Stiffness measurements are often necessary for geotechnical characterization of an underwater site. Seismically, these measurements can be made through the dispersion analysis of the Rayleigh-type surface waves. Successful terrestrial application of this method has been reported by many investigators using spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) and more recently using multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). The MASW method was originally developed as a land survey method to investigate the near-surface materials for their elastic properties: for example, the shear-wave velocity (VS), by recording and analyzing Rayleigh-type surface waves using a vertical (impulsive) seismic source and receivers. The acquired data are first analyzed for dispersion characteristics and, from these the shear-wave velocity is estimated using an inversion technique.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1993267","usgsCitation":"Park, C.B., Miller, R.D., Xia, J., Ivanov, J.M., Sonnichsen, G.V., Hunter, J., Good, R.L., Burns, R.A., and Christian, H., 2005, Underwater MASW to evaluate stiffness of water-bottom sediments: Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), v. 24, no. 7, p. 724-728, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1993267.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"724","endPage":"728","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc63e4b08c986b328bd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, Choon B.","contributorId":90065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Choon","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Richard D.","contributorId":56406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, Jianghai","contributorId":14593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"Jianghai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivanov, Julian M.","contributorId":80844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"Julian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sonnichsen, G. V.","contributorId":6335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sonnichsen","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hunter, James A","contributorId":175497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"James A","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Good, R. L.","contributorId":70561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Good","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burns, R. A.","contributorId":27640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Christian, H.","contributorId":92554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christian","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029279,"text":"70029279 - 2005 - Seismic joint analysis for non-destructive testing of asphalt and concrete slabs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029279","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Seismic joint analysis for non-destructive testing of asphalt and concrete slabs","docAbstract":"A seismic approach is used to estimate the thickness and elastic stiffness constants of asphalt or concrete slabs. The overall concept of the approach utilizes the robustness of the multichannel seismic method. A multichannel-equivalent data set is compiled from multiple time series recorded from multiple hammer impacts at progressively different offsets from a fixed receiver. This multichannel simulation with one receiver (MSOR) replaces the true multichannel recording in a cost-effective and convenient manner. A recorded data set is first processed to evaluate the shear wave velocity through a wave field transformation, normally used in the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method, followed by a Lambwave inversion. Then, the same data set is used to evaluate compression wave velocity from a combined processing of the first-arrival picking and a linear regression. Finally, the amplitude spectra of the time series are used to evaluate the thickness by following the concepts utilized in the Impact Echo (IE) method. Due to the powerful signal extraction capabilities ensured by the multichannel processing schemes used, the entire procedure for all three evaluations can be fully automated and results can be obtained directly in the field. A field data set is used to demonstrate the proposed approach.","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"Geo-Frontiers 2005","conferenceDate":"24 January 2005 through 26 January 2005","conferenceLocation":"Austin, TX","language":"English","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Ryden, N., and Park, C., 2005, Seismic joint analysis for non-destructive testing of asphalt and concrete slabs, in Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 130-142, Austin, TX, 24 January 2005 through 26 January 2005, p. 991-1000.","startPage":"991","endPage":"1000","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"130-142","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b29e4b08c986b31763a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryden, N.","contributorId":23318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryden","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Park, C.B.","contributorId":21714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029339,"text":"70029339 - 2005 - Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029339","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities","docAbstract":"Observations of surface deformation allow us to determine the kinematics of faults in the San Francisco Bay Area. We present the Bay Area velocity unification (BA??VU??, \"bay view\"), a compilation of over 200 horizontal surface velocities computed from campaign-style and continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1993 to 2003. We interpret this interseismic velocity field using a three-dimensional block model to determine the relative contributions of block motion, elastic strain accumulation, and shallow aseismic creep. The total relative motion between the Pacific plate and the rigid Sierra Nevada/Great Valley (SNGV) microplate is 37.9 ?? 0.6 mm yr-1 directed toward N30.4??W ?? 0.8?? at San Francisco (??2??). Fault slip rates from our preferred model are typically within the error bounds of geologic estimates but provide a better fit to geodetic data (notable right-lateral slip rates in mm yr-1: San Gregorio fault, 2.4 ?? 1.0; West Napa fault, 4.0 ?? 3.0; zone of faulting along the eastern margin of the Coast Range, 5.4 ?? 1.0; and Mount Diablo thrust, 3.9 ?? 1.0 of reverse slip and 4.0 ?? 0.2 of right-lateral strike slip). Slip on the northern Calaveras is partitioned between both the West Napa and Concord/ Green Valley fault systems. The total convergence across the Bay Area is negligible. Poles of rotation for Bay Area blocks progress systematically from the North America-Pacific to North America-SNGV poles. The resulting present-day relative motion cannot explain the strike of most Bay Area faults, but fault strike does loosely correlate with inferred plate motions at the time each fault initiated. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2004JB003496","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"d'Alessio, M., Johanson, I., Burgmann, R., Schmidt, D., and Murray, M., 2005, Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 6, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003496.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477941,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jb003496","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003496"},{"id":237518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9138e4b08c986b3197ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"d'Alessio, M. A.","contributorId":43159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d'Alessio","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johanson, I.A.","contributorId":36735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"I.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burgmann, R.","contributorId":10167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, D.A.","contributorId":75749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, M.H.","contributorId":50171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029278,"text":"70029278 - 2005 - Leaf fluctuating asymmetry, soil disturbance and plant stress: A multiple year comparison using two herbs, Ipomoea pandurata and Cnidoscolus stimulosus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T16:48:39","indexId":"70029278","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Leaf fluctuating asymmetry, soil disturbance and plant stress: A multiple year comparison using two herbs, Ipomoea pandurata and Cnidoscolus stimulosus","docAbstract":"We studied Cnidoscolus stimulosus and Ipomoea pandurata, two common herbs of the Fall Line Sandhills to assess their potential as ecosystem level stress indicators. We focused on plants because they are among the most persistent organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. We used developmental instability as an indicator of plant population stress. Developmental instability is usually measured as deviations from symmetry, in traits that normally develop symmetrically. Thus, symmetry represents an idealized a priori phenotype. Stress presumably causes perturbations during development that may exceed the capacity of the organism to buffer or correct, resulting in developmental instability, and hence deviations from this ideal. Soil disturbance imposed by different land use patterns at Fort Benning, Georgia provided a gradient of soil disturbance. In 2000-2002 we collected plants from nine different sites representing three levels of disturbance. In addition, in 2002 we collected microhabitat data in 1 m quadrats surrounding each plant whose developmental stability we also assessed. The developmental instability of both species was influenced by land use patterns, whether or not the sites had been previously burned, and microhabitat variables. Developmental instability increased with soil disturbance, burning in the prior year, and as the percentage of bare ground increased around the target individual. To some extent, favorable microhabitat conditions reduced developmental instability in sites with medium and high soil disturbance, whereas unfavorable conditions at low soil disturbance sites increased developmental instability. As an indicator of community level stress, developmental instability is best used in conjunction with other indices of environmental quality. ?? Published by Elsevier Ltd.