A foraging group of Clangula hyemalis (Long-tailed Duck) was observed on 10 February 2010 diving behind a commercial boat that was clamming near Monomoy Island, Nantucket Sound, MA. We used a shotgun to collect 9 of the ducks, and our analyses of gizzard and gullet (esophagus and proventriculus) revealed 37 food items in the gizzard and 16 in the gullet. Mollusca were the dominant food in the gizzard (49%), whereas Crustacea were dominant in the gullet (57%). Crustacea were the second most important food in the gizzard (38%), whereas Mollusca were the second most important food in the gullet (31%). Relatively high volumes of the Amphipoda Caprella sp. (skeleton shrimp) and the Decopoda Crangon septemspinosa (Sand Shrimp) were recorded in the gullet and gizzard. Ensis directus (Atlantic Jackknife Clam) formed the greatest volume of Mollusca in the gizzard (15%) and in the gullet (15%). Long-tailed Ducks had fed on this Bivalvia and several other species of Mollusca that had no shell or broken shell when consumed. Many of the food organisms were apparently dislodged and some damaged by the clamming operation creating an opportunistic feeding strategy for the Long-tailed Ducks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.024.0213","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., Osenton, P.C., and White, T.P., 2017, Atypical feeding behavior of Long-tailed Ducks in the wake of a commercial fishing boat while clamming: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 24, no. 2, p. N19-N25, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.024.0213.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"N19","endPage":"N25","ipdsId":"IP-085297","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343923,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Nantucket Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63247680664062,\n 41.23031465959445\n ],\n [\n -69.92111206054686,\n 41.23031465959445\n ],\n [\n -69.92111206054686,\n 41.69957665997156\n ],\n [\n -70.63247680664062,\n 41.69957665997156\n ],\n [\n -70.63247680664062,\n 41.23031465959445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca1e4b0d1f9f062754b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew 0000-0001-6452-9534 mperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":179173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew","email":"mperry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osenton, Peter C.","contributorId":174040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osenton","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Timothy P.","contributorId":194703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189533,"text":"70189533 - 2017 - 2017 One‐year seismic‐hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T17:25:26","indexId":"70189533","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2017 One‐year seismic‐hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes","docAbstract":"We produce a one‐year 2017 seismic‐hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes that updates the 2016 one‐year forecast; this map is intended to provide information to the public and to facilitate the development of induced seismicity forecasting models, methods, and data. The 2017 hazard model applies the same methodology and input logic tree as the 2016 forecast, but with an updated earthquake catalog. We also evaluate the 2016 seismic‐hazard forecast to improve future assessments. The 2016 forecast indicated high seismic hazard (greater than 1% probability of potentially damaging ground shaking in one year) in five focus areas: Oklahoma–Kansas, the Raton basin (Colorado/New Mexico border), north Texas, north Arkansas, and the New Madrid Seismic Zone. During 2016, several damaging induced earthquakes occurred in Oklahoma within the highest hazard region of the 2016 forecast; all of the 21 moment magnitude (M) ≥4 and 3 M≥5 earthquakes occurred within the highest hazard area in the 2016 forecast. Outside the Oklahoma–Kansas focus area, two earthquakes with M≥4 occurred near Trinidad, Colorado (in the Raton basin focus area), but no earthquakes with M≥2.7 were observed in the north Texas or north Arkansas focus areas. Several observations of damaging ground‐shaking levels were also recorded in the highest hazard region of Oklahoma. The 2017 forecasted seismic rates are lower in regions of induced activity due to lower rates of earthquakes in 2016 compared with 2015, which may be related to decreased wastewater injection caused by regulatory actions or by a decrease in unconventional oil and gas production. Nevertheless, the 2017 forecasted hazard is still significantly elevated in Oklahoma compared to the hazard calculated from seismicity before 2009.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220170005","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.D., Mueller, C., Moschetti, M.P., Hoover, S.M., Shumway, A., McNamara, D.E., Williams, R., Llenos, A.L., Ellsworth, W., Rubinstein, J.L., McGarr, A.F., and Rukstales, K.S., 2017, 2017 One‐year seismic‐hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes: Seismological Research Letters, v. 88, no. 3, p. 772-783, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"772","endPage":"783","ipdsId":"IP-083989","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KP80B9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Earthquake catalogs for the 2017 Central and Eastern U.S. short-term seismic hazard model"},{"id":438265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RV0KWR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"2017 One-Year Seismic Hazard Forecast for the Central and Eastern United States from Induced and Natural Earthquakes"},{"id":343937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca1e4b0d1f9f062754e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, Charles 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":140380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoover, Susan M. 0000-0002-8682-6668 shoover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-6668","contributorId":5715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"Susan","email":"shoover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shumway, Allison 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Williams, Robert 0000-0002-2973-8493 rawilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-8493","contributorId":140741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. 0000-0001-8378-4979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8378-4979","contributorId":194691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785 jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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,{"id":70187394,"text":"sir20175038 - 2017 - Application of at-site peak-streamflow frequency analyses for very low annual exceedance probabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-17T07:53:38","indexId":"sir20175038","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5038","title":"Application of at-site peak-streamflow frequency analyses for very low annual exceedance probabilities","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, has investigated statistical methods for probabilistic flood hazard assessment to provide guidance on very low annual exceedance probability (AEP) estimation of peak-streamflow frequency and the quantification of corresponding uncertainties using streamgage-specific data. The term “very low AEP” implies exceptionally rare events defined as those having AEPs less than about 0.001 (or 1 × 10–3 in scientific notation or for brevity 10–3). Such low AEPs are of great interest to those involved with peak-streamflow frequency analyses for critical infrastructure, such as nuclear power plants. Flood frequency analyses at streamgages are most commonly based on annual instantaneous peak streamflow data and a probability distribution fit to these data. The fitted distribution provides a means to extrapolate to very low AEPs. Within the United States, the Pearson type III probability distribution, when fit to the base-10 logarithms of streamflow, is widely used, but other distribution choices exist. The USGS-PeakFQ software, implementing the Pearson type III within the Federal agency guidelines of Bulletin 17B (method of moments) and updates to the expected moments algorithm (EMA), was specially adapted for an “Extended Output” user option to provide estimates at selected AEPs from 10–3 to 10–6. Parameter estimation methods, in addition to product moments and EMA, include L-moments, maximum likelihood, and maximum product of spacings (maximum spacing estimation). This study comprehensively investigates multiple distributions and parameter estimation methods for two USGS streamgages (01400500 Raritan River at Manville, New Jersey, and 01638500 Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Maryland). The results of this study specifically involve the four methods for parameter estimation and up to nine probability distributions, including the generalized extreme value, generalized log-normal, generalized Pareto, and Weibull. Uncertainties in streamflow estimates for corresponding AEP are depicted and quantified as two primary forms: quantile (aleatoric [random sampling] uncertainty) and distribution-choice (epistemic [model] uncertainty). Sampling uncertainties of a given distribution are relatively straightforward to compute from analytical or Monte Carlo-based approaches. Distribution-choice uncertainty stems from choices of potentially applicable probability distributions for which divergence among the choices increases as AEP decreases. Conventional goodness-of-fit statistics, such as Cramér-von Mises, and L-moment ratio diagrams are demonstrated in order to hone distribution choice. The results generally show that distribution choice uncertainty is larger than sampling uncertainty for very low AEP values.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Kiang, J.E., and Cohn, T.A., 2017, Application of at-site peak-streamflow frequency analyses for very low annual exceedance probabilities: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigation Report 2017–5038, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175038.","productDescription":"ix, 93 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079000","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5038/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343748,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5038/sir20175038.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5038"}],"contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, Texas 78754–4501
