{"pageNumber":"976","pageRowStart":"24375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40811,"records":[{"id":79564,"text":"ofr20061358 - 2006 - Knowledge and Understanding of the Hydrogeology of the Salt Basin in South-Central New Mexico and Future Study Needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"ofr20061358","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1358","title":"Knowledge and Understanding of the Hydrogeology of the Salt Basin in South-Central New Mexico and Future Study Needs","docAbstract":"The Salt Basin covers about 2,400 square miles of south-central New Mexico and extends across the State line into Texas. As much as 57 million acre-feet of ground water may be stored within the New Mexico part of the Salt Basin of which 15 million acre-feet are potentially potable and recoverable. Recent work suggests that the volume of ground water in storage within the New Mexico portion of the Salt Basin may be substantially greater than 57 million acre-feet. \r\n\r\nIn this report, aquifers contained in the San Andres, Bone Spring, and Victorio Peak Limestones and in the Yeso, Hueco, and Abo Formations are collectively referred to as the carbonate aquifer. Porosity and permeability of the major aquifer are primarily determined by the density and interconnectedness of fractures and karstic solution channels. The spatial variability of these fractures and karstic features leads to a large spatial variability in hydraulic properties in the carbonate aquifer. \r\n\r\nGround water generally moves southward away from recharge areas along the northern border of the Salt Basin and generally moves eastward to southeastward away from areas of distributed recharge on the Otero Mesa and the Diablo Plateau. Ground water originating from these recharge areas generally moves toward the central valley. Present day discharge is mostly through ground-water withdrawal for agricultural irrigation. A zone of relatively low hydraulic gradient, corresponding to the location of the Otero Break, extends from near the Sacramento River watershed southward toward Dell City, Texas. Ground water in the carbonate aquifer generally is very hard and has dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 500 to 6,500 milligrams per liter. \r\n\r\nSubstantial variability exists in current estimates of (1) ground-water recharge, (2) natural ground-water discharge, (3) the volume of ground water in storage, (4) the volume of recoverable ground water, (5) the conceptual model of ground-water flow, (6) the distribution of ground-water quality, and (7) the distribution of hydraulic characteristics. Future study could reduce uncertainty in these estimates and allow for better management of ground-water resources in the Salt Basin.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061358","usgsCitation":"Huff, G.F., and Chace, D., 2006, Knowledge and Understanding of the Hydrogeology of the Salt Basin in South-Central New Mexico and Future Study Needs (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1358, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061358.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9181,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1358/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huff, G. F.","contributorId":11229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chace, D.A.","contributorId":60338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chace","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79550,"text":"ofr20061313 - 2006 - Flood Study of Warren Brook in Alstead and Cold River in Alstead, Langdon, and Walpole, New Hampshire, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"ofr20061313","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1313","title":"Flood Study of Warren Brook in Alstead and Cold River in Alstead, Langdon, and Walpole, New Hampshire, 2005","docAbstract":"This report presents water-surface elevations and profiles as determined using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) one-dimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System, also known as HEC-RAS. Steady flow water-surface profiles were developed for two stream reaches: the Cold River from its confluence with the Connecticut River in Walpole, through Alstead to the McDermott Bridge in Langdon, NH, and Warren Brook from its confluence with the Cold River to Warren Lake in Alstead, NH. Flood events of a magnitude, which are expected to be equaled or exceeded once on the average during any 10-, 50-, 100-, or 500-year period (recurrence interval), were modeled using HEC-RAS as these flood events are recognized as being significant for flood-plain management, determination of flood insurance rates, and design of structures such as bridges and culverts. These flood events are referred to as the 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year floods and have a 10-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent chance, respectively, of being equaled or exceeded during any year. The recurrence intervals represent the long-term average between floods of a specific magnitude. The risk of experiencing rare floods at short intervals or within the same year increases when periods greater than one year are considered. The analyses in this study reflect the flooding potentials based on conditions existing in the communities of Walpole, Alstead and Langdon at the time of completion of this study.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061313","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Flynn, R.H., 2006, Flood Study of Warren Brook in Alstead and Cold River in Alstead, Langdon, and Walpole, New Hampshire, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1313, iv, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061313.","productDescription":"iv, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"52","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9166,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1313/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eee8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flynn, Robert H. rflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Robert","email":"rflynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79541,"text":"sir20065310 - 2006 - Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow, Lake Point, Tooele County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T12:35:57","indexId":"sir20065310","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5310","title":"Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow, Lake Point, Tooele County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Water for new residential development in Lake Point, Utah may be supplied by public-supply wells completed in consolidated rock on the east side of Lake Point. Ground-water flow models were developed to help understand the effect the proposed withdrawal will have on water levels, flowing-well discharge, spring discharge, and ground-water quality in the study area. This report documents the conceptual and numerical ground-water flow models for the Lake Point area.</p><p>The ground-water system in the Lake Point area receives recharge from local precipitation and irrigation, and from ground-water inflow from southwest of the area. Ground water discharges mostly to springs. Discharge also occurs to evapotranspiration, wells, and Great Salt Lake. Even though ground water discharges to Great Salt Lake, dense salt water from the lake intrudes under the less-dense ground water and forms a salt-water wedge under the valley. This salt water is responsible for some of the high dissolved-solids concentrations measured in ground water in Lake Point.</p><p>A steady-state MODFLOW-2000 ground-water model of Tooele Valley adequately simulates water levels, ground-water discharge, and ground-water flow direction observed in Lake Point in 1969 and 2002. Simulating an additional 1,650 acre-feet per year withdrawal from wells causes a maximum projected drawdown of about 550 feet in consolidated rock near the simulated wells and drawdown exceeding 80 feet in an area encompassing most of the Oquirrh Mountains east of Lake Point. Drawdown in most of Lake Point ranges from 2 to 10 ft, but increases to more than 40 feet in the areas proposed for residential development. Discharge to Factory Springs, flowing wells, evapotranspiration, and Great Salt Lake is decreased by about 1,100 acre-feet per year (23 percent).</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey SUTRA variable-density ground-water-flow model generates a reasonable approximation of 2002 dissolved-solids concentration when simulating 2002 withdrawals. At most locations with measured dissolved-solids concentration in excess of 1,000 milligrams per liter, the model simulates salt-water intrusion with similar concentrations.</p><p>Simulating an additional 1,650 acre-feet per year withdrawal increased simulated dissolved-solids concentration by 200 to 1,000 milligrams per liter throughout much of Lake Point and near Fac­tory Springs at a depth of about 250 to 300 feet below land surface. The increase in dissolved-solids concentration with increased withdrawals is greater at a depth of about 700 to 800 feet and exceeds 1,000 milligrams per liter throughout most of Lake Point. At the north end of Lake Point, increases exceed 10,000 milligrams per liter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065310","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Tooele County; Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights; and Lake Point Improvement Project","usgsCitation":"Brooks, L.E., 2006, Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow, Lake Point, Tooele County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5310, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065310.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9096,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5310/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Tooele County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Point","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.35185623168945,\n              40.605351404521244\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.35185623168945,\n              40.70445674541596\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.22465515136717,\n              40.70445674541596\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.22465515136717,\n              40.605351404521244\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.35185623168945,\n              40.605351404521244\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79542,"text":"ds236 - 2006 - Seaside, Oregon, Tsunami Pilot Study— Modernization of FEMA flood hazard maps: GIS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T20:56:25.653203","indexId":"ds236","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"236","title":"Seaside, Oregon, Tsunami Pilot Study— Modernization of FEMA flood hazard maps: GIS data","docAbstract":"Introduction: The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) guidelines do not currently exist for conducting and incorporating tsunami hazard assessments that reflect the substantial advances in tsunami research achieved in the last two decades; this conclusion is the result of two FEMA-sponsored workshops and the associated Tsunami Focused Study (Chowdhury and others, 2005). Therefore, as part of FEMA's Map Modernization Program, a Tsunami Pilot Study was carried out in the Seaside/Gearhart, Oregon, area to develop an improved Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA) methodology and to provide recommendations for improved tsunami hazard assessment guidelines (Tsunami Pilot Study Working Group, 2006). The Seaside area was chosen because it is typical of many coastal communities in the section of the Pacific Coast from Cape Mendocino to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and because State agencies and local stakeholders expressed considerable interest in mapping the tsunami threat to this area. The study was an interagency effort by FEMA, U.S. Geological Survey, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), in collaboration with the University of Southern California, Middle East Technical University, Portland State University, Horning Geoscience, Northwest Hydraulics Consultants, and the Oregon Department of Geological and Mineral Industries. We present the spatial (geographic information system, GIS) data from the pilot study in standard GIS formats and provide files for visualization in Google Earth, a global map viewer.","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ds236","usgsCitation":"Wong, F.L., Venturato, A.J., and Geist, E.L., 2006, Seaside, Oregon, Tsunami Pilot Study— Modernization of FEMA flood hazard maps: GIS data: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 236, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds236.