Bigheaded carps, which include silver and bighead carp, are threatening to invade the Great Lakes. These species vary seasonally in distribution and abundance due to environmental conditions such as precipitation and temperature. Monitoring this seasonal movement is important for management to control the population size and spread of the species. We examined if environmental DNA (eDNA) approaches could detect seasonal changes of these species. To do this, we developed a novel genetic marker that was able to both detect and differentiate bighead and silver carp DNA. We used the marker, combined with a novel occupancy model, to study the occurrence of bigheaded carps at 3 sites on the Wabash River over the course of a year. We studied the Wabash River because of concerns that carps may be able to use the system to invade the Great Lakes via a now closed (ca. 2017) connection at Eagle Marsh between the Wabash River's watershed and the Great Lakes' watershed. We found seasonal trends in the probability of detection and occupancy that varied across sites. These findings demonstrate that eDNA methods can detect seasonal changes in bigheaded carps densities and suggest that the amount of eDNA present changes seasonally. The site that was farthest upstream and had the lowest carp densities exhibited the strongest seasonal trends for both detection probabilities and sample occupancy probabilities. Furthermore, other observations suggest that carps seasonally leave this site, and we were able to detect this with our eDNA approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.06.003","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R.A., Merkes, C.M., Jackson, C., Goforth, R., and Amberg, J., 2017, Seasonal trends in eDNA detection and occupancy of bigheaded carps: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 4, p. 762-770, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.06.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"762","endPage":"770","ipdsId":"IP-074701","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.06.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76ec2e4b08b1644ddfac8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merkes, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8191-627X cmerkes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-627X","contributorId":139516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merkes","given":"Christopher","email":"cmerkes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, Craig 0000-0003-4023-0276 cjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0276","contributorId":192276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Craig","email":"cjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goforth, Reuben","contributorId":192277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goforth","given":"Reuben","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Amberg, Jon 0000-0002-8351-4861 jamberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4861","contributorId":149785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190160,"text":"70190160 - 2017 - Genetic differentiation and inferred dynamics of a hybrid zone between Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and California Spotted Owls (S. o. occidentalis) in northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:48:18","indexId":"70190160","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic differentiation and inferred dynamics of a hybrid zone between Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and California Spotted Owls (S. o. occidentalis) in northern California","title":"Genetic differentiation and inferred dynamics of a hybrid zone between Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and California Spotted Owls (S. o. occidentalis) in northern California","docAbstract":"Genetic differentiation among Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis) subspecies has been established in prior studies. These investigations also provided evidence for introgression and hybridization among taxa but were limited by a lack of samples from geographic regions where subspecies came into close contact. We analyzed new sets of samples from Northern Spotted Owls (NSO: S. o. caurina) and California Spotted Owls (CSO: S. o. occidentalis) in northern California using mitochondrial DNA sequences (mtDNA) and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci to obtain a clearer depiction of genetic differentiation and hybridization in the region. Our analyses revealed that a NSO population close to the northern edge of the CSO range in northern California (the NSO Contact Zone population) is highly differentiated relative to other NSO populations throughout the remainder of their range. Phylogenetic analyses identified a unique lineage of mtDNA in the NSO Contact Zone, and Bayesian clustering analyses of the microsatellite data identified the Contact Zone as a third distinct population that is differentiated from CSO and NSO found in the remainder of the subspecies' range. Hybridization between NSO and CSO was readily detected in the NSO Contact Zone, with over 50% of individuals showing evidence of hybrid ancestry. Hybridization was also identified among 14% of CSO samples, which were dispersed across the subspecies' range in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The asymmetry of hybridization suggested that the hybrid zone may be dynamic and moving. Although evidence of hybridization existed, we identified no F1 generation hybrid individuals. We instead found evidence for F2 or backcrossed individuals among our samples. The absence of F1 hybrids may indicate that (1) our 10 microsatellites were unable to distinguish hybrid types, (2) primary interactions between subspecies are occurring elsewhere on the landscape, or (3) dispersal between the subspecies' ranges is reduced relative to historical levels, potentially as a consequence of recent regional fires.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.3260","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Mullins, T.D., Forsman, E.D., and Haig, S.M., 2017, Genetic differentiation and inferred dynamics of a hybrid zone between Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and California Spotted Owls (S. o. occidentalis) in northern California: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 17, p. 6871-6883, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3260.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"6871","endPage":"6883","ipdsId":"IP-085456","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3260","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -119.02587890624999,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -119.02587890624999,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 37.49229399862877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76ec2e4b08b1644ddfac6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":149824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, Eric D.","contributorId":96792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forsman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190127,"text":"70190127 - 2017 - Residence times and alluvial architecture of a sediment superslug in response to different flow regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T13:46:24","indexId":"70190127","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residence times and alluvial architecture of a sediment superslug in response to different flow regimes","docAbstract":"A superslug was deposited in a basin in the Colorado Front Range Mountains as a consequence of an extreme flood following a wildfire disturbance in 1996. The subsequent evolution of this superslug was measured by repeat topographic surveys (31 surveys from 1996 through 2014) of 18 cross sections approximately uniformly spaced over 1500 m immediately above the basin outlet. These surveys allowed the identification within the superslug of chronostratigraphic units deposited and eroded by different geomorphic processes in response to different flow regimes.
