A geochemical study was conducted on 37 springs discharging from the Toroweap Formation, Coconino Sandstone, Hermit Formation, Supai Group, and Redwall Limestone north of the Grand Canyon near areas of breccia-pipe uranium mining. Baseline concentrations were established for the elements As, B, Li, Se, SiO2, Sr, Tl, U, and V. Three springs exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standards: Fence Spring for arsenic, Pigeon Spring for selenium and uranium, and Willow (Hack) Spring for selenium. The majority of the spring sites had uranium values of less than 10 micrograms per liter (μg/L), but six springs discharging from all of the geologic units studied that are located stratigraphically above the Redwall Limestone had uranium values greater than 10 μg/L (Cottonwood [Tuckup], Grama, Pigeon, Rock, and Willow [Hack and Snake Gulch] Springs). The geochemical characteristics of these six springs with elevated uranium include Ca-Mg-SO4 water type, circumneutral pH, high specific conductance, correlation and multivariate associations between U, Mo, Sr, Se, Li, and Zn, low 87Sr/86Sr, low 234U/238U activity ratios (1.34–2.31), detectable tritium, and carbon isotopic interpretation indicating they may be a mixture of modern and pre-modern waters. Similar geochemical compositions of spring waters having elevated uranium concentrations are observed at sites located both near and away from sites of uranium-mining activities in the present study. Therefore, mining does not appear to explain the presence of elevated uranium concentrations in groundwater at the six springs noted above. The elevated uranium at the six previously mentioned springs may be influenced by iron mineralization associated with mineralized breccia pipe deposits. Six springs discharging from the Coconino Sandstone (Upper Jumpup, Little, Horse, and Slide Springs) and Redwall Limestone (Kanab and Side Canyon Springs) contained water with corrected radiocarbon ages as much as 9,300 years old. Of the springs discharging water with radiocarbon age, Kanab and Side Canyon Springs contain tritium of more than 1.3 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), indicating they may contain a component of modern water recharged after 1952. Springs containing high values of tritium (greater than 5.1 pCi/L), which may suggest a significant component of modern water, include Willow (Hack), Saddle Horse, Cottonwood (Tuckup), Hotel, Bitter, Unknown, Hole in the Wall, and Hanging Springs. Fence and Rider Springs, located on the eastern end of the study area near the Colorado River, have distinctly different geochemical compositions compared to the other springs of the study. Additionally, water from Fence Spring has the highest 87Sr/86Sr for samples analyzed from this study with a value greater than those known in sedimentary rocks from the region. Strontium isotope data likely indicate that water discharging at Fence Spring has interacted with Precambrian basement rocks. Rider Spring had the most depleted values of stable O and H isotopes indicating that recharge, if recent, occurred at higher elevations or was recharged during earlier, cooler-climate conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Beisner, K.R., Tillman, F.D., Anderson, J.R., Antweiler, R.C., and Bills, D.J., 2017, Geochemical characterization of groundwater discharging from springs north of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, 2009–2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5068, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175068.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 58 p.; 6 Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084230","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/sir20175068_appendixes.xlsx","text":"Appendixes 1–6","size":"85 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5068"},{"id":344517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/sir20175068_.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5068"},{"id":344516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.4,\n 35.6\n ],\n [\n -111.6,\n 35.6\n ],\n [\n -111.6,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.4,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.4,\n 35.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
(520) 670-6671
Geoelectric fields at the Earth's surface caused by magnetic storms constitute a hazard to the operation of electric power grids and related infrastructure. The ability to estimate these geoelectric fields in close to real time and provide local predictions would better equip the industry to mitigate negative impacts on their operations. Here we report progress toward this goal: development of robust algorithms that convolve a magnetic storm time series with a frequency domain impedance for a realistic three-dimensional (3-D) Earth, to estimate the local, storm time geoelectric field. Both frequency domain and time domain approaches are presented and validated against storm time geoelectric field data measured in Japan. The methods are then compared in the context of a real-time application.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017SW001594","usgsCitation":"Kelbert, A., Balch, C., Pulkkinen, A., Egbert, G.D., Love, J.J., Rigler, E.J., and Fujii, I., 2017, Methodology for time-domain estimation of storm time geoelectric fields using the 3-D magnetotelluric response tensors: Space Weather, v. 15, no. 7, p. 874-894, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001594.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"874","endPage":"894","ipdsId":"IP-086748","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/53630","text":"External Repository"},{"id":346474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59dddc0be4b05fe04ccd05d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelbert, Anna 0000-0003-4395-398X akelbert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-398X","contributorId":184053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelbert","given":"Anna","email":"akelbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balch, Christopher","contributorId":156386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balch","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":20337,"text":"NOAA Space Weather Prediciton Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pulkkinen, Antti","contributorId":196970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pulkkinen","given":"Antti","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Egbert, Gary D.","contributorId":187462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egbert","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rigler, E. Joshua 0000-0003-4850-3953 erigler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-3953","contributorId":4367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"E.","email":"erigler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fujii, Ikuko","contributorId":196971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"Ikuko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70190366,"text":"70190366 - 2017 - An assessment of food habits, prey availability, and nesting success of golden eagles within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan Area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T13:55:33","indexId":"70190366","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"An assessment of food habits, prey availability, and nesting success of golden eagles within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan Area","docAbstract":"Within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan area, which encompasses California’s Mojave Desert, development and operation of renewable energy facilities has the potential to\nimpact golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) populations through loss of habitat and prey base. Developing an effective conservation strategy that aims to mitigate for such operations is\nnecessary to lessen these impacts; however, this requires site-specific knowledge of how golden eagle productivity is influenced by variability in prey abundance. In this study, researchers\nstudied the food habits, prey availability, and nesting success of golden eagles in the conservation plan area over two seasons (2014 and 2015). In addition, as part of a collaborative\nresearch effort funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the same research was conducted within the adjoining Mojave Desert ecoregion of southern Nevada; these research results are\npresented as well.\nTo examine prey availability, researchers conducted nocturnal spotlight surveys along 140 fivekilometer transects. Diet selection was determined using motion-activated trail cameras and by\ncollecting prey remains at 20 active nests. Nesting success was determined by conducting occupancy and reproductive assessment surveys within 50 historic breeding areas and\nevaluating camera data collected at active nests. Preliminary results indicate high spatial variability in prey species abundance and selection. Black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus californicus)\nrepresented over half the available prey, as well as nearly half the prey species identified by nest cameras.\nOverall, nesting success was 47 percent. Productivity was 0.67 young per occupied breeding area, and mean brood size was 1.4 young per successful nest. No evidence was found indicating\nthat camera installation caused nest failures or influenced eagle behavior for any sites. Results from this project are incorporated into a spatial demographic model linking prey availability\nand abundance to golden eagle productivity across a changing Mojave Desert landscape.","language":"English","publisher":"California Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Longshore, K.M., Esque, T., Nussear, K., Johnson, D., Simes, M., and Inman, R.D., 2017, An assessment of food habits, prey availability, and nesting success of golden eagles within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan Area, xi, 57 p.","productDescription":"xi, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"66","ipdsId":"IP-079210","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345215,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/2017publications/CEC-500-2017-003/CEC-500-2017-003.