We studied the movements and foraging effort of radio-marked Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) and Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) to evaluate habitat quality in an area impacted by industrial activity near Dutch Harbor, Alaska. Foraging effort was relatively low, with Steller's Eiders foraging only 2.7 ± 0.6 (SE) hours per day and Harlequin Ducks 4.1 ± 0.5 hours per day. Low-foraging effort during periods of high-energetic demand generally suggests high food availability, and high food availability frequently corresponds with reductions in home range size. However, the winter ranges of Harlequin Ducks did not appear to be smaller than usual, with the mean range size in our study (5.5 ± 1.1 km2) similar to that reported by previous investigators. The mean size of the winter ranges of Steller's Eiders was similar (5.1 ± 1.3 km2), but no comparable estimates are available. Eutrophication of the waters near Dutch Harbor caused by seafood processing and municipal sewage effluent may have increased populations of the invertebrate prey of these sea ducks and contributed to their low-foraging effort. The threat of predation by Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) that winter near Dutch Harbor may cause Steller's Eiders and Harlequin Ducks to move further offshore when not foraging, contributing to an increase in range sizes. Thus, the movement patterns and foraging behavior of these ducks likely represent a balance between the cost and benefits of wintering in a human-influenced environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00093.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Reed, J.A., and Flint, P.L., 2007, Movements and foraging effort of Steller's Eiders and Harlequin Ducks wintering near Dutch Harbor, Alaska: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 78, no. 2, p. 124-132, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00093.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"132","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477080,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00093.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213381,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00093.x"}],"volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f55e4b0c8380cd70ebc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, John A. 0000-0002-3239-6906 jareed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-6906","contributorId":127683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John","email":"jareed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032930,"text":"70032930 - 2007 - Diversity of terrestrial avifauna in response to distance from the shoreline of the Salton Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T11:18:43.845764","indexId":"70032930","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diversity of terrestrial avifauna in response to distance from the shoreline of the Salton Sea","docAbstract":"Large aquatic bodies influence surrounding terrestrial ecosystems by providing water and nutrients. In arid landscapes, the increased primary productivity that results may greatly enhance vertebrate biodiversity. The Salton Sea, a large saline lake in the Colorado Desert of southern California, provides nutrients in the form of hundreds of thousands of dead fish carcasses, brine flies, and chemical compounds through windborne salt sea spray. We performed point counts for landbirds and shorebirds monthly or every other month between March 2001 and February 2002 across a sampling grid of 35 points along the west edge of Salton Sea. We found that avian diversity (numbers of species and numbers per species) was dependent on proximity to the Sea. Diversity was at a maximum nearest the shore, and was significantly lower away from the Sea's edge, at all surveyed distances up to 1 km from the shore. Cover by the dominant shrubs on the study site also corresponded to proximity to the water's edge. Whereas one may hypothesize that the avian diversity patterns are caused by these differences in vegetation structure, our data did not support this. Future studies should further investigate this potential correlation between vegetation and bird patterns. Until more is understood about the relationship between elevated avian diversity and the physical environment of the land-shore interface, our results suggest that the Sea's surface be stabilized near its present level. Future management schemes at the Salton Sea that include reductions of water sources should be carefully analyzed, so as to not jeopardize the terrestrial avifauna at this unique ecosystem.
The study of coastal groundwater has recently surfaced as an active interdisciplinary area of research, driven foremost by its importance as a poorly quantified pathway for subsurface material transport into coastal ecosystems. Key issue in coastal groundwater research include a complete geochemical characterization of the groundwater(s); quantification of the kinetics of subsurface transport, including rock-water interactions; determination of groundwater ages; tracing of groundwater discharge into coastal waters using radiochemical fingerprints; and an assessment of the potential ecological impact of such subsurface flow to a reviving water body. For such applications, the isotopic systemics of select naturally occurring radionucludes in the U/Th series has proven to be particularly useful. These radionuclides (e.g., U, Th, Ram and Rn) are ubiquitous in all groundwaters ad are represented by several isotopes with widely different half-lives and chemistries (Figure 1). As a result, varied biogeochemical processes occurring over a broad range of time scales can be studied.
