{"pageNumber":"96","pageRowStart":"2375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":5224733,"text":"5224733 - 2007 - A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-10T17:09:24.641751","indexId":"5224733","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds","docAbstract":"As compared with extensive contiguous areas, small isolated habitat patches lack many species.  Some species disappear after isolation; others are rarely found in any small patch, regardless of isolation.  We used a 13-year data set of bird captures from a large landscape-manipulation experiment in a Brazilian Amazon forest to model the extinction-colonization dynamics of 55 species and tested basic predictions of island biogeography and metapopulation theory.  From our models, we derived two metrics of species vulnerability to changes in isolation and patch area.  We found a strong effect of area and a variable effect of isolation on the predicted patch occupancy by birds.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1133097","usgsCitation":"Ferraz, G., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Stouffer, P., Bierregaard, R., and Lovejoy, T., 2007, A large-scale deforestation experiment: Effects of patch area and isolation on Amazon birds: Science, v. 315, no. 5809, p. 238-241, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1133097.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"241","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.482.6209","text":"External Repository"},{"id":196510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon forest","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.54296875,\n              -2.1088986592431382\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.35546875,\n              -7.100892668623654\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.181640625,\n              -10.228437266155955\n            ],\n            [\n              -58.00781249999999,\n              -8.928487062665504\n            ],\n            [\n              -56.33789062499999,\n              0.17578097424708533\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.13671875,\n              2.4601811810210052\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.54296875,\n              -2.1088986592431382\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"315","issue":"5809","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferraz, G.","contributorId":87651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferraz","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stouffer, P.C.","contributorId":8199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stouffer","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bierregaard, R.O.","contributorId":56755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bierregaard","given":"R.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovejoy, T.E.","contributorId":51408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovejoy","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":97694,"text":"ofr20071393 - 2007 - Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Coronado National Memorial","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T13:55:01","indexId":"ofr20071393","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1393","title":"Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Coronado National Memorial","docAbstract":"We conducted inventories for amphibians and reptiles, birds, and mammals; and summarized past inventories for vascular plants at Coronado National Memorial (NM) in Arizona. We used our data as well as data from previous research to compile species lists for the memorial, assess inventory completeness, and make suggestions on future monitoring efforts. \r\n\r\nThere have been 940 species of plants and vertebrates recorded at Coronado NM (Table 1), of which 46 (5%) are non-native. The species richness of the memorial is one of the highest in the Sonoran Desert Network of park units, third only to park units that are two and one-half (Chiricahua National Monument), 19 (Saguaro National Park) and 70 (Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument) times larger in area. The high species diversities are due to the large elevational gradient, overlap of bigeographical regions, wide range of geology and soils, and diverse vegetation communities present at the memorial. \r\n\r\nChanges in species composition have occurred at the memorial over the last 20 years in all major taxonomic groups. These changes are likely due to increases in grassy plant species (both native and non-native) at the lower elevations of the memorial. We suspect that grassy plant cover has increased because of changes in grazing intensity, introduction of some non-native species, and a recent fire. All recent vertebrate inventories have yielded grassland obligate species not previously recorded at the memorial. \r\n\r\nBased on the review of past studies, we believe the inventory for most taxa, except bats, is nearly complete, though some rare or elusive species will likely be added with additional survey effort.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071393","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Arizona School of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Powell, B., Swann, D.E., and Halvorson, W., 2007, Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Coronado National Memorial (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1393, xiv, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071393.","productDescription":"xiv, 114 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2007_1393.jpg"},{"id":12849,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1393/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.4,31.3 ], [ -110.4,31.4 ], [ -110.2,31.4 ], [ -110.2,31.3 ], [ -110.4,31.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7afde4b0b2908510dd80","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Cecilia A.","contributorId":47483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Cecilia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742840,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Brian F.","contributorId":25644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swann, Don E.","contributorId":90002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swann","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halvorson, William L.","contributorId":97194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81246,"text":"pp1739D - 2007 - Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Fortress Mountain and Torok Formations exposed along the Siksikpuk River, North-Central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:10:57","indexId":"pp1739D","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1739","chapter":"D","title":"Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Fortress Mountain and Torok Formations exposed along the Siksikpuk River, North-Central Alaska","docAbstract":"An exposure of the Lower Cretaceous Fortress Mountain and Torok Formations along the Siksikpuk River in north-central Alaska provides a rare opportunity to observe the stratigraphic contact between these two formations and to interpret the depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of the exposed strata. The Fortress Mountain Formation at the base of the measured section includes braided-fluvial and coastal-plain facies deposited in a lowstand-systems tract, and an overlying succession of mostly shallow marine facies deposited in the basal part of a transgressive-systems tract. The overlying Torok Formation includes a thick, upward-deepening succession of marine-shelf to marine-slope facies deposited in the upper part of the transgressive-systems tract. The upper part of the section includes marine-slope and incised-slope-channel turbidite deposits of the Torok Formation, interpreted as a highstand-systems tract. \r\n\r\nConsideration of the balance between accommodation and sediment flux inferred from the sequence-stratigraphic analysis suggests that both tectonics and eustasy may have influenced deposition of the lowstand-systems and transgressive-systems tracts. In contrast, the highstand-systems tract may have been primarily influenced by progradation of a regional sediment-dispersal system and by subsidence induced by sediment loading.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2006","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1739D","usgsCitation":"Houseknecht, D.W., Schenk, C.J., and Wartes, M.A., 2007, Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Fortress Mountain and Torok Formations exposed along the Siksikpuk River, North-Central Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1739, Report: 20 p.; Plate: 40 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1739D.","productDescription":"Report: 20 p.; Plate: 40 x 36 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11289,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1739/d/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Siksikpuk River","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fcfcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wartes, Marwan A.","contributorId":47476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wartes","given":"Marwan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81047,"text":"ofr20071283 - 2007 - Relations of Environmental Factors with Mussel-Species Richness in the Neversink River, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20071283","displayToPublicDate":"2008-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1283","title":"Relations of Environmental Factors with Mussel-Species Richness in the Neversink River, New York","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nDeclines in the distribution, abundance, and diversity of freshwater-mussel species (family Unionidae1) have been reported worldwide (Bogan, 1993; Strayer and Jirka, 1997). The principal causes of the observed declines are difficult to confirm, however, because only a few of the many factors that affect mussel-species populations have been identified (Strayer and Ralley, 1993; Strayer, 1999; Baldigo and others, 2003; Strayer and others, 2006).\r\n\r\nThe Neversink River, which drains the Catskill Mountains in southeastern New York (fig. 1), contains seven species of mussels (Strayer and Ralley, 1991; Strayer and Jirka, 1997). Populations of the endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) and the threatened swollen wedgemussel (Alasmidonta varicosa) coexist with other unionid mussels in the Neversink River (Strayer and Ralley, 1991, 1993; Baldigo and others, 2003). Dwarf wedgemussel populations had previously been found only downstream from the site of an abandoned dam in the lower part of the river at Cuddebackville (fig. 1), and swollen wedgemussels were only found in the lower and middle reaches of the river. The limited distribution of these two species suggests that they may be susceptible to local extinctions.\r\n\r\nThe distribution of mussel populations can be limited by impoundments. Mussel larvae develop in species-specific host fish; thus, impoundments that restrict passage of these host fish also restrict the extent of mussels. The Neversink River is impounded by the Neversink Reservoir [241 square kilometers (km2)], a major source of drinking water for the City of New York, and was also impounded 50 km downstream by the Cuddebackville Dam until 2004, when the latter was removed by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to improve fish passage. The removal of this dam has provided previously unavailable habitat for diadromous and other fish species that act as hosts for rare mussel species. In addition, releases from the Neversink Reservoir that mimic the river?s original flow patterns have recently been proposed by TNC and could benefit the established mussel populations and aquatic communities. The ability to protect mussel populations and the potential to increase mussel richness in the Neversink River is unknown, however, because the environmental factors that affect the seven mussel species are poorly defined, and the distribution of mussel beds is patchy and thus difficult to quantify.\r\n\r\nIn 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with TNC, began a 6-year study along the Neversink River and its tributaries to (1) document the current distribution of each mussel species, (2) assess environmental factors in relation to mussel-species richness and distribution, and (3) identify the factors that most strongly affect mussel populations and develop an equation that relates environmental factors to mussel-species richness. This report (a) summarizes the methods used to quantify or qualify environmental factors and mussel-species distribution and abundance, (b) presents a list of environmental factors that were correlated with mussel-species richness, and (c) offers an empirical model to predict richness of mussel species in benthic communities throughout the basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071283","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy and Sullivan County Division of Planning and Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Ernst, A., Schuler, G.E., and Apse, C.D., 2007, Relations of Environmental Factors with Mussel-Species Richness in the Neversink River, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1283, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071283.