We report here a new microscopic technique for imaging and identifying sedimentary organic matter in geologic materials that combines inverted fluorescence microscopy with scanning electron microscopy and allows for sequential imaging of the same region of interest without transferring the sample between instruments. This integrated correlative light and electron microscopy technique is demonstrated with observations from an immature lacustrine oil shale from the Eocene Green River Mahogany Zone and mid‐oil window paralic shale from the Upper Cretaceous Tuscaloosa Group. This technique has the potential to allow for identification and characterization of organic matter in shale hydrocarbon reservoirs that is not possible using either light or electron microscopy alone, and may be applied to understanding the organic matter type and thermal regime in which organic nanoporosity forms, thereby reducing uncertainty in the estimation of undiscovered hydrocarbon resources.
Multiyear remote sensing mapping of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was carried out as an indicator of live biomass composition of the Phragmites australis (hereafter Phragmites) marsh in the lower Mississippi River Delta (hereafter delta) from 2014 to 2017. Maps of NDVI change showed that the Phragmites condition was fairly stable between May 2014 and July 2015. From July 2015 to April 2016 NDVI change indicated Phragmites suffered a widespread decline in the live biomass proportion. Between April and September 2016, most marsh remained unchanged from the earlier period or showed improvement; although there were pockets of continued decline scattered throughout the lower delta. From September 2016 to May 2017 a pronounced and widely exhibited decline in the condition of Phragmites marsh again occurred throughout the lower delta. This final NDVI change mapping supported field observations of Phragmites decline during the same period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171098","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E.W., III, and Rangoonwala, Amina, 2017, Mapping the change of Phragmites australis live biomass in the lower Mississippi River Delta marshes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1098, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171098.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088917","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1098/","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2017-1098 HTML"},{"id":344433,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1098/images/coverthb.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
700 Cajundome Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70506
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Delaware Department of Agriculture, developed a network of wells to monitor groundwater quality in the surficial aquifer of the Delaware Coastal Plain. Well-drained soils, a flat landscape, and accessible water in the Delaware Coastal Plain make for a productive agricultural setting. As such, agriculture is one of the largest industries in the State of Delaware. This setting enables the transport of chemicals from agriculture and other land uses to shallow groundwater. Efforts to mitigate nutrient transport to groundwater by the implementation of agricultural best management practices (BMPs) have been ongoing for several decades. To measure the effectiveness of BMPs on a regional scale, a network of 48 wells was designed to measure shallow groundwater quality (particularly nitrate) over time near agricultural land in the Delaware Coastal Plain. Water characteristics, major ions, nutrients, and dissolved gases were measured in groundwater samples collected from network wells during fall 2014. Wells were organized into three groups based on their geochemical similarity and these groups were used to describe nitrate and chloride concentrations and factors that affect the variability among the groups. The results from this study are intended to establish waterquality conditions in 2014 to enable comparison of future conditions and evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural BMPs on a regional scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Delaware Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Fleming, B.J., Mensch, L.L., Denver, J.M., Cruz, R.M., and Nardi, M.R., 2017, Water quality in the surficial aquifer near agricultural areas in the Delaware Coastal Plain, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5054, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175054.","productDescription":"viii, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081046","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344332,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5054/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344333,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5054/sir20175054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5054"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.564927,39.583248],[-75.576271,39.588144],[-75.578719,39.591504],[-75.579615,39.598656],[-75.565823,39.590608],[-75.564927,39.583248]]],[[[-75.55587,39.605824],[-75.561934,39.605216],[-75.567694,39.613744],[-75.571759,39.623584],[-75.570798,39.626768],[-75.559446,39.629812],[-75.559102,39.629056],[-75.559614,39.624208],[-75.558446,39.617296],[-75.556878,39.612144],[-75.557502,39.609184],[-75.556734,39.606688],[-75.55587,39.605824]]],[[[-75.594846,39.837286],[-75.593666,39.837455],[-75.593082,39.8375],[-75.5799,39.838522],[-75.579849,39.838526],[-75.570464,39.839007],[-75.539346,39.838211],[-75.518444,39.836311],[-75.498843,39.833312],[-75.481242,39.829112],[-75.463341,39.823812],[-75.45374,39.820312],[-75.428038,39.809212],[-75.415041,39.801786],[-75.405337,39.796213],[-75.437938,39.783413],[-75.440909,39.780831],[-75.448639,39.774113],[-75.448135,39.773969],[-75.447339,39.773313],[-75.452339,39.769013],[-75.459439,39.765813],[-75.463339,39.761213],[-75.463039,39.758313],[-75.466249,39.750769],[-75.466263,39.750737],[-75.469239,39.743613],[-75.474168,39.735473],[-75.475384,39.731057],[-75.47544,39.728713],[-75.47724,39.724713],[-75.477432,39.720561],[-75.476888,39.718337],[-75.47764,39.715013],[-75.47894,39.713813],[-75.481741,39.714546],[-75.483141,39.715513],[-75.485241,39.715813],[-75.488553,39.714833],[-75.491341,39.711113],[-75.496241,39.701413],[-75.504042,39.698313],[-75.507162,39.696961],[-75.509042,39.694513],[-75.509742,39.686113],[-75.529744,39.692613],[-75.562246,39.656712],[-75.587147,39.651012],[-75.611969,39.621968],[-75.613153,39.62096],[-75.613377,39.620288],[-75.614065,39.61832],[-75.614929,39.615952],[-75.614273,39.61464],[-75.613345,39.613056],[-75.613665,39.61256],[-75.613233,39.607408],[-75.613477,39.606861],[-75.613473,39.606832],[-75.613793,39.606192],[-75.611905,39.597568],[-75.611873,39.597408],[-75.60464,39.58992],[-75.603584,39.58896],[-75.592224,39.583568],[-75.591984,39.583248],[-75.587744,39.580672],[-75.5872,39.580256],[-75.586608,39.57888],[-75.586016,39.578448],[-75.571599,39.567728],[-75.570783,39.56728],[-75.563034,39.56224],[-75.564649,39.559922],[-75.565636,39.558509],[-75.569359,39.540589],[-75.569418,39.539124],[-75.570362,39.527223],[-75.560728,39.520472],[-75.566933,39.508273],[-75.576436,39.509195],[-75.587729,39.496353],[-75.587729,39.495369],[-75.593068,39.479186],[-75.593068,39.477996],[-75.589901,39.462022],[-75.589439,39.460812],[-75.580185,39.450786],[-75.578914,39.44788],[-75.570985,39.442486],[-75.57183,39.438897],[-75.55589,39.430351],[-75.538512,39.416502],[-75.535977,39.409384],[-75.523583,39.391583],[-75.521682,39.387871],[-75.512996,39.366153],[-75.512372,39.365656],[-75.511788,39.365191],[-75.505276,39.359169],[-75.494158,39.354613],[-75.491797,39.351845],[-75.494122,39.34658],[-75.493148,39.345527],[-75.491688,39.343963],[-75.490377,39.342818],[-75.479845,39.337472],[-75.479963,39.336577],[-75.469324,39.33082],[-75.460423,39.328236],[-75.439027,39.313384],[-75.436936,39.309379],[-75.435551,39.297546],[-75.435374,39.296676],[-75.427953,39.285049],[-75.408376,39.264698],[-75.402964,39.254626],[-75.404823,39.245898],[-75.405927,39.243631],[-75.405716,39.223834],[-75.404745,39.222666],[-75.396892,39.216141],[-75.393015,39.204512],[-75.39479,39.188354],[-75.398584,39.186616],[-75.400144,39.186456],[-75.408266,39.174625],[-75.410625,39.156246],[-75.401193,39.088762],[-75.402035,39.066885],[-75.400294,39.065645],[-75.395806,39.059211],[-75.396277,39.057884],[-75.387914,39.051174],[-75.379873,39.04879],[-75.345763,39.024857],[-75.34089,39.01996],[-75.318354,38.988191],[-75.314951,38.980775],[-75.311607,38.967637],[-75.312546,38.951065],[-75.312546,38.94928],[-75.311923,38.945917],[-75.311882,38.945698],[-75.311542,38.944633],[-75.302552,38.939002],[-75.312282,38.924594],[-75.304078,38.91316],[-75.263115,38.877351],[-75.232029,38.844254],[-75.205329,38.823386],[-75.190552,38.806861],[-75.160748,38.791224],[-75.159022,38.790193],[-75.134022,38.782242],[-75.113331,38.782998],[-75.097103,38.788703],[-75.093654,38.793992],[-75.097197,38.803101],[-75.093805,38.803812],[-75.089473,38.797198],[-75.082153,38.772157],[-75.080217,38.750112],[-75.079221,38.738238],[-75.06551,38.66103],[-75.065217,38.632394],[-75.06192,38.608869],[-75.061259,38.608602],[-75.060478,38.608012],[-75.060032,38.607709],[-75.049748,38.486387],[-75.048939,38.451263],[-75.049268,38.451264],[-75.05251,38.451273],[-75.053483,38.451274],[-75.064719,38.451289],[-75.066327,38.451291],[-75.069909,38.451276],[-75.070356,38.451276],[-75.085814,38.451258],[-75.088281,38.451256],[-75.089649,38.451254],[-75.141894,38.451196],[-75.185413,38.451013],[-75.252723,38.451397],[-75.26035,38.451492],[-75.341247,38.45197],[-75.34125,38.45197],[-75.355797,38.452008],[-75.371054,38.452107],[-75.393563,38.452114],[-75.394786,38.45216],[-75.410884,38.4524],[-75.424831,38.45261],[-75.428728,38.452671],[-75.47915,38.453699],[-75.500142,38.454144],[-75.502961,38.45422],[-75.521304,38.454657],[-75.52273,38.454657],[-75.533763,38.454958],[-75.559212,38.455563],[-75.559934,38.455579],[-75.57411,38.455991],[-75.583601,38.456424],[-75.589307,38.456286],[-75.593082,38.456404],[-75.598069,38.456855],[-75.630457,38.457904],[-75.662843,38.458759],[-75.665585,38.4589],[-75.693521,38.460128],[-75.696369,38.492373],[-75.696688,38.496467],[-75.698777,38.522001],[-75.700179,38.542717],[-75.701465,38.559433],[-75.701565,38.560736],[-75.703445,38.58512],[-75.703981,38.592066],[-75.705774,38.61474],[-75.70586,38.616268],[-75.706235,38.621296],[-75.706585,38.626125],[-75.707346,38.63528],[-75.707352,38.635359],[-75.722028,38.822078],[-75.722599,38.829859],[-75.72261,38.830008],[-75.722882,38.833156],[-75.724002,38.846682],[-75.724061,38.847781],[-75.725565,38.868152],[-75.725829,38.869296],[-75.743811,39.094674],[-75.745793,39.114935],[-75.746121,39.120318],[-75.747668,39.143306],[-75.747671,39.143345],[-75.749356,39.164815],[-75.751028,39.177762],[-75.755953,39.245958],[-75.755962,39.246069],[-75.760104,39.296817],[-75.766667,39.377216],[-75.766693,39.377537],[-75.779518,39.534724],[-75.779663,39.536504],[-75.780786,39.550262],[-75.78689,39.630575],[-75.78745,39.637455],[-75.788658,39.658211],[-75.788616,39.680742],[-75.788658,39.681911],[-75.788395,39.700031],[-75.788395,39.700287],[-75.788359,39.721811],[-75.773558,39.722411],[-75.766058,39.737811],[-75.760346,39.747231],[-75.753066,39.757631],[-75.744394,39.767855],[-75.736489,39.775759],[-75.727049,39.784126],[-75.716969,39.791998],[-75.701208,39.802606],[-75.685991,39.811054],[-75.662822,39.82115],[-75.641518,39.828363],[-75.634706,39.830164],[-75.617251,39.833999],[-75.595756,39.837156],[-75.594846,39.837286]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Delaware\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
A sound understanding of sources contributing to instream sediment flux in a watershed is important when developing total maximum daily load (TMDL) management strategies designed to reduce suspended sediment in streams. Sediment fingerprinting and sediment budget approaches are two techniques that, when used jointly, can qualify and quantify the major sources of sediment in a given watershed. The sediment fingerprinting approach uses trace element concentrations from samples in known potential source areas to determine a clear signature of each potential source. A mixing model is then used to determine the relative source contribution to the target suspended sediment samples.
