Maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada, produced by Oregon State University's Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS) and the Alaska Geospatial Data Clearinghouse (AGDC), were analyzed. Because both sets of maps are generally available and in use by the community, there is a need to document differences between the processes and input data sets used by the two groups to produce their respective set of maps and to identify similarities and differences between the two sets of maps and possible reasons for the differences. These differences do not affect the observed large-scale patterns of seasonal and annual variability. Alaska is divided into interior and coastal zones, with consistent but different variability, separated by a transition region. The transition region has high interannual variability but low long-term mean variability. Both data sets support the four major ecosystems and ecosystem transition zone identified in our earlier work. Differences between the two sets of maps do occur, however, on the regional scale; they reflect differences in physiographic domains and in the treatment of these domains by the two groups (AGDC, SCAS). These differences also provide guidance for an improved observational network for Alaska. On the basis of validation with independent in situ data, we conclude that the data set produced by SCAS provides the best spatial coverage of Alaskan long-term mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation currently available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic407","usgsCitation":"Simpson, J.J., Hufford, G.L., Daly, C., Berg, J.S., and Fleming, M.D., 2005, Comparing maps of mean monthly surface temperature and precipitation for Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada produced by two different methods: Arctic, v. 58, no. 2, p. 137-161, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic407.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"161","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 52.74959372674114\n ],\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 65.94647177615738\n ],\n [\n -127.17773437499999,\n 69.80930869552193\n ],\n [\n -143.96484375,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -159.169921875,\n 71.46912418989677\n ],\n [\n -168.3984375,\n 68.84766505841037\n ],\n [\n -170.15625,\n 64.8115572502203\n ],\n [\n -172.529296875,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -169.27734375,\n 52.429222277955134\n ],\n [\n -149.85351562499997,\n 57.468589192089354\n ],\n [\n -145.98632812499997,\n 59.57885104663186\n ],\n [\n -137.8125,\n 57.562995459387146\n ],\n [\n -132.36328125,\n 50.90303283111257\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 52.74959372674114\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f836e4b0c8380cd4cf45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, James J.","contributorId":58811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hufford, Gary L.","contributorId":78502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hufford","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daly, Christopher","contributorId":83330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, Jared S.","contributorId":78912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleming, Michael D.","contributorId":102638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029470,"text":"70029470 - 2005 - Mapping and prediction of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis with bioavailable iron content in the bituminous coals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029470","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping and prediction of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis with bioavailable iron content in the bituminous coals","docAbstract":"Based on the first National Study of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (CWP) and the U.S. Geological Survey database of coal quality, we show that the prevalence of CWP in seven coal mine regions correlates with levels of bioavailable iron (BAI) in the coals from that particular region (correlation coefficient r = 0.94, p < 0.0015). CWP prevalence is also correlated with contents of pyritic sulfur (r = 0.91, p < 0.0048) or total iron (r = 0.85, p < 0.016) but not with coal rank (r = 0.59, p < 0.16) or silica (r = 0.28, p < 0.54). BAI was calculated using our model, taking into account chemical interactions of pyrite, sulfuric acid, calcite, and total iron. That is, iron present in coals can become bioavailable by pyrite oxidation, which produces ferrous sulfate and sulfuric acid. Calcite is the major component in coals that neutralizes the available acid and inhibits iron's bioavailabiity. Therefore, levels of BAI in the coals are determined by the available amounts of acid after neutralization of calcite and the amount of total iron in the coals. Using the linear fit of CWP prevalence and the calculated BAI in the seven coal mine regions, we have derived and mapped the pneumoconiotic potencies of 7,000 coal samples. Our studies indicate that levels of BAI in the coals may be used to predict coal's toxicity, even before large-scalen mining.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Health Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1289/ehp.7679","issn":"00916765","usgsCitation":"Huang, X., Li, W., Attfield, M., Nadas, A., Frenkel, K., and Finkelman, R.B., 2005, Mapping and prediction of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis with bioavailable iron content in the bituminous coals: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 113, no. 8, p. 964-968, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7679.","startPage":"964","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477906,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7679","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7679"},{"id":237886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5050e4b0c8380cd6b5db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, X.","contributorId":43161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, W.","contributorId":85361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Attfield, M.D.","contributorId":91681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attfield","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nadas, A.","contributorId":24161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadas","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frenkel, K.","contributorId":9451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenkel","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029468,"text":"70029468 - 2005 - The seismic project of the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029468","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The seismic project of the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program","docAbstract":"In 1997, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and the five western States of Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington joined in a partnership called the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program (NTHMP) to enhance the quality and quantity of seismic data provided to the NOAA tsunami warning centers in Alaska and Hawaii. The NTHMP funded a seismic project that now provides the warning centers with real-time seismic data over dedicated communication links and the Internet from regional seismic networks monitoring earthquakes in the five western states, the U.S. National Seismic Network in Colorado, and from domestic and global seismic stations operated by other agencies. The goal of the project is to reduce the time needed to issue a tsunami warning by providing the warning centers with high-dynamic range, broadband waveforms in near real time. An additional goal is to reduce the likelihood of issuing false tsunami warnings by rapidly providing to the warning centers parametric information on earthquakes that could indicate their tsunamigenic potential, such as hypocenters, magnitudes, moment tensors, and shake distribution maps. New or upgraded field instrumentation was installed over a 5-year period at 53 seismic stations in the five western states. Data from these instruments has been integrated into the seismic network utilizing Earthworm software. This network has significantly reduced the time needed to respond to teleseismic and regional earthquakes. Notably, the West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center responded to the 28 February 2001 Mw 6.8 Nisqually earthquake beneath Olympia, Washington within 2 minutes compared to an average response time of over 10 minutes for the previous 18 years. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11069-004-2404-2","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Oppenheimer, D.H., Bittenbinder, A., Bogaert, B., Buland, R., Dietz, L., Hansen, R., Malone, S.D., McCreery, C., Sokolowski, T., Whitmore, P., and Weaver, C., 2005, The seismic project of the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program: Natural Hazards, v. 35, no. 1, p. 59-72, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-004-2404-2.","startPage":"59","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210817,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-004-2404-2"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb007e4b08c986b324ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oppenheimer, D. H.","contributorId":18395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bittenbinder, A.N.","contributorId":6247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bittenbinder","given":"A.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bogaert, B.M.","contributorId":103462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogaert","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buland, R.P.","contributorId":85233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buland","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dietz, L.D.","contributorId":50720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietz","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hansen, R.A.","contributorId":84970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Malone, S. D.","contributorId":48310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCreery, C.S.","contributorId":59233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCreery","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sokolowski, T.J.","contributorId":12683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sokolowski","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Whitmore, P.M.","contributorId":92040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70029463,"text":"70029463 - 2005 - Genetic effects of a large-scale Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) dieback and recovery in the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T10:08:46","indexId":"70029463","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic effects of a large-scale Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) dieback and recovery in the northern Gulf of Mexico","title":"Genetic effects of a large-scale Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) dieback and recovery in the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"A large-scale dieback event struck marshes along the northwestern Gulf of Mexico coast during summer 2000, in apparent response to a prolonged and severe drought. Along the Louisiana coast, large areas of the dominant marsh species, Spartina alterniflora, turned brown, followed by death of at least the aboveground structures of entire plant mortality. Key ecological and genetic measures were studied in a dieback-affected marsh in southwest Louisiana (C83 marsh, Sabine National Wildlife Refuge), for which existed predieback ecologic and genetic datasets. Effects on genetic diversity only were studied in a second set of sites in southeastern Louisiana (near Bay Junop), where the dieback was more widespread. We hypothesized that stem density, live aboveground biomass, and genetic diversity would be significantly reduced compared to predieback conditions and to nearby unaffected marshes. Stem densities and biomass levels approached predieback conditions 14 months after first observance of the dieback in the Sabine marsh and were similar to or exceeded the same measures for a nearby unaffected marsh. DNA extracted from leaf samples in the Sabine and Bay Junop sites was used to construct genotype profiles using AFLPs and analyzed using the complement of Simpson’s Index (1-D), the richness measure G/N, average heterozygosity , and the estimated proportion of polymorphic genes.
. Genetic diversity was relatively unaffected by the dieback at either the Sabine or Bay Junop sites. Evidence from field observations and the results of the genetic analyses suggest that seedling recruitment is an important factor in the recovery of both the Bay Junop and C83 sites, although re-growth from surviving below-ground rhizomes appeared to dominate recovery at the latter site. Survival of below-ground structures, leading to the rapid recovery observed, indicates a high level of resilience of the Sabine marsh to drought-induced stress. Still, the genetic diversity ofS. alterniflora-dominated marshes may be promoted by occasional disturbance events, which produce open areas in which seedling recruitment can occur.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02732855","issn":"01608347","usgsCitation":"Edwards, K., Travis, S., and Proffitt, C., 2005, Genetic effects of a large-scale Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) dieback and recovery in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Estuaries, v. 28, no. 2, p. 204-214, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732855.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Sabine National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.835878945929952\n ],\n [\n -93.31512451171875,\n 29.835878945929952\n ],\n [\n -93.31512451171875,\n 29.966832283731062\n ],\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.966832283731062\n ],\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.835878945929952\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1576e4b0c8380cd54e17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, K.R.","contributorId":37127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Travis, S.E. 0000-0001-9338-8953","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9338-8953","contributorId":28718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Proffitt, C.E. 0000-0002-0845-8441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8441","contributorId":47339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029457,"text":"70029457 - 2005 - Reconstructing a 180 yr record of natural and anthropogenic induced low-oxygen conditions from Louisiana continental shelf sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029457","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing a 180 yr record of natural and anthropogenic induced low-oxygen conditions from Louisiana continental shelf sediments","docAbstract":"Hypoxia on the Louisiana continental shelf is tied to nutrient Loading and freshwater stratification from the Mississippi River. Variations in the relative abundance of low-oxygen-tolerant benthic foraminifers in four sediment cores from the Louisiana shelf provide a proxy record of low-oxygen events. Core chronologies are obtained using 210Pb dating techniques. The foraminiferal data are consistent with previous studies indicating that the intensity of hypoxic events (oxygen <2 mg /L) has increased over the past 50 yr owing to the higher nutrient loading associated with the use of commercial fertilizer, and also reveal several low-oxygen events between A.D. 1817 and 1910, prior to the widespread use of fertilizer. The pre-1910 low-oxygen events are associated with high Mississippi River discharge rates, indicating that these low-oxygen episodes are related to natural variations in river drainage that enhance transport of nutrients and freshwater to the continental shelf. Our data show that the low-oxygen events of the past few decades were more extreme than any that occurred in the previous ???180 yr, and support the interpretation that the increased use of fertilizer has amplified an otherwise naturally occurring process. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G21341.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Osterman, L., Poore, R., Swarzenski, P., and Turner, R., 2005, Reconstructing a 180 yr record of natural and anthropogenic induced low-oxygen conditions from Louisiana continental shelf sediments: Geology, v. 33, no. 4, p. 329-332, https://doi.org/10.1130/G21341.1.","startPage":"329","endPage":"332","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210677,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G21341.1"},{"id":237672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24ce4b0e8fec6cdb55c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterman, L.E.","contributorId":53836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterman","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027667,"text":"70027667 - 2005 - Delineating priority habitat areas for the conservation of Andean bears in northern Ecuador","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027667","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delineating priority habitat areas for the conservation of Andean bears in northern Ecuador","docAbstract":"We sought to identify priority areas for the conservation of Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) habitat in the northern portion of the eastern Andean cordillera in Ecuador. The study area included pa??ramo and montane forest habitats within the Antisana and Cayambe-Coca ecological reserves, and unprotected areas north of these reserves with elevations ranging from 1,800 to 4,300 m. We collected data on bear occurrence along 53 transects during 2000-01 in the Oyacachi River basin, an area of indigenous communities within the Cayambe-Coca Ecological Reserve. We used those data and a set of 7 environmental variables to predict suitability of Andean bear habitat using Mahalanobis distance, a multivariate measure of dissimilarity. The Mahalanobis distance values were classified into 5 classes of habitat suitability and generalized to a resolution of 1,650-m ?? 