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10910,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1283/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b31e4b07f02db6b411a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ernst, Anne G.","contributorId":37825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ernst","given":"Anne G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schuler, George E.","contributorId":37005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Apse, Colin D.","contributorId":54680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Apse","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80853,"text":"cir1319 - 2007 - Regional Fluid Flow and Basin Modeling in Northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T15:42:20","indexId":"cir1319","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1319","title":"Regional Fluid Flow and Basin Modeling in Northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract\">The foothills of the Brooks Range contain an enormous accumulation of zinc (Zn) in the form of zinc sulfide and barium (Ba) in the form of barite in Carboniferous shale, chert, and mudstone. Most of the resources and reserves of Zn occur in the Red Dog deposit and others in the Red Dog district; these resources and reserves surpass those of most deposits worldwide in terms of size and grade. In addition to zinc and lead sulfides (which contain silver, Ag) and barite, correlative strata host phosphate deposits. Furthermore, prolific hydrocarbon source rocks of Carboniferous and Triassic to Early Jurassic age generated considerable amounts of petroleum that may have contributed to the world-class petroleum resources of the North Slope.</p><p class=\"abstract\">Deposits of Zn-Pb-Ag or barite as large as those in the Brooks Range are very rare on a global basis and, accordingly, multiple coincident favorable factors must be invoked to explain their origins. To improve our understanding of these factors and to contribute to more effective assessments of resources in sedimentary basins of northern Alaska and throughout the world, the Mineral Resources Program and the Energy Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated a project that was aimed at understanding the petroleum maturation and mineralization history of parts of the Brooks Range that were previously poorly characterized. The project, titled “Regional Fluid Flow and Basin Modeling in Northern Alaska,” was undertaken in collaboration with industry, academia, and other government agencies. This Circular contains papers that describe the results of the recently completed project. The studies that are highlighted in these papers have led to a better understanding of the following:<br></p><ul><li>The complex sedimentary facies relationships and depositional settings and the geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks that host the deposits (sections 2 and 3).</li><li>The factors responsible for formation of the barite and zinc deposits (sections 4 and 5).</li><li>The geochemical indicators or exploration tools that might be used to locate other large deposits of similar character in the Red Dog district and elsewhere (section 6).</li><li>The isotopic compositions of barite and sulfide deposits (sections 7 and 8)</li><li>The distribution and nature of phosphate and metalliferous oil shale localities (sections 9 and 10).</li><li>The architecture, kinematics, and timing of the complex thrust systems that disrupted and redistributed the Carboniferous and younger rocks; these studies are necessary in order to make a realistic palinspastic reconstruction of the basin (sections 11 and 12).</li><li>The nature and extent of the petroleum system sourced from Mississippian rocks (section 13).</li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1319","isbn":"9781411320420","usgsCitation":"Ayuso, R.A., Burruss, R., Dumoulin, J.A., Graham, G.E., Harris, A.G., Johnson, C.A., Kelley, K.D., Leach, D.L., Lillis, P.G., Marsh, E.E., Moore, T.E., Potter, C.J., and Slack, J.F., 2007, Regional Fluid Flow and Basin Modeling in Northern Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1319, v, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1319.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10681,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1319/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c620","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809 kdkelley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":179012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen","email":"kdkelley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750570,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burruss, Robert 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":146833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809 kdkelley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":179012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen","email":"kdkelley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leach, David L.","contributorId":83902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Marsh, Erin E. 0000-0001-5245-9532 emarsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532","contributorId":1250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Erin","email":"emarsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":127538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":80787,"text":"sir20075177 - 2007 - An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"sir20075177","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5177","title":"An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04","docAbstract":"An assessment of the 16.3-square-mile Cardwell Branch watershed characterized the hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and stream ecology in 2003-04. The study - performed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the City of Lincoln, Nebraska, and the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District - focused on the 7.7-square-mile drainage downstream from Yankee Hill Reservoir.\r\n\r\nHydrologic and hydraulic models were developed using the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydraulic Engineering Center. Estimates of streamflow and water-surface elevation were simulated for 24-hour-duration design rainstorms ranging from a 50-percent frequency to a 0.2-percent frequency. An initial HEC-HMS model was developed using the standardized parameter estimation techniques associated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number technique. An adjusted HEC-HMS model also was developed in which parameters were adjusted in order for the model output to better correspond to peak streamflows estimated from regional regression equations. Comparisons of peak streamflow from the two HEC-HMS models indicate that the initial HEC-HMS model may better agree with the regional regression equations for higher frequency storms, and the adjusted HEC-HMS model may perform more closely to regional regression equations for larger, rarer events. However, a lack of observed streamflow data, coupled with conflicting results from regional regression equations and local high-water marks, introduced considerable uncertainty into the model simulations. Using the HEC-RAS model to estimate water-surface elevations associated with the peak streamflow, the adjusted HEC-HMS model produced average increases in water-surface elevation of 0.2, 1.1, and 1.4 feet for the 50-, 1-, and 0.2-percent-frequency rainstorms, respectively, when compared to the initial HEC-HMS model.\r\n\r\nCross-sectional surveys and field assessments conducted between November 2003 and March 2004 indicated that Cardwell Branch and its unnamed tributary appear to be undergoing incision (the process of downcutting) (with three locations showing 2 or more feet of streambed incision since 1978) that is somewhat moderated by the presence of grade controls and vegetation along the channel profile. Although streambank failures were commonly observed, 96 percent of the surveyed cross sections were classified as stable by planar and rotational failure analysis-a disconnect that may have been the result of assumed soil properties. Two process-based classification systems each indicated that the reaches within the study area were incising and widening, and the Rosgen classification system characterized the streams as either type E6 or B6c. E6 channels are hydraulically efficient with low width-depth ratios, low to moderate sinuosity, and gentle to moderately steep slopes. B6c channels typically are incised with low width-depth ratios maintained by riparian vegetation, low bedload transport, and high washload transport. No obvious nickpoints (interruption or break in slope) were observed in the thalweg profile (line of maximum streambed descent), and the most acute incision occurred immediately downstream from bridges and culverts.\r\n\r\nNine water-quality samples were collected between August 2003 and November 2004 near the mouth of the watershed. Sediment-laden rainfall-runoff substantially affected the water quality in Cardwell Branch, leading to greater biochemical and chemical oxygen demands as well as increased concentrations of several nutrient, bacteriological, sediment, and pesticide constituents. The storage of rainfall runoff in Yankee Hill Reservoir may prolong the presence of runoff-related constituents downstream.\r\n\r\nAcross the study area, there was a lack of habitat availability for aquatic biota because of low dissolved oxygen levels and low streamflows or dry channels. In August 2003, the aquatic community near the mouth of ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075177","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lincoln, Nebraska, and the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"Rus, D.L., Dietsch, B.J., Woodward, B.K., Fry, B.E., and Wilson, R.C., 2007, An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5177, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075177.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5177.jpg"},{"id":10625,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5177/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.83333333333333,40.666666666666664 ], [ -96.83333333333333,40.75083333333333 ], [ -96.68416666666667,40.75083333333333 ], [ -96.68416666666667,40.666666666666664 ], [ -96.83333333333333,40.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":84311,"text":"Central Plains Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, Brenda K.","contributorId":106985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fry, Beth E.","contributorId":24870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Richard C. wilson@usgs.gov","contributorId":846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"wilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80707,"text":"pp1739A - 2007 - Blue Mountain and the Gas Rocks: Rear-arc dome clusters on the Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-06T21:47:53.966443","indexId":"pp1739A","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1739","chapter":"A","title":"Blue Mountain and the Gas Rocks: Rear-arc dome clusters on the Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"<p><span>Behind the single-file chain of stratovolcanoes on the Alaska Peninsula, independent rear-arc vents for mafic magmas are uncommon, and for silicic magmas rarer still. We report here the characteristics, compositions, and ages of two andesite-dacite dome clusters and of several nearby basaltic units, all near Becharof Lake and 15 to 20 km behind the volcanic front. Blue Mountain consists of 13 domes (58-68 weight percent SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) and The Gas Rocks of three domes (62-64.5 weight percent SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) and a mafic cone (52 weight percent SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>). All 16 domes are amphibole-biotite-plagioclase felsite, and nearly all are phenocryst rich and quartz bearing. Although the two dome clusters are lithologically and chemically similar and only 25 km apart, they differ strikingly in age. The main central dome of Blue Mountain yields an&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/39</span><sup>Ar</sup><span>&nbsp;age of 632±7 ka, and two of the Gas Rocks domes ages of 25.7±1.4 and 23.3±1.2 ka. Both clusters were severely eroded by glaciation; surviving volumes of Blue Mountain domes total ~1 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>, and of the Gas Rocks domes 0.035 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>. Three basaltic vents lie close to The Gas Rocks, another lies just south of Blue Mountain, and a fifth is near the north shore of Becharof Lake. A basaltic andesite vent 6 km southeast of The Gas Rocks appears to be a flank vent of the arc-front center Mount Peulik. The basalt of Ukinrek Maars has been called transitionally alkalic, but all the other basaltic rocks are subalkaline. CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>-rich gas emissions near the eponymous Gas Rocks domes are not related to the 25-ka dacite dome cluster but, rather, to intracrustal degassing of intrusive basalt, one batch of which erupted 3 km away in 1977. The felsic and mafic vents all lie along or near the Bruin Bay Fault where it intersects a broad transverse structural zone marked by topographic, volcanologic, and geophysical discontinuities.