The computational steps required to apportion sediment for each target sample are quite involved and time intensive, a problem the Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT) addresses. Sed_SAT is a user-friendly statistical model that guides the user through the necessary steps in order to quantify the relative contributions of sediment sources in a given watershed. The model is written using the statistical software R (R Core Team, 2016b) and utilizes Microsoft Access® as a user interface but requires no prior knowledge of R or Microsoft Access® to successfully run the model successfully. Sed_SAT identifies outliers, corrects for differences in size and organic content in the source samples relative to the target samples, evaluates the conservative behavior of tracers used in fingerprinting by applying a “Bracket Test,” identifies tracers with the highest discriminatory power, and provides robust error analysis through a Monte Carlo simulation following the mixing model. Quantifying sediment source contributions using the sediment fingerprinting approach provides local, State, and Federal land management agencies with important information needed to implement effective strategies to reduce sediment. Sed_SAT is designed to assist these agencies in applying the sediment fingerprinting approach to quantify sediment sources in the sediment TMDL framework.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171062","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Gorman Sanisaca, L.E., Gellis, A.C., and Lorenz, D.L., 2017, Determining the sources of fine-grained sediment using the Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT): U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2017–1062, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171062.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 104 p.; Application Site","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079059","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438259,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VBX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT)"},{"id":344315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1062/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":344316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1062/ofr20171062.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1062"},{"id":344317,"rank":3,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76Q1VBX","text":"Sed_Sat Software","linkHelpText":"- Determining the Sources of Fine-Grained Sediment Using the Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT)"}],"contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
In the southwestern U.S., many riparian ecosystems have been altered by dams, water diversions, and other anthropogenic activities. This is particularly true of the Colorado River, where numerous dams and agricultural diversions have affected this water course, especially south of the U.S.–Mexico border. In the spring of 2014, 130 million cubic meters of water was released to the lower Colorado River Delta in Mexico. To understand the impact of this pulse flow release on vegetation in the delta’s riparian corridor, we analyzed a modified form of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI*) data. We assessed greenup during the growing period and estimated actual evapotranspiration (ETa) for the period prior to (yr. 2013) and following (i.e., yr. 2014 and 2015) the pulse flow. We found a significant increase in NDVI* from 2013 to 2014 (P < 0.05) and a decrease from 2014 to 2015; however, 2015 levels were still significantly higher than in 2013. ETa was also higher in 2014 vs. 2013, with an estimated 74.5 million cubic meters in 2013 and 88.9 in 2014. The most intense greening occurred in the zone of inundation but also extended into the non-flooded part of the riparian zone, indicating replenishment of groundwater. These findings suggest the peak response by vegetation to the flow lasted about one year, followed by a decrease in NDVI*. As a long term solution to the declining condition of vegetation, additional pulse releases are likely needed for restoration and survival of riparian plant communities in the Colorado River Delta.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.007","usgsCitation":"Jarchow, C.J., Nagler, P.L., and Glenn, E., 2017, Greenup and evapotranspiration following the Minute 319 pulse flow to Mexico: An analysis using Landsat 8 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data: Ecological Engineering, v. 106, no. B, p. 776-783, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.007.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"776","endPage":"783","ipdsId":"IP-074636","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ],\n [\n -114.67941284179688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ],\n [\n -114.67941284179688,\n 32.72375394304274\n ],\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.72375394304274\n ],\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba2e4b0a38ca2750b36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":5813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":56542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward P.","affiliations":[{"id":13060,"text":"Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189852,"text":"70189852 - 2017 - Use of North American Breeding Bird Survey data in avian conservation assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T13:56:17","indexId":"70189852","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of North American Breeding Bird Survey data in avian conservation assessments","docAbstract":"Conservation resources are limited, and prioritizing species based on their relative vulnerability and risk of extinction is a fundamental component of conservation planning. In North America, the conservation consortium Partners in Flight (PIF) has developed and implemented a data-driven species assessment process, at global and regional scales, based on quantitative vulnerability criteria. This species assessment process has formed the biological basis for PIF's continental and regional planning and has informed the ranking and legal listing of bird species for conservation protection by state, provincial, and national agencies in Canada, the U.S., and Mexico. Because of its long time series, extensive geographic and species coverage, standardized survey methods, and prompt availability of results, the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) has been an invaluable source of data, allowing PIF to assign objective vulnerability scores calibrated across more than 460 landbird species. BBS data have been most valuable for assessing long-term population trends (PT score). PIF has also developed methods for estimating population size by extrapolating from BBS abundance indices, allowing the assignment of categorical population size (PS) scores for landbird species. At regional scales, BBS relative abundance indices have allowed PIF to assess the area importance (i.e. stewardship responsibility) of each Bird Conservation Region (BCR) for each species, using measures of both relative density and percent of total population in each BCR. Besides direct applicability to assessment scores, PIF has recently used BBS trend data to create new metrics of conservation urgency (e.g., ‘half-life'), as well as for setting population objectives for tracking progress toward meeting conservation goals. Future directions include integrating BBS data with other sources (e.g., eBird) to assess additional species and nonbreeding season measures, working closely with BBS coordinators to expand surveys into Mexico, and providing assessment scores at implementation-relevant scales, such as for migratory bird joint ventures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-17-57.1","usgsCitation":"Rosenberg, K.V., Blancher, P.J., Stanton, J.C., and Panjabi, A.O., 2017, Use of North American Breeding Bird Survey data in avian conservation assessments: The Condor, v. 119, no. 3, p. 594-606, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-57.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"594","endPage":"606","ipdsId":"IP-080515","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-17-57.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba4e4b0a38ca2750b43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberg, Kenneth V.","contributorId":171463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":27615,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Conservation Science Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blancher, Peter J.","contributorId":175182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blancher","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanton, Jessica C. 0000-0002-6225-3703 jcstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-3703","contributorId":5634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jessica","email":"jcstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Panjabi, Arvind O.","contributorId":169967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panjabi","given":"Arvind","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":25644,"text":"Bird Conservancy of the Rockies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189853,"text":"70189853 - 2017 - Tackling an intractable problem: Can greater taxon sampling help resolve relationships within the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera)?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T14:15:03","indexId":"70189853","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tackling an intractable problem: Can greater taxon sampling help resolve relationships within the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera)?","docAbstract":"The relationships among and within the families that comprise the orthopteran superfamily Stenopelmatoidea (suborder Ensifera) remain poorly understood. We developed a phylogenetic hypothesis based on Bayesian analysis of two nuclear ribosomal and one mitochondrial gene for 118 individuals (84 de novo and 34 from GenBank). These included Gryllacrididae from North, Central, and South America, South Africa and Madagascar, Australia and Papua New Guinea; Stenopelmatidae from North and Central America and South Africa; Anostostomatidae from North and Central America, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa; members of the Australian endemic Cooloola (three species); and a representative of Lezina from the Middle East. We also included representatives of all other major ensiferan families: Prophalangopsidae, Rhaphidophoridae, Schizodactylidae, Tettigoniidae, Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae and Myrmecophilidae and representatives of the suborder Caelifera as outgroups. Bayesian analyses of concatenated sequence data supported a clade of Stenopelmatoidea inclusive of all analyzed members of Gryllacrididae, Stenopelmatidae, Anostostomatidae, Lezina and Cooloola. We found Gryllacrididae worldwide to be monophyletic, while we did not recover a monophyletic Stenopelmatidae nor Anostostomatidae. Australian Cooloola clustered in a clade composed of Australian, New Zealand, and some (but not all) North American Anostostomatidae. Lezina was included in a clade of New World Anostostomatidae. Finally, we compiled and compared karyotypes and sound production characteristics for each supported group. Chromosome number, centromere position, drumming, and stridulation differed among some groups, but also show variation within groups. This preliminary trait information may contribute toward future studies of trait evolution. Despite greater taxon sampling within Stenopelmatoidea than previous efforts, some relationships among the families examined continue to remain elusive.","language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.1","usgsCitation":"Vandergast, A.G., Weissman, D., Wood, D., Rentz, D.C., Bazelet, C.S., and Ueshima, N., 2017, Tackling an intractable problem: Can greater taxon sampling help resolve relationships within the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera)?: Zootaxa, v. 4291, no. 1, p. 1-33, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.1.