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2004.05.002","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Freeman, D., Brown, M.L., Duda, J., Graraham, J., Emlen, J., Krzysik, A., Balbach, H., Kovacic, D., and Zak, J., 2005, Leaf fluctuating asymmetry, soil disturbance and plant stress: A multiple year comparison using two herbs, Ipomoea pandurata and Cnidoscolus stimulosus: Ecological Indicators, v. 5, no. 2, p. 85-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2004.05.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210696,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2004.05.002"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45ebe4b0c8380cd67524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, D.C.","contributorId":21309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, M. L.","contributorId":96063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graraham, J.H.","contributorId":70989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graraham","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emlen, J.M.","contributorId":63979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krzysik, A.J.","contributorId":63188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krzysik","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balbach, H.","contributorId":42778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balbach","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kovacic, D.A.","contributorId":102207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovacic","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zak, J.C.","contributorId":82097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029007,"text":"70029007 - 2005 - Problems with sampling desert tortoises: A simulation analysis based on field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T16:55:29","indexId":"70029007","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Problems with sampling desert tortoises: A simulation analysis based on field data","docAbstract":"The desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) was listed as a U.S. threatened species in 1990 based largely on population declines inferred from mark-recapture surveys of 2.59-km2 (1-mi2) plots. Since then, several census methods have been proposed and tested, but all methods still pose logistical or statistical difficulties. We conducted computer simulations using actual tortoise location data from 2 1-mi2 plot surveys in southern California, USA, to identify strengths and weaknesses of current sampling strategies. We considered tortoise population estimates based on these plots as \"truth\" and then tested various sampling methods based on sampling smaller plots or transect lines passing through the mile squares. Data were analyzed using Schnabel's mark-recapture estimate and program CAPTURE. Experimental subsampling with replacement of the 1-mi2 data using 1-km2 and 0.25-km2 plot boundaries produced data sets of smaller plot sizes, which we compared to estimates from the 1-mi 2 plots. We also tested distance sampling by saturating a 1-mi 2 site with computer simulated transect lines, once again evaluating bias in density estimates. Subsampling estimates from 1-km2 plots did not differ significantly from the estimates derived at 1-mi2. The 0.25-km2 subsamples significantly overestimated population sizes, chiefly because too few recaptures were made. Distance sampling simulations were biased 80% of the time and had high coefficient of variation to density ratios. Furthermore, a prospective power analysis suggested limited ability to detect population declines as high as 50%. We concluded that poor performance and bias of both sampling procedures was driven by insufficient sample size, suggesting that all efforts must be directed to increasing numbers found in order to produce reliable results. Our results suggest that present methods may not be capable of accurately estimating desert tortoise populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069<0045:PWSDTA>2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Freilich, J., Camp, R., Duda, J., and Karl, A., 2005, Problems with sampling desert tortoises: A simulation analysis based on field data: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 1, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069<0045:PWSDTA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209967,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069<0045:PWSDTA>2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Joshua Tree National Park, Ward Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.49078369140625,\n 34.08678665571845\n ],\n [\n -115.55419921875,\n 34.091335914867344\n ],\n [\n -115.367431640625,\n 33.82251188219802\n ],\n [\n -115.56243896484374,\n 33.70377775573253\n ],\n [\n -116.02935791015624,\n 33.69920777465873\n ],\n [\n -116.57867431640624,\n 33.99347299511967\n ],\n [\n -116.57867431640624,\n 34.04583232505719\n ],\n [\n -116.49078369140625,\n 34.08678665571845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.0103759765625,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -115.14221191406249,\n 34.29353023058858\n ],\n [\n -115.01586914062499,\n 33.98436372829188\n ],\n [\n -114.7906494140625,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -114.42260742187499,\n 34.16636338473789\n ],\n [\n -114.64233398437499,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -114.949951171875,\n 34.551811369170494\n ],\n [\n -115.0103759765625,\n 34.542762387234845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ce8e4b0c8380cd7e95d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freilich, J.E.","contributorId":54367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freilich","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camp, R.J.","contributorId":89097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karl, A.E.","contributorId":61627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029360,"text":"70029360 - 2005 - Geographic variation in survival and migratory tendency among North American Common Mergansers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T21:44:28.697402","indexId":"70029360","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in survival and migratory tendency among North American Common Mergansers","docAbstract":"Movement ecology and demographic parameters for the Common Merganser (Mergus merganser americanus) in North America are poorly known. We used band-recovery data from five locations across North America spanning the years 1938–1998 to examine migratory patterns and estimate survival rates. We examined competing time-invariant, age-graduated models with program MARK to study sources of variation in survival and reporting probability. We considered age, sex, geographic location, and the use of nasal saddles on hatching year birds at one location as possible sources of variation. Year-of-banding was included as a covariate in a post-hoc analysis. We found that migratory tendency, defined as the average distance between banding and recovery locations, varied geographically. Similarly, all models accounting for the majority of variation in recovery and survival probabilities included location of banding. Models that included age and sex received less support, but we lacked sufficient data to adequately assess these parameters. Model-averaged estimates of annual survival ranged from 0.21 in Michigan to 0.82 in Oklahoma. Heterogeneity in migration tendency and survival suggests that demographic patterns may vary across geographic scales, with implications for the population dynamics of this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1648/0273-8570-76.2.109","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., Reed, J.A., and Flint, P.L., 2005, Geographic variation in survival and migratory tendency among North American Common Mergansers: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 76, no. 2, p. 109-118, https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570-76.2.109.