Over the time period of the study, the superslug went through aggradation, incision, and stabilization phases that were controlled by a shift in geomorphic processes from generally short-duration, episodic, large-magnitude floods that deposited new chronostratigraphic units to long-duration processes that eroded units. These phases were not contemporaneous at each channel cross section, which resulted in a complex response that preserved different chronostratigraphic units at each channel cross section having, in general, two dominant types of alluvial architecture—laminar and fragmented. Age and transit-time distributions for these two alluvial architectures evolved with time since the extreme flood. Because of the complex shape of the distributions they were best modeled by two-parameter Weibull functions. The Weibull scale parameter approximated the median age of the distributions, and the Weibull shape parameter generally had a linear relation that increased with time since the extreme flood. Additional results indicated that deposition of new chronostratigraphic units can be represented by a power-law frequency distribution, and that the erosion of units decreases with depth of burial to a limiting depth. These relations can be used to model other situations with different flow regimes where vertical aggradation and incision are dominant processes, to predict the residence time of possible contaminated sediment stored in channels or on floodplains, and to provide insight into the interpretation of recent or ancient fluvial deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.04.012","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., 2017, Residence times and alluvial architecture of a sediment superslug in response to different flow regimes: Geomorphology, v. 294, p. 40-57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.04.012.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"57","ipdsId":"IP-081978","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"294","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59901393e4b09fa1cb17891d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190106,"text":"70190106 - 2017 - Use of alternating and pulsed direct current electrified fields for zebra mussel control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-12T08:55:26","indexId":"70190106","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of alternating and pulsed direct current electrified fields for zebra mussel control","docAbstract":"Alternatives to chemicals for controlling dreissenid mussels are desirable for environmental compatibility, but few alternatives exist. Previous studies have evaluated the use of electrified fields for stunning and/or killing planktonic life stages of dreissenid mussels, however, the available literature on the use of electrified fields to control adult dreissenid mussels is limited. We evaluated the effects of sinusoidal alternating current (AC) and 20% duty cycle square-wave pulsed direct current (PDC) exposure on the survival of adult zebra mussels at water temperatures of 10, 15, and 22 °C. Peak voltage gradients of ~ 17 and 30 Vp/cm in the AC and PDC exposures, respectively, were continuously applied for 24, 48, or 72 h. Peak power densities ranged from 77,999 to 107,199 µW/cm3 in the AC exposures and 245,320 to 313,945 µW/cm3 in the PDC exposures. The peak dose ranged from 6,739 to 27,298 Joules/cm3 and 21,306 to 80,941 Joules/cm3 in the AC and PDC exposures, respectively. The applied power ranged from 16.6 to 68.9 kWh in the AC exposures and from 22.2 to 86.4 kWh in the PDC exposures. Mortality ranged from 2.7 to 92.7% in the AC exposed groups and from 24.0 to 98.7% in PDC exposed groups. Mortality increased with corresponding increases in water temperature and exposure duration, and we observed more zebra mussel mortality in the PDC exposures. Exposures conducted with AC required less of a peak dose (Joules/cm3) but more applied power (kWh) to achieve the same level of adult zebra mussel mortality as corresponding PDC exposures. The results demonstrate that 20% duty cycle square-wave PDC requires less energy than sinusoidal AC to inducing the same level of adult zebra mussel mortality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.05","usgsCitation":"Luoma, J.A., Dean, J.C., Severson, T.J., Wise, J.K., and Barbour, M., 2017, Use of alternating and pulsed direct current electrified fields for zebra mussel control: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 8, no. 3, p. 311-324, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.05.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"324","ipdsId":"IP-080213","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.3.05","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59901398e4b09fa1cb178923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, James A. 0000-0003-3556-0190 jluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-0190","contributorId":4449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"James","email":"jluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, Jan C.","contributorId":195579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Severson, Todd J. 0000-0001-5282-3779 tseverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-3779","contributorId":4749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"Todd","email":"tseverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wise, Jeremy K. 0000-0003-0184-6959 jwise@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-6959","contributorId":5009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"Jeremy","email":"jwise@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barbour, Matthew 0000-0002-0095-9188 mbarbour@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0095-9188","contributorId":195580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Matthew","email":"mbarbour@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70190109,"text":"70190109 - 2017 - Changes in projected spatial and seasonal groundwater recharge in the upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-15T13:16:00","indexId":"70190109","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in projected spatial and seasonal groundwater recharge in the upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"The Colorado River is an important source of water in the western United States, supplying the needs of more than 38 million people in the United States and Mexico. Groundwater discharge to streams has been shown to be a critical component of streamflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), particularly during low-flow periods. Understanding impacts on groundwater in the basin from projected climate change will assist water managers in the region in planning for potential changes in the river and groundwater system. A previous study on changes in basin-wide groundwater recharge in the UCRB under projected climate change found substantial increases in temperature, moderate increases in precipitation, and mostly periods of stable or slight increases in simulated groundwater recharge through 2099. This study quantifies projected spatial and seasonal changes in groundwater recharge within the UCRB from recent historical (1950 to 2015) through future (2016 to 2099) time periods, using a distributed-parameter groundwater recharge model with downscaled climate data from 97 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate projections. Simulation results indicate that projected increases in basin-wide recharge of up to 15% are not distributed uniformly within the basin or throughout the year. Northernmost subregions within the UCRB are projected an increase in groundwater recharge, while recharge in other mainly southern subregions will decline. Seasonal changes in recharge also are projected within the UCRB, with decreases of 50% or more in summer months and increases of 50% or more in winter months for all subregions, and increases of 10% or more in spring months for many subregions.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12507","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F.D., Gangopadhyay, S., and Pruitt, T., 2017, Changes in projected spatial and seasonal groundwater recharge in the upper Colorado River Basin: Groundwater, v. 55, no. 4, p. 506-518, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12507.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"506","endPage":"518","ipdsId":"IP-078645","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.64404296874999,\n 42.147114459220994\n ],\n [\n -108.74267578124999,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -110.28076171874999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -111.57714843749999,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -112.85156249999999,\n 38.324420427006515\n ],\n [\n -114.52148437499999,\n 37.84015683604134\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 36.61552763134925\n ],\n [\n -114.19189453124999,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.861132322810946\n ],\n [\n -114.96093749999997,\n 32.15701248607008\n ],\n [\n -113.90624999999999,\n 31.74685416292141\n ],\n [\n -113.29101562499999,\n 31.034108344903483\n ],\n [\n -112.41210937499999,\n 30.164126343161097\n ],\n [\n -110.87402343749999,\n 30.543338954230222\n ],\n [\n -109.24804687499997,\n 31.259769987394286\n ],\n [\n -107.13867187499999,\n 32.97180377635759\n ],\n [\n -106.17187499999999,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -105.95214843749999,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -106.39160156249999,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -107.64404296874999,\n 42.147114459220994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59901397e4b09fa1cb178921","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":147809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gangopadhyay, Subhrendu 0000-0003-3864-8251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3864-8251","contributorId":173439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gangopadhyay","given":"Subhrendu","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pruitt, Tom 0000-0002-3543-1324","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-1324","contributorId":173440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pruitt","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27228,"text":"Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190123,"text":"70190123 - 2017 - Effects of lateral confinement in natural and leveed reaches of a gravel-bed river: Snake River, Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-16T14:23:51","indexId":"70190123","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of lateral confinement in natural and leveed reaches of a gravel-bed river: Snake River, Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"This study examined the effects of natural and anthropogenic changes in confining margin width by applying remote sensing techniques – fusing LiDAR topography with image-derived bathymetry – over a large spatial extent: 58 km of the Snake River, Wyoming, USA. Fused digital elevation models from 2007 and 2012 were differenced to quantify changes in the volume of stored sediment, develop morphological sediment budgets, and infer spatial gradients in bed material transport. Our study spanned two similar reaches that were subject to different controls on confining margin width: natural terraces versus artificial levees. Channel planform in reaches with similar slope and confining margin width differed depending on whether the margins were natural or anthropogenic. The effects of tributaries also differed between the two reaches. Generally, the natural reach featured greater confining margin widths and was depositional, whereas artificial lateral constriction in the leveed reach produced a sediment budget that was closer to balanced. Although our remote sensing methods provided topographic data over a large area, net volumetric changes were not statistically significant due to the uncertainty associated with bed elevation estimates. We therefore focused on along-channel spatial differences in bed material transport rather than absolute volumes of sediment. To complement indirect estimates of sediment transport derived by morphological sediment budgeting, we collected field data on bed mobility through a tracer study. Surface and subsurface grain size measurements were combined with bed mobility observations to calculate armoring and dimensionless sediment transport ratios, which indicated that sediment supply exceeded transport capacity in the natural reach and vice versa in the leveed reach. We hypothesize that constriction by levees induced an initial phase of incision and bed armoring. Because levees prevented bank erosion, the channel excavated sediment by migrating rapidly across the restricted braidplain and eroding bars and islands.