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-066477","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4291","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba4e4b0a38ca2750b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weissman, David B","contributorId":195222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weissman","given":"David B","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Dustin 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":195223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":706556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rentz, David C F","contributorId":195224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rentz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C F","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bazelet, Corinna S","contributorId":195225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bazelet","given":"Corinna","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ueshima, Norihiro","contributorId":195226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ueshima","given":"Norihiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189854,"text":"70189854 - 2017 - High-resolution seismic profiling reveals faulting associated with the 1934 Ms 6.6 Hansel Valley earthquake (Utah, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T13:50:17","indexId":"70189854","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution seismic profiling reveals faulting associated with the 1934 Ms 6.6 Hansel Valley earthquake (Utah, USA)","docAbstract":"The 1934 Ms 6.6 Hansel Valley, Utah, earthquake produced an 8-km-long by 3-km-wide zone of north-south−trending surface deformation in an extensional basin within the easternmost Basin and Range Province. Less than 0.5 m of purely vertical displacement was measured at the surface, although seismologic data suggest mostly strike-slip faulting at depth. Characterization of the origin and kinematics of faulting in the Hansel Valley earthquake is important to understand how complex fault ruptures accommodate regions of continental extension and transtension. Here, we address three questions: (1) How does the 1934 surface rupture compare with faults in the subsurface? (2) Are the 1934 fault scarps tectonic or secondary features? (3) Did the 1934 earthquake have components of both strike-slip and dip-slip motion? To address these questions, we acquired a 6.6-km-long, high-resolution seismic profile across Hansel Valley, including the 1934 ruptures. We observed numerous east- and west-dipping normal faults that dip 40°−70° and offset late Quaternary strata from within a few tens of meters of the surface down to a depth of ∼1 km. Spatial correspondence between the 1934 surface ruptures and subsurface faults suggests that ruptures associated with the earthquake are of tectonic origin. Our data clearly show complex basin faulting that is most consistent with transtensional tectonics. Although the kinematics of the 1934 earthquake remain underconstrained, we interpret the disagreement between surface (normal) and subsurface (strike-slip) kinematics as due to slip partitioning during fault propagation and to the effect of preexisting structural complexities. We infer that the 1934 earthquake occurred along an ∼3-km wide, off-fault damage zone characterized by distributed deformation along small-displacement faults that may be alternatively activated during different earthquake episodes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31516.1","usgsCitation":"Bruno, P.P., DuRoss, C., and Kokkalas, S., 2017, High-resolution seismic profiling reveals faulting associated with the 1934 Ms 6.6 Hansel Valley earthquake (Utah, USA): GSA Bulletin, v. 129, no. 9-10, p. 1227-1240, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31516.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1227","endPage":"1240","ipdsId":"IP-080664","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Hansel Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.06854248046875,\n 41.00477542222947\n ],\n [\n -111.98638916015625,\n 41.00477542222947\n ],\n [\n -111.98638916015625,\n 41.99828401778616\n ],\n [\n -113.06854248046875,\n 41.99828401778616\n ],\n [\n -113.06854248046875,\n 41.00477542222947\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"9-10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba3e4b0a38ca2750b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruno, Pier Paolo G.","contributorId":195227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruno","given":"Pier","email":"","middleInitial":"Paolo G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kokkalas, Sotirios","contributorId":195228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kokkalas","given":"Sotirios","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189531,"text":"ofr20171084 - 2017 - Streamflow investigations on a reach of Hobble Creek near Springville, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T14:10:50","indexId":"ofr20171084","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1084","title":"Streamflow investigations on a reach of Hobble Creek near Springville, Utah","docAbstract":"The Central Utah Water Conservancy District (CUWCD) is proposing to deliver supplemental flow to Hobble Creek from Strawberry Reservoir through the Mapleton-Springville Lateral pipeline. A substantial portion of the supplemental water is intended to benefit June Sucker recovery and other fish and wildlife along Hobble Creek. The objective of this study was to determine gains or losses of water in a section of Hobble Creek between the Island Dam and the Swenson Dam (the primary study reach) during different seasons and flow conditions.
Paired measurements of flow in Hobble Creek were made during June to November 2016, at sites bracketing the primary study reach from site HC3 to HC6. These measurements showed increased streamflow in this reach that ranged from 6.1 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) to 9.3 ft3/s. During August and November, two sets of measurements were made at several locations along the study reach to document baseline conditions, and then an additional amount of water (a pulse of about 9–10 ft3/s) from Strawberry Reservoir through the Mapleton-Springville Lateral pipeline, was added to the reach. During the August 23 measurements, the average change at the upstream site (HC3) relative to the pulse was 9.3 ft3/s, and the average change at the downstream site (HC6) was about 8.4 ft3/s, leaving about 0.9 ft3/s of the additional water unaccounted for at site HC6. However, there was no significant difference between the net streamflow volume at sites HC3 and HC6 associated with the pulse that would indicate water was being lost. During the November 7–9 streamflow measurements, the average change in discharge at site HC3 relative to an increase in flow from the Mapleton-Springville Lateral pipeline (the pulse) was 9.6 ft3/s, and the average change at site HC6 was about 9.8 ft3/s. On the basis of these measurements it appears that the entire amount of the pulse added to the stream at site HC3 was accounted for at site HC6. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the net streamflow volume at sites HC3 and HC8 associated with the pulse that would indicate water was being lost.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Central Utah Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Gerner, S.J., 2017, Streamflow investigations on a reach of Hobble Creek near Springville, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1084, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171084.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-083190","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1084/ofr.20171084.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1084"},{"id":344298,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1084/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Springville","otherGeospatial":"Hobble Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.65834426879881,\n 40.1338721947653\n ],\n [\n -111.55157089233398,\n 40.1338721947653\n ],\n [\n -111.55157089233398,\n 40.181627516058576\n ],\n [\n -111.65834426879881,\n 40.181627516058576\n ],\n [\n -111.65834426879881,\n 40.1338721947653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Modern climate change in Alaska has resulted in widespread thawing of permafrost, increased fire activity, and extensive changes in vegetation characteristics that have significant consequences for socioecological systems. Despite observations of the heightened sensitivity of these systems to change, there has not been a comprehensive assessment of factors that drive ecosystem changes throughout Alaska. Here we present research that improves our understanding of the main drivers of the spatiotemporal patterns of carbon dynamics using in situ observations, remote sensing data, and an array of modeling techniques. In the last 60 yr, Alaska has seen a large increase in mean annual air temperature (1.7°C), with the greatest warming occurring over winter and spring. Warming trends are projected to continue throughout the 21st century and will likely result in landscape-level changes to ecosystem structure and function. Wetlands, mainly bogs and fens, which are currently estimated to cover 12.5% of the landscape, strongly influence exchange of methane between Alaska's ecosystems and the atmosphere and are expected to be affected by thawing permafrost and shifts in hydrology. Simulations suggest the current proportion of near-surface (within 1 m) and deep (within 5 m) permafrost extent will be reduced by 9–74% and 33–55% by the end of the 21st century, respectively. Since 2000, an average of 678 595 ha/yr was burned, more than twice the annual average during 1950–1999. The largest increase in fire activity is projected for the boreal forest, which could result in a reduction in late-successional spruce forest (8–44%) and an increase in early-successional deciduous forest (25–113%) that would mediate future fire activity and weaken permafrost stability in the region. Climate warming will also affect vegetation communities across arctic regions, where the coverage of deciduous forest could increase (223–620%), shrub tundra may increase (4–21%), and graminoid tundra might decrease (10–24%). This study sheds light on the sensitivity of Alaska's ecosystems to change that has the potential to significantly affect local and regional carbon balance, but more research is needed to improve estimates of land-surface and subsurface properties, and to better account for ecosystem dynamics affected by a myriad of biophysical factors and interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1538","usgsCitation":"Pastick, N.J., Duffy, P.A., Genet, H., Rupp, T.S., Wylie, B.K., Johnson, K., Jorgenson, M., Bliss, N.B., McGuire, A.D., Jafarov, E., and Knight, J.F., 2017, Historical and projected trends in landscape drivers affecting carbon dynamics in Alaska: Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 5, p. 1383-1402, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1538.