A key difficulty in developing accurate, science-based conceptual models for remediation of contaminated field sites is the proper accounting of multiple coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes. An example of such a difficulty is the separation of desorption and dissolution processes in releasing contaminants from sediments to groundwaters; very few studies are found in the literature that attempt to quantify contaminant release by these two processes. In this study, the results from several extraction techniques, isotopic exchange experiments, and published spectroscopic studies were combined to estimate the contributions of desorption and dissolution to U(VI) release from contaminated sediments collected from the vadose zone beneath former waste disposal ponds in the Hanford 300-Area (Washington State). Vertical profiles of sediments were collected at four locations from secondary pond surfaces down to, and slightly below, the water table. In three of the four profiles, uraniumconcentration gradients were observed in the sediments, with the highest U concentrations at the top of the profile. One of the vertical profiles contained sediments with U concentrations up to 4.2×10−7 mol g−1 (100 ppm). U(VI) release to artificial groundwater solutions (AGWs) and extracts from these high-U concentration sediments occurred primarily from dissolution of precipitated U(VI) minerals, including the mineral metatorbernite, [Cu(UO2PO4)2·8H2O]. At the bottom of this profile, beneath the water table, and in all three of the other profiles, U concentrations were <5.88×10−8 mol g−1 (14 ppm), and U(VI) release to AGWs occurred primarily due to desorption of U(VI). When reacted in batch experiments with AGWs with compositions representative of the range of chemical conditions in the underlying aquifer, all samples released U(VI) at concentrations greater than regulatory limits within few hours. A semi-mechanistic surface complexation model was developed to describe U(VI) adsorption on sediments collected from near the water table, as a function of pH, alkalinity, and Ca and U(VI) concentrations, using ranges in these variables relevant to groundwater conditions in the aquifer. Dilute (bi)carbonate solution extractions and uranium isotopic exchange methods were capable of estimating adsorbed U(VI) in samples where U(VI) release was predominantly due to U(VI) desorption; these techniques were not effective at estimating adsorbed U(VI) where U(VI) release was affected by dissolution of U(VI) minerals. The combination of extraction and isotopic exchange results, spectroscopic studies, and surface complexation modeling allow an adequate understanding for the development of a geochemical conceptual model for U(VI) release to the aquifer. The overall approach has generic value for evaluating the potential for release of metals and radionuclides from sediments that contain both precipitated and adsorbed contaminant speciation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in earth and environmental sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-9197(07)07014-0","usgsCitation":"Bond, D.L., Davis, J., and Zachara, J.M., 2007, Uranium(VI) release from contaminated vadose zone sediments: Estimation of potential contributions from dissolution and desorption, chap. 14 of Developments in earth and environmental sciences, v. 7, p. 375-416, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-9197(07)07014-0.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357046,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c09ce4b0702d0e845c2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bond, Deborah L.","contributorId":207537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, James A.","contributorId":69289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zachara, John M.","contributorId":7421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120875,"text":"70120875 - 2007 - Spatially continuous interpolation of water stage and water depths using the Everglades depth estimation network (EDEN)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T11:03:53","indexId":"70120875","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:49:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesNumber":"1521","title":"Spatially continuous interpolation of water stage and water depths using the Everglades depth estimation network (EDEN)","docAbstract":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of real-time water-level monitoring, ground-elevation modeling, and water-surface modeling that provides scientists and managers with current (2000-present), online water-stage and water-depth information for the entire freshwater portion of the Greater Everglades. Continuous daily spatial interpolations of the EDEN network stage data are presented on a 400-square-meter grid spacing. EDEN offers a consistent and documented dataset that can be used by scientists and managers to (1) guide large-scale field operations, (2) integrate hydrologic and ecological responses, and (3) support biological and ecological assessments that measure ecosystem responses to the implementation of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) The target users are biologists and ecologists examining trophic level responses to hydrodynamic changes in the Everglades.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Florida IFAS Extension","publisherLocation":"Gainesville, FL","usgsCitation":"Pearlstine, L., Higer, A., Palaseanu, M., Fujisaki, I., and Mazzotti, F., 2007, Spatially continuous interpolation of water stage and water depths using the Everglades depth estimation network (EDEN), 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292400,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw278"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.521,25.0945 ], [ -81.521,26.662 ], [ -80.174,26.662 ], [ -80.174,25.0945 ], [ -81.521,25.0945 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25feee4b033341871895b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearlstine, Leonard","contributorId":79174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearlstine","given":"Leonard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higer, Aaron","contributorId":102513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higer","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palaseanu, Monica 0000-0002-3786-5118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-5118","contributorId":91028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palaseanu","given":"Monica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":31108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank","contributorId":32609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70094914,"text":"ofr20071047SRP067 - 2007 - Influence of submarine morphology on bottom water flow across the western Ross Sea continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-25T11:02:27","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP067","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:43:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-067","title":"Influence of submarine morphology on bottom water flow across the western Ross Sea continental margin","docAbstract":"Multibeam sonar bathymetry documents a lack of significant channels crossing outer continental shelf and \nslope of the western Ross Sea. This indicates that movement of bottom water across the shelf break into the deep ocean \nin this area is mainly by laminar or sheet flow. Subtle, ~20 m deep and up to 1000 m wide channels extend down the \ncontinental slope, into tributary drainage patterns on the upper rise, and then major erosional submarine canyons. These \ndown-slope channels may have been formed by episodic pulses of rapid down slope water flow, some recorded on \nbottom current meters, or by sub-ice melt water erosion from an icesheet grounded at the margin. Narrow, mostly linear \nfurrows on the continental shelf thought to be caused by iceberg scouring are randomly oriented, have widths generally \nless than 400 m and depths less than 30m, and extend to water depths in excess of 600 m.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP067","usgsCitation":"Davey, F., and Jacobs, S., 2007, Influence of submarine morphology on bottom water flow across the western Ross Sea continental margin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-067, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP067.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP067.JPG"},{"id":282746,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp067/of2007-1047srp067.