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Society for Geomorphology","doi":"10.1002/esp.4157","usgsCitation":"Leonard, C., Legleiter, C.J., and Overstreet, B., 2017, Effects of lateral confinement in natural and leveed reaches of a gravel-bed river: Snake River, Wyoming, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 42, no. 13, p. 2119-2138, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4157.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2119","endPage":"2138","ipdsId":"IP-075980","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.58906555175781,\n 43.86720808597874\n ],\n [\n -110.61309814453125,\n 43.843936871965695\n ],\n [\n -110.61241149902344,\n 43.819665724206956\n ],\n [\n -110.65155029296875,\n 43.79042818348387\n ],\n [\n -110.70236206054688,\n 43.7492731811147\n ],\n [\n -110.72776794433592,\n 43.708586214366036\n ],\n [\n -110.73532104492186,\n 43.68277040294095\n ],\n [\n -110.73188781738281,\n 43.66042082657193\n ],\n [\n -110.71266174316406,\n 43.64054754952543\n ],\n [\n -110.68450927734375,\n 43.64452273099928\n ],\n [\n -110.6494903564453,\n 43.69419030566581\n ],\n [\n -110.60279846191405,\n 43.73488704685434\n ],\n [\n -110.54237365722656,\n 43.766135280960974\n ],\n [\n -110.49568176269531,\n 43.845917754377275\n ],\n [\n -110.50666809082031,\n 43.85879188670806\n ],\n [\n -110.5279541015625,\n 43.866713048323184\n ],\n [\n -110.58906555175781,\n 43.86720808597874\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59901396e4b09fa1cb17891f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leonard, Christina","contributorId":195596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":707576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overstreet, Brandon T.","contributorId":195597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overstreet","given":"Brandon T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190147,"text":"70190147 - 2017 - Autotrophic microbial arsenotrophy in arsenic-rich soda lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-11T17:51:35","indexId":"70190147","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1620,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Autotrophic microbial arsenotrophy in arsenic-rich soda lakes","docAbstract":"A number of prokaryotes are capable of employing arsenic oxy-anions as either electron acceptors [arsenate; As(V)] or electron donors [arsenite; As(III)] to sustain arsenic-dependent growth (‘arsenotrophy’). A subset of these microorganisms function as either chemoautotrophs or photoautotrophs, whereby they gain sufficient energy from their redox metabolism of arsenic to completely satisfy their carbon needs for growth by autotrophy, that is the fixation of inorganic carbon (e.g. HCO3−) into their biomass. Here we review what has been learned of these processes by investigations we have undertaken in three soda lakes of the western USA and from the physiological characterizations of the relevant bacteria, which include the critical genes involved, such as respiratory arsenate reductase (arrA) and the discovery of its arsenite-oxidizing counterpart (arxA). When possible, we refer to instances of similar process occurring in other, less extreme ecosystems and by microbes other than haloalkaliphiles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnx146","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R.S., Saltikov, C.W., Stolz, J.F., and Hollibaugh, J.T., 2017, Autotrophic microbial arsenotrophy in arsenic-rich soda lakes: FEMS Microbiology Letters, v. 364, no. 15, Article fnx146, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx146.","productDescription":"Article fnx146","ipdsId":"IP-087336","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx146","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"364","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598e9039e4b09fa1cb160968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saltikov, Chad W.","contributorId":195632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saltikov","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stolz, John F.","contributorId":179305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stolz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hollibaugh, James T.","contributorId":195633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollibaugh","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190149,"text":"70190149 - 2017 - The transtensional offshore portion of the northern San Andreas fault: Fault zone geometry, late Pleistocene to Holocene sediment deposition, shallow deformation patterns, and asymmetric basin growth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T13:47:44","indexId":"70190149","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The transtensional offshore portion of the northern San Andreas fault: Fault zone geometry, late Pleistocene to Holocene sediment deposition, shallow deformation patterns, and asymmetric basin growth","docAbstract":"We mapped an ~120 km offshore portion of the northern San Andreas fault (SAF) between Point Arena and Point Delgada using closely spaced seismic reflection profiles (1605 km), high-resolution multibeam bathymetry (~1600 km2), and marine magnetic data. This new data set documents SAF location and continuity, associated tectonic geomorphology, shallow stratigraphy, and deformation. Variable deformation patterns in the generally narrow (∼1 km wide) fault zone are largely associated with fault trend and with transtensional and transpressional fault bends.
We divide this unique transtensional portion of the offshore SAF into six sections along and adjacent to the SAF based on fault trend, deformation styles, seismic stratigraphy, and seafloor bathymetry. In the southern region of the study area, the SAF includes a 10-km-long zone characterized by two active parallel fault strands. Slip transfer and long-term straightening of the fault trace in this zone are likely leading to transfer of a slice of the Pacific plate to the North American plate. The SAF in the northern region of the survey area passes through two sharp fault bends (∼9°, right stepping, and ∼8°, left stepping), resulting in both an asymmetric lazy Z–shape sedimentary basin (Noyo basin) and an uplifted rocky shoal (Tolo Bank). Seismic stratigraphic sequences and unconformities within the Noyo basin correlate with the previous 4 major Quaternary sea-level lowstands and record basin tilting of ∼0.6°/100 k.y. Migration of the basin depocenter indicates a lateral slip rate on the SAF of 10–19 mm/yr for the past 350 k.y.
Data collected west of the SAF on the south flank of Cape Mendocino are inconsistent with the presence of an offshore fault strand that connects the SAF with the Mendocino Triple Junction. Instead, we suggest that the SAF previously mapped onshore at Point Delgada continues onshore northward and transitions to the King Range thrust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01367.1","usgsCitation":"Beeson, J.W., Johnson, S.Y., and Goldfinger, C., 2017, The transtensional offshore portion of the northern San Andreas fault: Fault zone geometry, late Pleistocene to Holocene sediment deposition, shallow deformation patterns, and asymmetric basin growth: Geosphere, v. 13, no. 4, p. 1173-1206, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01367.1.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"1173","endPage":"1206","ipdsId":"IP-076193","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01367.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598e9035e4b09fa1cb160964","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeson, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-7396-237X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-237X","contributorId":194964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldfinger, Chris","contributorId":195634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldfinger","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190148,"text":"70190148 - 2017 - Water quality measurements in San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1969–2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-11T17:47:51","indexId":"70190148","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality measurements in San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1969–2015","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains a place-based research program in San Francisco Bay (USA) that began in 1969 and continues, providing one of the longest records of water-quality measurements in a North American estuary. Constituents include salinity, temperature, light extinction coefficient, and concentrations of chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, suspended particulate matter, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, silicate, and phosphate. We describe the sampling program, analytical methods, structure of the data record, and how to access all measurements made from 1969 through 2015. We provide a summary of how these data have been used by USGS and other researchers to deepen understanding of how estuaries are structured and function differently from the river and ocean ecosystems they bridge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2017.98","usgsCitation":"Schraga, T., and Cloern, J.E., 2017, Water quality measurements in San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1969–2015: Scientific Data, v. 4, Article 170098: 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.98.","productDescription":"Article 170098: 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086767","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.98","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7D21WGF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS Measurements of Water Quality in San Francisco Bay (CA), 2016-2021 (ver. 4.0, March 2023)"},{"id":344767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.15673828124999,\n 37.06394430056685\n ],\n [\n -121.37695312499999,\n 37.06394430056685\n ],\n [\n -121.37695312499999,\n 39.036252959636606\n ],\n [\n -123.15673828124999,\n 39.036252959636606\n ],\n [\n -123.15673828124999,\n 