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1383","endPage":"1402","ipdsId":"IP-076738","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1356157","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-162.255031,54.978353],[-162.30058,54.832594],[-162.41737,54.877491],[-162.255031,54.978353]]],[[[-160.0179,55.15613],[-159.889174,55.287138],[-159.905365,55.164689],[-159.816419,55.178051],[-160.183466,54.91568],[-160.191392,55.108574],[-160.0179,55.15613]]],[[[-159.455311,55.061452],[-159.328791,54.980598],[-159.426615,54.942266],[-159.455311,55.061452]]],[[[-161.718614,55.154166],[-161.608634,55.116906],[-161.862504,55.127598],[-161.718614,55.154166]]],[[[-160.506927,55.32773],[-160.486174,55.193617],[-160.806009,55.12567],[-160.797147,55.381521],[-160.344369,55.362962],[-160.330722,55.261045],[-160.506927,55.32773]]],[[[-160.21178,55.455862],[-160.141834,55.387154],[-160.27997,55.395905],[-160.21178,55.455862]]],[[[-165.790523,54.171758],[-165.714198,54.120815],[-166.098255,54.103538],[-166.002465,54.213629],[-165.790523,54.171758]]],[[[-165.523466,54.299895],[-165.405377,54.212837],[-165.629725,54.132558],[-165.681458,54.236914],[-165.523466,54.299895]]],[[[-162.801865,54.48944],[-162.588883,54.450064],[-162.611891,54.368077],[-162.86005,54.425452],[-162.801865,54.48944]]],[[[-170.286318,57.128169],[-170.311707,57.219122],[-170.161647,57.229656],[-170.286318,57.128169]]],[[[178.785825,51.633434],[179.462765,51.376176],[178.634021,51.623981],[178.785825,51.633434]]],[[[-176.762478,51.867878],[-176.789558,51.957211],[-176.603598,51.997056],[-176.543309,51.838624],[-176.268243,51.785498],[-176.930952,51.59247],[-176.918065,51.788003],[-176.762478,51.867878]]],[[[-177.800647,51.778294],[-177.909185,51.596671],[-178.172666,51.839985],[-177.615311,51.85508],[-177.800647,51.778294]]],[[[-177.360408,51.727533],[-177.631523,51.696844],[-177.099266,51.936119],[-177.13096,51.762772],[-177.360408,51.727533]]],[[[177.601645,52.016377],[177.235523,51.87326],[177.661607,52.112746],[177.601645,52.016377]]],[[[179.758993,51.946595],[179.649484,51.87367],[179.482464,51.982834],[179.758993,51.946595]]],[[[-174.301818,52.278949],[-174.408277,52.289872],[-174.185347,52.417788],[-173.989415,52.325275],[-174.177679,52.233638],[-174.090169,52.139119],[-175.27485,52.018619],[-174.301818,52.278949]]],[[[-173.602446,52.153773],[-173.019588,52.097881],[-173.511915,52.031278],[-174.04675,52.122403],[-173.602446,52.153773]]],[[[173.587554,52.476785],[173.769503,52.512072],[173.725696,52.356579],[173.3955,52.402647],[173.587554,52.476785]]],[[[172.763366,52.823656],[172.469022,52.911337],[173.107249,52.993228],[173.421682,52.845477],[172.763366,52.823656]]],[[[-168.211705,53.256184],[-169.041338,52.839348],[-168.617143,53.260985],[-168.366519,53.252024],[-168.315847,53.481729],[-167.816998,53.517947],[-167.872879,53.36736],[-168.211705,53.256184]]],[[[-166.728918,54.003111],[-166.57509,53.879236],[-166.373689,54.01003],[-166.210964,53.933557],[-166.547438,53.749404],[-166.119922,53.855048],[-166.111317,53.776856],[-166.656234,53.487119],[-167.798984,53.284757],[-167.102305,53.515077],[-167.16164,53.605909],[-167.041245,53.707929],[-166.779991,53.719126],[-167.141966,53.826932],[-166.728918,54.003111]]],[[[-169.553937,56.608682],[-169.473138,56.601741],[-169.75575,56.591922],[-169.553937,56.608682]]],[[[-165.721389,60.16962],[-165.539367,59.965175],[-166.157071,59.748886],[-167.111785,59.989349],[-167.421489,60.205431],[-166.847438,60.213592],[-166.124379,60.414253],[-165.697326,60.297238],[-165.721389,60.16962]]],[[[-173.052751,60.515252],[-172.951862,60.605671],[-172.269754,60.333887],[-172.595895,60.318233],[-173.052751,60.515252]]],[[[-160.918586,58.746935],[-160.700627,58.817368],[-160.880515,58.581325],[-161.07563,58.549916],[-160.918586,58.746935]]],[[[-151.930565,60.51632],[-151.839194,60.485862],[-152.079995,60.341191],[-151.930565,60.51632]]],[[[-131.246018,54.989555],[-131.253671,54.866779],[-131.469097,54.913153],[-131.246018,54.989555]]],[[[-131.759896,55.381845],[-131.748334,55.128588],[-131.870568,55.364553],[-131.759896,55.381845]]],[[[-158.800682,55.891025],[-158.7036,55.841532],[-158.889198,55.810123],[-158.800682,55.891025]]],[[[-131.56956,55.284114],[-131.350575,55.067042],[-131.579882,55.017576],[-131.56956,55.284114]]],[[[-133.344847,55.569327],[-133.289854,55.50187],[-133.609073,55.241486],[-133.690174,55.304409],[-133.733029,55.558757],[-133.644202,55.470815],[-133.344847,55.569327]]],[[[-133.104304,55.426907],[-133.416549,55.739647],[-133.701152,55.78516],[-133.347915,55.803943],[-133.384089,55.87677],[-133.799931,55.925349],[-133.548802,56.14284],[-133.593728,56.352192],[-133.094977,56.250583],[-132.146062,55.470346],[-132.514798,55.576767],[-132.608786,55.486348],[-132.408317,55.512522],[-132.166857,55.363039],[-132.214912,55.2457],[-131.979818,55.211787],[-132.180334,55.015557],[-131.984592,55.027978],[-131.999591,54.731975],[-132.142277,54.691674],[-132.55839,54.932612],[-132.598675,55.150482],[-132.748854,54.996007],[-133.119294,55.251405],[-132.909706,54.923594],[-132.650001,54.904387],[-132.676226,54.680865],[-132.866355,54.700386],[-133.21042,55.040269],[-133.223791,55.229317],[-133.473593,55.255547],[-133.021557,55.366336],[-133.104304,55.426907]]],[[[-147.483828,60.618636],[-147.487635,60.728092],[-147.3087,60.665274],[-147.483828,60.618636]]],[[[-147.217704,60.293504],[-146.962633,60.311911],[-147.533041,59.852401],[-147.912883,59.79224],[-147.217704,60.293504]]],[[[-147.562801,60.579821],[-147.720124,60.202002],[-147.908985,60.224359],[-147.782548,60.4833],[-147.562801,60.579821]]],[[[-132.977163,56.439673],[-132.634335,56.422174],[-132.662081,56.274795],[-133.010587,56.309492],[-132.977163,56.439673]]],[[[-135.631777,58.380673],[-135.538502,58.337842],[-135.727908,58.365444],[-135.631777,58.380673]]],[[[-134.713987,58.220748],[-134.215981,58.162128],[-133.832895,57.635733],[-134.202353,57.90633],[-133.870327,57.381298],[-134.565687,57.023737],[-134.646773,57.226327],[-134.578511,57.400291],[-134.486023,57.372492],[-134.969189,58.367542],[-134.713987,58.220748]]],[[[-155.656727,55.860872],[-155.564404,55.809476],[-155.718593,55.772356],[-155.656727,55.860872]]],[[[-152.24289,58.241192],[-152.265111,58.135732],[-152.562829,58.177979],[-152.706831,58.050577],[-153.075746,58.099571],[-152.876788,58.002307],[-152.982406,57.984697],[-153.419783,58.059638],[-153.156402,58.090087],[-153.209672,58.15035],[-152.610955,58.475775],[-152.56771,58.621304],[-152.354709,58.63828],[-152.493991,58.354684],[-152.328063,58.434372],[-151.964103,58.269049],[-152.081083,58.154275],[-152.24289,58.241192]]],[[[-153.940505,56.558317],[-154.343096,56.510171],[-154.223759,56.612955],[-153.940505,56.558317]]],[[[-152.417424,57.815464],[-152.324284,57.824444],[-152.468172,57.600996],[-152.179531,57.624809],[-152.323683,57.467861],[-152.9663,57.51217],[-152.601148,57.382165],[-153.079288,57.32196],[-152.97091,57.282624],[-153.163333,57.216713],[-152.874839,57.16095],[-153.301142,56.991192],[-153.328206,57.141993],[-153.675981,57.06983],[-153.543429,56.995245],[-153.97178,56.744861],[-154.129017,56.742168],[-153.804787,57.113158],[-154.298965,56.846479],[-154.574343,57.239919],[-154.777368,57.280008],[-154.629678,57.510197],[-154.22566,57.661366],[-153.994572,57.656905],[-153.802932,57.350896],[-153.877756,57.629529],[-153.667261,57.639008],[-153.93522,57.813047],[-153.721176,57.890615],[-153.557647,57.734741],[-153.324872,57.831048],[-153.528697,57.921717],[-153.469421,57.977282],[-153.127278,57.856748],[-153.299009,57.985626],[-152.723425,57.99172],[-152.904312,57.750825],[-152.415177,57.973081],[-152.324103,57.916604],[-152.417424,57.815464]]],[[[-134.283312,55.925175],[-134.173104,55.918519],[-134.327238,55.83644],[-134.283312,55.925175]]],[[[-134.121514,56.069847],[-134.224073,56.065223],[-134.292353,56.352644],[-134.067466,56.390987],[-134.089604,56.472582],[-134.401407,56.725419],[-134.339168,56.90183],[-134.19095,56.861675],[-134.273113,56.933823],[-133.76778,56.780469],[-133.713331,56.598298],[-133.895746,56.511217],[-133.971228,56.083293],[-134.054411,56.224854],[-134.121514,56.069847]]],[[[-132.546463,56.606563],[-132.984751,56.51264],[-133.325392,56.791864],[-133.089388,56.535474],[-133.603669,56.435413],[-133.689996,56.839421],[-134.049218,57.029203],[-133.104611,57.005701],[-132.546463,56.606563]]],[[[-134.666587,56.169947],[-135.054049,56.527658],[-135.005249,56.602252],[-135.398678,56.779201],[-135.372021,57.228003],[-135.674687,57.336747],[-135.526036,57.509697],[-134.849477,57.40967],[-134.615955,56.637289],[-134.666587,56.169947]]],[[[-135.587961,57.89732],[-135.29156,57.737468],[-134.929726,57.759203],[-134.824891,57.500067],[-135.025148,57.454315],[-135.571606,57.674397],[-135.669416,57.389296],[-135.892131,57.408048],[-136.563223,58.035052],[-136.354836,58.192279],[-136.404805,58.267232],[-136.239246,58.171913],[-135.823562,58.282975],[-135.522646,58.185909],[-135.581753,57.997568],[-135.420107,58.144202],[-134.912854,57.979287],[-135.140674,57.926114],[-134.991819,57.835436],[-135.19896,57.775092],[-135.587961,57.89732]]],[[[-135.703464,57.32204],[-135.575722,57.104231],[-135.854131,56.995043],[-135.755997,57.121225],[-135.849974,57.265895],[-135.703464,57.32204]]],[[[-162.587754,63.275727],[-162.252411,63.541753],[-161.310181,63.471312],[-160.809089,63.731332],[-160.976038,64.235761],[-161.492926,64.407851],[-161.388621,64.532783],[-161.024185,64.499719],[-160.783398,64.71716],[-161.149655,64.911985],[-161.42986,64.759027],[-162.188146,64.672395],[-162.790167,64.325182],[-162.940776,64.542417],[-163.217757,64.632062],[-163.311983,64.58828],[-163.033231,64.519314],[-163.175336,64.399334],[-163.597834,64.563356],[-165.001961,64.433917],[-166.189546,64.575798],[-166.451788,64.691761],[-166.410198,64.827968],[-166.530518,64.937114],[-166.911922,65.125965],[-166.521506,65.149242],[-166.439404,65.319058],[-167.398458,65.400259],[-168.127044,65.626584],[-165.80503,66.33331],[-164.400727,66.58111],[-163.754171,66.551284],[-163.904813,66.230303],[-164.046937,66.209404