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2006","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1739A","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., Fierstein, J., and Calvert, A.T., 2007, Blue Mountain and the Gas Rocks: Rear-arc dome clusters on the Alaska Peninsula (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1739, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1739A.","productDescription":"27 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192273,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415393,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82930.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10567,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1739/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Blue Mountain and the Gas Rocks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157,\n              58.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -157,\n              57.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              57.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              58.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -157,\n              58.0833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Wes 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":2221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fierstein, Judith 0000-0001-8024-1426 jfierstn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-1426","contributorId":147000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judith","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80675,"text":"sir20075223 - 2007 - Petrographic Descriptions of Selected Rock Specimens From the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member, Phosphoria Formation (Permian), Southeastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"sir20075223","displayToPublicDate":"2007-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5223","title":"Petrographic Descriptions of Selected Rock Specimens From the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member, Phosphoria Formation (Permian), Southeastern Idaho","docAbstract":"Based on petrographic observations of 135 thin sections, rocks in the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member of the Permian Phosphoria Formation in southeastern Idaho can be placed into one of four major lithofacies: organic claystone, muddy siltstone, peloidal phosphorite, and dolomitized calclithite-in order of decreasing abundance. Organic claystones are the most common lithofacies in the Meade Peak. Many of these rocks contain sufficient amounts of silt to make silty, organic claystones a common subtype. Organic claystones commonly contain crystals of muscovite and bioclasts as accessory components, and they are typically parallel laminated. Muddy siltstones are composed primarily of quartz silt, but some feldspar and rare carbonate silt are also present; some rocks are parallel laminated. Phosphate peloids are composed of varying amounts of opaque, complex, and translucent material, and observed internal structures are classified as simple, banded, cored, zoned, oolitic, nucleated, and polynucleated. Opaque, complex, and translucent peloids form the framework grains of three peloidal phosphorite rocks: wackestone phosphorite, packstone phosphorite, and grainstone phosphorite. Wackestone phosphorite is phosphatic-mud supported and contains more than 10 percent peloids; it is the most common type of phosphorite. Packstone phosphorite is peloid supported and contains interstitial phosphatic mud; it is also a common type. Grainstone phosphorite is peloid supported but lacks phosphatic mud; it is the least common type. Dolomitized calclithites contain three types of carbonate grains: macrocrystalline, microcrystalline, and crystalline with a microcrystalline nuclei-in order of decreasing abundance. Based on chemical staining and X-ray diffraction analyses, most of the carbonate is dolomite. Sufficient amounts of quartz silt or muddy material allow some rocks to be called silty dolomitized calclithite or muddy dolomitized calclithite, respectively. Sedimentary structures are absent except in some muddy dolomitized calclithites. Organic claystones, muddy siltstones, and dolomitized calclithites are detrital deposits. Many rocks in the Meade Peak contain calcite and apatite as fracture fillings and vug linings. As expected, peloidal phosphorites are most common in ore zones, and detrital rocks are most common in waste zones. Mine-specific marker beds are mostly composed of dolomitized calclithite.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075223","usgsCitation":"Johnson, E., Grauch, R.I., and Herring, J.R., 2007, Petrographic Descriptions of Selected Rock Specimens From the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member, Phosphoria Formation (Permian), Southeastern Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5223, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075223.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10531,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5223/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.75,42 ], [ -111.75,43.25 ], [ -110.75,43.25 ], [ -110.75,42 ], [ -111.75,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ed2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Edward A.","contributorId":25552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edward A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herring, James R.","contributorId":95492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80556,"text":"cir1314 - 2007 - From Projectile Points to Microprocessors - The Influence of Some Industrial Minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:09","indexId":"cir1314","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1314","title":"From Projectile Points to Microprocessors - The Influence of Some Industrial Minerals","docAbstract":"In the language of economic geology, Earth materials are classified as metallic ores, fuel minerals, gemstones, and industrial minerals. Most people know that metallic ores yield shiny, conductive, ductile elements such as copper, iron, or gold. Most understand that energy-producing coals constitute a fuel mineral. Likewise, dazzling rubies and rare sapphires are universally recognized as gemstones. The fourth group, industrial minerals, is largely unknown to the general public, even though industrial minerals are as essential to daily life as metals and fuel minerals. This report examines the occurrence and practical uses of nine important industrial minerals - constituting just a few of the more than 50 industrial minerals that shape human culture.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/cir1314","usgsCitation":"Driscoll, R., 2007, From Projectile Points to Microprocessors - The Influence of Some Industrial Minerals (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1314, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1314.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10374,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1314/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b466d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driscoll, Rhonda","contributorId":96716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Rhonda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80474,"text":"ofr20071280 - 2007 - Metallogeny of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in Idaho and Montana - Studies by the Mineral Resources Program, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T21:14:44.777819","indexId":"ofr20071280","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1280","title":"Metallogeny of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in Idaho and Montana - Studies by the Mineral Resources Program, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004-2007","docAbstract":"Preface\r\n\r\nBy J.Michael O'Neill\r\n\r\nThe major emphasis of this project was to extend and refine the known Mesoproterozoic geologic and metallogenic framework of the region along and adjacent to the Idaho-Montana boundary north of the Snake River Plain. The Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in this part of east-central Idaho host important Cu-Co-Au stratabound mineral resources as well as younger, epigenetic hydrothermal, sulfide base-metal mineral deposits. Two tasks of this study were to more accurately understand and portray the character and origin of cobalt-copper-gold deposits that compose the Idaho cobalt belt and specifically to analyze ore mineralogy and metallogenesis within the Blackbird mining district in the central part of the belt. Inasmuch as the cobalt belt is confined to the Mesoproterozoic Lemhi Group strata of east-central Idaho, geologic investigations were also undertaken to determine the relationship between strata of the Lemhi Group and the more extensive, noncobalt-bearing, Belt-Purcell Supergroup strata to the north and northwest.\r\n\r\nAbrupt lateral differences in the character and thickness of stratigraphic units in the Mesoproterozoic Lemhi Basin may indicate differential sedimentation in contemporaneous fault-bounded subbasins. It is suggested that northeast-trending basement faults of the Great Falls tectonic zone controlled development of the subbasins. O'Neill and others (chapter A, this volume) document a second major basement fault in this area, the newly recognized northwest-striking Great Divide megashear, a zone 1-2 km wide of left-lateral strike-slip faults active during Mesoproterozoic sedimentation and bounding the Cu-Co belt on the northwest. The megashear is a crustal-scale tectonic feature that separates Lemhi Group strata from roughly coeval Belt-Purcell strata to the north and northwest in Montana and northern Idaho.\r\n\r\nThe results of numerous geologic investigations of the Cu- and Co-bearing Mesoproterozoic rocks of east-central Idaho are integrated and summarized by Bookstrom and others (chapter B, this volume). In particular, their field investigations and analysis of evidence and previous arguments for synsedimentary versus epigenetic mineral deposit types, both of which have been postulated by earlier workers, led them to conclude that both processes were likely instrumental in forming the ore deposits of the Blackbird district.\r\n\r\nFinally, this report supplies new data on isotopic ratios of sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and helium in minerals associated with cobalt-bearing ores of the cobalt belt. Slack (chapter C, this volume) identified several previously unrecognized rare-earth-element minerals in Blackbird ores: monazite (Ce,La,Y,Th)PO4, xenotime (YPO4), allanite (CaCe)2(Al,Fe)3Si3O12(OH), and gadolinite (Be2FeY2Si2O10). Light rare-earth elements reside mostly in monazite, whereas yttrium and heavy rare-earth minerals reside mostly in xenotime. Dated monazite, which in the Blackbird district is interstitial to cobaltite, is Cretaceous. This date brings into question the otherwise geologically convincing interpretation of Blackbird ores as being of Mesoproterozoic age and synsedimentary origin.\r\n\r\nThis volume consists of three summary articles:\r\n\r\nA. Great Divide megashear, Montana, Idaho, and Washington: An intraplate crustal-scale shear zone recurrently active since the Mesoproterozoic by J. Michael O'Neill, Edward T. Ruppel, and David A. Lopez\r\n\r\nB. Blackbird Fe-Cu-Co-Au-REE deposits by Arthur A. Bookstrom, Craig A. Johnson, Gary P. Landis, and Thomas P. Frost\r\n\r\nC. Geochemical and mineralogical studies of sulfide and iron oxide deposits in the Idaho cobalt belt by John F. Slack","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071280","usgsCitation":"2007, Metallogeny of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in Idaho and Montana - Studies by the Mineral Resources Program, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004-2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1280, v, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071280.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10302,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":401725,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81839.