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"118","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a178be4b0c8380cd55539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, John A. 0000-0002-3239-6906 jareed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-6906","contributorId":127683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John","email":"jareed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029277,"text":"70029277 - 2005 - Field determination of optimal dates for the discrimination of invasive wetland plant species using derivative spectral analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-15T14:27:28.750937","indexId":"70029277","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field determination of optimal dates for the discrimination of invasive wetland plant species using derivative spectral analysis","docAbstract":"Mapping invasive plant species in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems helps to understand the causes of their progression, manage some of their negative consequences, and control them. In recent years, a variety of new remote-sensing techniques, like Derivative Spectral Analysis (DSA) of hyperspectral data, have been developed to facilitate this mapping. A number of questions related to these techniques remain to be addressed. This article attempts to answer one of these questions: Is the application of DSA optimal at certain times of the year? Field radiometric data gathered weekly during the summer of 1999 at selected field sites in upstate New York, populated with purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.), common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.)) and cattail (Typha L.) are analyzed using DSA to differentiate among plant community types. First, second and higher-order derivatives of the reflectance spectra of nine field plots, varying in plant composition, are calculated and analyzed in detail to identify spectral ranges in which one or more community types have distinguishing features. On the basis of the occurrence and extent of these spectral ranges, experimental observations suggest that a satisfactory differentiation among community types was feasible on 30 August, when plants experienced characteristic phenological changes (transition from flowers to seed heads). Generally, dates in August appear optimal from the point of view of species differentiability and could be selected for image acquisitions. This observation, as well as the methodology adopted in this article, should provide a firm basis for the acquisition of hyperspectral imagery and for mapping the targeted species over a broad range of spatial scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","doi":"10.14358/PERS.71.5.603","usgsCitation":"Laba, M., Tsai, F., Ogurcak, D., Smith, S., and Richmond, M.E., 2005, Field determination of optimal dates for the discrimination of invasive wetland plant species using derivative spectral analysis: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 71, no. 5, p. 603-611, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.71.5.603.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"611","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477970,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.71.5.603","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fafe4b0c8380cd539a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laba, M.","contributorId":55633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laba","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsai, F.","contributorId":107086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogurcak, Danielle","contributorId":21815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogurcak","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, S.","contributorId":20698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richmond, M. E.","contributorId":22729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029270,"text":"70029270 - 2005 - Acquisition and evaluation of thermodynamic data for bieberite-moorhouseite equilibria at 0.1 MPa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029270","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acquisition and evaluation of thermodynamic data for bieberite-moorhouseite equilibria at 0.1 MPa","docAbstract":"Published estimates for the equilibrium relative humidity (RH) at 25 deg;C for the reaction: bieberite (CoSO4??7H2O) = moorhouseite (CoSO4??6H2O) + H2O, range from 69.8 to 74.5%. To evaluate these data, the humidity-buffer technique was used to determine equilibrium constants for this reaction between 14 and 43 ??C at 0.1 MPa. Reversals along five humidity-buffer curves yield In K = 18.03-6509.43/T, where K is the equilibrium constant, and T is temperature in K. The derived standard Gibbs free energy of reaction is 9.43 kJ/mol, which agrees well with several previously reported values based on vapor-pressure measurements. It also agrees well with values calculated from the data derived mostly from calorimetric measurements. Previous studies indicated that the temperature of the invariant point for the assemblage bieberite-moorhouseite-aqueous solution-vapor is near 44.7 ??C, and our extrapolated data predict 91.1% RH at this temperature; the predicted position for the invariant point is in excellent agreement with those reported previously.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2138/am.2005.1695","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Chou, I., and Seal, R., 2005, Acquisition and evaluation of thermodynamic data for bieberite-moorhouseite equilibria at 0.1 MPa: American Mineralogist, v. 90, no. 5-6, p. 912-917, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1695.","startPage":"912","endPage":"917","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210615,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1695"},{"id":237589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6a3e4b0c8380cd47554","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, R.R. II","contributorId":102097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"R.R.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029269,"text":"70029269 - 2005 - Influence of sediment storage on downstream delivery of contaminated sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T11:16:07","indexId":"70029269","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of sediment storage on downstream delivery of contaminated sediment","docAbstract":"Sediment storage in alluvial valleys can strongly modulate the downstream migration of sediment and associated contaminants through landscapes. Traditional methods for routing contaminated sediment through valleys focus on in‐channel sediment transport but ignore the influence of sediment exchanges with temporary sediment storage reservoirs outside the channel, such as floodplains. In theory, probabilistic analysis of particle trajectories through valleys offers a useful strategy for quantifying the influence of sediment storage on the downstream movement of contaminated sediment. This paper describes a field application and test of this theory, using 137Cs as a sediment tracer over 45 years (1952–1997), downstream of a historical effluent outfall at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), New Mexico. The theory is parameterized using a sediment budget based on field data and an estimate of the 137Cs release history at the upstream boundary. The uncalibrated model reasonably replicates the approximate magnitude and spatial distribution of channel‐ and floodplain‐stored 137Cs measured in an independent field study. Model runs quantify the role of sediment storage in the long‐term migration of a pulse of contaminated sediment, quantify the downstream impact of upstream mitigation, and mathematically decompose the future 137Cs flux near the LANL property boundary to evaluate the relative contributions of various upstream contaminant sources. The fate of many sediment‐bound contaminants is determined by the relative timescales of contaminant degradation and particle residence time in different types of sedimentary environments. The theory provides a viable approach for quantifying the long‐term movement of contaminated sediment through valleys.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003288","usgsCitation":"Malmon, D.V., Reneau, S.L., Dunne, T., Katzman, D., and Drakos, P., 2005, Influence of sediment storage on downstream delivery of contaminated sediment: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 5, Article W05008; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003288.","productDescription":"Article W05008; 17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477951,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004wr003288","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b7ae4b0c8380cd6257a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malmon, Daniel V.","contributorId":89998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reneau, Steven L.","contributorId":99639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reneau","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunne, Thomas","contributorId":146518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunne","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Katzman, Danny","contributorId":102268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katzman","given":"Danny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drakos, Paul G.","contributorId":8667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drakos","given":"Paul G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029192,"text":"70029192 - 2005 - Orientation of three-component geophones in the San Andreas Fault