Comparative approaches in physiological genomics offer an opportunity to understand the functional importance of genes involved in niche exploitation. We used populations of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) to explore the transcriptional mechanisms that underlie adaptation to fresh water. Ancestrally anadromous Alewives have recently formed multiple, independently derived, landlocked populations, which exhibit reduced tolerance of saltwater and enhanced tolerance of fresh water. Using RNA-seq, we compared transcriptional responses of an anadromous Alewife population to two landlocked populations after acclimation to fresh (0 ppt) and saltwater (35 ppt). Our results suggest that the gill transcriptome has evolved in primarily discordant ways between independent landlocked populations and their anadromous ancestor. By contrast, evolved shifts in the transcription of a small suite of well-characterized osmoregulatory genes exhibited a strong degree of parallelism. In particular, transcription of genes that regulate gill ion exchange has diverged in accordance with functional predictions: freshwater ion-uptake genes (most notably, the ‘freshwater paralog’ of Na+/K+-ATPase α-subunit) were more highly expressed in landlocked forms, whereas genes that regulate saltwater ion secretion (e.g. the ‘saltwater paralog’ of NKAα) exhibited a blunted response to saltwater. Parallel divergence of ion transport gene expression is associated with shifts in salinity tolerance limits among landlocked forms, suggesting that changes to the gill's transcriptional response to salinity facilitate freshwater adaptation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/mec.13983","usgsCitation":"Velotta, J.P., Wegrzyn, J.L., Ginzburg, S., Kang, L., Czesny, S.J., O’Neill, R.J., McCormick, S.D., Michalak, P., and Schultz, E., 2017, Transcriptomic imprints of adaptation to fresh water: parallel evolution of osmoregulatory gene expression in the Alewife: Molecular Ecology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 831-848, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13983.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"848","ipdsId":"IP-076741","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592d8edee4b08f9d15be7b80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velotta, Jonathan P.","contributorId":86281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velotta","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wegrzyn, Jill L.","contributorId":192322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wegrzyn","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ginzburg, Samuel","contributorId":192323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ginzburg","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kang, Lin","contributorId":192324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Lin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neill, Rachel J.","contributorId":78668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michalak, Pawel","contributorId":139209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Pawel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schultz, Eric T.","contributorId":77071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Eric T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70178815,"text":"pp1814D - 2017 - Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in western Alaska revealed by new U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70178815,"text":"pp1814D - 2017 - Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in western Alaska revealed by new U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages","indexId":"pp1814D","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","displayTitle":"Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic Magmatism in Western Alaska Revealed by New U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar Ages","title":"Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in western Alaska revealed by new U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-10T15:19:03","indexId":"pp1814D","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1814","chapter":"D","displayTitle":"Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic Magmatism in Western Alaska Revealed by New U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar Ages","title":"Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in western Alaska revealed by new U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages","docAbstract":"In support of regional geologic framework studies, we obtained 50 new argon-40/argon-39 (40Ar/39Ar) ages and 33 new uranium-lead (U-Pb) ages from igneous rocks of southwestern Alaska. Most of the samples are from the Sleetmute and Taylor Mountains quadrangles; smaller collections or individual samples are from the Bethel, Candle, Dillingham, Goodnews Bay, Holy Cross, Iditarod, Kantishna River, Lake Clark, Lime Hills, McGrath, Medfra, Talkeetna, and Tanana quadrangles.
A U-Pb zircon age of 317.7±0.6 million years (Ma) reveals the presence of Pennsylvanian intermediate igneous (probably volcanic) rocks in the Tikchik terrane, Bethel quadrangle. A U-Pb zircon age of 229.5±0.2 Ma from gabbro intruding the Rampart Group of the Angayucham-Tozitna terrane, Tanana quadrangle, confirms and tightens a previously cited Triassic age for this intrusive suite. A fresh mafic dike in Goodnews Bay quadrangle yielded a 40Ar/39Ar whole rock age of 155.0±1.9 Ma; this establishes a Jurassic or older age for the previously unconstrained (Paleozoic? to Mesozoic?) sandstone unit that it intrudes. A thick felsic tuff in the Gemuk Group in Taylor Mountains quadrangle yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 153.0±2.0 Ma, extending the age of magmatism in this part of the Togiak terrane back into the Late Jurassic. We report three new U-Pb zircon ages between 120 and 110 Ma—112.0±0.9 Ma from syenite in the Candle quadrangle, 114.9±0.3 Ma from orthogneiss assigned to the Ruby terrane in Iditarod quadrangle, and 116.6±0.1 Ma from a gabbro of the Dishna River mafic-ultramafic complex in Iditarod quadrangle. The latter result requires a substantial age revision, from Triassic to Cretaceous, for at least some rocks that have been mapped as the Dishna River mafic-ultramafic complex. A tuff in the Upper Cretaceous Kuskokwim Group yielded a U-Pb zircon (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe, SHRIMP) age of 88.3±1.0 Ma; we speculate that the eruptive source was an arc along the trend of the Pebble porphyry copper deposit along the Gulf of Alaska continental margin. More than half of the new ages fall between 75 and 65 Ma, confirming the existence, based on conventional potassium-argon (K-Ar) ages, of a 70-Ma igneous flare-up across southwestern Alaska. Our new ages hint that during this pulse, the locus of magmatism shifted toward the Gulf of Alaska, that is, toward a more outboard position. This shift is consistent with the hypothesis that magmatism was the product of rollback of a subducted slab, which at that time would have been the Resurrection Plate. Intrusive rocks in the Taylor Mountains and Sleetmute quadrangles in the age range of 63 to 59 Ma were emplaced shortly before the onset of ridge subduction as dated by near-trench plutons in the adjacent part of the Chugach accretionary complex. Southwestern Alaska at this time would have been positioned above a very young subducted slab belonging to the Resurrection Plate; magmas, in this scenario, were generated near the edge of the slab window related to ridge subduction. A 56.3±0.2 Ma granite in Taylor Mountains quadrangle and a 54.7±0.7 Ma ashfall tuff in McGrath quadrangle were likely emplaced above the Resurrection-Kula slab window, which by this time is inferred to have entered the region. Another ashfall tuff in McGrath quadrangle, at 42.8±0.5 Ma, likely belongs to the Meshik Arc, the product of renewed subduction after inferred passage of the slab window. A 49.0±0.3-Ma rhyolite in Taylor Mountains quadrangle is about the age of the transition from slab window to renewed subduction. Two plutons in the western Alaska Range, at 31.8±0.4 and 30.9±0.6 Ma, belong to a suite of gabbro to peralkaline granite of unknown origin. Finally, a 4.6±0.1-Ma basalt from a flow in Taylor Mountains quadrangle belongs to the Neogene basaltic province of western Alaska. These rocks were erupted in a distal retroarc setting; the cause of magmatism is unknown.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, vol. 15 (Professional Paper 1814)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1814D","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.C., Miller, M.L., Friedman, R.M., Layer, P.W., Bleick, H.A., Jones, J.V., III, Box, S.E., Karl, S.M., Shew, N.B., White, T.S., Till, A.B., Dumoulin, J.A., Bundtzen, T.K., O’Sullivan, P.B., and Ullrich, T.D., 2017, Regional patterns of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in western Alaska revealed by new U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages, in Dumoulin, J.A., ed., Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, vol. 15: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1814–D, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1814D.","productDescription":"Report: v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-070875","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336764,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/d/pp1814d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"34.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1814"},{"id":336762,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/d/pp1814d_apenndix2.zip","text":"Appendix 2 (CSV)","size":"53 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"PP 1814 Appendix 2 ZIP","linkHelpText":"New Geochronology Data for Igneous-Rock Samples from Western Alaska"},{"id":336760,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/d/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":336761,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/d/pp1814d_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2 (xlsx)","size":"312 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"PP 1814 Appendix 2 XLSX","linkHelpText":"New Geochronology Data for Igneous-Rock Samples from Western Alaska"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -162,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 66\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Alaska Science Center staff
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr.