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.044156,43.020052],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-112.173352,41.996568],[-112.192976,42.001167],[-112.709375,42.000309],[-113.893261,41.988057],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-114.598267,41.994511],[-114.831077,42.002207],[-115.031783,41.996008],[-117.026222,42.000252],[-117.02678,43.829841],[-117.01077,43.862269],[-116.98294,43.86771],[-116.977332,43.905812],[-116.96247,43.928336],[-116.963666,43.952644],[-116.971835,43.962806],[-116.942944,43.987512],[-116.934485,44.021249],[-116.943361,44.035645],[-116.972504,44.048771],[-116.977351,44.085364],[-116.933704,44.100039],[-116.894309,44.158114],[-116.900103,44.176851],[-116.925392,44.191544],[-116.971675,44.197256],[-116.975905,44.242844],[-117.031862,44.248635],[-117.042283,44.242775],[-117.050057,44.22883],[-117.089503,44.258234],[-117.098531,44.275533],[-117.107673,44.280763],[-117.118018,44.278945],[-117.143394,44.258262],[-117.170342,44.25889],[-117.198147,44.273828],[-117.222647,44.297578],[-117.217843,44.30718],[-117.2055,44.311789],[-117.189842,44.335007],[-117.196149,44.346362],[-117.235117,44.373853],[-117.242675,44.396548],[-117.22698,44.405583],[-117.215072,44.427162],[-117.215573,44.453746],[-117.225076,44.482346],[-117.200237,44.492027],[-117.181583,44.52296],[-117.161033,44.525166],[-117.149242,44.536151],[-117.14293,44.557236],[-117.147934,44.562143],[-117.146032,44.568603],[-117.126009,44.581553],[-117.120522,44.614658],[-117.098221,44.640689],[-117.095868,44.664737],[-117.07912,44.692175],[-117.061799,44.706654],[-117.062273,44.727143],[-117.03827,44.748179],[-117.013802,44.756841],[-116.998903,44.756382],[-116.972902,44.772581],[-116.9368,44.782881],[-116.9308,44.790981],[-116.931099,44.804781],[-116.896249,44.84833],[-116.865338,44.870599],[-116.852427,44.887577],[-116.83199,44.933007],[-116.850737,44.958113],[-116.858313,44.978761],[-116.846103,44.999878],[-116.848037,45.021728],[-116.797329,45.060267],[-116.78371,45.076972],[-116.783537,45.093605],[-116.774847,45.105536],[-116.754643,45.113972],[-116.731216,45.139934],[-116.724205,45.171501],[-116.709536,45.203015],[-116.703607,45.239757],[-116.691388,45.263739],[-116.675587,45.274867],[-116.672733,45.283183],[-116.673793,45.321511],[-116.619057,45.39821],[-116.597447,45.41277],[-116.588195,45.44292],[-116.554829,45.46293],[-116.558803,45.480076],[-116.548676,45.510385],[-116.523638,45.54661],[-116.502756,45.566608],[-116.48297,45.577008],[-116.463635,45.602785],[-116.463504,45.615785],[-116.487894,45.649769],[-116.535396,45.691734],[-116.535698,45.734231],[-116.546643,45.750972],[-116.593004,45.778541],[-116.632032,45.784979],[-116.646342,45.779815],[-116.665344,45.781998],[-116.680139,45.79359],[-116.697192,45.820135],[-116.711822,45.826267],[-116.736268,45.826179],[-116.759787,45.816167],[-116.782676,45.825376],[-116.788329,45.831928],[-116.790151,45.849851],[-116.814142,45.877551],[-116.84355,45.892273],[-116.859795,45.907264],[-116.892935,45.974396],[-116.91868,45.999875],[-116.942656,46.061],[-116.957372,46.075449],[-116.978938,46.080007],[-116.981962,46.084915],[-116.978823,46.095731],[-116.955263,46.102237],[-116.950276,46.123464],[-116.922648,46.160744],[-116.923958,46.17092],[-116.965841,46.203417],[-116.955264,46.23088],[-116.966742,46.256923],[-116.991134,46.276342],[-116.986688,46.296662],[-117.020663,46.314793],[-117.027744,46.338751],[-117.051735,46.343833],[-117.06263,46.352522],[-117.062785,46.365287],[-117.046915,46.379577],[-117.034696,46.418318],[-117.039813,46.425425],[-117.042657,47.760857],[-117.032351,48.999188],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.041662,47.862282],[-104.046822,46.000199],[-104.040128,44.999987],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-111.044156,43.020052]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Idaho\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628738","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"O’Neill, J. Michael jmoneill@usgs.gov","contributorId":99522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.","email":"jmoneill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749300,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70228814,"text":"70228814 - 2007 - Methods and applications of Cenozoic marine diatom biostratigraphy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T16:30:52.100386","indexId":"70228814","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-01T10:21:44","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10124,"text":"The Paleontological Society Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods and applications of Cenozoic marine diatom biostratigraphy","docAbstract":"<p><span>Diatoms provide the chief Cenozoic biostratigraphic tool in marine sediments beneath high primary productivity zones, especially where calcareous fossils are rare or poorly preserved. Diatom biostratigraphy, which is based on originations and extinctions of unique taxa, is especially useful in circum-Antarctic, equatorial Pacific, and high latitude North Pacific marine successions, which are available largely from ocean drilling. Oligocene to Holocene diatom biostratigraphic zonations are correlated with the geopaleomagnetic timescale, resulting in age control of million-year to as little as hundred-thousand year resolution. Paleocene and Eocene zonations are less well developed and have lower chronostratigraphic control, but are more widely applicable, because planktonic diatom assemblages of the globally warm early Paleogene were less provincial. We review the principals and methods of biostratigraphy and the application of diatoms to age control in stratigraphic successions worldwide. Distinct biostratigraphic zonations defined for the low latitudes, the North Pacific and the Antarctic, are reviewed, and Atlantic records and Antarctic coastal records are discussed. New biostratigraphic tools are introduced, including multidimensional graphic correlation of published diatom ranges.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Pond scum to carbon sink: Geological and environmental applications of the diatoms","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S1089332600001467","usgsCitation":"Scherer, R., Gladenkov, A.Y., and Barron, J.A., 2007, Methods and applications of Cenozoic marine diatom biostratigraphy: The Paleontological Society Papers, v. 13, p. 61-83, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1089332600001467.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"83","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scherer, Reed","contributorId":62907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scherer","given":"Reed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gladenkov, Andrey Yu.","contributorId":279871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gladenkov","given":"Andrey","email":"","middleInitial":"Yu.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80453,"text":"sir20065309 - 2007 - Effect of storms on barrier island dynamics, Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina, 1960-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T19:31:19.677416","indexId":"sir20065309","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5309","title":"Effect of storms on barrier island dynamics, Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina, 1960-2001","docAbstract":"<p>The effect of storms on long-term dynamics of barrier islands was evaluated on Core Banks, a series of barrier islands that extend from Cape Lookout to Okracoke Inlet in the Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina. Shoreline and elevation changes were determined by comparing 77 profiles and associated reference markers established by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) on Core Banks from June 1960 to July 1962 to a follow-up survey by Godfrey and Godfrey (G&G) in 1971 and a survey by the Department of Geology at East Carolina University (ECU) in 2001, in which 57 of the original 77 profiles were located.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Evaluation of the baseline data associated with the USACE study supplies an important record of barrier island response to two specific storm events—Hurricane Donna in September 1960 and the Ash Wednesday extra-tropical cyclone in March 1962. The 1962 USACE survey was followed by 9 years characterized by no major storms; this low-energy period was captured by the G&G survey in 1971. The G&G survey was followed by 22 years characterized by occasional small to moderate storms. Starting in 1993, however, and continuing through 1999, the North Carolina coast experienced a major increase in storm activity, with seven major hurricanes impacting Core Banks.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Both the USACE 1960–1962 and G&G 1962–1971 surveys produced short-term data sets that reflected very different sets of weather conditions. The ECU 2001 survey data were then compared with the USACE 1960 survey data to develop a long-term (41 years) data set for shoreline erosion on Core Banks. Those resulting long-term data were compared with the long-term (52 years) data sets by the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management (NCDCM) from 1940–1992 and 1946–1998; a strong positive correlation and very similar rates of average annual erosion resulted. However, the ECU and NCDCM long-term data sets did not correlate with either of the USACE and G&G short-term survey data and had very different average annual erosion rates.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The average annual long-term rate of shoreline erosion for all of Core Banks and for both the ECU 1960–2001 and the NCDCM 1946–1998 surveys was -5 feet per year (ft/yr). These long-term rates of shoreline recession are in strong contrast with the short-term, storm-dominated rates of shoreline erosion for all of Core Banks developed by the USACE 1960–1961 and USACE 1961–1962 surveys, which have average annual erosion rates of -40 ft/yr and -26 ft/yr, respectively, and range from -226 feet (ft) to +153 ft. The combined short-term, storm-dominated shoreline erosion rate for the USACE surveys (1960–1962) was -36 ft/yr. In contrast, the average annual short-term, non-stormy period G&G 1962–1971 survey demonstrated shoreline accretion for all of Core Banks with an average annual rate of +12 ft/yr. In general, North Core Banks has higher erosion and accretion rates than South Core Banks.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In the 1961 survey, the USACE installed 231 reference markers (RM-0 is closest to the ocean and RM-2 is farthest from the ocean) along the 77 profiles, as well as 33 reference markers labeled RM-4, RM-6, and RM-8 in the wider portions of the islands. The G&G survey recovered a total of 141 reference markers (61 percent), and the ECU survey recovered a total of 83 reference markers (36 percent) of the RM-0, RM-1, and RM-2 markers. The average ground elevation measured by the USACE in 1961 was RM-0 = +5.8 ft, RM-1 = +5.2 ft, and RM-2 = +4.8 ft. The G&G 1970 survey measured average ground elevations of RM-0 = +6.7 ft, RM-1 = +6.4 ft, and RM-2 = +6.1 ft, and the average ground elevation measured by ECU in 2001 was RM-0 = +10.1 ft, RM-1 = +9.1 ft, and RM-2 = +8.5 ft. The latter numbers represent approximately an overall 72-percent increase in island elevation from 1961 to 2001. Based on aerial photographic time-slice analyses, it is hypothesized that this increase in island elevation occurred during the post-1962 period with storm overwash systematically raising the island elevation through time, which in turn led to decreased numbers of overwash events. The latter processes and responses in turn led to a substantial increase in vegetative growth on the barrier island, as well as submerged aquatic vegetation on the back-barrier sand shoals.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Integration of the USACE, G&G, ECU, and NCDCM shoreline erosion data for Core Banks shows several important points about shoreline recession. (1) The ECU and NCDCM data sets demonstrate that there is an ongoing net, long-term, but small-scale shoreline recession associated with Core Banks; (2) the USACE short-term data sets demonstrate that processes associated with individual storm events or sets of events produce extremely large-scale changes that include both erosion and accretion; (3) the short-term, non-stormy period data set of G&G demonstrates that if given enough time between storm events, barriers can rebuild to their pre-storm period conditions; and (4) the post-storm response generally tends to approach the pre-storm location, but rarely reaches it before the next storm or stormy period sets in. The result is the net long-term change documented by both the ECU 1960–2001 and NCDCM 1946–1998 Core Banks data sets that resulted in erosion rates ranging from 0 to -30 ft/yr with net annual average recession rates of -5 ft/yr.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Analysis and comparison of these data sets supply important information for understanding the dynamics and responses of barrier island systems through time. In addition, the results of the present study on Core Banks supply essential process-response information that can be used to design and implement management plans for the Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras National Seashores and for other seashores in the U.S. National Park Service system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065309","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and East Carolina University","usgsCitation":"Riggs, S., and Ames, D.V., 2007, Effect of storms on barrier island dynamics, Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina, 1960-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5309, x, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065309.","productDescription":"x, 73 p.","numberOfPages":"85","temporalStart":"1960-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428013,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81818.