1,650-m grid cells. Clusters of grid cells with high suitability values were delineated from the generalized model and denned as important habitat areas (IHAs) for conservation. The IHAs were ranked using a weighted index that included factors of elevation range, influence from disturbed areas, and current conservation status. We identified 12 IHAs, which were mainly associated with pa??ramo and cloud forest habitats; 2 of these areas have high conservation priorities because they are outside existing reserves and close to areas of human pressure. The distribution of the IHAs highlighted the role of human land use as the main source of fragmentation of Andean bear habitat in this region, emphasizing the importance of preserving habitat connectivity to allow the seasonal movements among habitat types that we documented for this species. Furthermore, the existence of areas with high habitat suitability close to areas of intense human use indicates the importance of bear-human conflict management as a critical Andean bear conservation strategy. We suggest that a promising conservation opportunity for this species is linked to its occurrence in highland habitats, which play a key role in the maintenance of long-term water supplies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ursus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0222:DPHAFT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15376176","usgsCitation":"Peralvo, M., Cuesta, F., and Van Manen, F., 2005, Delineating priority habitat areas for the conservation of Andean bears in northern Ecuador: Ursus, v. 16, no. 2, p. 222-233, https://doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0222:DPHAFT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"222","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211172,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0222:DPHAFT]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe61e4b0c8380cd4ecee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peralvo, M.F.","contributorId":8672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peralvo","given":"M.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuesta, F.","contributorId":79696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuesta","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Manen, F.","contributorId":25329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Manen","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029439,"text":"70029439 - 2005 - Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:51:29.484583","indexId":"70029439","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft","docAbstract":"Collisions between birds and aircraft (birdstrikes) pose a major threat to aviation safety. Different species pose different levels of threat; thus, identification of the most hazardous species can help managers identify the level of hazard and prioritize mitigation efforts. Dolbeer et al. (2000) assessed the hazard posed by birds to civilian aircraft by analyzing data from the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Wildlife Strike Database to rank the hazardous species and species groups. A similar analysis has not been done for the military but would be useful and necessary. Military flight characteristics differ from those of civilian flights. During the period 1985–1998, birdstrikes cost the United States Air Force (USAF) an average of $35 million/year in damage. Using the USAF Birdstrike Database, we selected and evaluated each species or species group by the number of strikes recorded in each of 3 damage categories. We weighted damage categories to reflect extent and cost of damage. The USAF Birdstrike Database contained 25,519 records of wildlife strikes in the United States. During the period 1985–1998, 22 (mean = 1.6/year) Class-A birdstrikes (>$1,000,000 damage, loss of aircraft, loss of life, or permanent total disability) were sustained, accounting for 80% of total monetary losses caused by birds. Vultures (Cathartes aura, Coragyps atratus, Caracara cheriway) were ranked the most hazardous species group (Hazard Index Rank [HIR] = 127) to USAF aircraft, followed by geese (Branta canadensis, Chen caerulescens, HIR = 76), pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, P. occidentalis, HIR = 47), and buteos (Buteo sp., HIR = 30). Of the smaller flocking birds, blackbirds and starlings (mostly Agelaius phoeniceus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Molothrus ater, Sturnus vulgaris, HIR = 46), horned larks (Eremophila alpestris, HIR = 24), and swallows (Families Hirundinidae, Apodidae, HIR = 23) were species groups ranked highest. Coupling these results with local bird census data to adjust hazard rank indices to specific locations can facilitate hazard management and lead to meaningful reductions in hazards and costs associated with birdstrikes.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[258:RTROWS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zakrajsek, E.J., and Bissonette, J.A., 2005, Ranking the risk of wildlife species hazardous to military aircraft: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 1, p. 258-264, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[258:RTROWS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94b0e4b0c8380cd8156a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zakrajsek, E. J.","contributorId":94850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zakrajsek","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bissonette, John A.","contributorId":15503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bissonette","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027664,"text":"70027664 - 2005 - Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027664","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision","docAbstract":"Previous site-specific studies designed to assess the impacts of unsewered subdivisions on ground water quality have relied on upgradient monitoring wells or very limited background data to characterize conditions prior to development. In this study, an extensive monitoring program was designed to document ground water conditions prior to construction of a rural subdivision in south-central Wisconsin. Previous agricultural land use has impacted ground water quality; concentrations of chloride, nitrate-nitrogen, and atrazine ranged from below the level of detection to 296 mg/L, 36 mg/L, and 0.8 ??g/L, respectively, and were highly variable from well to well and through time. Seasonal variations in recharge, surface topography, aquifer heterogeneities, surficial loading patterns, and well casing depth explain observed variations in ground water chemistry. This variability would not have been detected if background conditions were determined from only a few monitoring wells or inferred from wells located upgradient of the subdivision site. This project demonstrates the importance of characterizing both ground water quality and chemical variability prior to land-use change to detect any changes once homes are constructed. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, J., Bradbury, K.R., Thomas, C.L., and Bahr, J., 2005, Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 6, p. 787-795, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x.","startPage":"787","endPage":"795","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00044.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edcce4b0c8380cd499f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, J.D.","contributorId":107920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, C. L.","contributorId":43802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bahr, J.M.","contributorId":62346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029433,"text":"70029433 - 2005 - A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T19:39:08","indexId":"70029433","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","docAbstract":"The shape and configuration of branched networks influence ecological patterns and processes. Recent investigations of network influences in riverine ecology stress the need to quantify spatial structure not only in a two-dimensional plane, but also in networks. An initial step in understanding data from stream networks is discerning non-random patterns along the network. On the other hand, data collected in the network may be spatially autocorrelated and thus not suitable for traditional statistical analyses. Here we provide a method that uses commercially available software to construct an empirical variogram to describe spatial pattern in the relative abundance of coastal cutthroat trout in headwater stream networks. We describe the mathematical and practical considerations involved in calculating a variogram using a non-Euclidean distance metric to incorporate the network pathway structure in the analysis of spatial variability, and use a non-parametric technique to ascertain if the pattern in the empirical variogram is non-random.
