{"pageNumber":"966","pageRowStart":"24125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70029379,"text":"70029379 - 2005 - Distribution patterns of mercury in Lakes and Rivers of northeastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T17:30:01","indexId":"70029379","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution patterns of mercury in Lakes and Rivers of northeastern North America","docAbstract":"<p><span>We assembled 831 data points for total mercury (Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span>) and 277 overlapping points for methyl mercury (CH</span><sub>3</sub><span>Hg</span><sup>+</sup><span>) in surface waters from Massachussetts, USA to the Island of Newfoundland, Canada from State, Provincial, and Federal government databases. These geographically indexed values were used to determine: (a) if large-scale spatial distribution patterns existed and (b) whether there were significant relationships between the two main forms of aquatic Hg as well as with total organic carbon (TOC), a well know complexer of metals. We analyzed the catchments where samples were collected using a Geographical Information System (GIS) approach, calculating catchment sizes, mean slope, and mean wetness index. Our results show two main spatial distribution patterns. We detected loci of high Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span> values near urbanized regions of Boston MA and Portland ME. However, except for one unexplained exception, the highest Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span> and CH</span><sub>3</sub><span>Hg</span><sup>+</sup><span> concentrations were located in regions far from obvious point sources. These correlated to topographically flat (and thus wet) areas that we relate to wetland abundances. We show that aquatic Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span> and CH</span><sub>3</sub><span>Hg</span><sup>+</sup><span> concentrations are generally well correlated with TOC and with each other. Over the region, CH</span><sub>3</sub><span>Hg</span><sup>+</sup><span> concentrations are typically approximately 15% of Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span>. There is an exception in the Boston region where CH</span><sub>3</sub><span>Hg</span><sup>+</sup><span> is low compared to the high Hg</span><sub>t</sub><span> values. This is probably due to the proximity of point sources of inorganic Hg and a lack of wetlands. We also attempted to predict Hg concentrations in water with statistical models using catchment features as variables. We were only able to produce statistically significant predictive models in some parts of regions due to the lack of suitable digital information, and because data ranges in some regions were too narrow for meaningful regression analyses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Chapman & Hall","doi":"10.1007/s10646-004-6263-0","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Dennis, I.F., Clair, T.A., Driscoll, C.T., Kamman, N., Chalmers, A.T., Shanley, J., Norton, S.A., and Kahl, S., 2005, Distribution patterns of mercury in Lakes and Rivers of northeastern North America: Ecotoxicology, v. 14, no. 1-2, p. 113-123, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6263-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"123","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Maine, Massachusetts, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New York, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -57.919921875,\n              50.51342652633956\n            ],\n            [\n              -56.3818359375,\n              50.401515322782366\n            ],\n            [\n              -55.107421875,\n              50.3454604086048\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.140625,\n              49.97948776108648\n            ],\n            [\n              -53.349609375,\n              49.696061819115634\n            ],\n            [\n              -53.173828125,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.0087890625,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -55.2392578125,\n              46.649436163350245\n      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A.","contributorId":83254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clair","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kamman, Neil","contributorId":56892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamman","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chalmers, Ann T. 0000-0002-5199-8080 chalmers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-8080","contributorId":1443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"Ann","email":"chalmers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shanley, Jamie","contributorId":72922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norton, Stephen A.","contributorId":84384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kahl, Steve","contributorId":174043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahl","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70029685,"text":"70029685 - 2005 - Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-26T14:37:32","indexId":"70029685","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA","docAbstract":"We assessed the exposure of fish from the Spring and Neosho Rivers in northeast Oklahoma, USA, to lead, zinc, and cadmium from historical mining in the Tri-States Mining District (TSMD). Fish (n = 74) representing six species were collected in October 2001 from six sites on the Spring and Neosho Rivers influenced to differing degrees by mining. Additional samples were obtained from the Big River, a heavily contaminated stream in eastern Missouri, USA, and from reference sites. Blood from each fish was analyzed for Pb, Zn, Cd, Fe, and hemoglobin (Hb). Blood also was analyzed for ??-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) activity. The activity of ALA-D, an enzyme involved in heme synthesis, is inhibited by Pb. Concentrations of Fe and Hb were highly correlated (r = 0.89, p < 0.01) across all species and locations and typically were greater in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) than in other taxa. Concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd typically were greatest in fish from sites most heavily affected by mining and lowest in reference samples. The activity of ALA-D, but not concentrations of Hb or Fe, also differed significantly (p < 0.01) among sites and species. Enzyme activity was lowest in fish from mining-contaminated sites and greatest in reference fish, and was correlated negatively with Pb in most species. Statistically significant (p < 0.01) linear regression models that included negative terms for blood Pb explained as much as 68% of the total variation in ALA-D activity, but differences among taxa were highly evident. Positive correlations with Zn were documented in the combined data for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris), as has been reported for other taxa, but not in bass (Micropterus spp.) or carp. In channel catfish, ALA-D activity appeared to be more sensitive to blood Pb than in the other species investigated (i.e., threshold concentrations for inhibition were lower). Such among-species differences are consistent with previous studies. Enzyme activity was inhibited by more than 50% relative to reference sites in channel catfish from several TSMD sites. Collectively, our results indicate that Pb is both bioavailable and active biochemically in the Spring-Neosho River system. ?? 2005 SETAC.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/04-332R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C.J., Whyte, J.J., Brumbaugh, W.G., and Tillitt, D.E., 2005, Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 24, no. 6, p. 1483-1495, https://doi.org/10.1897/04-332R.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1483","endPage":"1495","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213112,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/04-332R.1"}],"volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f142e4b0c8380cd4ab28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whyte, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":100738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whyte","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029382,"text":"70029382 - 2005 - Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029382","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada","docAbstract":"The Santa Rosa Range fault zone (SRRFZ) is one of the most topographically prominent normal fault systems in the northern Basin and Range province of the western United States. It has been assigned high rates of vertical slip by others and has been identified as a possible site of the future extension of the central Nevada seismic belt (CNSB). We use detailed trench mapping and luminescence dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last several large-magnitude paleoearthquakes on the southern part of the SRRFZ at a trench site near Orovada, Nevada. Coseismic vertical displacements ranged from 1 to 2.8 m for each of the last four events. Luminescence ages provide time limits for the last three events of 125-155 ka, 90-108 ka, and 11-16 ka. These data yield recurrence intervals of 17-65 k.y. and 74-97 k.y. and an elapsed time of 11-16 k.y. since the youngest event. Slip-rate determinations at the Orovada site are complicated by multiple fault strands, but rates calculated from a variety of data are surprisingly low (0.01-0.16 mm/yr), given the topographic prominence of the Santa Rosa Range. A lack of compelling patterns in a comparison of paleoseismic parameters indicate that the SRRFZ is no more likely a location for a large-magnitude earthquake than previously identified seismic gaps or along faults that lie directly north of the CNSB.