\nIn source rock, most U/Th series isotopes in secular equilibrium; that is, the rate of decay of a daughter isotope is equal to that of it radiogenic parent, and so will have equal activities (in this context, the specific activity is simply a measure of the amount of radioactivity per unit amount). In contrast, these nuclides exhibit strong fractionations within the surrounding groundwaters because of their respective physiochemical differences. Disequilibria in U/Th series radionuclides can thus be used to identify distinct water masses, quantify release rates from source rocks, assess groundwater migration rates, and assess groundwater discharge rates in coastal waters., Large isotopic variations also have the potential for providing precise fingerprints for groundwaters from specific aquifers and have been explored as a means for calculating groundwater ages and estuarine water mass transit times.
\nThe highly fractionated nature of U/Th series nuclides in groundwater is illustrated by the range in some measured activities. highest activities are typically observed for 222Rn, reflecting the inert nature of this noble gas. Groundwater 222Rn (t1/2=3.8) activities are thus controlled only by rapid in situ decay (Table 1) and production within host rocks, without the added complications of reversible removal via absorption or precipitation. Uranium, which is soluble as U(VI) in oxidizing waters, is present in intermediate activities in groundwaters that are moderated by redox-initiated removal onto aquifer rocks. The alkaline earth Ra and, to a greater extent, the less soluble actinide Th are readily removed from groundwater by water -- rock interactions and so are strongly depleted. Both of these elements have very short-lived as well as longer-lived isotopes, and so isotopes compositions reflect processes over a range of time scales.
\nMany studies have evaluated and behavior of select radionuclides in groundwater and surface water systems. Recent advances in high-=precision mass spectrometry have opted new possibilities for more subtle interpretations in select long-lived U/Th series isotopes, such as U, Ra, Pa, and Th. However, these techniques have yet to be fully developed, ahns as a consequence, such data remain largely scarce and underutilized. Although many different approaches have been developed to study radionucluide behavior in groundwater, all are based on principles of radioactive production and decay and knowledge of source terms from weathering and recoil processes, as well as removal terms from the interaction with aquifer host rock surface by sorption and precipitation.
\nThis review is structured to present first a brief description of the background, driving forces, scales, and ecological significance of submarine groundwater discharge. Following this, a description of the geochemistry and behavior of select radionuclides in groundwater will be presented, and their application to tracing submarine groundwater discharge will be discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/cr0503761","issn":"00092665","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., 2007, U/Th series radionuclides as coastal groundwater tracers: Chemical Reviews, v. 107, no. 2, p. 663-674, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0503761.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"663","endPage":"674","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213233,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr0503761"},{"id":240838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb36e4b08c986b328580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032923,"text":"70032923 - 2007 - Ecological linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems: Transport of organic matter, invertebrates, and wood down headwater channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70032923","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems: Transport of organic matter, invertebrates, and wood down headwater channels","docAbstract":"Headwater streams make up a large proportion of the total length and watershed area of fluvial networks, and are partially characterized by the large volume of organic matter (large wood, detritus, and dissolved organic matter) and invertebrate inputs from the riparian forest, relative to stream size. Much of those inputs are exported to downstream reaches through time where they potentially subsidize river communities. The relative rates, timing, and conversion processes that carry inputs from small streams to downstream reaches are reasonably well quantified. For example, larger particles are converted to smaller particles, which are more easily exported. Also, dissolved organic matter and surface biofilms are converted to larger particles which can be more easily intercepted by consumers. However, the quality of these materials as it affects biological activity downstream is not well known, nor is the extent to which timing permits biological use of those particles. These ecological unknowns need to be resolved. Further, land uses may disrupt and diminish material transport to downstream reaches by removing sources (e.g., forest harvest), by affecting transport and decomposition processes (e.g., flow regulation, irrigation, changes in biotic communities), and by altering mechanisms of storage within headwaters (e.g., channelization). We present conceptual models of energy and nutrient fluxes that outline small stream processes and pathways important to downstream communities, and we identify informational gaps that, if filled, could significantly advance the understanding of linkages between headwater streams and larger rivers. The models, based on empirical evidence and best professional judgment, suggest that navigable waters are significantly influenced by headwater streams through hydrological and ecological connectivities, and land use can dramatically influence these natural connectivities, impacting downstream riverine ecosystems. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00007.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Wipfli, M., Richardson, J., and Naiman, R., 2007, Ecological linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems: Transport of organic matter, invertebrates, and wood down headwater channels: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 1, p. 72-85, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00007.x.","startPage":"72","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213232,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00007.x"},{"id":240837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0558e4b0c8380cd50d78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wipfli, M.S.","contributorId":51963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, J.S.","contributorId":80642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naiman, R.J.","contributorId":14354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naiman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032920,"text":"70032920 - 2007 - Influences of wildfire and channel reorganization on spatial and temporal variation in stream temperature and the distribution of fish and amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:27:24","indexId":"70032920","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of wildfire and channel reorganization on spatial and temporal variation in stream temperature and the distribution of fish and amphibians","docAbstract":"Wildfire can influence a variety of stream ecosystem properties. We studied stream temperatures in relation to wildfire in small streams in the Boise River Basin, located in central Idaho, USA. To examine the spatio-temporal aspects of temperature in relation to wildfire, we employed three approaches: a pre-post fire comparison of temperatures between two sites (one from a burned stream and one unburned) over 13 years, a short-term (3 year) pre-post fire comparison of a burned and unburned stream with spatially extensive data, and a short-term (1 year) comparative study of spatial variability in temperatures using a \"space for time\" substitutive design across 90 sites in nine streams (retrospective comparative study). The latter design included streams with a history of stand-replacing wildfire and streams with severe post-fire reorganization of channels due to debris flows and flooding. Results from these three studies indicated that summer maximum water temperatures can remain significantly elevated for at least a decade following wildfire, particularly in streams with severe channel reorganization. In the retrospective comparative study we investigated occurrence of native rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and tailed frog larvae (Ascaphus montanus) in relation to maximum stream temperatures during summer. Both occurred in nearly every site sampled, but tailed frog larvae were found in much warmer water than previously reported in the field (26.6??C maximum summer temperature). Our results show that physical stream habitats can remain altered (for example, increased temperature) for many years following wildfire, but that native aquatic vertebrates can be resilient. In a management context, this suggests wildfire may be less of a threat to native species than human influences that alter the capacity of stream-living vertebrates to persist in the face of natural disturbance. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10021-007-9029-8","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Dunham, J., Rosenberger, A., Luce, C., and Rieman, B., 2007, Influences of wildfire and channel reorganization on spatial and temporal variation in stream temperature and the distribution of fish and amphibians: Ecosystems, v. 10, no. 2, p. 335-346, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9029-8.","startPage":"335","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213202,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9029-8"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3baee4b0c8380cd6275b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunham, J. B. 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":96637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, A.E.","contributorId":98526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luce, C.H.","contributorId":81057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rieman, B.E.","contributorId":67283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032902,"text":"70032902 - 2007 - Effects of sea-level rise on ground water flow in a coastal aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70032902","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sea-level rise on ground water flow in a coastal aquifer system","docAbstract":"The effects of sea-level rise on the depth to the fresh water/salt water interface were simulated by using a density-dependent, three-dimensional numerical ground water flow model for a simplified hypothetical fresh water lens that is similar to shallow, coastal aquifers found along the Atlantic coast of the United States. Simulations of sea-level rise of 2.65 mm/year from 1929 to 2050 resulted in an increase in water levels relative to a fixed datum, yet a net decrease in water levels relative to the increased sea-level position. The net decrease in water levels was much greater near a gaining stream than farther from the stream. The difference in the change in water levels is attributed to the dampening effect of the stream on water level changes in response to sea-level rise. In response to the decreased water level altitudes relative to local sea level, the depth to the fresh water/salt water interface decreased. This reduction in the thickness of the fresh water lens varied throughout the aquifer and was greatly affected by proximity to a ground water fed stream and whether the stream was tidally influenced. Away from the stream, the thickness of the fresh water lens decreased by about 2% from 1929 to 2050, whereas the fresh water lens thickness decreased by about 22% to 31% for the same period near the stream, depending on whether the stream was tidally influenced. The difference in the change in the fresh water/salt water interface position is controlled by the difference in the net decline in water levels relative to local sea level. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00279.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., and Garabedian, S., 2007, Effects of sea-level rise on ground water flow in a coastal aquifer system: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 2, p. 209-217, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00279.x.","startPage":"209","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213410,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00279.x"},{"id":241034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07c0e4b0c8380cd517f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":102516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garabedian, S. P.","contributorId":56657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garabedian","given":"S. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032901,"text":"70032901 - 2007 - Spatiotemporal variability of stream habitat and movement of three species of fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70032901","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal variability of stream habitat and movement of three species of fish","docAbstract":"Relationships between environmental variability and movement are poorly understood, due to both their complexity and the limited ecological scope of most movement studies. We studied movements of fantail (Etheostoma flabellare), riverweed (E. podostemone), and Roanoke darters (Percina roanoka) through two stream systems during two summers. We then related movement to variability in measured habitat attributes using logistic regression and exploratory data plots. We indexed habitat conditions at both microhabitat (i.e., patches of uniform depth, velocity, and substrate) and mesohabitat (i.e., riffle and pool channel units) spatial scales, and determined how local habitat conditions were affected by landscape spatial (i.e., longitudinal position, land use) and temporal contexts. Most spatial variability in habitat conditions and fish movement was unexplained by a site's location on the landscape. Exceptions were microhabitat diversity, which was greater in the less-disturbed watershed, and riffle isolation and predator density in pools, which were greater at more-downstream sites. Habitat conditions and movement also exhibited only minor temporal variability, but the relative influences of habitat attributes on movement were quite variable over time. During the first year, movements of fantail and riverweed darters were triggered predominantly by loss of shallow microhabitats; whereas, during the second year, microhabitat diversity was more strongly related (though in opposite directions) to movement of these two species. Roanoke darters did not move in response to microhabitat-scale variables, presumably because of the species' preference for deeper microhabitats that changed little over time. Conversely, movement of all species appeared to be constrained by riffle isolation and predator density in pools, two mesohabitat-scale attributes. Relationships between environmental variability and movement depended on both the spatiotemporal scale of consideration and the ecology of the species. Future studies that integrate across scales, taxa, and life-histories are likely to provide greater insight into movement ecology than will traditional, single-season, single-species approaches. ?? 2006 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-006-0598-6","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Roberts, J., and Angermeier, P., 2007, Spatiotemporal variability of stream habitat and movement of three species of fish: Oecologia, v. 151, no. 3, p. 417-430, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0598-6.","startPage":"417","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0598-6"},{"id":241033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"151","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94d1e4b08c986b31ac68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, J.H.","contributorId":84483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angermeier, P. L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":6410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032900,"text":"70032900 - 2007 - Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70032900","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment","docAbstract":"The lengths of marked specimens of the freshwater mussel, Eastern Elliptio (Elliptio complanata [Lightfoot 1786]), were monitored annually in 3 lakes in Rhode Island, USA, from 1991 to 2005. Mussels growing in Worden Pond showed a change in mean shell length of only 4.3 mm over 14 y, whereas mussel growth in 2 nearby lakes was 3 to 8x greater than growth in Worden Pond over the same time period. L???, the length at which shell growth stops, was significantly different (p < 0.001) among lakes and ranged from 60.5 to 87.4 mm. Transplant experiments revealed that mussels moved to Worden Pond stopped growing, whereas mussels moved from Worden Pond to the 2 other lakes grew at rates similar to the rates observed for resident mussels in the 2 lakes. Standard water-quality measures did not explain the observed growth cessation and lower condition indices of mussels in Worden Pond. Our growth data are consistent with food limitation. The consistent slow growth of E. complanata in Worden Pond, without high mortality, and its ability to increase growth when placed in environments more favorable than Worden Pond, suggests both growth plasticity and longevity in these animals. ?? 