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica;Ross Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -175.59,-78.65 ], [ -175.59,-74.01 ], [ -148.95,-74.01 ], [ -148.95,-78.65 ], [ -175.59,-78.65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd628fe4b0b290850fe403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davey, F.J.","contributorId":99152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davey","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobs, S.S.","contributorId":19471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobs","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121032,"text":"70121032 - 2007 - Tampa Bay as a model estuary for examining the impact of human activities on biogeochemical processes: an introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T10:38:09","indexId":"70121032","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:26:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tampa Bay as a model estuary for examining the impact of human activities on biogeochemical processes: an introduction","docAbstract":"Tampa Bay is a shallow, Y-shaped coastal embayment that is located along the center of the Florida Platform – an expansive accumulation of Cretaceous–Tertiary shallow-water carbonates and evaporites that were periodically exposed during glacio–eustatic sea level fluctuations. As a consequence, extensive karstification likely had a controlling impact on the geologic evolution of Tampa Bay. Despite its large aerial size (∼ 1000 km2), Tampa Bay is relatively shallow (mean depth = 4 m) and its watershed (6700 km2) is among the smallest in the Gulf of Mexico. About 85% of all freshwater inflow (mean = 63 m3 s-1) to the bay is carried by four principal tributaries (Orlando et al., 1993). Groundwater makes up an important component of baseflow of these coastal streams and may also be important in delivering nutrients and other constituents to the bay proper by submarine groundwater discharge.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2006.12.009","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P.W., Baskaran, M., Henderson, C.S., and Yates, K., 2007, Tampa Bay as a model estuary for examining the impact of human activities on biogeochemical processes: an introduction: Marine Chemistry, v. 104, no. 1-2, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2006.12.009.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292525,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2006.12.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.755578,27.520902 ], [ -82.755578,27.838234 ], [ -82.449468,27.838234 ], [ -82.449468,27.520902 ], [ -82.755578,27.520902 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"104","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464d0e4b073ff773a7d6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baskaran, Mark","contributorId":87867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baskaran","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henderson, Carl S.","contributorId":30919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yates, Kim","contributorId":61755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198604,"text":"70198604 - 2007 - Accounting for tomographic resolution in estimating hydrologic properties from geophysical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T10:04:22","indexId":"70198604","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:24:34","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Accounting for tomographic resolution in estimating hydrologic properties from geophysical data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Subsurface hydrology: Data integration for properties and processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/171GM16","isbn":"978-0-87590-437-5","usgsCitation":"Singha, K., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Moysey, S., 2007, Accounting for tomographic resolution in estimating hydrologic properties from geophysical data, chap. of Subsurface hydrology: Data integration for properties and processes: Geophysical Monograph, p. 227-242, https://doi.org/10.1029/171GM16.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"242","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c09de4b0702d0e845c31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hyndman, D.W.","contributorId":83318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742127,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742128,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":201025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742129,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":201025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moysey, S.","contributorId":100153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moysey","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159680,"text":"pp1717A - 2007 - The Yellowstone hotspot, Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, and human geography","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70159680,"text":"pp1717A - 2007 - The Yellowstone hotspot, Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, and human geography","indexId":"pp1717A","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"The Yellowstone hotspot, Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, and human geography"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":80744,"text":"pp1717 - 2007 - Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","indexId":"pp1717","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":80744,"text":"pp1717 - 2007 - Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","indexId":"pp1717","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-27T21:22:23.329329","indexId":"pp1717A","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1717","chapter":"A","title":"The Yellowstone hotspot, Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, and human geography","docAbstract":"Active geologic processes associated with the Yellowstone hotspot are fundamental in shaping the landscapes of the greater Yellowstone ecosystem (GYE), a high volcanic plateau flanked by a crescent of still higher mountainous terrain. The processes associated with the Yellowstone hotspot are volcanism, faulting, and uplift and are observed in the geology at the surface. We attribute the driving forces responsible for the northeastward progression of these processes to a thermal plume rising through the Earth’s mantle into the base of the southwest-moving North American plate. This progression began 16 million years ago (Ma) near the Nevada-Oregon border and arrived at Yellowstone about 2 Ma. Before arrival of the hotspot, an older landscape existed, particularly mountains created during the Laramide orogeny about 70–50 Ma and volcanic terrain formed by Absaroka andesitic volcanism mostly between 50–45 Ma. These landscapes were more muted than the present, hotspot-modified landscape because the Laramide-age mountains had worn down and an erosion surface of low relief had developed on the Absaroka volcanic terrain.
\nThe Yellowstone Plateau was built by hotspot volcanism of rhyolitic lavas and caldera-forming rhyolite tuffs (ignimbrites). Streams eroding back into the edges of this plateau have created scenic waterfalls and canyons such as the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone and Lewis Canyon. Rhyolite is poor in plant nutrients and forms sandy, well-drained soils that support the monotonous, fire-adapted lodgepole pine forests of the Yellowstone Plateau. Non-rhyolitic rocks surround this plateau and sustain more varied vegetation, including spruce, fir, and whitebark pine forests broken by grassy meadows. Heat from the hotspot rises upward and drives Yellowstone’s famed geysers, hot springs, and mudpots. These thermal waters are home to specialized, primitive ecosystems, rich in algae and bacteria. The rock alteration associated with hydrothermal systems creates the bright colors of Yellowstone’s Grand Canyon.
\nBasin-and-range-style faulting has accompanied migration of the hotspot to Yellowstone and formed the linear mountains and valleys that occur north and south of the hotspot track, which is the present-day eastern Snake River Plain. High rates of basin-and-range faulting occurred adjacent to the migrating Yellowstone hotspot, creating distinctive landscapes within the GYE such as the Teton Range/Jackson Hole, with characteristic rugged, forested ranges and adjacent flat-floored grassy valleys. The difference in altitude between the mountains and valleys provides a topographic gradient in which vegetation maturation advances with altitude; animal-migration patterns also follow this trend. The valleys provide natural meadows, agricultural land, town sites, and corridors for roads.
\nUplift of the GYE by as much as 1 km (3,000 ft) during the last 5 million years has resulted in ongoing erosion of deep, steep-walled valleys. Many prominent ecological characteristics of Yellowstone derive from this hotspot-induced uplift, including the moderate- to high- altitude terrain and associated cool temperatures and deep snowfall.
\nModern and Pleistocene climate and associated vegetation patterns strongly relate to the topography created by the hotspot and its track along the eastern Snake River Plain. Winter air masses from the moist northern Pacific Ocean traverse the topographic low of the Snake River Plain to where orographic rise onto the Yellowstone Plateau and adjacent mountains produces deep snow. A winter precipitation shadow forms on the lee (eastern) sides of the GYE. During Pleistocene glacial times, this moisture conduit provided by the hotspot-track-produced ice-age glaciers that covered the core of the present GYE. These glaciers sculpted bedrock and produced glacial moraines that are both forested and unforested, sand and gravel of ice-marginal streams and outwash gravels that are commonly covered with sagebrush-grassland, and silty lake sediments that are commonly covered by lush grassland such as Hayden Valley.