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040001","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Personius, S., and Mahan, S., 2005, Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 1, p. 319-333, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040001.","startPage":"319","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210621,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040001"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd09e4b08c986b328e9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, S. F. 0000-0001-8347-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":31408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027446,"text":"70027446 - 2005 - Trace metal concentrations in snow from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027446","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trace metal concentrations in snow from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada","docAbstract":"We report here on metal concentrations in snow collected from the Yukon River basin. Atmospheric transport of metals and subsequent deposition is a known mechanism for introducing metals into the northern environment. Potential sources of airborne elements are locally generated terrestrial sources, locally derived anthropogenic sources, and long range atmospheric transport. Sites were distributed along the Yukon River corridor and within the southeastern, central, and western basin areas. Snow samples were taken in the spring of 2001 and 2002 when the snow pack was at its maximum. Total-depth composite samples were taken from pits using clean techniques. Mercury was analyzed using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry. All other elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. In samples from remote sites, the concentration for selected metals ranged from: 0.015 - 0.34 ug/L for V, 0.01 - 0.22 ug/L for Ni, < 0.05 - 0.52 ug/L for Cu, 0.14 - 2.8 ug/L for Zn, 0.002 - 0.046 ug/L for Cd, 0.03 - 0.13 ug/L for Pb, 0.00041 - 0.0023 ug/L for filtered-Hg. Because the entire snow pack was sampled and there was no evidence of mid-season thaw, these concentrations represent the seasonal deposition. There was no significant difference in the seasonal deposition of V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb at these sites between 2001 and 2002, and no north-south or east-west trend in concentrations. Samples taken from within communities, however, had significantly higher concentrations of V, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd in 2001, and Ni, Cu, and Pb in 2002 relative to the remote sites. Our data indicate that the atmospheric deposition of metals in the Yukon River basin is relatively uniform both spatially and temporally. However, communities have a measurable but variable effect on metal concentrations. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)263","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Wang, B., Gough, L., Hinkley, T., Garbarino, J., and Lamothe, P., 2005, Trace metal concentrations in snow from the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada, <i>in</i> World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)263.","startPage":"263","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)263"},{"id":238296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb66de4b08c986b326c6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, B.","contributorId":29011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gough, L.","contributorId":53971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinkley, T. 0000-0001-8507-6271","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8507-6271","contributorId":46690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkley","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garbarino, J.","contributorId":56852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, P.","contributorId":100477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029160,"text":"70029160 - 2005 - A whole image approach using field measurements for transforming EO1 Hyperion hyperspectral data into canopy reflectance spectra","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029160","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A whole image approach using field measurements for transforming EO1 Hyperion hyperspectral data into canopy reflectance spectra","docAbstract":"To maximize the spectral distinctiveness (information) of the canopy reflectance, an atmospheric correction strategy was implemented to provide accurate estimates of the intrinsic reflectance from the Earth Observing 1 (EO1) satellite Hyperion sensor signal. In rendering the canopy reflectance, an estimate of optical depth derived from a measurement of downwelling irradiance was used to drive a radiative transfer simulation of atmospheric scattering and attenuation. During the atmospheric model simulation, the input whole-terrain background reflectance estimate was changed to minimize the differences between the model predicted and the observed canopy reflectance spectra at 34 sites. Lacking appropriate spectrally invariant scene targets, inclusion of the field and predicted comparison maximized the model accuracy and, thereby, the detail and precision in the canopy reflectance necessary to detect low percentage occurrences of invasive plants. After accounting for artifacts surrounding prominent absorption features from about 400nm to 1000nm, the atmospheric adjustment strategy correctly explained 99% of the observed canopy reflectance spectra variance. Separately, model simulation explained an average of 88%??9% of the observed variance in the visible and 98% ?? 1% in the near-infrared wavelengths. In the 34 model simulations, maximum differences between the observed and predicted reflectances were typically less than ?? 1% in the visible; however, maximum reflectance differences higher than ?? 1.6% (<??2.3%) at more than a few wavelengths were observed at three sites. In the near-infrared wavelengths, maximum reflectance differences remained less than ??3% for 68% of the comparisons (??1 standard deviation) and less than ??6% for 95% of the comparisons (??2 standard deviation). Higher reflectance differences in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths were most likely associated with problems in the comparison, not in the model generation. ?? 2005 US Government.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/0431160512331326729","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., and Nelson, G., 2005, A whole image approach using field measurements for transforming EO1 Hyperion hyperspectral data into canopy reflectance spectra: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 26, no. 8, p. 1589-1610, https://doi.org/10.1080/0431160512331326729.","startPage":"1589","endPage":"1610","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210608,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0431160512331326729"},{"id":237582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e61ee4b0c8380cd4718f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, G.","contributorId":101072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029066,"text":"70029066 - 2005 - Supergene destruction of a hydrothermal replacement alunite deposit at Big Rock Candy Mountain, Utah: Mineralogy, spectroscopic remote sensing, stable-isotope, and argon-age evidences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T10:31:32","indexId":"70029066","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supergene destruction of a hydrothermal replacement alunite deposit at Big Rock Candy Mountain, Utah: Mineralogy, spectroscopic remote sensing, stable-isotope, and argon-age evidences","docAbstract":"<p><span>Big Rock Candy Mountain is a prominent center of variegated altered volcanic rocks in west-central Utah. It consists of the eroded remnants of a hypogene alunite deposit that, at ∼21 Ma, replaced intermediate-composition lava flows. The alunite formed in steam-heated conditions above the upwelling limb of a convection cell that was one of at least six spaced at 3- to 4-km intervals around the margin of a monzonite stock. Big Rock Candy Mountain is horizontally zoned outward from an alunite core to respective kaolinite, dickite, and propylite envelopes. The altered rocks are also vertically zoned from a lower pyrite–propylite assemblage upward through assemblages successively dominated by hypogene alunite, jarosite, and hematite, to a flooded silica cap. This hydrothermal assemblage is undergoing natural destruction in a steep canyon downcut by the Sevier River in Marysvale Canyon. Integrated geological, mineralogical, spectroscopic remote sensing using AVIRIS data, Ar radiometric, and stable isotopic studies trace the hypogene origin and supergene destruction of the deposit and permit distinction of primary (hydrothermal) and secondary (weathering) processes. This destruction has led to the formation of widespread supergene gypsum in cross-cutting fractures and as surficial crusts, and to natrojarosite, that gives the mountain its buff coloration along ridges facing the canyon. A small spring, Lemonade Spring, with a pH of 2.6 and containing Ca, Mg, Si, Al, Fe, Mn, Cl, and SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>, also occurs near the bottom of the canyon. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar age (21.32±0.07 Ma) of the alunite is similar to that for other replacement alunites at Marysvale. However, the age spectrum contains evidence of a 6.6-Ma thermal event that can be related to the tectonic activity responsible for the uplift that led to the downcutting of Big Rock Candy Mountain by the Sevier River. This ∼6.6 Ma event also is present in the age spectrum of supergene natrojarosite forming today, and probably dates the beginning of supergene alteration at Big Rock Candy Mountain. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>δ</i><sup>34</sup><span>S value (11.9‰) of alunite is similar to those for replacement alunite from other deposits in the Marysvale volcanic field. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>δ</i><sup>34</sup><span>S values of natrojarosite (0.7‰ to −1.2‰) are similar to those for aqueous sulfate in Lemonade Spring, but are larger than those in pyrite (0.4‰ to −4.7‰). The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>δ</i><sup>34</sup><span>S and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO<sub>4</sub></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values of gypsum show an excellent correlation, with values ranging from 15.2‰ to −5.2‰ and 7‰ to −8.2‰, respectively. The stable-isotope data indicate that the aqueous sulfate for gypsum is a mixture derived from the dissolution of hypogene gypsum and alunite, and from the supergene oxidation of pyrite. The aqueous sulfate for the natrojarosite, however, is derived largely from the supergene oxidation of pyrite, with a minor contribution from the dissolution of alunite and gypsum. The exceptional detailed spectral mapping capabilities of AVIRIS led to the recognition of a small amount of jarosite that is probably the top of the steam-heated system that produced the primary hypogene alteration at Big Rock Candy Mountain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.055","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, C.G., Rye, R.O., Rockwell, B.W., Kunk, M.J., and Councell, T.B., 2005, Supergene destruction of a hydrothermal replacement alunite deposit at Big Rock Candy Mountain, Utah: Mineralogy, spectroscopic remote sensing, stable-isotope, and argon-age evidences: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4, p. 317-337, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.055.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"337","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Big Rock Candy Mountain","volume":"215","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f57e4b08c986b31e4eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Charles G.","contributorId":85940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Councell, Terry B.","contributorId":32301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Councell","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029289,"text":"70029289 - 2005 - Bioassessment of fish communities of the upper Delaware River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70029289","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioassessment of fish communities of the upper Delaware River","docAbstract":"We assessed the biotic integrity of the middle-to-upper Delaware River. We sampled fish and assembled water quality data for eight stations and three habitat types (pool, riffle, and submerged aquatic vegetation [SAV]) of the Delaware River and applied an existing index of biotic integrity (IBI) recently developed for the northern mid-Atlantic slope drainages. We used Spearman's correlation to test IBI scores against measures of water quality (WQI) and cultural pollution. IBI scores were not significantly correlated with WQI, but were significantly negatively correlated with sewage load of adjacent tributaries (rs = -0.647, p = 0.08). Sites ranged from good to fair in biotic integrity. Fish assemblage composition from all three habitat types was necessary in order to accurately characterize biotic integrity. Of the three habitat types, fish assemblages from SAV habitats had the greatest positive effect on biotic integrity. Continued application of the IBI may be useful as a long-term monitoring tool as this river corridor becomes increasingly urbanized.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"van Snik Gray, E., Ross, R.M., and Bennett, R.M., 2005, Bioassessment of fish communities of the upper Delaware River: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 12, no. 2, p. 203-216.","startPage":"203","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f13ce4b0c8380cd4aaf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Snik Gray, E.","contributorId":35846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Snik Gray","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, R. M.","contributorId":39311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, R. M.","contributorId":97852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027864,"text":"70027864 - 2005 - U-Pb zircon geochronology of Mesoproterozoic postorogenic rocks and implications for post-Ottawan magmatism and metallogenesis, New Jersey Highlands and contiguous areas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027864","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U-Pb zircon geochronology of Mesoproterozoic postorogenic rocks and implications for post-Ottawan magmatism and metallogenesis, New Jersey Highlands and contiguous areas, USA","docAbstract":"Postorogenic rocks are widespread in Grenville terranes of the north-central Appalachians where they form small, discordant, largely pegmatitic felsic intrusive bodies, veins, and dikes, and also metasomatic calcic skarns that are unfoliated and postdate the regional 1090 to 1030 Ma upper amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism related to the Grenville (Ottawan) Orogeny. Zircons from magmatic and nonmagmatic rocks from northern New Jersey and southern New York were dated to provide information on the regional tectonomagmatic and metallogenic history following Ottawan orogenesis. We obtained U-Th-Pb zircon ages of 1004 ?? 3 Ma for pegmatite associated with the 1020 ?? 4 Ma Mount Eve Granite near Big Island, New York, 986 ?? 4 Ma for unfoliated, discordant pegmatite that intrudes supracrustal marble at the Buckwheat open cut, Franklin, New Jersey, ???990 Ma for a silicate-borate skarn layer in the Franklin Marble at Rudeville, New Jersey, and 940 ?? 2 Ma for a calc-silicate skarn layer at Lower Twin Lake, New York. This new data, together with previously published ages of 1020 ?? 4 to 965 ?? 10 Ma for postorogenic rocks from New Jersey and southern New York, provide evidence of magmatic activity that lasted for up to 60 Ma past the peak of high-grade metamorphism. Postorogenic magmatism was almost exclusively felsic and involved relatively small volumes of metaluminous to mildly peraluminous melt that fractionated from an A-type granite parent source. Field relationships suggest the melts were emplaced along lithosphere-scale fault zones in the Highlands that were undergoing extension and that emplacement followed orogenic collapse by least 30 Ma. Postorogenic felsic intrusions correspond to the niobium-yttrium-fluorine (NYF) class of pegmatites of C??erny?? (1992a). Geochronologic data provide a temporal constraint on late-stage hydrothermal activity and a metallogenic event in New Jersey at ???990 to 940 Ma that mineralized pegmatites with subeconomic to economic deposits of magnetite ?? U ?? Th ?? rare earth element (REE) and formed metasomatic calcic skarn bodies in marble and reactive carbonate rocks. Mineralization associated with this event overlaps the timing of pegmatite emplacement, suggesting a petrogenetic relationship. Coeval metallogeny at 975 to 950 Ma in the New York Hudson Highlands and 980 to 937 Ma in the Canadian Grenville Province implies that this event was widespread following the Ottawan phase of the Grenville Orogeny. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Precambrian Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2005.06.003","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Volkert, R., Zartman, R., and Moore, P., 2005, U-Pb zircon geochronology of Mesoproterozoic postorogenic rocks and implications for post-Ottawan magmatism and metallogenesis, New Jersey Highlands and contiguous areas, USA: Precambrian Research, v. 139, no. 1-2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2005.06.003.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210967,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2005.06.003"}],"volume":"139","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9d5e4b08c986b327e3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Volkert, R.A.","contributorId":90799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volkert","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, P.B.","contributorId":37527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027367,"text":"70027367 - 2005 - Operation and performance of the mars exploration rover imaging system on the martian surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027367","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Operation and performance of the mars exploration rover imaging system on the martian surface","docAbstract":"The Imaging System on the Mars Exploration Rovers has successfully operated on the surface of Mars for over one Earth year. The acquisition of hundreds of panoramas and tens of thousands of stereo pairs has enabled the rovers to explore Mars at a level of detail unprecedented in the history of space exploration. In addition to providing scientific value, the images also play a key role in the daily tactical operation of the rovers. The mobile nature of the MER surface mission requires extensive use of the imaging system for traverse planning, rover localization, remote sensing instrument targeting, and robotic arm placement. Each of these activity types requires a different set of data compression rates, surface coverage, and image acquisition strategies. An overview of the surface imaging activities is provided, along with a summary of the image data acquired to date. ?? 2005 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","conferenceTitle":"IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society, Proceedings - 2005 International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","conferenceDate":"10 October 2005 through 12 October 2005","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, HI","language":"English","issn":"1062922X","usgsCitation":"Maki, J., Litwin, T., Schwochert, M., and Herkenhoff, K., 2005, Operation and performance of the mars exploration rover imaging system on the martian surface, <i>in</i> Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, v. 1, Waikoloa, HI, 10 October 2005 through 12 October 2005, p. 930-936.","startPage":"930","endPage":"936","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e79e4b0c8380cd75676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maki, J.N.","contributorId":11356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maki","given":"J.