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Alaska Mineral Resources
Alaska Science Center
Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of groundwater in the 10 parishes overlying the Southern Hills regional aquifer system of Louisiana (fig. 1) is critical for water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater sources in these parishes is presented. Previously published reports (see References Cited section) and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (U.S. Geological Survey, 2017) are the primary sources of the information presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., 2017, Water resources of the Southern Hills regional aquifer system, southeastern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3010,Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd.
Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
https://la.water.usgs.gov
Stratiform Zn-Pb deposits hosted in unmetamorphosed carbonaceous and siliceous mudstones of the Ordovician to Silurian Duo Lake Formation define the Howards Pass district in Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories, western Canada. Collectively, the deposits are amongst the largest in the world, containing drill-indicated and inferred resources of 423 Mt at 4.84 % Zn and 1.59 % Pb. Sulphide textures include (a) fine-scale laminations of sphalerite, galena, and pyrite from <0.05 mm to 1 cm thick, interbedded with carbonaceous sedimentary rock; (b) layers of coarse sulphide that are structurally controlled by microfolds; and (c) veins that cut bedding and sulphide laminations. The finely interlaminated nature of sulphides with mudstone has been used as evidence for syngenetic mineralizing processes, whereas paleomagnetic data determined on coarse layered sulphides suggest a Middle Jurassic age of mineralization. Here, we present new rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) isotopic data for 12 pyrite separates obtained from 4 laminated sulphide-rich samples from the XY Central (XYC) and Don (DON) deposits and for 1 unmineralized organic-rich mudstone ∼20 m stratigraphically below the sulphide-bearing zone. Pyrite separates that lack mudstone inclusions (“pure”) from the XYC deposit contain 2.2 to 4.0 ppb Re and 93.4 to 123.4 ppt Os; pure pyrite from the DON deposit is significantly more enriched in Re and Os (34–37 ppb Re; 636.8–694.9 ppt Os). The 187Re/188Os values of pure pyrite separates from the XYC and DON deposits range from 137.6 to 197 and 182.1 to 201.4, respectively. Regression of all pure pyrite Re-Os data from both deposits yields an isochron age of 442 ± 14 Ma (MSWD = 7.4) and an initial 187Os/188Os (Osi) value of 0.71 ± 0.07. The Re-Os age indicates that the early phase of pyrite precipitation (and by inference, sphalerite and galena) occurred during the early Silurian, consistent with biostratigraphic ages of the host rocks. The Osi value of ∼0.8 for earliest Silurian seawater recorded from organic-rich shale in the basal Silurian Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at Dobs Linn, Scotland is very similar to that provided by the Howards Pass pyrite regression and hence suggests a hydrogenous (seawater) source of Os for the pyrite. Therefore, two possible sources of Os are (1) the Zn- and Pb-bearing hydrothermal fluid that leached Os from footwall sedimentary rocks, which were deposited in seawater, or (2) directly from seawater during precipitation of the pyrite, which suggests that the Os content of the hydrothermal fluid was minor relative to that of seawater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-016-0663-y","usgsCitation":"Kelley, K.D., Selby, D., Falck, H., and Slack, J.F., 2017, Re-Os systematics and age of pyrite associated with stratiform Zn-Pb mineralization in the Howards Pass district, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada: Mineralium Deposita, v. 52, no. 3, p. 317-335, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-016-0663-y.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"335","ipdsId":"IP-068931","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1380298","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Northwest Territories, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.968017578125,\n 62.32410603355886\n ],\n [\n -127.9248046875,\n 62.32410603355886\n ],\n [\n -127.9248046875,\n 63.027565805785244\n ],\n [\n -130.968017578125,\n 63.027565805785244\n ],\n [\n -130.968017578125,\n 62.32410603355886\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc720e4b0f5d57878ebc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. kdkelley@usgs.gov","contributorId":431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen","email":"kdkelley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selby, David","contributorId":58167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selby","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Falck, Hendrik","contributorId":167705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falck","given":"Hendrik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24811,"text":"NWT Geoscience Office, Yellowknife, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198630,"text":"70198630 - 2017 - Walrus haul-out and in water activity levels relative to sea ice availability in the Chukchi Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:43:29","indexId":"70198630","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T13:27:06","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Walrus haul-out and in water activity levels relative to sea ice availability in the Chukchi Sea","docAbstract":"An animal’s energetic costs are dependent on the amount of time it allocates to various behavioral activities. For Arctic pinnipeds, the time allocated to active and resting behaviors could change with future reductions in sea ice cover and longer periods of open water. The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) is a large Arctic pinniped that rests on sea ice or land between foraging trips to feed on the seafloor. We used behavioral data collected from radiotagged walruses in the Chukchi Sea (2008–2014) in a Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects model to estimate the probability a walrus was in water foraging, in water not foraging, or hauled out, as a function of environmental covariates. The probability of a walrus being in water increased with wind speed and decreased with air temperature, and the probability a walrus was foraging, given it was in water, increased with available benthic macrofaunal biomass. The probability of each behavior was also related to the nature and availability of haul-out substrates. The amount of time walruses spent in water foraging and hauled out was greatest when only sea ice was available, which typically occurs when walruses occupy feeding areas during summer and early autumn. This situation may be most energy efficient for walruses because it allows the highest proportion of in water energy expenditure to be allocated to foraging. Conversely, the amount of time walruses spent in water foraging and hauled out was lowest when only land was available, which typically occurs in late autumn, in years when walruses were constrained to land haul-outs because sea ice was absent over the continental shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyw195","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Taylor, R.L., Fischbach, A., Udevitz, M.S., and Beatty, W.S., 2017, Walrus haul-out and in water activity levels relative to sea ice availability in the Chukchi Sea: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 98, no. 2, p. 386-396, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw195.