In 1960, Eugene Shoemaker and a small team of other scientists founded the field of astrogeology to develop tools and methods for astronauts studying the geology of the Moon and other planetary bodies. Subsequently, in 1962, the U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Astrogeology was established in Menlo Park, California. In 1963, the Branch moved to Flagstaff, Arizona, to be closer to the young lava flows of the San Francisco Volcanic Field and Meteor Crater, the best preserved impact crater in the world. These geologic features of northern Arizona were considered good analogs for the Moon and other planetary bodies and valuable for geologic studies and astronaut field training. From its Flagstaff campus, the USGS has supported the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space program with scientific and cartographic expertise for more than 50 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173038","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-084115","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3038/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343927,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3038/fs20173038.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3038"}],"contact":"Astrogeology Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Dr.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHAB) are thought to be increasing globally over the past few decades, but relatively little quantitative information is available about the spatial extent of blooms. Satellite remote sensing provides a potential technology for identifying cyanoHABs in multiple water bodies and across geo-political boundaries. An assessment method was developed using MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) imagery to quantify cyanoHAB surface area extent, transferable to different spatial areas, in Florida, Ohio, and California for the test period of 2008 to 2012. Temporal assessment was used to evaluate changes in satellite resolvable inland waterbodies for each state of interest. To further assess cyanoHAB risk within the states, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recreational guidance level thresholds were used to categorize surface area of cyanoHABs into three risk categories: low, moderate, and high-risk bloom area. Results showed that in Florida, the area of cyanoHABs increased largely due to observed increases in high-risk bloom area. California exhibited a slight decrease in cyanoHAB extent, primarily attributed to decreases in Northern California. In Ohio (excluding Lake Erie), little change in cyanoHAB surface area was observed. This study uses satellite remote sensing to quantify changes in inland cyanoHAB surface area across numerous water bodies within an entire state. The temporal assessment method developed here will be relevant into the future as it is transferable to the Ocean Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) on Sentinel-3A/3B missions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2017.06.001","usgsCitation":"Urquhart, E.A., Schaeffer, B.A., Stumpf, R.P., Loftin, K.A., and Werdell, P.J., 2017, A method for examining temporal changes in cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom spatial extent using satellite remote sensing: Harmful Algae, v. 67, p. 144-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2017.06.001.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-087775","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2017.06.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Florida, Ohio","volume":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb81e4b06e28e9c23148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Urquhart, Erin A.","contributorId":201327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urquhart","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaeffer, Blake A.","contributorId":201328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stumpf, Richard P.","contributorId":201329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stumpf","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Werdell, P. Jeremy","contributorId":201330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werdell","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeremy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189541,"text":"70189541 - 2017 - Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon ESU, 1/1/2016 - 12/31/2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-16T10:08:23","indexId":"70189541","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon ESU, 1/1/2016 - 12/31/2016","docAbstract":"The portion of the Snake River fall Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ESU that spawns upstream of Lower Granite Dam transitioned from low to high abundance during 1992–2016 in association with U.S. Endangered Species Act recovery efforts and other federally mandated actions. This annual report focuses on (1) numeric and habitat use responses by natural- and hatchery-origin spawners, (2) phenotypic and numeric responses by natural-origin juveniles, and (3) predator responses in the Snake River upper and lower reaches as abundance of adult and juvenile fall Chinook Salmon increased. Spawners have located and used most of the available spawning habitat and that habitat is gradually approaching redd capacity. Timing of spawning and fry emergence has been relatively stable; whereas the timing of parr dispersal from riverine rearing habitat into Lower Granite Reservoir has become earlier as apparent abundance of juveniles has increased. Growth rate (g/d) and dispersal size of parr also declined as apparent abundance of juveniles increased. Passage timing of smolts from the two Snake River reaches has become earlier and downstream movement rate faster as estimated abundance of fall Chinook Salmon smolts in Lower Granite Reservoir has increased. In 2016, we described estimated the consumption rate and loss of subyearlings by Smallmouth Bass before, during, and after four hatchery releases. Before releases, Smallmouth Bass consumption rates of subyearling was low (0–0.36 fish/bass/d), but the day after the releases consumption rates reached as high as 1.6 fish/bass/d. Bass consumption in the upper portion of Hells Canyon was high for about 1–2 d before returning to pre-release levels, but in the lower river consumption rates were reduced but took longer to return to pre-release levels. We estimated that most of the subyearlings consumed by bass were of hatchery origin. Smallmouth Bass predation on subyearlings is intense following a hatchery release, but the predation pressure is relatively short-lived as subyearlings quickly disperse downstream. This information will allow us to better estimate subyearling loss to predation from our past efforts at time intervals less than 2 weeks. These findings coupled with stock-recruitment analyses presented in this report provide evidence for density-dependence in the Snake River reaches and in Lower Granite Reservoir that was influenced by the expansion of the recovery program. The long-term goal is to use the information covered here in a comprehensive modeling effort to conduct action effectiveness and uncertainty research and to inform Fish Population, Hydrosystem, Harvest, Hatchery, and Predation and Invasive Species Management RM&E.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","usgsCitation":"Connor, W.P., Mullins, F.L., Tiffan, K.F., Plumb, J.M., Perry, R.W., Erhardt, J.M., Hemingway, R.J., Bickford, B.K., and Rhodes, T.N., 2017, Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon ESU, 1/1/2016 - 12/31/2016, 67 p.","productDescription":"67 p.","ipdsId":"IP-085073","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343904,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cbfish.org/Document.mvc/Viewer/P154616"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Snake River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -114.6478271484375,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -114.6478271484375,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 44.715513732021336\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596c7b6ee4b0d1f9f0615dc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Connor, William P.","contributorId":107589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16677,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fishery Resource Office, 276 Dworshak Complex Drive, Orofino, ID 83544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, Frank L.","contributorId":146343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mullins","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16677,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fishery Resource Office, 276 Dworshak Complex Drive, Orofino, ID 83544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plumb, John M. 0000-0003-4255-1612 jplumb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-1612","contributorId":3569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"John","email":"jplumb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erhardt, John M. 0000-0002-5170-285X jerhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-285X","contributorId":5380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erhardt","given":"John","email":"jerhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hemingway, Rulon J. 0000-0001-8143-0325 rhemingway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-0325","contributorId":194697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"Rulon","email":"rhemingway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bickford, Brad K. 0000-0003-3756-6588 bbickford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-6588","contributorId":140889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickford","given":"Brad","email":"bbickford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rhodes, Tobyn N. 0000-0002-4023-4827 trhodes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-4827","contributorId":140890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Tobyn","email":"trhodes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70189540,"text":"70189540 - 2017 - Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon life history investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-16T09:30:16","indexId":"70189540","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon life history investigations","docAbstract":"Predation by nonnative fishes is one factor that has been implicated in the decline of juvenile salmonids in the Pacific Northwest. Impoundment of much of the Snake and Columbia rivers has altered food webs and created habitat favorable for species such as Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu. Smallmouth Bass are common throughout the Columbia River basin and have become the most abundant predator in lower Snake River reservoirs (Zimmerman and Parker 1995). This is a concern for Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (hereafter, subyearlings) that may be particularly vulnerable due to their relatively small size and because their main-stem rearing habitats often overlap or are in close proximity to habitats used by Smallmouth Bass (Curet 1993; Tabor et al. 1993).