","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ganio, L., Torgersen, C., and Gresswell, R., 2005, A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 3, p. 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e407e4b0c8380cd46368","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganio, L.M.","contributorId":101223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganio","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, C.E.","contributorId":34459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029425,"text":"70029425 - 2005 - An analysis of region-of-influence methods for flood regionalization in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T13:21:58.101417","indexId":"70029425","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analysis of region-of-influence methods for flood regionalization in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains","docAbstract":"Region-of-influence (RoI) approaches for estimating stream flow characteristics at ungaged sites were applied and evaluated in a case study of the 50-year peak discharge in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains of the southeastern United States. Linear regression against basin characteristics was performed for each ungaged site considered based on data from a region of influence containing the n closest gages in predictor variable (PRoI) or geographic (GRoI) space. Augmentation of this count based cutoff by a distance based cutoff also was considered. Prediction errors were evaluated for an independent (split-sampled) dataset. For the dataset and metrics considered here: (1) for either PRoI or GRoI, optimal results were found when the simpler count based cutoff, rather than the distance augmented cutoff, was used; (2) GRoI produced lower error than PRoI when applied indiscriminately over the entire study region; (3) PRoI performance improved considerably when Rol was restricted to predefined geographic subregions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03723.x","usgsCitation":"Eng, K., Tasker, G.D., and Milly, P., 2005, An analysis of region-of-influence methods for flood regionalization in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, no. 1, p. 135-143, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03723.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"143","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9f1e4b0c8380cd48545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eng, Ken 0000-0001-6838-5849 keng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-5849","contributorId":3580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eng","given":"Ken","email":"keng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milly, P. C. D.","contributorId":100489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"P. C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029424,"text":"70029424 - 2005 - Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T13:14:11","indexId":"70029424","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b","title":"Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b","docAbstract":"Taxonomic relationships among red tree voles (Phenacomys longicaudus longicaudus, P. l. silvicola), the Sonoma tree vole (P. pomo), the white-footed vole (P. albipes), and the heather vole (P. intermedius) were examined using 664 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results indicate specific differences among red tree voles, Sonoma tree voles, white-footed voles, and heather voles, but no clear difference between the 2 Oregon subspecies of red tree voles (P. l. longicaudus and P. l. silvicola). Our data further indicated a close relationship between tree voles and albipes, validating inclusion of albipes in the subgenus Arborimus. These 3 congeners shared a closer relationship to P. intermedius than to other arvicolids. A moderate association between porno and albipes was indicated by maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining phylogenetic analyses. Molecular clock estimates suggest a Pleistocene radiation of the Arborimus clade, which is concordant with pulses of diversification observed in other murid rodents. The generic rank of Arborimus is subject to interpretation of data.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0201:TRAPVA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bellinger, M., Haig, S.M., Forsman, E., and Mullins, T., 2005, Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 86, no. 1, p. 201-210, https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0201:TRAPVA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"210","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0201:trapva>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3ebe4b08c986b31ffa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bellinger, M.R.","contributorId":107489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellinger","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullins, T.D.","contributorId":26046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029420,"text":"70029420 - 2005 - Factors controlling tungsten concentrations in ground water, Carson Desert, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:02:28","indexId":"70029420","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors controlling tungsten concentrations in ground water, Carson Desert, Nevada","docAbstract":"n investigation of a childhood leukemia cluster by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revealed that residents of the Carson Desert, Nevada, are exposed to high levels of W and this prompted an investigation of W in aquifers used as drinking water sources. Tungsten concentrations in 100 ground water samples from all aquifers used as drinking water sources in the area ranged from 0.27 to 742 μg/l. Ground water in which W concentrations exceed 50 μg/l principally occurs SE of Fallon in a geothermal area. The principal sources of W in ground water are natural and include erosion of W-bearing mineral deposits in the Carson River watershed upstream of Fallon, and, possibly, upwelling geothermal waters. Ground water in the Fallon area is strongly reducing and reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides may be releasing W; however, direct evidence that the metal oxides contain W is not available.
Although W and Cl concentrations in the Carson River, a lake, and water from many wells, appear to be controlled by evaporative concentration, evaporation alone cannot explain the elevated W concentrations found in water from some of the wells. Concentrations of W exceeding 50 μg/l are exclusively associated with
The geochemical model PHREEQC was used to calculate IAP values, which were compared with published Ksp values for primary W minerals. FeWO4, MnWO4, Na2WO4, and MgWO4 were undersaturated and CaWO4 and SrWO4were approaching saturation. These conclusions are tentative because of uncertainty in the thermodynamic data.