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Litwin, T.","contributorId":52756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litwin","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwochert, M.","contributorId":43533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwochert","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herkenhoff, K.","contributorId":17352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029439,"text":"70029439 - 2005 - Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:51:29.484583","indexId":"70029439","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft","docAbstract":"<p><span>Collisions between birds and aircraft (birdstrikes) pose a major threat to aviation safety. Different species pose different levels of threat; thus, identification of the most hazardous species can help managers identify the level of hazard and prioritize mitigation efforts. Dolbeer et al. (2000) assessed the hazard posed by birds to civilian aircraft by analyzing data from the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Wildlife Strike Database to rank the hazardous species and species groups. A similar analysis has not been done for the military but would be useful and necessary. Military flight characteristics differ from those of civilian flights. During the period 1985–1998, birdstrikes cost the United States Air Force (USAF) an average of $35 million/year in damage. Using the USAF Birdstrike Database, we selected and evaluated each species or species group by the number of strikes recorded in each of 3 damage categories. We weighted damage categories to reflect extent and cost of damage. The USAF Birdstrike Database contained 25,519 records of wildlife strikes in the United States. During the period 1985–1998, 22 (mean = 1.6/year) Class-A birdstrikes (&gt;$1,000,000 damage, loss of aircraft, loss of life, or permanent total disability) were sustained, accounting for 80% of total monetary losses caused by birds. Vultures (</span><i>Cathartes aura, Coragyps atratus, Caracara cheriway</i><span>) were ranked the most hazardous species group (Hazard Index Rank [HIR] = 127) to USAF aircraft, followed by geese (</span><i>Branta canadensis, Chen caerulescens</i><span>, HIR = 76), pelicans (</span><i>Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, P. occidentalis</i><span>, HIR = 47), and buteos (</span><i>Buteo</i><span>&nbsp;sp., HIR = 30). Of the smaller flocking birds, blackbirds and starlings (mostly&nbsp;</span><i>Agelaius phoeniceus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Molothrus ater, Sturnus vulgaris</i><span>, HIR = 46), horned larks (</span><i>Eremophila alpestris</i><span>, HIR = 24), and swallows (Families Hirundinidae, Apodidae, HIR = 23) were species groups ranked highest. Coupling these results with local bird census data to adjust hazard rank indices to specific locations can facilitate hazard management and lead to meaningful reductions in hazards and costs associated with birdstrikes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[258:RTROWS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zakrajsek, E.J., and Bissonette, J.A., 2005, Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 1, p. 258-264, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[258:RTROWS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94b0e4b0c8380cd8156a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zakrajsek, E. J.","contributorId":94850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zakrajsek","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bissonette, John A.","contributorId":15503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bissonette","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029696,"text":"70029696 - 2005 - Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T13:19:11","indexId":"70029696","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seismic surveys in the eastern Albemarle Sound, adjacent tributaries and the inner continental shelf define the regional geologic framework and provide insight into the sedimentary evolution of the northern North Carolina coastal system. Litho- and chronostratigraphic data are derived from eight drill sites on the Outer Banks barrier islands, and the Mobil #1 well in eastern Albemarle Sound. Within the study area, parallel-bedded, gently dipping Miocene beds occur at 95 to &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>160 m below sea level (m bsl), and are overlain by a southward-thickening Pliocene unit characterized by steeply inclined, southward-prograding beds. The lower Pliocene unit consists of three seismic sequences. The 55–60 m thick Quaternary section unconformably overlies the Pliocene unit, and consists of 18 seismic sequences exhibiting numerous incised channel-fill facies. Shallow stratigraphy (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>40 m bsl) is dominated by complex fill patterns within the incised paleo-Roanoke River valley. Radiocarbon and amino-acid racemization (AAR) ages indicate that the valley-fill is latest Pleistocene to Holocene in age. At least six distinct valley-fill units are identified in the seismic data. Cores in the valley-fill contain a 3–6 m thick basal fluvial channel deposit that is overlain by a 15 m thick unit of interlaminated muds and sands of brackish water origin that exhibit increasing marine influence upwards. Organic materials within the interlaminated deposits have ages of 13–11 cal. ka. The interlaminated deposits within the valley are overlain by several units that comprise shallow marine sediments (bay-mouth and shoreface environments) that consist of silty, fine- to medium-grained sands containing open neritic foraminifera, suggesting that this area lacked a fronting barrier island system and was an open embayment from ∼10 ka to ∼4.5 ka. Seismic data show that initial infilling of the paleo-Roanoke River valley occurred from the north and west during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Later infilling occurred from the south and east and is characterized by a large shoal body (Colington Island and Shoals) and adjacent inlet fill. Establishment of a continuous barrier island system across the bay-mouth resulted in deposition of the latest phase of valley-fill, characterized by estuarine organic-rich muds.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Mallinson, D., Riggs, S., Thieler, E., Culver, S., Farrell, K., Foster, D., Corbett, D., Horton, B., and Wehmiller, J., 2005, Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA): Marine Geology, v. 217, no. 1-2, p. 97-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"117","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle Embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"217","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44f7e4b0c8380cd66f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mallinson, D.","contributorId":93686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riggs, S.","contributorId":104710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Culver, S.","contributorId":30450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farrell, K.","contributorId":95688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D.R.","contributorId":73791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Horton, B.","contributorId":25341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wehmiller, J.F.","contributorId":37891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70027926,"text":"70027926 - 2005 - Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70027926","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds","docAbstract":"Raptor diet is most commonly measured indirectly, by analyzing castings and prey remains, or directly, by observing prey deliveries from blinds. Indirect methods are not only time consuming, but there is evidence to suggest these methods may overestimate certain prey taxa within raptor diet. Remote video surveillance systems have been developed to aid in monitoring and data collection, but their use in field situations can be challenging and is often untested. To investigate diet and prey delivery rates of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis), we operated 10 remote camera systems at occupied nests during the breeding seasons of 1999 and 2000 in east-central Arizona. We collected 2458 hr of useable video and successfully identified 627 (93%) prey items at least to Class (Aves, Mammalia, or Reptilia). Of prey items identified to genus, we identified 344 (81%) mammals, 62 (15%) birds, and 16 (4%) reptiles. During camera operation, we also conducted observations from blinds at a subset of five nests to compare the relative efficiency and precision of both methods. Limited observations from blinds yielded fewer prey deliveries, and therefore, lower delivery rates (0.16 items/hr) than simultaneous video footage (0.28 items/hr). Observations from blinds resulted in fewer prey identified to the genus and species levels, when compared to data collected by remote cameras. Cameras provided a detailed and close view of nests, allowed for simultaneous recording at multiple nests, decreased observer bias and fatigue, and provided a permanent archive of data. ?? 2005 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Rogers, A.S., DeStefano, S., and Ingraldi, M., 2005, Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 303-309.","startPage":"303","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91bee4b0c8380cd8042d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, A. S.","contributorId":101448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"A.