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"396","ipdsId":"IP-076658","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw195","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7XD0ZTG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Walrus Haulout and In-water Activity Levels Relative to Sea Ice Availability in the Chukchi Sea: 2008-2014"},{"id":356409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea","volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a47ee4b0702d0e843086","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Rebecca L. 0000-0001-8459-7614 rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8459-7614","contributorId":5112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Rebecca","email":"rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":200780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony S.","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113 wbeatty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":173946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"wbeatty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197936,"text":"70197936 - 2017 - Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:10:57","indexId":"70197936","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T12:10:50","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient","docAbstract":"Climate impact models are often implemented at horizontal resolutions (“scales”) too coarse to be readily applied in local impact assessments. However, recent advancements in fine-scale modeling are allowing the creation of impact models that can be applied to landscape-scale adaptation planning. Here, we illustrate the use of fine-scale impact models for landscape-scale adaptation planning of pollination services for six sites in Central America. The strategies include the identification of (1) potential reservoir areas that may retain bee diversity and serve as a source of recolonization after climate shocks such as droughts; and (2) potential restoration areas, where improving forest cover is likely to lead to increases in pollinator services both in the present and in the future. Coarse-scale (>1-km horizontal resolution) climatic controls on pollinator diversity and forest cover determine the general location of these areas in our six landscapes. Fine-scale (<100-m horizontal resolution) variation in climatic water deficit provides an index of forest health which can help identify intervention strategies within these zones. All sites have significant areas in which protecting or restoring forest cover is likely to enhance pollination services. The gradient in rainfall change across the study sites dictates choice of adaptation strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x","usgsCitation":"Hannah, L., Steele, M., Fung, E., Imbach, P., Flint, L.E., and Flint, A.L., 2017, Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient: Climatic Change, v. 141, no. 1, p. 63-75, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-070739","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc720e4b0f5d57878ebc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hannah, Lee","contributorId":149715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":16938,"text":"Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, Marc","contributorId":206041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37180,"text":"UC Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fung, Emily","contributorId":206042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fung","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37227,"text":"Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center, Costa Rica","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Imbach, Pablo","contributorId":206043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imbach","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37228,"text":"Environmental Modeling Laboratory CATIE Costa Rica","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70185031,"text":"70185031 - 2017 - Relations of alpine plant communities across environmental gradients: Multilevel versus multiscale analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T12:20:25","indexId":"70185031","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":797,"text":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" Relations of alpine plant communities across environmental gradients: Multilevel versus multiscale analyses","docAbstract":"Alpine plant communities vary, and their environmental covariates could influence their response to climate change. A single multilevel model of how alpine plant community composition is determined by hierarchical relations is compared to a separate examination of those relations at different scales. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of species cover for plots in four regions across the Rocky Mountains created dependent variables. Climate variables are derived for the four regions from interpolated data. Plot environmental variables are measured directly and the presence of thirty-seven site characteristics is recorded and used to create additional independent variables. Multilevel and best subsets regressions are used to determine the strength of the hypothesized relations. The ordinations indicate structure in the assembly of plant communities. The multilevel analyses, although revealing significant relations, provide little explanation; of the site variables, those related to site microclimate are most important. In multiscale analyses (whole and separate regions), different variables are better explanations within the different regions. This result indicates weak environmental niche control of community composition. The weak relations of the structure in the patterns of species association to the environment indicates that either alpine vegetation represents a case of the neutral theory of biogeography being a valid explanation or that it represents disequilibrium conditions. The implications of neutral theory and disequilibrium explanations are similar: Response to climate change will be difficult to quantify above equilibrium background turnover.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/24694452.2016.1218267","usgsCitation":"Malanson, G.P., Zimmerman, D.L., Kinney, M., and Fagre, D.B., 2017, Relations of alpine plant communities across environmental gradients: Multilevel versus multiscale analyses: Annals of the Association of American Geographers, v. 107, no. 1, p. 41-53, https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2016.1218267.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"53","ipdsId":"IP-071596","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90123e4b0849ce97abcba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malanson, George P.","contributorId":189162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malanson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Dale L.","contributorId":166811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kinney, Mitch","contributorId":189163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinney","given":"Mitch","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193033,"text":"70193033 - 2017 - Top-down control of invertebrates by Ninespine Stickleback in Arctic ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:06:56","indexId":"70193033","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Top-down control of invertebrates by Ninespine Stickleback in Arctic ponds","docAbstract":"Despite their widespread presence in northern-latitude ecosystems, the ecological role of Ninespine Stickleback Pungitius pungitius is not well understood. Ninespine Stickleback can occupy both top and intermediate trophic levels in freshwater ecosystems, so their role in food webs as a predator on invertebrates and as a forage fish for upper level consumers probably is substantial. We introduced Ninespine Sticklebacks to fishless ponds to elucidate their potential effects as a predator on invertebrate communities in Arctic lentic freshwaters. We hypothesized that Ninespine Stickleback would affect freshwater invertebrate communities in a top-down manner. We predicted that the addition of Ninespine Sticklebacks to fishless ponds would: 1) reduce invertebrate taxonomic richness, 2) decrease overall invertebrate abundance, 3) reduce invertebrate biomass, and 4) decrease average invertebrate body size. We tested our hypothesis at 2 locations by adding Ninespine Stickleback to isolated ponds and compared invertebrate communities over time between fish-addition and fishless control ponds. Ninespine Sticklebacks exerted strong top-down pressure on invertebrate communities mainly by changing invertebrate taxonomic richness and biomass and, to a lesser extent, abundance and average invertebrate size. Our results supported the hypothesis that Ninespine Stickleback may help shape lentic food webs in the Arctic.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/690675","usgsCitation":"Laske, S.M., Rosenberger, A.E., Kane, W.J., Wipfli, M.S., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2017, Top-down control of invertebrates by Ninespine Stickleback in Arctic ponds: Freshwater Science, v. 36, no. 1, p. 124-137, https://doi.org/10.1086/690675.