Concern over juvenile salmon predation spawned a number of large-scale studies to quantify its effect in the late 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s (Poe et al. 1991; Rieman et al. 1991; Vigg et al. 1991; Fritts and Pearsons 2004; Naughton et al. 2004). Smallmouth Bass predation represented 9% of total salmon consumption by predatory fishes in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River, from 1983 through 1986 (Rieman et al. 1991). In transitional habitat between the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River and McNary Reservoir, juvenile salmon (presumably subyearlings) were found in 65% of Smallmouth Bass (>200 mm) stomachs and comprised 59% of the diet by weight (Tabor et al. 1993). Within Lower Granite Reservoir on the Snake River, Naughton et al. (2004) showed that monthly consumption (based on weight) ranged from 5% in the upper reaches of the reservoir to 11% in the forebay. However, studies in the Snake River were conducted soon after Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing of Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon (NMFS 1992). During this time, Fall Chinook Salmon abundance was at an historic low, which may explain why consumption rates were relatively low compared to those from studies conducted in the Columbia and Yakima rivers where abundance was higher (e.g., Tabor et al. 1993; Fritts and Pearsons 2004).
We speculate that predation on subyearlings by Smallmouth Bass in the Snake River may have increased in recent years for several reasons. Since their ESA listing, recovery measures implemented for Snake River Fall Chinook salmon have resulted in a large increase in the juvenile population (Connor et al. 2013). Considering that subyearlings probably now make up a larger portion of the forage fish population, it is plausible they should make up a large portion of Smallmouth Bass diets. Second, migrating subyearlings delay downstream movement in the transition zones of the Clearwater River and Snake River for varying lengths of time (Tiffan et al. 2010), which increases their exposure and vulnerability to predators. Spatial overlap in locations of Smallmouth Bass and subyearlings that died during migration provides support for this (Tiffan et al. 2010). Finally, the later outmigration of subyearlings from the Clearwater River results in their presence in Lower Granite Reservoir during the warmest summer months when predation rates of Smallmouth Bass should be highest.
In 2016, we focused our efforts on Smallmouth Bass predation in Lower Granite Reservoir downstream of the transition zones and the confluence area where we worked during 2012–2015. Similar to past years, our first objective was to quantify Smallmouth Bass consumption rates of subyearlings, determine relative bass abundance, and describe bass diets. In addition, Tiffan et al. (2016a) posited that predation risk to subyearlings may be higher in shoreline habitats that are more suitable for Smallmouth Bass and lower in shoreline habitats that are more suitable for subyearlings. To test this hypothesis, our second objective examines the relationship between Smallmouth Bass predation of subyearlings and habitat suitability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","usgsCitation":"Erhardt, J.M., Bickford, B.K., Hemingway, R.J., Rhodes, T.N., and Tiffan, K.F., 2017, Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon life history investigations, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-085067","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343903,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cbfish.org/Document.mvc/Viewer/P154611"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Granite Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.45620727539062,\n 46.35545866673858\n ],\n [\n -116.95083618164061,\n 46.35545866673858\n ],\n [\n -116.95083618164061,\n 46.68242094391242\n ],\n [\n -117.45620727539062,\n 46.68242094391242\n ],\n [\n -117.45620727539062,\n 46.35545866673858\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596c7b71e4b0d1f9f0615dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erhardt, John M. 0000-0002-5170-285X jerhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-285X","contributorId":5380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erhardt","given":"John","email":"jerhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bickford, Brad K. 0000-0003-3756-6588 bbickford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-6588","contributorId":140889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickford","given":"Brad","email":"bbickford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hemingway, Rulon J. 0000-0001-8143-0325 rhemingway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-0325","contributorId":194697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"Rulon","email":"rhemingway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rhodes, Tobyn N. 0000-0002-4023-4827 trhodes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-4827","contributorId":140890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Tobyn","email":"trhodes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198328,"text":"70198328 - 2017 - Tracer-based evidence of heterogeneity in subsurface flow and storage within a boreal hillslope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-30T16:11:39","indexId":"70198328","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-15T14:28:20","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracer-based evidence of heterogeneity in subsurface flow and storage within a boreal hillslope","docAbstract":"Runoff from boreal hillslopes is often affected by distinct soil boundaries, including the frozen boundary and the organic – mineral boundary (OMB), where highly porous and hydraulically-conductive organic material overlies fine-grained mineral soils. Viewed from the surface, ground cover appears as a patchwork on sub-meter scales, with thick, moss mats interspersed with lichen-covered, silty soils with gravel inclusions. We conducted a decameter-scale subsurface tracer test on a boreal forest hillslope in interior Alaska to quantify locations and mechanisms of transport and storage in these soils, focusing on the OMB. A sodium bromide tracer was added as a slug addition to a pit and sampled at 40 down-gradient wells, screened primarily at the OMB and within a 7 by 12 m well field. We maintained an elevated head in the injection pit for 8.5 h to simulate a storm. Tracer breakthrough velocities ranged from < 0.12 to 0.93 m hr-1, with the highest velocities in lichen-covered soils. After 12 hours and cessation of the elevated head, the tracer coalesced and was only detected in thick mosses at a trough in the OMB. By 24 hours, approximately 17% of the tracer mass could be accounted for. The majority of the mass loss occurred between 4 and 12 hours, while the tracer was in contact with lichen-covered soils, which is consistent with tracer transport into deeper flow paths via preferential flow through discrete gravelly areas. Slow breakthroughs suggest that storage and exchange also occurred in shallow soils, likely related to saturation and drainage in fine-grained mineral soils caused by the elevated hydraulic head. These findings highlight the complex nature of storage and transmission of water and solutes from boreal hillslopes to streams, and are particularly relevant given rapid changes to boreal environments related to climate change, thawing permafrost and increasing fire severity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.11205","usgsCitation":"Koch, J.C., Toohey, R.C., and Reeves, D., 2017, Tracer-based evidence of heterogeneity in subsurface flow and storage within a boreal hillslope: Hydrological Processes, v. 31, no. 13, p. 2453-2463, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11205.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2453","endPage":"2463","ipdsId":"IP-076570","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70C4T0V","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"West Twin Creek Alaska Subsurface Bromide Tracer Experiment, 2015"},{"id":356004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc63de4b0f5d57878eb6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Toohey, Ryan C. 0000-0001-8248-5045 rtoohey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8248-5045","contributorId":5674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toohey","given":"Ryan","email":"rtoohey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, D.M.","contributorId":91703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189542,"text":"70189542 - 2017 - Preface to the special issue “Impact of omics on comparative immunology”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-15T11:30:16","indexId":"70189542","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1383,"text":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface to the special issue “Impact of omics on comparative immunology”","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2017.05.006","usgsCitation":"Boudinot, P., Grimholt, U., and Hansen, J.D., 2017, Preface to the special issue “Impact of omics on comparative immunology”: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 75, p. 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2017.05.006.