189\n ],\n [\n -146.9970703125,\n 69.30279408245205\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 69.61120561869633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fbc9e4b06e28e9c23672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vansomeren, Lindsey L.","contributorId":167723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vansomeren","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24816,"text":"Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":724650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barboza, Perry S.","contributorId":36454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barboza","given":"Perry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":724651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia","contributorId":201219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bret-Harte","given":"M. Syndonia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187124,"text":"ds1049 - 2017 - Coastal bathymetry data collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York—Wilderness breach and shoreface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T13:40:45","indexId":"ds1049","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1049","title":"Coastal bathymetry data collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York—Wilderness breach and shoreface","docAbstract":"Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center in St. Petersburg, Florida, conducted a bathymetric survey of Fire Island from May 6-20, 2015. The USGS is involved in a post-Hurricane Sandy effort to map and monitor the morphologic evolution of the wilderness breach as a part of the Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. During this study, bathymetry data were collected with single-beam echo sounders and Global Positioning Systems, which were mounted to personal watercraft, along the Fire Island shoreface and within the wilderness breach. Additional bathymetry and elevation data were collected using backpack Global Positioning Systems on flood shoals and in shallow channels within the wilderness breach.
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This map product contains a set of three 1:18,000-scale maps showing the geology and structure of study areas in the western Candor Chasma region of Valles Marineris, Mars. These maps are part of an informal series of large-scale maps and map-based topical studies aimed at refining current understanding of the geologic history of western Candor Chasma. The map bases consist of digital elevation models and orthorectified images derived from High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) data. These maps are accompanied by geologic cross sections, colorized elevation maps, and cutouts of HiRISE images showing key superposition relations. Also included in this product is a Correlation of Map Units that integrates units across all three map areas, as well as an integrated Description of Map Units and an integrated Explanation of Map Symbols. The maps were assembled using ArcGIS software produced by Environmental Systems Research Institute (http://www.esri.com). The ArcGIS projects and databases associated with each map are included online as supplemental data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3359","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Okubo, C.H., and Gaither, T.A., 2017, Bedrock and structural geologic maps of eastern Candor Sulci, western Ceti Mensa, and southeastern Ceti Mensa, Candor Chasma, Valles Marineris region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3359, pamphlet 12 p., scale 1:18,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3359.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 46.89 x 39.22 inches and 43.00 x 51.70 inches; Pamphlet: i, 12 p.; GIS files; Basemaps; Metadata","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073122","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340816,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_sheet.1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"42 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340815,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"944 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340817,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"23.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":341003,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_gis.zip","text":"GIS Files","size":"502 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":341074,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_fullresolutionbasemaps.zip","text":"Full resolution basemaps","size":"3.7 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340818,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_metadata.zip","text":"Metadata","size":"19.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Astrogeology Research Program staff
Astrogeology Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Dr.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Pamphlet Contents
Water is a precious and limited commodity in the western United States and its conveyance is extremely important. Therefore, it is critical to do as much as possible to prevent the spread of two species of dreissenid mussels, both non-native and highly invasive aquatic species already well-established in the eastern half of the United States. This book addresses the occurrences of the two dreissenid mussels in the West, the quagga mussel and the zebra mussel, that are both known to negatively impact water delivery systems and natural ecosystems. It is edited by two researchers whom have extensive experience working with the mussels in the West and is composed of 34 chapters, or articles, written by a variety of experts.
Book information: Biology and Management of Invasive Quagga and Zebra Mussels in the Western United States. Edited by Wai Hing Wong and Shawn L. Gerstenberger. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group). $149.95. xx + 545 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-1-4665-9561-3. [Compact Disc included.] 2015.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/692233","usgsCitation":"Benson, A.J., 2017, Book review: Biology and management of invasive quagga and zebra mussels in the western United States: The Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 92, no. 2, p. 209-210, https://doi.org/10.1086/692233.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-084644","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9b0e4b044b359e48686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Amy J. 0000-0002-4517-1466 abenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1466","contributorId":3836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Amy","email":"abenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187664,"text":"70187664 - 2017 - Estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T15:52:43","indexId":"70187664","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations","docAbstract":"Estimating thermal performance of organisms is critical for understanding population distributions and dynamics and predicting responses to climate change. Typically, performance curves are estimated using laboratory studies to isolate temperature effects, but other abiotic and biotic factors influence temperature-performance relationships in nature reducing these models' predictive ability. We present a model for estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations that includes environmental and individual variation. We fit the model in a Bayesian framework using MCMC sampling, which allowed for estimation of unobserved latent growth while propagating uncertainty. Fitting the model to simulated data varying in sampling design and parameter values demonstrated that the parameter estimates were accurate, precise, and unbiased. Fitting the model to individual growth data from wild trout revealed high out-of-sample predictive ability relative to laboratory-derived models, which produced more biased predictions for field performance. The field-based estimates of thermal maxima were lower than those based on laboratory studies. Under warming temperature scenarios, field-derived performance models predicted stronger declines in body size than laboratory-derived models, suggesting that laboratory-based models may underestimate climate change effects. The presented model estimates true, realized field performance, avoiding assumptions required for applying laboratory-based models to field performance, which should improve estimates of performance under climate change and advance thermal ecology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1801","usgsCitation":"Childress, E., and Letcher, B.H., 2017, Estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations: Ecology, v. 98, no. 5, p. 1377-1387, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1801.