observatory at depth Pilot Hole, Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029192","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Orientation of three-component geophones in the San Andreas Fault observatory at depth Pilot Hole, Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"To identify and constrain the target zone for the planned SAFOD Main Hole through the San Andreas Fault (SAF) near Parkfield, California, a 32-level three-component (3C) geophone string was installed in the Pilot Hole (PH) to monitor and improve the locations of nearby earthquakes. The orientation of the 3C geophones is essential for this purpose, because ray directions from sources may be determined directly from the 3D particle motion for both P and S waves. Due to the complex local velocity structure, rays traced from explosions and earthquakes to the PH show strong ray bending. Observed azimuths are obtained from P-wave polarization analysis, and ray tracing provides theoretical estimates of the incoming wave field. The differences between the theoretical and the observed angles define the calibration azimuths. To investigate the process of orientation with respect to the assumed velocity model, we compare calibration azimuths derived from both a homogeneous and 3D velocity model. Uncertainties in the relative orientation between the geophone levels were also estimated for a cluster of 36 earthquakes that was not used in the orientation process. The comparison between the homogeneous and the 3D velocity model shows that there are only minor changes in these relative orientations. In contrast, the absolute orientations, with respect to global North, were significantly improved by application of the 3D model. The average data residual decreased from 13?? to 7??, supporting the importance of an accurate velocity model. We explain the remaining residuals by methodological uncertainties and noise and with errors in the velocity model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040130","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Oye, V., and Ellsworth, W., 2005, Orientation of three-component geophones in the San Andreas Fault observatory at depth Pilot Hole, Parkfield, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 2, p. 751-758, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040130.","startPage":"751","endPage":"758","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210526,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040130"},{"id":237469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7093e4b0c8380cd760e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oye, V.","contributorId":90100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oye","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029129,"text":"70029129 - 2005 - Observations of plan-view sand ripple behavior and spectral wave climate on the inner shelf of San Pedro Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029129","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations of plan-view sand ripple behavior and spectral wave climate on the inner shelf of San Pedro Bay, California","docAbstract":"Concurrent video images of sand ripples and current meter measurements of directional wave spectra are analyzed to study the relations between waves and wave-generated sand ripples. The data were collected on the inner shelf off Huntington Beach, California, at 15 m water depth, where the sea floor is comprised of well-sorted very fine sands (D50=92 ??m), during the winter of 2002. The wave climate, which was controlled by southerly swells (12-18 s period) and westerly wind waves (5-10 s period), included three wave types: (A) uni-modal, swells only; (B) bi-modal, swells dominant; and (C) bi-modal, wind-wave dominant. Each wave type has distinct relations with the plan-view shapes of ripples that are classified into five types: (1) sharp-crested, two-dimensional (2-D) ripples; (2) sharp-crested, brick-pattern, 3-D ripples; (3) bifurcated, 3-D ripples; (4) round-crested, shallow, 3-D ripples; and (5) flat bed. The ripple spacing is very small and varies between 4.5 and 7.5 cm. These ripples are anorbital as ripples in many field studies. Ripple orientation is only correlated with wave directions during strong storms (wave type C). In a poly-modal, multi-directional spectral wave environment, the use of the peak parameters (frequency, direction), a common practice when spectral wave measurements are unavailable, may lead to significant errors in boundary layer and sediment transport calculations. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Continental Shelf Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.004","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Xu, J.P., 2005, Observations of plan-view sand ripple behavior and spectral wave climate on the inner shelf of San Pedro Bay, California: Continental Shelf Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 373-396, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.004.","startPage":"373","endPage":"396","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.004"},{"id":237653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a9ae4b0c8380cd74282","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029194,"text":"70029194 - 2005 - Possible pingos and a periglacial landscape in northwest Utopia Planitia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029194","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible pingos and a periglacial landscape in northwest Utopia Planitia","docAbstract":"Hydrostatic (closed-system) pingos are small, elongate to circular, ice-cored mounds that are perennial features of some periglacial landscapes. The growth and development of hydrostatic pingos is contingent upon the presence of surface water, freezing processes and of deep, continuous, ice-cemented permafrost. Other cold-climate landforms such as small-sized, polygonal patterned ground also may occur in the areas where pingos are found. On Mars, landscapes comprising small, elongate to circular mounds and other possible periglacial features have been identified in various areas, including Utopia Planitia, where water is thought to have played an important role in landscape evolution. Despite the importance of the martian mounds as possible markers of water, most accounts of them in the planetary science literature have been brief and/or based upon Viking imagery. We use a high-resolution Mars Orbiter Camera image (EO300299) and superposed Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data tracks to describe and characterise a crater-floor landscape in northwest Utopia Planitia (64.8?? N/292.7?? W). The landscape comprises an assemblage of landforms that is consistent with the past presence of water and of periglacial processes. This geomorphological assemblage may have formed as recently as the last episode of high obliquity. A similar assemblage of landforms is found in the Tuktoyaktuk peninsula of northern Canada and other terrestrial cold-climate landscapes. We point to the similarity of the two assemblages and suggest that the small, roughly circular mounds on the floor of the impact crater in northwest Utopia Planitia are hydrostatic pingos. Like the hydrostatic pingos of the Tuktoyaktuk peninsula, the origin of the crater-floor mounds could be tied to the loss of ponded, local water, permafrost aggradation and the evolution of a sub-surface ice core. ?? 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2004.11.013","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Soare, R., Burr, D., and Wan, B.T., 2005, Possible pingos and a periglacial landscape in northwest Utopia Planitia: Icarus, v. 174, no. 2 SPEC. ISS., p. 373-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.11.013.","startPage":"373","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210551,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.11.013"},{"id":237508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"174","issue":"2 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e34e4b0c8380cd7a3cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soare, R.J.","contributorId":88141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soare","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burr, D.M.","contributorId":60420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wan, Bun Tseung J.-M.","contributorId":78143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Bun","email":"","middleInitial":"Tseung J.-M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029124,"text":"70029124 - 2005 - An alternative approach to characterize nonlinear site effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T12:10:40","indexId":"70029124","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An alternative approach to characterize nonlinear site effects","docAbstract":"This paper examines the rationale of a method of nonstationary processing and analysis, referred to as the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), for its application to a recording-based approach in quantifying influences of soil nonlinearity in site response. In particular, this paper first summarizes symptoms of soil nonlinearity shown in earthquake recordings, reviews the Fourier-based approach to characterizing nonlinearity, and offers justifications for the HHT in addressing nonlinearity issues. This study then uses the HHT method to analyze synthetic data and recordings from the 1964 Niigata and 2001 Nisqually earthquakes. In doing so, the HHT-based site response is defined as the ratio of marginal Hilbert amplitude spectra, alternative to the Fourier-based response that is the ratio of Fourier amplitude spectra. With the Fourier-based approach in studies of site response as a reference, this study shows that the alternative HHT-based approach is effective in characterizing soil nonlinearity and nonlinear site response.