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.597412109375,\n 34.31621838080741\n ],\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 34.31621838080741\n ],\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 37.98750437106374\n ],\n [\n -118.597412109375,\n 37.98750437106374\n ],\n [\n -118.597412109375,\n 34.31621838080741\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d41e4b0fd9b77ce47a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth","contributorId":194538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":24618,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Diego R.","contributorId":189565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Diego R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simes, Matthew 0000-0001-8982-5057 msimes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-5057","contributorId":167231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simes","given":"Matthew","email":"msimes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Inman, Richard D. 0000-0002-1982-7791 rdinman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-7791","contributorId":187754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"Richard","email":"rdinman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191321,"text":"70191321 - 2017 - A validation of 11 body-condition indices in a giant snake species that exhibits positive allometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T11:13:01","indexId":"70191321","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A validation of 11 body-condition indices in a giant snake species that exhibits positive allometry","docAbstract":"Body condition is a gauge of the energy stores of an animal, and though it has important implications for fitness, survival, competition, and disease, it is difficult to measure directly. Instead, body condition is frequently estimated as a body condition index (BCI) using length and mass measurements. A desirable BCI should accurately reflect true body condition and be unbiased with respect to size (i.e., mean BCI estimates should not change across different length or mass ranges), and choosing the most-appropriate BCI is not straightforward. We evaluated 11 different BCIs in 248 Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus), organisms that, like other snakes, exhibit simple body plans well characterized by length and mass. We found that the length-mass relationship in Burmese pythons is positively allometric, where mass increases rapidly with respect to length, and this allowed us to explore the effects of allometry on BCI verification. We employed three alternative measures of ‘true’ body condition: percent fat, scaled fat, and residual fat. The latter two measures mostly accommodated allometry in true body condition, but percent fat did not. Our inferences of the best-performing BCIs depended heavily on our measure of true body condition, with most BCIs falling into one of two groups. The first group contained most BCIs based on ratios, and these were associated with percent fat and body length (i.e., were biased). The second group contained the scaled mass index and most of the BCIs based on linear regressions, and these were associated with both scaled and residual fat but not body length (i.e., were unbiased). Our results show that potential differences in measures of true body condition should be explored in BCI verification studies, particularly in organisms undergoing allometric growth. Furthermore, the caveats of each BCI and similarities to other BCIs are important to consider when determining which BCI is appropriate for any particular taxon.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0180791","usgsCitation":"Falk, B., Snow, R.W., and Reed, R., 2017, A validation of 11 body-condition indices in a giant snake species that exhibits positive allometry: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180791.","productDescription":"e0180791; 20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-079397","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180791","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ST7NCG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sex, length, total mass, fat mass, and specimen condition data for 248 Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) collected in the Florida Everglades"},{"id":346382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d5f345e4b05fe04cc652ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falk, Bryan 0000-0002-9690-5626 bfalk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-5626","contributorId":150075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Bryan","email":"bfalk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snow, Ray W.","contributorId":76449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13415,"text":"Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":711916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":149307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":711917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190373,"text":"70190373 - 2017 - Lichens and microfungi in biocrusts: Structure and function now and in the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T18:31:55.473393","indexId":"70190373","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Lichens and microfungi in biocrusts: Structure and function now and in the future","docAbstract":"Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are formed by soil-surface communities of biota that live within, or immediately on top of, the uppermost millimeters of soil. They consist of cyanobacteria, algae, mosses, microfungi, and lichenized fungi (hereafter, lichens). Cyanobacterial and microfungal filaments, rhizinae and rhizomorphs of lichens, and rhizinae and protonemata of bryophytes weave throughout the top few millimeters of soil, gluing loose soil particles together (Fig. 1). The intimate association between soil particles and organisms forms a coherent crust. A quantitative estimate of global biological crust cover is difficult to obtain and not yet available, but the worldwide coverage of the terrestrial surface by biocrusts is very high. In arid and semiarid areas, biocrusts may constitute up to or more than 70% of the living cover and dryland (hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, and polar deserts) ecosystems, where they often dominate, cover ~40% of the terrestrial land mass (Pointing and Belnap 2014).\nLichens and microfungi are an essential and often dominant part of biocrusts. About one fifth (19 %) of all known species of fungi are lichenized; that is, they form a stable symbiotic association with green algal or/and cyanobacterial photobionts that provide nutrients for the mycobiont (fungi). The vast majority of lichenized fungi belong to the Ascomycota, with 42% of all fungi in this group forming lichens (Kirk et al., 2001). About 85% of lichen-forming fungi are symbiotic with Chlorophyta (green algae, creating \"chlorolichens), approximately 10% with Cyanophyta, (creating \"cyanolichens\"), and the remainder are associated simultaneously with both groups. About 40 genera of photobionts have been identified in lichens: 25 are green algae and 15 are cyanobacteria. \n\tThe autotrophic lifestyle of lichens requires an exposure of the green thallus to light. Most lichens are long-lived organisms with high habitat specificity. They are especially ecologically successful in dryland areas where competition with phanerogamous vegetation is reduced. It is estimated that approximately 8% of the earth's terrestrial surface has lichens as its most dominant life-form (Ahmadjian 1995). One of their most important habitats are biocrusts, which lichens often dominate. \nIn the present Chapter we concentrate on those widely distributed biocrusts in which free-living and lichenized fungi play a dominating role. We describe their community structure, analyze the special properties and functions of these organisms as key members of biocrusts, and then discuss the function of the fungi-rich biocrusts as components of larger ecosystems and landscapes (for details and specific literature, see Belnap and Lange 2003).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The fungal community","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","doi":"10.1201/9781315119496-11","usgsCitation":"Belnap, J., and Lange, O.L., 2017, Lichens and microfungi in biocrusts: Structure and function now and in the future, chap. 10 of The fungal community, p. 137-158, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315119496-11.