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingraldi, M.F.","contributorId":41214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingraldi","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027915,"text":"70027915 - 2005 - Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T20:04:09.276093","indexId":"70027915","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data","docAbstract":"Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is used to track a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) injection in a laboratory sand tank. Before modeling, the GPR data provide a qualitative image of DNAPL saturation and movement. One-dimensional (1D) GPR modeling provides a quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volume within a given thickness during and after the injection. DNAPL saturation in sublayers of a specified thickness could not be quantified because calibration of the 1D GPR model is nonunique when both permittivity and depth of multiple layers are unknown. One-dimensional GPR modeling of the sand tank indicates geometric interferences in a small portion of the tank. These influences are removed from the interpretation using an alternate matching target. Two-dimensional (2D) GPR modeling provides a qualitative interpretation of the DNAPL distribution through pattern matching and tests for possible 2D influences that are not accounted for in the 1D GPR modeling. Accurate quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volumes using GPR modeling requires (1) identification of a suitable target that produces a strong reflection and is not subject to any geometric interference; (2) knowledge of the exact depth of that target; and (3) use of two-way radar-wave travel times through the medium to the target to determine the permittivity of the intervening material, which eliminates reliance on signal amplitude. With geologic conditions that are suitable for GPR surveys (i.e., shallow depths, low electrical conductivities, and a known reflective target), the procedures in this laboratory study can be adapted to a field site to delineate shallow DNAPL source zones.","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0011.x","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Poeter, E.P., 2005, Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 25, no. 1, p. 159-169, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0011.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d8de4b0c8380cd63658","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":415779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poeter, Eileen P.","contributorId":78805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029607,"text":"70029607 - 2005 - Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029607","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"The geology and reservoir-engineering data were integrated in the 2002 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA). VVhereas geology defined the analog pools and fields and provided the basic information on sizes and numbers of hypothesized petroleum accumulations, reservoir engineering helped develop necessary equations and correlations, which allowed the determination of reservoir parameters for better quantification of in-place petroleum volumes and recoverable reserves. Seismic- and sequence-stratigraphic study of the NPRA resulted in identification of 24 plays. Depth ranges in these 24 plays, however, were typically greater than depth ranges of analog plays for which there were available data, necessitating the need for establishing correlations. The basic parameters required were pressure, temperature, oil and gas formation volume factors, liquid/gas ratios for the associated and nonassociated gas, and recovery factors. Finally, the re sults of U.S. Geological Survey deposit simulation were used in carrying out an economic evaluation, which has been separately published. Copyright ?? 2005. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/04040504055","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Verma, M., and Bird, K.J., 2005, Role of reservoir engineering in the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 89, no. 8, p. 1091-1111, https://doi.org/10.1306/04040504055.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1111","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/04040504055"}],"volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae67e4b0c8380cd870bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verma, M.K.","contributorId":90375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029628,"text":"70029628 - 2005 - Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029628","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3675,"text":"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index","docAbstract":"Data from an outbreak (August to October, 2002) of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis in a population of horses located in northern Indiana was scanned for clusters in time and space. One significant (p = 0.04) cluster of case premises was detected, occurring between September 4 and 10 in the south-west part of the study area (85.70??N, 45.50??W). It included 10 case premises (3.67 case premises expected) within a radius of 2264 m. Image data were acquired by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar-orbiting satellite. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from visible and near-infrared data of daily observations, which were composited to produce a weekly-1km2 resolution raster image product. During the epidemic, a significant (p<0.01) decrease (0.025 per week) in estimated NDVI was observed at all case and control premise sites. The median estimated NDVI (0.659) for case premises within the cluster identified was significantly (p<0.01) greater than the median estimated NDVI for other case (0.571) and control (0.596) premises during the same period. The difference in median estimated NDVI for case premises within this cluster, compared to cases not included in this cluster, was greatest (5.3% and 5.1%, respectively) at 1 and 5 weeks preceding occurrence of the cluster. The NDVI may be useful for identifying foci of WNV transmission. ?? Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2005.5.181","issn":"15303667","usgsCitation":"Ward, M., Ramsay, B., and Gallo, K., 2005, Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, v. 5, no. 2, p. 181-188, https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2005.5.181.","startPage":"181","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210545,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2005.5.181"},{"id":237500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaedde4b0c8380cd87273","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, M.P.","contributorId":15815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsay, B.H.","contributorId":64443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsay","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallo, K. 0000-0001-9162-5011 kgallo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9162-5011","contributorId":44655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"K.","email":"kgallo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027640,"text":"70027640 - 2005 - Climate science and famine early warning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:12:55","indexId":"70027640","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3048,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate science and famine early warning","docAbstract":"<p><span>Food security assessment in sub-Saharan Africa requires simultaneous consideration of multiple socio-economic and environmental variables. Early identification of populations at risk enables timely and appropriate action. Since large and widely dispersed populations depend on rainfed agriculture and pastoralism, climate monitoring and forecasting are important inputs to food security analysis. Satellite rainfall estimates (RFE) fill in gaps in station observations, and serve as input to drought index maps and crop water balance models. Gridded rainfall time-series give historical context, and provide a basis for quantitative interpretation of seasonal precipitation forecasts. RFE are also used to characterize flood hazards, in both simple indices and stream flow models. In the future, many African countries are likely to see negative impacts on subsistence agriculture due to the effects of global warming. Increased climate variability is forecast, with more frequent extreme events. Ethiopia requires special attention. Already facing a food security emergency, troubling persistent dryness has been observed in some areas, associated with a positive trend in Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures. Increased African capacity for rainfall observation, forecasting, data management and modelling applications is urgently needed. Managing climate change and increased climate variability require these fundamental technical capacities if creative coping strategies are to be devised.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2005.1754","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Verdin, J.P., Funk, C., Senay, G.B., and Choularton, R., 2005, Climate science and famine early warning: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 360, no. 1463, p. 2155-2168, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1754.