2007 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Kesler, D., Newton, T., and Green, L., 2007, Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 26, no. 1, p. 123-133, https://doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"123","endPage":"133","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213380,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":241001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a499ae4b0c8380cd6875c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kesler, D.H.","contributorId":38367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kesler","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, L.","contributorId":74584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032897,"text":"70032897 - 2007 - Effects of surface-water irrigation on sources, fluxes, and residence times of water, nitrate, and uranium in an alluvial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:49:25","indexId":"70032897","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of surface-water irrigation on sources, fluxes, and residence times of water, nitrate, and uranium in an alluvial aquifer","docAbstract":"Effects of surface-water irrigation on an alluvial aquifer were evaluated using chemical and isotopic data including δ2H, δ18O, 3H, δ3He, Ar, Ne, N2, δ15N, and 234U/238U activity ratios in a transect of nested wells in the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska, USA. The data were used to evaluate sources and fluxes of H2O,
Several western ranid frogs possess a unique strategy of breeding communally over a short temporal window and reusing oviposition sites between years. However, little is published on the characteristics of oviposition sites selected by these explosive breeders. The Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) is native to northwestern North America and is of conservation concern in the southern portions of its range. As part of a study examining relationships between livestock grazing and R. luteiventris habitat, we assessed characteristics of the species' oviposition sites in 25 fishless ponds in northeastern Oregon. Oviposition sites were generally in shallow water (<25 cm) close to shore and tended to be in the northeastern portion of ponds. Oviposition sites were found more frequently over heavily vegetated substrates and in areas of less substrate slope and shade than random points in littoral zones. We did not quantify temperature differences within ponds, but the patterns we documented are consistent with preferential use of warmer microhabitats for oviposition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[86:COCSFR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Pearl, C.A., Adams, M.J., and Wente, W., 2007, Characteristics of Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) oviposition sites in northeastern Oregon, USA: Western North American Naturalist, v. 67, no. 1, p. 86-91, https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[86:COCSFR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487783,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol67/iss1/12","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213322,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[86:COCSFR]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f490e4b0c8380cd4bdb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearl, Christopher A. 0000-0003-2943-7321 christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":3131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wente, Wendy","contributorId":60497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wente","given":"Wendy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032894,"text":"70032894 - 2007 - The role of headwater streams in downstream water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70032894","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of headwater streams in downstream water quality","docAbstract":"Knowledge of headwater influences on the water-quality and flow conditions of downstream waters is essential to water-resource management at all governmental levels; this includes recent court decisions on the jurisdiction of the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA) over upland areas that contribute to larger downstream water bodies. We review current watershed research and use a water-quality model to investigate headwater influences on downstream receiving waters. Our evaluations demonstrate the intrinsic connections of headwaters to landscape processes and downstream waters through their influence on the supply, transport, and fate of water and solutes in watersheds. Hydrological processes in headwater catchments control the recharge of subsurface water stores, flow paths, and residence times of water throughout landscapes. The dynamic coupling of hydrological and biogeochemical processes in upland streams further controls the chemical form, timing, and longitudinal distances of solute transport to downstream waters. We apply the spatially explicit, mass-balance watershed model SPARROW to consider transport and transformations of water and nutrients throughout stream networks in the northeastern United States. We simulate fluxes of nitrogen, a primary nutrient that is a water-quality concern for acidification of streams and lakes and eutrophication of coastal waters, and refine the model structure to include