37.06394430056685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598e9038e4b09fa1cb160966","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schraga, Tara 0000-0002-2108-5846 tschraga@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-5846","contributorId":1118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"Tara","email":"tschraga@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190134,"text":"70190134 - 2017 - Using optimal transport theory to estimate transition probabilities in metapopulation dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-11T18:29:59","indexId":"70190134","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using optimal transport theory to estimate transition probabilities in metapopulation dynamics","docAbstract":"This work considers the estimation of transition probabilities associated with populations moving among multiple spatial locations based on numbers of individuals at each location at two points in time. The problem is generally underdetermined as there exists an extremely large number of ways in which individuals can move from one set of locations to another. A unique solution therefore requires a constraint. The theory of optimal transport provides such a constraint in the form of a cost function, to be minimized in expectation over the space of possible transition matrices. We demonstrate the optimal transport approach on marked bird data and compare to the probabilities obtained via maximum likelihood estimation based on marked individuals. It is shown that by choosing the squared Euclidean distance as the cost, the estimated transition probabilities compare favorably to those obtained via maximum likelihood with marked individuals. Other implications of this cost are discussed, including the ability to accurately interpolate the population's spatial distribution at unobserved points in time and the more general relationship between the cost and minimum transport energy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.06.003","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J.M., Spendelow, J.A., and Nichols, J.D., 2017, Using optimal transport theory to estimate transition probabilities in metapopulation dynamics: Ecological Modelling, v. 359, p. 311-319, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.06.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"319","ipdsId":"IP-085663","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.06.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"359","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598e903be4b09fa1cb16096e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, Jonathan M.","contributorId":195603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nichols","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spendelow, Jeffrey A. 0000-0001-8167-0898 jspendelow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":4355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jspendelow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190141,"text":"70190141 - 2017 - Dam removal: Listening in","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T16:24:39","indexId":"70190141","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dam removal: Listening in","docAbstract":"Dam removal is widely used as an approach for river restoration in the United States. The increase in dam removals—particularly large dams—and associated dam-removal studies over the last few decades motivated a working group at the USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis to review and synthesize available studies of dam removals and their findings. Based on dam removals thus far, some general conclusions have emerged: (1) physical responses are typically fast, with the rate of sediment erosion largely dependent on sediment characteristics and dam-removal strategy; (2) ecological responses to dam removal differ among the affected upstream, downstream, and reservoir reaches; (3) dam removal tends to quickly reestablish connectivity, restoring the movement of material and organisms between upstream and downstream river reaches; (4) geographic context, river history, and land use significantly influence river restoration trajectories and recovery potential because they control broader physical and ecological processes and conditions; and (5) quantitative modeling capability is improving, particularly for physical and broad-scale ecological effects, and gives managers information needed to understand and predict long-term effects of dam removal on riverine ecosystems. Although these studies collectively enhance our understanding of how riverine ecosystems respond to dam removal, knowledge gaps remain because most studies have been short (< 5 years) and do not adequately represent the diversity of dam types, watershed conditions, and dam-removal methods in the U.S.
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management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-11T18:26:47","indexId":"70190137","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of sediment and nutrient export and runoff characteristics from watersheds with centralized versus distributed stormwater management","docAbstract":"Stormwater control measures (SCMs) are used to retain stormwater and pollutants. SCMs have traditionally been installed in a centralized manner using detention to mitigate peak flows. Recently, distributed SCM networks that treat runoff near the source have been increasingly utilized. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences among watersheds that vary in SCM arrangement by assessing differences in baseflow nutrient (NOx-N and PO4−) concentrations and fluxes, stormflow export of suspended sediments and particulate phosphorus (PP), and runoff characteristics. A paired watershed approach was used to compare export between 2004 and 2016 from one forested watershed (For-MD), one suburban watershed with centralized SCMs (Cent-MD), and one suburban watershed with distributed SCMs (Dist-MD). Results indicated baseflow nitrate (NOx-N) concentrations typically exceeded 1 mg-N/L in all watersheds and were highest in Dist-MD. Over the last 10 years in Dist-MD, nitrate concentrations in both stream baseflow and in a groundwater well declined as land use shifted from agriculture to suburban. Baseflow nitrate export temporarily increased during the construction phase of SCM development in Dist-MD. This temporary pulse of nitrate may be attributed to the conversion of sediment control facilities to SCMs and increased subsurface flushing as infiltration SCMs came on line. During storm flow, Dist-MD tended to have less runoff and lower maximum specific discharge than Cent-MD for small events (<1.3 cm), but runoff responses became increasingly similar to Cent-MD with increasing precipitation (>1.3 cm). Mass export estimated during paired storm events indicated Dist-MD exported 30% less sediment and 31% more PP than Cent-MD. For large precipitation events, export of sediment and PP was similar among all three watersheds. Results suggest that distributed SCMs can reduce runoff and sediment loads during small rain events compared to centralized SCMs, but these differences become less evident for large events when peak discharge likely leads to substantial bank erosion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.067","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, K.G., Loperfido, J., Craig, L.S., Noe, G.E., and Hogan, D.M., 2017, Comparison of sediment and nutrient export and runoff characteristics from watersheds with centralized versus distributed stormwater management: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 203, no. 1, p. 286-298, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.067.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"298","ipdsId":"IP-086456","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"203","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598e903be4b09fa1cb16096c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Kristina G. 0000-0003-1699-9384 khopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384","contributorId":195604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Kristina","email":"khopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loperfido, J.V.","contributorId":90970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loperfido","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craig, Laura S.","contributorId":195611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":131137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187180,"text":"ds1031 - 2017 - Archive of bathymetry data collected in South Florida from 1995 to 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T17:27:37","indexId":"ds1031","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-10T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1031","title":"Archive of bathymetry data collected in South Florida from 1995 to 2015","docAbstract":"Land development and alterations of the ecosystem in south Florida over the past 100 years have decreased freshwater and increased nutrient flows into many of Florida's estuaries, bays, and coastal regions. As a result, there has been a decrease in the water quality in many of these critical habitats, often prompting seagrass die-offs and reduced fish and aquatic life populations. Restoration of water quality in many of these habitats will depend partly upon using numerical-circulation and sediment-transport models to establish water-quality targets and to assess progress toward reaching restoration targets. Application of these models is often complicated because of complex sea floor topography and tidal flow regimes. Consequently, accurate and modern sea-floor or bathymetry maps are critical for numerical modeling research. Modern bathymetry data sets will also permit a comparison to historical data in order to help assess sea-floor changes within these critical habitats. New and detailed data sets also support marine biology studies to help understand migratory and feeding habitats of marine life.
This data series is a compilation of 13 mapping projects conducted in south Florida between 1995 and 2015 and archives more than 45 million bathymetric soundings. Data were collected primarily with a single beam sound navigation and ranging (sonar) system called SANDS developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1993. Bathymetry data for the Estero Bay project were supplemented with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) system. Data from eight rivers in southwest Florida were collected with an interferometric swath bathymetry system. The projects represented in this data series were funded by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP), the USGS South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Project- formally named Placed Based Studies, and other non-Federal agencies. The purpose of the data collection for all these projects was to support one or more of the following scientific aspects: numerical model applications, sea floor change analysis, or marine habitat investigations.
This report serves as an archive of processed bathymetry sounding data, digital bathymetric contours, digital bathymetric maps, sea floor surface grids, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata. Refer to the Abbreviations page for explanations of acronyms and abbreviations used in this report. Since 2006, the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) assigns a unique identifier or Field Activity Number (FAN) for each field data collection. Projects described in this report conducted prior to 2006 do not have a FAN.