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","ipdsId":"IP-087796","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596b2990e4b0d1f9f0615cf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boudinot, Pierre","contributorId":194698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boudinot","given":"Pierre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimholt, Unni","contributorId":194699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimholt","given":"Unni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734 jhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":3440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","email":"jhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189534,"text":"70189534 - 2017 - Renibacterium salmoninarum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T18:55:21.657197","indexId":"70189534","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"21","displayTitle":"Renibacterium salmoninarum","title":"Renibacterium salmoninarum","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish Viruses and Bacteria: Pathobiology and Protection","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CABI","isbn":"9781780647784","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., 2017, Renibacterium salmoninarum, chap. 21 of Fish Viruses and Bacteria: Pathobiology and Protection, p. 286-297.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"297","ipdsId":"IP-076031","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cabi.org/vetmedresource/ebook/20173129444"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596b2994e4b0d1f9f0615cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189532,"text":"70189532 - 2017 - Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T19:03:59.76716","indexId":"70189532","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","displayTitle":"Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus","title":"Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus","docAbstract":"Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a Rhabdovirus that causes significant disease in Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and rainbow and steelhead trout (O. mykiss). IHNV causes necrosis of the haematopoietic tissues, and consequently it was named infectious haematopoietic necrosis. This virus is waterborne and may transmit horizontally and vertically through virus associated with seminal and ovarian fluids. The clinical signs of disease and diagnosis; pathology; pathophysiology; and control strategies against IHNV are discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish Viruses and Bacteria: Pathobiology and Protection","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CABI","usgsCitation":"Leong, J., and Kurath, G., 2017, Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus, chap. 2 of Fish Viruses and Bacteria: Pathobiology and Protection, p. 13-25.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-072374","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343909,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cabi.org/vetmedresource/ebook/20173129426"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596b2996e4b0d1f9f0615cfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leong, Jo-Ann","contributorId":194693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leong","given":"Jo-Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187748,"text":"tm6F1 - 2017 - Coding conventions and principles for a National Land-Change Modeling Framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-17T10:33:31","indexId":"tm6F1","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-14T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-F1","title":"Coding conventions and principles for a National Land-Change Modeling Framework","docAbstract":"This report establishes specific rules for writing computer source code for use with the National Land-Change Modeling Framework (NLCMF). These specific rules consist of conventions and principles for writing code primarily in the C and C++ programming languages. Collectively, these coding conventions and coding principles create an NLCMF programming style. In addition to detailed naming conventions, this report provides general coding conventions and principles intended to facilitate the development of high-performance software implemented with code that is extensible, flexible, and interoperable. Conventions for developing modular code are explained in general terms and also enabled and demonstrated through the appended templates for C++ base source-code and header files. The NLCMF limited-extern approach to module structure, code inclusion, and cross-module access to data is both explained in the text and then illustrated through the module templates. Advice on the use of global variables is provided.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section F: Land-change modeling and analysis in Book 6: Modeling techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6F1","usgsCitation":"Donato, D.I., 2017, Coding conventions and principles for a National Land-Change Modeling Framework: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. F1, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6F1.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. ","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068071","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/f01/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343792,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/f01/tm6f1.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 06-F1"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 1 of Section F: Land-change modeling and analysis in Book 6: Modeling techniques.","contact":"Director, Eastern Geographic Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 521
Reston, VA 20192
The geomorphology and sediment regimes of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) are extremely diverse, owing in large part to the substantial spatiotemporal variability of the associated hydrological regimes. We describe the geomorphological character and sediment transport processes along IRES within the context of four geomorphological zones—upland, piedmont, lowland, and floodout—to illustrate the underpinning longitudinal trends of sediment production, transfer, and deposition that exist at the landscape scale. Many geomorphological features of IRES tend to be spatially discontinuous as a result of extended no or low-flow conditions that are punctuated by high-magnitude flood events. Diversity of geomorphology and sediment regimes both within and between the four geomorphological zones therefore promotes ecological processes and patterns in IRES that can be very distinct from perennial river systems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: Ecology and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803835-2.00002-4","usgsCitation":"Jaeger, K.L., Sutfin, N.A., Tooth, S., Michaelides, K., and Singer, M.B., 2017, Geomorphology and sediment regimes of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams, chap. 2.1 of Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: Ecology and management, p. 21-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803835-2.00002-4.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-121820","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaeger, Kristin L. 0000-0002-1209-8506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-8506","contributorId":206935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Kristin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutfin, Nicholas A.","contributorId":196280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutfin","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tooth, Stephen 0000-0001-5714-2606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5714-2606","contributorId":251645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tooth","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16758,"text":"Aberystwyth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michaelides, Katerina 0000-0002-7996-0543","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7996-0543","contributorId":251646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michaelides","given":"Katerina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37322,"text":"University of Bristol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singer, Michael B.","contributorId":168369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25268,"text":"University of St Andrews, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70218163,"text":"70218163 - 2017 - Hydrological connectivity in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-15T17:10:56.84227","indexId":"70218163","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-14T11:08:11","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2.3","title":"Hydrological connectivity in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams","docAbstract":"In intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (hereafter, IRES), hydrological connectivity mediated by either flowing or nonflowing water extends along three spatial dimensions—longitudinal, lateral, and vertical—and varies over time. Flow intermittence disrupts this connectivity, operating through complex hydrological transitions (e.g., between flowing and nonflowing phases). These transitions occur concurrently and interact along all three spatial dimensions, primarily driven by flow regime and catchment geomorphology, modified by human activities. Longitudinally, streamflow cessation and drying interrupt hydrological connectivity, contributing to physicochemical patchiness, habitat isolation, and fragmentation of metapopulations and metacommunities. Laterally, hydrological connectivity established during overbank flows is lost when water levels fall, reducing water-mediated transfers of energy, materials, and organisms from the floodplain and riparian zone. Vertically, flow cessation impairs exchange of surface and shallow groundwater, severely altering hydrological, chemical, and microbial gradients within the sediments. Concurrent interactions and physical discontinuities in hydrological connectivity along these three dimensions produce complex mosaics of physicochemical patches at different scales whose boundaries fluctuate over time in response to the flow regime. This complex patchiness underpins the characteristic physical, chemical, and biological diversity at multiple scales along longitudinal, lateral, and vertical hydrological dimensions in IRES.