literature observations of nitrogen removal in streams and lakes. We quantify nitrogen transport from headwaters to downstream navigable waters, where headwaters are defined within the model as first-order, perennial streams that include flow and nitrogen contributions from smaller, intermittent and ephemeral streams. We find that first-order headwaters contribute approximately 70% of the mean-annual water volume and 65% of the nitrogen flux in second-order streams. Their contributions to mean water volume and nitrogen flux decline only marginally to about 55% and 40% in fourth- and higher-order rivers that include navigable waters and their tributaries. These results underscore the profound influence that headwater areas have on shaping downstream water quantity and water quality. The results have relevance to water-resource management and regulatory decisions and potentially broaden understanding of the spatial extent of Federal CWA jurisdiction in U.S. waters. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00005.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Boyer, E., Smith, R.A., Schwarz, G., and Moore, R.B., 2007, The role of headwater streams in downstream water quality: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 1, p. 41-59, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00005.x.","startPage":"41","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476990,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00005.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213292,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00005.x"},{"id":240904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf74e4b08c986b3247e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyer, E.W.","contributorId":56358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":438409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwarz, G. E. 0000-0002-9239-4566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":14852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"G. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032892,"text":"70032892 - 2007 - Methane gas hydrate effect on sediment acoustic and strength properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T11:55:00","indexId":"70032892","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2419,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane gas hydrate effect on sediment acoustic and strength properties","docAbstract":"To improve our understanding of the interaction of methane gas hydrate with host sediment, we studied: (1) the effects of gas hydrate and ice on acoustic velocity in different sediment types, (2) effect of different hydrate formation mechanisms on measured acoustic properties (3) dependence of shear strength on pore space contents, and (4) pore pressure effects during undrained shear.
A wide range in acoustic p-wave velocities (Vp) were measured in coarse-grained sediment for different pore space occupants. Vp ranged from less than 1 km/s for gas-charged sediment to 1.77–1.94 km/s for water-saturated sediment, 2.91–4.00 km/s for sediment with varying degrees of hydrate saturation, and 3.88–4.33 km/s for frozen sediment. Vp measured in fine-grained sediment containing gas hydrate was substantially lower (1.97 km/s). Acoustic models based on measured Vp indicate that hydrate which formed in high gas flux environments can cement coarse-grained sediment, whereas hydrate formed from methane dissolved in the pore fluid may not.
The presence of gas hydrate and other solid pore-filling material, such as ice, increased the sediment shear strength. The magnitude of that increase is related to the amount of hydrate in the pore space and cementation characteristics between the hydrate and sediment grains. We have found, that for consolidation stresses associated with the upper several hundred meters of sub-bottom depth, pore pressures decreased during shear in coarse-grained sediment containing gas hydrate, whereas pore pressure in fine-grained sediment typically increased during shear. The presence of free gas in pore spaces damped pore pressure response during shear and reduced the strengthening effect of gas hydrate in sands.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2006.02.003","issn":"09204105","usgsCitation":"Winters, W., Waite, W., Mason, D., Gilbert, L., and Pecher, I., 2007, Methane gas hydrate effect on sediment acoustic and strength properties: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 56, no. 1-3, p. 127-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2006.02.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"135","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477008,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1741","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5525e4b0c8380cd6d140","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilbert, L.Y.","contributorId":46754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pecher, I.A.","contributorId":14011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecher","given":"I.