Data from the 13 projects presented in this report provided critical hydrographic information to support multiple science projects in south Florida. The projects and the types of sounding data collected are:
Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
This report describes the “XT3D” option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW 6. The XT3D option extends the capabilities of MODFLOW by enabling simulation of fully three-dimensional anisotropy on regular or irregular grids in a way that properly takes into account the full, three-dimensional conductivity tensor. It can also improve the accuracy of groundwater-flow simulations in cases in which the model grid violates certain geometric requirements. Three example problems demonstrate the use of the XT3D option to simulate groundwater flow on irregular grids and through three-dimensional porous media with anisotropic hydraulic conductivity.
Conceptually, the XT3D method of estimating flow between two MODFLOW 6 model cells can be viewed in terms of three main mathematical steps: construction of head-gradient estimates by interpolation; construction of fluid-flux estimates by application of the full, three-dimensional form of Darcy’s Law, in which the conductivity tensor can be heterogeneous and anisotropic; and construction of the flow expression by enforcement of continuity of flow across the cell interface. The resulting XT3D flow expression, which relates the flow across the cell interface to the values of heads computed at neighboring nodes, is the sum of terms in which conductance-like coefficients multiply head differences, as in the conductance-based flow expression the NPF Package uses by default. However, the XT3D flow expression contains terms that involve “neighbors of neighbors” of the two cells for which the flow is being calculated. These additional terms have no analog in the conductance-based formulation. When assembled into matrix form, the XT3D formulation results in a larger stencil than the conductance-based formulation; that is, each row of the coefficient matrix generally contains more nonzero elements. The “RHS” suboption can be used to avoid expanding the stencil by placing the additional terms on the right-hand side of the matrix equation and evaluating them at the previous iteration or time step.
The XT3D option can be an alternative to the Ghost-Node Correction (GNC) Package. However, the XT3D formulation is typically more computationally intensive than the conductance-based formulation the NPF Package uses by default, either with or without ghost nodes. Before deciding whether to use the GNC Package or XT3D option for production runs, the user should consider whether the conductance-based formulation alone can provide acceptable accuracy for the particular problem being solved.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A56","usgsCitation":"Provost, A.M., Langevin, C.D., and Hughes, J.D., 2017, Documentation for the “XT3D” option in the Node\nProperty Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW 6: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A56, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A56.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081540","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a56/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343663,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A55","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-55","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model"},{"id":343664,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A57","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-57","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Framework "},{"id":344649,"rank":5,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VQV","linkHelpText":"- MODFLOW 6"},{"id":343662,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a56/tm6a56.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.92 MB"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 56 of Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques.","contact":"Office of Groundwater
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 411
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
MODFLOW is a popular open-source groundwater flow model distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Growing interest in surface and groundwater interactions, local refinement with nested and unstructured grids, karst groundwater flow, solute transport, and saltwater intrusion, has led to the development of numerous MODFLOW versions. Often times, there are incompatibilities between these different MODFLOW versions. The report describes a new MODFLOW framework called MODFLOW 6 that is designed to support multiple models and multiple types of models. The framework is written in Fortran using a modular object-oriented design. The primary framework components include the simulation (or main program), Timing Module, Solutions, Models, Exchanges, and Utilities. The first version of the framework focuses on numerical solutions, numerical models, and numerical exchanges. This focus on numerical models allows multiple numerical models to be tightly coupled at the matrix level.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A57","usgsCitation":"Hughes, J.D., Langevin, C.D., and Banta, E.R., 2017, Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 framework: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A57, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A57.","productDescription":"Report: 42 p.; Application Site; Companion FIles","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081538","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343721,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A55","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-55","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model"},{"id":343720,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a57/tm6a57.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.38 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 6A-57"},{"id":343722,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A56","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-56","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the \"XT3D\" Option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW"},{"id":344650,"rank":5,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VQV","linkHelpText":"- MODFLOW 6"},{"id":343719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a57/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 57 of Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques.","contact":"Office of Groundwater
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 411
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
This report documents the Groundwater Flow (GWF) Model for a new version of MODFLOW called MODFLOW 6. The GWF Model for MODFLOW 6 is based on a generalized control-volume finite-difference approach in which a cell can be hydraulically connected to any number of surrounding cells. Users can define the model grid using one of three discretization packages, including (1) a structured discretization package for defining regular MODFLOW grids consisting of layers, rows, and columns, (2) a discretization by vertices package for defining layered unstructured grids consisting of layers and cells, and (3) a general unstructured discretization package for defining flexible grids comprised of cells and their connection properties. For layered grids, a new capability is available for removing thin cells and vertically connecting cells overlying and underlying the thin cells. For complex problems involving water-table conditions, an optional Newton-Raphson formulation, based on the formulations in MODFLOW-NWT and MODFLOW-USG, can be activated. Use of the Newton-Raphson formulation will often improve model convergence and allow solutions to be obtained for difficult problems that cannot be solved using the traditional wetting and drying approach. The GWF Model is divided into “packages,” as was done in previous MODFLOW versions. A package is the part of the model that deals with a single aspect of simulation. Packages included with the GWF Model include those related to internal calculations of groundwater flow (discretization, initial conditions, hydraulic conductance, and storage), stress packages (constant heads, wells, recharge, rivers, general head boundaries, drains, and evapotranspiration), and advanced stress packages (streamflow routing, lakes, multi-aquifer wells, and unsaturated zone flow). An additional package is also available for moving water available in one package into the individual features of the advanced stress packages. The GWF Model also has packages for obtaining and controlling output from the model. This report includes detailed explanations of physical and mathematical concepts on which the GWF Model and its packages are based.