The similar behavior of As and W observed in this study suggests ground water in areas where elevated As concentrations are present also may contain elevated W concentrations, particularly if there is a mineral or geothermal source of W and reducing conditions develop in the aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.002","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Seiler, R.L., Stollenwerk, K., and Garbarino, J., 2005, Factors controlling tungsten concentrations in ground water, Carson Desert, Nevada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 2, p. 423-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.002.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"441","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Carson Desert ","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ec0e4b0c8380cd535e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seiler, R. L.","contributorId":87546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seiler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, K.G.","contributorId":71199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"K.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garbarino, J.R.","contributorId":76326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029416,"text":"70029416 - 2005 - Constraints on fault slip rates of the southern California plate boundary from GPS velocity and stress inversions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029416","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on fault slip rates of the southern California plate boundary from GPS velocity and stress inversions","docAbstract":"We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocities and stress orientations inferred from seismicity to invert for the distribution of slip on faults in the southern California plate-boundary region. Of particular interest is how long-term slip rates are partitioned between the Indio segment of the San Andreas fault (SAF), the San Jacinto fault (SJF) and the San Bernardino segment of the SAE We use two new sets of constraints to address this problem. The first is geodetic velocities from the Southern California Earthquake Center's (SCEC) Crustal Motion Map (version 3 by Shen et al.), which includes significantly more data than previous models. The second is a regional model of stress-field orientations at seismogenic depths, as determined from earthquake focal mechanisms. While GPS data have been used in similar studies before, this is the first application of stress-field observations to this problem. We construct a simplified model of the southern California fault system, and estimate the interseismic surface velocities using a backslip approach with purely elastic strain accumulation, following Meade et al. In addition, we model the stress orientations at seismogenic depths, assuming that crustal stress results from the loading of active faults. The geodetically derived stressing rates are found to be aligned with the stress orientations from seismicity. We therefore proceed to invert simultaneously GPS and stress observations for slip rates of the faults in our network. We find that the regional patterns of crustal deformation as imaged by both data sets can be explained by our model, and that joint inversions lead to better constrained slip rates. In our preferred model, the SJF accommodates ???15 mm yr-1 and the Indio segment of the SAF ???23 mm yr-1 of right-lateral motion, accompanied by a low slip rate on the San Bernardino segment of the SAF 'Anomalous' fault segments such as around the 1992 Mw = 7.3 Landers surface rupture can be detected. There, observed stresses deviate strongly from the long-term loading as predicted by our simple model. Evaluation of model misfits together with information from palaeoseismology may provide further insights into the time dependence of strain accumulation along the San Andreas system. ?? 2004 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02528.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Becker, T., Hardebeck, J., and Anderson, G., 2005, Constraints on fault slip rates of the southern California plate boundary from GPS velocity and stress inversions: Geophysical Journal International, v. 160, no. 2, p. 634-650, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02528.x.","startPage":"634","endPage":"650","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477890,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2004.02528.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210623,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02528.x"},{"id":237599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"160","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa0be4b0c8380cd4d8d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, T.W.","contributorId":36740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardebeck, J.L.","contributorId":98862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, G.","contributorId":26490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029405,"text":"70029405 - 2005 - A method for the use of landscape metrics in freshwater research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:14:37","indexId":"70029405","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method for the use of landscape metrics in freshwater research and management","docAbstract":"Freshwater research and management efforts could be greatly enhanced by a better understanding of the relationship between landscape-scale factors and water quality indicators. This is particularly true in urban areas, where land transformation impacts stream systems at a variety of scales. Despite advances in landscape quantification methods, several studies attempting to elucidate the relationship between land use/land cover (LULC) and water quality have resulted in mixed conclusions. However, these studies have largely relied on compositional landscape metrics. For urban and urbanizing watersheds in particular, the use of metrics that capture spatial pattern may further aid in distinguishing the effects of various urban growth patterns, as well as exploring the interplay between environmental and socioeconomic variables. However, to be truly useful for freshwater applications, pattern metrics must be optimized based on characteristic watershed properties and common water quality point sampling methods. Using a freely available LULC data set for the Santa Clara Basin, California, USA, we quantified landscape composition and configuration for subwatershed areas upstream of individual sampling sites, reducing the number of metrics based on: (1) sensitivity to changes in extent and (2) redundancy, as determined by a multivariate factor analysis. The first two factors, interpreted as (1) patch density and distribution and (2) patch shape and landscape subdivision, explained approximately 85% of the variation in the data set, and are highly reflective of the heterogeneous urban development pattern found in the study area. Although offering slightly less explanatory power, compositional metrics can provide important contextual information.
Assessment of contaminant impacts to federally identified endangered, threatened and candidate, and state-identified endangered species (collectively referred to as \"listed\" species) requires understanding of a species' sensitivities to particular chemicals. The most direct approach would be to determine the sensitivity of a listed species to a particular contaminant or perturbation. An indirect approach for aquatic species would be application of toxicity data obtained from standard test procedures and species commonly used in laboratory toxicity tests. Common test species (fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas; sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus; and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) and 17 listed or closely related species were tested in acute 96-hour water exposures with five chemicals (carbaryl, copper, 4-nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol, and permethrin) representing a broad range of toxic modes of action. No single species was the most sensitive to all chemicals. For the three standard test species evaluated, the rainbow trout was more sensitive than either the fathead minnow or sheepshead minnow and was equal to or more sensitive than listed and related species 81% of the time. To estimate an LC50 for a listed species, a factor of 0.63 can be applied to the geometric mean LC50 of rainbow trout toxicity data, and more conservative factors can be determined using variance estimates (0.46 based on 1 SD of the mean and 0.33 based on 2 SD of the mean). Additionally, a low- or no-acute effect concentration can be estimated by multiplying the respective LC50 by a factor of approximately 0.56, which supports the United States Environmental Protection Agency approach of multiplying the final acute value by 0.5 (division by 2). When captive or locally abundant populations of listed fish are available, consideration should be given to direct testing. When direct toxicity testing cannot be performed, approaches for developing protective measures using common test species toxicity data are available. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Dwyer, F., Mayer, F., Sappington, L., Buckler, D., Bridges, C., Greer, I., Hardesty, D., Henke, C., Ingersoll, C., Kunz, J., Whites, D., Augspurger, T., Mount, D., Hattala, K., and Neuderfer, G., 2005, Assessing contaminant sensitivity of endangered and threatened aquatic species: Part I. Acute toxicity of five chemicals: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 48, no. 2, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edcfe4b0c8380cd49a05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, F.L.","contributorId":79418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"F.