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032888,"text":"70032888 - 2007 - Latitudinal variation in population structure of wintering Pacific Black Brant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:46:01","indexId":"70032888","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latitudinal variation in population structure of wintering Pacific Black Brant","docAbstract":"Latitudinal variation in population structure during the winter has been reported in many migratory birds, but has been documented in few species of waterfowl. Variation in environmental and social conditions at wintering sites can potentially influence the population dynamics of differential migrants. We examined latitudinal variation in sex and age classes of wintering Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans). Brant are distributed along a wide latitudinal gradient from Alaska to Mexico during the winter. Accordingly, migration distances for brant using different wintering locations are highly variable and winter settlement patterns are likely associated with a spatially variable food resource. We used resightings of brant banded in southwestern Alaska to examine sex and age ratios of birds wintering at Boundary Bay in British Columbia, and at San Quintin Bay, Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, and San Ignacio Lagoon in Baja California from 1998 to 2000. Sex ratios were similar among wintering locations for adults and were consistent with the mating strategy of geese. The distribution of juveniles varied among wintering areas, with greater proportions of juveniles observed at northern (San Quintin Bay and Ojo de Liebre Lagoon) than at southern (San Ignacio Lagoon) locations in Baja California. We suggest that age-related variation in the winter distribution of Pacific Black Brant is mediated by variation in productivity among individuals at different wintering locations and by social interactions among wintering family groups.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00087.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Schamber, J., Sedinger, J.S., Ward, D.H., and Hagmeier, K., 2007, Latitudinal variation in population structure of wintering Pacific Black Brant: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 78, no. 1, p. 74-82, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00087.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"82","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213683,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00087.x"}],"volume":"78","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4586e4b0c8380cd673c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamber, J.L.","contributorId":92012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamber","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":438388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagmeier, K.R.","contributorId":66924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagmeier","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032887,"text":"70032887 - 2007 - Effects of intermittent flow and irradiance level on back reef Porites corals at elevated seawater temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032887","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of intermittent flow and irradiance level on back reef Porites corals at elevated seawater temperatures","docAbstract":"Corals inhabiting shallow back reef habitats are often simultaneously exposed to elevated seawater temperatures and high irradiance levels, conditions known to cause coral bleaching. Water flow in many tropical back reef systems is tidally influenced, resulting in semi-diurnal or diurnal flow patterns. Controlled experiments were conducted to test effects of semi-diurnally intermittent water flow on photoinhibition and bleaching of the corals Porites lobata and P. cylindrica kept at elevated seawater temperatures and different irradiance levels. All coral colonies were collected from a shallow back reef pool on Ofu Island, American Samoa. In the high irradiance experiments, photoinhibition and bleaching were less for both species in the intermittent high-low flow treatment than in the constant low flow treatment. In the low irradiance experiments, there were no differences in photoinhibition or bleaching for either species between the flow treatments, despite continuously elevated seawater temperatures. These results suggest that intermittent flow associated with semi-diurnal tides, and low irradiances caused by turbidity or shading, may reduce photoinhibition and bleaching of back reef corals during warming events. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.053","issn":"00220981","usgsCitation":"Smith, L., and Birkeland, C., 2007, Effects of intermittent flow and irradiance level on back reef Porites corals at elevated seawater temperatures: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 341, no. 2, p. 282-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.053.","startPage":"282","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213655,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.053"}],"volume":"341","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0728e4b0c8380cd515a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, L.W.","contributorId":52992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birkeland, C.","contributorId":62841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkeland","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032871,"text":"70032871 - 2007 - Bottom sediments and pore waters near a hydrothermal vent in Lake Baikal (Frolikha Bay)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032871","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3314,"text":"Russian Geology and Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bottom sediments and pore waters near a hydrothermal vent in Lake Baikal (Frolikha Bay)","docAbstract":"We discuss the redox environments and the compositions of bottom sediments and sedimentary pore waters in the region of a hydrothermal vent in Frolikha Bay, Lake Baikal. According to our results, the submarine vent and its companion nearby spring on land originate from a common source. The most convincing evidence for their relation comes from the proximity of stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in pore waters and in the spring water. The isotope composition indicates a meteoric origin of pore waters, but their major- and minor-element chemistry bears imprint of deep water which may seep through permeable faulted crust. Although pore waters near the submarine vent have a specific enrichment in major and minor constituents, hydrothermal discharge at the Baikal bottom causes a minor impact on the lake water chemistry, unlike the case of freshwater geothermal lakes in the East-African Rift and North America. ?? 