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Berkeley","doi":"10.1193/1.1853390","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Zhang, R., Hartzell, S., Liang, J., and Hu, Y., 2005, An alternative approach to characterize nonlinear site effects: Earthquake Spectra, v. 21, no. 1, p. 243-274, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1853390.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210607,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1853390"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9ebe4b0c8380cd4851b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, R.R.","contributorId":18942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liang, J.","contributorId":80069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hu, Y.","contributorId":68474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194224,"text":"70194224 - 2005 - Modeling of site occupancy dynamics for northern spotted owls, with emphasis on the effects of barred owls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T13:10:27","indexId":"70194224","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of site occupancy dynamics for northern spotted owls, with emphasis on the effects of barred owls","docAbstract":"Northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) have been studied intensively since their listing as a threatened species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1990. Studies of spotted owl site occupancy have used various binary response measures, but most of these studies have made the assumption that detectability is perfect, or at least high and not variable. Further, previous studies did not consider temporal variation in site occupancy. We used relatively new methods for open population modeling of site occupancy that incorporated imperfect and variable detectability of spotted owls and allowed modeling of temporal variation in site occupancy, extinction, and colonization probabilities. We also examined the effects of barred owl (S. varia) presence on these parameters. We used spotted owl survey data from 1990 to 2002 for 3 study areas in Oregon, USA, and we used program MARK to develop and analyze site occupancy models. We found per visit detection probabilities averaged <0.70 and were highly variable among study years and study areas. Site occupancy probabilities for owl pairs declined greatly on 1 study area and slightly on the other 2 areas. For all owls, including singles and pairs, site occupancy was mostly stable through time. Barred owl presence had a negative effect on spotted owl detection probabilities, and it had either a positive effect on local-extinction probabilities or a negative effect on colonization probabilities. We conclude that further analyses of spotted owls must account for imperfect and variable detectability and barred owl presence to properly interpret results. Further, because barred owl presence is increasing within the range of northern spotted owls, we expect to see further declines in the proportion of sites occupied by spotted owls.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0918:MOSODF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Olson, G.S., Anthony, R., Forsman, E.D., Ackers, S.H., Loschl, P.J., Reid, J.A., Dugger, K.M., Glenn, E., and Ripple, W.J., 2005, Modeling of site occupancy dynamics for northern spotted owls, with emphasis on the effects of barred owls: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 3, p. 918-932, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0918:MOSODF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"918","endPage":"932","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349093,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a611696e4b06e28e9c258eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Gail S.","contributorId":19884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anthony, Robert G.","contributorId":61324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, Eric D.","contributorId":96792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forsman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ackers, Steven H.","contributorId":36065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackers","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loschl, Peter J.","contributorId":7195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loschl","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reid, Janice A.","contributorId":98034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Glenn, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":96568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Elizabeth M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ripple, William J.","contributorId":24271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ripple","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029143,"text":"70029143 - 2005 - Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-02T11:28:17","indexId":"70029143","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001","docAbstract":"The February 2001 eruption of Cleveland Volcano, Alaska allowed for comparisons of volcanic ash detection using two‐band thermal infrared (10–12 μm) remote sensing from MODIS, AVHRR, and GOES 10. Results show that high latitude GOES volcanic cloud sensing the range of about 50 to 65°N is significantly enhanced. For the Cleveland volcanic clouds the MODIS and AVHRR data have zenith angles 6–65 degrees and the GOES has zenith angles that are around 70 degrees. The enhancements are explained by distortion in the satellite view of the cloud's lateral extent because the satellite zenith angles result in a “side‐looking” aspect and longer path lengths through the volcanic cloud. The shape of the cloud with respect to the GOES look angle also influences the results. The MODIS and AVHRR data give consistent retrievals of the ash cloud evolution over time and are good corrections for the GOES data.
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Fred","contributorId":93867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landau","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, S.D.","contributorId":49749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1016385,"text":"1016385 - 2005 - A hierarchical perspective of plant diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1016385","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3214,"text":"The Quarterly Review of Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical perspective of plant diversity","docAbstract":"Predictive models of plant diversity have typically focused on either a landscapea??s capacity for richness (equilibrium models), or on the processes that regulate competitive exclusion, and thus allow species to coexist (nonequilibrium models). Here, we review the concepts and purposes of a hierarchical, multiscale model of the controls of plant diversity that incorporates the equilibrium model of climatic favorability at macroscales, nonequilibrium models of competition at microscales, and a mixed model emphasizing environmental heterogeneity at mesoscales.\r\n\r\nWe evaluate the conceptual model using published data from three spatially nested datasets: (1) a macroscale analysis of ecoregions in the continental and western U.S.; (2) a mesoscale study in California; and (3) a microscale study in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon and California. At the macroscale (areas from 3889 km2 to 638,300 km2), climate (actual evaporation) was a strong predictor of tree diversity (R2 = 0.80), as predicted by the conceptual model, but area was a better predictor for vascular plant diversity overall (R2 = 0.38), which suggests different types of plants differ in their sensitivity to climatic controls. At mesoscales (areas from 1111 km2 to 15,833 km2 ), climate was still an important predictor of richness (R2 = 0.52), but, as expected, topographic heterogeneity explained an important share of the variance (R2 = 0.19), showed positive correlations with diversity of trees, shrubs, and annual and perennial herbs, and was the primary predictor of shrub and annual plant species richness. At microscales (0.1 ha plots), spatial patterns of diversity showed a clear unimodal pattern along a climatea??driven productivity gradient and a negative relationship with soil fertility. The strong decline in understory and total diversity at the most productive sites suggests that competitive controls, as predicted, can override climatic controls at this scale.