],[-163.623921,66.058281],[-161.838018,66.022582],[-161.548429,66.239912],[-161.067871,66.235164],[-161.360743,66.375943],[-161.912946,66.344436],[-161.87488,66.511446],[-162.501415,66.742503],[-162.601052,66.898455],[-162.271769,66.904144],[-162.013623,66.779406],[-162.033156,66.631585],[-161.624334,66.450143],[-161.326349,66.478371],[-161.86618,66.704978],[-161.719587,66.916898],[-161.485121,66.945647],[-161.62216,67.008146],[-163.69887,67.114443],[-163.878781,67.416125],[-164.209816,67.639079],[-166.784578,68.340431],[-166.305962,68.46154],[-166.222496,68.860441],[-163.973678,68.985044],[-163.137614,69.352178],[-163.016456,69.538142],[-163.118176,69.589156],[-162.916958,69.692512],[-163.010545,69.728109],[-161.922949,70.291599],[-160.839536,70.344534],[-159.209082,70.870067],[-159.132483,70.828359],[-159.290577,70.811262],[-159.13779,70.758609],[-157.768452,70.875842],[-156.56865,71.352561],[-155.513987,71.096794],[-155.95205,70.964831],[-155.969194,70.827982],[-155.543031,70.847175],[-155.03174,71.146473],[-154.61605,71.026182],[-154.577386,70.835335],[-154.181863,70.768325],[-153.23848,70.922467],[-152.259966,70.84282],[-152.187197,70.801546],[-152.471531,70.68884],[-152.433781,70.616926],[-151.695162,70.549675],[-151.91921,70.472686],[-151.844375,70.434959],[-149.461755,70.518271],[-147.681722,70.199954],[-145.842689,70.164102],[-144.902304,69.96451],[-143.574986,70.154598],[-142.746807,70.042531],[-141.377718,69.634631],[-141.002672,69.645609],[-141.00184,60.306105],[-139.989142,60.18524],[-139.738924,60.31842],[-139.086669,60.357654],[-139.200346,60.090701],[-137.604277,59.243057],[-137.526424,58.906834],[-136.581521,59.164909],[-136.474326,59.464194],[-136.234229,59.524731],[-136.256889,59.623646],[-135.477436,59.799626],[-135.254125,59.701339],[-135.027456,59.563692],[-134.961972,59.280376],[-134.702383,59.247836],[-134.250526,58.858046],[-133.379908,58.427909],[-133.461475,58.385526],[-132.29792,57.269469],[-132.371312,57.095229],[-132.051044,57.051155],[-132.080262,56.850926],[-131.9301,56.835211],[-131.849898,56.661227],[-130.102761,56.116696],[-130.023189,55.930665],[-130.150595,55.767031],[-129.982348,55.302079],[-130.409764,54.881192],[-130.854966,54.766341],[-131.093806,55.191335],[-130.925069,55.300713],[-130.901872,55.69738],[-131.093956,55.895675],[-131.243491,55.973689],[-130.94683,55.650716],[-130.959772,55.315892],[-131.000594,55.398012],[-131.160492,55.197481],[-131.263089,55.208318],[-131.191595,55.360527],[-131.402931,55.238065],[-131.828446,55.445214],[-131.664629,55.581525],[-131.713742,55.853263],[-131.828176,55.877284],[-131.936689,55.535151],[-132.183207,55.588128],[-132.283594,55.761774],[-132.067412,55.875078],[-131.943402,56.192557],[-132.320487,55.887648],[-132.708697,56.112124],[-132.543076,56.332276],[-132.382793,56.299203],[-132.394268,56.485579],[-132.204367,56.372086],[-132.371589,56.672473],[-132.528446,56.702056],[-132.432385,56.782385],[-132.770404,56.837486],[-132.91197,56.966651],[-132.813684,57.030218],[-133.466932,57.159356],[-133.489738,57.305192],[-133.287052,57.30292],[-133.475998,57.380394],[-133.478086,57.56173],[-133.66439,57.611707],[-133.65855,57.707924],[-133.234598,57.608749],[-134.049603,58.062027],[-134.087674,58.181952],[-134.631203,58.247446],[-135.368331,59.263275],[-135.295084,59.08761],[-135.38931,58.990528],[-135.142322,58.61637],[-135.056227,58.189884],[-135.433061,58.399899],[-135.90731,58.380839],[-136.120307,58.968418],[-136.150772,58.757266],[-136.247343,58.752935],[-136.877826,58.962392],[-136.928643,58.900131],[-136.463258,58.781607],[-136.422309,58.647412],[-136.246368,58.663185],[-136.041818,58.380161],[-136.70125,58.219416],[-137.608804,58.601234],[-138.131,59.002613],[-139.855565,59.53666],[-139.51818,59.687814],[-139.625896,59.904084],[-139.486032,60.012407],[-140.272266,59.700609],[-141.423134,59.877329],[-141.299609,59.937397],[-141.384318,60.071598],[-141.73624,59.961905],[-142.698419,60.093333],[-144.035037,60.020202],[-144.59088,59.795581],[-144.052539,60.041759],[-144.892815,60.292821],[-144.964135,60.444466],[-145.113885,60.300978],[-145.9469,60.455395],[-145.712891,60.583249],[-146.689523,60.271279],[-146.637783,60.467178],[-145.795141,60.601121],[-145.841742,60.685893],[-146.253471,60.622315],[-146.101458,60.719277],[-146.191553,60.73199],[-146.668151,60.692761],[-146.183555,60.846969],[-146.262969,60.867787],[-146.801009,60.80516],[-146.653827,61.047752],[-146.262451,61.090246],[-146.613659,61.118799],[-147.378483,60.877845],[-147.525453,60.896057],[-147.514173,61.096127],[-147.66899,60.841563],[-148.134384,60.791268],[-147.715826,61.249669],[-148.426951,60.827113],[-148.384491,60.687754],[-148.148059,60.758536],[-148.091712,60.676249],[-148.30652,60.550702],[-148.115163,60.596029],[-147.942106,60.444029],[-148.025994,60.279029],[-148.171278,60.335266],[-148.362497,60.221849],[-147.913221,60.132576],[-148.016432,59.999344],[-147.848469,60.078962],[-147.917935,59.985997],[-148.225235,59.950195],[-148.148011,59.994952],[-148.274241,60.013318],[-148.293213,60.151289],[-148.401601,59.9976],[-149.133115,60.044918],[-149.287588,59.906506],[-149.341584,60.076762],[-149.584254,59.866905],[-149.526358,59.703258],[-149.666147,59.850527],[-149.746364,59.860881],[-149.74622,59.637585],[-150.028296,59.788652],[-149.928962,59.723245],[-150.392481,59.387265],[-150.316945,59.585285],[-150.478742,59.458498],[-150.547729,59.590331],[-150.942212,59.233136],[-151.915684,59.227522],[-151.991618,59.313617],[-151.826047,59.439049],[-151.272459,59.555823],[-150.927312,59.793431],[-151.503822,59.633662],[-151.829137,59.720151],[-151.71801,60.009473],[-151.30609,60.387257],[-151.40927,60.720558],[-150.353702,61.031822],[-150.217179,60.930001],[-149.111617,60.878949],[-150.039304,61.144291],[-149.429513,61.447165],[-149.542776,61.489995],[-149.919682,61.26347],[-150.646221,61.296689],[-151.783271,60.868713],[-151.702833,60.727778],[-151.860179,60.753282],[-152.309221,60.506384],[-152.234199,60.393888],[-152.715881,60.241274],[-152.596784,60.101071],[-152.745083,59.904232],[-153.225937,59.858343],[-153.021945,59.834133],[-153.214156,59.634271],[-153.366613,59.633729],[-153.439977,59.784652],[-153.577828,59.555991],[-154.087803,59.367967],[-154.260121,59.14302],[-153.254798,58.861756],[-153.445002,58.70931],[-153.851432,58.611872],[-154.291163,58.13568],[-154.990431,58.013424],[-155.37861,57.710766],[-155.617188,57.769715],[-155.731412,57.555546],[-156.044031,57.564455],[-156.036722,57.470941],[-156.481632,57.338705],[-156.551239,57.2908],[-156.336427,57.336081],[-156.355401,57.159679],[-156.5472,56.986488],[-157.201724,56.767511],[-157.45759,56.848204],[-157.536486,56.615317],[-158.042012,56.596744],[-157.859766,56.483668],[-158.402954,56.455193],[-158.498837,56.38011],[-158.112718,56.240286],[-158.475258,56.093405],[-158.417889,56.036796],[-158.575042,56.121129],[-158.737009,55.953313],[-159.472801,55.83905],[-159.696713,55.573306],[-159.627482,55.803248],[-159.81107,55.85657],[-160.410823,55.66538],[-160.481633,55.489068],[-160.909625,55.52414],[-161.231535,55.357452],[-161.445196,55.368103],[-161.376102,55.569794],[-161.587047,55.62006],[-161.878076,55.223599],[-162.041236,55.236806],[-162.053281,55.074212],[-162.489735,55.064849],[-162.4168,55.104096],[-162.584872,55.298386],[-162.692309,55.197313],[-162.569289,54.97124],[-162.881639,54.934785],[-163.165036,55.099214],[-163.226313,55.042694],[-163.067008,54.979302],[-163.373207,54.800841],[-163.057228,54.688101],[-163.344791,54.751211],[-163.572383,54.623211],[-164.179617,54.599188],[-164.41682,54.431713],[-164.844931,54.417583],[-164.949781,54.575697],[-164.48678,54.922441],[-163.568159,55.049145],[-163.318885,54.88012],[-163.268767,55.145465],[-162.86152,55.198339],[-161.816225,55.888993],[-160.898682,55.999014],[-160.814205,55.953834],[-160.940845,55.822529],[-160.806014,55.738241],[-160.668102,55.723556],[-160.769155,55.858268],[-160.293924,55.765556],[-160.273176,55.856881],[-160.534541,55.989498],[-160.357156,56.279582],[-158.957471,56.851184],[-158.660298,56.789015],[-158.659945,57.034585],[-158.376249,57.265542],[-157.786046,57.542189],[-157.573472,57.522732],[-157.703782,57.721768],[-157.596601,58.08867],[-157.39735,58.173383],[-157.524477,58.414506],[-156.980888,58.891031],[-158.190283,58.61371],[-158.512547,58.78311],[-158.487015,58.999872],[-158.179588,59.012245],[-158.522231,59.021763],[-158.789632,58.814257],[-158.827852,58.626432],[-158.704052,58.482759],[-158.880927,58.39067],[-159.657362,58.938712],[-159.908386,58.779903],[-160.322922,58.953953],[-160.31778,59.070477],[-161.751999,58.551842],[-162.171722,58.648441],[-161.769501,58.774937],[-161.828171,59.062702],[-162.048584,59.254177],[-161.738312,59.46701],[-162.453176,60.27854],[-162.1724,60.624038],[-162.571198,60.25189],[-162.453176,60.197639],[-162.503647,59.99923],[-163.349027,59.81989],[-164.079837,59.828034],[-164.1916,60.024496],[-165.129403,60.433707],[-164.961439,60.508391],[-165.362975,60.506866],[-164.97125,60.711434],[-164.945958,60.92106],[-165.132488,60.850145],[-165.194945,60.9739],[-164.87045,61.079564],[-165.2897,61.181714],[-165.403007,61.06706],[-165.578127,61.100361],[-165.662892,61.29457],[-165.921194,61.40308],[-165.767226,61.45695],[-165.807627,61.529171],[-166.165232,61.550618],[-166.158976,61.700437],[-165.82214,61.67061],[-166.092081,61.800733],[-165.640216,61.848041],[-165.706155,62.108365],[-164.837703,62.685267],[-164.783858,62.946154],[-164.493118,63.17767],[-164.066991,63.262276],[-163.316203,63.037763],[-162.587754,63.275727]]],[[[-169.267598,63.343995],[-168.692939,63.302282],[-168.818344,63.163224],[-169.396308,63.136617],[-169.638309,62.937527],[-170.512102,63.341881],[-171.067663,63.424579],[-171.433319,63.307578],[-171.849984,63.485039],[-171.699647,63.781728],[-170.950817,63.570127],[-170.281988,63.68502],[-169.974858,63.470618],[-169.267598,63.343995]]],[[[-162.614621,63.621832],[-162.341892,63.594062],[-162.676581,63.555648],[-162.614621,63.621832]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba5e4b0a38ca2750b4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pastick, Neal J. 0000-0002-8169-3018 njpastick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3018","contributorId":4785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastick","given":"Neal","email":"njpastick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duffy, Paul A.","contributorId":148013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16973,"text":"Neptune and Company Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Genet, Hélène","contributorId":195179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genet","given":"Hélène","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rupp, T. Scott","contributorId":195180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rupp","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Kristofer","contributorId":195181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kristofer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":140457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[{"id":13506,"text":"Alaska Ecoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony D. 