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"158","ipdsId":"IP-071482","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d41e4b0fd9b77ce479c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dighton, J.","contributorId":47201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dighton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708884,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, James F.","contributorId":152046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708885,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lange, Otto L.","contributorId":195959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lange","given":"Otto","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189893,"text":"70189893 - 2017 - Future research needs involving pathogens in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:18:21","indexId":"70189893","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future research needs involving pathogens in groundwater","docAbstract":"Contamination of groundwater by enteric pathogens has commonly been associated with disease outbreaks. Proper management and treatment of pathogen sources are important prerequisites for preventing groundwater contamination. However, non-point sources of pathogen contamination are frequently difficult to identify, and existing approaches for pathogen detection are costly and only provide semi-quantitative information. Microbial indicators that are readily quantified often do not correlate with the presence of pathogens. Pathogens of emerging concern and increasing detections of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens in groundwater are topics of growing concern. Adequate removal of pathogens during soil passage is therefore critical for safe groundwater extraction. Processes that enhance pathogen transport (e.g., high velocity zones and preferential flow) and diminish pathogen removal (e.g., reversible retention and enhanced survival) are of special concern because they increase the risk of groundwater contamination, but are still incompletely understood. Improved theory and modeling tools are needed to analyze experimental data, test hypotheses, understand coupled processes and controlling mechanisms, predict spatial and/or temporal variability in model parameters and uncertainty in pathogen concentrations, assess risk, and develop mitigation and best management approaches to protect groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1501-0","usgsCitation":"Bradford, S.A., and Harvey, R.W., 2017, Future research needs involving pathogens in groundwater: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 25, no. 4, p. 931-938, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1501-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"931","endPage":"938","ipdsId":"IP-080143","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59819313e4b0e2f5d463b791","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, Scott A.","contributorId":194257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradford","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192043,"text":"70192043 - 2017 - Mapping tree density in forests of the southwestern USA using Landsat 8 data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T15:47:41","indexId":"70192043","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping tree density in forests of the southwestern USA using Landsat 8 data","docAbstract":"The increase of tree density in forests of the American Southwest promotes extreme fire events, understory biodiversity losses, and degraded habitat conditions for many wildlife species. To ameliorate these changes, managers and scientists have begun planning treatments aimed at reducing fuels and increasing understory biodiversity. However, spatial variability in tree density across the landscape is not well-characterized, and if better known, could greatly influence planning efforts. We used reflectance values from individual Landsat 8 bands (bands 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) and calculated vegetation indices (difference vegetation index, simple ratios, and normalized vegetation indices) to estimate tree density in an area planned for treatment in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, characterized by multiple vegetation types and a complex topography. Because different vegetation types have different spectral signatures, we derived models with multiple predictor variables for each vegetation type, rather than using a single model for the entire project area, and compared the model-derived values to values collected from on-the-ground transects. Among conifer-dominated areas (73% of the project area), the best models (as determined by corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc)) included Landsat bands 2, 3, 4, and 7 along with simple ratios, normalized vegetation indices, and the difference vegetation index (R2 values for ponderosa: 0.47, piñon-juniper: 0.52, and spruce-fir: 0.66). On the other hand, in aspen-dominated areas (9% of the project area), the best model included individual bands 4 and 2, simple ratio, and normalized vegetation index (R2 value: 0.97). Most areas dominated by ponderosa, pinyon-juniper, or spruce-fir had more than 100 trees per hectare. About 54% of the study area has medium to high density of trees (100–1000 trees/hectare), and a small fraction (4.5%) of the area has very high density (>1000 trees/hectare). Our results provide a better understanding of tree density for identifying areas in need of treatment and planning for more effective treatment. Our analysis also provides an integrated method of estimating tree density across complex landscapes that could be useful for further restoration planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f8080287","usgsCitation":"Humagain, K., Portillo-Quintero, C., Cox, R.D., and Cain, J.W., 2017, Mapping tree density in forests of the southwestern USA using Landsat 8 data: Forests, v. 8, no. 8, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.3390/f8080287.","productDescription":"Article 287; 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-087221","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f8080287","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.78092956542969,\n 35.621023736228004\n ],\n [\n -106.40396118164062,\n 35.621023736228004\n ],\n [\n -106.40396118164062,\n 36.00134056648952\n ],\n [\n -106.78092956542969,\n 36.00134056648952\n ],\n [\n -106.78092956542969,\n 35.621023736228004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a5e4b0220bbd9d9f44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Humagain, Kamal","contributorId":198375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humagain","given":"Kamal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Portillo-Quintero, Carlos","contributorId":198384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portillo-Quintero","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, Robert D.","contributorId":26240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193561,"text":"70193561 - 2017 - Geographic variation in winter adaptations of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-13T16:29:02","indexId":"70193561","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Geographic variation in winter adaptations of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus)","title":"Geographic variation in winter adaptations of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus)","docAbstract":"Understanding adaptations of nonhibernating northern endotherms to cope with extreme cold is important because climate-induced changes in winter temperatures and snow cover are predicted to impact these species the most. We compared winter pelage characteristics and heat production of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) on the southern edge of their range, in Pennsylvania (USA), to a northern population, in the Yukon (Canada), to investigate how hares might respond to changing environmental conditions. We also investigated how hares in Pennsylvania altered movement rates and resting spot selection to cope with variable winter temperatures. Hares from Pennsylvania had shorter, less dense, and less white winter coats than their northern counterparts, suggesting lower coat insulation. Hares in the southern population had lower pelage temperatures, indicating that they produced less heat than those in the northern population. In addition, hares in Pennsylvania did not select for resting spots that offered thermal advantages, but selected locations offering visual obstruction from predators. Movement rates were associated with ambient temperature, with the smallest movements occurring at the lower and upper range of observed ambient temperatures. Our results indicate that snowshoe hares may be able to adapt to future climate conditions via changes in pelage characteristics, metabolism, and behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2016-0165","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L., Diefenbach, D.R., and Sheriff, M., 2017, Geographic variation in winter adaptations of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 95, no. 8, p. 539-545, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0165.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"545","ipdsId":"IP-073614","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Laura C. 0000-0002-6390-4133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6390-4133","contributorId":200327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Laura C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheriff, M.J.","contributorId":92880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheriff","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193664,"text":"70193664 - 2017 - Can personality predict individual differences in brook trout spatial learning ability?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-13T14:26:17","indexId":"70193664","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":987,"text":"Behavioural Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can personality predict individual differences in brook trout spatial learning ability?","docAbstract":"While differences in individual personality are common in animal populations, understanding the ecological significance of variation has not yet been resolved. Evidence suggests that personality may influence learning and memory; a finding that could improve our understanding of the evolutionary processes that produce and maintain intraspecific behavioural heterogeneity. Here, we tested whether boldness, the most studied personality trait in fish, could predict learning ability in brook trout. After quantifying boldness, fish were trained to find a hidden food patch in a maze environment. Stable landmark cues were provided to indicate the location of food and, at the conclusion of training, cues were rearranged to test for learning. There was a negative relationship between boldness and learning as shy fish were increasingly more successful at navigating the maze and locating food during training trials compared to bold fish. In the altered testing environment, only shy fish continued using cues to search for food. Overall, the learning rate of bold fish was found to be lower than that of shy fish for several metrics suggesting that personality could have widespread effects on behaviour. Because learning can increase plasticity to environmental change, these results have significant implications for fish conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.009","usgsCitation":"White, S., Wagner, T., Gowan, C., and Braithwaite, V., 2017, Can personality predict individual differences in brook trout spatial learning ability?: Behavioural Processes, v. 141, no. 2, p. 220-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.009.