Like its predecessors, MODFLOW 6 is based on a highly modular structure; however, this structure has been extended into an object-oriented framework. The framework includes a robust and generalized numerical solution object, which can be used to solve many different types of models. The numerical solution object has several different matrix preconditioning options as well as several methods for solving the linear system of equations. In this new framework, the GWF Model itself is an object as are each of the GWF Model packages. A benefit of the object-oriented structure is that multiple objects of the same type can be used in a single simulation. Thus, a single forward run with MODFLOW 6 may contain multiple GWF Models. GWF Models can be hydraulically connected using GWF-GWF Exchange objects. Connecting GWF models in different ways permits the user to utilize a local grid refinement strategy consisting of parent and child models or to couple adjacent GWF Models. An advantage of the approach implemented in MODFLOW 6 is that multiple models and their exchanges can be incorporated into a single numerical solution object. With this design, models can be tightly coupled at the matrix level.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A55","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program ","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C.D., Hughes, J.D., Banta, E.R., Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Provost, A.M., 2017, Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A55, 197 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A55. ","productDescription":"Report: 197 p.; Application Site; Companion Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078755","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A56","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-56","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the \"XT3D\" Option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW "},{"id":343647,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A57","text":"Techniques and Methods 6A-57","linkHelpText":"- Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Framework"},{"id":343639,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a55/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343640,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a55/tm6a55.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 6A-55"},{"id":344648,"rank":5,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VQV","linkHelpText":"- MODFLOW 6"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 55 of Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling techniques.","contact":"Office of Groundwater
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 411
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
To address a paucity of Common Era data in the Gulf of Mexico, we reconstructed ~ 1.1 m of relative sea-level (RSL) rise over the past ~ 2000 years at Little Manatee River (Gulf Coast of Florida, USA). We applied a regional-scale foraminiferal transfer function to fossil assemblages preserved in a core of salt-marsh peat and organic silt that was dated using radiocarbon and recognition of pollution, 137Cs and pollen chronohorizons. Our proxy reconstruction was combined with tide-gauge data from four nearby sites spanning 1913–2014 CE. Application of an Errors-in-Variables Integrated Gaussian Process (EIV-IGP) model to the combined proxy and instrumental dataset demonstrates that RSL fell from ~ 350 to 100 BCE, before rising continuously to present. This initial RSL fall was likely the result of local-scale processes (e.g., silting up of a tidal flat or shallow sub-tidal shoal) as salt-marsh development at the site began. Since ~ 0 CE, we consider the reconstruction to be representative of regional-scale RSL trends. We removed a linear rate of 0.3 mm/yr from the RSL record using the EIV-IGP model to estimate climate-driven sea-level trends and to facilitate comparison among sites. This analysis demonstrates that since ~ 0 CE sea level did not deviate significantly from zero until accelerating continuously from ~ 1500 CE to present. Sea level was rising at 1.33 mm/yr in 1900 CE and accelerated until 2014 CE when a rate of 2.02 mm/yr was attained, which is the fastest, century-scale trend in the ~ 2000-year record. Comparison to existing reconstructions from the Gulf coast of Louisiana and the Atlantic coast of northern Florida reveal similar sea-level histories at all three sites. We explored the influence of compaction and fluvial processes on our reconstruction and concluded that compaction was likely insignificant. Fluvial processes were also likely insignificant, but further proxy evidence is needed to fully test this hypothesis. Our results indicate that no significant Common Era sea-level changes took place on the Gulf and southeastern Atlantic U.S. coasts until the onset of modern sea-level rise in the late 19th century.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.001","usgsCitation":"Gerlach, M.J., Engelhart, S.E., Kemp, A.C., Moyer, R.P., Smoak, J.M., Bernhardt, C.E., and Cahill, N., 2017, Reconstructing Common Era relative sea-level change on the Gulf Coast of Florida: Marine Geology, v. 390, p. 254-269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.001.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"269","ipdsId":"IP-082795","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.07.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cahill, Niamh","contributorId":150754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Niamh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189272,"text":"ofr20171087 - 2017 - Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nesting and brood-rearing microhabitat in Nevada and California—Spatial variation in selection and survival patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T17:09:48","indexId":"ofr20171087","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1087","title":"Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nesting and brood-rearing microhabitat in Nevada and California—Spatial variation in selection and survival patterns","docAbstract":"Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereinafter, \"sage-grouse\") are highly dependent on sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) dominated vegetation communities for food and cover from predators. Although this species requires the presence of sagebrush shrubs in the overstory, it also inhabits a broad geographic distribution with significant gradients in precipitation and temperature that drive variation in sagebrush ecosystem structure and concomitant shrub understory conditions. Variability in understory conditions across the species’ range may be responsible for the sometimes contradictory findings in the scientific literature describing sage-grouse habitat use and selection during important life history stages, such as nesting. To help understand the importance of this variability and to help guide management actions, we evaluated the nesting and brood-rearing microhabitat factors that influence selection and survival patterns in the Great Basin using a large dataset of microhabitat characteristics from study areas spanning northern Nevada and a portion of northeastern California from 2009 to 2016. The spatial and temporal coverage of the dataset provided a powerful opportunity to evaluate microhabitat factors important to sage-grouse reproduction, while also considering habitat variation associated with different climatic conditions and areas affected by wildfire. The summary statistics for numerous microhabitat factors, and the strength of their association with sage-grouse habitat selection and survival, are provided in this report to support decisions by land managers, policy-makers, and others with the best-available science in a timely manner.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and Nevada Department of Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Brussee, B.E., Ricca, M.A., Dudko, J.E., Prochazka, B.G., Espinosa, S.P., Casazza, M.L., and Delehanty, D.J., 2017, Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nesting and brood-rearing microhabitat in Nevada and California—Spatial variation in selection and survival patterns: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1087, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171087.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 79 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087866","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344631,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76M35BC","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Summary statistics data for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nesting and brood-rearing microhabitat in Nevada and California—Spatial variation in selection and survival patterns, 2009–16"},{"id":344629,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1087/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344630,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1087/ofr20171087.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1087"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
The distribution and abundance of pinyon (Pinus monophylla) and juniper (Juniperus osteosperma, J. occidentalis) trees (hereinafter, \"pinyon-juniper\") in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems of the Great Basin in the Western United States has increased substantially since the late 1800s. Distributional expansion and infill of pinyon-juniper into sagebrush ecosystems threatens the ecological function and economic viability of these ecosystems within the Great Basin, and is now a major contemporary challenge facing land and wildlife managers. Particularly, pinyon-juniper encroachment into intact sagebrush ecosystems has been identified as a primary threat facing populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereinafter, \"sage-grouse\"), which is a sagebrush obligate species. Even seemingly innocuous scatterings of isolated pinyon-juniper in an otherwise intact sagebrush landscape can negatively affect survival and reproduction of sage-grouse. Therefore, accurate and high-resolution maps of pinyon-juniper distribution and abundance (indexed by canopy cover) across broad geographic extents would help guide land management decisions that better target areas for pinyon-juniper removal projects (for example, fuel reduction, habitat improvement for sage-grouse, and other sagebrush species) and facilitate science that further quantifies ecological effects of pinyon-juniper encroachment on sage-grouse populations and sagebrush ecosystem processes. Hence, we mapped pinyon-juniper (referred to as conifers for actual mapping) at a 1 × 1-meter (m) high resolution across the entire range of previously mapped sage-grouse habitat in Nevada and northeastern California.