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2155","endPage":"2168","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489831,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1569579","text":"External Repository"},{"id":237952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210884,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1754"}],"volume":"360","issue":"1463","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f654e4b0c8380cd4c6c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":414522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Choularton, R.","contributorId":64444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choularton","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029045,"text":"70029045 - 2005 - Freshwater mussel shells as environmental chronicles: Geochemical and taphonomic signatures of mercury-related extirpations in the North Fork Holston River, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70029045","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Freshwater mussel shells as environmental chronicles: Geochemical and taphonomic signatures of mercury-related extirpations in the North Fork Holston River, Virginia","docAbstract":"This study utilized freshwater mussel shells to assess mercury (Hg) contamination in the North Fork Holston River that extirpated (caused local extinctions of) a diverse mussel fauna. Shells (n = 366) were collected from five sites situated upstream (two sites), just below (one site), and downstream (two sites) of the town of Saltville, Virginia, where Hg was used to produce chlorine and caustic soda from 1950 to 1972. Shell samples were used to test the (1) utility of geochemical signatures of shells for assessing the spatial variation in Hg levels in the river relative to the contamination source and (2) value of taphonomy (postmortem shell alteration) for distinguishing sites that differ in extirpation histories. Geochemical signatures of 40 shells, analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy, indicated a strong longitudinal pattern. All shells from the two upstream sites had low Hg concentrations (<5-31 ??g/kg), shells directly below Saltville had variable, but dramatically higher concentrations (23-4637 ??g/kg), and shells from the two downstream sites displayed intermediate Hg levels (<5-115 ??g/kg) that declined with distance from Saltville. Two pre-industrial shells, collected at Saltville in 1917, yielded very low Hg estimates (5-6 ??g/kg). Hg signatures were consistent among mussel species, suggesting that Hg concentrations were invariant to species type; most likely, highly variable Hg levels, both across sites and through time, overwhelmed any interspecific differences in Hg acquisition. Also, a notable postmortem incorporation of Hg in mussel shells seemed unlikely, as the Hg content was not correlated with shell taphonomy (r = 0.18; p = 0.28). The taphonomic analysis (n = 366) showed that the degree of shell alteration reliably distinguished sites with different extirpation histories. At Saltville, where live mussels have been absent for at least 30 years, shells were most heavily altered and fragmented. Conversely, fresh-looking shells abounded upstream, where reproducing mussel populations are still present. In summary, relic shells offered valuable spatiotemporal data on Hg concentrations in a polluted ecosystem, and shell taphonomic signatures discriminated sites with different extirpation histories. The shell-based strategies exemplified here do not require sampling live specimens and may augment more standard strategies applied to environmental monitoring. The approach should prove especially useful in areas with unknown extirpation and pollution histories. ?? 2005 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es048573p","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Brown, M., Kowalewski, M., Neves, R.J., Cherry, D., and Schreiber, M., 2005, Freshwater mussel shells as environmental chronicles: Geochemical and taphonomic signatures of mercury-related extirpations in the North Fork Holston River, Virginia: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 6, p. 1455-1462, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048573p.","startPage":"1455","endPage":"1462","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477949,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170315-095527247","text":"External Repository"},{"id":236355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209682,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es048573p"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13e2e4b0c8380cd54800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, M.E.","contributorId":99680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kowalewski, M.","contributorId":8659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalewski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neves, R. J.","contributorId":30936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neves","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherry, D.S.","contributorId":87321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreiber, M.E.","contributorId":35920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027874,"text":"70027874 - 2005 - Effects of Hurricane Georges on habitat use by captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in the Dominican Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027874","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2967,"text":"Ornitologia Neotropical","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of Hurricane Georges on habitat use by captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in the Dominican Republic","docAbstract":"We radio-tagged and released 49 captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) in Parque Nacional del Este (PNE), Dominican Republic, during 1997 and 1998. Our primary objective was to develop a restoration program centered on using aviary-reared birds to further the recovery of the critically endangered Puerto Rican Parrot (A. vittata). Hurricane Georges made landfall over the release area on 22 September 1998 with sustained winds of 224 km/h, providing us with a unique opportunity to quantify responses of parrots to such disturbances. Quantitative data on such responses by any avian species are scarce, particularly for Amazona species, many of which are in peril and occur in hurricane-prone areas throughout the Caribbean. Mean home ranges of 18 parrots monitored both before and after the hurricane increased (P = 0.08) from 864 ha (CI = 689-1039 ha) pre-hurricane to 1690 ha (CI = 1003-2377 ha) post-hurricane. The total area traversed by all parrots increased > 300%, from 4884 ha pre-hurricane to 15,490 ha post-hurricane. Before Hurricane Georges, parrot activity was concentrated in coastal scrub, tall broadleaf forest, and abandoned agriculture (conucos). After the hurricane, parrots concentrated their activities in areas of tall broadleaf forest and abandoned conucos. Topographic relief, primarily in the form of large sinkholes, resulted in \"resource refugia\" where parrots and other frugivores foraged after the hurricane. Habitat use and movement patterns exhibited by released birds highlight the importance of carefully considering effects of season, topography, and overall size of release areas when planning psittacine restorations in hurricane-prone areas. ?? The Neotropical Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ornitologia Neotropical","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10754377","usgsCitation":"White, T., Collazo, J., Vilella, F., and Guerrero, S., 2005, Effects of Hurricane Georges on habitat use by captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in the Dominican Republic: Ornitologia Neotropical, v. 16, no. 3, p. 405-417.","startPage":"405","endPage":"417","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0655e4b0c8380cd511e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, T.H. Jr.","contributorId":55618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"T.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, J.A.","contributorId":35039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vilella, F. J.","contributorId":82025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilella","given":"F. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guerrero, S.A.","contributorId":19749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guerrero","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027974,"text":"70027974 - 2005 - Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T16:40:06","indexId":"70027974","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M","docAbstract":"<p>Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was first detected in Europe in 1987 in France and Italy, and later, in 1992, in Germany. The source of the virus and the route of introduction are unknown. The present study investigates the molecular epidemiology of IHNV outbreaks in Germany since its first introduction. The complete nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein (G) and non-virion (NV) genes from 9 IHNV isolates from Germany have been determined, and this has allowed the identification of characteristic differences between these isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of partial G gene sequences (mid-G, 303 nucleotides) from North American IHNV isolates (Kurath et al. 2003) has revealed 3 major genogroups, designated U, M and L. Using this gene region with 2 different North American IHNV data sets, it was possible to group the European IHNV strains within the M genogroup, but not in any previously defined subgroup. Analysis of the full length G gene sequences indicated that an independent evolution of IHN viruses had occurred in Europe. IHN viruses in Europe seem to be of a monophyletic origin, again most closely related to North American isolates in the M genogroup. Analysis of the NV gene sequences also showed the European isolates to be monophyletic, but resolution of the 3 genogroups was poor with this gene region. As a result of comparative sequence analyses, several different genotypes have been identified circulating in Europe. ?? Inter-Research 2005.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao066187","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Enzmann, P., Kurath, G., Fichtner, D., and Bergmann, S., 2005, Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Monophyletic origin of European isolates from North American Genogroup M: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 66, no. 3, p. 187-195, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao066187.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao066187","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ad4e4b0c8380cd61fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enzmann, P.-J.","contributorId":69349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enzmann","given":"P.