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sappington, L.C.","contributorId":76907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sappington","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckler, D.R.","contributorId":54699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckler","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bridges, C.M.","contributorId":104652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greer, I.E.","contributorId":70182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greer","given":"I.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hardesty, D.K.","contributorId":43935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardesty","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Henke, C.E.","contributorId":102264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henke","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kunz, J.L.","contributorId":7872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whites, D.W.","contributorId":52367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whites","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Augspurger, T.","contributorId":81844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mount, D.R.","contributorId":13774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mount","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hattala, K.","contributorId":20619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattala","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Neuderfer, G.N.","contributorId":49250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuderfer","given":"G.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70029395,"text":"70029395 - 2005 - Characterization of waste rock associated with acid drainage at the Penn Mine, California, by ground-based visible to short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy assisted by digital mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T10:15:15","indexId":"70029395","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of waste rock associated with acid drainage at the Penn Mine, California, by ground-based visible to short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy assisted by digital mapping","docAbstract":"Prior to remediation at the abandoned Cu-Zn Penn Mine in the Foothills massive sulfide belt of the Sierra Nevada, CA, acid mine drainage (AMD) was created, in part, by the subaerial oxidation of sulfides exposed on several waste piles. To support remediation efforts, a mineralogical study of the waste piles was undertaken by acquiring reflectance spectra (measured in the visible to short-wave infrared range of light (0.35-2.5 ??m) using a portable, digitally integrated pen tablet PC mapping system with differential global positioning system and laser rangefinder support. Analysis of the spectral data made use of a continuum removal and band-shape comparison method, and of reference spectral libraries of end-member minerals and mineral mixtures. Identification of secondary Fe-bearing minerals focused on band matching in the region between 0.43 and 1.3 ??m. Identification of sheet and other silicates was based on band-shape analysis in the region between 1.9 and 2.4 ??m. Analysis of reflectance spectra of characterized rock samples from the mine helped in gauging the spectral response to particle size and mixtures. The resulting mineral maps delineated a pattern of accumulation of secondary Fe minerals, wherein centers of copiapite and jarosite that formed at low pH (<3) were surrounded successively by goethite and hematite, which mark progressive increases in pH. This pattern represents the evolution of acid solutions discharged from the pyritic waste piles and the subsequent accumulation of secondary precipitates by hydrolysis reactions. The results highlight the high capacity of the pyritic waste to release further acid mine drainage into the environment, as well as the effectiveness of the mapping method to detect subtle changes in surface mineralogy and to produce maps useful to agencies responsible for remediating the site. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.045","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Montero, S., Brimhall, G., Alpers, C.N., and Swayze, G., 2005, Characterization of waste rock associated with acid drainage at the Penn Mine, California, by ground-based visible to short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy assisted by digital mapping: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., p. 453-472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.045.","startPage":"453","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210786,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.045"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e9e4b0c8380cd4bfd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montero, S.I.C.","contributorId":87744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montero","given":"S.I.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brimhall, G.H.","contributorId":91992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brimhall","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swayze, G.A. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":21570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029386,"text":"70029386 - 2005 - Behavior of a chlorinated ethene plume following source-area treatment with Fenton's reagent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:11:06","indexId":"70029386","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavior of a chlorinated ethene plume following source-area treatment with Fenton's reagent","docAbstract":"Monitoring data collected over a 6‐year period show that a plume of chlorinated ethene–contaminated ground water has contracted significantly following treatment of the contaminant source area using in situ oxidation. Prior to treatment (1998), concentrations of perchloroethene (PCE) exceeded 4500 μg/L in a contaminant source area associated with a municipal landfill in Kings Bay, Georgia. The plume emanating from this source area was characterized by vinyl chloride (VC) concentrations exceeding 800 μg/L. In situ oxidation using Fenton's reagent lowered PCE concentrations in the source area below 100 μg/L, and PCE concentrations have not rebounded above this level since treatment. In the 6 years following treatment, VC concentrations in the plume have decreased significantly. These concentration declines can be attributed to the movement of Fenton's reagent–treated water downgradient through the system, the cessation of a previously installed pump‐and‐treat system, and the significant natural attenuation capacity of this anoxic aquifer. While in situ oxidation briefly decreased the abundance and activity of microorganisms in the source area, this activity rebounded in <6 months. Nevertheless, the shift from sulfate‐reducing to Fe(III)‐reducing conditions induced by Fenton's treatment may have decreased the efficiency of reductive dechlorination in the injection zone. The results of this study indicate that source‐area removal actions, particularly when applied to ground water systems that have significant natural attenuation capacity, can be effective in decreasing the areal extent and contaminant concentrations of chlorinated ethene plumes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0020.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Bradley, P., and Casey, C., 2005, Behavior of a chlorinated ethene plume following source-area treatment with Fenton's reagent: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 25, no. 2, p. 131-141, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0020.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"141","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210673,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0020.x"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f09fe4b0c8380cd4a7f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casey, C.C.","contributorId":10206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029383,"text":"70029383 - 2005 - Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029383","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited","docAbstract":"The tectonic sequence in the anti-jovian area covered by regional mapping images from Galileo's orbit E15 is determined from a study of cross-cutting relationships among lineament features. The sequence is used to test earlier results from orbit G1, based on lower resolution images, which appeared to display a progressive change in azimuthal orientation over about 90?? in a clockwise sense. Such a progression is consistent with expected stress variations that would accompany plausible non-synchronous rotation. The more recent data provide a more complete record than the G1 data did. We find that to fit the sequence into a continual clockwise change of orientation would require at least 1000?? (> 5 cycles) of azimuthal rotation. If due to non-synchronous rotation of Europa, this result implies that we are seeing back further into the tectonic record than the G1 results had suggested. The three sets of orientations found by Geissler et al. now appear to have been spaced out over several cycles, not during a fraction of one cycle. While our more complete sequence of lineament formation is consistent with non-synchronous rotation, a statistical test shows that it cannot be construed as independent evidence. Other lines of evidence do support non-synchronous rotation, but azimuths of crack sequences do not show it, probably because only a couple of cracks form in a given region in any given non-synchronous rotation period. ?? 