We used digital orthophoto quad tiles from National Agriculture Imagery Program (2010, 2013) as base imagery, and then classified conifers using automated feature extraction methodology with the program Feature Analyst™. This method relies on machine learning algorithms that extract features from imagery based on their spectral and spatial signatures. We classified conifers in 6,230 tiles and then tested for errors of omission and commission using confusion matrices. Accuracy ranged from 79.1 to 96.8, with an overall accuracy of 84.3 percent across all mapped areas. An estimated accuracy coefficient (kappa) indicated substantial to nearly perfect agreement, which varied across mapped areas. For this mapping process across the entire mapping extent, four sets of products are available at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7348HVC, including (1) a shapefile representing accuracy results linked to mapping subunits; (2) binary rasters representing conifer presence or absence at a 1 × 1 m resolution; (3) a 30 × 30 m resolution raster representing percentages of conifer canopy cover within each cell from 0 to 100; and (4) 1 × 1 m resolution canopy cover classification rasters derived from a 50-m-radius moving window analysis. The latter two products can be reclassified in a geographic information system (GIS) into user-specified bins to meet different objectives, which include approximations for phases of encroachment. These products complement, and in some cases improve upon, existing conifer maps in the Western United States, and will help facilitate sage-grouse habitat management and sagebrush ecosystem restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171093","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and Nevada Department of Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Gustafson, K.B., Roth, C.L., Chenaille, M.P., Ricca, M.A., Mauch, Kimberly, Sanchez-Chopitea, Erika, Kroger, T.J., Perry, W.M., and Casazza, M.L., 2017, Using object-based image analysis to conduct high-resolution conifer extraction at regional spatial scales: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1093, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171093.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 40 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088288","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344637,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7348HVC","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data for object-based high-resolution classification of conifers within greater sage-grouse habitat across Nevada and a portion of northeastern California"},{"id":344635,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1093/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344636,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1093/ofr20171093.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1093"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Population ecologists have long recognized the importance of ecological scale in understanding processes that guide observed demographic patterns for wildlife species. However, directly incorporating spatial and temporal scale into monitoring strategies that detect whether trajectories are driven by local or regional factors is challenging and rarely implemented. Identifying the appropriate scale is critical to the development of management actions that can attenuate or reverse population declines. We describe a novel example of a monitoring framework for estimating annual rates of population change for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) within a hierarchical and spatially nested structure. Specifically, we conducted Bayesian analyses on a 17-year dataset (2000–2016) of lek counts in Nevada and northeastern California to estimate annual rates of population change, and compared trends across nested spatial scales. We identified leks and larger scale populations in immediate need of management, based on the occurrence of two criteria: (1) crossing of a destabilizing threshold designed to identify significant rates of population decline at a particular nested scale; and (2) crossing of decoupling thresholds designed to identify rates of population decline at smaller scales that decouple from rates of population change at a larger spatial scale. This approach establishes how declines affected by local disturbances can be separated from those operating at larger scales (for example, broad-scale wildfire and region-wide drought). Given the threshold output from our analysis, this adaptive management framework can be implemented readily and annually to facilitate responsive and effective actions for sage-grouse populations in the Great Basin. The rules of the framework can also be modified to identify populations responding positively to management action or demonstrating strong resilience to disturbance. Similar hierarchical approaches might be beneficial for other species occupying landscapes with heterogeneous disturbance and climatic regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., Ricca, M.A., Wann, G.T., Aldridge, C.L., Hanser, S.E., Doherty, K.E., O’Donnell, M.S., Edmunds, D.R., and, Espinosa, S.P., 2017, Hierarchical population monitoring of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in Nevada and California—Identifying populations for management at the appropriate spatial scale: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1089, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171089.","productDescription":"viii, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087898","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344634,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1089/ofr20171089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1089"},{"id":344633,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1089/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Volcanic clouds composed of solid particles, volcanic gases, and related aerosols evolve from the time of eruption until the cloud constituents are removed from the atmosphere. While airborne, they have the potential to cause damage to aircraft, ranging from acute encounters that can lead to an immediate hazard to flight safety, to chronic wear on aircraft components, to benign encounters where no observable impacts occur. We highlight the evolution of cloud properties through three stages: Stage 1 (recent), through Stage 2 (intermediate), to Stage 3 (final) and comment on the current observational capabilities and challenges of detection and characterization of volcanic clouds.
","language":"English","publisher":"NATO Science & Technology Organization","usgsCitation":"Schneider, D.J., Pavolonis, M.J., and Carn, S., 2017, Volcanic cloud evolution: Characteristics, observational capabilities and challenges, p. 3-1-3-10.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3-1","endPage":"3-10","ipdsId":"IP-086538","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sto.nato.int/publications/STO%20Meeting%20Proceedings/Forms/All%20MPs.aspx?RootFolder=%2Fpublications%2FSTO%20Meeting%20Proceedings%2FSTO%2DMP%2DAVT%2D272&FolderCTID=0x0120D5200078F9E87043356C409A0D30823AFA16F602008CF184CAB7588E468F5E9FA364E05BA5&View=%7B72ED425F-C31F-451C-A545-41122BBA61A7%7D"},{"id":465613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":198601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":922219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavolonis, Michael J.","contributorId":199297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pavolonis","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":922252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carn, Simon","contributorId":344949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carn","given":"Simon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":922253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189725,"text":"sir20175022J2 - 2017 - Field-trip guide to the geologic highlights of Newberry Volcano, Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70189725,"text":"sir20175022J2 - 2017 - Field-trip guide to the geologic highlights of Newberry Volcano, Oregon","indexId":"sir20175022J2","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"chapter":"J2","title":"Field-trip guide to the geologic highlights of Newberry Volcano, Oregon"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70188710,"text":"sir20175022 - 2017 - Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States","indexId":"sir20175022","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70188710,"text":"sir20175022 - 2017 - Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States","indexId":"sir20175022","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-18T15:11:58","indexId":"sir20175022J2","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5022","chapter":"J2","title":"Field-trip guide to the geologic highlights of Newberry Volcano, Oregon","docAbstract":"Newberry Volcano and its surrounding lavas cover about 3,000 square kilometers (km2) in central Oregon. This massive, shield-shaped, composite volcano is located in the rear of the Cascades Volcanic Arc, ~60 km east of the Cascade Range crest. The volcano overlaps the northwestern corner of the Basin and Range tectonic province, known locally as the High Lava Plains, and is strongly influenced by the east-west extensional environment. Lava compositions range from basalt to rhyolite. Eruptions began about half a million years ago and built a broad composite edifice that has generated more than one caldera collapse event. At the center of the volcano is the 6- by 8-km caldera, created ~75,000 years ago when a major explosive eruption of compositionally zoned tephra led to caldera collapse, leaving the massive shield shape visible today. The volcano hosts Newberry National Volcanic Monument, which encompasses the caldera and much of the northwest rift zone where mafic eruptions occurred about 7,000 years ago. These young lava flows erupted after the volcano was mantled by the informally named Mazama ash, a blanket of volcanic ash generated by the eruption that created Crater Lake about 7,700 years ago. This field trip guide takes the visitor to a variety of easily accessible geologic sites in Newberry National Volcanic Monument, including the youngest and most spectacular lava flows. The selected sites offer an overview of the geologic story of Newberry Volcano and feature a broad range of lava compositions.
Newberry’s most recent eruption took place about 1,300 years ago in the center of the caldera and produced tephra and lava of rhyolitic composition. A significant mafic eruptive event occurred about 7,000 years ago along the northwest rift zone. This event produced lavas ranging in composition from basalt to andesite, which erupted over a distance of 35 km from south of the caldera to Lava Butte where erupted lava flowed west to temporarily block the Deschutes River. Because of Newberry Volcano’s proximity to populated areas, the presence of hot springs within the caldera, and the long and recent history of eruptive activity (including explosive activity), the U.S. Geological Survey installed monitoring equipment on the volcano. A recent geophysical study indicates the presence of magma at 3 to 5 km beneath the caldera.