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: Ecology and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803835-2.00004-8","usgsCitation":"Boulton, A.J., Rolls, R.J., Jaeger, K.L., and Datry, T., 2017, Hydrological connectivity in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams, chap. 2.3 of Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: Ecology and management, p. 79-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803835-2.00004-8.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-121921","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boulton, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7393-2800","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-2800","contributorId":251647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boulton","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50368,"text":"University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rolls, Robert J. 0000-0002-0402-411X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0402-411X","contributorId":251648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rolls","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50369,"text":"University of Canberra: Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, AU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaeger, Kristin L. 0000-0002-1209-8506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-8506","contributorId":206935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Kristin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Datry, Thibault 0000-0003-1390-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-6736","contributorId":225166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Datry","given":"Thibault","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41062,"text":"Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189663,"text":"70189663 - 2017 - Assessment of PIT tag retention and post-tagging survival in metamorphosing juvenile Sea Lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T14:58:02","indexId":"70189663","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of PIT tag retention and post-tagging survival in metamorphosing juvenile Sea Lamprey","docAbstract":"Background: Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags have been used to document and monitor the movement or behavior of numerous species of fishes. Data on short-term and long-term survival and tag retention are needed before initiating studies using PIT tags on a new species or life stage. We evaluated the survival and tag retention of 153 metamorphosing juvenile Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus tagged with 12 mm PIT tags on three occasions using a simple surgical procedure.
Results: Tag retention was 100% and 98.6% at 24 h and 28-105 d post-tagging. Of the lamprey that retained their tags, 87.3% had incisions sufficiently healed to prevent further loss. Survival was 100% and 92.7% at 24 h and 41-118 d post-tagging with no significant difference in survival between tagged and untagged control lamprey. Of the 11 lamprey that died, four had symptoms that indicated their death was directly related to tagging. Survival was positively correlated with Sea Lamprey length.
Conclusions: Given the overall high level of survival and tag retention in this study, future studies can utilize 12 mm PIT tags to monitor metamorphosing juvenile Sea Lamprey movement and migration patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s40317-017-0133-z","usgsCitation":"Simard, L.G., Sotola, V.A., Marsden, J., and Miehls, S.M., 2017, Assessment of PIT tag retention and post-tagging survival in metamorphosing juvenile Sea Lamprey: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 5, no. 18, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-017-0133-z.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-085186","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-017-0133-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb4e4b0d1f9f065a87c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simard, Lee G.","contributorId":194905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simard","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sotola, V. Alex","contributorId":194906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotola","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marsden, J. Ellen","contributorId":194907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsden","given":"J. Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miehls, Scott M. 0000-0002-5546-1854 smiehls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-1854","contributorId":5007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miehls","given":"Scott","email":"smiehls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189537,"text":"70189537 - 2017 - Influence of temperature on the efficacy of homologous and heterologous DNA vaccines against viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific Herring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T15:19:05","indexId":"70189537","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of temperature on the efficacy of homologous and heterologous DNA vaccines against viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific Herring","docAbstract":"Homologous and heterologous (genogroup Ia) DNA vaccines against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (genogroup IVa) conferred partial protection in Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii. Early protection at 2 weeks postvaccination (PV) was low and occurred only at an elevated temperature (12.6°C, 189 degree days), where the relative percent survival following viral exposure was similar for the two vaccines (IVa and Ia) and higher than that of negative controls at the same temperature. Late protection at 10 weeks PV was induced by both vaccines but was higher with the homologous vaccine at both 9.0°C and 12.6°C. Virus neutralization titers were detected among 55% of all vaccinated fish at 10 weeks PV. The results suggest that the immune response profile triggered by DNA vaccination of herring was similar to that reported for Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by Lorenzen and LaPatra in 2005, who found interferon responses in the early days PV and the transition to adaptive response later. However, the protective effect was far less prominent in herring, possibly reflecting different physiologies or adaptations of the two fish species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08997659.2017.1307287","usgsCitation":"Hart, L., Lorenzen, N., Einer-Jensen, K., Purcell, M.K., and Hershberger, P., 2017, Influence of temperature on the efficacy of homologous and heterologous DNA vaccines against viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific Herring: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 29, no. 3, p. 121-128, https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2017.1307287.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"128","ipdsId":"IP-078478","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d828e4b0d1f9f060a175","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Lucas 0000-0001-7035-8778 lhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-8778","contributorId":140133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Lucas","email":"lhart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenzen, Niels","contributorId":194694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenzen","given":"Niels","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Einer-Jensen, Katja","contributorId":169001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Einer-Jensen","given":"Katja","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":150816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188429,"text":"sir20175059 - 2017 - Estimation of salt loads for the Dolores River in the Paradox Valley, Colorado, 1980–2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-07T16:16:01","indexId":"sir20175059","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-13T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5059","title":"Estimation of salt loads for the Dolores River in the Paradox Valley, Colorado, 1980–2015","docAbstract":"Regression models that relate total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations to specific conductance were used to estimate salt loads for two sites on the Dolores River in the Paradox Valley in western Colorado. The salt-load estimates will be used by the Bureau of Reclamation to evaluate salt loading to the river coming from the Paradox Valley and the effect of the Paradox Valley Unit (PVU), a project designed to reduce the salinity of the Colorado River. A second-order polynomial provided the best fit of the discrete data for both sites on the river. The largest bias occurred in samples with elevated sulfate concentrations (greater than 500 milligrams per liter), which were associated with short-duration runoff events in late summer and fall. Comparison of regression models from a period of time before operation began at the PVU and three periods after operation began suggests the relation between TDS and specific conductance has not changed over time. Net salt gain through the Paradox Valley was estimated as the TDS load at the downstream site minus the load at the upstream site. The mean annual salt gain was 137,900 tons per year prior to operation of the PVU (1980–1993) and 43,300 tons per year after the PVU began operation (1997–2015). The difference in annual salt gain in the river between the pre-PVU and post-PVU periods was 94,600 tons per year, which represents a nearly 70 percent reduction in salt loading to the river.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175059","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., 2017, Estimation of salt loads for the Dolores River in the Paradox Valley, Colorado, 1980–2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5059, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175059.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079370","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343666,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5059/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343668,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5059/sir20175059.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5059"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Dolores River, Paradox Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.907470703125,\n 38.30179226344099\n ],\n [\n -108.81906509399414,\n 38.30179226344099\n ],\n [\n -108.81906509399414,\n 38.36211833953394\n ],\n [\n -108.907470703125,\n 38.36211833953394\n ],\n [\n -108.907470703125,\n 38.30179226344099\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-415