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9097,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388382,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78836.htm"},{"id":190644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Seaside","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.0191650390625,\n              45.9587876403564\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.89419555664062,\n              45.9587876403564\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.89419555664062,\n              46.06560846138691\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.0191650390625,\n              46.06560846138691\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.0191650390625,\n              45.9587876403564\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Venturato, Angie J.","contributorId":58720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venturato","given":"Angie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79540,"text":"ofr20061343 - 2006 - Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:37","indexId":"ofr20061343","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1343","title":"Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Nearly two-dozen shallow landslides were active during spring 2005 on a hillside located along the east side of the Florida River about one kilometer downstream from Lemon Reservoir in La Plata County, southwestern Colorado. Landslides on the hillside directly threaten human safety, residential structures, a county roadway, utilities, and the Florida River, and indirectly threaten downstream areas and Lemon Dam. Most of the area where the landslides occurred was burned during the 2002 Missionary Ridge wildfire. We performed geologic mapping, subsurface exploration and sampling, radiocarbon dating, and shallow ground-water and ground-displacement monitoring to assess landslide activity. Active landslides during spring 2005 were as large as 35,000 m3 and confined to colluvium. Debris flows were mobilized from most of the landslides, were as large as 1,500 m3, and traveled as far as 250 m. Landslide activity was triggered by elevated ground-water pressures within the colluvium caused by infiltration of snowmelt. Landslide activity ceased as ground-water pressures dropped during the summer. Shallow landslides on the hillside appear to be much more likely following the Missionary Ridge fire because of the loss of tree root strength and evapotranspiration. We used monitoring data and observations to develop preliminary, approximate rainfall/snowmelt thresholds above which shallow landslide activity can be expected. Landslides triggered during spring 2005 occurred within a 1.97 x 107 m3 older landslide that extends, on average, about 40 m into bedrock. The south end of this older landslide appears to have experienced deep secondary landsliding. Radiocarbon dating of sediments at the head of the older landslide suggests that the landslide was active about 1,424-1,696 years ago. A relatively widespread wildfire may have preceded the older landslide, and the landslide may have occurred during a wetter time. The wetter climate and effects of the wildfire would likely have resulted in increased ground-water pressures, which may have triggered the older landslide. This landslide appears to have crossed the valley floor and been subsequently eroded from this area. We found no evidence that landslide debris across the valley floor formed an impoundment of the Florida River, although it is very likely. Erosion of buttressing landslide debris from the valley floor and the lower strength of the landslide basal shear zone relative to pre-slide strength created less stable conditions than were present prior to occurrence of the landslide. However, deep ground-water conditions largely control the stability of the slope and are unknown here; hence, the potential for future deep landsliding is unknown. Additional investigation could be undertaken to further characterize landslide hazards in the area. This investigation could include episodic surveying of monuments we installed across the older landslide, obtaining detailed topographic data and aerial photography, mapping landslide debris and lacustrine deposits related to the potential former landslide dam, mapping secondary landslides, obtaining additional ages of landslide activity, constructing deep boreholes and ground-water monitoring wells, laboratory testing of soil and rock strength and hydraulic properties, and ground-water and slope-stability modeling.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061343","usgsCitation":"Schulz, W.H., Coe, J.A., Ellis, W., and Kibler, J.D., 2006, Preliminary Assessment of Landslides Along the Florida River Downstream from Lemon Reservoir, La Plata County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1343, v, 29 p.; 1 plate, map with cross sections; GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061343.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.; 1 plate, map with cross sections; GIS data","numberOfPages":"34","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1343/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2770","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e791","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, William H.","contributorId":91927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, William L.","contributorId":89128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kibler, John D.","contributorId":14523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kibler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79524,"text":"sir20055274 - 2006 - Relations of Water Quality to Streamflow, Season, and Land Use for Four Tributaries to the Toms River, Ocean County, New Jersey, 1994-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sir20055274","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5274","title":"Relations of Water Quality to Streamflow, Season, and Land Use for Four Tributaries to the Toms River, Ocean County, New Jersey, 1994-99","docAbstract":"The effects of nonpoint-source contamination on the water quality of four tributaries to the Toms River in Ocean County, New Jersey, have been investigated in a 5-year study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). The purpose of the study was to relate the extent of land development to loads of nutrients and other contaminants to these streams, and ultimately to Barnegat Bay. Volumetric streamflow (discharge) was measured at 6 monitoring sites during 37 stormflow and base-flow sampling events over a 5-year period (May 1994-September 1999). Concentrations and yields (area-normalized instantaneous load values) of nitrogen and phosphorus species, total suspended solids, and fecal coliform bacteria were quantified, and pH, dissolved oxygen, and stream stage were monitored during base-flow conditions and storms. Sufficient data were collected to allow for a statistical evaluation of differences in water quality among streams in subbasins with high, medium, and low levels of land development.\r\n\r\nLong Swamp Creek, in a highly developed subbasin (64.2 percent developed); Wrangle Brook, in a moderately developed subbasin (34.5 percent); Davenport Branch, in a slightly developed subbasin (22.8 percent); and Jakes Branch, in an undeveloped subbasin (0 percent) are the subbasins selected for this study. No point-source discharges are known to be present on these streams. Water samples were collected and analyzed by the NJDEP, and discharge measurements and data analysis were conducted by the USGS.\r\n\r\nTotal nitrogen concentrations were lower in Davenport Branch than in Long Swamp Creek and Wrangle Brook during base flow and stormflow. Concentrations of total nitrogen and nitrate were highest in Wrangle Brook (as high as 3.0 mg/L and 1.6 mg/L, respectively) as a result of high concentrations of nitrate in samples collected during base flow; nitrate loading from ground-water discharge is much higher in Wrangle Brook than in any of the other streams, possibly as a result of an experimental wastewater-(secondary effluent) disposal site that was in operation during the 1980's. Ammonia concentrations were higher in samples from Long Swamp Creek than in those from the other two monitoring sites under all flow conditions, and ammonia yields were higher during stormflow than base flow at all monitoring sites.\r\n\r\nConcentrations and yields of fecal coliform bacteria and total suspended solids were higher during stormflow than during base flow at all monitoring sites. Concentrations and yields were significantly higher in Long Swamp Creek, a highly developed subbasin and Wrangle Brook, a moderately developed subbasin than in Davenport Branch, a slightly developed subbasin. Concentrations and yields of phosphate species, which also are strongly related to stormflow, were higher during stormflow in Long Swamp Creek than in the other subbasins. \r\n\r\nBase-flow separation techniques were used on hydrographs generated for storms to distinguish the fraction of discharge and constituent loading attributable to storm runoff (overland flow) from the fraction contributed by ground-water discharge. Precipitation records were used to determine the total annual volumes of ground-water discharge and runoff at each monitoring site. These volumes were used in conjunction with water-quality data to calculate total annual loads of each constituent at each monitoring site, separated into ground-water discharge and runoff fractions. It was determined that loads of ammonia, nitrate, organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and orthophosphate in ground-water discharge were significantly higher in the moderately developed Wrangle Brook subbasin than in the highly developed Long Swamp Creek subbasin, and that no relation was apparent between the percent of land development and constituent loads from ground-water discharge. The loading of each constituent contributed by ground-water discharge is specific ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055274","usgsCitation":"Baker, R.J., and Hunchak-Kariouk, K., 2006, Relations of Water Quality to Streamflow, Season, and Land Use for Four Tributaries to the Toms River, Ocean County, New Jersey, 1994-99: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5274, vii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055274.","productDescription":"vii, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"79","temporalStart":"1994-05-01","temporalEnd":"1999-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9080,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5274/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c1a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunchak-Kariouk, Kathryn","contributorId":41448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunchak-Kariouk","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79525,"text":"sir20055073 - 2006 - Development of land segmentation, stream-reach network, and watersheds in support of hydrological simulation program: Fortran (HSPF) modeling, Chesapeake Bay watershed, and adjacent parts of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T22:53:08.327527","indexId":"sir20055073","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5073","title":"Development of land segmentation, stream-reach network, and watersheds in support of hydrological simulation program: Fortran (HSPF) modeling, Chesapeake Bay watershed, and adjacent parts of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin, Maryland Department of the Environment, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, and the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science are collaborating on the Chesapeake Bay Regional Watershed Model, using Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN to simulate streamflow and concentrations and loads of nutrients and sediment to Chesapeake Bay. The model will be used to provide information for resource managers. In order to establish a framework for model simulation, digital spatial datasets were created defining the discretization of the model region (including the Chesapeake Bay watershed, as well as the adjacent parts of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia outside the watershed) into land segments, a stream-reach network, and associated watersheds.