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":293757,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5309/pdf/sir2006-5309.pdf"},{"id":10278,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5309/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065309.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Barrier Island, Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5744,34.5787 ], [ -76.5744,35.2783 ], [ -75.4881,35.2783 ], [ -75.4881,34.5787 ], [ -76.5744,34.5787 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625795","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggs, Stanley R.","contributorId":25983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"Stanley R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ames, Dorothea V.","contributorId":51394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ames","given":"Dorothea","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70178394,"text":"70178394 - 2007 - Chapter 7 Magmatic-hydrothermal fluid interaction and mineralization in alkali-syenite nodules from the Breccia Museo pyroclastic deposit, Naples, Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T16:02:25.590407","indexId":"70178394","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chapter 7 Magmatic-hydrothermal fluid interaction and mineralization in alkali-syenite nodules from the Breccia Museo pyroclastic deposit, Naples, Italy","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Breccia Museo, a pyroclastic flow that crops out in the Campi Flegrei volcanic complex (Naples, Italy), contains alkali-syenite (trachyte) nodules with enrichment in Cl and incompatible elements (e.g., U, Zr, Th, and rare-earth elements). Zircon was dated at ≈52 ka, by U-Th isotope systematics using a SHRIMP. Scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe analysis of the constituent phases have documented the mineralogical and textural evolution of the nodules of feldspar and mafic accumulations on the magma chamber margins. Detailed electron microprobe data are given for alkali and plagioclase feldspar, salite to ferrosalite clinopyroxene, pargasite, ferrogargasite, magnesio-hastingsite hornblende amphibole, biotite mica, Cl-rich scapolite, and a member (probable davyne-type) of the cancrinite group. Detailed whole rock, major and minor element data are also presented for selected nodules. A wide variety of common and uncommon accessory minerals were identified such as zircon, baddeleyite, zirconolite, pollucite, sodalite, titanite, monazite, cheralite, apatite, titanomagnetite and its alteration products, scheelite, ferberite, uraninite/thorianite, uranpyrochlore, thorite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena. Scanning electron microscope analysis of opened fluid inclusions identified halite, sylvite, anhydrite, tungstates, carbonates, silicates, sulfides, and phosphates; most are probably daughter minerals. Microthermometric determinations on secondary fluid inclusions hosted by alkali feldspar define a temperature regime dominated by hypersaline aqueous fluids. Fluid-inclusion temperature data and mineral-pair geothermometers for coexisting feldspars and hornblende and plagioclase were used to construct a pressure-temperature scenario for the development and evolution of the nodules. We have compared the environment of porphyry copper formation and the petrogenetic environment constructed for the studied nodules. The suite of ore minerals observed in the nodules supports a potential for mineralization, which is similar to that observed in the alkaline volcanic systems of southern Italy (Pantelleria, Pontine Archipelago, Mt. Somma-Vesuvius).</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Volcanism in the Campania Plain — Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ignimbrites","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1871-644X(06)80021-5","usgsCitation":"Fedele, L., Tarzia, M., Belkin, H.E., De Vivo, B., Lima, A., and Lowenstern, J., 2007, Chapter 7 Magmatic-hydrothermal fluid interaction and mineralization in alkali-syenite nodules from the Breccia Museo pyroclastic deposit, Naples, Italy, chap. <i>of</i> Volcanism in the Campania Plain — Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ignimbrites, v. 9, p. 125-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1871-644X(06)80021-5.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"161","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Campi Flegrei","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              13.980789184570312,\n              40.73242960878483\n            ],\n            [\n              13.980789184570312,\n              40.85537053192496\n            ],\n            [\n              14.105415344238281,\n              40.85537053192496\n            ],\n            [\n              14.105415344238281,\n              40.73242960878483\n            ],\n            [\n              13.980789184570312,\n              40.73242960878483\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582dd8eae4b04d580bd3fa97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedele, Luca","contributorId":176908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fedele","given":"Luca","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarzia, Maurizio","contributorId":176909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarzia","given":"Maurizio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belkin, Harvey E. 0000-0001-7879-6529 hbelkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"Harvey","email":"hbelkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De Vivo, Benedetto","contributorId":85202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Vivo","given":"Benedetto","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lima, Annamaria","contributorId":176910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lima","given":"Annamaria","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17631,"text":"Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob","contributorId":88051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":80252,"text":"ofr20071193 - 2007 - 2007 Rocky Mountain section Friends of the Pleistocene field trip - Quaternary geology of the San Luis basin of Colorado and New Mexico, September 7-9, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T19:02:32.449948","indexId":"ofr20071193","displayToPublicDate":"2007-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1193","title":"2007 Rocky Mountain section Friends of the Pleistocene field trip - Quaternary geology of the San Luis basin of Colorado and New Mexico, September 7-9, 2007","docAbstract":"Prologue\r\n\r\nWelcome to the 2007 Rocky Mountain Cell Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip, which will concentrate on the Quaternary geology of the San Luis Basin of Colorado and New Mexico. To our best knowledge, Friends of the Pleistocene (FOP) has never run a trip through the San Luis Basin, although former trips in the region reviewed the 'Northern Rio Grande rift' in 1987 and the 'Landscape History and Processes on the Pajarito Plateau' in 1996. After nearly a decade, the FOP has returned to the Rio Grande rift, but to an area that has rarely hosted a trip with a Quaternary focus. The objective of FOP trips is to review - in the field - new and exciting research on Quaternary geoscience, typically research being conducted by graduate students. In our case, the research is more topically oriented around three areas of the San Luis Basin, and it is being conducted by a wide range of Federal, State, academic, and consulting geologists.\r\n\r\nThis year's trip is ambitious?we will spend our first day mainly on the Holocene record around Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, the second day on the Quaternary stratigraphy around the San Luis Hills, including evidence for Lake Alamosa and the 1.0 Ma Mesita volcano, and wrap up the trip's third day in the Costilla Plain and Sunshine Valley reviewing alluvial stratigraphy, the history of the Rio Grande, and evidence for young movement on the Sangre de Cristo fault zone.\r\n\r\nIn the tradition of FOP trips, we will be camping along the field trip route for this meeting. On the night before our trip, we will be at the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve's Pinyon Flats Campground, a group facility located about 2 miles north of the Visitors Center. After the first day's trip, we will dine and camp in the Bachus pit, about 3 miles southwest of Alamosa. For the final night (after day 2), we will bed down at La Junta Campground at the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Wild and Scenic Rivers State Recreation Area, west of Questa, New Mexico, overlooking a majestic canyons of the Rio Grande and Red River.\r\n\r\nThis is the 48th meeting of the Rocky Mountain Section of FOP, which was initiated by Gerry Richmond (USGS-Denver, deceased) in 1952 (see the following table, which lists all the Rocky Mountain Section field trips). The Rocky Mountain Section has been inactive for three years owing to a series of problems, including an unfortunate cancellation of Dennis Dahms' trip to the southern Wind River Range in 2005. Hopefully, this year's trip will provide the logistical initiative and scientific momentum for future Friends of the Pleistocene trips in the Rocky Mountain region.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071193","usgsCitation":"Machette, M., Coates, M., and Johnson, M.L., 2007, 2007 Rocky Mountain section Friends of the Pleistocene field trip - Quaternary geology of the San Luis basin of Colorado and New Mexico, September 7-9, 2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1193, x, 197 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071193.","productDescription":"x, 197 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401791,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81657.htm"},{"id":10072,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Luis basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.6005859375,\n              36.760891249565624\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.35888671875,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.5291748046875,\n              37.844494798834575\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.8258056640625,\n              38.28131307922966\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.34765625,\n              37.98317483351337\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.182861328125,\n              37.29590550406618\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.919189453125,\n              36.677230602346214\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7159423828125,\n              36.58465761247169\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.6005859375,\n              36.760891249565624\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491fe4b0b290850eee93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Mary-Margaret mcoates@usgs.gov","contributorId":730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Mary-Margaret","email":"mcoates@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":292095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Margo L.","contributorId":54626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Margo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80208,"text":"sim2972 - 2007 - Alluvial Bars of the Obed Wild and Scenic River, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"sim2972","displayToPublicDate":"2007-08-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2972","title":"Alluvial Bars of the Obed Wild and Scenic River, Tennessee","docAbstract":"In 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Park Service (NPS) initiated a reconnaissance study of alluvial bars along the Obed Wild and Scenic River (Obed WSR), in Cumberland and Morgan Counties, Tennessee. The study was partly driven by concern that trapping of sand by upstream impoundments might threaten rare, threatened, or endangered plant habitat by reducing the supply of sediment to the alluvial bars. The objectives of the study were to: (1) develop a preliminary understanding of the distribution, morphology, composition, stability, and vegetation structure of alluvial bars along the Obed WSR, and (2) determine whether evidence of human alteration of sediment dynamics in the Obed WSR warrants further, more detailed examination.\r\n\r\nThis report presents the results of the reconnaissance study of alluvial bars along the Obed River, Clear Creek, and Daddys Creek in the Obed WSR. The report is based on: (1) field-reconnaissance visits by boat to 56 alluvial bars along selected reaches of the Obed River and Clear Creek; (2) analysis of aerial photographs, topographic and geologic maps, and other geographic data to assess the distribution of alluvial bars in the Obed WSR; (3) surveys of topography, surface particle size, vegetation structure, and ground cover on three selected alluvial bars; and (4) analysis of hydrologic records.