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"228","ipdsId":"IP-066365","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, S.L.","contributorId":199722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gowan, C.","contributorId":199723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Braithwaite, V.A.","contributorId":172165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braithwaite","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192309,"text":"70192309 - 2017 - Climate-induced trends in predator–prey synchrony differ across life-history stages of an anadromous salmonid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T16:13:18","indexId":"70192309","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced trends in predator–prey synchrony differ across life-history stages of an anadromous salmonid","docAbstract":"Differential climate-induced shifts in phenology can create mismatches between predators and prey, but few studies have examined predator–prey mismatch across multiple life-history stages. We used long-term data from a warming stream with shifting salmonid migration timings to quantify intra-annual migration synchrony between predatory Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and Pacific salmon prey and examined how predator–prey synchrony has been influenced by climate change. We demonstrate that Dolly Varden have become increasingly mismatched with spring downstream migrations of abundant pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) juveniles. However, Dolly Varden have remained matched with fall upstream migrations of spawning Pacific salmon, including coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka), and pink salmon. Downstream predator–prey migration synchrony decreased over time and with higher temperatures, particularly with pink salmon. In contrast, upstream migration synchrony was temporally stable and increased with rising temperatures. Differing trends in Dolly Varden predator–prey synchrony may be explained by the direct use of salmon to cue upstream migration, but not downstream migration. Overall, we show that climate change can have differing impacts on predator–prey synchrony across life-history stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2016-0309","usgsCitation":"Bell, D.A., Kovach, R., Vulstek, S.C., Joyce, J.E., and Tallmon, D.A., 2017, Climate-induced trends in predator–prey synchrony differ across life-history stages of an anadromous salmonid: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 74, no. 9, p. 1431-1438, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0309.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1431","endPage":"1438","ipdsId":"IP-072250","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Auke Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.64706420898438,\n 58.37863353802563\n ],\n [\n -134.61676597595215,\n 58.37863353802563\n ],\n [\n -134.61676597595215,\n 58.39595479597593\n ],\n [\n -134.64706420898438,\n 58.39595479597593\n ],\n [\n -134.64706420898438,\n 58.37863353802563\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05121e4b0220bbd9a1d8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, Donovan A.","contributorId":198161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Donovan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kovach, Ryan 0000-0001-5402-2123 rkovach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-2123","contributorId":145914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan","email":"rkovach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vulstek, Scott C.","contributorId":198163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vulstek","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joyce, John E.","contributorId":198162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joyce","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tallmon, David A.","contributorId":198157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tallmon","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192203,"text":"70192203 - 2017 - Managed aquifer recharge through off-season irrigation in agricultural regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-23T11:58:54","indexId":"70192203","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managed aquifer recharge through off-season irrigation in agricultural regions","docAbstract":"Options for increasing reservoir storage in developed regions are limited and prohibitively expensive. Projected increases in demand call for new long-term water storage to help sustain agriculture, municipalities, industry, and ecological services. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is becoming an integral component of water resources around the world. However, MAR faces challenges, including infrastructure costs, difficulty in enhancing recharge, water quality issues, and lack of available water supplies. Here we examine, through simulation modeling of a hypothetical agricultural subbasin in the western U.S., the potential of agricultural managed aquifer recharge (Ag-MAR) via canal seepage and off-season field irrigation. Weather phenomenon in many regions around the world exhibit decadal and other multiyear cycles of extreme precipitation. An ongoing challenge is to develop approaches to store greater amounts of water during these events. Simulations presented herein incorporate Ag-MAR programs and demonstrate that there is potential to enhance regional recharge by 7–13%, increase crop consumptive use by 9–12%, and increase natural vegetation consumption by 20–30%, where larger relative increases occur for lower aquifer hydraulic conductivity and higher specific yield values. Annual increases in groundwater levels were 7 m, and sustained levels following several years of drought were greater than 2 m. Results demonstrate that Ag-MAR has great potential to enhance long-term sustainability of water resources in agricultural basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017WR020458","usgsCitation":"Niswonger, R.G., Morway, E.D., Triana, E., and Huntington, J., 2017, Managed aquifer recharge through off-season irrigation in agricultural regions: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 8, p. 6970-6992, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020458.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"6970","endPage":"6992","ipdsId":"IP-087681","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr020458","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59eeffa5e4b0220bbd988f7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":197892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morway, Eric D. 0000-0002-8553-6140 emorway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-6140","contributorId":4320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morway","given":"Eric","email":"emorway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triana, Enrique","contributorId":169532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Triana","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25556,"text":"MWH Global, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huntington, Justin L.","contributorId":31279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Justin L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192447,"text":"70192447 - 2017 - Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T09:31:18","indexId":"70192447","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production","docAbstract":"Global mercury contamination largely results from direct primary atmospheric and secondary legacy emissions, which can be deposited to ecosystems, converted to methylmercury, and bioaccumulated along food chains. We examined organic horizon soil samples collected across an elevational gradient on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack region of New York State, USA to determine spatial patterns in methylmercury concentrations across a forested montane landscape. We found that soil methylmercury concentrations were highest in the midelevation coniferous zone (0.39 ± 0.07 ng/g) compared to the higher elevation alpine zone (0.28 ± 0.04 ng/g) and particularly the lower elevation deciduous zone (0.17 ± 0.02 ng/g), while the percent of total mercury as methylmercury in soils decreased with elevation. We also found a seasonal pattern in soil methylmercury concentrations, with peak methylmercury values occurring in July. Given elevational patterns in temperature and bioavailable total mercury (derived from mineralization of soil organic matter), soil methylmercury concentrations appear to be driven by soil processing of ionic Hg, as opposed to atmospheric deposition of methylmercury. These methylmercury results are consistent with spatial patterns of mercury concentrations in songbird species observed from other studies, suggesting that future declines in mercury emissions could be important for reducing exposure of mercury to montane avian species.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016JG003721","usgsCitation":"Gerson, J.R., Driscoll, C.T., Demers, J.D., Sauer, A.K., Blackwell, B.D., Montesdeoca, M., Shanley, J.B., and Ross, D.S., 2017, Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 122, no. 8, p. 1922-1939, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003721.