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"137","ipdsId":"IP-076980","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.7471923828125,\n 70.12542991464234\n ],\n [\n -154.423828125,\n 70.12542991464234\n ],\n [\n -154.423828125,\n 71.41317683396566\n ],\n [\n -157.7471923828125,\n 71.41317683396566\n ],\n [\n -157.7471923828125,\n 70.12542991464234\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e929e4b09af898c8cc03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laske, Sarah M. 0000-0002-6096-0420 slaske@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-0420","contributorId":204872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laske","given":"Sarah","email":"slaske@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kane, William J.","contributorId":200058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kane","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192085,"text":"70192085 - 2017 - South Polar Skua breeding populations in the Ross Sea assessed from demonstrated relationship with Adélie Penguin numbers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T15:26:47","indexId":"70192085","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"South Polar Skua breeding populations in the Ross Sea assessed from demonstrated relationship with Adélie Penguin numbers","docAbstract":"In the Ross Sea region, most South Polar Skuas (Stercorarius maccormicki) nest near Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies, preying and scavenging on fish, penguins, and other carrion. To derive a relationship to predict skua numbers from better-quantified penguin numbers, we used distance sampling to estimate breeding skua numbers within 1000 m of 5 penguin nesting locations (Cape Crozier, Cape Royds, and 3 Cape Bird locations) on Ross Island in 3 consecutive years. Estimated numbers of skua breeding pairs were highest at Cape Crozier (270,000 penguin pairs; 1099 and 1347 skua pairs in 2 respective years) and lowest at Cape Royds (3000 penguin pairs; 45 skua pairs). The log–log linear relationship (R2 = 0.98) between pairs of skuas and penguins was highly significant, and most historical estimates of skua and penguin numbers in the Ross Sea were within 95 % prediction intervals of the regression. Applying our regression model to current Adélie Penguin colony sizes at 23 western Ross Sea locations predicted that 4635 pairs of skuas now breed within 1000 m of penguin colonies in the Ross Island metapopulation (including Beaufort Island) and northern Victoria Land. We estimate, using published skua estimates for elsewhere in Antarctica, that the Ross Sea South Polar Skua population comprises ~50 % of the world total, although this may be an overestimate because of incomplete data elsewhere. To improve predictions and enable measurement of future skua population change, we recommend additional South Polar Skua surveys using consistent distance-sampling methods at penguin colonies of a range of sizes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-016-1980-4","usgsCitation":"Wilson, D.J., Lyver, P.O., Greene, T.C., Whitehead, A.L., Dugger, K., Karl, B.J., Barringer, J.R., McGarry, R., Pollard, A.M., and Ainley, D.G., 2017, South Polar Skua breeding populations in the Ross Sea assessed from demonstrated relationship with Adélie Penguin numbers: Polar Biology, v. 40, no. 3, p. 577-592, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-1980-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"592","ipdsId":"IP-067093","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":" Ross Island","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b995e4b05fe04cd65ca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Deborah J.","contributorId":197733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyver, Phil O’B.","contributorId":197706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyver","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"O’B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, Terry C.","contributorId":197734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitehead, Amy L.","contributorId":197735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitehead","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Karl, Brian J.","contributorId":197736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karl","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barringer, James R. F.","contributorId":197737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barringer","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGarry, Roger","contributorId":197738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGarry","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pollard, Annie M.","contributorId":197739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollard","given":"Annie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70193644,"text":"70193644 - 2017 - Who knew? First Myotis sodalis (Indiana Bat) maternity colony in the coastal plain of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T22:00:33","indexId":"70193644","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Who knew? First Myotis sodalis (Indiana Bat) maternity colony in the coastal plain of Virginia","title":"Who knew? First Myotis sodalis (Indiana Bat) maternity colony in the coastal plain of Virginia","docAbstract":"We report the first confirmed Myotis sodalis (Indiana Bat) maternity colony in Virginia, discovered at Fort A.P. Hill Military Reservation in Caroline County along the Piedmont-Coastal Plain Fall Line. Acoustic surveys conducted in 2014 indicated likely presence of Indiana Bats on the installation. Subsequent focal mist-netting during May–June 2015 resulted in capture of 4 lactating females that we subsequently radio tracked to a maternity colony site containing at least 20 individuals. The core roosting-area was comprised of Pinus taeda (Loblolly Pine) snags with abundant exfoliating bark and high solar exposure. This forest patch was adjacent to a large emergentshrub wetland and within a larger matrix of mature, mid-Atlantic hardwood forests. The site where we found the colony location is 140 km east of the nearest known hibernaculum and is outside of the previously documented extent of this species' occurrence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.024.0110","usgsCitation":"St. Germain, M.J., Kniowski, A.B., Silvis, A., and Ford, W.M., 2017, Who knew? First Myotis sodalis (Indiana Bat) maternity colony in the coastal plain of Virginia: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 24, no. 1, p. N5-N10, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.024.0110.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"N5","endPage":"N10","ipdsId":"IP-076231","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"24","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a003150e4b0531197b5a74a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"St. Germain, Michael J.","contributorId":25959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Germain","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kniowski, Andrew B.","contributorId":191558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kniowski","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Silvis, Alexander","contributorId":171585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvis","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26923,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193547,"text":"70193547 - 2017 - Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T12:23:06","indexId":"70193547","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.","docAbstract":"We appreciate Terry and Goff's thoughtful comment in response to our proposed atoll development model. Flank collapse of reef-built slopes likely does affect plan-form atoll morphology in some locations and potentially poses a tsunami hazard to low-lying Pacific islands (Terry and Goff, 2013). However, given the often rapid rates of lagoon infill (> 1 mm/yr; Montaggioni, 2005), such failure events would likely need to be frequent and widespread in order to leave a morphologic imprint on modern western Pacific atoll lagoon depths. Few atoll flank collapse features have been dated but many of the arcuate bight-like structures (ABLS) identified could be inherited from scars incised into the initial volcanic edifice (e.g. Terry and Goff, 2013 and refs. therein) — submarine mass wasting has been extensively documented on young hotspot islands (e.g. Hawaiian Islands: Moore et al., 1989; Reunion: Oehler et al., 2008). Atolls in the Marshall Islands, where our main study site Enewetak Atoll is located, are likely ~ 50–100 million years old (Larson et al., 1995) and dating of adjacent deep-water turbidite aprons in the Nauru Basin (DSDP Site 462; Schlanger and Silva, 1986) suggests that large atoll flank collapse events have been relatively infrequent there since the mid-Miocene (< 11 Ma). In our simple, 1D atoll development model (Toomey et al., 2016a), we included the minimum set of processes (vertical accretion, dissolution, and lagoonal infilling) required to accurately simulate Enewetak's ‘recent’ depositional history (8.5–0 Ma) and explain basic differences in lagoon depth among western Pacific atolls.