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim2972","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, W., Fitch, K., and Ladd, D., 2007, Alluvial Bars of the Obed Wild and Scenic River, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2972, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2972.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10021,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2972/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85,36 ], [ -85,36.166666666666664 ], [ -84.58333333333333,36.166666666666664 ], [ -84.58333333333333,36 ], [ -85,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b740","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, W.J.","contributorId":10069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitch, K.C.","contributorId":14061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitch","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ladd, D.E.","contributorId":34956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156322,"text":"70156322 - 2007 - A gap analysis and comprehensive conservation strategy for riverine ecosystems of Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T17:33:17.591918","indexId":"70156322","displayToPublicDate":"2007-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A gap analysis and comprehensive conservation strategy for riverine ecosystems of Missouri","docAbstract":"<p><span>North America harbors an astounding proportion of the world's freshwater species, but it is facing a freshwater biodiversity crisis. A first step to slowing the loss of biodiversity involves identifying gaps in existing efforts to conserve biodiversity and prioritizing opportunities to fill these gaps. In this monograph we detail two separate, but complementary, conservation planning efforts - a Gap Analysis (GAP) and a State Wildlife Action Plan (WAP) - for Missouri that address this first step. The goal of the Missouri Aquatic GAP Project was to identify riverine ecosystems, habitats, and species not adequately represented (i.e., gaps) within existing conservation lands. The goal of the freshwater component of the Missouri Wildlife Action Plan was to identify and map a set of conservation-opportunity areas (COAs) that holistically represent all riverine ecosystems, habitats, and species in Missouri. Since conservation planning is a geographical exercise, both efforts utilized geographic information systems (GIS). Four principal GIS data sets were used in each planning effort: (1) a hierarchical riverine ecosystem classification, (2) predicted species distributions, (3) public ownership/stewardship, and (4) a human-threat index. Results of the gap analyses are not encouraging. Forty five, mostly rare, threatened, or endangered, species are not represented in lands set aside for conserving biodiversity. Results also illustrate the fragmented nature of conservation lands, which are mainly situated in the uplands and fail to provide connectivity among riverine habitats. Furthermore, many conservation lands are severely threatened by an array of human disturbances. In contrast, results of the WAP provide hope that relatively intact riverine ecosystems still exist. A total of 158 COAs, representing &sim;6% of the total kilometers of stream in Missouri, were selected for the WAP. This illustrates that a wide spectrum of biodiversity can be represented within a small portion of the total resource base, but the area of conservation concern is often much larger. Identifying priority riverscapes for conservation is an important first step toward effective biodiversity conservation. Yet, achieving the ultimate goal of conserving biodiversity will require vigilance on the part of all responsible parties, with particular attention to addressing and coordinating the many remaining logistical tasks.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/06-1253.1","usgsCitation":"Sowa, S.P., Annis, G., Morey, M.E., and Diamond, D., 2007, A gap analysis and comprehensive conservation strategy for riverine ecosystems of Missouri: Ecological Monographs, v. 77, no. 3, p. 301-334, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1253.1.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"334","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":306961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":80071,"text":"sir20075046 - 2007 - Mineral Resources of the Hells Canyon Study Area, Wallowa County, Oregon, and Idaho and Adams Counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:38","indexId":"sir20075046","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5046","title":"Mineral Resources of the Hells Canyon Study Area, Wallowa County, Oregon, and Idaho and Adams Counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"Field studies supporting the evaluation of the mineral potential of the Hells Canyon study area were carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1974-76 and 1979. The study area includes (1) the Hells Canyon Wilderness; (2) parts of the Snake River, Rapid River, and West Fork Rapid River Wild and Scenic Rivers; (3) lands included in the second Roadless Area Review and Evaluation (RARE II); and (4) part of the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area. The survey is one of a series of studies to appraise the suitability of the area for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System as required by the Wilderness Act of 1964. The spectacular and mineralized area covers nearly 950 mi2 (2,460 km2) in northeast Oregon and west-central Idaho at the junction of the Northern Rocky Mountains and the Columbia Plateau.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075046","usgsCitation":"Simmons, G., Gualtieri, J., Close, T.J., Federspiel, F.E., and Leszcykowski, A.M., 2007, Mineral Resources of the Hells Canyon Study Area, Wallowa County, Oregon, and Idaho and Adams Counties, Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5046, Pamphlet: vii, 62 p.; 4 Plates - Plate 1: 58 x 45 inches, Plate 2: 55 x 45 inches, Plate 3: 43 x 45 inches, and Plate 4: 55 x 45 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075046.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vii, 62 p.; 4 Plates - Plate 1: 58 x 45 inches, Plate 2: 55 x 45 inches, Plate 3: 43 x 45 inches, and Plate 4: 55 x 45 inches","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9859,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5,45 ], [ -117.5,46 ], [ -116,46 ], [ -116,45 ], [ -117.5,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simmons, George C.","contributorId":68836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"George C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gualtieri, James L.","contributorId":64349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Close, Terry J.","contributorId":36159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Close","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Federspiel, Francis E.","contributorId":28290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Federspiel","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leszcykowski, Andrew M.","contributorId":78387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leszcykowski","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80064,"text":"ofr20071074 - 2007 - Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071074","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1074","title":"Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","docAbstract":"This geologic map is based entirely on new mapping by Thompson and Machette, whereas the geophysical data and interpretations were supplied by Drenth.  The map area includes most of San Pedro Mesa, a basalt covered mesa that is uplifted as a horst between the Southern Sangre de Cristo fault zone (on the west) and the San Luis fault zone on the east. The map also includes most of the Sanchez graben, a deep structural basin that lies between the San Luis fault zone (on the west) and the Central Sangre de Cristo fault zone on the east.\r\n\r\nThe oldest rocks in the map area are Proterozoic granites and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, which are only exposed in a small hill on the west-central part of the mesa.  The low hills that rise above San Pedro mesa are comprised of middle(?) Miocene volcanic rocks that are undated, but possibly correlative with mapped rocks to the east of Sanchez Reservoir. The bulk of the map area is comprised of the Servilleta Basalt, a regional series of flood basalts of Pliocene age. The west, north, and northeast margins of the mesa are covered by extensive landslide deposits that rest on poorly exposed sediment of the Santa Fe Group.  Rare exposures of the sediment are comprised of siltstones, sandstones, and minor fluvial conglomerates.\r\n\r\nMost of the low ground surrounding the mesa is covered by surficial deposits of Quaternary age.  The piedmont alluvium is subdivided into three Pleistocene units, and three Holocene units.  The oldest Pleistocene gravel (unit Qao) forms an extensive coalesced alluvial fan and piedmont surface that is known as the Costilla Plains.  This surface extends west from San Pedro Mesa to the Rio Grande.\r\n\r\nThe primary geologic hazards in the map are are from earthquakes and landslides.  There are three major fault zones in the area (as discussed above), and they all show evidence for late Pleistocene to possible Holocene movement.  Two generations of landslides are mapped (younger and older), and both may have seismogenic origins.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071074","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.A., Machette, M., and Drenth, B.J., 2007, Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1074, Map: 44 x 34 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071074.","productDescription":"Map: 44 x 34 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110733,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81473.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81473"},{"id":194909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9854,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.51777777777778,37 ], [ -105.51777777777778,37.1175 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37.1175 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37 ], [ -105.51777777777778,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cc05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Ren A. 0000-0002-3044-3043 rathomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-3043","contributorId":1265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ren","email":"rathomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80004,"text":"fs20073035 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program - Science Supporting Mineral Resource Stewardship","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:08","indexId":"fs20073035","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3035","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program - Science Supporting Mineral Resource Stewardship","docAbstract":"The United States is the world's largest user of mineral resources. We use them to build our homes and cities, fertilize our food crops, and create wealth that allows us to buy goods and services. Individuals rarely use nonfuel mineral resources in their natural state - we buy light bulbs, not the silica, soda ash, lime, coal, salt, tungsten, copper, nickel, molybdenum, iron, manganese, aluminum, and zinc used to convert electricity into light.\r\n\r\nThe USGS Mineral Resources Program (MRP) is the sole Federal source of scientific information and unbiased research on nonfuel mineral potential, production, and consumption, as well as on the environmental effects of\r\nminerals. The MRP also provides baseline geochemical, geophysical, and mineral-deposit data used to understand environmental issues related to extraction\r\nand use of mineral resources. Understanding how minerals, water, plants, and organisms interact contributes to our understanding of the environment, which is essential for maintaining human and ecosystem health. To support creation\r\nof economic and national security policies in a global context, MRP collects\r\nand analyzes data on essential mineral commodities from around the world.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073035","usgsCitation":"Kropschot, S., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program - Science Supporting Mineral Resource Stewardship (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3035, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073035.