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":2493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jafarov, Elchin","contributorId":195182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jafarov","given":"Elchin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Knight, Joseph F.","contributorId":55311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70189838,"text":"70189838 - 2017 - The transition from frictional sliding to shear melting in laboratory stick-slip experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T18:50:12.571949","indexId":"70189838","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"The transition from frictional sliding to shear melting in laboratory stick-slip experiments","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fault zone dynamic processes: Evolution of fault properties during seismic rupture","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","isbn":"978-1-119-15688-8","usgsCitation":"Lockner, D.A., Kilgore, B.D., Beeler, N.M., and Moore, D.E., 2017, The transition from frictional sliding to shear melting in laboratory stick-slip experiments, chap. 6 of Fault zone dynamic processes: Evolution of fault properties during seismic rupture, p. 105-130.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"130","ipdsId":"IP-068784","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":344405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1119156882.html"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba5e4b0a38ca2750b4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075 dmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":2704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane","email":"dmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189857,"text":"70189857 - 2017 - Integrating Breeding Bird Survey and demographic data to estimate Wood Duck population size in the Atlantic Flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T13:54:42","indexId":"70189857","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating Breeding Bird Survey and demographic data to estimate Wood Duck population size in the Atlantic Flyway","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) uses data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) to assist in monitoring and management of some migratory birds. However, BBS analyses provide indices of population change rather than estimates of population size, precluding their use in developing abundance-based objectives and limiting applicability to harvest management. Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa) are important harvested birds in the Atlantic Flyway (AF) that are difficult to detect during aerial surveys because they prefer forested habitat. We integrated Wood Duck count data from a ground-plot survey in the northeastern U.S. with AF-wide BBS, banding, parts collection, and harvest data to derive estimates of population size for the AF. Overlapping results between the smaller-scale intensive ground-plot survey and the BBS in the northeastern U.S. provided a means for scaling BBS indices to the breeding population size estimates. We applied these scaling factors to BBS results for portions of the AF lacking intensive surveys. Banding data provided estimates of annual survival and harvest rates; the latter, when combined with parts-collection data, provided estimates of recruitment. We used the harvest data to estimate fall population size. Our estimates of breeding population size and variability from the integrated population model (N̄ = 0.99 million, SD = 0.04) were similar to estimates of breeding population size based solely on data from the AF ground-plot surveys and the BBS (N̄ = 1.01 million, SD = 0.04) from 1998 to 2015. Integrating BBS data with other data provided reliable population size estimates for Wood Ducks at a scale useful for harvest and habitat management in the AF, and allowed us to derive estimates of important demographic parameters (e.g., seasonal survival rates, sex ratio) that were not directly informed by data.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-17-7.1","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, G.S., Sauer, J.R., Boomer, G., Devers, P.K., and Garrettson, P., 2017, Integrating Breeding Bird Survey and demographic data to estimate Wood Duck population size in the Atlantic Flyway: The Condor, v. 119, no. 3, p. 616-628, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-7.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"616","endPage":"628","ipdsId":"IP-087327","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-17-7.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba3e4b0a38ca2750b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":42473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boomer, G. Scott","contributorId":84603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boomer","given":"G. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Devers, Patrick K.","contributorId":167173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devers","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garrettson, Pamela R.","contributorId":146531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrettson","given":"Pamela R.","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189858,"text":"70189858 - 2017 - The first 50 years of the North American Breeding Bird Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T13:49:58","indexId":"70189858","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The first 50 years of the North American Breeding Bird Survey","docAbstract":"The vision of Chandler (Chan) S. Robbins for a continental-scale omnibus survey of breeding birds led to the development of the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS). Chan was uniquely suited to develop the BBS. His position as a government scientist had given him experience with designing and implementing continental-scale surveys, his research background made him an effective advocate of the need for a survey to monitor pesticide effects on birds, and his prominence in the birding community gave him connections to infrastructure—a network of qualified volunteer birders who could conduct roadside surveys with standardized point counts. Having started in the eastern United States and the Atlantic provinces of Canada in 1966, the BBS now provides population change information for ∼546 species in the continental United States and Canada, and recently initiated routes in Mexico promise to greatly expand the areas and species covered by the survey. Although survey protocols have remained unchanged for 50 years, the BBS remains relevant in a changing world. Several papers that follow in this Special Section of The Condor: Ornithological Advances review how the BBS has been applied to conservation assessments, especially in combination with other large-scale survey data. A critical feature of the BBS program is an active research program into field and analytical methods to enhance the quality of the count data and to control for factors that influence detectability. Papers in the Special Section also present advances in BBS analyses that improve the utility of this expanding and sometimes controversial survey. In this Perspective, we introduce the Special Section by reviewing the history of the BBS, describing current analyses, and providing summary trend results for all species, highlighting 3 groups of conservation concern: grassland-breeding birds, aridland-breeding birds, and aerial insectivorous birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-17-83.1","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.R., Ziolkowski, D., Pardieck, K.L., Smith, A.C., Hudson, M.R., Rodriguez, V., Berlanga, H., Niven, D., and Link, W.A., 2017, The first 50 years of the North American Breeding Bird Survey: The Condor, v. 119, no. 3, p. 576-593, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-83.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"576","endPage":"593","ipdsId":"IP-087311","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-17-83.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba3e4b0a38ca2750b38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ziolkowski, David Jr. 0000-0002-2500-4417 dziolkowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-4417","contributorId":195233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziolkowski","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"dziolkowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pardieck, Keith L. 0000-0003-2779-4392 kpardieck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-4392","contributorId":4104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardieck","given":"Keith","email":"kpardieck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Adam C.","contributorId":195234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Marie-Anne R.","contributorId":195235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Marie-Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rodriguez, Vicente","contributorId":195236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Berlanga, Humberto","contributorId":195237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berlanga","given":"Humberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Niven, Daniel 0000-0002-9527-0577 dniven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9527-0577","contributorId":179148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niven","given":"Daniel","email":"dniven@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70189208,"text":"ds1058 - 2017 - Drilling, construction, geophysical log data, and lithologic log for boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-28T13:23:25","indexId":"ds1058","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1058","title":"Drilling, construction, geophysical log data, and lithologic log for boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"Starting in 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, drilled and constructed boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A for stratigraphic framework analyses and long-term groundwater monitoring of the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory in southeast Idaho. Borehole USGS 142 initially was cored to collect rock and sediment core, then re-drilled to complete construction as a screened water-level monitoring well. Borehole USGS 142A was drilled and constructed as a monitoring well after construction problems with borehole USGS 142 prevented access to upper 100 feet (ft) of the aquifer. Boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A are separated by about 30 ft and have similar geology and hydrologic characteristics. Groundwater was first measured near 530 feet below land surface (ft BLS) at both borehole locations. Water levels measured through piezometers, separated by almost 1,200 ft, in borehole USGS 142 indicate upward hydraulic gradients at this location. Following construction and data collection, screened water-level access lines were placed in boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A to allow for recurring water level measurements.