Denver, CO 80225-0046
We evaluated the maternal transfer of mercury to eggs in songbirds, determined whether this relationship differed between songbird species, and developed equations for predicting mercury concentrations in eggs from maternal blood. We sampled blood and feathers from 44 house wren (Troglodytes aedon) and 34 tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) mothers and collected their full clutches (n = 476 eggs) within 3 days of clutch completion. Additionally, we sampled blood and feathers from 53 tree swallow mothers and randomly collected one egg from their clutches (n = 53 eggs) during mid to late incubation (6–10 days incubated) to evaluate whether the relationship varied with the timing of sampling the mother's blood. Mercury concentrations in eggs were positively correlated with mercury concentrations in maternal blood sampled at (1) the time of clutch completion for both house wrens (R2 = 0.97) and tree swallows (R2 = 0.97) and (2) during mid to late incubation for tree swallows (R2 = 0.71). The relationship between mercury concentrations in eggs and maternal blood did not differ with the stage of incubation when maternal blood was sampled. Importantly, the proportion of mercury transferred from mothers to their eggs decreased substantially with increasing blood mercury concentrations in tree swallows, but increased slightly with increasing blood mercury concentrations in house wrens. Additionally, the proportion of mercury transferred to eggs at the same maternal blood mercury concentration differed between species. Specifically, tree swallow mothers transferred 17%–107% more mercury to their eggs than house wren mothers over the observed mercury concentrations in maternal blood (0.15–1.92 μg/g ww). In contrast, mercury concentrations in eggs were not correlated with those in maternal feathers and, likewise, mercury concentrations in maternal blood were not correlated with those in feathers (all R2 < 0.01). We provide equations to translate mercury concentrations from maternal blood to eggs (and vice versa), which should facilitate comparisons among studies and help integrate toxicity benchmarks into a common tissue.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.099","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Hartman, C.A., and Herzog, M.P., 2017, Maternal transfer of mercury to songbird eggs: Environmental Pollution, v. 230, p. 463-468, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.099.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"463","endPage":"468","ipdsId":"IP-085193","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.099","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cache Creek Settling Basin, Cosumnes River Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.75,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -121.65,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -121.65,\n 38.65\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 38.65\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 38.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.35,\n 38.35\n ],\n [\n -121.45,\n 38.35\n ],\n [\n -121.45,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -121.35,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -121.35,\n 38.35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"230","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59688698e4b0d1f9f05f5946","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189489,"text":"70189489 - 2017 - Behavioral flexibility as a mechanism for coping with climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-04T11:40:54","indexId":"70189489","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral flexibility as a mechanism for coping with climate change","docAbstract":"Of the primary responses to contemporary climate change – “move, adapt, acclimate, or die” – that are available to organisms, “acclimate” may be effectively achieved through behavioral modification. Behavioral flexibility allows animals to rapidly cope with changing environmental conditions, and behavior represents an important component of a species’ adaptive capacity in the face of climate change. However, there is currently a lack of knowledge about the limits or constraints on behavioral responses to changing conditions. Here, we characterize the contexts in which organisms respond to climate variability through behavior. First, we quantify patterns in behavioral responses across taxa with respect to timescales, climatic stimuli, life-history traits, and ecology. Next, we identify existing knowledge gaps, research biases, and other challenges. Finally, we discuss how conservation practitioners and resource managers can incorporate an improved understanding of behavioral flexibility into natural resource management and policy decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/fee.1502","usgsCitation":"Beever, E., Hall, L., Varner, J., Loosen, A.E., Dunham, J.B., Gahl, M.K., Smith, F.A., and Lawler, J.J., 2017, Behavioral flexibility as a mechanism for coping with climate change: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 15, no. 6, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1502.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-069304","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59688699e4b0d1f9f05f594a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, L. Embere","contributorId":194654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"L. Embere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varner, Johanna","contributorId":147700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"Johanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16911,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loosen, Anne E.","contributorId":194655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loosen","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gahl, Megan K.","contributorId":194656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gahl","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Felisa A.","contributorId":194657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Felisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lawler, Joshua J.","contributorId":73327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70189480,"text":"70189480 - 2017 - Improved efficiency of maximum likelihood analysis of time series with temporally correlated errors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-13T15:08:25","indexId":"70189480","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2303,"text":"Journal of Geodesy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved efficiency of maximum likelihood analysis of time series with temporally correlated errors","docAbstract":"Most time series of geophysical phenomena have temporally correlated errors. From these measurements, various parameters are estimated. For instance, from geodetic measurements of positions, the rates and changes in rates are often estimated and are used to model tectonic processes. Along with the estimates of the size of the parameters, the error in these parameters needs to be assessed. If temporal correlations are not taken into account, or each observation is assumed to be independent, it is likely that any estimate of the error of these parameters will be too low and the estimated value of the parameter will be biased. Inclusion of better estimates of uncertainties is limited by several factors, including selection of the correct model for the background noise and the computational requirements to estimate the parameters of the selected noise model for cases where there are numerous observations. Here, I address the second problem of computational efficiency using maximum likelihood estimates (MLE). Most geophysical time series have background noise processes that can be represented as a combination of white and power-law noise,