The writing of this guide was prompted by a field trip to Crater Lake and Newberry Volcano organized in conjunction with the August 2017 IAVCEI quadrennial meeting in Portland, Oregon. Both field trip guides are available online. These two volcanoes were grouped in a single field trip because they are two of the few Cascades volcanoes that have generated calderas and significant related tephra deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022J2","usgsCitation":"Jensen, R.A., and Donnelly-Nolan, J.M., 2017, Field-trip guide to the geologic highlights of Newberry Volcano, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–J2, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022J2.","productDescription":"viii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088960","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344688,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/j2/sir20175022j2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022-J2"},{"id":344687,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/j2/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344960,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022J","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5022-J","description":"SIR 2017-5022-J","linkHelpText":" - Chapter J: Overview for geologic field-trip guides to Mount Mazama, Crater Lake Caldera, and Newberry Volcano, Oregon"},{"id":344961,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022J1","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5022-J1","description":"SIR 2017-5022-J1","linkHelpText":" - Chapter J1: Geologic field trip guide to Mount Mazama and Crater Lake Caldera, Oregon"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 43.305193797650546\n ],\n [\n -120.65185546875,\n 43.305193797650546\n ],\n [\n -120.65185546875,\n 44.72332018895825\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 44.72332018895825\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 43.305193797650546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
We built a population viability analysis (PVA) model to predict future population status of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus, LEPC) in four ecoregions across the species’ range. The model results will be used in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) Species Status Assessment (SSA) for the LEPC. Our stochastic projection model combined demographic rate estimates from previously published literature with demographic rate estimates that integrate the influence of climate conditions. This LEPC PVA projects declining populations with estimated population growth rates well below 1 in each ecoregion regardless of habitat or climate change. These results are consistent with estimates of LEPC population growth rates derived from other demographic process models. Although the absolute magnitude of the decline is unlikely to be as low as modeling tools indicate, several different lines of evidence suggest LEPC populations are declining.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Cummings, J.W., Converse, S.J., Moore, C.T., Smith, D.R., Nichols, C.T., Allan, N.L., and O'Meilia, C.M., 2017, A projection of lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) populations range-wide: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1071, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171071.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087040","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1071/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343048,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1071/ofr20171071.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1071"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 32.045332838858506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Leader, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
U.S. Geological Survey
Fishery Sciences Building, Box 355020
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington, 98195
The Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest and best preserved continental flood basalt province on Earth, linked in space and time with a compositionally diverse succession of volcanic rocks that partially record the apparent emergence and passage of the Yellowstone plume head through eastern Oregon during the late Cenozoic. This compositionally diverse suite of volcanic rocks are considered part of the La Grande-Owyhee eruptive axis (LOEA), an approximately 300-kilometer-long (185 mile), north-northwest-trending, middle Miocene to Pliocene volcanic belt located along the eastern margin of the Columbia River flood basalt province. Volcanic rocks erupted from and preserved within the LOEA form an important regional stratigraphic link between the (1) flood basalt-dominated Columbia Plateau on the north, (2) bimodal basalt-rhyolite vent complexes of the Owyhee Plateau on the south, (3) bimodal basalt-rhyolite and time-transgressive rhyolitic volcanic fields of the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone Plateau, and (4) the High Lava Plains of central Oregon.
This field-trip guide describes a 4-day geologic excursion that will explore the stratigraphic and geochemical relationships among mafic rocks of the Columbia River Basalt Group and coeval and compositionally diverse volcanic rocks associated with the early “Yellowstone track” and High Lava Plains in eastern Oregon. Beginning in Portland, the Day 1 log traverses the Columbia River gorge eastward to Baker City, focusing on prominent outcrops that reveal a distal succession of laterally extensive, large-volume tholeiitic flood lavas of the Grande Ronde, Wanapum, and Saddle Mountains Basalt formations of the CRBG. These “great flows” are typical of the well-studied flood basalt-dominated Columbia Plateau, where interbedded silicic and calc-alkaline lavas are conspicuously absent. The latter part of Day 1 will highlight exposures of middle to late Miocene silicic ash-flow tuffs, rhyolite domes, and calc-alkaline lava flows overlying the CRBG across the northern and central parts of the LOEA. The Day 2 field route migrates to southern parts of the LOEA, where rocks of the CRBG are associated in space and time with lesser known and more complex silicic volcanic stratigraphy associated with middle Miocene, large-volume, bimodal basalt-rhyolite vent complexes. Key stops will provide a broad overview of the structure and stratigraphy of the middle Miocene Mahogany Mountain caldera and middle to late Miocene calc-alkaline lavas of the Owyhee basalt. Stops on Day 3 will progress westward from the eastern margin of the LOEA, examining a transition linking the Columbia River Basalt-Yellowstone province with a northwestward-younging magmatic trend of silicic volcanism that underlies the High Lava Plains of eastern Oregon. Initial field stops on Day 3 will examine key outcrops demonstrating the intercalated nature of middle Miocene tholeiitic CRBG flood basalts, prominent ash-flow tuffs, and “Snake River-type” large-volume rhyolite lava flows exposed along the Malheur River. Subsequent stops on Day 3 will focus upon the volcanic stratigraphy northeast of the town of Burns, which includes regional middle to late Miocene ash-flow tuffs, and lava flows assigned to the Strawberry Volcanics. The return route to Portland on Day 4 traverses across the western axis of the Blue Mountains, highlighting exposures of the widespread, middle Miocene Dinner Creek Tuff and aspects of Picture Gorge Basalt flows and northwest-trending feeder dikes situated in the central part of the CRBG province.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022O","usgsCitation":"Ferns, M.L., Streck, M.J., and McClaughry, J.D., 2017, Field-trip guide to Columbia River flood basalts, associated rhyolites, and diverse post-plume volcanism in eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–O, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175022O.","productDescription":"xiii, 71 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076421","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344689,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/o/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/o/sir20175022o.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022-O"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basalt Group","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.56396484375,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -116.57592773437499,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -116.57592773437499,\n 46.11132565729796\n ],\n [\n -120.56396484375,\n 46.11132565729796\n ],\n [\n -120.56396484375,\n 43.03677585761058\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
The stochastic empirical loading and dilution model (SELDM) was used to demonstrate methods for estimating risks for water-quality exceedances of event-mean concentrations (EMCs) of total-copper. Monte Carlo methods were used to simulate stormflow, total-hardness, suspended-sediment, and total-copper EMCs as stochastic variables. These simulations were done for the Charles River Basin upstream of Interstate 495 in Bellingham, Massachusetts. The hydrology and water quality of this site were simulated with SELDM by using data from nearby, hydrologically similar sites. Three simulations were done to assess the potential effects of the highway on receiving-water quality with and without highway-runoff treatment by a structural best-management practice (BMP). In the low-development scenario, total copper in the receiving stream was simulated by using a sediment transport curve, sediment chemistry, and sediment-water partition coefficients. In this scenario, neither the highway runoff nor the BMP effluent caused concentration exceedances in the receiving stream that exceed the once in three-year threshold (about 0.54 percent). In the second scenario, without the highway, runoff from the large urban areas in the basin caused exceedances in the receiving stream in 2.24 percent of runoff events. In the third scenario, which included the effects of the urban runoff, neither the highway runoff nor the BMP effluent increased the percentage of exceedances in the receiving stream. Comparison of the simulated geometric mean EMCs with data collected at a downstream monitoring site indicates that these simulated values are within the 95-percent confidence interval of the geometric mean of the measured EMCs.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World environmental and water resources congress 2017: Watershed management, irrigation and drainage, and water resources planning and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017","conferenceDate":"May 21-25, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Sacremento, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1061/9780784480601.028","isbn":"978-0-7844-8060-1","usgsCitation":"Granato, G.E., and Jones, S.C., 2017, Estimating risks for water-quality exceedances of total-copper from highway and urban runoff under predevelopment and current conditions with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM), in World environmental and water resources congress 2017: Watershed management, irrigation and drainage, and water resources planning and management, Sacremento, CA, May 21-25, 2017, p. 313-327, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784480601.028.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"327","ipdsId":"IP-074316","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598c1f3ee4b09fa1cb0ffef3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dunn, Christopher N.","contributorId":195552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707424,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Weele, Brian","contributorId":176821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Weele","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707425,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":147346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Susan C. 0000-0002-5891-5209","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-5209","contributorId":64716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":34302,"text":"Federal Highway Administration (United States)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}