\nThe effects of the Yellowstone hotspot also profoundly shaped the human history in the GYE. Uplift associated with the hotspot elevates the GYE to form the Continental Divide, and streams drain radially outward like spokes from a hub. Inhabitants of the GYE 12,000–10,000 years ago, as well as more recent inhabitants, followed the seasonal green-up of plants and migrating animals up into the mountain areas. During European immigration, people settled around Yellowstone in the lower parts of the drainages and established roads, irrigation systems, and cultural associations. The core Yellowstone highland is too harsh for agriculture and inhospitable to people in the winter. Beyond this core, urban and rural communities exist in valleys and are separated by upland areas. The partitioning inhibits any physical connection of communities, which in turn complicates pursuit of common interests across the whole GYE. Settlements thus geographically isolated evolved as diverse, independent communities
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area— Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem (Professional Paper 1717)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1717A","usgsCitation":"Pierce, K.L., Despain, D.G., Morgan, L.A., and Good, J.M., 2007, The Yellowstone hotspot, Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, and human geography: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1717, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1717A.","productDescription":"39 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":311432,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416466,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82965.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":311431,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1717/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 41.02135510866602\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 46.619261036171515\n ],\n [\n -107.99560546875,\n 46.619261036171515\n ],\n [\n -107.99560546875,\n 41.02135510866602\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 41.02135510866602\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564c5deae4b0ebfbef0d3499","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Morgan Morzel, Lisa Ann lmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan Morzel","given":"Lisa Ann","email":"lmorgan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580058,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Despain, Don G.","contributorId":31147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Despain","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, Lisa A.","contributorId":66300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Good, John M.","contributorId":69886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Good","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70120856,"text":"70120856 - 2007 - Southern California Bight 2003 Regional Monitoring Program: V. water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T10:13:14","indexId":"70120856","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"528","title":"Southern California Bight 2003 Regional Monitoring Program: V. water quality","docAbstract":"More than $30 million is expended annually on environmental monitoring in the Southern California Bight (SCB), yet only 5% of the Bight is monitored on an ongoing basis. Therefore, environmental managers in the SCB decided to expand their monitoring program and, starting in 1994, decided to conduct periodic regional assessments of ecosystem condition and assess the overall health of the SCB. Sixty-five different organizations collaborated in 2003 to create the third SCB Regional Monitoring Program (Bight '03). Bight '03 was designed to be integrated regional monitoring program that encompasses regulatory, academic, and non-governmental agencies.
\nBight '03 had three components: Coastal Ecology, Shoreline Microbiology, and Water Quality. This report addresses the purpose, approach, findings, and recommendations from the Water Quality component, which focused on contamination-laden stormwater runoff, in particularly its variability in time and space as well as its short-term ecological impacts.
\nSpecifically, the Bight '03 Water Quality component had three primary goals, the first of which was to described the temporal evolution of stormwater plumes produced by the major southern California rivers. Specifically, the study was intended to determine how far offshore the plumes extended, how rapidly they advected, how long before the plumes dispersed and how these properties differed among storms and river systems.
\nThe second goal was to describe how the physical properties (e.g., turbidity, temperature, salinity) of the plume related to biogeochemical and ecological properties that are of more direct concern to the water quality management community. Accomplished primarily through ship-based sampling of water quality parameters, this second goal was to describe how far offshore, and for how ;long after the storm, elevated bacterial concentrations, toxicity, and nutrients could be detected. Similar to the fist goal, the study also addressed how these answers differed among storms and river systems.
\nThe final goal was to determine whether relationships between environmental indicators derived from coincident satellite remote sensing and in situ data sets are sufficiently robust for remote sensing to become a routine water quality monitoring programs. Remote sensing data potentially provide coastal managers with synoptic near-real time regional information about prevailing ocean conditions and hazards that would complement existing field-based sampling protocols, but only if there is a thorough understanding of how to interpret and utilize the proxy measures, such as ocean color. The understanding of these priorities through Bight '03 sampling is intended to provide the basis for developing more efficient, widespread and coast-effective coastal ocean monitoring techniques.
\nWater quality data were collected across eight major river systems within four geographic regions of southern California. Field measurements included the primary contaminants of interest, i.e., bacterial concentrations, water toxicity, and nutrients, as well as related parameters such as temperatures, salinity, total suspended solids, transmissivity, chlorophyll, and colored dissolved organic material (CDOM) concentrations. For each of the four major regions, i.e., Santa Clara/Ventura Rivers, Ballona Creek/Santa Monica Bay, San Pedro Shelf, and the San Diego, Tijuana Rivers, two stormwater events were sampled for up to three days by ship resulting in 574 water column CTD+ profiles and 705 discrete water samples during 36 ship-days. These data were analyzed in combination with MODIS ocean color satellite remote sensing, buoy meteorological observations, drifters, and HF radar current measurements to evaluate the dispersal patterns, dynamics, and impacts of the freshwater runoff plumes.
\nBased on these data and resulting analyses, the principal conclusions were as follow:
\n- Stormwater runoff turbidity plumes were found to be spatially extensive, covering up to 2500 km2 within the Southern California Bight nearshore zone, and persisting over the entire duration of the post-storm sampling period (at least 3 days).
\n- The spatial and temporal extent of the portion of the plume with contaminants was far less than that of the turbidity plume, typically representing <10% of its area (30-70% off Tijuana); however, with contaminant impacts generally greatly reduced or absent by the third or fourth day of sampling
\n- Pseudo-nitzschia, a harmful algae that produces domoic acid, was found to be more abundant than previously reported.
\n- Accurately describing stormwater runoff plumes requires a combination of in situ and remote sensing assessment tools, with satellite data providing valuable synoptic information.
\nFrom these conclusions, the following recommendations are provided:
\n- Future studies designed to describe stormwater plumes should include a combination of ship - and remote sensing-based methods.
\n- CDOM is a good proxy of the freshwater runoff plume and should be added as a standard measurement parameter on water quality instrument packages.
\n- Investigations are needed that assess on a local basis the spatial extent of ecological effects of stormwater plumes early in the storm, ideally accompanied by airborne imagery to provide improved temporal & spatial resolution, to fill in knowledge gaps.