\r\n\r\nLand segmentation was based on county boundaries represented by a 1:100,000-scale digital dataset. Fifty of the 254 counties and incorporated cities in the model region were divided on the basis of physiography and topography, producing a total of 309 land segments. The stream-reach network for the Chesapeake Bay watershed part of the model region was based on the U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) model stream-reach network. Because that network was created only for the Chesapeake Bay watershed, the rest of the model region uses a 1:500,000-scale stream-reach network. Streams with mean annual streamflow of less than 100 cubic feet per second were excluded based on attributes from the dataset. Additional changes were made to enhance the data and to allow for inclusion of stream reaches with monitoring data that were not part of the original network. Thirty-meter-resolution Digital Elevation Model data were used to delineate watersheds for each stream reach. State watershed boundaries replaced the Digital Elevation Model-derived watersheds where coincident. After a number of corrections, the watersheds were coded to indicate major and minor basin, mean annual streamflow, and each watershed's unique identifier as well as that of the downstream watershed. Land segments and watersheds were intersected to create land-watershed segments for the model.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Maryland Department of the Environment, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, and Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin","usgsCitation":"Martucci, S.K., Krstolic, J.L., Raffensperger, J.P., and Hopkins, K.J., 2006, Development of land segmentation, stream-reach network, and watersheds in support of hydrological simulation program: Fortran (HSPF) modeling, Chesapeake Bay watershed, and adjacent parts of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5073, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055073.","productDescription":"iv, 15 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,{"id":70157139,"text":"70157139 - 2006 - Projecting future sea level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:28:29","indexId":"70157139","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Projecting future sea level","docAbstract":"<p>California&rsquo;s coastal observations and global model projections indicate that California&rsquo;s open coast and estuaries will experience increasing sea levels over the next century. Sea level rise has affected much of the coast of California, including the Southern California coast, the Central California open coast, and the San Francisco Bay and upper estuary. These trends, quantified from a small set of California tide gages, have ranged from 10&ndash;20 centimeters (cm) (3.9&ndash;7.9 inches) per century, quite similar to that estimated for global mean sea level. So far, there is little evidence that the rate of rise has accelerated, and the rate of rise at California tide gages has actually flattened since 1980, but projections suggest substantial sea level rise may occur over the next century. Climate change simulations project a substantial rate of global sea level rise over the next century due to thermal expansion as the oceans warm and runoff from melting land-based snow and ice accelerates. Sea level rise projected from the models increases with the amount of warming. Relative to sea levels in 2000, by the 2070&ndash;2099 period, sea level rise projections range from 11&ndash;54 cm (4.3&ndash;21 in) for simulations following the lower (B1) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario, from 14&ndash;61 cm (5.5&ndash;24 in) for the middle-upper (A2) emission scenario, and from 17&ndash;72 cm (6.7&ndash;28 in) for the highest (A1fi) scenario. In addition to relatively steady secular trends, sea levels along the California coast undergo shorter period variability above or below predicted tide levels and changes associated with long-term trends. These variations are caused by weather events and by seasonal to decadal climate fluctuations over the Pacific Ocean that in turn affect the Pacific coast. Highest coastal sea levels have occurred when winter storms and Pacific climate disturbances, such as El Ni&ntilde;o, have coincided with high astronomical tides. This study considers a range of projected future global sea level rises in examining possible impacts at California coastal and estuarine stations. Two climate models and three scenarios considered in this scenarios study provide a set of possible future weather and short-period climate fluctuations, and a range of potential long-term sea level rise values. A range of mean sea level rise was considered in combination with weather and El Ni&ntilde;o fluctuations extracted from two global climate models and two GHG emissions scenarios. The mean sea level rise values, determined from a survey of several climate models, range from approximately 10&ndash;80 cm (3.9&ndash;31 in) between 2000 and 2100. The middle to higher end of this range would substantially exceed the historical rate of sea level rise of 15&ndash;20 cm (5.9&ndash;7.9 in)per century observed at San Francisco and San Diego during the last 100 years. Gradual sea level rise progressively worsens the impacts of high tides and the surge and waves associated with storms. The potential for impacts of future sea level rise was assessed from the occurrence of hourly sea level extremes. The occurrence of extreme events follows a sharply escalating pattern as the magnitude of future sea level rise increases. The confluence of Low barometric pressures from storms and the presence large waves at the same time substantially increases the likelihood of high, damaging sea levels along the California coast. Similarly, astronomical tides and disturbances in sea level that are caused by weather and climate fluctuations are x transmitted into the San Francisco Bay and Delta, and on into the lower reaches of the Sacramento River. In addition to elevating Bay and Delta sea levels directly through inverse barometer and wind effects, storms may generate heavy precipitation and high fresh water runoff and cause floods in the Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta, increasing the potential for inundation of levees and other structures. There may also be increased risk of levee failure due to the hydraulics and geometry of these structures. Rising sea levels from climate change will increase the frequency and duration of extreme high water levels, causing historical coastal and San Francisco Bay/Delta structure design criteria to be exceeded.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Calfornia Climate Change Center","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D.R., Bromirski, P., Hayhoe, K., Tyree, M., Dettinger, M., and Flick, R., 2006, Projecting future sea level, x, 53 p.","productDescription":"x, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308011,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-500-2005-202/CEC-500-2005-202-SF.PDF","size":"1637 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Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tyree, Mary","contributorId":85414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyree","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flick, Reinhard","contributorId":24575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flick","given":"Reinhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70157141,"text":"70157141 - 2006 - Climate scenarios for California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:32:11","indexId":"70157141","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Climate scenarios for California","docAbstract":"<p>Possible future climate changes in California are investigated from a varied set of climate change model simulations. These simulations, conducted by three state-of-the-art global climate models, provide trajectories from three greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenarios. These scenarios and the resulting climate simulations are not &ldquo;predictions,&rdquo; but rather are a limited sample from among the many plausible pathways that may affect California&rsquo;s climate. Future GHG concentrations are uncertain because they depend on future social, political, and technological pathways, and thus the IPCC has produced four &ldquo;families&rdquo; of emission scenarios. To explore some of these uncertainties, emissions scenarios A2 (a medium-high emissions) and B1 (low emissions) were selected from the current IPCC Fourth climate assessment, which provides several recent model simulations driven by A2 and B1 emissions. The global climate model simulations addressed here were from PCM1, the Parallel Climate Model from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) group, and CM2.1 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geophysical Fluids Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL).</p>\n<p>As part of the scenarios assessment, a statistical technique using properties of historical weather data was employed to correct model biases and &ldquo;downscale&rdquo; the global-model simulation of future climates to a finer level of detail, onto a grid of approximately 7 miles (12 kilometers), which is more suitable for impact studies at the scales needed by California decision makers.</p>\n<p>In current climate-change simulations, temperatures over California warm significantly during the twenty-first century, with temperature increases from approximately +3&ordm;F (1.5&ordm;C) in the lower emissions scenario (B1) within the less responsive model (PCM1) to +8&ordm;F (4.5&ordm;C) in the higher emissions scenario (A2) within the more responsive model (CM2.1). Three of the simulations (all except the low-emission scenario run of the low-response model) exhibit more warming in summer than in winter.