\r\n\r\nWe conclude that this hierarchical, multiscale model provides a sound basis to understand and analyze plant species diversity. Specifically, future research should employ the principles in this paper to explore climatic controls on species richness of different life forms, better quantify environmental heterogeneity in landscapes, and analyze how these largea??scale factors interact with local nonequilibrium dynamics to maintain plant diversity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quarterly Review of Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sarr, D., Hibbs, D., and Huston, M., 2005, A hierarchical perspective of plant diversity: The Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 187-212.","productDescription":"p. 187-212","startPage":"187","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sarr, Daniel","contributorId":71148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarr","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hibbs, D.E.","contributorId":12435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hibbs","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huston, M.","contributorId":58612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huston","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016396,"text":"1016396 - 2005 - Assessing mercury exposure and effects to American dippers in headwater streams near mining sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-09T20:27:46.8287","indexId":"1016396","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing mercury exposure and effects to American dippers in headwater streams near mining sites","docAbstract":"To evaluate mercury (Hg) exposure and possible adverse effects of Hg on American dipper (Cinclus mexicanus) reproduction, we collected eggs and nestling feathers and the larval/nymph form of three Orders of aquatic macroinvertebrates (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera = EPT) important in their diet from three major headwater tributaries of the upper Willamette River, Oregon in 2002. The Coast Fork Willamette River is contaminated with Hg due to historical cinnabar (HgS) mining at the Black Butte Mine; the Row River is affected by past gold-mining operations located within the Bohemia Mining District, where Hg was used in the amalgamation process to recover gold; and the Middle Fork Willamette River is the reference area with no known mining. Methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations (geometric mean) in composite EPT larvae (111.9 ng/g dry weight [dw] or 19.8 ng/g wet weight [ww]), dipper eggs (38.5 ng/g ww) and nestling feathers (1158 ng/g ww) collected from the Coast Fork Willamette were significantly higher than MeHg concentrations in EPT and dipper samples from other streams. Total mercury (THg) concentrations in surface sediments along the same Hg-impacted streams were investigated by others in 1999 (Row River tributaries) and 2002 (Coast Fork). The reported sediment THg concentrations paralleled our biological findings. Dipper breeding territories at higher elevations had fewer second clutches; however, dipper reproductive success along all streams (including the lower elevation and most Hg-contaminated Coast Fork), was judged excellent compared to other studies reviewed. Furthermore, MeHg concentrations in EPT samples from this study were well below dietary concentrations in other aquatic bird species, such as loons and ducks, reported to cause Hg-related reproductive problems. Our data suggest that either dipper feathers or EPT composites used to project MeHg concentrations in dipper feathers (with biomagnification factor of 10–20×) may be used, but with caution, to screen headwater streams for potential Hg-related effects on dippers. When actual feather concentrations or projected feather concentrations are equal to or lower than concentrations reported for the Coast Fork, dippers are expected to reproduce well (assuming adequate prey and suitable nest sites). When Hg concentrations are substantially higher, more detailed investigations may be required. Birds feeding almost exclusively on fish (e.g., osprey [Pandion haliaetus]) and usually found further downstream from the headwaters would not be adequately represented by dippers given the higher MeHg concentrations in fish resulting from biomagnification, compared to lower trophic level invertebrates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-005-0023-7","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Kaiser, J.L., Packard, H.A., Grove, R.A., and Taft, M.R., 2005, Assessing mercury exposure and effects to American dippers in headwater streams near mining sites: Ecotoxicology, v. 14, no. 7, p. 709-725, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-005-0023-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"725","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 43.43098253248489\n ],\n [\n -122.12951660156249,\n 43.43098253248489\n ],\n [\n -122.12951660156249,\n 43.967121395851485\n ],\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 43.967121395851485\n ],\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 43.43098253248489\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, James L.","contributorId":57033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Packard, Heidi A.","contributorId":31727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packard","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taft, Mike R.","contributorId":17959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taft","given":"Mike","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029132,"text":"70029132 - 2005 - Magma generation at a large, hyperactive silicic volcano (Taupo, New Zealand) revealed by U-Th and U-Pb systematics in zircons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T10:31:53","indexId":"70029132","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magma generation at a large, hyperactive silicic volcano (Taupo, New Zealand) revealed by U-Th and U-Pb systematics in zircons","docAbstract":"Young (<∼65 ka) explosive silicic volcanism at Taupo volcano, New Zealand, has involved the development and evacuation of several crustal magmatic systems. Up to and including the 26·5 ka 530 km3 Oruanui eruption, magmatic systems were contemporaneous but geographically separated. Subsequently they have been separated in time and have vented from geographically overlapping areas. Single-crystal (secondary ionization mass spectrometry) and multiple-crystal (thermal ionization mass spectrometry) zircon model-age data are presented from nine representative eruption deposits from ∼45 to ∼3·5 ka. Zircon yields vary by three orders of magnitude, correlating with the degrees of zircon saturation in the magmas, and influencing the spectra of model ages. Two adjacent magma systems active up to 26·5 ka show wholly contrasting model-age spectra. The smaller system shows a simple unimodal distribution. The larger system, using data from three eruptions, shows bimodal model-age spectra. An older ∼100 ka peak is interpreted to represent zircons (antecrysts) derived from older silicic mush or plutonic rocks, and a younger peak to represent zircons (phenocrysts) that grew in the magma body immediately prior to eruption. Post-26·5 ka magma batches show contrasting age spectra, consistent with a mixture of antecrysts, phenocrysts and, in two examples, xenocrysts from Quaternary plutonic and Mesozoic–Palaeozoic metasedimentary rocks. The model-age spectra, coupled with zircon-dissolution modelling, highlight contrasts between short-term silicic magma generation at Taupo, by bulk remobilization of crystal mush and assimilation of metasediment and/or silicic plutonic basement rocks, and the longer-term processes of fractionation from crustally contaminated mafic melts. Contrasts between adjacent or successive magma systems are attributed to differences in positions of the source and root zones within contrasting domains in the quartzo-feldspathic (<15 km deep) crust below the volcano.
","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petrology","language":"English","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egh060","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Charlier, B.L., Wilson, C.J., Lowenstern, J.B., Blake, S., van Calsteren, P., and Davidson, J., 2005, Magma generation at a large, hyperactive silicic volcano (Taupo, New Zealand) revealed by U-Th and U-Pb systematics in zircons: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 3-32, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egh060.