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3035.jpg"},{"id":9745,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db61307c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kropschot, S.J.","contributorId":8456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kropschot","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79704,"text":"ofr20071062 - 2007 - Mountain Lions of the Flagstaff Uplands: 2003-2006 Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:37","indexId":"ofr20071062","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1062","title":"Mountain Lions of the Flagstaff Uplands: 2003-2006 Progress Report","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nStakeholders in management of mountain lions in the Flagstaff Uplands of northern Arizona have expressed increasing concern about both potential impacts of humans on lions and potential risks posed by lions to humans. A series of human-mountain lion encounters during 2000-2001 on Mt. Elden, immediately adjacent to Flagstaff, and similar incidents during 2004 near Tucson brought increased attention to management of human safety in mountain lion range. These human-centered concerns, together with long-standing questions about how the human infrastructure centered on Flagstaff might be affecting lion movements led us to initiate a mountain lion study in 2003 which we plan to continue through 2009. Our study focuses on movements and other behaviors of mountain lions, with the goal of providing information that can be used to increase human safety, decrease human impacts, and, overall, provide insight into the ecology of lions in this region. To serve this goal, we have focused on collecting data that will be the basis of explanatory models that can provide spatially-explicit predictions of mountain lion activity, specify the effects of human facilities, such as highways and urban areas, and provide insight into when, where, and how often different kinds of lions kill different kinds of prey. \r\n\r\nDuring 2003-2006, we captured six female and five male mountain lions in the Flagstaff Uplands, 10 of which we fitted with collars that collected up to six high-precision GPS fixes per day, transmitted daily to our offices via Argos satellites. This timely delivery of data allowed us to visit kill sites and other foci of localized activity to collect detailed information on lion behavior. By June 2006 we had obtained 9357 GPS locations and visited 394 sites, at which we documented 218 kills, 165 of which were by five females and 53 by five males. These data were the basis for preliminary analyses presented in this report. All lions during all seasons exhibited a strong selection for rough terrain and forest or woodland cover. Females differed from males by selecting more strongly for intermediate, rather than extreme, levels of terrain roughness, by selecting more strongly for chaparral vegetation and related rocky areas during winter, and by not selecting as strongly for areas near water sources. Overall, lions collared during this study strongly avoided flat open areas in private ownership. Male but not female lions exhibited pronounced selection for National Park Service jurisdictions. Both males and females year-round avoided residential areas and a zone outward to about 1-3 km and, when within this zone, moved more slowly and with less change in direction compared to when farther away. Collared lions have so far rarely crossed paved highways of any description - orders of magnitude less often than expected by chance. We observed only 3 crossings of an interstate highway, all on I17 and none on I40. \r\n\r\nElk comprised the majority (52%) of kills by lions in our study, followed by mule deer (46%), and small mammals (15%). Adults comprised most of the mule deer kills (68%) and mesocarnivores, primarily coyotes (n = 21), comprised 73% of smaller prey. Calf and short-yearling elk comprised the largest single category of kills (29%). In addition to kills, we documented seven instances of scavenging, involving four different lions. Females differed from males by killing more mule deer and virtually all of the mesocarnivores, and by killing fewer elk of all ages. Intervals between kills averaged between 144 hrs (young females) to 221 hours (adult females), whereas average time spent on a kill ranged from 19 hrs (adult males) to 40 hrs (young males). Carcass mass had a strong effect on likelihood that a lion would bury or relocate a kill, the percentage of edibles consumed, and overall time spent feeding. Time spent feeding and likelihoods of carcass burial and relocation all peaked at intermediate carcass masses, suggesting an optimal mass in the range of 50-150 kg, likely dictated as much by handling efficiencies and competition from other scavengers as by a lion's shear ability to kill prey. Adult male lions exhibited a life strategy distinctly different from all other sex-age classes that entailed moving more rapidly over larger areas, and spending less time on kills in which they invested less energy handling, but from which they consumed tissue at a higher sustained rate. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071062","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D.J., 2007, Mountain Lions of the Flagstaff Uplands: 2003-2006 Progress Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1062, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071062.","productDescription":"68 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9340,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1062/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.8,34.333333333333336 ], [ -111.8,35.5 ], [ -111,35.5 ], [ -111,34.333333333333336 ], [ -111.8,34.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b47cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, David J. david_mattson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"david_mattson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79605,"text":"sir20065138 - 2007 - Ground-Water Quality of the Northern High Plains Aquifer, 1997, 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:10","indexId":"sir20065138","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5138","title":"Ground-Water Quality of the Northern High Plains Aquifer, 1997, 2002-04","docAbstract":"An assessment of ground-water quality in the northern High Plains aquifer was completed during 1997 and 2002-04. Ground-water samples were collected at 192 low-capacity, primarily domestic wells in four major hydrogeologic units of the northern High Plains aquifer-Ogallala Formation, Eastern Nebraska, Sand Hills, and Platte River Valley. Each well was sampled once, and water samples were analyzed for physical properties and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, pesticides and pesticide degradates, dissolved solids, major ions, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), radon, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Tritium and microbiology were analyzed at selected sites. The results of this assessment were used to determine the current water-quality conditions in this subregion of the High Plains aquifer and to relate ground-water quality to natural and human factors affecting water quality.\r\n\r\nWater-quality analyses indicated that water samples rarely exceeded established U.S. Environmental Protection Agency public drinking-water standards for those constituents sampled; 13 of the constituents measured or analyzed exceeded their respective standards in at least one sample. The constituents that most often failed to meet drinking-water standards were dissolved solids (13 percent of samples exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Drinking-Water Regulation) and arsenic (8 percent of samples exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level). Nitrate, uranium, iron, and manganese concentrations were larger than drinking-water standards in 6 percent of the samples.\r\n\r\nGround-water chemistry varied among hydrogeologic units. Wells sampled in the Platte River Valley and Eastern Nebraska units exceeded water-quality standards more often than the Ogallala Formation and Sand Hills units. Thirty-one percent of the samples collected in the Platte River Valley unit had nitrate concentrations greater than the standard, 22 percent exceeded the manganese standard, 19 percent exceeded the sulfate standard, 26 percent exceeded the uranium standard, and 38 percent exceeded the dissolved-solids standard. In addition, 78 percent of samples had at least one detectable pesticide and 22 percent of samples had at least one detectable VOC. In the Eastern Nebraska unit, 30 percent of the samples collected had dissolved-solids concentrations larger than the standard, 23 percent exceeded the iron standard, 13 percent exceeded the manganese standard, 10 percent exceeded the arsenic standard, 7 percent exceeded the sulfate standard, 7 percent exceeded the uranium standard, and 7 percent exceeded the selenium standard. No samples exceeded the nitrate standard. Thirty percent of samples had at least one detectable pesticide compound and 10 percent of samples had at least one detectable VOC. In contrast, the Sand Hills and Ogallala Formation units had fewer detections of anthropogenic compounds and drinking-water exceedances. In the Sand Hills unit, 15 percent of the samples exceeded the arsenic standard, 4 percent exceeded the nitrate standard, 4 percent exceeded the uranium standard, 4 percent exceeded the iron standard, and 4 percent exceeded the dissolved-solids standard. Fifteen percent of samples had at least one pesticide compound detected and 4 percent had at least one VOC detected. In the Ogallala Formation unit, 6 percent of water samples exceeded the arsenic standard, 4 percent exceeded the dissolved-solids standard, 3 percent exceeded the nitrate standard, 2 percent exceeded the manganese standard, 1 percent exceeded the iron standard, 1 percent exceeded the sulfate standard, and 1 percent exceeded the uranium standard. Eight percent of samples collected in the Ogallala Formation unit had at least one pesticide detected and 6 percent had at least one VOC detected. Differences in ground-water chemistry among the hydrogeologic units were attributed to variable depth to water, depth of the well screen below the water table, reduction-oxidation conditions, ground-water residence time, interactions with surface water, composition of aquifer sediments, extent of cropland, extent of irrigated land, and fertilizer application rates.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065138","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.S., and Qi, S.L., 2007, Ground-Water Quality of the Northern High Plains Aquifer, 1997, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5138, viii, 60 p.; CD-ROM; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065138.","productDescription":"viii, 60 p.; CD-ROM; data files","numberOfPages":"68","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9228,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5138/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d513","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074265,"text":"ofr20071047SRP019 - 2007 - Paleocene and Maastrichtian calcareous nannofossils from clasts in Pleistocene  glaciomarine muds from the northern James Ross Basin, western Weddell Sea,  Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-29T08:24:34","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP019","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-17T11:18:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-019","title":"Paleocene and Maastrichtian calcareous nannofossils from clasts in Pleistocene  glaciomarine muds from the northern James Ross Basin, western Weddell Sea,  Antarctica","docAbstract":"Site NBP0602A-9, drilled during the SHALDRIL II cruise of the RV/IB Nathaniel B. Palmer, includes two \nholes located in the northern James Ross Basin in the western Weddell Sea, very close to the eastern margin of the \nAntarctic Peninsula. Sediment from both holes consists of very dark grey, pebbly, sandy mud, grading to very dark \ngreenish grey, pebbly, silty mud in the lower 2.5 m of the second hole. In addition to abundant pebbles found \nthroughout the cores, both holes contain numerous sedimentary clasts. Biostratigraphic analysis of diatom assemblages \nfrom the glaciomarine muds yields rare to few, poorly preserved diatoms. The mixed assemblage consists mostly of \nextant species, but also includes reworked taxa that range to the Miocene. The absence of Rouxia spp., however, \nsuggests the sediment is late Pleistocene in age. The sedimentary clasts, on the other hand, are nearly barren of diatoms, \nbut contain rare, moderately to well-preserved calcareous nannofossils. The clasts contain three distinct assemblages. \nTwo clasts are assigned an early Maastrichtian age based on the presence of Biscutum magnum and Nephrolithus \ncorystus, while one clast yields a late Maastrichtian age based on the presence of Nephrolithus frequens. These samples \nalso contain other characteristic Late Cretaceous species, including Biscutum notaculum, Cribrosphaerella daniae, \nEiffellithus gorkae, Kamptnerius magnificus, and Prediscosphaera bukryi. Two samples yield an early Paleocene \nassemblage dominated by Hornibrookina teuriensis. The Maastrichtian assemblages are similar to those found in the \nLópez de Bertodano Formation on Seymour and Snow Hill Islands, making it the likely source area for the Cretaceous \nclast material. Although no calcareous nannofossils have been reported from Paleocene formations on these islands, the \noccurrence of calcareous foraminifers suggests other calcareous plankton may be present; thus the Paleocene clasts \nlikely also originated from the Seymour Island area.