Borehole USGS 142 was cored continuously, starting at the first basalt contact (about 4.9 ft BLS) to a depth of 1,880 ft BLS. Excluding surface sediment, recovery of basalt, rhyolite, and sediment core at borehole USGS 142 was approximately 89 percent or 1,666 ft of total core recovered. Based on visual inspection of core and geophysical data, material examined from 4.9 to 1,880 ft BLS in borehole USGS 142 consists of approximately 45 basalt flows, 16 significant sediment and (or) sedimentary rock layers, and rhyolite welded tuff. Rhyolite was encountered at approximately 1,396 ft BLS. Sediment layers comprise a large percentage of the borehole between 739 and 1,396 ft BLS with grain sizes ranging from clay and silt to cobble size. Sedimentary rock layers had calcite cement. Basalt flows ranged in thickness from about 2 to 100 ft and varied from highly fractured to dense, and ranged from massive to diktytaxitic to scoriaceous, in texture.
Geophysical logs were collected on completion of drilling at boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A. Geophysical logs were examined with available core material to describe basalt, sediment and sedimentary rock layers, and rhyolite. Natural gamma logs were used to confirm sediment layer thickness and location; neutron logs were used to examine basalt flow units and changes in hydrogen content; gamma-gamma density logs were used to describe general changes in rock properties; and temperature logs were used to understand hydraulic gradients for deeper sections of borehole USGS 142. Gyroscopic deviation was measured to record deviation from true vertical at all depths in boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy DOE/ID-22243","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., Hodges, M.K.V., Schusler, Kyle, and Mudge, Christopher, 2017, Drilling, construction, geophysical log data, and lithologic log for boreholes USGS 142 and USGS 142A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1058 (DOE/ID-22243), 21 p., plus appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1058.","productDescription":"Report: v, 21 p.; Appendices A-C","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079458","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344347,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1058/ds1058.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1058"},{"id":344346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1058/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344348,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1058/ds1058_appendix.A.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"350 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1058 Appendix A"},{"id":344349,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1058/ds1058_appendix.B.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"130 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1058 Appendix B"},{"id":344350,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1058/ds1058_appendix.C.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1058 Appendix C"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.75,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -112.25,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -112.25,\n 43.3\n ],\n [\n -113.75,\n 43.3\n ],\n [\n -113.75,\n 44.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
The unique hydrologic conditions characterizing riparian ecosystems in dryland (arid and semi-arid) areas help maintain high biodiversity and support high levels of primary productivity compared to associated uplands. In western North America, many riparian ecosystems have been damaged by altered flow regimes (e.g., impoundments and diversions) and over utilization of water resources (e.g., groundwater pumping for agriculture and human consumption). This has led some state and national governments to provide occasional environmental flows to address the declining condition of such riparian systems. In a historic agreement between the United States and Mexico, 130 million cubic meters (mcm) of water was released to the lower Colorado River Delta in Mexico, with the intent to evaluate the hydrological and biological response of the ecosystem. We used the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) to estimate long term (2000–2014) and short term (pre- and post-pulse; 2013 and 2014) evapotranspiration (ET; used herein as an indicator of plant health) of the delta’s riparian corridor. We found the pulse flow helped reverse a decline in ET from 2011 to 2013, with a small, but statistically significant increase in 2014 (P < 0.05). ET was greater than 100 mcm in all years analyzed (even in years without surface flows) and exceeded surface flows in all years except 2000 (result of excess flows following an El Niño cycle in 1997) and 2014 (year of the pulse flow). Based on groundwater salinities and MODIS ET estimates, we estimated groundwater flow into the delta to be ∼103 mcm. Shallow groundwater salinities in the riparian zone increased from 1.30 g L−1 in the most upstream reach to 2.77 g L−1 in the most downstream reach we measured, partly due to uptake of water by riparian vegetation and partly to intrusion of saline agricultural return flows. The disparity between surface flows and ET can likely be explained by the predominantly phreatophytic plants characterizing the area, which draw water from the aquifer. These results also suggest that the deteriorated condition of vegetation within the riparian zone might not be reversed by a single pulse event and could instead require subsequent pulse flows as a long term strategy to restore vegetation in this riparian ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.10.056","usgsCitation":"Jarchow, C.J., Nagler, P.L., Glenn, E., Ramirez-Hernandez, J., and Rodriguez-Burgueno, E., 2017, Evapotranspiration by remote sensing: An analysis of the Colorado River Delta before and after the Minute 319 pulse flow to Mexico: Ecological Engineering, v. 106, no. B, p. 725-732, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.10.056.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"725","endPage":"732","ipdsId":"IP-071895","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.10.056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ],\n [\n -114.67941284179688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ],\n [\n -114.67941284179688,\n 32.72375394304274\n ],\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.72375394304274\n ],\n [\n -115.11886596679688,\n 32.132594234149906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba6e4b0a38ca2750b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":5813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":56542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward P.","affiliations":[{"id":13060,"text":"Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramirez-Hernandez, Jorge","contributorId":195176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez-Hernandez","given":"Jorge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez-Burgueno, Eliana 0000-0002-5590-6606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6606","contributorId":176492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Burgueno","given":"Eliana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189789,"text":"70189789 - 2017 - Shallow marine response to global climate change during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Salisbury Embayment, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-22T13:53:58","indexId":"70189789","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow marine response to global climate change during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Salisbury Embayment, USA","docAbstract":"The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an interval of extreme warmth that caused disruption of marine and terrestrial ecosystems on a global scale. Here we examine the sediments, flora, and fauna from an expanded section at Mattawoman Creek-Billingsley Road (MCBR) in Maryland and explore the impact of warming at a nearshore shallow marine (30–100 m water depth) site in the Salisbury Embayment. Observations indicate that at the onset of the PETM, the site abruptly shifted from an open marine to prodelta setting with increased terrestrial and fresh water input. Changes in microfossil biota suggest stratification of the water column and low-oxygen bottom water conditions in the earliest Eocene. Formation of authigenic carbonate through microbial diagenesis produced an unusually large bulk carbon isotope shift, while the magnitude of the corresponding signal from benthic foraminifera is similar to that at other marine sites. This proves that the landward increase in the magnitude of the carbon isotope excursion measured in bulk sediment is not due to a near instantaneous release of 12C-enriched CO2. We conclude that the MCBR site records nearshore marine response to global climate change that can be used as an analog for modern coastal response to global warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2017PA003096","usgsCitation":"Self-Trail, J., Robinson, M.M., Bralower, T., Sessa, J.A., Hajek, E.A., Kump, L.R., Trampush, S.M., Willard, D.A., Edwards, L.E., Powars, D.S., and Wandless, G.A., 2017, Shallow marine response to global climate change during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Salisbury Embayment, USA: Paleoceanography, v. 32, no. 7, p. 710-728, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017PA003096.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"710","endPage":"728","ipdsId":"IP-079165","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa51e4b0ec1a488b8bd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bralower, Timothy J.","contributorId":195144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bralower","given":"Timothy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sessa, Jocelyn A.","contributorId":195145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sessa","given":"Jocelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hajek, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":195146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hajek","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kump, Lee R.","contributorId":195147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kump","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Trampush, Sheila M.","contributorId":195148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trampush","given":"Sheila","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wandless, Gregory A.","contributorId":195149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wandless","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70189817,"text":"70189817 - 2017 - Spatial variation in edaphic characteristics is a stronger control than nitrogen inputs in regulating soil microbial effects on a desert grass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:51:04","indexId":"70189817","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation in edaphic characteristics is a stronger control than nitrogen inputs in regulating soil microbial effects on a desert grass","docAbstract":"Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can have wide-ranging effects on plant community structure and ecosystem function, some of which may be indirectly mediated by soil microbial responses to an altered biogeochemical environment. In this study, soils from a field N fertilization experiment that spanned a soil texture gradient were used as inocula in the greenhouse to assess the indirect effects of soil microbial communities on growth of a desert grass. Plant performance and interaction with soil microbiota were evaluated via plant above- and belowground biomass, leaf N concentration, and root fungal colonization. Nitrogen fertilization in the field increased the benefits of soil microbial inoculation to plant leaf N concentration, but did not alter the effect of soil microbes on plant growth. Plant-microbe interaction outcomes differed most strongly among sites with different soil textures, where the soil microbial community from the sandiest site was most beneficial to host plant growth. The findings of this study suggest that in a desert grassland, increases in atmospheric N deposition may exert a more subtle influence on plant-microbe interactions by altering plant nutrient status, whereas edaphic factors can alter the whole-plant growth response to soil microbial associates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.03.005","usgsCitation":"Chung, Y.A., Sinsabaugh, R.L., Kuske, C.R., Reed, S.C., and Rudgers, J.A., 2017, Spatial variation in edaphic characteristics is a stronger control than nitrogen inputs in regulating soil microbial effects on a desert grass: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 142, p. 59-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.03.005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-076030","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1351204","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa4ee4b0ec1a488b8bcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chung, Y. Anny","contributorId":195171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chung","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"Anny","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinsabaugh, Robert L","contributorId":195172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinsabaugh","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuske, Cheryl R.","contributorId":175361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuske","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27561,"text":"Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rudgers, Jennifer A.","contributorId":195173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudgers","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187106,"text":"sir20175022L - 2017 - Geologic field-trip guide to Long Valley Caldera, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70187106,"text":"sir20175022L - 2017 - Geologic field-trip guide to Long Valley Caldera, California","indexId":"sir20175022L","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Geologic field-trip guide to Long Valley Caldera, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70188710,"text":"sir20175022 - 2017 - Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States","indexId":"sir20175022","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70188710,"text":"sir20175022 - 2017 - Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States","indexId":"sir20175022","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"Field-trip guides to selected volcanoes and volcanic landscapes of the western United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T17:31:28","indexId":"sir20175022L","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5022","chapter":"L","title":"Geologic field-trip guide to Long Valley Caldera, California","docAbstract":"This guide to the geology of Long Valley Caldera is presented in four parts: (1) An overview of the volcanic geology; (2) a chronological summary of the principal geologic events; (3) a road log with directions and descriptions for 38 field-trip stops; and (4) a summary of the geophysical unrest since 1978 and discussion of its causes. The sequence of stops is arranged as a four-day excursion for the quadrennial General Assembly of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI), centered in Portland, Oregon, in August 2017. Most stops, however, are written freestanding, with directions that allow each one to be visited independently, in any order selected.