</p>\n<p>In all of the simulations, most precipitation continues to occur in winter, with virtually all derived from North Pacific winter storms. Relatively little change in overall precipitation is projected. Climate warming has a profound influence in diminishing snow accumulations, because there is more rain and less snow, and earlier snowmelt. These snow losses increase as the warming increases, so that they are most severe under climate changes projected by the more sensitive model with the higher GHG emissions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Climate Change Center","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D.R., Maurer, E., Dettinger, M., Tyree, M., Hayhoe, K., Bonfils, C., Duffy, P., and Santer, B., 2006, Climate scenarios for California, vii, 44 p.","productDescription":"vii, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-500-2005-203/CEC-500-2005-203-SF.PDF","size":"2871 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Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tyree, Mary","contributorId":85414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyree","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bonfils, Celine","contributorId":51542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonfils","given":"Celine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Duffy, Phil","contributorId":50756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"Phil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Santer, Ben","contributorId":147512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santer","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70174705,"text":"70174705 - 2006 - Using role analysis to plan for stakeholder involvement: a Wyoming case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-14T15:45:13","indexId":"70174705","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using role analysis to plan for stakeholder involvement: a Wyoming case study","docAbstract":"<p>Prior to implementing laws and policies regulating water, wildlife, wetlands, endangered species, and recreation, natural resource managers often solicit public input. Concomitantly, managers are continually seeking more effective ways to involve stakeholders. In the autumn of 1999, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department sought to develop a state management plan for its portion of the Yellowstone grizzly bear<span>&nbsp;(Ursus arctos horribilis)&nbsp;</span>population if it was removed from the federal threatened species list. A key aspect of developing this plan was the involvement of federal, state, and local agencies, representatives from nongovernmental organizations, and citizens. Wyoming wildlife managers asked researchers from the United States Geological Survey to demonstrate how the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model could be used to initiate this process. To address these needs, we conducted similar workshops for a group of state and federal managers or staffers and a broad group of stakeholders. Although we found similarities among the workshop groups, we also recorded differences in perspective between stakeholder groups. The managers group acknowledged the importance of varied stakeholders but viewed the grizzly bear planning process as one centered on state interests, influenced by state policies, and amenable to negotiation. The other workshops identified many stakeholders and viewed the decision process as diffuse, with many opportunities for entry into the process. These latter groups were less certain about the chance for a successful negotiation. We concluded that if these assumptions and differences were not reconciled, the public involvement effort was not likely to succeed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[1306:URATPF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Burkardt, N., and Ponds, P.D., 2006, Using role analysis to plan for stakeholder involvement: a Wyoming case study: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 34, no. 5, p. 1306-1313, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[1306:URATPF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1306","endPage":"1313","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5788b7c0e4b0d27deb387049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkardt, Nina 0000-0002-9392-9251 burkardtn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-9251","contributorId":2781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkardt","given":"Nina","email":"burkardtn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponds, Phadrea D.","contributorId":65156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponds","given":"Phadrea","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70216708,"text":"70216708 - 2006 - ADV point measurements within rapids of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T15:00:42.130052","indexId":"70216708","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T18:11:24","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ADV point measurements within rapids of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rapids on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon attract over 20,000 white-water enthusiasts a year and are considered one of the premiere collections of rapids in North America. While this collection of rapids is an important recreational resource, relatively little is known of the specific hydraulics of individual rapids. Flow measurements are occasionally made in the low-velocity reaches between rapids, but the turbulent and dangerous nature of rapids makes in-situ data collection challenging. The present study measured hydraulics within a small rapid in Grand Canyon as well as an alluvial reach of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon using a Sontek Argonaut acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV)</span><sup>2</sup><span>. The ADV was mounted near the center-front of a motor-powered 19-foot J-snout boat; the instrument sample volume was located 80 cm below the surface. The quality of the measurements was best in the slower water above the rapid and in Glen Canyon. Waves, aeration, and high-velocity water rendered specific measurements in the core of the rapid difficult as the ADV instrument could only measure velocities less than about 3.0 m/s. Nonetheless, velocity, bathymetry, and water-surface maps were constructed for the rapid and the reach in Glen Canyon. The compiled data sets can be used for predicting the erosion potential of debris fans forming the rapid and the development of numerical models to better characterize rapids.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World environmental and water resources congress 2006","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006","conferenceDate":"May 21-25, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Omaha, NE","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/40856(200)158","usgsCitation":"Magirl, C.S., Griffiths, P.G., and Webb, R., 2006, ADV point measurements within rapids of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, <i>in</i> World environmental and water resources congress 2006, Omaha, NE, May 21-25, 2006, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)158.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.97216796875,\n              35.53222622770337\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.6982421875,\n              35.53222622770337\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.6982421875,\n              37.09023980307208\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.97216796875,\n              37.09023980307208\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.97216796875,\n              35.53222622770337\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Robert rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":187755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207880,"text":"70207880 - 2006 - Data collection network to support ecosystem forecasting for the Barataria Basin - Mississippi River domain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T12:57:30","indexId":"70207880","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T12:40:32","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Data collection network to support ecosystem forecasting for the Barataria Basin - Mississippi River domain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecosystem forecasting is limited by a number of uncertainties including inadequate initialization information, unknown boundary conditions, inaccurate model physics and atmospheric forcing functions, and inadequate algorithm development of geomorphic and ecological responses to hydrodynamic and geophysical processes. Monitoring can help reduce these uncertainties by providing numerical information on those variables that can improve simulation capabilities. A data collection network was designed for the Mississippi River, south of Tarbert Landing, Ms. to Venice, La., and for the inland and nearshore waters of Barataria Basin, La. The network considered existing monitoring efforts that effectively link oceanographic and water quality observations to system drivers to support ecosystem hindcasting, nowcasting, and forecasting capabilities. The design was driven by the diverse needs of the modeling community and utilized questionnaire surveys, workshops, and web- based applications to inventory past and present modeling applications, domains, and attributes. The use of existing monitoring stations, including variables measured and frequency of data collection, were also considered, as well as recommendations on where new monitoring stations should be located, what types of data should be collected, and at what temporal frequency. Compiled databases are presented as a series of GIS layers to represent overlap between existing and requested stations, and priorities are established for either maintaining or augmenting existing stations or deploying new stations. An optimization plan will be prepared from the results of this study that will provide a rationale for the ecosystem forecasting data collection network that includes a description of existing monitoring programs to support ecosystem forecasting and a set of justifiable locations for \"megastations\" that meet the needs of the modeling and assessment communities.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal environment and water quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Resources Publications","isbn":"9781887201476","usgsCitation":"Steyer, G.D., Owens, A., and Couvillion, B., 2006, Data collection network to support ecosystem forecasting for the Barataria Basin - Mississippi River domain, chap. <i>of</i> Coastal environment and water quality, p. 431-442.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"442","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Barataria Basin, Mississppi River study domain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.8843994140625,\n              28.86391842622456\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.824462890625,\n              28.86391842622456\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.824462890625,\n              30.083354648756128\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8843994140625,\n              30.083354648756128\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8843994140625,\n              28.86391842622456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owens, Alaina","contributorId":70491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"Alaina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":210461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70204490,"text":"70204490 - 2006 - An integrated monitoring approach using multiple reference sites to assess sustainable restoration in coastal Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T12:40:32","indexId":"70204490","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T12:29:19","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An integrated monitoring approach using multiple reference sites to assess sustainable restoration in coastal Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p><span>Achieving sustainable resource management in coastal Louisiana requires establishing reference conditions that incorporate the goals and objectives of restoration efforts. Since the reference condition is usually considered sustainable, it can be a gauge to assess the present condition of a (degraded) system or to evaluate progress of management actions toward some target system state (the reference or desired conditions).