We agree future development of a model incorporating the wider range of processes impacting connectivity between reef-bound lagoons and the ocean (e.g. Ouillon et al., 2004; Toomey et al., 2016b), including stochastic mass wasting events, will be essential for exploring the plan-form and 3D shapes of atolls. To our knowledge, no quantitative model of long-term atoll development has explicitly linked lagoon restriction/sedimentation to episodic flank collapse events (e.g. Montaggioni et al., 2015; Paterson et al., 2006; Quinn, 1991; Warrlich et al., 2002). Testing Terry and Goff's proposed conceptual model for how rim failure processes affect atoll morphology in a numerical context will require deep drilling along arcuate bight-like structures, as well as adjacent, unaffected, rim and lagoon areas, in order quantify how often failures occur and how quickly the rim/lagoon is rebuilt afterwards. The model we present here provides a general framework capable of integrating atoll flank collapse processes once they are sufficiently constrained by such observational datasets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028","usgsCitation":"Toomey, M., Ashton, A., Raymo, M.E., and Perron, J.T., 2017, Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 469, p. 159-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"160","ipdsId":"IP-080565","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"469","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e929e4b09af898c8cc01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashton, Andrew","contributorId":184098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raymo, Maureen E.","contributorId":184099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymo","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perron, J. Taylor","contributorId":184100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perron","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192844,"text":"70192844 - 2017 - Assessment of contemporary genetic diversity and inter-taxa/inter-region exchange of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 in wild birds sampled in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T16:56:42","indexId":"70192844","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3697,"text":"Virology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of contemporary genetic diversity and inter-taxa/inter-region exchange of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 in wild birds sampled in North America","docAbstract":"Background
Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1) viruses are globally distributed, infect wild, peridomestic, and domestic birds, and sometimes lead to outbreaks of disease. Thus, the maintenance, evolution, and spread of APMV-1 viruses are relevant to avian health.
Methods
In this study we sequenced the fusion gene from 58 APMV-1 isolates recovered from thirteen species of wild birds sampled throughout the USA during 2007–2014. We analyzed sequence information with previously reported data in order to assess contemporary genetic diversity and inter-taxa/inter-region exchange of APMV-1 in wild birds sampled in North America.
Results
Our results suggest that wild birds maintain previously undescribed genetic diversity of APMV-1; however, such diversity is unlikely to be pathogenic to domestic poultry. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that APMV-1 diversity detected in wild birds of North America has been found in birds belonging to numerous taxonomic host orders and within hosts inhabiting multiple geographic regions suggesting some level of viral exchange. However, our results also provide statistical support for associations between phylogenetic tree topology and host taxonomic order/region of sample origin which supports restricted exchange among taxa and geographical regions of North America for some APMV-1 sub-genotypes.
Conclusions
We identify previously unrecognized genetic diversity of APMV-1 in wild birds in North America which is likely a function of continued viral evolution in reservoir hosts. We did not, however, find support for the emergence or maintenance of APMV-1 strains predicted to be pathogenic to poultry in wild birds of North America outside of the order Suliformes (i.e., cormorants). Furthermore, genetic evidence suggests that ecological drivers or other mechanisms may restrict viral exchange among taxa and regions of North America. Additional and more systematic sampling for APMV-1 in North America would likely provide further inference on viral dynamics for this infectious agent in wild bird populations.
Common species are fundamental to the structure and function of their communities and may enhance community stability through intraspecific functional diversity (iFD). We measured among-habitat and within-habitat iFD (i.e., among- and within-plant community types) of two common small mammal species using stable isotopes and functional trait dendrograms, determined whether iFD was related to short-term population stability and small mammal community stability, and tested whether spatially explicit trait filters helped explain observed patterns of iFD. Southern red-backed voles (Myodes gapperi) had greater iFD than deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), both among habitats, and within the plant community in which they were most abundant (their “primary habitat”). Peromyscus maniculatus populations across habitats differed significantly between years and declined 78% in deciduous forests, their primary habitat, as did the overall deciduous forest small mammal community. Myodes gapperi populations were stable across habitats and within coniferous forest, their primary habitat, as was the coniferous forest small mammal community. Generalized linear models representing internal trait filters (e.g., competition), which increase within-habitat type iFD, best explained variation in M. gapperidiet, while models representing internal filters and external filters (e.g., climate), which suppress within-habitat iFD, best explained P. maniculatus diet. This supports the finding that M. gapperi had higher iFD than P. maniculatus and is consistent with the theory that internal trait filters are associated with higher iFD than external filters. Common species with high iFD can impart a stabilizing influence on their communities, information that can be important for conserving biodiversity under environmental change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2721","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.M., McKinney, S.T., and Loftin, C., 2017, Intraspecific functional diversity of common species enhances community stability: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 5, p. 1553-1560, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2721.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1553","endPage":"1560","ipdsId":"IP-074150","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2721","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e928e4b09af898c8cbff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Connor M.","contributorId":167785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Connor","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKinney, Shawn T. smckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":5175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Shawn","email":"smckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192856,"text":"70192856 - 2017 - LANDFIRE 2015 Remap – Utilization of Remotely Sensed Data to Classify Existing Vegetation Type and Structure to Support Strategic Planning and Tactical Response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T15:08:59","indexId":"70192856","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1440,"text":"Earthzine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"LANDFIRE 2015 Remap – Utilization of Remotely Sensed Data to Classify Existing Vegetation Type and Structure to Support Strategic Planning and Tactical Response","docAbstract":"The LANDFIRE Program produces national scale vegetation, fuels, fire regimes, and landscape disturbance data for the entire U.S. These data products have been used to model the potential impacts of fire on the landscape [1], the wildfire risks associated with land and resource management [2, 3], and those near population centers and accompanying Wildland Urban Interface zones [4], as well as many other applications. The initial LANDFIRE National Existing Vegetation Type (EVT) and vegetation structure layers, including vegetation percent cover and height, were mapped circa 2001 and released in 2009 [5]. Each EVT is representative of the dominant plant community within a given area. The EVT layer has since been updated by identifying areas of landscape change and modifying the vegetation types utilizing a series of rules that consider the disturbance type, severity of disturbance, and time since disturbance [6, 7]. Non-disturbed areas were adjusted for vegetation growth and succession. LANDFIRE vegetation structure layers also have been updated by using data modeling techniques [see 6 for a full description]. The subsequent updated versions of LANDFIRE include LANDFIRE 2008, 2010, 2012, and LANDFIRE 2014 is being incrementally released, with all data being released in early 2017. Additionally, a comprehensive remap of the baseline data, LANDFIRE 2015 Remap, is being prototyped, and production is tentatively planned to begin in early 2017 to provide a more current baseline for future updates.