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Sarid, A., Greenberg, R., Hoppa, G., Brown, D., and Geissler, P., 2005, Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited: Icarus, v. 173, no. 2, p. 469-479, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011.","startPage":"469","endPage":"479","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210644,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011"},{"id":237630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"173","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc94e4b0c8380cd4e320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sarid, A.R.","contributorId":72582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarid","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenberg, R.","contributorId":26778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenberg","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoppa, G.V.","contributorId":68098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoppa","given":"G.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, D.M. Jr.","contributorId":18963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029382,"text":"70029382 - 2005 - Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029382","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada","docAbstract":"The Santa Rosa Range fault zone (SRRFZ) is one of the most topographically prominent normal fault systems in the northern Basin and Range province of the western United States. It has been assigned high rates of vertical slip by others and has been identified as a possible site of the future extension of the central Nevada seismic belt (CNSB). We use detailed trench mapping and luminescence dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last several large-magnitude paleoearthquakes on the southern part of the SRRFZ at a trench site near Orovada, Nevada. Coseismic vertical displacements ranged from 1 to 2.8 m for each of the last four events. Luminescence ages provide time limits for the last three events of 125-155 ka, 90-108 ka, and 11-16 ka. These data yield recurrence intervals of 17-65 k.y. and 74-97 k.y. and an elapsed time of 11-16 k.y. since the youngest event. Slip-rate determinations at the Orovada site are complicated by multiple fault strands, but rates calculated from a variety of data are surprisingly low (0.01-0.16 mm/yr), given the topographic prominence of the Santa Rosa Range. A lack of compelling patterns in a comparison of paleoseismic parameters indicate that the SRRFZ is no more likely a location for a large-magnitude earthquake than previously identified seismic gaps or along faults that lie directly north of the CNSB.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040001","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Personius, S., and Mahan, S., 2005, Unusually low rates of slip on the Santa Rosa Range fault zone, northern Nevada: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 1, p. 319-333, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040001.","startPage":"319","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210621,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040001"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd09e4b08c986b328e9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, S. F. 0000-0001-8347-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":31408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029380,"text":"70029380 - 2005 - Broad-scale predictors of canada lynx occurrence in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029380","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Broad-scale predictors of canada lynx occurrence in eastern North America","docAbstract":"The Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is listed as a threatened species throughout the southern extent of its geographic range in the United States. Most research on lynx has been conducted in the western United States and Canada; little is known about the ecology of lynx in eastern North America. To fill critical knowledge gaps about this species, we modeled and mapped lynx occurrence using habitat and weather data from 7 eastern states and 3 Canadian provinces. Annual snowfall, road density, bobcat (L. rufus) harvest, deciduous forest, and coniferous forest were compared at 1,150 lynx locations and 1,288 random locations. Nineteen a priori models were developed using the information-theoretic approach, and logistic regression models were ranked using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and by our ability to correctly classify reserved data (Kappa). Annual snowfall and deciduous forest predicted lynx presence and absence for a reserved dataset (n = 278) with 94% accuracy. A map of the probability of lynx occurrence throughout the region revealed that 92% of the potential habitat (i.e., >50% probability of occurrence) was concentrated in a relatively contiguous complex encompassing northern Maine, New Brunswick, and the Gaspe?? peninsula of Quebec. Most of the remaining potential habitat (5%) was on northern Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. Potential habitat in New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York was small (1,252 km2), fragmented, and isolated (>200 km) from known lynx populations. When federally listed as threatened in the contiguous United States in 2000, inadequate regulations on federal lands were cited as the primary threat to Canada lynx. However, the majority of potential lynx habitat in the eastern United States is on private lands and continuous with potential habitat in Canada. Therefore, lynx conservation in eastern North America will need to develop partnerships across national, state, and provincial boundaries as well as with private landowners.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0739:BPOCLO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Hoving, C., Harrison, D., Krohn, W., Joseph, R., and O'Brien, M., 2005, Broad-scale predictors of canada lynx occurrence in eastern North America: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 2, p. 739-751, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0739:BPOCLO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"739","endPage":"751","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0739:BPOCLO]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":237560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f286e4b0c8380cd4b20f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoving, C.L.","contributorId":32333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoving","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, D.J.","contributorId":82022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joseph, R.A.","contributorId":69331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O'Brien, M.","contributorId":57980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Brien","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029379,"text":"70029379 - 2005 - Distribution patterns of mercury in Lakes and Rivers of northeastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T17:30:01","indexId":"70029379","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution patterns of mercury in Lakes and Rivers of northeastern North America","docAbstract":"We assembled 831 data points for total mercury (Hgt) and 277 overlapping points for methyl mercury (CH3Hg+) in surface waters from Massachussetts, USA to the Island of Newfoundland, Canada from State, Provincial, and Federal government databases. These geographically indexed values were used to determine: (a) if large-scale spatial distribution patterns existed and (b) whether there were significant relationships between the two main forms of aquatic Hg as well as with total organic carbon (TOC), a well know complexer of metals. We analyzed the catchments where samples were collected using a Geographical Information System (GIS) approach, calculating catchment sizes, mean slope, and mean wetness index. Our results show two main spatial distribution patterns. We detected loci of high Hgt values near urbanized regions of Boston MA and Portland ME. However, except for one unexplained exception, the highest Hgt and CH3Hg+ concentrations were located in regions far from obvious point sources. These correlated to topographically flat (and thus wet) areas that we relate to wetland abundances. We show that aquatic Hgt and CH3Hg+ concentrations are generally well correlated with TOC and with each other. Over the region, CH3Hg+ concentrations are typically approximately 15% of Hgt. There is an exception in the Boston region where CH3Hg+ is low compared to the high Hgt values. This is probably due to the proximity of point sources of inorganic Hg and a lack of wetlands. We also attempted to predict Hg concentrations in water with statistical models using catchment features as variables. We were only able to produce statistically significant predictive models in some parts of regions due to the lack of suitable digital information, and because data ranges in some regions were too narrow for meaningful regression analyses.