</span><br><br><span>In 2003, the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) Task Force and the Louisiana State Wetlands Authority adopted the “Coastwide Reference Monitoring System -- Wetlands” (CRMS--Wetlands) for Louisiana. This system will provide data from multiple reference sites to explore the properties of a sustained reference condition. CRMS--Wetlands provides links between project-specific and system-wide objectives, criteria for selecting reference sites or conditions, a more robust statistical design, and critical monitoring variables. In addition, a system-wide assessment and monitoring plan (SWAMP) is being developed that incorporates and evaluates existing monitoring efforts (to the extent possible) within a system-wide experimental design. The SWAMP will integrate monitoring of biological, chemical, physical, and climatological variables in four modules: wetlands (CRMS--Wetlands), barrier islands, inshore waters and rivers, and nearshore coastal waters. Data and information collected under SWAMP will contribute to developing a systems-synthesis model for coastal Louisiana.</span><br><br><span>Regional restoration project leaders in coastal Louisiana acknowledge the mutual dependence of monitoring and modeling the coastal landscape. For example, experiments or measurements should not be conducted independently of modeling and vice versa. Assessment should be directed at reducing scientific uncertainty to improve confidence in modeling and monitoring tools and ultimately to assist management actions. An adaptive environmental assessment and management process prescribes modeling, monitoring, and research activities to be conducted from initial stages of restoration planning to optimize the ability to assess and achieve sustainable restoration.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Monitoring Science and Technology Symposium: Unifying Knowledge for Sustainability in the Western Hemisphere Proceedings ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA","usgsCitation":"Steyer, G.D., Twilley, R.R., and Raynie, R., 2006, An integrated monitoring approach using multiple reference sites to assess sustainable restoration in coastal Louisiana, <i>in</i> Monitoring Science and Technology Symposium: Unifying Knowledge for Sustainability in the Western Hemisphere Proceedings , v. 42, p. 326-333.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"333","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/26427"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twilley, Robert R.","contributorId":34585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twilley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raynie, Richard C","contributorId":140898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raynie","given":"Richard C","affiliations":[{"id":13608,"text":"Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70242741,"text":"70242741 - 2006 - A simulation model of land-use change in the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada, as used in a decision-support system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T16:35:06.737274","indexId":"70242741","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T11:24:52","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A simulation model of land-use change in the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada, as used in a decision-support system","docAbstract":"<p>The Tahoe Land-Use Change model is a stochastic, spatially explicit simulation of future land-use change—in particular, development and retirement of individual parcels—in the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada. The Federal, State, and regional management agencies responsible for the basin are revising and integrating their 20-year plans to meet various goals, including maintaining or improving several environmental (e.g., lake clarity, forest health) and socioeconomic (e.g., affordable housing) characteristics. To assist this effort, the model projects the long-term outcomes of land-use-management decisions, including those relating to existing and potential government regulations, development activities, and conservation practices. The model results are probabilistic maps of parcel-specific changes in land use and the resulting changes in the amount and locations of developed parcels and land-use change. To capture the uncertainties and variation in the exact parcels of land selected for development or retirement by individuals acting in the basin, a single model run includes multiple iterations, from which cumulative statistics are taken to describe the results. The purpose of the model is to generate changes in the amounts and types of land use and land cover that form inputs to a basinwide model of pollutant loading to Lake Tahoe, which, in turn, generates inputs to a lake-clarity model. Together, these three models form a chain of tools that link land-use decisions to changes in a critical environmental quality—the clarity of Lake Tahoe—within a decision-support context. Eventually, these three models will become part of a larger, more complete decision-support system. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of 3rd International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software - Burlington, Vermont, USA - July 2006","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software","conferenceDate":"July 9-13, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Burlington, VT","language":"English","publisher":"International Environmental Modelling and Software Society","usgsCitation":"Hessenflow, M.L., and Halsing, D.L., 2006, A simulation model of land-use change in the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada, as used in a decision-support system, <i>in</i> Proceedings of 3rd International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software - Burlington, Vermont, USA - July 2006, Burlington, VT, July 9-13, 2006, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://iemss.org/publications/conference/proceedings-iemss2006/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.30661082958414,\n              39.31724934679002\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.30661082958414,\n              38.857530184901236\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.83771937936714,\n              38.857530184901236\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.83771937936714,\n              39.31724934679002\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.30661082958414,\n              39.31724934679002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hessenflow, Mark L.","contributorId":179129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hessenflow","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halsing, David L.","contributorId":35809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halsing","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189257,"text":"70189257 - 2006 - Relations among pH, sulfate, and metals concentrations in anthracite and bituminous coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T15:21:03","indexId":"70189257","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Relations among pH, sulfate, and metals concentrations in anthracite and bituminous coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>Water-quality data for discharges from 140 abandoned mines in the Bituminous and Anthracite Coalfields of Pennsylvania illustrate relations among pH, sulfate, and dissolved metal concentrations. The pH for the 140 samples ranged from 2.7 to 7.3, with two modes at pH 2.5 to 4 (acidic) and 6 to 7 (near neutral). Generally, flow rates were smaller and solute concentrations were greater for low-pH samples; flow rates increased with pH. Although the pH distribution was similar for the bituminous and anthracite subsets, the bituminous discharges had smaller median flow rates, greater concentrations of sulfate, iron, and aluminum, and smaller concentrations of barium and lead than anthracite discharges with the same pH values. The observed relations between the pH and constituent concentrations can be attributed to (1) dilution of acidic water by alkaline ground water; (2) solubility control of aluminum, iron, manganese, barium, and lead by hydroxide, sulfate, and/or carbonate minerals; and (3) aqueous sulfate-complex formation. The formation of AlSO<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and AlHSO<sub>4</sub><sup>+2</sup> complexes adds to the total dissolved aluminum concentration at pH of equilibrium with aluminum hydroxide or hydroxysulfate minerals and can account for 10 to 20 times greater concentrations of dissolved aluminum in bituminous discharges compared to anthracite discharges at similar pH. Sulfate complexation also can account for 10 to 30 times greater concentrations of dissolved ferric iron concentrations at equilibrium with ferrihydrite (Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>) and/or schwertmannite (Fe<sub>8</sub>O<sub>8</sub>(OH)<sub>4.5</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>1.75</sub>) at pH of 3 to 5. In contrast, lower barium and lead concentrations in bituminous than anthracite discharges indicates elevated sulfate concentration could decrease mobility of these metals by the formation of insoluble minerals such as barite (BaSO<sub>4</sub>) or anglesite (PbSO<sub>4</sub>). Most samples were saturated with barite, but none were saturated with anglesite. Hence, lead concentrations could be controlled by coprecipitation with barite and/or by adsorption to schwertmannite or another sulfate-bearing oxide.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: 23rd Annual Meeting of the ASMR, March 26-30, 2006, St. Louis, Missouri","conferenceTitle":"23rd Annual Meeting of the ASMR, March 26-30, 2006, St. Louis, Missouri","conferenceDate":"March 26-30, 2006","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mining and Reclamation","publisherLocation":"Champaign, IL","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, I., 2006, Relations among pH, sulfate, and metals concentrations in anthracite and bituminous coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania, <i>in</i> Proceedings: 23rd Annual Meeting of the ASMR, March 26-30, 2006, St. Louis, Missouri, St. Louis, MO, March 26-30, 2006, p. 378-404.","productDescription":"27 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,{"id":70195021,"text":"70195021 - 2006 - Seafloor character and sedimentary processes in eastern Long Island Sound and western Block Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-02T14:52:33","indexId":"70195021","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seafloor character and sedimentary processes in eastern Long Island Sound and western Block Island Sound","docAbstract":"<p><span>Multibeam bathymetric data and seismic-reflection profiles collected in eastern Long Island Sound and western Block Island Sound reveal previously unrecognized glacial features and modern bedforms. Glacial features include an ice-sculptured bedrock surface, a newly identified recessional moraine, exposed glaciolacustrine sediments, and remnants of stagnant-ice-contact deposits. Modern bedforms include fields of transverse sand waves, barchanoid waves, giant scour depressions, and pockmarks. Bedform asymmetry and scour around obstructions indicate that net sediment transport is westward across the northern part of the study area near Fishers Island, and eastward across the southern part near Great Gull Island.