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1922","endPage":"1939","ipdsId":"IP-084232","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/138300","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Whiteface Mountain","volume":"122","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8a2e4b09af898c8cb94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerson, Jacqueline R.","contributorId":198378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerson","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demers, Jason D.","contributorId":198379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demers","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12879,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sauer, Amy K.","contributorId":198380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sauer","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":33460,"text":"Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, ME","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blackwell, Bradley D. 0000-0003-1296-4539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-4539","contributorId":198381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Montesdeoca, Mario R.","contributorId":198382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montesdeoca","given":"Mario R.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ross, Donald S.","contributorId":198383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17809,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70191574,"text":"70191574 - 2017 - Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T12:27:43","indexId":"70191574","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3826","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, A.K., Corsi, S., Lutz, M.A., Ingersoll, C.G., Dorman, R.A., Magruder, C., and Magruder, M., 2017, Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 8, p. 1981-1983, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3826.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1981","endPage":"1983","ipdsId":"IP-086183","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71691e4b05fe04cd33199","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, Austin K. 0000-0002-6027-3823 akbaldwi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3823","contributorId":4515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Austin","email":"akbaldwi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. 0000-0003-0583-5536 srcorsi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5536","contributorId":172002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutz, Michelle A. malutz@usgs.gov","contributorId":167259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"Michelle","email":"malutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dorman, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":28522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magruder, Christopher","contributorId":197179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magruder","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Magruder, Matthew","contributorId":197180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magruder","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70191532,"text":"70191532 - 2017 - Post-glacial flooding of the Bering Land Bridge dated to 11 cal ka BP based on new geophysical and sediment records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T11:22:48","indexId":"70191532","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-glacial flooding of the Bering Land Bridge dated to 11 cal ka BP based on new geophysical and sediment records","docAbstract":"The Bering Strait connects the Arctic and Pacific oceans and separates the North American and Asian landmasses. The presently shallow ( ∼ 53 m) strait was exposed during the sea level lowstand of the last glacial period, which permitted human migration across a land bridge today referred to as the Bering Land Bridge. Proxy studies (stable isotope composition of foraminifera, whale migration into the Arctic Ocean, mollusc and insect fossils and paleobotanical data) have suggested a range of ages for the Bering Strait reopening, mainly falling within the Younger Dryas stadial (12.9–11.7 cal ka BP). Here we provide new information on the deglacial and post-glacial evolution of the Arctic–Pacific connection through the Bering Strait based on analyses of geological and geophysical data from Herald Canyon, located north of the Bering Strait on the Chukchi Sea shelf region in the western Arctic Ocean. Our results suggest an initial opening at about 11 cal ka BP in the earliest Holocene, which is later than in several previous studies. Our key evidence is based on a well-dated core from Herald Canyon, in which a shift from a near-shore environment to a Pacific-influenced open marine setting at around 11 cal ka BP is observed. The shift corresponds to meltwater pulse 1b (MWP1b) and is interpreted to signify relatively rapid breaching of the Bering Strait and the submergence of the large Bering Land Bridge. Although the precise rates of sea level rise cannot be quantified, our new results suggest that the late deglacial sea level rise was rapid and occurred after the end of the Younger Dryas stadial.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/cp-13-991-2017","usgsCitation":"Jakobsson, M., Pearce, C., Cronin, T.M., Backman, J., Anderson, L.G., Barrientos, N., Bjork, G., Coxhall, H., de Boer, A., Mayer, L., Morth, C., Nilsson, J., Rattray, J., Sranne, C., Semiletov, I., and O’Regan, M., 2017, Post-glacial flooding of the Bering Land Bridge dated to 11 cal ka BP based on new geophysical and sediment records: Climate of the Past, v. 13, p. 991-1005, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-991-2017.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"991","endPage":"1005","ipdsId":"IP-084747","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-991-2017","text":"Publisher Index 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2017 - Rapid prototyping for decision structuring: An efficient approach to conservation decision analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-21T13:04:20.721293","indexId":"70191525","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3","title":"Rapid prototyping for decision structuring: An efficient approach to conservation decision analysis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Decision-making in conservation and natural resource management; Conservation Diology Series No. 22","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","isbn":"9781107465381","usgsCitation":"Garrard, G.E., Rumpff, L., Runge, M.C., and Converse, S.J., 2017, Rapid prototyping for decision structuring: An efficient approach to conservation decision analysis, chap. 3 of Decision-making in conservation and natural resource management; Conservation Diology Series No. 22, p. 46-64.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"64","ipdsId":"IP-069675","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346643,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9781107465381"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb75e4b06e28e9c230d0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bunnefeld, Nils","contributorId":141136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunnefeld","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13686,"text":"Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":724154,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Garrard, Georgia E.","contributorId":197116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrard","given":"Georgia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rumpff, Libby","contributorId":197117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rumpff","given":"Libby","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":3513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":712620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192056,"text":"70192056 - 2017 - The skill we all need","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:28:45","indexId":"70192056","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The skill we all need","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2017.1364518","usgsCitation":"Bonar, S.A., and Trushenski, J., 2017, The skill we all need: Fisheries, v. 42, no. 8, p. 398-398, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2017.1364518.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"398","ipdsId":"IP-088624","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b993e4b05fe04cd65c6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trushenski, Jesse","contributorId":197744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trushenski","given":"Jesse","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192167,"text":"70192167 - 2017 - Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T13:29:06","indexId":"70192167","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) in southern Oregon has experienced declines in water quality due to excessive nutrient loading. This has led to annual cyanobacterial blooms, primarily of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA). Benthic invertebrates are important food resources for benthic feeding fishes; however, they can increase autochthonous nutrient cycling in lakes and as a result might be contributing to poor water quality in UKL. This study determined the density and taxonomic richness of benthic invertebrate assemblages in three geographic regions (north, central, and south) and three habitats (littoral, open-water and trench) across UKL. Sediment composition and water quality were also characterized at each of the 21 benthic invertebrate collection sites. Three sampling trips were made from May–July 2013. Mean lake-wide invertebrate density was 12 617 ± 7506 individuals m-2 (n = 63, based on 189 Ekman grabs) with oligochaetes, chironomids, and leeches representing 97% of all individuals. Mean invertebrate richness per sample was 16 ± 4 (n = 63). Two and three-way repeated measures ANOVAs identified differences in invertebrate densities and richness among regions, habitats, and sampling periods. There were no differences in total density among sampling periods. Total density was higher in littoral compared to open-water habitats, and in the northern region, proximal to all riverine inputs to the lake, compared to the central or southern regions. Although variances were heterogeneous, the number of taxa appeared to differ between habitats and regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.091.0306","usgsCitation":"Stauffer-Olsen, N.J., Carter, J.L., and Fend, S.V., 2017, Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: Northwest Science, v. 91, no. 3, p. 257-271, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.091.0306.