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fichtner, D.","contributorId":57649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fichtner","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bergmann, S.M.","contributorId":17817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergmann","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027769,"text":"70027769 - 2005 - Assessing water source and channel type as factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblages in the highly urbanized Santa Ana River Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T12:59:53","indexId":"70027769","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing water source and channel type as factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblages in the highly urbanized Santa Ana River Basin, California","docAbstract":"The Santa Ana River basin is the largest stream system in Southern California and includes a densely populated coastal area. Extensive urbanization has altered the geomorphology and hydrology of the streams, adversely affecting aquatic communities. We studied macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblages in relation to two categorical features of the highly engineered hydrologic system-water source and channel type. Four water sources were identified-natural, urban-impacted groundwater, urban runoff, and treated wastewater. Three channel types were identified-natural, channelized with natural bottom, and concrete-lined. Nineteen sites, covering the range of these two categorical features, were sampled in summer 2000. To minimize the effects of different substrate types among sites, artificial substrates were used for assessing macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblages. Physical and chemical variables and metrics calculated from macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblage data were compared among water sources and channel types using analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests. Macroinvertebrate metrics exhibiting significant (P < 0.05) differences between water sources included taxa and Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera richness, relative richness and abundance of nonchironomid dipterans, orthoclads, oligochaetes, and some functional-feeding groups such as parasites and shredders. Periphyton metrics showing significant differences between water sources included blue-green algae biovolume and relative abundance of nitrogen heterotrophic, eutrophic, motile, and pollution-sensitive diatoms. The relative abundance of trichopterans, tanytarsini chironomids, noninsects, and filter feeders, as well as the relative richness and abundance of diatoms, were significantly different between channel types. Most physical variables were related to channel type, whereas chemical variables and some physical variables (e.g., discharge, velocity, and channel width) were related to water source. These associations were reflected in correlations between metrics, chemical variables, and physical variables. Significant improvements in the aquatic ecosystem of the Santa Ana River basin are possible with management actions such as conversion of concrete-lined channels to channelized streams with natural bottoms that can still maintain flood control to protect life and property.","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Burton, C.A., Brown, L.R., and Belitz, K., 2005, Assessing water source and channel type as factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate and periphyton assemblages in the highly urbanized Santa Ana River Basin, California: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 2005, no. 47, p. 239-262.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edf5e4b0c8380cd49b36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, Carmen A. 0000-0002-6381-8833 caburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-8833","contributorId":444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Carmen","email":"caburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027770,"text":"70027770 - 2005 - Site characterization in densely fractured dolomite: Comparison of methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027770","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site characterization in densely fractured dolomite: Comparison of methods","docAbstract":"One of the challenges in characterizing fractured-rock aquifers is determining whether the equivalent porous medium approximation is valid at the problem scale. Detailed hydrogeologic characterization completed at a small study site in a densely fractured dolomite has yielded an extensive data set that was used to evaluate the utility of the continuum and discrete-fracture approaches to aquifer characterization. There are two near-vertical sets of fractures at the site; near-horizontal bedding-plane partings constitute a third fracture set. Eighteen boreholes, including five coreholes, were drilled to a depth of ???10.6 m. Borehole geophysical logs revealed several laterally extensive horizontal fractures and dissolution zones. Flowmeter and short-interval packer testing identified which of these features were hydraulically important. A monitoring system, consisting of short-interval piezometers and multilevel samplers, was designed to monitor four horizontal fractures and two dissolution zones. The resulting network consisted of >70 sampling points and allowed detailed monitoring of head distributions in three dimensions. Comparison of distributions of hydraulic head - and hydraulic conductivity determined by these two approaches suggests that even in a densely fractured-carbonate aquifer, a characterization approach using traditional long-interval monitoring wells is inadequate to characterize ground water movement for the purposes of regulatory monitoring or site remediation. In addition, traditional multiwell pumping tests yield an average or bulk hydraulic conductivity that is not adequate for predicting rapid ground water travel times through the fracture network, and the pumping test response does not appear to be an adequate tool for assessing whether the porous medium approximation is valid. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00091.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Muldoon, M., and Bradbury, K.R., 2005, Site characterization in densely fractured dolomite: Comparison of methods: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 6, p. 863-876, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00091.x.","startPage":"863","endPage":"876","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00091.x"},{"id":238281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90f0e4b08c986b3196ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muldoon, M.","contributorId":17825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muldoon","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027803,"text":"70027803 - 2005 - Seasonal variability of aerosol optical depth over Indian subcontinent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027803","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Seasonal variability of aerosol optical depth over Indian subcontinent","docAbstract":"Ganga basin extends 2000 km E-W and about 400 km N-S and is bounded by Himalayas in the north. This basin is unequivocally found to be affected by high aerosols optical depth (AOD) (>0.6) throughout the year. Himalayas restricts movement of aerosols toward north and as a result dynamic nature of aerosol is seen over the Ganga basin. High AOD in this region has detrimental effects on health of more than 460 million people living in this part of India besides adversely affecting clouds formation, monsoonal rainfall pattern and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Severe drought events (year 2002) in Ganga basin and unexpected failure of monsoon several times, occurred in different parts of Indian subcontinent. Significant rise in AOD (18.7%) over the central part of basin (Kanpur region) have been found to cause substantial decrease in NDVI (8.1%) since 2000. A negative relationship is observed between AOD and NDVI, magnitude of which differs from region to region. Efforts have been made to determine general distribution of AOD and its dominant departure in recent years spatially using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The seasonal changes in aerosol optical depth over the Indo-Gangetic basin is found to very significant as a result of the increasing dust storm events in recent years. ?? 2005 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005","conferenceTitle":"3rd International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005","conferenceDate":"16 May 2005 through 18 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Biloxi, MS","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469835","isbn":"0780391187; 9780780391185","usgsCitation":"Prasad, A., Singh, R., Singh, A., and Kafatos, M., 2005, Seasonal variability of aerosol optical depth over Indian subcontinent, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005, v. 2005, Biloxi, MS, 16 May 2005 through 18 May 2005, p. 35-38, https://doi.org/10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469835.","startPage":"35","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211052,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AMTRSI.2005.1469835"},{"id":238211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88e4e4b08c986b316c0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prasad, A.K.","contributorId":86956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prasad","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singh, R.P.","contributorId":68095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singh, A.","contributorId":61211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kafatos, M.","contributorId":23753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kafatos","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027558,"text":"70027558 - 2005 - The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027558","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management","docAbstract":"The increasing complexity of water- and environmental-resource problems require modeling approaches that incorporate knowledge from a broad range of scientific and software disciplines. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the Modular Modeling System (MMS). MMS is an integrated system of computer software for model development, integration, and application. Its modular design allows a high level of flexibility and adaptability to enable modelers to incorporate their own software into a rich array of built-in models and modeling tools. These include individual process models, tightly coupled models, loosely coupled models, and fully- integrated decision support systems. A geographic information system (GIS) interface, the USGS GIS Weasel, has been integrated with MMS to enable spatial delineation and characterization of basin and ecosystem features, and to provide objective parameter-estimation methods for models using available digital data. MMS provides optimization and sensitivity-analysis tools to analyze model parameters and evaluate the extent to which uncertainty in model parameters affects uncertainty in simulation results. MMS has been coupled with the Bureau of Reclamation object-oriented reservoir and river-system modeling framework, RiverWare, to develop models to evaluate and apply optimal resource-allocation and management strategies to complex, operational decisions on multipurpose reservoir systems and watersheds. This decision support system approach has been developed, tested, and implemented in the Gunnison, Yakima, San Joaquin, Rio Grande, and Truckee River basins of the western United States. MMS is currently being coupled with the U.S. Forest Service model SIMulating Patterns and Processes at Landscape Scales (SIMPPLLE) to assess the effects of alternative vegetation-management strategies on a variety of hydrological and ecological responses. Initial development and testing of the MMS-SIMPPLLE integration is being conducted on the Colorado Plateau region of the western United Sates.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Leavesley, G., Markstrom, S., Viger, R., and Hay, L., 2005, The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005, p. 435-436.","startPage":"435","endPage":"436","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7fae4b08c986b32191d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536617,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markstrom, S.L.","contributorId":76807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027563,"text":"70027563 - 2005 - Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027563","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data","docAbstract":"The Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents formed the Tibetan plateau, beginning about 70 million years ago. Since this time, at least 1,400 km of convergence has been accommodated by a combination of underthrusting of Indian and Asian lithosphere, crustal shortening, horizontal extrusion and lithospheric delamination. Rocks exposed in the Himalaya show evidence of crustal melting and are thought to have been exhumed by rapid erosion and climatically forced crustal flow. Magnetotelluric data can be used to image subsurface electrical resistivity, a parameter sensitive to the presence of interconnected fluids in the host rock matrix, even at low volume fractions. Here we present magnetotelluric data from the Tibetan-Himalayan orogen from 77??E to 92??E, which show that low resistivity, interpreted as a partially molten layer, is present along at least 1,000 km of the southern margin of the Tibetan plateau. The inferred low viscosity of this layer is consistent with the development of climatically forced crustal flow in Southern Tibet. ?? 2005 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04154","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Unsworth, M., Jones, A., Wei, W., Marquis, G., Gokarn, S., Spratt, J., Bedrosian, P., Booker, J., Leshou, C., Clarke, G., Shenghui, L., Chanhong, L., Ming, D., Sheng, J., Solon, K., Handong, T., Ledo, J., and Roberts, B., 2005, Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data: Nature, v. 438, no. 7064, p. 78-81, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04154.","startPage":"78","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211221,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04154"},{"id":238453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"438","issue":"7064","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fce2e4b0c8380cd4e4b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Unsworth, M.J.","contributorId":45895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unsworth","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, A.G.","contributorId":35941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, W.","contributorId":75328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marquis, G.","contributorId":18969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marquis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gokarn, S.G.","contributorId":64447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gokarn","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spratt, J.E.","contributorId":91294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spratt","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bedrosian, P.","contributorId":53158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Booker, J.","contributorId":20540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booker","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Leshou, C.","contributorId":79286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leshou","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Clarke, G.","contributorId":22572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Shenghui, L.","contributorId":71760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shenghui","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chanhong, L.","contributorId":87359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chanhong","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ming, D.","contributorId":107921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sheng, J.","contributorId":28428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheng","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Solon, K.","contributorId":34715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solon","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Handong, T.","contributorId":10993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handong","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ledo, J.","contributorId":56024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ledo","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Roberts, B.","contributorId":16169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70028183,"text":"70028183 - 2005 - Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028183","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation","docAbstract":"Natural waters universally show fractionation of uranium series (U-series) parent-daughter pairs, with the disequilibrium between 234U and 238U (234U)/(238U) commonly used as a tracer of groundwater flow. Because speleothems provide a temporal record of geochemical variations in groundwater precipitating calcite, (234U)/(238U) variations in speleothems provide a unique method of investigating water-rock interaction processes over millennium time scales. We present high precision Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric (TIMS) U-series analyses of speleothems and drip waters from Fogelpole Cave in southern Illinois. Data from all speleothems from the cave show an inverse correlation between (234U)/(238U) and U concentration, following the pattern observed in groundwaters globally. Within a 65-cm-long stalagmite, concordant 234U-238 U-230Th and 235U-231Pa ages for 5 samples indicate accurate chronology from 78.5 ka to 30 ka. Notably, (234U)/(238U)o which differs from most speleothems by having (234U)/(238U)o <1, positively correlates with speleothem growth rate. We generalize this to the observation that speleothems globally show (234U)/ (238U)o deviating farther from secular equilibrium at lower growth rates and approaching secular equilibrium at higher grow rates. Based on the Fogelpole observations, we suggest that groundwater (234U)/(238U) is controlled by the U oxidation state, the U concentration of the water and the fluid velocity. A transport model whereby U-series nuclides react and exchange with mineral surfaces can reproduce the observed trend between growth rate and (234U)/(238U)o. Based on this result, we suggest that (234U)/(238U)o in speleothems may record changes in hydrologic flux with time and thus could provide a useful proxy for long term records of paleoprecipitation. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Zhou, J., Lundstrom, C., Fouke, B., Panno, S., Hackley, K., and Curry, B., 2005, Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation: Chemical Geology, v. 221, no. 1-2, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210096,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005"},{"id":236914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1714e4b0c8380cd5538e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, Juanzuo","contributorId":59217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Juanzuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lundstrom, C.C.","contributorId":72997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fouke, B.","contributorId":31187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fouke","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Panno, S.","contributorId":42016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hackley, K.","contributorId":44343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Curry, B.","contributorId":89320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}