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egh060"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Taupo volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 175.59173583984375,\n -39.03838632847035\n ],\n [\n 176.24542236328125,\n -39.03838632847035\n ],\n [\n 176.24542236328125,\n -38.62759968861309\n ],\n [\n 175.59173583984375,\n -38.62759968861309\n ],\n [\n 175.59173583984375,\n -39.03838632847035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b31e4b0c8380cd69368","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlier, B. L. A.","contributorId":45090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charlier","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, C. J. N.","contributorId":22096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowenstern, J. B.","contributorId":7737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blake, S.","contributorId":59230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Calsteren, P.W.","contributorId":7068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Calsteren","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davidson, J.P.","contributorId":16123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70194225,"text":"70194225 - 2005 - The relationship between habitat characteristics and demographic performance of northern spotted owls in southern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T13:17:40","indexId":"70194225","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between habitat characteristics and demographic performance of northern spotted owls in southern Oregon","docAbstract":"We used data from Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) territories to model the effects of habitat (particularly intermediate-aged forest stand types), climate, and nonhabitat covariates (i.e., age, sex) on owl reproductive rate and apparent survival in southwestern Oregon. Our best model for reproductive rate included an interaction between a cyclic, annual time trend and male breeding experience, with higher reproductive rates in even years compared to odd, particularly for males with previous breeding experience. Reproductive rate was also negatively related to the amount of winter precipitation and positively related to the proportion of old-growth forest near the owl territory center. Apparent survival was not associated with age, sex, climate or any of the intermediate-aged forest types, but was positively associated with the proportion of older forest near the territory center in a pseudothreshold pattern. The quadratic structure of the proportion of nonhabitat farther from the nest or primary roost site was also part of our best survival model. Survival decreased dramatically when the amount of nonhabitat exceeded ∼50%. Habitat fitness potential estimates (λ̂h) for 97 owl territories ranged from 0.29–1.09, with a mean of 0.86 ± 0.02. Owl territories with habitat fitness potentials <1.0 were generally characterized by <40%–50% old forest habitat near the territory center. Our results indicate that both apparent survival and reproductive rate are positively associated with older forest types close to the nest or primary roost site. We found no support for either a positive or negative direct effect of intermediate-aged forests on either survival or reproductive rate.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/7824.1","usgsCitation":"Dugger, K.M., Wagner, F., Anthony, R., and Olson, G.S., 2005, The relationship between habitat characteristics and demographic performance of northern spotted owls in southern Oregon: The Condor, v. 107, no. 4, p. 863-878, https://doi.org/10.1650/7824.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"863","endPage":"878","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/7824.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a611696e4b06e28e9c258e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Frank","contributorId":68663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Robert G.","contributorId":61324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, Gail S.","contributorId":19884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029123,"text":"70029123 - 2005 - Acute toxicity of six freshwater mussel species (Glochidia) to six chemicals: Implications for daphnids and Utterbackia imbecillis as surrogates for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029123","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute toxicity of six freshwater mussel species (Glochidia) to six chemicals: Implications for daphnids and Utterbackia imbecillis as surrogates for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae)","docAbstract":"Acute (24-h) toxicity tests were used in this study to compare lethality responses in early life stages (glochidia) of six freshwater mussel species, Leptodea fragilis, U. imbecillis, Lampsilis cardium, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Megalonaias nervosa, and Ligumia subrostrata, and two standard test organisms, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna. Concentrations of carbaryl, copper, 4-nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, and 2,4-D were used in acute exposures to represent different chemical classes and modes of action. The relative sensitivities of species were evaluated by ranking their LC 50 values for each chemical. We used these ranks to determine the extent to which U. imbecillis (one of the most commonly used unionids in toxicity tests) was representative of the tolerances of other mussels. We also calculated geometric mean LC50s for the families Unionidae and Daphnidae. Rankings of these data were used to assess the extent to which Daphnidae can be used as surrogates for freshwater mussels relative to chemical sensitivity. While no single chemical elicited consistently high or low toxicity estimates, carbaryl and 2,4-D were generally the least toxic to all species tested. No species was always the most sensitive, and Daphnidae were generally protective of Unionidae. Utterbackia imbecillis, while often proposed as a standard unionid mussel test species, did not always qualify as a sufficient surrogate (i.e., a substitute organism that often elicits similar sensitivity responses to the same contaminant exposure) for other species of mussels, since it was usually one of the more tolerant species in our rankings. U. imbecillis should be used as a surrogate species only with this caution on its relative insensitivity. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00244-003-3125-3","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Milam, C., Farris, J., Dwyer, F., and Hardesty, D., 2005, Acute toxicity of six freshwater mussel species (Glochidia) to six chemicals: Implications for daphnids and Utterbackia imbecillis as surrogates for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 48, no. 2, p. 166-173, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3125-3.","startPage":"166","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210606,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3125-3"},{"id":237580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6dee4b0c8380cd476ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milam, C.D.","contributorId":65197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milam","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, J.L.","contributorId":88849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardesty, D.K.","contributorId":43935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardesty","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029030,"text":"70029030 - 2005 - Subsurface structure and kinematics of the Calaveras-Hayward fault stepover from three-dimensional Vp and seismicity, San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T11:23:56","indexId":"70029030","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface structure and kinematics of the Calaveras-Hayward fault stepover from three-dimensional Vp and seismicity, San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"The Calaveras and Hayward faults are major components of the San Andreas fault system in the San Francisco Bay region. Dextral slip is presumed to transfer from the Calaveras fault to the Hayward fault in the Mission Hills region, an area of uplift in the contractional stepover between the two faults. Here the estimated deep slip rates drop from 15 to 6 mm/yr on the Calaveras fault, and slip begins on the Hayward fault at an estimated 9 mm/yr. A lineament of microseismicity near the Mission fault links the seismicity on the Calaveras and Hayward faults and is presumed to be related directly to this slip transfer. However, geologic and seismologic evidence suggest that the Mission fault may not be the source of the seismicity and that the Mission fault is not playing a major role in the slip transfer.
\nWe perform a joint inversion for hypocenters and the 3D P-wave velocity structure of the stepover region using 477 earthquakes. We find strong velocity contrasts across the Calaveras and Hayward faults, corroborated by geologic, gravity, and aeromagnetic data. Detailed examination of two seismic lineaments in conjunction with the velocity model and independent geologic and geophysical evidence suggests that they represent the southern extension of a northeasterly dipping Hayward fault that splays off the Calaveras fault, directly accounting for the deep slip transfer. The Mission fault appears to be accommodating deformation within the block between the Hayward and Calaveras faults. Thus, the Calaveras and Hayward faults need to be considered as a single system for developing rupture scenarios for seismic hazard assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120020202","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Manaker, D.M., Michael, A.J., and Burgmann, R., 2005, Subsurface structure and kinematics of the Calaveras-Hayward fault stepover from three-dimensional Vp and seismicity, San Francisco Bay region, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 2, p. 446-470, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020202.