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1377","endPage":"1387","ipdsId":"IP-082628","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9afe4b044b359e48684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childress, Evan 0000-0001-8632-3078 echildress@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8632-3078","contributorId":191994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childress","given":"Evan","email":"echildress@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":694996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":149617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187641,"text":"70187641 - 2017 - Similarity of plant functional traits and aggregation pattern in a subtropical forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-20T13:17:13","indexId":"70187641","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Similarity of plant functional traits and aggregation pattern in a subtropical forest","docAbstract":"The distribution of species and communities in relation to environmental heterogeneity is a central focus in ecology. Co-occurrence of species with similar functional traits is an indication that communities are determined in part by environmental filters. However, few studies have been designed to test how functional traits are selectively filtered by environmental conditions at local scales. Exploring the relationship between soil characteristics and plant traits is a step toward understanding the filtering hypothesis in determining plant distribution at local scale. Toward this end, we mapped all individual trees (diameter >1 cm) in a one-ha subtropical forest of China in 2007 and 2015. We measured topographic and detailed soil properties within the field site, as well as plant leaf functional traits and demographic rates of the seven most common tree species. A second one-ha study plot was established in 2015, to test and validate the general patterns that were drawn from first plot. We found that variation in species distribution at local scale can be explained by soil heterogeneity and plant functional traits. (From first plot). (1) Species dominant in habitats with high soil ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus tended to have high specific leaf area (SLA) and relative growth rate (RGR). (2) Species dominant in low-fertility habitats tended to have high leaf dry matter content (LDMC), ratio of chlorophyll a and b (ratioab), and leaf thickness (LT). The hypothesis that functional traits are selected in part by environmental filters and determine plant distribution at local scale was confirmed by the data of the first plot and a second regional site showed similar species distribution patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Pub. Ltd","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2973","usgsCitation":"Zhang, B., Lu, X., Jiang, J., DeAngelis, D.L., Fu, Z., and Zhang, J., 2017, Similarity of plant functional traits and aggregation pattern in a subtropical forest: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 12, p. 4086-4098, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2973.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4086","endPage":"4098","ipdsId":"IP-083929","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2973","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","state":"Zhejiang Province","otherGeospatial":"Fengyang Mountain National Natural Reserve","volume":"7","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9b3e4b044b359e4868e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Bo","contributorId":146526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16714,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Xiaozhen","contributorId":191967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Xiaozhen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jiang, Jiang","contributorId":191968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Jiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fu, Zhiyuan","contributorId":191969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fu","given":"Zhiyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, Jinchi","contributorId":191970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jinchi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187564,"text":"70187564 - 2017 - Use of erroneous wolf generation time in assessments of domestic dog and human evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T10:02:37","indexId":"70187564","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of erroneous wolf generation time in assessments of domestic dog and human evolution","docAbstract":"Scientific interest in dog domestication and parallel evolution of dogs and humans (Wang et al. 2013) has increased recently (Freedman et al. 2014, Larson and Bradley 2014, Franz et al. 2016,), and various important conclusions have been drawn based on how long ago the calculations show dogs were domesticated from ancestral wolves (Canis lupus). Calculation of this duration is based on “the most commonly assumed mutation rate of 1 x 10-8 per generation and a 3-year gray wolf generation time . . .” (Skoglund et al. 2015:3). It is unclear on what information the assumed generation time is based, but Ersmark et al. (2016) seemed to have based their assumption on a single wolf (Mech and Seal 1987). The importance of assuring that such assumptions are valid is obvious. Recently, two independent studies employing three large data sets and three methods from two widely separated areas have found that wolf generation time is 4.2-4.7 years. The first study, based on 200 wolves in Yellowstone National Park used age-specific birth and death rates to calculate a generation time of 4.16 years (vonHoldt et al. 2008). The second, using estimated first-breeding times of 86 female wolves in northeastern Minnesota found a generation time of 4.3 years and using uterine examination of 159 female wolves from throughout Minnesota yielded a generation time of 4.7 years (Mech et al. 2016). We suggest that previous studies using a 3-year generation time recalculate their figures and adjust their conclusions based on these generation times and publish revised results.
Uneven distribution of rainfall and freshwater scarcity in populated areas in the Island of Maui, Hawaii, renders water resources management a challenge in this complex and ill-defined hydrological system. A previous study in the Galapagos Islands suggests that noble gas temperatures (NGTs) record seasonality in that fractured, rapid infiltration groundwater system rather than the commonly observed mean annual air temperature (MAAT) in sedimentary systems where infiltration is slower thus, providing information on recharge sources and potential flow paths. Here we report noble gas results from the basal aquifer, springs, and rainwater in Maui to explore the potential for noble gases in characterizing this type of complex fractured hydrologic systems. Most samples display a mass-dependent depletion pattern with respect to surface conditions consistent with previous observations both in the Galapagos Islands and Michigan rainwater. Basal aquifer and rainwater noble gas patterns are similar and suggest direct, fast recharge from precipitation to the basal aquifer. In contrast, multiple springs, representative of perched aquifers, display highly variable noble gas concentrations suggesting recharge from a variety of sources. The distinct noble gas patterns for the basal aquifer and springs suggest that basal and perched aquifers are separate entities. Maui rainwater displays high apparent NGTs, incompatible with surface conditions, pointing either to an origin at high altitudes with the presence of ice or an ice-like source of undetermined origin. Overall, noble gas signatures in Maui reflect the source of recharge rather than the expected altitude/temperature relationship commonly observed in sedimentary systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2016WR020172","usgsCitation":"Niu, Y., Castro, M.C., Hall, C., Gingerich, S.B., Scholl, M.A., and Warrier, R.B., 2017, Noble gas signatures in the Island of Maui, Hawaii: Characterizing groundwater sources in fractured systems: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 5, p. 3599-3614, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR020172.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"3599","endPage":"3614","ipdsId":"IP-084259","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": 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