Comparisons of pre-earthquake and post-earthquake microfossils in tidal sequences are accurate means to measure coastal subsidence during past subduction earthquakes, but the amount of subsidence is uncertain, because the response times of fossil taxa to coseismic relative sea-level (RSL) rise are unknown. We measured the response of diatoms and foraminifera to restoration of a salt marsh in southern Oregon, USA. Tidal flooding following dike removal caused an RSL rise of ∼1 m, as might occur by coseismic subsidence during momentum magnitude (Mw) 8.1–8.8 earthquakes on this section of the Cascadia subduction zone. Less than two weeks after dike removal, diatoms colonized low marsh and tidal flats in large numbers, showing that they can record seismically induced subsidence soon after earthquakes. In contrast, low-marsh foraminifera took at least 11 months to appear in sizeable numbers. Where subsidence measured with diatoms and foraminifera differs, their different response times may provide an estimate of postseismic vertical deformation in the months following past megathrust earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G38832.1","usgsCitation":"Horton, B.P., Milker, Y., Dura, T., Wang, K., Bridgeland, W., Brophy, L.S., Ewald, M., Khan, N., Engelhart, S., Nelson, A.R., and Witter, R., 2017, Microfossil measures of rapid sea-level rise: Timing of response of two microfossil groups to a sudden tidal-flooding experiment in Cascadia: Geology, v. 45, no. 6, p. 535-538, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38832.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"538","ipdsId":"IP-084807","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1290766","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","volume":"45","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598acddce4b09fa1cb0e13d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, B. P.","contributorId":96816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milker, Yvonne","contributorId":193405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milker","given":"Yvonne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dura, T.","contributorId":193399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dura","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Kelin","contributorId":194791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Kelin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bridgeland, W.T.","contributorId":195549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bridgeland","given":"W.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brophy, Laura S.","contributorId":47266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brophy","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ewald, M.","contributorId":195550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ewald","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Khan, Nicole 0000-0002-9845-1103 nkhan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-1103","contributorId":194111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khan","given":"Nicole","email":"nkhan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Engelhart, S.E.","contributorId":88586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelhart","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70189473,"text":"70189473 - 2017 - Deepwater sculpin status and recovery in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T11:23:33","indexId":"70189473","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deepwater sculpin status and recovery in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"Deepwater sculpin are important in oligotrophic lakes as one of the few fishes that use deep profundal habitats and link invertebrates in those habitats to piscivores. In Lake Ontario the species was once abundant, however drastic declines in the mid-1900s led some to suggest the species had been extirpated and ultimately led Canadian and U.S. agencies to elevate the species' conservation status. Following two decades of surveys with no captures, deepwater sculpin were first caught in low numbers in 1996 and by the early 2000s there were indications of population recovery. We updated the status of Lake Ontario deepwater sculpin through 2016 to inform resource management and conservation. Our data set was comprised of 8431 bottom trawls sampled from 1996 to 2016, in U.S. and Canadian waters spanning depths from 5 to 225 m. Annual density estimates generally increased from 1996 through 2016, and an exponential model estimated the rate of population increase was ~ 59% per year. The mean total length and the proportion of fish greater than the estimated length at maturation (~ 116 mm) generally increased until a peak in 2013. In addition, the mean length of all deepwater sculpin captured in a trawl significantly increased with depth. Across all years examined, deepwater sculpin densities generally increased with depth, increasing sharply at depths > 150 m. Bottom trawl observations suggest the Lake Ontario deepwater sculpin population has recovered and current densities and biomass densities may now be similar to the other Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2016.12.011","usgsCitation":"Weidel, B., Walsh, M., Connerton, M., Lantry, B.F., Lantry, J.R., Holden, J.P., Yuille, M.J., and Hoyle, J., 2017, Deepwater sculpin status and recovery in Lake Ontario: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 5, p. 854-862, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.12.011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"854","endPage":"862","ipdsId":"IP-082229","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.12.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -76.025390625,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -76.025390625,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 43.14909399920127\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5968869be4b0d1f9f05f5955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, Maureen 0000-0001-7846-5025 mwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7846-5025","contributorId":3659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Maureen","email":"mwalsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connerton, Michael J.","contributorId":190416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connerton","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lantry, Brian F. 0000-0001-8797-3910 bflantry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-3910","contributorId":3435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"Brian","email":"bflantry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lantry, Jana R.","contributorId":28495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lantry","given":"Jana","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holden, Jeremy P.","contributorId":190415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holden","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16762,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yuille, Michael J.","contributorId":194647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuille","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":" Hoyle, James A.","contributorId":141108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":" Hoyle","given":"James A.","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70189457,"text":"70189457 - 2017 - Sand ridge morphology and bedform migration patterns derived from bathymetry and backscatter on the inner-continental shelf offshore of Assateague Island, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-13T11:12:25","indexId":"70189457","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sand ridge morphology and bedform migration patterns derived from bathymetry and backscatter on the inner-continental shelf offshore of Assateague Island, USA","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration conducted\r\ngeophysical and hydrographic surveys, respectively, along the inner-continental shelf of Fenwick and\r\nAssateague Islands, Maryland and Virginia over the last 40 years. High resolution bathymetry and backscatter\r\ndata derived from surveys over the last decade are used to describe the morphology and presence of sand ridges\r\non the inner-continental shelf and measure the change in the position of smaller-scale (10–100 s of meters)\r\nseafloor features. Bathymetric surveys from the last 30 years link decadal-scale sand ridge migration patterns to\r\nthe high-resolution measurements of smaller-scale bedform features. Sand ridge morphology on the inner-shelf\r\nchanges across-shore and alongshore. Areas of similar sand ridge morphology are separated alongshore by\r\nzones where ridges are less pronounced or completely transected by transverse dunes. Seafloor-change analyses\r\nderived from backscatter data over a 4–7 year period show that southerly dune migration increases in\r\nmagnitude from north to south, and the east-west pattern of bedform migration changes ~ 10 km north of the\r\nMaryland-Virginia state line. Sand ridge morphology and occurrence and bedform migration changes may be\r\nconnected to observed changes in geologic framework including topographic highs, deflated zones, and sand\r\navailability. Additionally, changes in sand ridge occurrence and morphology may help explain changes in the\r\nlong-term shoreline trends along Fenwick and Assateague Islands. Although the data presented here cannot\r\nquantitatively link sand ridges to sediment transport and shoreline change, it does present a compelling\r\nrelationship between inner-shelf sand availability and movement, sand ridge occurrence and morphology,\r\ngeologic framework, and shoreline behavior.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.021","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E.A., Brothers, L.L., Thieler, E.R., and Sweeney, E., 2017, Sand ridge morphology and bedform migration patterns derived from bathymetry and backscatter on the inner-continental shelf offshore of Assateague Island, USA: Continental Shelf Research, v. 144, p. 80-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.021.