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175022L","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W. and Fierstein, J., 2017, Geologic field-trip guide to Long Valley Caldera, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–L, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175120L.","productDescription":"x, 119 p.","numberOfPages":"119","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076211","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344296,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/l/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344306,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5022/l/sir20175022l.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5022-L"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.5,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -119.5\n ,\n 38.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Five passive membrane samplers were deployed for 28 continuous days at select sites along and near the west Maui coastline to assess organic compounds and contaminant inputs to diverse, shallow coral reef ecosystems. Daily and weekly fluctuations in such inputs were captured on the membranes using integrative sampling. The distribution of organic compounds observed at these five coastal sites showed considerable variation; with high concentrations of terrestrially sourced organic compounds such as C29 sterols and high molecular weight n-alkanes at the strongly groundwater-influenced Kahekili vent site. In comparison, the coastal sites were presumably influenced more by seasonal surface and stream water runoff and therefore had marine-sourced organic compounds and fewer pharmaceuticals and personal care products. The direct correlation to upstream land-use practices was not obvious and may require additional wet-season sampling. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products as well as flame retardants were detected at all sites, and the Kahekili vent site had the highest number of detections. Planned future work must also determine the organic compound and contaminant concentrations adsorbed onto water column particulate matter, because it may also be an important vector for contaminant transport to coral reef ecosystems. The impact of contaminants per individual (such as fecundity and metabolism) as well as per community (such as species abundance and diversity) is necessary for an accurate assessment of environmental stress. Results presented herein provide current contaminant inputs to select nearshore environments along the west Maui coastline captured during the dry season, and they can be useful to aid potential future evaluations and (or) comparisons.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the State of Hawaii Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Campbell, P.L., Prouty, N.G., Storlazzi, C.D., and D’Antonio, N.L., 2017, The use of passive membrane samplers to assess organic contaminant inputs at five coastal sites in west Maui, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1097, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171097.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076397","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344370,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1097/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344371,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1097/ofr.20171097.pdf","text":"Report","size":"500 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1097"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.72718048095703,\n 20.80394129420893\n ],\n [\n -156.5994644165039,\n 20.80394129420893\n ],\n [\n -156.5994644165039,\n 20.966248568790633\n ],\n [\n -156.72718048095703,\n 20.966248568790633\n ],\n [\n -156.72718048095703,\n 20.80394129420893\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Forests around the world are experiencing increasingly severe droughts and elevated competitive intensity due to increased tree density. However, the influence of interactions between drought and competition on forest growth remains poorly understood. Using a unique dataset of stand-scale dendrochronology sampled from 6405 trees, we quantified how annual growth of entire tree populations responds to drought and competition in eight, long-term (multi-decadal), experiments with replicated levels of density (e.g., competitive intensity) arrayed across a broad climatic and compositional gradient. Forest growth (cumulative individual tree growth within a stand) declined during drought, especially during more severe drought in drier climates. Forest growth declines were exacerbated by high density at all sites but one, particularly during periods of more severe drought. Surprisingly, the influence of forest density was persistent overall, but these density impacts were greater in the humid sites than in more arid sites. Significant density impacts occurred during periods of more extreme drought, and during warmer temperatures in the semi-arid sites but during periods of cooler temperatures in the humid sites. Because competition has a consistent influence over growth response to drought, maintaining forests at lower density may enhance resilience to drought in all climates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1849","usgsCitation":"Gleason, K., Bradford, J.B., Bottero, A., D’Amato, T., Fraver, S., Palik, B.J., Battaglia, M., Iverson, L.R., Kenefic, L., and Kern, C.C., 2017, Competition amplifies drought stress in forests across broad climatic and compositional gradients: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 7, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1849.","productDescription":"e01849; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-081501","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1849","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7125RW8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Long-term Experimental Forest Growth and Drought Data"},{"id":344318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa4fe4b0ec1a488b8bd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleason, Kelly kgleason@usgs.gov","contributorId":195150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"Kelly","email":"kgleason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":706378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bottero, Alessandra 0000-0002-0410-2675","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0410-2675","contributorId":190300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bottero","given":"Alessandra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"D’Amato, Tony","contributorId":195151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":190301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Battaglia, Michael","contributorId":30529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Iverson, Louis R.","contributorId":149884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kenefic, Laura","contributorId":195152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenefic","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kern, Christel C.","contributorId":191240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kern","given":"Christel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70189787,"text":"70189787 - 2017 - Rodenticide incidents of exposure and adverse effects on non-raptor birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T10:57:37","indexId":"70189787","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rodenticide incidents of exposure and adverse effects on non-raptor birds","docAbstract":"Interest in the adverse effects of rodenticides on birds has focused primarily on raptors. However, non-raptor birds are also poisoned (rodenticide exposure resulting in adverse effects including mortality) by rodenticides through consumption of the rodenticide bait and contaminated prey. A literature search for rodenticide incidents (evidence of exposure to a rodenticide, adverse effects, or exposure to placebo baits) involving non-raptor birds returned 641 records spanning the years 1931 to 2016. The incidents included 17 orders, 58 families, and 190 non-raptor bird species. Nineteen anticoagulant and non-anticoagulant rodenticide active ingredients were associated with the incidents. The number of incidents and species detected were compared by surveillance method. An incident was considered to have been reported through passive surveillance if it was voluntarily reported to the authorities whereas the report of an incident found through field work that was conducted with the objective of documenting adverse effects on birds was determined to be from active surveillance. More incidents were reported from passive surveillance than with active surveillance but a significantly greater number of species were detected in proportion to the number of incidents found through active surveillance than with passive surveillance (z = 7.61, p < 0.01). Results suggest that reliance on only one surveillance method can underestimate the number of incidents that have occurred and the number of species that are affected. Although rodenticides are used worldwide, incident records were found from only 15 countries. Therefore, awareness of the breadth of species diversity of non-raptor bird poisonings from rodenticides may increase incident reportings and can strengthen the predictions of harm characterized by risk assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.004","usgsCitation":"Vyas, N.B., 2017, Rodenticide incidents of exposure and adverse effects on non-raptor birds: Science of the Total Environment, v. 609, p. 68-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"76","ipdsId":"IP-081672","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"609","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa52e4b0ec1a488b8bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vyas, Nimish B. 0000-0003-0191-1319 nvyas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-1319","contributorId":4494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vyas","given":"Nimish","email":"nvyas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189772,"text":"70189772 - 2017 - Topographic, edaphic, and vegetative controls on plant-available water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-12T12:46:04","indexId":"70189772","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Topographic, edaphic, and vegetative controls on plant-available water","docAbstract":"Soil moisture varies within landscapes in response to vegetative, physiographic, and climatic drivers, which makes quantifying soil moisture over time and space difficult. Nevertheless, understanding soil moisture dynamics for different ecosystems is critical, as the amount of water in a soil determines a myriad ecosystem services and processes such as net primary productivity, runoff, microbial decomposition, and soil fertility. We investigated the patterns and variability in in situ soil moisture measurements converted to plant-available water across time and space under different vegetative cover types and topographic positions at the Marcell Experimental Forest (Minnesota, USA). From 0 – 228.6 cm soil depth, plant-available water was significantly higher under the hardwoods (12%), followed by the aspen (8%) and red pine (5%) cover types. Across the same soil depth, toeslopes were wetter (mean plant-available water = 10%) than ridges and backslopes (mean plant-available water was 8%), although these differences were not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Using a mixed model of fixed and random effects, we found that cover type, soil texture, and time were related to plant-available water and that topography was not significantly related to plant-available water within this low-relief landscape. Additionally, during the three-year monitoring period, red pine and quaking aspen sites experienced plant-available water levels that may be considered limiting to plant growth and function. Given that increasing temperatures and more erratic precipitation patterns associated with climate change may result in decreased soil moisture in this region, these species may be sensitive and vulnerable to future shifts in climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.1897","usgsCitation":"Dymond, S.F., Bradford, J.B., Bolstad, P.V., Kolka, R.K., Sebestyen, S.D., and DeSutter, T.S., 2017, Topographic, edaphic, and vegetative controls on plant-available water: Ecohydrology, v. 10, no. 8, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1897.","productDescription":"e1897; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-078723","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa53e4b0ec1a488b8bf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dymond, Salli F.","contributorId":195124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dymond","given":"Salli","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolstad, Paul V.","contributorId":195125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolstad","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolka, Randall K.","contributorId":16150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolka","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":195126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeSutter, Thomas S.","contributorId":195127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSutter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}