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","usgsCitation":"Picotte, J.J., Long, J., Peterson, B., and Nelson, K., 2017, LANDFIRE 2015 Remap – Utilization of Remotely Sensed Data to Classify Existing Vegetation Type and Structure to Support Strategic Planning and Tactical Response: Earthzine, v. March 2017, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-078297","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347605,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://earthzine.org/2017/03/20/landfire-2015-remap-utilization-of-remotely-sensed-data-to-classify-existing-vegetation-type-and-structure-to-support-strategic-planning-and-tactical-response/"}],"volume":"March 2017","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a38e4b063d5d30980ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Picotte, Joshua J. 0000-0002-4021-4623 jpicotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-4623","contributorId":4626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picotte","given":"Joshua","email":"jpicotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Jordan 0000-0002-4814-464X jlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-464X","contributorId":3609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Jordan","email":"jlong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Birgit 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":192353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis 0000-0003-4911-4511 knelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":3602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis","email":"knelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192069,"text":"70192069 - 2017 - When perception reflects reality: Non-native grass invasion alters small mammal risk landscapes and survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T13:52:07","indexId":"70192069","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When perception reflects reality: Non-native grass invasion alters small mammal risk landscapes and survival","docAbstract":"Modification of habitat structure due to invasive plants can alter the risk landscape for wildlife by, for example, changing the quality or availability of refuge habitat. Whether perceived risk corresponds with actual fitness outcomes, however, remains an important open question. We simultaneously measured how habitat changes due to a common invasive grass (cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum) affected the perceived risk, habitat selection, and apparent survival of a small mammal, enabling us to assess how well perceived risk influenced important behaviors and reflected actual risk. We measured perceived risk by nocturnal rodents using a giving-up density foraging experiment with paired shrub (safe) and open (risky) foraging trays in cheatgrass and native habitats. We also evaluated microhabitat selection across a cheatgrass gradient as an additional assay of perceived risk and behavioral responses for deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) at two spatial scales of habitat availability. Finally, we used mark-recapture analysis to quantify deer mouse apparent survival across a cheatgrass gradient while accounting for detection probability and other habitat features. In the foraging experiment, shrubs were more important as protective cover in cheatgrass-dominated habitats, suggesting that cheatgrass increased perceived predation risk. Additionally, deer mice avoided cheatgrass and selected shrubs, and marginally avoided native grass, at two spatial scales. Deer mouse apparent survival varied with a cheatgrass–shrub interaction, corresponding with our foraging experiment results, and providing a rare example of a native plant mediating the effects of an invasive plant on wildlife. By synthesizing the results of three individual lines of evidence (foraging behavior, habitat selection, and apparent survival), we provide a rare example of linkage between behavioral responses of animals indicative of perceived predation risk and actual fitness outcomes. Moreover, our results suggest that exotic grass invasions can influence wildlife populations by altering risk landscapes and survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2785","usgsCitation":"Ceradnini, J.P., and Chalfoun, A.D., 2017, When perception reflects reality: Non-native grass invasion alters small mammal risk landscapes and survival: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 6, p. 1823-1835, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2785.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1823","endPage":"1835","ipdsId":"IP-073821","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2785","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Thunder Basin National Grassland","volume":"7","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b996e4b05fe04cd65ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ceradnini, Joseph P.","contributorId":197675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ceradnini","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193066,"text":"70193066 - 2017 - Extended late Holocene relative sea-level histories for North Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T11:04:29","indexId":"70193066","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extended late Holocene relative sea-level histories for North Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"We produced ∼3000-year long relative sea-level (RSL) histories for two sites in North Carolina (USA) using foraminifera preserved in new and existing cores of dated salt-marsh sediment. At Cedar Island, RSL rose by ∼2.4 m during the past ∼3000 years compared to ∼3.3 m at Roanoke Island. This spatial difference arises primarily from differential GIA that caused late Holocene RSL rise to be 0.1–0.2 mm/yr faster at Roanoke Island than at Cedar Island. However, a non-linear difference in RSL between the two study regions (particularly from ∼0 CE to ∼1250 CE) indicates that additional local- to regional-scale processes drove centennial-scale RSL change in North Carolina. Therefore, the Cedar Island and Roanoke Island records should be considered as independent of one another. Between-site differences on sub-millennial timescales cannot be adequately explained by non-stationary tides, sediment compaction, or local sediment dynamics. We propose that a period of accelerating RSL rise from ∼600 CE to 1100 CE that is present at Roanoke Island (and other sites north of Cape Hatteras at least as far as Connecticut), but absent at Cedar Island (and other sites south of Cape Hatteras at least as far as northeastern Florida) is a local-to regional-scale effect of dynamic ocean and/or atmospheric circulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.012","usgsCitation":"Kemp, A.C., Kegel, J.J., Culver, S.J., Barber, D.C., Mallinson, D.J., Leorri, E., Bernhardt, C.E., Cahill, N., Riggs, S.R., Woodson, A.L., Mulligan, R.P., and Horton, B.P., 2017, Extended late Holocene relative sea-level histories for North Carolina, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 160, p. 13-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.012.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-082692","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Field analysis of sediment gouge cores established discrete lithostratigraphic units extend across the wetland. Detailed sediment analyses reveal abrupt changes in lithology, percent total organic matter, grain size, and magnetic susceptibility. Microfossil analyses indicate that predominantly freshwater deposits bury relic intertidal deposits at three distinct depths. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the three burial events occurred in the last 2000 calendar years. Two of the three events are contemporaneous with large-magnitude paleoearthquakes along the Newport-Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system. From these data, we infer that during large magnitude earthquakes a step-over along the fault zone results in the vertical displacement of an approximately 5-km2 area that is consistent with the footprint of an estuary identified in pre-development maps. These findings provide insight on the evolution of the saltmarsh, coseismic deformation and earthquake recurrence in a wide area of southern California, and sensitive habitat already threatened by eustatic sea level rise.