\nThe next Bight regional monitoring program should focus on quantifying nutrient loadings and dynamics in association with stormwater runoff and other sources, and characterize their attendant ecosystem impacts such as phytoplankton blooms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southern California Coastal Water Research Project","publisherLocation":"Coasta Mesa, CA","usgsCitation":"Nezlin, N.P., DiGiacomo, P.M., Weisberg, S., Diehl, D.W., Warrick, J., Mengel, M.J., Jones, B.H., Reifel, K.M., Johnson, S.C., Ohlmann, J., Washburn, L., and Terrill, E.J., 2007, Southern California Bight 2003 Regional Monitoring Program: V. water quality: Technical Report 528, xiv, 157 p.","productDescription":"xiv, 157 p.","numberOfPages":"184","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.5,32.75 ], [ -120.5,34.25 ], [ -117.0,34.25 ], [ -117.0,32.75 ], [ -120.5,32.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25feee4b0333418718959","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nezlin, Nikolay P.","contributorId":84285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nezlin","given":"Nikolay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiacomo, Paul M.","contributorId":19097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weisberg, Stephen B.","contributorId":11110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"Stephen B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diehl, Dario W.","contributorId":44476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Dario","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":48255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mengel, Michael J.","contributorId":41356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mengel","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Burton H.","contributorId":107213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Burton","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reifel, Kristen M.","contributorId":86276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reifel","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Scott C.","contributorId":19492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ohlmann, J. Carter","contributorId":85522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlmann","given":"J. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Washburn, Libe","contributorId":96609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Washburn","given":"Libe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Terrill, Eric J.","contributorId":96610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrill","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70121022,"text":"70121022 - 2007 - Integrating hydrologic and geophysical data to constrain coastal surficial aquifer processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T11:32:59","indexId":"70121022","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T09:29:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Integrating hydrologic and geophysical data to constrain coastal surficial aquifer processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales","docAbstract":"Since 1997, repeated, coincident geophysical surveys and extensive hydrologic studies in shallow monitoring wells have been used to study static and dynamic processes associated with surface water-groundwater interaction at a range of spatial scales at the estuarine and ocean boundaries of an undeveloped, permeable barrier island in the Georgia part of the U.S. South Atlantic Bight. Because geophysical and hydrologic data measure different parameters, at different resolution and precision, and over vastly different spatial scales, reconciling the coincident data or even combining complementary inversion, hydrogeochemcial analyses and well-based groundwater monitoring, and, in some cases, limited vegetation mapping to demonstrate the utility of an integrative, multidisciplinary approach for elucidating groundwater processes at spatial scales (tens to thousands of meters) that are often difficult to capture with traditional hydrologic approaches. The case studies highlight regional aquifer characteristics, varying degrees of lateral saltwater intrusion at estuarine boundaries, complex subsurface salinity gradients at the ocean boundary, and imaging of submarsh groundwater discharge and possible free convection in the pore waters of a clastic marsh. This study also documents the use of geophysical techniques for detecting temporal changes in groundwater salinity regimes under natural (not forced) gradients at intratidal to interannual (1998-200 Southeastern U.S.A. drought) time scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Subsurface hydrology: Data integration for properties and processes","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1029/171GM13","isbn":"9781118666463","usgsCitation":"Schultz, G.M., Ruppel, C., and Fulton, P., 2007, Integrating hydrologic and geophysical data to constrain coastal surficial aquifer processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales, chap. of Subsurface hydrology: Data integration for properties and processes, v. 171, p. 161-182, https://doi.org/10.1029/171GM13.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"182","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464cce4b073ff773a7d1c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hyndman, David W.","contributorId":7868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709623,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709624,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singha, Kamini 0000-0002-0605-3774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0605-3774","contributorId":191366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"Kamini","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709625,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, Gregory M.","contributorId":9582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35646,"text":"Sky Research, Inc., Hanover, NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn cruppel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, Patrick","contributorId":34832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047556,"text":"ds69J7 - 2007 - Distribution of fluids and pressures in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas resources in the Wind River Basin Province, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-12T09:34:54","indexId":"ds69J7","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T09:27:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-J-7","title":"Distribution of fluids and pressures in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas resources in the Wind River Basin Province, Wyoming","docAbstract":"To examine the state of hydrocarbons and water in the\nWind River Basin of Wyoming, the following data types\nare compiled and presented at the basin scale: fluid type,\npressure, and temperature from drillstem tests; watersalinity\nand cumulative hydrocarbon production from oil and gas\nwells; vitrinite reflectance data; and sonic well logs. The\nspatial distribution of produced fluids shows the nearly\nubiquitous presence of mobile water, even in highly productive\ngas-charged formations. Sonic logs record a basin wide\nvelocity decrease in the Lower Cretaceous Thermopolis Shale\nthrough the Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale that is attributed\nto a combination of paleo-overpressuring and present-day\noverpressuring. Pressure-elevation plots and mud weights\nreveal the presence of two large pressure compartments in\nthe Madden area, one above the Waltman Shale Member of\nthe Paleocene Fort Union Formation and the other below it.\nTemperature data reveal hot and cold spots around structures\nin the marginal parts of the basin where the Waltman Shale\nMember of the Fort Union Formation is absent. The highest\ntemperature gradients are in the upper pressure compartment\nin the Madden area. Vitrinite reflectance data record little\nchange with increasing depth throughout much of the geologic\nsection in shallow parts of the basin and a steady increase\nof log (Ro\n) with depth in the deep parts of the basin. The\nvaried distribution of fluids, pressure, and temperature reflect\nthe complex history of subsidence, thrusting, hydrocarbon\ngeneration, water migration, and uplift in and marginal to this\nlarge, asymmetric intermontane basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas resources in the Wind River Basin Province, Wyoming (Data Series 69-J)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds69J7","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas resources in the Wind River Basin Province, Wyoming. For more information, see: Data Series 69-J.","usgsCitation":"Nelson, P.H., and Kibler, J.E., 2007, Distribution of fluids and pressures in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: Chapter 7 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas resources in the Wind River Basin Province, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-J-7, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69J7.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[{"id":674,"text":"Wind River Basin Province Assessment Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds69j7.png"},{"id":276299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-j/REPORTS/69_J_CH_7.pdf"},{"id":276300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-j/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.1,42.0 ], [ -110.1,44.0 ], [ -106.0,44.0 ], [ -106.0,42.0 ], [ -110.1,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520a03e6e4b0026c2bc11af8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kibler, Joyce E.","contributorId":56293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kibler","given":"Joyce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70104176,"text":"70104176 - 2007 - Pesticides in U.S. streams and groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-14T11:58:34","indexId":"70104176","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T09:26:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides in U.S. streams and groundwater","docAbstract":"
A 10-year study by the U.S. Geological \nSurvey’s (USGS’s) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program provides a national-scale view of pesticide \noccurrence in streams and groundwater. The 1992-2001 study builds upon a preliminary \nanalysis from NAWQA’s first phase of studies during \n1992-1996 (1, 2). Pesticide data available from various studies prior to 1992 did not allow national assessment because of limited and variable geographic \ncoverage (usually focusing on individual states or \nregions), sparse and inconsistent inclusion of pesticides in use, and variable sampling designs (3-5).
\nThe expanded geographic coverage and improved \ndata following 10 years of study (Figure 1) confirm \nand reinforce previously reported findings and \nenable more detailed analyses of each topic. This \narticle summarizes selected findings from a comprehensive report (6), with a focus on the nature of \npesticide occurrence and potential significance to \nhuman health and stream ecosystems. Information \non study design and methods as well as additional \nanalysis of geographic patterns and trends in relation to use and management practices are available \nin the full report (6).