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP019","usgsCitation":"Kulhanek, D., 2007, Paleocene and Maastrichtian calcareous nannofossils from clasts in Pleistocene  glaciomarine muds from the northern James Ross Basin, western Weddell Sea,  Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-019, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP019.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP019.png"},{"id":281605,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp019/of2007-1047srp019.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6a76e4b0b2908510344f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kulhanek, D.K.","contributorId":66172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulhanek","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175278,"text":"70175278 - 2007 - Effects of predation by sea ducks on clam abundance in soft-bottom intertidal habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T15:39:30","indexId":"70175278","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of predation by sea ducks on clam abundance in soft-bottom intertidal habitats","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent studies have documented strong, top-down predation effects of sea ducks on mussel populations in rocky intertidal communities. However, the impact of these gregarious predators in soft-bottom communities has been largely unexplored. We evaluated effects of predation by wintering surf scoters&nbsp;</span><i>Melanitta perspicillata</i><span>&nbsp;and white-winged scoters&nbsp;</span><i>M. fusca</i><span>&nbsp;on clam populations in soft-bottom intertidal habitats of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Specifically, we documented spatial and temporal variation in clam density (clams m</span><span>&ndash;2</span><span>), scoter diet composition, and the consequences of scoter predation on clam abundance. Of the 3 most numerous clams, Manila clams&nbsp;</span><i>Venerupis philippinarum</i><span>&nbsp;and varnish clams&nbsp;</span><i>Nuttallia obscurata</i><span>&nbsp;were the primary prey items of both scoter species, while clams of the genus&nbsp;</span><i>Macoma</i><span>&nbsp;were rarely consumed by scoters. Between scoter arrival in the fall and departure in the spring, Manila clams decreased in density at most sample sites, while varnish clam densities did not change or declined slightly. Our estimates of numbers of clams consumed by scoters accounted for most of the observed declines in combined abundance of Manila and varnish clams, despite the presence of numerous other vertebrate and invertebrate species known to consume clams. For&nbsp;</span><i>Macoma</i><span>&nbsp;spp., we detected an over-winter increase in density, presumably due to growth of clams too small to be retained by our sieve (&lt;5 mm) during fall sampling, in addition to the lack of predation pressure by scoters. These results illustrate the strong predation potential of scoters in soft-bottom intertidal habitats, as well as their potentially important role in shaping community structure.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf/Luhe, Germany","doi":"10.3354/meps329131","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Esler, D., and Boyd, W.S., 2007, Effects of predation by sea ducks on clam abundance in soft-bottom intertidal habitats: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 329, p. 131-144, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps329131.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps329131","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":326073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.99557495117186,\n              49.677403884483425\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.7991943359375,\n              49.674737880665994\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.62890625,\n              49.51005182543569\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.70306396484376,\n              49.45294986406723\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.74700927734374,\n              49.429733169930664\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.81979370117188,\n              49.38863055043897\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.12741088867188,\n              49.62049743433884\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.99557495117186,\n              49.677403884483425\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"329","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315bee4b006cb45558a6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler 0000-0002-4998-3031 tlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3031","contributorId":169307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler","email":"tlewis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, W. Sean","contributorId":11048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207681,"text":"70207681 - 2007 - Late Neogene ice drainage changes in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica and the interaction of Antarctic ice sheet evolution and climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-08T13:10:56.754716","indexId":"70207681","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-06T11:06:41","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene ice drainage changes in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica and the interaction of Antarctic ice sheet evolution and climate","docAbstract":"<p><span>During the late Neogene, the Lambert Glacier–Amery Ice Shelf drainage system flowed across Prydz Bay and showed several changes in flow pattern. In the Early Pliocene, the Lambert Glacier ice stream reached the shelf edge and built a trough mouth fan on the upper continental slope. This was associated with an increase in ice discharge from the Princess Elizabeth Land coast into Prydz Bay. The trough mouth fan consists mostly of debris flow deposits derived from the melting out of subglacial debris at the grounding line at the continental shelf edge. The composition of debris changes at around 1.1&nbsp;Ma BP from material derived from erosion of the Lambert Graben and Prydz Bay Basin to mostly basement derived material. This probably results from a reduction in the depth of erosion and hence the volume of ice in the system. In the trough mouth fan, debris flow intervals are separated by thin mudstone horizons deposited when the ice had retreated from the shelf edge. Age control in an Ocean Drilling Program hole indicates that most of the trough mouth fan was deposited prior to the Brunhes–Matuyama Boundary (780&nbsp;ka BP). This stratigraphy indicates that extreme ice advances in Prydz Bay were rare after the mid Pleistocene, and that ice discharge from Princess Elizabeth Land became more dominant than the Lambert Glacier ice in shelf grounding episodes, since the mid Pleistocene. Mechanisms that might have produced this change are extreme inner shelf erosion and/or decreasing ice accumulation in the interior of East Antarctica. We interpret this pattern as reflecting the increasing elevation of coastal ice through time and the increasing continentality of the interior of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The mid Pleistocene change to 100&nbsp;ka climatic and sea level cycles may also have affected the critical relationship between ice dynamics and the symmetry or asymmetry of the interglacial/glacial climate cycle duration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.09.002","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, P., Goodwin, I., Forsberg, C., Cooper, A.K., and Whitehead, J., 2007, Late Neogene ice drainage changes in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica and the interaction of Antarctic ice sheet evolution and climate: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 245, no. 3-4, p. 390-410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.09.002.","productDescription":"21 .p","startPage":"390","endPage":"410","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Prydz Bay, East Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              21.796875,\n              -77.31251993823142\n            ],\n            [\n              84.375,\n              -77.31251993823142\n            ],\n            [\n              84.375,\n              -57.51582286553883\n            ],\n            [\n              21.796875,\n              -57.51582286553883\n            ],\n            [\n              21.796875,\n              -77.31251993823142\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"245","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, P.E.","contributorId":220268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Brien","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodwin, I.D.","contributorId":81676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"I.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsberg, C.F.","contributorId":221587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forsberg","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27452,"text":"Norwegian Geotechnical Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitehead, J.","contributorId":54409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047537,"text":"sir20075289B - 2007 - Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in <i>Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:57:48","indexId":"sir20075289B","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:21:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5289","chapter":"B","title":"Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in <i>Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project</i>","docAbstract":"This paper summarizes the results of field and laboratory investigations, including whole-rock geochemistry and \nradiogenic isotopes, of outcrop and drill core samples from \nvolcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and associated \nmetaigneous rocks in the Wood River area of the Bonnifield \nmining district, northern Alaska Range (see fig. 1 of Editors’ \nPreface and Overview). U-Pb zircon igneous crystallization \nages from felsic rocks indicate a prolonged period of Late \nDevonian to Early Mississippian (373&plusmn;3 to 357&plusmn;4 million \nyears before present, or Ma) magmatism. This magmatism \noccurred in a basinal setting along the ancient Pacific margin \nof North America. The siliceous and carbonaceous compositions of metasedimentary rocks, Precambrian model ages \nbased on U-Pb dating of zircon and neodymium ages, and \nfor some units, radiogenic neodymium isotopic compositions and whole-rock trace-element ratios similar to those of \ncontinental crust are evidence for this setting. Red Mountain \n(also known as Dry Creek) and WTF, two of the largest \nVMS deposits, are hosted in peralkaline metarhyolite of the \nMystic Creek Member of the Totatlanika Schist. The Mystic \nCreek Member is distinctive in having high concentrations of \nhigh-field-strength elements (HFSE) and rare-earth elements \n(REE), indicative of formation in a within-plate (extensional) \nsetting. Mystic Creek metarhyolite is associated with alkalic, \nwithin-plate basalt of the Chute Creek Member; neodymium \nisotopic data indicate an enriched mantle component for both \nmembers of this bimodal (rhyolite-basalt) suite. Anderson \nMountain, the other significant VMS deposit, is hosted by \nthe Wood River assemblage. Metaigneous rocks in the Wood \nRiver assemblage span a wide compositional range, including \nandesitic rocks, which are characteristic of arc volcanism. Our \ndata suggest that the Mystic Creek Member likely formed in \nan extensional, back-arc basin that was associated with an outboard continental-margin volcanic arc that included rocks of the Wood River assemblage. We suggest that elevated HFSE \nand REE trace-element contents of metavolcanic rocks, whose \nmajor-element composition may have been altered, are an \nimportant prospecting tool for rocks of VMS deposit potential \nin east-central Alaska.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289B","collaboration":"This report is Chapter B in <i>Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/\" target=\"_blank\">Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289</a>.","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Aleinikoff, J.N., Premo, W.R., Paradis, S., and Lohr-Schmidt, I., 2007, Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in <i>Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289B.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289b.png"},{"id":276241,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"},{"id":276242,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-B.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdf0e4b0403aa6262a93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509557,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509558,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paradis, Suzanne","contributorId":31666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paradis","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lohr-Schmidt, Ilana","contributorId":93370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr-Schmidt","given":"Ilana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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