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Steve","contributorId":174043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahl","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70029377,"text":"70029377 - 2005 - Use of dissolved and vapor‐phase gases to investigate methanogenic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:36:18","indexId":"70029377","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of dissolved and vapor‐phase gases to investigate methanogenic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface","docAbstract":"At many sites contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, methanogenesis is a significant degradation pathway. Techniques to estimate CH4 production, consumption, and transport processes are needed to understand the geochemical system, provide a complete carbon mass balance, and quantify the hydrocarbon degradation rate. Dissolved and vapor‐phase gas data collected at a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site near Bemidji, Minnesota, demonstrate that naturally occurring nonreactive or relatively inert gases such as Ar and N2 can be effectively used to better understand and quantify physical and chemical processes related to methanogenic activity in the subsurface. In the vadose zone, regions of Ar and N2 depletion and enrichment are indicative of methanogenic and methanotrophic zones, and concentration gradients between the regions suggest that reaction‐induced advection can be an important gas transport process. In the saturated zone, dissolved Ar and N2 concentrations are used to quantify degassing driven by methanogenesis and also suggest that attenuation of methane along the flow path, into the downgradient aquifer, is largely controlled by physical processes. Slight but discernable preferential depletion of N2 over Ar, in both the saturated and unsaturated zones near the free‐phase oil, suggests reactivity of N2 and is consistent with other evidence indicating that nitrogen fixation by microbial activity is taking place at this site.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003433","usgsCitation":"Amos, R.T., Mayer, K.U., Bekins, B.A., Delin, G.N., and Williams, R.L., 2005, Use of dissolved and vapor‐phase gases to investigate methanogenic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 2, W02001; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003433.","productDescription":"W02001; 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477950,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004wr003433","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbee6e4b08c986b329852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amos, Richard T.","contributorId":69081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amos","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, K. Ulrich","contributorId":151069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ulrich","affiliations":[{"id":18176,"text":"Department of Earth and Ocean Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Delin, Geoffrey N. 0000-0001-7991-6158 delin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-6158","contributorId":2610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"Geoffrey","email":"delin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":5063,"text":"Central Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Randi L.","contributorId":150556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Randi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029376,"text":"70029376 - 2005 - Multilevel assessment of fish species traits to evaluate habitat degradation in streams of the upper midwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029376","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multilevel assessment of fish species traits to evaluate habitat degradation in streams of the upper midwest","docAbstract":"We used species traits to examine the variation in fish assemblages for 21 streams in the Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion along a gradient of habitat disturbance. Fish species were classified based on five species trait-classes (trophic ecology, substrate preference, geomorphic preference, locomotion morphology, and reproductive strategy) and 29 categories within those classes. We used a habitat quality index to define a reference stream and then calculated Euclidean distances between the reference and each of the other sites for the five traits. Three levels of species trait analyses were conducted: (1) a composite measure (the sum of Euclidean distances across all five species traits), (2) Euclidean distances for the five individual species trait-classes, and (3) frequencies of occurrence of individual trait categories. The composite Euclidean distance was significantly correlated to the habitat index (r = -0.81; P = 0.001), as were the Euclidean distances for four of the five individual species traits (substrate preference: r = -0.70, P = 0.001; geomorphic preference: r = -0.69, P = 0.001; trophic ecology: r = -0.73, P = 0.001; and reproductive strategy: r = -0.64, P = 0.002). Although Euclidean distances for locomotion morphology were not significantly correlated to habitat index scores (r = -0.21; P = 0.368), analysis of variance and principal components analysis indicated that Euclidean distances for locomotion morphology contributed to significant variation in the fish assemblages among sites. Examination of trait categories indicated that low habitat index scores (degraded streams) were associated with changes in frequency of occurrence within the categories of all five of the species traits. Though the objectives and spatial scale of a study will dictate the level of species trait information required, our results suggest that species traits can provide critical information at multiple levels of data analysis. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M04-042.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, R.M., and Meador, M.R., 2005, Multilevel assessment of fish species traits to evaluate habitat degradation in streams of the upper midwest: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 1, p. 180-194, https://doi.org/10.1577/M04-042.1.","startPage":"180","endPage":"194","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210535,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M04-042.1"},{"id":237483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a602ae4b0c8380cd7132e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029373,"text":"70029373 - 2005 - Basal tissue structure in the earliest euconodonts: Testing hypotheses of developmental plasticity in euconodont phylogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029373","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2998,"text":"Palaeontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basal tissue structure in the earliest euconodonts: Testing hypotheses of developmental plasticity in euconodont phylogeny","docAbstract":"The hypothesis that conodonts are vertebrates rests solely on evidence of soft tissue anatomy. This has been corroborated by microstructural, topological and developmental evidence of homology between conodont and vertebrate hard tissues. However, these conclusions have been reached on the basis of evidence from highly derived euconodont taxa and the degree to which they are representative of plesiomorphic euconodonts remains an open question. Furthermore, the range of variation in tissue types comprising the euconodont basal body has been used to establish a hypothesis of developmental plasticity early in the phylogeny of the clade, and a model of diminishing potentiality in the evolution of development systems. The microstructural fabrics of the basal tissues of the earliest euconodonts (presumed to be the most plesiomorphic) are examined to test these two hypotheses. It is found that the range of microstructural variation observed hitherto was already apparent among plesiomorphic euconodonts. Thus, established histological data are representative of the most plesiomorphic euconodonts. However, although there is evidence of a range in microstructural fabrics, these are compatible with the dentine tissue system alone, and the degree of variation is compatible with that seen in clades of comparable diversity. ?? The Palaeontological Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00452.x","issn":"00310239","usgsCitation":"Dong, X., Donoghue, P., and Repetski, J., 2005, Basal tissue structure in the earliest euconodonts: Testing hypotheses of developmental plasticity in euconodont phylogeny: Palaeontology, v. 48, no. 2, p. 411-421, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00452.x.","startPage":"411","endPage":"421","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488088,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00452.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210507,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00452.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efc1e4b0c8380cd4a42c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dong, X.-P.","contributorId":94846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"X.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donoghue, P.C.J.","contributorId":56018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donoghue","given":"P.C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repetski, J.E.","contributorId":38579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}