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es072531u","usgsCitation":"Gilliom, R.J., 2007, Pesticides in U.S. streams and groundwater: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 10, p. 3408-3414, https://doi.org/10.1021/es072531u.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3408","endPage":"3414","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287127,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es072531u"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53749070e4b0870f4d23cfc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199120,"text":"70199120 - 2007 - Transport of microorganisms in the terrestrial subsurface: In situ and laboratory methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T08:03:36","indexId":"70199120","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T08:00:43","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"70","title":"Transport of microorganisms in the terrestrial subsurface: In situ and laboratory methods","docAbstract":"This chapter describes and discusses laboratory and field techniques for studying microbial transport behavior in aquifer materials and model porous media. Changes in ionic strength (I) during transport studies may occur inadvertently as a result of using halides as conservative tracers and may lead to density-induced sinking of the tracer cloud. Substantive increases in I as a result of injection of high concentrations of halide tracers can also result in overestimations of microbial attachment. In order to differentiate \"test\" microorganisms from indigenous subsurface populations and/or from other inadvertently introduced populations, microorganisms used in laboratory or in situ transport tests are typically labeled a priori with a stable tag. Other methods of labeling microorganisms for use in in situ and column transport studies have involved the use of stable isotopes ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The characteristics of the conservative tracer breakthrough curve can then be used comparatively to determine some of the major transport parameters exhibited by the introduced microorganisms. Most controlled field investigations of subsurface microbial transport are conducted on limited spatial scales relative to the scales of interest to those concerned with pathogen transport to water supply wells, with microbially enhanced oil recovery from petroleum reservoirs, and with the feasibility of using introduced bacteria for aquifer restoration.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of environmental microbiology","language":"English","publisher":"ASM Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1128/9781555815882.ch70","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., Harms, H., and Landkamer, L.L., 2007, Transport of microorganisms in the terrestrial subsurface: In situ and laboratory methods, chap. 70 of Manual of environmental microbiology, p. 872-897, https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555815882.ch70.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"872","endPage":"897","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c09de4b0702d0e845c37","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hurst, C. J.","contributorId":206942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurst","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744188,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, R.","contributorId":175434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crawford","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744189,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garland, J.","contributorId":100268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garland","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744190,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lipson, D.A.","contributorId":207564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744191,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, A.","contributorId":33085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744192,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stetzenbach, L.D.","contributorId":207563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stetzenbach","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744193,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6}],"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harms, Hauke","contributorId":207565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Hauke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landkamer, Lee L.","contributorId":65679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landkamer","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199117,"text":"70199117 - 2007 - Monitoring and evaluating trends in sediment and water indicators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T07:35:36","indexId":"70199117","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T07:26:23","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3","title":"Monitoring and evaluating trends in sediment and water indicators","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem responses to mercury contamination: Indicators of change","language":"English","publisher":"CRC","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","issn":"9780849388927","usgsCitation":"Krabbenhoft, D.P., Engstrom, D., Gilmour, C., Harris, R., Hurley, J., and Mason, R., 2007, Monitoring and evaluating trends in sediment and water indicators, chap. 3 of Ecosystem responses to mercury contamination: Indicators of change, p. 47-82.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c09ee4b0702d0e845c3b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Harris, R. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":13382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744169,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744170,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, R.","contributorId":11439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744171,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, M.","contributorId":89960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744172,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reash, R.J.","contributorId":68077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reash","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744173,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Saltman, T.","contributorId":207562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saltman","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744174,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6}],"authors":[{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engstrom, D.R.","contributorId":88496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engstrom","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmour, C.","contributorId":62382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmour","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, R. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":13382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hurley, J.P.","contributorId":97645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mason, R.P.","contributorId":61989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029934,"text":"70029934 - 2007 - The kelp highway hypothesis: Marine ecology, the coastal migration theory, and the peopling of the Americas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-01T12:16:18.60263","indexId":"70029934","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2363,"text":"Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The kelp highway hypothesis: Marine ecology, the coastal migration theory, and the peopling of the Americas","docAbstract":"In this article, a collaborative effort between archaeologists and marine ecologists, we discuss the role kelp forest ecosystems may have played in facilitating the movement of maritime peoples from Asia to the Americas near the end of the Pleistocene. Growing in cool nearshore waters along rocky coastlines, kelp forests offer some of the most productive habitats on earth, with high primary productivity, magnified secondary productivity, and three-dimensional habitat supporting a diverse array of marine organisms. Today, extensive kelp forests are found around the North Pacific from Japan to Baja California. After a break in the tropics—where nearshore mangrove forests and coral reefs are highly productive—kelp forests are also found along the Andean Coast of South America. These Pacific Rim kelp forests support or shelter a wealth of shellfish, fish, marine mammals, seabirds, and seaweeds, resources heavily used historically by coastal peoples. By about 16,000 years ago, the North Pacific Coast offered a linear migration route, essentially unobstructed and entirely at sea level, from northeast Asia into the Americas. Recent reconstructions suggest that rising sea levels early in the postglacial created a highly convoluted and island-rich coast along Beringia's southern shore, conditions highly favorable to maritime hunter-gatherers. Along with the terrestrial resources available in adjacent landscapes, kelp forests and other nearshore habitats sheltered similar suites of food resources that required minimal adaptive adjustments for migrating coastal peoples. With reduced wave energy, holdfasts for boats, and productive fishing, these linear kelp forest ecosystems may have provided a kind of “kelp highway” for early maritime peoples colonizing the New World.
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
Mirror Lake Site
Fractures and Geologic Mapping
Hydraulic Properties of Fractured Rock From Meters to Kilometers
Chemical Migration in Fractured Rock
Fracture Controls on Ground‐Water Flow and Chemical Transport at the Mirror Lake Site
Summary
This report presents a review of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 2007 assessment of the undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata underlying the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and state waters. Geochemical, geologic, geophysical, thermal maturation, burial history, and paleontologic studies have been combined with regional cross sections and data from previous USGS petroleum assessments have helped to define the major petroleum systems and assessment units. Accumulations of both conventional oil and gas and continuous coal-bed gas within these petroleum systems have been digitally mapped and evaluated, and undiscovered resources have been assessed following USGS methodology.
The primary source intervals for oil and gas in Paleogene (and Cenozoic) reservoirs are coal and shale rich in organic matter within the Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene) and Sparta Formation of the Claiborne Group (Eocene); in addition, Cretaceous and Jurassic source rocks probably have contributed substantial petroleum to Paleogene (and Cenozoic) reservoirs.
For the purposes of the assessment, Paleogene strata have divided into the following four stratigraphic study intervals: (1) Wilcox Group (including the Midway Group and the basal Carrizo Sand of the Claiborne Group; Paleocene-Eocene); (2) Claiborne Group (Eocene); (3) Jackson and Vicksburg Groups (Eocene-Oligocene); and (4) the Frio-Anahuac Formations (Oligocene). Recent discoveries of coal-bed gas in Paleocene strata confirm a new petroleum system that was not recognized in previous USGS assessments. In total, 26 conventional Paleogene assessment units are defined. In addition, four Cretaceous-Paleogene continuous (coal-bed gas) assessment units are included in this report. Initial results of the assessment will be released as USGS Fact Sheets (not available at the time of this writing).