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-079605","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.233093155022765\n ],\n [\n -121.77383422851562,\n 42.233093155022765\n ],\n [\n -121.77383422851562,\n 42.502984199407415\n ],\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.502984199407415\n ],\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.233093155022765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8a2e4b09af898c8cb96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer-Olsen, Natalie J.","contributorId":197890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stauffer-Olsen","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, James L. 0000-0002-0104-9776 jlcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-9776","contributorId":3278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"James","email":"jlcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fend, Steven V. 0000-0002-4638-6602 svfend@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":3591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"Steven","email":"svfend@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193539,"text":"70193539 - 2017 - Retrospective analysis of seasonal ocean growth rates of two sea winter Atlantic Salmon in eastern Maine using historic scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-14T13:24:12","indexId":"70193539","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retrospective analysis of seasonal ocean growth rates of two sea winter Atlantic Salmon in eastern Maine using historic scales","docAbstract":"Substantial declines of anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar have occurred throughout its range, with many populations at the southern extent of the distribution currently extirpated or endangered. While both one sea winter (1SW) and two sea winter (2SW) spawner numbers for the North American stocks have declined since the 1950s, the decline has been most severe in 2SW spawners. The first months at sea are considered a period of high mortality. However, early ocean mortality alone cannot explain the more pronounced decline of 2SW spawners, suggesting that the second year at sea may be more critical than previously thought. Atlantic Salmon scales collected by anglers and the state agency from 1946 to 2013 from five rivers in eastern Maine were used to estimate smolt age and ocean age of returning adults. Additionally, seasonal growth rates of maiden 2SW spawners were estimated using intercirculi measurements and linear back-calculation methods. Generalized linear mixed models (Gaussian family, log link function) were used to investigate the influence of average sea surface temperature, accumulated thermal units, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and North Atlantic Oscillation indices, smolt age, smolt length, postsmolt growth, and river of origin on growth rate during the oceanic migration of North American Atlantic Salmon. Results suggest that different factors influence salmon growth throughout their oceanic migration, and previous growth can be a strong predictor of future size. Growth was negatively impacted by the phase of the AMO, which has been linked to salmon abundance trends, in early spring following the postsmolt period. This is likely when the 1SW and 2SW stock components separate, and our results suggest that this period may be of interest in future work examining the disproportionate decline in 2SW spawners.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723","usgsCitation":"Izzo, L.K., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2017, Retrospective analysis of seasonal ocean growth rates of two sea winter Atlantic Salmon in eastern Maine using historic scales: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 9, no. 1, p. 357-372, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"372","ipdsId":"IP-077169","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -40,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -40,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -70,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -70,\n 43.45291889355465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izzo, Lisa K.","contributorId":189241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Izzo","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190701,"text":"70190701 - 2017 - The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) immunoglobulin heavy chain suggests the importance of clan III variable segments in repertoire diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T15:17:05","indexId":"70190701","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1383,"text":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) immunoglobulin heavy chain suggests the importance of clan III variable segments in repertoire diversity","title":"The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) immunoglobulin heavy chain suggests the importance of clan III variable segments in repertoire diversity","docAbstract":"Manatees are a vulnerable, charismatic sentinel species from the evolutionarily divergent Afrotheria. Manatee health and resistance to infectious disease is of great concern to conservation groups, but little is known about their immune system. To develop manatee-specific tools for monitoring health, we first must have a general knowledge of how the immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) chain locus is organized and transcriptionally expressed. Using the genomic scaffolds of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), we characterized the potential IgH segmental diversity and constant region isotypic diversity and performed the first Afrotherian repertoire analysis. The Florida manatee has low V(D)J combinatorial diversity (3744 potential combinations) and few constant region isotypes. They also lack clan III V segments, which may have caused reduced VH segment numbers. However, we found productive somatic hypermutation concentrated in the complementarity determining regions. In conclusion, manatees have limited IGHV clan and combinatorial diversity. This suggests that clan III V segments are essential for maintaining IgH locus diversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2017.01.022","usgsCitation":"Breaux, B., Deiss, T.C., Chen, P.L., Cruz-Schneider, M.P., Sena, L., Hunter, M.E., Bonde, R.K., and Criscitiello, M.F., 2017, The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) immunoglobulin heavy chain suggests the importance of clan III variable segments in repertoire diversity: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 72, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2017.01.022.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-079625","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2017.01.022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21ee4b08b1644e0aedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breaux, Breanna","contributorId":196396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breaux","given":"Breanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deiss, Thaddeus C.","contributorId":196398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deiss","given":"Thaddeus","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Patricia L.","contributorId":196399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cruz-Schneider, Maria Paula","contributorId":196400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruz-Schneider","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Paula","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sena, Leonardo","contributorId":196401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sena","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":140622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Criscitiello, Michael F.","contributorId":196403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Criscitiello","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70190996,"text":"70190996 - 2017 - Climate change and tree-line ecosystems in the Sierra Nevada: Habitat suitability modelling to inform high-elevation forest dynamics monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-16T14:58:51","indexId":"70190996","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SIEN/NRR—2017/1476","title":"Climate change and tree-line ecosystems in the Sierra Nevada: Habitat suitability modelling to inform high-elevation forest dynamics monitoring","docAbstract":"Whitebark pine and foxtail pine serve foundational roles in the subalpine zone of the Sierra Nevada. They provide the dominant structure in tree-line forests and regulate key ecosystem processes and community dynamics. Climate change models suggest that there will be changes in temperature regimes and in the timing and magnitude of precipitation within the current distribution of these species, and these changes may alter the species’ distributional limits. Other stressors include the non-native pathogen white pine blister rust and mountain pine beetle, which have played a role in the decline of whitebark pine throughout much of its range. The National Park Service is monitoring status and trends of these species. This report provides complementary information in the form of habitat suitability models to predict climate change impacts on the future distribution of these species within Sierra Nevada national parks.