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The primary objective of the workshop was to provide advice, based on current scientific understanding, to regulators and policy makers; the aim being to make considered, informed decisions on whether to select an ecotoxicological hazard- or a risk-based approach for regulating a given endocrine-disrupting substance (EDS) under review. The workshop additionally considered recent developments in the identification of EDS. Case studies were undertaken on 6 endocrine-active substances (EAS—not necessarily proven EDS, but substances known to interact directly with the endocrine system) that are representative of a range of perturbations of the endocrine system and considered to be data rich in relevant information at multiple biological levels of organization for 1 or more ecologically relevant taxa. The substances selected were 17α-ethinylestradiol, perchlorate, propiconazole, 17β-trenbolone, tributyltin, and vinclozolin. The 6 case studies were not comprehensive safety evaluations but provided foundations for clarifying key issues and procedures that should be considered when assessing the ecotoxicological hazards and risks of EAS and EDS. The workshop also highlighted areas of scientific uncertainty, and made specific recommendations for research and methods-development to resolve some of the identified issues. The present paper provides broad guidance for scientists in regulatory authorities, industry, and academia on issues likely to arise during the ecotoxicological hazard and risk assessment of EAS and EDS. The primary conclusion of this paper, and of the SETAC Pellston Workshop on which it is based, is that if data on environmental exposure, effects on sensitive species and life-stages, delayed effects, and effects at low concentrations are robust, initiating environmental risk assessment of EDS is scientifically sound and sufficiently reliable and protective of the environment. 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substances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T13:24:00","indexId":"70194267","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current limitations and recommendations to improve testing for the environmental assessment of endocrine active substances","docAbstract":"In the present study, existing regulatory frameworks and test systems for assessing potential endocrine active chemicals are described, and associated challenges are discussed, along with proposed approaches to address these challenges. Regulatory frameworks vary somewhat across geographies, but all basically evaluate whether a chemical possesses endocrine activity and whether this activity can result in adverse outcomes either to humans or to the environment. Current test systems include in silico, in vitro, and in vivo techniques focused on detecting potential endocrine activity, and in vivo tests that collect apical data to detect possible adverse effects. These test systems are currently designed to robustly assess endocrine activity and/or adverse effects in the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways; however, there are some limitations of current test systems for evaluating endocrine hazard and risk. These limitations include a lack of certainty regarding: 1) adequately sensitive species and life stages; 2) mechanistic endpoints that are diagnostic for endocrine pathways of concern; and 3) the linkage between mechanistic responses and apical, adverse outcomes. Furthermore, some existing test methods are resource intensive with regard to time, cost, and use of animals. However, based on recent experiences, there are opportunities to improve approaches to and guidance for existing test methods and to reduce uncertainty. For example, in vitro high-throughput screening could be used to prioritize chemicals for testing and provide insights as to the most appropriate assays for characterizing hazard and risk. Other recommendations include adding endpoints for elucidating connections between mechanistic effects and adverse outcomes, identifying potentially sensitive taxa for which test methods currently do not exist, and addressing key endocrine pathways of possible concern in addition to those associated with estrogen, androgen, and thyroid signaling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1862","usgsCitation":"Coady, K., Biever, R.C., Denslow, N., Gross, M., Guiney, P., Holbech, H., Karouna-Renier, N.K., Katsiadaki, I., Krueger, H., Levine, S., Maack, G., Williams, M., Wolf, J.C., and Ankley, G., 2017, Current limitations and recommendations to improve testing for the environmental assessment of endocrine active substances: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 13, no. 2, p. 302-316, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1862.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"316","ipdsId":"IP-075960","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1862","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc05e4b06e28e9c238c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coady, Katherine K.","contributorId":200647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coady","given":"Katherine K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biever, Ronald C.","contributorId":200648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biever","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy D.","contributorId":200649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, Melanie","contributorId":200650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guiney, Patrick D.","contributorId":200651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guiney","given":"Patrick D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holbech, Henrik","contributorId":200652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holbech","given":"Henrik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie K. 0000-0001-7127-033X nkarouna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":141213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Katsiadaki, Ioanna","contributorId":200653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katsiadaki","given":"Ioanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Krueger, Hank","contributorId":200654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Hank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Levine, Steven L.","contributorId":200655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levine","given":"Steven L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Maack, Gerd","contributorId":200656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maack","given":"Gerd","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Williams, Mike","contributorId":168795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25361,"text":"CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, South Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Wolf, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":200657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ankley, Gerald T.","contributorId":177970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ankley","given":"Gerald T.","affiliations":[{"id":13485,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70186330,"text":"70186330 - 2017 - Surface geophysical methods for characterising frozen ground in transitional permafrost landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-13T15:10:14","indexId":"70186330","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3032,"text":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface geophysical methods for characterising frozen ground in transitional permafrost landscapes","docAbstract":"The distribution of shallow frozen ground is paramount to research in cold regions, and is subject to temporal and spatial changes influenced by climate, landscape disturbance and ecosystem succession. Remote sensing from airborne and satellite platforms is increasing our understanding of landscape-scale permafrost distribution, but typically lacks the resolution to characterise finer-scale processes and phenomena, which are better captured by integrated surface geophysical methods. Here, we demonstrate the use of electrical resistivity imaging (ERI), electromagnetic induction (EMI), ground penetrating radar (GPR) and infrared imaging over multiple summer field seasons around the highly dynamic Twelvemile Lake, Yukon Flats, central Alaska, USA. Twelvemile Lake has generally receded in the past 30 yr, allowing permafrost aggradation in the receded margins, resulting in a mosaic of transient frozen ground adjacent to thick, older permafrost outside the original lakebed. ERI and EMI best evaluated the thickness of shallow, thin permafrost aggradation, which was not clear from frost probing or GPR surveys. GPR most precisely estimated the depth of the active layer, which forward electrical resistivity modelling indicated to be a difficult target for electrical methods, but could be more tractable in time-lapse mode. Infrared imaging of freshly dug soil pit walls captured active-layer thermal gradients at unprecedented resolution, which may be useful in calibrating emerging numerical models. GPR and EMI were able to cover landscape scales (several kilometres) efficiently, and new analysis software showcased here yields calibrated EMI data that reveal the complicated distribution of shallow permafrost in a transitional landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ppp.1893","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Campbell, S., Nolan, J., Walvoord, M.A., Ntarlagiannis, D., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Lane, J.W., 2017, Surface geophysical methods for characterising frozen ground in transitional permafrost landscapes: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v. 28, no. 1, p. 52-65, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1893.