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-006-0016-4","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L.J., Cohen-DiGiacomo, M.L., Smith, S.M., Stewart, H., and Forfinski, N., 2006, Seafloor character and sedimentary processes in eastern Long Island Sound and western Block Island Sound: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 26, p. 59-68, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-006-0016-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"68","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1708","text":"External Repository"},{"id":350985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","otherGeospatial":" Block Island Sound, Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.11376953125,\n              40.734770989672406\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.1090087890625,\n              40.734770989672406\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.1090087890625,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.11376953125,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.11376953125,\n              40.734770989672406\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7586e0e4b00f54eb1d821d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":139521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen-DiGiacomo, M. L.","contributorId":42250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen-DiGiacomo","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, H.F.","contributorId":83620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Forfinski, N.A.","contributorId":13702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forfinski","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70193403,"text":"70193403 - 2006 - Reproductive development in the sicklefin chub in the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T11:14:49","indexId":"70193403","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3580,"text":"The Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive development in the sicklefin chub in the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone Rivers","docAbstract":"<div class=\"t m0 xd h5 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws1\">We describe aspects of sicklefin chub (Macrhybopsis meeki)&nbsp;reproductive development from three study areas encompassing greater than 2,700&nbsp;km of the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone rivers. The sicklefin chub was collected&nbsp;between late July and early October in 1996 and 1997. A total of 193 sicklefin chub&nbsp;was collected and examined for reproductive characteristics. Twenty-nine sicklefin&nbsp;chub were found to be reproductively mature females. Some sicklefin chub&nbsp;matured at age 2, but most matured at age 3 and all matured by age 4. Females first&nbsp;became mature at 70 to 79 mm total length (TL) in the Upper Missouri River reach&nbsp;in central Montana, 80 to 89 mm TL in the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone rivers&nbsp;in eastern Montana-western North Dakota, and 90 to 99 mm TL in the lower&nbsp;Missouri River in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. Gonad mass of gravid&nbsp;females averaged 6.9% of total body mass and ranged from 1.7 to 13.5%. Total&nbsp;number of oocytes per female, ranged from 7 to 1,561. Reproductive development of the sicklefin chub appeared to be group synchronous or synchronous&nbsp;indicating multiple spawnings during a spawning season. This variability in&nbsp;spawning mode required cautious interpretation of gonadosomatic index values&nbsp;and oocyte counts as estimates of total fecundity, because some females might&nbsp;have released a cohort of oocytes prior to their capture.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Great Plains Natural Science Society","usgsCitation":"Dieterman, D.J., Roberts, E., Braaten, P.J., and Galat, D.L., 2006, Reproductive development in the sicklefin chub in the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone Rivers: The Prairie Naturalist, v. 38, no. 2, p. 113-130.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd27e4b0531197b13ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieterman, Douglas J.","contributorId":147846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dieterman","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, Eric","contributorId":199398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Braaten, Patrick J. pbraaten@usgs.gov","contributorId":149022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braaten","given":"Patrick","email":"pbraaten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galat, David L.","contributorId":13711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galat","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70176953,"text":"70176953 - 2006 -  Efficacy of feral pig removals at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T14:32:35","indexId":"70176953","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-004","title":" Efficacy of feral pig removals at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"<p>We compiled and analyzed data from 1987–2004 on feral pig (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) management and monitoring activities at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, a tropical montane rainforest on the island of Hawai`i. These data included annual surveys of feral pig and cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) activity, the number of feral ungulates removed from closed management units, age and reproductive status from necropsies, and vegetation surveys repeated 4 times over a 16 year period. We found an essentially even sex ratio within the feral pig population and within age classes, although males lived to 60 months while females lived to only 48 months. The pregnancy rate was 23.5%, and lactation rate was 8.3%, regardless of season and age, but lactation peaked in April-June. Reproductive rates also increased with age, peaking at 2–4 years in females. We reconstructed the standing population within a closed unit to examine demographic processes. We estimated that annual removal in excess of approximately 41–43% would be necessary to affect a population decline. We examined annual feral pig activity surveys and found a strong and sustained decline in pig sign after 1997 relative to unmanaged areas. We related the standing population to feral pig activity surveys to build a predictive model of feral pig density, and then applied this model to other management units. We evaluated control methods and found snaring to be more efficient than staff or public hunting. Vegetation monitoring revealed a strong temporal increase in cover of native ferns, and marginally non-significant decreases in cover of bryophytes and exposed soil.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Hess, S.C., Jeffrey, J.J., Ball, D., and Babich, L., 2006,  Efficacy of feral pig removals at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge: Technical Report HCSU-004, viii, 60 p.","productDescription":"viii, 60 p.","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.43663024902344,\n              19.71241464369998\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.072021484375,\n              19.71241464369998\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.072021484375,\n              20.03206422350981\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.43663024902344,\n              20.03206422350981\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.43663024902344,\n              19.71241464369998\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58009d56e4b0824b2d183b98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":650847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jeffrey, John J.","contributorId":55256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffrey","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ball, Donna L.","contributorId":53112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ball","given":"Donna","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Babich, Lev","contributorId":175353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babich","given":"Lev","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79515,"text":"ofr20061367 - 2006 - The Unified Lunar Control Network 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T16:32:47","indexId":"ofr20061367","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1367","title":"The Unified Lunar Control Network 2005","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report documents a new general unified lunar control network and lunar topographic model based on a combination of Clementine images and a previous network derived from Earth-based &amp; Apollo photographs, and Mariner 10, &amp; Galileo images. This photogrammetric network solution is the largest planetary control network ever completed. It includes the determination of the 3-D positions of 272,931 points on the lunar surface and the correction of the camera angles for 43,866 Clementine images, using 546,126 tie point measurements. The solution RMS is 20 μm (= 0.9 pixels) in the image plane, with the largest residual of 6.4 pixels. The explanation given here, along with the accompanying files, comprises the release of the network information and of global lunar digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from the network. A paper that will describe the solution and network in further detail will be submitted to a refereed journal, and will include additional background information, solution details, discussion of accuracy and precision, and explanatory figures.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061367","usgsCitation":"Archinal, B.A., Rosiek, M.R., Kirk, R.L., and Redding, B.L., 2006, The Unified Lunar Control Network 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1367, iii, 18 p.; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061367.