We used maximum entropy modeling to build habitat suitability models by relating species occurrence to environmental variables. Species occurrence was available from 328 locations for whitebark pine and 244 for foxtail pine across the species’ distributions within the parks. We constructed current climate surfaces for modeling by interpolating data from weather stations. Climate surfaces included mean, minimum, and maximum temperature and total precipitation for January, April, July, and October. We downscaled five general circulation models for the 2050s and the 2090s from ~125 km2 to 1 km2 under both an optimistic and an extreme climate scenario to bracket potential climatic change and its influence on projected suitable habitat.
To describe anticipated changes in the distribution of suitable habitat, we compared, for each species, climate scenario, and time period, the current models with future models in terms of proportional change in habitat size, elevation distribution, model center points, and where habitat is predicted to expand or contract.
Overall, models indicated that suitable habitats for whitebark and foxtail pine are more likely to shift geographically within the parks by 2100 rather than decline precipitously. This implies park managers might focus conservation efforts on stressors other than climate change, working toward species resilience in the face of threats from introduced disease and elevated native insect damage. More specifically, further understanding of the incidence and severity of white pine blister rust and other stressors in high elevation white pines would help assess vulnerability from threats other than climate change.
Hawaiian coastal vegetation is comprised of plant species that are adapted to growing in extremely harsh conditions (salt spray, wave wash, wind, and substrates with limited nutrients) found in this habitat zone. Prior to human colonization of Hawai‘i coastal vegetation extended as a continuous ring around each of the islands, broken only by stretches of recent lava flows or unstable cliff faces. However, since humans arrived in Hawai‘i many areas that originally supported native coastal plant communities have been highly altered or the native vegetation totally removed for agriculture, housing, or resort development, destroyed by fire, displaced by invasive plants, eaten by introduced mammals, or damaged by recreational use. This study was focused on identifying sites that still retain relatively intact and highly diverse native coastal plant communities throughout the main Hawaiian Islands that may be further impacted by projected sea level rise. Approximately 40 percent of Hawai‘i’s coastlines were found to still contain high quality native coastal plant communities. Most of these sites were located in areas where the coastal vegetation can still migrate inshore in response to rising sea level and associated inundation by waves. However, six sites with high-quality native coastal vegetation were found on low-lying offshore islets that will be totally inundated with a one meter increase in sea level and thirty sites were found to have some type of fixed barrier, such as a paved road or structure, which would restrict the plants from colonizing the adjacent inland areas. Many of these sites also have other cultural resources that are fixed in place and will definitely be impacted by rising sea level. The results of this study can help refine our understanding of Hawai‘i’s remaining native coastal vegetation and aid with the development of management and restoration strategies to ensure the long-term survival of these unique plant communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative","usgsCitation":"Jacobi, J.D., and Warshauer, F.R., 2017, Potential impacts of sea level rise on native plant communities and associated cultural sites in coastal areas of the main Hawaiian Islands, 49 p.","productDescription":"49 p.","ipdsId":"IP-087928","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345227,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://piccc.net/project/impacts-of-sea-level-rise-on-native-plant-communities-in-coastal-areas-of-the-main-hawaiian-islands/"},{"id":345268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d41e4b0fd9b77ce4799","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobi, James D. 0000-0003-2313-7862 jjacobi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7862","contributorId":3705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","email":"jjacobi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warshauer, Frederick R.","contributorId":195960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warshauer","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191341,"text":"70191341 - 2017 - Mercury correlates with altered corticosterone but not testosterone or estradiol concentrations in common loons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T15:52:40","indexId":"70191341","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury correlates with altered corticosterone but not testosterone or estradiol concentrations in common loons","docAbstract":"We investigated the relation between environmental mercury exposure and corticosterone concentrations in free-living adult common loons (Gavia immer). We determined blood and feather mercury concentrations and compared them to testosterone, estradiol, and stress-induced plasma corticosterone concentrations. Although neither testosterone nor estradiol correlated with Hg levels, there was a robust positive relation between blood Hg and stress-induced corticosterone concentrations in males, but not in females. The lack of an effect in females may have been due to overall less contamination in females. There were no significant correlations between feather Hg and stress-induced corticosterone in either sex. To help determine whether Hg had a causal effect on corticosterone, we investigated the impact of experimental Hg intake on the corticosterone stress response in captive juvenile loons. Juveniles were subjected to three different feeding regimes: 0, 0.4 and 1.2 μg Hg (as MeHgCL)/g wet weight (ww) fish. We then measured baseline and 30 min post-solitary confinement stressor corticosterone concentrations. The Hg fed chicks exhibited a decreased ability to mount a stress response. From these data, we conclude that Hg contamination does appear to alter the corticosterone response to stress, but not in a consistent predictable pattern. Regardless of the direction of change, however, exposure to mercury contamination and the resulting impact on the corticosterone stress response in common loons may substantially impact health, fitness and survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.030","usgsCitation":"Franceshini, M.D., Evers, D.C., Kenow, K.P., Meyer, M.W., Pokras, M., and Romero, L.M., 2017, Mercury correlates with altered corticosterone but not testosterone or estradiol concentrations in common loons: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 142, p. 348-354, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.030.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"348","endPage":"354","ipdsId":"IP-075083","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469648,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.030","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QC02CP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"2003 Blood Corticosterone Common Loons: Data"},{"id":346437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d744a1e4b05fe04cc7e312","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franceshini, Melinda D.","contributorId":196943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franceshini","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evers, David C.","contributorId":96160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenow, Kevin P. 0000-0002-3062-5197 kkenow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-5197","contributorId":3339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"Kevin","email":"kkenow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Michael W.","contributorId":149111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17645,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Rhinelander, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pokras, Mark","contributorId":196944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pokras","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romero, L. Michael","contributorId":196256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romero","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191337,"text":"70191337 - 2017 - Incorporating Allee effects into the potential biological removal level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T15:54:30","indexId":"70191337","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2827,"text":"Natural Resource Modeling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating Allee effects into the potential biological removal level","docAbstract":"Potential biological removal (PBR) is an approach used to calculate sustainable harvest and “take” limits for populations. PBR was originally derived assuming logistic growth while ignoring the effects of small population size (i.e., an Allee effect). We derived a version of PBR that includes an Allee effect (i.e., small population size or densities limiting population growth rates). We found that PBR becomes less conservative when it fails to consider an Allee effect. Specifically, sustainable harvest and take levels based upon PBR with an Allee effect were between approximately 51% and 66% of levels based upon PBR without an Allee effect. Managers and biologists using PBR may need to consider the limitations if an Allee effect may be present in the species being modeled.