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"446","endPage":"470","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209652,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120020202"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d8ae4b08c986b31d8e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manaker, David M.","contributorId":93682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manaker","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":95128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031236,"text":"70031236 - 2005 - Forest turnover rates follow global and regional patterns of productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T15:41:55.077789","indexId":"70031236","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest turnover rates follow global and regional patterns of productivity","docAbstract":"Using a global database, we found that forest turnover rates (the average of tree mortality and recruitment rates) parallel broad-scale patterns of net primary productivity. First, forest turnover was higher in tropical than in temperate forests. Second, as recently demonstrated by others, Amazonian forest turnover was higher on fertile than infertile soils. Third, within temperate latitudes, turnover was highest in angiosperm forests, intermediate in mixed forests, and lowest in gymnosperm forests. Finally, within a single forest physiognomic type, turnover declined sharply with elevation (hence with temperature). These patterns of turnover in populations of trees are broadly similar to the patterns of turnover in populations of plant organs (leaves and roots) found in other studies. Our findings suggest a link between forest mass balance and the population dynamics of trees, and have implications for understanding and predicting the effects of environmental changes on forest structure and terrestrial carbon dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00746.x","issn":"1461023X","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N., and van Mantgem, P.J., 2005, Forest turnover rates follow global and regional patterns of productivity: Ecology Letters, v. 8, no. 5, p. 524-531, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00746.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"531","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a133ae4b0c8380cd54589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, N.L.","contributorId":17559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, P. J.","contributorId":73527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029262,"text":"70029262 - 2005 - An empirical model for estimating annual consumption by freshwater fish populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029262","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical model for estimating annual consumption by freshwater fish populations","docAbstract":"Population consumption is an important process linking predator populations to their prey resources. Simple tools are needed to enable fisheries managers to estimate population consumption. We assembled 74 individual estimates of annual consumption by freshwater fish populations and their mean annual population size, 41 of which also included estimates of mean annual biomass. The data set included 14 freshwater fish species from 10 different bodies of water. From this data set we developed two simple linear regression models predicting annual population consumption. Log-transformed population size explained 94% of the variation in log-transformed annual population consumption. Log-transformed biomass explained 98% of the variation in log-transformed annual population consumption. We quantified the accuracy of our regressions and three alternative consumption models as the mean percent difference from observed (bioenergetics-derived) estimates in a test data set. Predictions from our population-size regression matched observed consumption estimates poorly (mean percent difference = 222%). Predictions from our biomass regression matched observed consumption reasonably well (mean percent difference = 24%). The biomass regression was superior to an alternative model, similar in complexity, and comparable to two alternative models that were more complex and difficult to apply. Our biomass regression model, log10(consumption) = 0.5442 + 0.9962??log10(biomass), will be a useful tool for fishery managers, enabling them to make reasonably accurate annual population consumption predictions from mean annual biomass estimates. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M03-213.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Liao, H., Pierce, C., and Larscheid, J.G., 2005, An empirical model for estimating annual consumption by freshwater fish populations: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 2, p. 525-532, https://doi.org/10.1577/M03-213.1.","startPage":"525","endPage":"532","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477840,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/109","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210501,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M03-213.1"},{"id":237439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea37e4b0c8380cd486f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liao, H.","contributorId":42752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larscheid, J. G.","contributorId":11796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larscheid","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016397,"text":"1016397 - 2005 - Distribution patterns of lentic-breeding amphibians in relation to ultraviolet radiation exposure in western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T14:47:06","indexId":"1016397","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution patterns of lentic-breeding amphibians in relation to ultraviolet radiation exposure in western North America","docAbstract":"An increase in ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has been posited to be a potential factor in the decline of some amphibian population. This hypothesis has received support from laboratory and field experiments showing that current levels of UV-B can cause embryo mortality in some species, but little research has addressed whether UV-B is influencing the distribution of amphibian populations. We compared patterns of amphibian presence to site-specific estimates of UV-B dose at 683 ponds and lakes in Glacier, Olympic, and Sequoia–Kings Canyon National Parks. All three parks are located in western North America, a region with a concentration of documented amphibian declines. Site-specific daily UV-B dose was estimated using modeled and field-collected data to incorporate the effects of elevation, landscape, and water-column dissolved organic carbon. Of the eight species we examined (Ambystoma gracile, Ambystoma macrodactylum, Bufo boreas, Pseudacris regilla, Rana cascadae, Rana leuteiventris, Rana muscosa, Taricha granulosa), two species (T. granulosa and A. macrodactylum) had quadratic relationships with UV-B that could have resulted from negative UV-B effects. Both species were most likely to occur at moderate UV-B levels. Ambystoma macrodactylum showed this pattern only in Glacier National Park. Occurrence of A. macrodactylum increased as UV-B increased in Olympic National Park despite UV-B levels similar to those recorded in Glacier. We also found marginal support for a negative association with UV-B for P. regilla in one of the two parks where it occurred. We did not find evidence of a negative UV-B effect for any other species. Much more work is still needed to determine whether UV-B, either alone or in concert with other factors, is causing widespread population losses in amphibians.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/s10021-003-0033-3","usgsCitation":"Adams, M.J., Hossack, B., Knapp, R., Corn, P., Diamond, S.A., Trenham, P., and Fagre, D., 2005, Distribution patterns of lentic-breeding amphibians in relation to ultraviolet radiation exposure in western North America: Ecosystems, v. 8, no. 5, p. 488-500, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-003-0033-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"488","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Montana, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park, Olympic National Park, Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 36.155617833818525\n ],\n [\n -118.27880859375001,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -117.35595703124999,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -117.5537109375,\n 37.17782559332976\n ],\n [\n -118.85009765625,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -119.55322265624999,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 37.03763967977139\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.31030273437499,\n 48.151428143221224\n ],\n [\n -123.12377929687499,\n 48.011975126709956\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 47.71715357016648\n ],\n [\n -123.101806640625,\n 47.27177506640826\n ],\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 47.27177506640826\n ],\n [\n -124.31030273437499,\n 48.151428143221224\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.4500732421875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -113.521728515625,\n 48.98742700601184\n ],\n [\n -113.2965087890625,\n 48.636538782610465\n ],\n [\n -113.02734374999999,\n 48.29781249243716\n ],\n [\n -112.69775390625,\n 48.00094957553023\n ],\n [\n -112.6483154296875,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n -112.35717773437499,\n 47.19344533938295\n ],\n [\n -112.6483154296875,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -113.36242675781249,\n 47.08882558740757\n ],\n [\n -114.0435791015625,\n 47.14489748555398\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 47.99359789867388\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 48.40732607972984\n ],\n [\n -114.89501953124999,\n 48.98742700601184\n ],\n [\n -114.4500732421875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f2eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, M. 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