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p.; data files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6725af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archinal, Brent A. 0000-0002-6654-0742 barchinal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0742","contributorId":2816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"Brent","email":"barchinal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosiek, Mark R. mrosiek@usgs.gov","contributorId":824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosiek","given":"Mark","email":"mrosiek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Redding, Bonnie L. 0000-0001-8178-1467 bredding@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1467","contributorId":4798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redding","given":"Bonnie","email":"bredding@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79507,"text":"sir20065284 - 2006 - Peak Discharge, Flood Profile, Flood Inundation, and Debris Movement Accompanying the Failure of the Upper Reservoir at the Taum Sauk Pump Storage Facility near Lesterville, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"sir20065284","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5284","title":"Peak Discharge, Flood Profile, Flood Inundation, and Debris Movement Accompanying the Failure of the Upper Reservoir at the Taum Sauk Pump Storage Facility near Lesterville, Missouri","docAbstract":"The Taum Sauk pump-storage hydroelectric power plant located in Reynolds County, Missouri, uses turbines that operate as pumps and hydraulic head generated by discharging water from an upper to a lower reservoir to produce electricity. A 55-acre upper reservoir with a 1.5- billion gallon capacity was built on top of Proffit Mountain, approximately 760 feet above the floodplain of the East Fork Black River. At approximately 5:16 am on December 14, 2005, a 680-foot wide section of the upper reservoir embankment failed suddenly, sending water rushing down the western side of Proffit Mountain and emptying into the floodplain of East Fork Black River. Flood waters from the upper reservoir flowed downstream through Johnson's Shut-Ins State Park and into the lower reservoir of the East Fork Black River. Floods such as this present unique challenges and opportunities to analyze and document peak-flow characteristics, flood profiles, inundation extents, and debris movement. \r\n\r\nOn December 16, 2005, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were collected and used to support hydraulic analyses, forensic failure analyses, damage extent, and mitigation of future disasters. To evaluate the impact of sedimentation in the lower reservoir, a bathymetric survey conducted on December 22 and 23, 2005, was compared to a previous bathymetric survey conducted in April, 2005. Survey results indicated the maximum reservoir capacity difference of 147 acre-feet existed at a pool elevation of 730 feet. \r\n\r\nPeak discharge estimates of 289,000 cubic feet per second along Proffit Mountain and 95,000 cubic feet per second along the East Fork Black River were determined through indirect measurement techniques. The magnitude of the embankment failure flood along the East Fork Black River was approximately 4 times greater than the 100-year flood frequency estimate of 21,900 cubic feet per second, and approximately 3 times greater than the 500-year flood frequency estimate of 30,500 cubic feet per second. Dynamic wave unsteady flow models Dam Break (DAMBRK) and Unsteady NETwork (UNET) were used to route the flood wave from the embankment failure breach of the upper reservoir to the spillway of the lower reservoir. Simulated velocities ranged from 20 to 51 feet per second along Proffit Mountain and 12 to 32 feet per second along the East Fork Black River. Simulated arrival time of the flood wave took approximately 5.5 to 6.0 minutes to enter into the floodplain of the East Fork Black River, and roughly 29 minutes to begin filling the lower reservoir. Simulated shear stress values reached as high as 232 pounds per square foot along the slope of Proffit Mountain and 144 pounds per square foot within the Shut-Ins. Flood depths from the embankment failure may have reached greater than 50 feet along Proffit Mountain and as much as 30 to 40 feet along the East Fork Black River. \r\n\r\nA steady-state model was used to develop 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year flood frequency profiles along the East Fork Black River. A similar flood event, hypothetically resulting from a breach of the east embankment above Taum Sauk Creek, was simulated along with the 100- and 500-year flood profiles on Taum Sauk Creek. Estimated extents of flood inundation were developed for each profile. \r\n\r\nDebris movement was extensive as a result of the flood wave moving down Proffit Mountain and through Johnson's Shut-Ins State Park. A quantitative assessment of debris movement was conducted to benefit rehabilitation efforts within the park. Approximately 180 acres of timber were affected as a result of the embankment failure flood.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065284","usgsCitation":"Rydlund, P.H., 2006, Peak Discharge, Flood Profile, Flood Inundation, and Debris Movement Accompanying the Failure of the Upper Reservoir at the Taum Sauk Pump Storage Facility near Lesterville, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5284, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065284.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9064,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5284/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rydlund, Paul H. Jr. 0000-0001-9461-9944 prydlund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-9944","contributorId":3840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rydlund","given":"Paul","suffix":"Jr.","email":"prydlund@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79500,"text":"sir20065131 - 2006 - Statistical analyses of hydrologic system components and simulation of Edwards aquifer water-level response to rainfall using transfer-function models, San Antonio region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T20:27:50.343036","indexId":"sir20065131","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5131","title":"Statistical analyses of hydrologic system components and simulation of Edwards aquifer water-level response to rainfall using transfer-function models, San Antonio region, Texas","docAbstract":"In 2003 the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, did a study using historical data to statistically analyze hydrologic system components in the San Antonio region of Texas and to develop transfer-function models to simulate water levels at selected sites (wells) in the Edwards aquifer on the basis of rainfall. Water levels for two wells in the confined zone in Medina County and one well in the confined zone in Bexar County were highly correlated and showed little or no lag time between water-level responses. Water levels in these wells also were highly correlated with springflow at Comal Springs. Water-level hydrographs for 35 storms showed that an individual well can respond differently to similar amounts of rainfall. Fourteen water-level-recession hydrographs for a Medina County well showed that recession rates were variable. Transfer-function models were developed to simulate water levels at one confined-zone well and two recharge-zone wells in response to rainfall. For the confined-zone well, 50 percent of the simulated water levels are within 10 feet of the measured water levels, and 80 percent of the simulated water levels are within 15 feet of the measured water levels. For one recharge-zone well, 50 percent of the simulated water levels are within 5 feet of the measured water levels, and 90 percent of the simulated water levels are within 14 feet of the measured water levels. For the other recharge-zone well, 50 percent of the simulated water levels are within 14 feet of the measured water levels, and 90 percent of the simulated water levels are within 27 feet of the measured water levels. The transfer-function models showed that (1) the Edwards aquifer in the San Antonio region responds differently to recharge (effective rainfall) at different wells; and (2) multiple flow components are present in the aquifer. If simulated long-term system response results from a change in the hydrologic budget, then water levels would be difficult to simulate accurately.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065131","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Miller, L.D., and Long, A.J., 2006, Statistical analyses of hydrologic system components and simulation of Edwards aquifer water-level response to rainfall using transfer-function models, San Antonio region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5131, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065131.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9057,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5131/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407651,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78788.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -100.4,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7444,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7444,\n              30.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.4,\n              30.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.4,\n              29\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48aae4b07f02db52c769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Lisa D. 0000-0002-3523-0768 ldmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0768","contributorId":1125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Lisa","email":"ldmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7385-8081 ajlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8081","contributorId":989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew","email":"ajlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79463,"text":"sir20065274 - 2006 - Development of a Precipitation-Runoff Model to Simulate Unregulated Streamflow in the Salmon Creek Basin, Okanogan County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"sir20065274","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5274","title":"Development of a Precipitation-Runoff Model to Simulate Unregulated Streamflow in the Salmon Creek Basin, Okanogan County, Washington","docAbstract":"Surface water has been diverted from the Salmon Creek Basin for irrigation purposes since the early 1900s, when the Bureau of Reclamation built the Okanogan Project. Spring snowmelt runoff is stored in two reservoirs, Conconully Reservoir and Salmon Lake Reservoir, and gradually released during the growing season. As a result of the out-of-basin streamflow diversions, the lower 4.3 miles of Salmon Creek typically has been a dry creek bed for almost 100 years, except during the spring snowmelt season during years of high runoff. To continue meeting the water needs of irrigators but also leave water in lower Salmon Creek for fish passage and to help restore the natural ecosystem, changes are being considered in how the Okanogan Project is operated.\r\n\r\nThis report documents development of a precipitation-runoff model for the Salmon Creek Basin that can be used to simulate daily unregulated streamflows. The precipitation-runoff model is a component of a Decision Support System (DSS) that includes a water-operations model the Bureau of Reclamation plans to develop to study the water resources of the Salmon Creek Basin. The DSS will be similar to the DSS that the Bureau of Reclamation and the U.S. Geological Survey developed previously for the Yakima River Basin in central southern Washington.\r\n\r\nThe precipitation-runoff model was calibrated for water years 1950-89 and tested for water years 1990-96. The model was used to simulate daily streamflows that were aggregated on a monthly basis and calibrated against historical monthly streamflows for Salmon Creek at Conconully Dam. Additional calibration data were provided by the snowpack water-equivalent record for a SNOTEL station in the basin. Model input time series of daily precipitation and minimum and maximum air temperatures were based on data from climate stations in the study area. Historical records of unregulated streamflow for Salmon Creek at Conconully Dam do not exist for water years 1950-96. Instead, estimates of historical monthly mean unregulated streamflow based on reservoir outflows and storage changes were used as a surrogate for the missing data and to calibrate and test the model. The estimated unregulated streamflows were corrected for evaporative losses from Conconully Reservoir (about 1 ft3/s) and ground-water losses from the basin (about 2 ft3/s). The total of the corrections was about 9 percent of the mean uncorrected streamflow of 32.2 ft3/s (23,300 acre-ft/yr) for water years 1949-96. For the calibration period, the basinwide mean annual evapotranspiration was simulated to be 19.1 inches, or about 83 percent of the mean annual precipitation of 23.1 inches.