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"80","endPage":"97","ipdsId":"IP-077828","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.6630859375,\n 39.05758374935667\n ],\n [\n -76.4263916015625,\n 38.9807627650163\n ],\n [\n -76.4044189453125,\n 38.47939467327645\n ],\n [\n -76.256103515625,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -76.1517333984375,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -76.102294921875,\n 37.931200459333716\n ],\n [\n -76.036376953125,\n 37.76637243960179\n ],\n [\n -75.9210205078125,\n 37.80978395301097\n ],\n [\n -75.8331298828125,\n 37.9051994823157\n ],\n [\n -75.772705078125,\n 37.91820111976663\n ],\n [\n -75.87158203125,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -76.102294921875,\n 37.37888785004527\n ],\n [\n -75.992431640625,\n 36.954281585675965\n ],\n [\n -75.55847167968749,\n 37.35269280367274\n ],\n [\n -75.07507324218749,\n 38.11727165830543\n ],\n [\n -74.8223876953125,\n 38.64261790634527\n ],\n [\n -74.6630859375,\n 39.05758374935667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"144","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5968869be4b0d1f9f05f595a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-1224-4892 ependleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1224-4892","contributorId":174845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ependleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brothers, Laura L. 0000-0003-2986-5166 lbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-5166","contributorId":176698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Laura","email":"lbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sweeney, Edward 0000-0003-4458-4493 emsweeney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4458-4493","contributorId":152121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweeney","given":"Edward","email":"emsweeney@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190128,"text":"70190128 - 2017 - Inland waters and their role in the carbon cycle of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T21:10:04","indexId":"70190128","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inland waters and their role in the carbon cycle of Alaska","docAbstract":"The magnitude of Alaska (AK) inland waters carbon (C) fluxes is likely to change in the future due to amplified climate warming impacts on the hydrology and biogeochemical processes in high latitude regions. Although current estimates of major aquatic C fluxes represent an essential baseline against which future change can be compared, a comprehensive assessment for AK has not yet been completed. To address this gap, we combined available data sets and applied consistent methodologies to estimate river lateral C export to the coast, river and lake carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions, and C burial in lakes for the six major hydrologic regions in the state. Estimated total aquatic C flux for AK was 41 Tg C/yr. Major components of this total flux, in Tg C/yr, were 18 for river lateral export, 17 for river CO2 emissions, and 8 for lake CO2 emissions. Lake C burial offset these fluxes by 2 Tg C/yr. River and lake CH4 emissions were 0.03 and 0.10 Tg C/yr, respectively. The Southeast and South central regions had the highest temperature, precipitation, terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP), and C yields (fluxes normalized to land area) were 77 and 42 g C·m−2·yr−1, respectively. Lake CO2 emissions represented over half of the total aquatic flux from the Southwest (37 g C·m−2·yr−1). The North Slope, Northwest, and Yukon regions had lesser yields (11, 15, and 17 g C·m2·yr−1), but these estimates may be the most vulnerable to future climate change, because of the heightened sensitivity of arctic and boreal ecosystems to intensified warming. Total aquatic C yield for AK was 27 g C·m−2·yr−1, which represented 16% of the estimated terrestrial NPP. Freshwater ecosystems represent a significant conduit for C loss, and a more comprehensive view of land-water-atmosphere interactions is necessary to predict future climate change impacts on the Alaskan ecosystem C balance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1552","usgsCitation":"Stackpoole, S.M., Butman, D.E., Clow, D.W., Verdin, K.L., Gaglioti, B.V., Genet, H., and Striegl, R.G., 2017, Inland waters and their role in the carbon cycle of Alaska: Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 5, p. 1403-1420, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1552.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1403","endPage":"1420","ipdsId":"IP-079185","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1552","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"27","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59901398e4b09fa1cb178925","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackpoole, Sarah M. 0000-0002-5876-4922 sstackpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-4922","contributorId":3784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackpoole","given":"Sarah","email":"sstackpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, David E.","contributorId":145535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16142,"text":"School of Environmental and Forest Sciences & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Verdin, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6114-4660 kverdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6114-4660","contributorId":3070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"Kristine","email":"kverdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gaglioti, Benjamin V. 0000-0003-0591-5253 bgaglioti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-5253","contributorId":4521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaglioti","given":"Benjamin","email":"bgaglioti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Genet, Hélène","contributorId":195179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genet","given":"Hélène","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188452,"text":"sim3381 - 2017 - Land area change in coastal Louisiana (1932 to 2016)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T10:37:54","indexId":"sim3381","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3381","title":"Land area change in coastal Louisiana (1932 to 2016)","docAbstract":"Coastal Louisiana wetlands are one of the most critically threatened environments in the United States. These wetlands are in peril because Louisiana currently experiences greater coastal wetland loss than all other States in the contiguous United States combined. The analyses of landscape change presented here have utilized historical surveys, aerial, and satellite data to quantify landscape changes from 1932 to 2016. Analyses show that coastal Louisiana has experienced a net change in land area of approximately -4,833 square kilometers (modeled estimate: -5,197 +/- 443 square kilometers) from 1932 to 2016. This net change in land area amounts to a decrease of approximately 25 percent of the 1932 land area. Previous studies have presented linear rates of change over multidecadal time periods which unintentionally suggest that wetland change occurs at a constant rate, although in many cases, wetland change rates vary with time. A penalized regression spline technique was used to determine the model that best fit the data, rather than fitting the data with linear trends. Trend analyses from model fits indicate that coastwide rates of wetland change have varied from -83.5 +/- 11.8 square kilometers per year to -28.01 +/- 16.37 square kilometers per year. To put these numbers into perspective, this equates to long-term average loss rates of approximately an American football field’s worth of coastal wetlands within 34 minutes when losses are rapid to within 100 minutes at more recent, slower rates. Of note is the slowing of the rate of wetland change since its peak in the mid- 1970s. Not only have rates of wetland loss been decreasing since that time, a further rate reduction has been observed since 2010. Possible reasons for this reduction include recovery from lows affected by the hurricanes of 2005 and 2008, the lack of major storms in the past 8 years, a possible slowing of subsidence rates, the reduction in and relocation of oil and gas extraction and infrastructure since the peak of such activities in the late 1960s, and restoration activities. In addition, many wetlands in more exposed positions in the landscape have already been lost. Most notable of the factors listed above is the lack of major storms over the past 8 years. The observed coastwide net “stability” in land area observed over the past 6–8 years does not imply that loss has ceased. Future disturbance events such as a major hurricane impact could change the trajectory of the rates. Sea-level rise is projected to increase at an exponential rate, and that would also expedite the rate of wetland loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3381","usgsCitation":"Couvillion, B.R., Beck, Holly, Schoolmaster, Donald, and Fischer, Michelle, 2017, Land area change in coastal Louisiana 1932 to 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3381, 16 p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3381.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 16 p.; Map: 80 x 42 inches","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-085820","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438270,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74B30JM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Land area change in Coastal Louisiana (1932 to 2016) - persistent land change spatial data"},{"id":343518,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3381/sim3381.pdf","text":"Map","size":"11.3 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U.S. Geological Survey
700 Cajundome Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70506