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nrm.12133","usgsCitation":"Hadier, H., Oldfield, S., Tu, T., Moreno, R., Diffendorfer, J.E., Eager, E., and Erickson, R.A., 2017, Incorporating Allee effects into the potential biological removal level: Natural Resource Modeling, v. 30, no. 3, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12133.","productDescription":"e12133; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-083313","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12133","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d744a1e4b05fe04cc7e317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hadier, Humza","contributorId":196936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hadier","given":"Humza","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oldfield, Sarah","contributorId":196937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oldfield","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tu, Tiffany","contributorId":196938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tu","given":"Tiffany","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moreno, Rosa","contributorId":196939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moreno","given":"Rosa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diffendorfer, Jay E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":55137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"Jay","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":711995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eager, Eric A.","contributorId":140447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eager","given":"Eric A.","affiliations":[{"id":13504,"text":"Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":711994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193528,"text":"70193528 - 2017 - Winter habitat associations of eastern spotted skunks in Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-14T14:12:14","indexId":"70193528","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter habitat associations of eastern spotted skunks in Virginia","docAbstract":"Eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius) populations have declined throughout much of their range in the eastern United States over recent decades. Declines have been attributed to habitat loss or change, increased competition with sympatric mesocarnivore species, or disease. To better understand the extant distribution of spotted skunks in the Appalachian Mountains of western Virginia, USA, we used a detection-non-detection sampling approach using baited camera traps to evaluate the influence of landscape-level environmental covariates on spotted skunk detection probability and site occupancy. We conducted camera trap surveys at 91 sites from January to May in 2014 and 2015. Spotted skunk occupancy was associated with young-aged forest stands at lower elevations and more mature forest stands at higher elevations. Both land cover types in this region can be characterized as having complex forest structure, providing cover that varies with stand age, species composition, elevation, and management regime. Our results provide insight into factors that influence spotted skunk spatial distribution and habitat selection, information that can be used to generate conservation assessments and inform management decisions.
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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorne, Emily D.","contributorId":200360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorne","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waggy, Charles","contributorId":200361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waggy","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachowski, David S.","contributorId":82966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachowski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, Marcella J.","contributorId":179348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Marcella","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194201,"text":"70194201 - 2017 - Paltry past-precipitation: Predisposing prairie dogs to plague?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:14:11","indexId":"70194201","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paltry past-precipitation: Predisposing prairie dogs to plague?","docAbstract":"The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis was introduced to California in 1900 and spread rapidly as a sylvatic disease of mammalian hosts and flea vectors, invading the Great Plains in the United States by the 1930s to 1940s. In grassland ecosystems, plague causes periodic, devastating epizootics in colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), sciurid rodents that create and maintain subterranean burrows. In doing so, plague inhibits prairie dogs from functioning as keystone species of grassland communities. The rate at which fleas transmit Y. pestis is thought to increase when fleas are abundant. Flea densities can increase during droughts when vegetative production is reduced and herbivorous prairie dogs are malnourished and have weakened defenses against fleas. Epizootics of plague have erupted frequently in prairie dogs during years in which precipitation was plentiful, and the accompanying cool temperatures might have facilitated the rate at which fleas transmitted Y. pestis. Together these observations evoke the hypothesis that transitions from dry-to-wet years provide conditions for plague epizootics in prairie dogs. Using generalized linear models, we analyzed a 24-year dataset on the occurrence of plague epizootics in 42 colonies of prairie dogs from Colorado, USA, 1982–2005. Of the 33 epizootics observed, 52% erupted during years with increased precipitation in summer. For the years with increased summer precipitation, if precipitation in the prior growing season declined from the maximum of 502 mm to the minimum of 200 mm, the prevalence of plague epizootics was predicted to increase 3-fold. Thus, reduced precipitation may have predisposed prairie dogs to plague epizootics when moisture returned. Biologists sometimes assume dry conditions are detrimental for plague. However, 48% of epizootics occurred during years in which precipitation was scarce in summer. In some cases, an increased abundance of fleas during dry years might compensate for other conditions that become less favorable for plague transmission. Global warming is forecasted to amplify the hydrological cycle in the Great Plains, causing an increased occurrence of prolonged droughts interceded by brief periods of intense precipitation. Results herein suggest these changes might affect plague cycles in prairie dogs. Both negative and positive consequences of dry conditions should be considered when managing plague.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21281","usgsCitation":"Eads, D., and Biggins, D.E., 2017, Paltry past-precipitation: Predisposing prairie dogs to plague?: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 6, p. 990-998, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21281.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"990","endPage":"998","ipdsId":"IP-086521","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71G0K17","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Occurrence of plague epizootics in colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs, Pawnee National Grassland, Colorado, 1982-2005"},{"id":349075,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, David deads@usgs.gov","contributorId":200549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":722638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}