\r\n\r\nModel calibration and testing indicated that the daily streamflows simulated using the precipitation-runoff model should be used only to analyze historical and forecasted annual mean and April-July mean streamflows for Salmon Creek at Conconully Dam. Because of the paucity of model input data and uncertainty in the estimated unregulated streamflows, the model is not adequately calibrated and tested to estimate monthly mean streamflows for individual months, such as during low-flow periods, or for shorter periods such as during peak flows. No data were available to test the accuracy of simulated streamflows for lower Salmon Creek. As a result, simulated streamflows for lower Salmon Creek should be used with caution.\r\n\r\nFor the calibration period (water years 1950-89), both the simulated mean annual streamflow and the simulated mean April-July streamflow compared well with the estimated uncorrected unregulated streamflow (UUS) and corrected unregulated streamflow (CUS). The simulated mean annual streamflow exceeded UUS by 5.9 percent and was less than CUS by 2.7 percent. Similarly, the simulated mean April-July streamflow exceeded UUS by 1.8 percent and was less than CUS by 3.1 percent. However, streamflow was significantly undersimulated during the low-flow, baseflow-dominated months of November through F","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065274","usgsCitation":"van Heeswijk, M., 2006, Development of a Precipitation-Runoff Model to Simulate Unregulated Streamflow in the Salmon Creek Basin, Okanogan County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5274, vi, 36 p.; 16 figs.; 6 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065274.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.; 16 figs.; 6 tables","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9000,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5274/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666edf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Heeswijk, Marijke heeswijk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Heeswijk","given":"Marijke","email":"heeswijk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79458,"text":"fs20063138 - 2006 - Ground-Water Flow Modeling by the U.S. Geological Survey in Nevada: Uses and Approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-18T11:13:55.323577","indexId":"fs20063138","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3138","title":"Ground-Water Flow Modeling by the U.S. Geological Survey in Nevada: Uses and Approaches","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20063138","usgsCitation":"Belcher, W., and Welch, A., 2006, Ground-Water Flow Modeling by the U.S. Geological Survey in Nevada: Uses and Approaches: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3138, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063138.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3138.jpg"},{"id":8995,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3138/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d62c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belcher, Wayne R.","contributorId":79446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcher","given":"Wayne R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79456,"text":"sim2920 - 2006 - Geologic Map of the Mylitta Fluctus Quadrangle (V-61), Venus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T14:18:39","indexId":"sim2920","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2920","title":"Geologic Map of the Mylitta Fluctus Quadrangle (V-61), Venus","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe Magellan Mission\r\n\r\nThe Magellan spacecraft orbited Venus from August 10, 1990, until it plunged into the Venusian atmosphere on October 12, 1994. Magellan Mission objectives included: (1) improving knowledge of the geological processes, surface properties, and geologic history of Venus by analysis of surface radar characteristics, topography, and morphology, and (2) improving the knowledge of the geophysics of Venus by analysis of Venusian gravity.\r\n\r\nThe Magellan spacecraft carried a 12.6-cm radar system to map the surface of Venus. The transmitter and receiver systems were used to collect three data sets: (1) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the surface, (2) passive microwave thermal emission observations, and (3) measurements of the backscattered power at small angles of incidence, which were processed to yield altimetric data. Radar imaging, altimetric, and radiometric mapping of the Venusian surface was done in mission cycles 1, 2, and 3 from September 1990 until September 1992. Ninety-eight percent of the surface was mapped with radar resolution on the order of 120 meters. The SAR observations were projected to a 75-m nominal horizontal resolution, and these full-resolution data compose the image base used in geologic mapping. The primary polarization mode was horizontal-transmit, horizontal-receive (HH), but additional data for selected areas were collected for the vertical polarization sense. Incidence angles varied between about 20? and 45?.\r\n\r\nHigh resolution Doppler tracking of the spacecraft took place from September 1992 through October 1994 (mission cycles 4, 5, 6). Approximately 950 orbits of high-resolution gravity observations were obtained between September 1992 and May 1993 while Magellan was in an elliptical orbit with a periapsis near 175 km and an apoapsis near 8,000 km. An additional 1,500 orbits were obtained following orbit-circularization in mid-1993. These data exist as a 75? by 75? harmonic field.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim2920","isbn":"1411310500","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Ivanov, M.A., and Head, J.W., 2006, Geologic Map of the Mylitta Fluctus Quadrangle (V-61), Venus (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2920, Map: 42 x 46 inches; Pamphlet: 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2920.","productDescription":"Map: 42 x 46 inches; Pamphlet: 17 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-09-01","temporalEnd":"1993-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":130,"text":"Astrogeology Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9350,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2920/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","projection":"Planetary","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae069","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivanov, Mikhail A.","contributorId":25245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"Mikhail","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Head, James W. III","contributorId":102954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79447,"text":"sir20065170 - 2006 - Environmental Setting of the Sugar Creek and Leary Weber Ditch Basins, Indiana, 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T09:05:38","indexId":"sir20065170","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5170","title":"Environmental Setting of the Sugar Creek and Leary Weber Ditch Basins, Indiana, 2002-04","docAbstract":"<p>The Leary Weber Ditch Basin is nested within the Sugar Creek Basin in central Indiana. These basins make up one of the five study sites in the Nation selected for the Agricultural Chemicals: Sources, Transport, and Fate topical study, a part of the U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s National Water-Quality Assessment Program. In this topical study, identifying the natural factors and human influences affecting water quality in the Leary Weber Ditch and Sugar Creek Basins are the focus of the assessment. A detailed comparison between the environmental settings of these basins is presented. Specifics of the topical study design as implemented in the Leary Weber Ditch and Sugar Creek Basins are described.</p>\n<p>The Leary Weber Ditch and Sugar Creek Basins have moderate temperatures with well-defined winter and summer seasons. The mean annual precipitation is 39.5 inches, with the majority of rainfall in spring and early summer and the lowest amount of precipitation in winter. Yearly, an average of 25 inches of moisture moves into the atmosphere as a result of evapotranspiration.</p>\n<p>Physiographically, both basins are contained completely within the New Castle Till Plains and Drainageways. The gradients of the valleys of Leary Weber Ditch and Sugar Creek differ substantially. Most of the Sugar Creek Basin and the entire Leary Weber Ditch Basin overlie a combination of Devonian limestone and dolomite bedrock. Unconsolidated materials (sand and gravel) overlie much of the bedrock in the basins. Soils are either loam or silt loam, generally deep, poorly drained, medium textured, and nearly level. The potential for surface erosion is negligible because runoff is slow. Available water capacity is high. Natural fertility and organic matter are moderate. Soils are naturally suited to row crops.</p>\n<p>Agriculture is the principal land use in the Leary Weber Ditch and Sugar Creek Basins. Respectively, 87 percent and 75 percent of the total land area in these basins are used for row crops. The cropped areas within the basins are divided nearly equally between corn and soybeans. Farming practices in the area employ a wide range of tools to promote growth and inhibit vegetative competition; these include the use of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Tile drains are used extensively to improve yields and make the soils farmable. Irrigation and manure application in the study area are minimal.</p>\n<p>Most of the study area is in Hancock County, Indiana. The county population is approximately 61,000. There are no large cities in either basin; most residents live in small communities or rural areas. Water use in Hancock County totalled 6.37 million gallons per day during 2002. Drinking water comes entirely from ground water.</p>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey operates streamflow-gaging stations at Sugar Creek at New Palestine and at Leary Weber Ditch at Mohawk within the study area. Mean daily streamflow for Sugar Creek is higher than streamflow at Leary Weber Ditch. Through most of its length, Sugar Creek is a gaining stream and base flow is supported by ground-water sources. At Leary Weber Ditch, there is little to no streamflow when tile drains are dry. Modifications to the natural hydrology of the study area include a large system of tile drains, the intersection of Sugar Creek by several major roads, and outflows from nearby wastewater-treatment plants. Leary Weber Ditch is affected only by tile drains.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065170","usgsCitation":"Lathrop, T., 2006, Environmental Setting of the Sugar Creek and Leary Weber Ditch Basins, Indiana, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5170, viii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065170.","productDescription":"viii, 27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2004-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065170.GIF"},{"id":8988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5170/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Leary Weber Ditch, Sugar Creek Basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.748046875,\n              39.08743603215884\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.748046875,\n              40.157885249506506\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.40771484375,\n              40.157885249506506\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.40771484375,\n              39.08743603215884\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.748046875,\n              39.08743603215884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66776a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lathrop, Timothy R. trlathro@usgs.gov","contributorId":4065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lathrop","given":"Timothy R.","email":"trlathro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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