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-069599","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UST855","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Surface geophysical data for characterizing shallow, discontinuous frozen ground near Fort Yukon, Alaska"},{"id":339120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.5,\n 66.45\n ],\n [\n -145.25,\n 66.45\n ],\n [\n -145.25,\n 66.6\n ],\n [\n -145.5,\n 66.6\n ],\n [\n -145.5,\n 66.45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b1e4b09da67999777a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Seth","contributorId":190402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Seth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolan, Jay","contributorId":190403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolan","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios","contributorId":150729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ntarlagiannis","given":"Dimitrios","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":688348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":688350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70186296,"text":"70186296 - 2017 - Advancing the match-mismatch framework for large herbivores in the Arctic: Evaluating the evidence for a trophic mismatch in caribou","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T11:50:35","indexId":"70186296","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancing the match-mismatch framework for large herbivores in the Arctic: Evaluating the evidence for a trophic mismatch in caribou","docAbstract":"Climate-induced shifts in plant phenology may adversely affect animals that cannot or do not shift the timing of their reproductive cycle. The realized effect of potential trophic “mismatches” between a consumer and its food varies with the degree to which species rely on dietary income and stored capital. Large Arctic herbivores rely heavily on maternal capital to reproduce and give birth near the onset of the growing season but are they vulnerable to trophic mismatch? We evaluated the long-term changes in the temperatures and characteristics of the growing seasons (1970–2013), and compared growing conditions and dynamics of forage quality for caribou at peak parturition, peak lactation, and peak forage biomass, and plant senescence between two distinct time periods over 36 years (1977 and 2011–13). Despite advanced thaw dates (7−12 days earlier), increased growing season lengths (15−21 days longer), and consistent parturition dates, we found no decline in forage quality and therefore no evidence within this dataset for a trophic mismatch at peak parturition or peak lactation from 1977 to 2011–13. In Arctic ungulates that use stored capital for reproduction, reproductive demands are largely met by body stores deposited in the previous summer and autumn, which reduces potential adverse effects of any mismatch between food availability and timing of parturition. Climate-induced effects on forages growing in the summer and autumn ranges, however, do correspond with the demands of female caribou and their offspring to gain mass for the next reproductive cycle and winter. Therefore, we suggest the window of time to examine the match-mismatch framework in Arctic ungulates is not at parturition but in late summer-autumn, where the multiplier effects of small changes in forage quality are amplified by forage abundance, peak forage intake, and resultant mass gains in mother-offspring pairs.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0171807","usgsCitation":"Gustine, D.D., Barboza, P., Adams, L., Griffith, B., Cameron, R.D., and Whitten, K.R., 2017, Advancing the match-mismatch framework for large herbivores in the Arctic: Evaluating the evidence for a trophic mismatch in caribou: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 2, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171807.","productDescription":"e0171807; 18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-061147","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171807","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.9306640625,\n 68.65255607018035\n ],\n [\n -147.67822265625,\n 68.65255607018035\n ],\n [\n -147.67822265625,\n 70.4257596280135\n ],\n [\n -148.9306640625,\n 70.4257596280135\n ],\n [\n -148.9306640625,\n 68.65255607018035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b1e4b09da67999777c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barboza, Perry","contributorId":190361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barboza","given":"Perry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffith, Brad","contributorId":190362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cameron, Raymond D.","contributorId":190363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":688234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitten, Kenneth R.","contributorId":190408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitten","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189498,"text":"70189498 - 2017 - Isotopic niches support the resource breadth hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T11:19:38","indexId":"70189498","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic niches support the resource breadth hypothesis","docAbstract":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
http://az.water.usgs.gov/
Surface coal mining and subsequent reclamation of surface mines have converted large forest areas into early successional vegetative communities in the eastern United States. This reclamation can provide a novel opportunity to conserve northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). We evaluated the influence of habitat management activities on nest survival, nest-site selection, and brood resource selection on managed and unmanaged units of a reclaimed surface mine, Peabody Wildlife Management Area (Peabody), in west-central Kentucky, USA, from 2010 to 2013. We compared resource selection, using discrete-choice analysis, and nest survival, using the nest survival model in Program MARK, between managed and unmanaged units of Peabody at 2 spatial scales: the composition and configuration of vegetation types (i.e., macrohabitat) and vegetation characteristics at nest sites and brood locations (i.e., microhabitat). On managed sites, we also investigated resource selection relative to a number of different treatments (e.g., herbicide, disking, prescribed fire). We found no evidence that nest-site selection was influenced by macrohabitat variables, but bobwhite selected nest sites in areas with greater litter depth than was available at random sites. On managed units, bobwhite were more likely to nest where herbicide was applied to reduce sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) compared with areas untreated with herbicide. Daily nest survival was not influenced by habitat characteristics or by habitat management but was influenced by nest age and the interaction of nest initiation date and nest age. Daily nest survival was greater for older nests occurring early in the breeding season (0.99, SE < 0.01) but was lower for older nests occurring later in the season (0.08, SE = 0.13). Brood resource selection was not influenced by macrohabitat or microhabitat variables we measured, but broods on managed units selected areas treated with herbicide to control sericea lespedeza and were located closer to firebreaks and disked native-warm season grass stands than would be expected at random. Our results suggest the vegetation at Peabody was sufficient without manipulation to support nesting and brood-rearing northern bobwhite at a low level, but habitat management practices improved vegetation for nesting and brood-rearing resource selection. Reproductive rates (e.g., nest survival and re-nesting rates) at Peabody were lower than reported in other studies, which may be related to nutritional deficiencies caused by the abundance of sericea lespedeza. On reclaimed mine lands dominated by sericea lespedeza, we suggest continuing practices such as disking and herbicide application that are targeted at reducing sericea lespedeza to improve the vegetation for nesting and brood-rearing bobwhite.
","language":"English","publisher":"The WIldlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21182","usgsCitation":"Brooke, J.M., Tanner, E.P., Peters, D.C., Tanner, A.M., Harper, C.A., Keyser, P.D., Clark, J.D., and Morgan, J.J., 2017, Northern bobwhite breeding season ecology on a reclaimed surface mine: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 1, p. 73-85, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21182.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-068704","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Peabody Wildlife Management 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52cbe4b0849ce97c8696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooke, Jarred M.","contributorId":146940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Jarred","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, Evan P.","contributorId":146943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, David C.","contributorId":146941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, Ashley M.","contributorId":177321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harper, Craig A.","contributorId":146944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keyser, Patrick D.","contributorId":146945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyser","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of 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,{"id":70194487,"text":"70194487 - 2017 - Geologic controls on submarine slope failure along the central U.S. Atlantic margin: Insights from the Currituck Slide Complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T15:36:35","indexId":"70194487","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic controls on submarine slope failure along the central U.S. Atlantic margin: Insights from the Currituck Slide Complex","docAbstract":"Multiple styles of failure, ranging from densely spaced, mass transport driven canyons to the large, slab-type slope failure of the Currituck Slide, characterize adjacent sections of the central U.S. Atlantic margin that appear to be defined by variations in geologic framework. Here we use regionally extensive, deep penetration multichannel seismic (MCS) profiles to reconstruct the influence of the antecedent margin physiography on sediment accumulation along the central U.S. Atlantic continental shelf-edge, slope, and uppermost rise from the Miocene to Present. These data are combined with high-resolution sparker MCS reflection profiles and multibeam bathymetry data across the Currituck Slide Complex. Pre-Neogene allostratigraphic horizons beneath the slope are generally characterized by low gradients and convex downslope profiles. This is followed by the development of thick, prograded deltaic clinoforms during the middle Miocene. Along-strike variations in morphology of a regional unconformity at the top of this middle Miocene unit appear to have set the stage for differing styles of mass transport along the margin. Areas north and south of the Currituck Slide are characterized by oblique margin morphology, defined by an angular shelf-edge and a relatively steep (> 8°), concave slope profile. Upper slope sediment bypass, closely spaced submarine canyons, and small, localized landslides confined to canyon heads and sidewalls characterize these sectors of the margin. In contrast, the Currituck region is defined by a sigmoidal geometry, with a rounded shelf-edge rollover and gentler slope gradient (< 6°). Thick (> 800 m), regionally continuous stratified slope deposits suggest the low gradient Currituck region was a primary depocenter for fluvial inputs during multiple sea level lowstands. These results imply that the rounded, gentle slope physiography developed during the middle Miocene allowed for a relatively high rate of subsequent sediment accumulation, thus providing a mechanism for compaction–induced overpressure that preconditioned the Currituck region for failure. Detailed examination of the regional geological framework illustrates the importance of both sediment supply and antecedent slope physiography in the development of large, potentially unstable depocenters along passive margins.
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