Comprehensive reports for each assessment unit are planned to be released via the internet and distributed on CD-ROMs within the next year.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"27th Annual Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation Bob F. Perkins Research Conference","conferenceDate":"December 2-5, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Houston, TX","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.5724/gcs.07.27.0002","isbn":"978-0-9836096-3-6","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Coleman, J.L., Hackley, P.C., Hayba, D.O., Karlsen, A.W., Rowan, E.L., and Swanson, S.M., 2007, USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters, in The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems, v. 27, Houston, TX, December 2-5, 2007, p. 2-44, https://doi.org/10.5724/gcs.07.27.0002.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-006895","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Gulf Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 24.327076540018634\n ],\n [\n -79.541015625,\n 24.327076540018634\n ],\n [\n -79.541015625,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 24.327076540018634\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd20e4b00f54eb20c594","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kennan, Lorcan","contributorId":102036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennan","given":"Lorcan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726761,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pindell, James","contributorId":86137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pindell","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726762,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosen, Norman C.","contributorId":40565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosen","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726770,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, James L. jlcoleman@usgs.gov","contributorId":141060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"James","email":"jlcoleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayba, Daniel O. 0000-0003-4092-1894 dhayba@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-1894","contributorId":396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayba","given":"Daniel","email":"dhayba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":726766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karlsen, Alexander W.","contributorId":105382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlsen","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rowan, Elisabeth L. 0000-0001-5753-6189 erowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-6189","contributorId":2075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Elisabeth","email":"erowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Swanson, Sharon M. 0000-0002-4235-1736 smswanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1736","contributorId":590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Sharon","email":"smswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70195420,"text":"70195420 - 2007 - USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T14:24:17","indexId":"70195420","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"27","title":"USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units","docAbstract":"The Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations were examined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of an assessment of technically recoverable undiscovered conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources in Paleogene and Neogene strata underlying the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and state waters. Work included the identification of structural, stratigraphic, and tectonic relations between petroleum source rocks and migration pathways to Frio and Anahuac reservoirs; preliminary evaluation of the potential for shallow (less than 3,000 ft) biogenic gas accumulations; and evaluation of the potential for deep, undiscovered gas and oil accumulations in slope and basin floor areas. All assessments were conducted using USGS methodology (http://energy.cr.usgs.gov/oilgas/noga/methodology.html). Final products from the USGS assessment of the Paleogene and Neogene were reported in USGS fact sheets (Dubiel et al., 2007; Warwick et al., 2007).
Five assessment units for the Frio Formation were defined, and three of these were based on the character of the reservoirs in relation to growth faults and other related factors: (1) the Frio stable shelf oil and gas assessment unit, which contains thin (average thickness of 34 ft) and shallow reservoirs (average depth of 4,834 ft); (2) the Frio expanded fault zone oil and gas assessment unit, which contains thick (average thickness of 56 ft) and deep reservoirs (average depth of 9,050 ft) in over-pressured intervals; and (3) the Frio slope and basin floor gas assessment unit, which has potential for deep gas (greater than 15,000 ft) and extends from the downdip boundary of the expanded fault zone to the offshore State/Federal water boundary. The fourth Frio assessment unit is the Hackberry oil and gas assessment unit. The Hackberry embayment of southeast Texas and southwest Louisiana consists of a slope facies in the middle part of the Frio Formation. The fifth unit, the Frio basin margin assessment unit, extends from the updip boundary of the Frio stable shelf oil and gas assessment unit to the outcrop of the Frio. Because the basin margin unit has no production data and little potential for biogenic gas, it was not assessed; however, a description of this unit will be included in the final assessment report. An assessment unit also was defined for the Anahuac Formation, a major transgressive unit overlying the Frio.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"27th Annual Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation Bob F. Perkins Research Conference","conferenceDate":"December 2-5, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Houston, TX","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.5724/gcs.07.27.0341","isbn":"978-0-9836096-3-6","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.M., Karlsen, A.W., and Warwick, P.D., 2007, USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units, in The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems, v. 27, Houston, TX, December 2-5, 2007, p. 395-420, https://doi.org/10.5724/gcs.07.27.0341.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"420","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":351665,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gcssepm.org/conference/2007_conference.htm"},{"id":351587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","volume":"27","tableOfContents":"Created wetlands are increasingly used to mitigate wetland loss. Thus, identifying wetland creation methods that enhance ecosystem development might increase the likelihood of mitigation success. Noting that the microtopographic variation found in natural wetland settings may not commonly be found in created wetlands, this study explores relationships between induced microtopography, hydrology, and plant species richness/diversity in non-tidal freshwater wetlands, comparing results from two created wetland complexes with those from a mature reference wetland complex in northern Virginia. Elevation, steel rod oxidation depth, and species cover were measured along replicate multiscale (0.5 m-, 1 m-, 2 m-, and 4 m-diameter) tangentially conjoined circular transects in each wetland. Microtopography was surveyed using a total station and results used to derive three roughness indices: tortuosity, limiting slope, and limiting elevation difference. Steel rod oxidation depth was used to estimate water table depth, with data collected four times during the growing season for each study site. Plant species cover was estimated visually in 0.2 m2 plots surveyed at peak growth and used to assess species richness, diversity, and wetland prevalence index. Differences in each attribute were examined among disked and non-disked created wetlands and compared to a natural wetland as a reference. Disked and non-disked created wetlands differed in microtopography, both in terms of limiting elevation difference and tortuosity. However, both were within the range of microtopography encompassed by natural wetlands. Disked wetlands supported higher plant diversity and species richness than either natural or non-disked wetlands, as well as greater within-site species assemblage variability than non-disked wetlands. Irrespective of creation method, plant diversity in created wetlands was correlated with tortuosity and limiting elevation difference, similar to correlations observed for natural wetlands. Vegetation was more hydrophytic at disked sites than at non-disked sites, and of equivalent wetland indicator status to natural sites, even though all sites appeared comparable in terms of hydrology. Results suggest that disking may enhance vegetation community development, thus better supporting the goals of wetland mitigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[1081:COMAII]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Moser, K., Ahn, C., and Noe, G.E., 2007, Characterization of microtopography and its influence on vegetation patterns in created wetlands: Wetlands, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1081-1097, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[1081:COMAII]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1097","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 38.656560576727024\n ],\n [\n -76.9097900390625,\n 38.656560576727024\n ],\n [\n -76.9097900390625,\n 39.05651736286005\n ],\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 39.05651736286005\n ],\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 38.656560576727024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4d1e4b0c8380cd4bf42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moser, K.","contributorId":63607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahn, C.","contributorId":22589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahn","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032956,"text":"70032956 - 2007 - Plumbing the global carbon cycle: Integrating inland waters into the terrestrial carbon budget","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:37:04","indexId":"70032956","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plumbing the global carbon cycle: Integrating inland waters into the terrestrial carbon budget","docAbstract":"Because freshwater covers such a small fraction of the Earth's surface area, inland freshwater ecosystems (particularly lakes, rivers, and reservoirs) have rarely been considered as potentially important quantitative components of the carbon cycle at either global or regional scales. By taking published estimates of gas exchange, sediment accumulation, and carbon transport for a variety of aquatic systems, we have constructed a budget for the role of inland water ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. Our analysis conservatively estimates that inland waters annually receive, from a combination of background and anthropogenically altered sources, on the order of 1.9 Pg C y-1 from the terrestrial landscape, of which about 0.2 is buried in aquatic sediments, at least 0.8 (possibly much more) is returned to the atmosphere as gas exchange while the remaining 0.9 Pg y-1 is delivered to the oceans, roughly equally as inorganic and organic carbon. Thus, roughly twice as much C enters inland aquatic systems from land as is exported from land to the sea. Over prolonged time net carbon fluxes in aquatic systems tend to be greater per unit area than in much of the surrounding land. Although their area is small, these freshwater aquatic systems can affect regional C balances. Further, the inclusion of inland, freshwater ecosystems provides useful insight about the storage, oxidation and transport of terrestrial C, and may warrant a revision of how the modern net C sink on land is described. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10021-006-9013-8","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Cole, J.J., Prairie, Y., Caraco, N., McDowell, W.H., Tranvik, L., Striegl, R.G., Duarte, C., Kortelainen, P., Downing, J.A., Middelburg, J.J., and Melack, J., 2007, Plumbing the global carbon cycle: Integrating inland waters into the terrestrial carbon budget: Ecosystems, v. 10, no. 1, p. 171-184, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-006-9013-8.","startPage":"171","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477031,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.177.3527","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213234,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-006-9013-8"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c91e4b0c8380cd79a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, J. J.","contributorId":25746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prairie, Y.T.","contributorId":72191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prairie","given":"Y.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caraco, N.F.","contributorId":47150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caraco","given":"N.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDowell, W. H.","contributorId":88532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tranvik, L.J.","contributorId":82912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tranvik","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Duarte, C.M.","contributorId":64017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duarte","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kortelainen, Pirkko","contributorId":43130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kortelainen","given":"Pirkko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Downing, J. A.","contributorId":100466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Middelburg, J. J.","contributorId":105417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middelburg","given":"J.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Melack, J.","contributorId":35453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melack","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70174202,"text":"70174202 - 2007 - Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T12:43:14","indexId":"70174202","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers","docAbstract":"Weirs—which function as porous barriers built across stream—have long been used to capture migrating fish in flowing waters. For example, the Netsilik peoples of northern Canada used V-shaped weirs constructed of river rocks gathered onsite to capture migrating Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Balikci 1970). Similarly, fences constructed of stakes and a latticework of willow branches or staves were used by Native Americans to capture migrating salmon in streams along the West Coast of North America (Stewart 1994). In modern times, weirs have also been used in terminal fisheries and to capture brood fish for use in fish culture. Weirs have been used to gather data on age structure, condition, sex ratio, spawning escapement, abundance, and migratory patterns of fish in streams. One of the critical elements of fisheries management and stock assessment of salmonids is a count of adult fish returning to spawn. Weirs are frequently used to capture or count fish to determine status and trends of populations or direct inseason management of fisheries; generally, weirs are the standard against which other techniques are measured. To evaluate fishery management actions, the number of fish escaping to spawn is often compared to river-specific target spawning requirements (O’Connell and Dempson 1995). A critical factor in these analyses is the determination of total run size (O’Connell 2003). O’Connell compared methods of run-size estimation against absolute counts from a rigid weir and concluded that, given the uncertainty of estimators, the absolute counts obtained at the weir wer significantly better than modeled estimates, which deviated as much as 50–60% from actual counts. The use of weirs is generally restricted to streams and small rivers because of construction expense, formation of navigation barriers, and the tendency of weirs to clog with debris, which can cause flooding and collapse of the structure (Hubert 1996). When feasible, however, weirs are generally regarded as the most accurate technique available to quantify escapement as the result is supposedly an absolute count (Cousens et al. 1982). Weirs also provide the opportunity to capture fish for observation and sampling of biological characteristics and tissues; they may also serve as recapture sites for basin-wide, mark–recapture population estimates. Temporary weirs are useful in monitoring wild populations of salmonids as well as for capturing broodstock for artificial propagation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":14,"text":"Instruction"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"978-1-888569-92-6","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, C.E., and Zabkar, L.M., 2007, Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers, chap. of Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations., p. 385-398.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"398","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f315e4b07dd077c6aef5","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Johnson, David H.","contributorId":172563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641267,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrier, Brianna M.","contributorId":172557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrier","given":"Brianna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641268,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neal, Jennifer S.","contributorId":147875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641269,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knutzen, John A.","contributorId":172558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutzen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641270,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":4},{"text":"Augerot, Xanthippe","contributorId":172559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augerot","given":"Xanthippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641271,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neal, Thomas A.","contributorId":172560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641272,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pearsons, Todd N.","contributorId":95345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearsons","given":"Todd N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641273,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zabkar, Laura M.","contributorId":172562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zabkar","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033218,"text":"70033218 - 2007 - Spawning distribution of sockeye salmon in a glacially influenced watershed: The importance of glacial habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033218","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spawning distribution of sockeye salmon in a glacially influenced watershed: The importance of glacial habitats","docAbstract":"The spawning distribution of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka was compared between clear and glacially turbid habitats in Lake Clark, Alaska, with the use of radiotelemetry. Tracking of 241 adult sockeye salmon to 27 spawning locations revealed both essential habitats and the relationship between spawn timing and seasonal turbidity cycles. Sixty-six percent of radio-tagged sockeye salmon spawned in turbid waters (???5 nephelometric turbidity units) where visual observation was difficult. Spawning in turbid habitats coincided with seasonal temperature declines and associated declines in turbidity and suspended sediment concentration. Because spawn timing is heritable and influenced by temperature, the observed behavior suggests an adaptive response to glacier-fed habitats, as it would reduce embryonic exposure to the adverse effects of fine sediments. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-321.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Young, D.B., and Woody, C., 2007, Spawning distribution of sockeye salmon in a glacially influenced watershed: The importance of glacial habitats: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 2, p. 452-459, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-321.1.","startPage":"452","endPage":"459","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213130,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-321.1"}],"volume":"136","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94d4e4b08c986b31ac73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Daniel","contributorId":58468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":35763,"text":"National Park Service, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Port Alsworth, AK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":439878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woody, C.A.","contributorId":99211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woody","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030183,"text":"70030183 - 2007 - A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030183","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes","docAbstract":"A classification of U.S. estuaries is presented based on estuarine characteristics that have been identified as important for quantifying stressor-response relationships in coastal systems. Estuaries within a class have similar physical and hydrologic characteristics and would be expected to demonstrate similar biological responses to stressor loads from the adjacent watersheds. Nine classes of estuaries were identified by applying cluster analysis to a database for 138 U.S. estuarine drainage areas. The database included physical measures of estuarine areas, depth and volume, as well as hydrologic parameters (i.e., tide height, tidal prism volume, freshwater inflow rates, salinity, and temperature). The ability of an estuary to dilute or flush pollutants can be estimated using physical and hydrologic properties such as volume, bathymetry, freshwater inflow and tidal exchange rates which influence residence time and affect pollutant loading rates. Thus, physical and hydrologic characteristics can be used to estimate the susceptibility of estuaries to pollutant effects. This classification of estuaries can be used by natural resource managers to describe and inventory coastal systems, understand stressor impacts, predict which systems are most sensitive to stressors, and manage and protect coastal resources. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Engle, V., Kurtz, J., Smith, L., Chancy, C., and Bourgeois, P., 2007, A classification of U.S. estuaries based on physical and hydrologic attributes: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 129, no. 1-3, p. 397-412, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9.","startPage":"397","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211995,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9372-9"},{"id":239392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e342e4b0c8380cd45ef6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, V.D.","contributorId":15562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"V.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurtz, J.C.","contributorId":63616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.M.","contributorId":82650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chancy, C.","contributorId":72202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chancy","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bourgeois, P.","contributorId":94498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourgeois","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030182,"text":"70030182 - 2007 - Errors in acoustic doppler profiler velocity measurements caused by flow disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030182","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Errors in acoustic doppler profiler velocity measurements caused by flow disturbance","docAbstract":"Acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) are commonly used to measure streamflow and water velocities in rivers and streams. This paper presents laboratory, field, and numerical model evidence of errors in ADCP measurements caused by flow disturbance. A state-of-the-art three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic model is validated with and used to complement field and laboratory observations of flow disturbance and its effect on measured velocities. Results show that near the instrument, flow velocities measured by the ADCP are neither the undisturbed stream velocity nor the velocity of the flow field around the ADCP. The velocities measured by the ADCP are biased low due to the downward flow near the upstream face of the ADCP and upward recovering flow in the path of downstream transducer, which violate the flow homogeneity assumption used to transform beam velocities into Cartesian velocity components. The magnitude of the bias is dependent on the deployment configuration, the diameter of the instrument, and the approach velocity, and was observed to range from more than 25% at 5cm from the transducers to less than 1% at about 50cm from the transducers for the scenarios simulated. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:12(1411)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.S., Abad, J., Garcia, C., Gartner, J.W., Garcia, M., and Oberg, K.A., 2007, Errors in acoustic doppler profiler velocity measurements caused by flow disturbance: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 133, no. 12, p. 1411-1420, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:12(1411).","startPage":"1411","endPage":"1420","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211968,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:12(1411)"},{"id":239361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a4ae4b0c8380cd522b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, D. S.","contributorId":51338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abad, J.D.","contributorId":66064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abad","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, C.M.","contributorId":84159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, M.H.","contributorId":45079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oberg, K. A.","contributorId":67553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030178,"text":"70030178 - 2007 - Quantitative mineralogy of surface sediments of the Iceland shelf, and application to down-core studies of holocene ice-rafted sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030178","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative mineralogy of surface sediments of the Iceland shelf, and application to down-core studies of holocene ice-rafted sediments","docAbstract":"Quantitative X-ray diffraction analyses on the < 2 mm sediment fraction from the Iceland shelves are reported for subglacial diamictons, seafloor surface sediments, and the last 2000 cal yr BP from two cores. The overall goal of the paper is to characterize the spatial variability of the mineralogy of the present-day surface sediments (18 non-clay minerals and 7 clay minerals), compare that with largely in situ erosional products typified by the composition of subglacial diamictons, and finally examine the late Holocene temporal variability in mineral composition using multi-mineral compositions. The subglacial diamictons are dominated in the non-clay-mineral fraction by the plagioclase feldspars and pyroxene with 36.7 ?? 6.1 and 17.9 ?? 3.5 wt % respectively, with smectites being the dominant clay minerals. The surface seafloor sediments have similar compositions although there are substantial amounts of calcite, plus there is a distinct band of sites from NW to N-central Iceland that contain 1-6 wt% of quartz. This latter distribution mimics the modern and historic pattern of drift ice in Iceland waters. Principal component analysis of the transformed wt% (log-ratio) non-clay minerals is used to compare the subglacial, surface, and down-core mineral compositions. Fifty-eight percent of the variance is explained by the first two axes, with dolomite, microcline, and quartz being important \"foreign\" species. These analyses indicate that today the NW-N-central Iceland shelf is affected by the import of exotic minerals, which are transported and released from drift ice. The down-core mineralogy indicates that this is a process that has varied over the last 2000 cal yr BP. Copyright ?? 2007, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2007.045","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Andrews, J.T., and Eberl, D.D., 2007, Quantitative mineralogy of surface sediments of the Iceland shelf, and application to down-core studies of holocene ice-rafted sediments: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 77, no. 5-6, p. 469-479, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2007.045.","startPage":"469","endPage":"479","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211940,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2007.045"},{"id":239326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9225e4b0c8380cd806ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, John T.","contributorId":79678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030177,"text":"70030177 - 2007 - Chemical quality of depositional sediments and associated soils in New Orleans and the Louisiana peninsula following Hurricane Katrina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030177","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical quality of depositional sediments and associated soils in New Orleans and the Louisiana peninsula following Hurricane Katrina","docAbstract":"Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Louisiana peninsula south of New Orleans on Aug 29, 2005. The resulting storm surge caused numerous levy breaches in the parishes of New Orleans as well as on the Louisiana peninsula. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of inorganic and organic constituents in sediments and associated soils in New Orleans parishes and the Louisiana peninsula after the floodwaters had been removed and/or receded following Hurricane Katrina. A total of 46 sediment and soil samples were analyzed that were collected throughout New Orleans and the Louisiana peninsula. Approximately 20% of the sediment samples were analyzed, including shallow sediment samples from locations that included the top and beneath automobiles, in residential and commercial areas, and near refineries. Gasoline constituents, pesticides, and leachable heavy metals were analyzed using headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), organic extraction GC/MS, and inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry, respectively. A significant number of samples had leachable As and Pb concentrations in excess of drinking water standards. The remaining metals analyzed (i.e., Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and V) generally had much lower leachable levels. Of the gasoline constituents, only benzene was observed above the limit of detection (of 5 ??g/kg), with no samples observed as being above the method detection limits of 10 ??g/kg. For the 18 pesticides analyzed, most were in the nondetectable range and all were in trace amounts that were orders of magnitude below regulatory guidelines. ?? 2007 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es0620991","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Adams, C., Witt, E., Wang, J., Shaver, D., Summers, D., Filali-Meknassi, Y., Shi, H., Luna, R., and Anderson, N., 2007, Chemical quality of depositional sediments and associated soils in New Orleans and the Louisiana peninsula following Hurricane Katrina: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 10, p. 3437-3443, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0620991.","startPage":"3437","endPage":"3443","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211911,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0620991"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f584e4b0c8380cd4c28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, C.","contributorId":88531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witt, E.C.","contributorId":83556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Jingyuan","contributorId":10771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jingyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaver, D.K.","contributorId":17829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaver","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Summers, D.","contributorId":47579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Filali-Meknassi, Y.","contributorId":28069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filali-Meknassi","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shi, H.","contributorId":71729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Luna, R.","contributorId":46708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luna","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, N.","contributorId":54403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ]}