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Russian Geology and Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rgg.2006.04.001","issn":"10687971","usgsCitation":"Granina, L., Klerkx, J., Callender, E., Leermakers, M., and Golobokova, L., 2007, Bottom sediments and pore waters near a hydrothermal vent in Lake Baikal (Frolikha Bay): Russian Geology and Geophysics, v. 48, no. 3, p. 237-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2006.04.001.","startPage":"237","endPage":"246","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213903,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2006.04.001"},{"id":241573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f22be4b0c8380cd4b048","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granina, L.Z.","contributorId":91678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granina","given":"L.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klerkx, J.","contributorId":77370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klerkx","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callender, E.","contributorId":72528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leermakers, M.","contributorId":98956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leermakers","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golobokova, L.P.","contributorId":55218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golobokova","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032865,"text":"70032865 - 2007 - Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032865","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Ground-water recharge estimates for selected locations in the eastern half of the United States were obtained by Darcian and chloride-tracer methods and compared using statistical analyses. Recharge estimates derived from unsaturated-zone (RUZC) and saturated-zone (RSZC) chloride mass balance methods are less variable (interquartile ranges or IQRs are 9.5 and 16.1 cm/yr, respectively) and more strongly correlated with climatic, hydrologic, land use, and sediment variables than Darcian estimates (IQR = 22.8 cm/yr). The unit-gradient Darcian estimates are a nonlinear function of moisture content and also reflect the uncertainty of pedotransfer functions used to estimate hydraulic parameters. Significance level is <0.001 for nearly all explanatory variables having correlations with RUZC of <-0.3 or >0.3. Estimates of RSZC were evaluated using analysis of variance, multiple comparison tests, and an exploratory nonlinear regression (NLR) model. Recharge generally is greater in coastal plain surficial aquifers, fractured crystalline rocks, and carbonate rocks, or in areas with high sand content. Westernmost portions of the study area have low recharge, receive somewhat less precipitation, and contain fine-grained sediment. The NLR model simulates water input to the land surface followed by transport to ground water, depending on factors that either promote or inhibit water infiltration. The model explains a moderate amount of variation in the data set (coefficient of determination = 0.61). Model sensitivity analysis indicates that mean annual runoff, air temperature, and precipitation, and an index of ground-water exfiltration potential most influence estimates of recharge at sampled sites in the region. Soil characteristics and land use have less influence on the recharge estimates, but nonetheless are significant in the NLR model. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Healy, R.W., Taber, P., Perkins, K., Hitt, K., and Wolock, D., 2007, Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States: Journal of Hydrology, v. 332, no. 1-2, p. 187-205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029.","startPage":"187","endPage":"205","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213809,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029"},{"id":241468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"332","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ec4e4b0c8380cd535fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taber, P.E.","contributorId":89729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taber","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perkins, K.","contributorId":73019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032863,"text":"70032863 - 2007 - Effect of compost age and composition on the atrazine removal from solution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032863","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2331,"text":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of compost age and composition on the atrazine removal from solution","docAbstract":"Compost samples from two composting facilities, the Urbana (Illinois) Landscape Recycling Center (ULRC) and Illinois State University (ISU), were selected to examine the effect of compost age on atrazine removal from solution. The ULRC samples were made from yard waste without an additional nitrogen source. The ISU samples were made from yard waste or sawdust with the addition of manure. The 6-month-old ULRC compost had the greater capacity to remove atrazine from solution, which we attributed to its greater organic carbon content. The addition of nitrate into ULRC compost could influence the extent of atrazine removal, but did not have a significant impact on atrazine removal when applied to ISU compost, probably because manure was added to the yard waste to produce the compost. For both ULRC and ISU samples, the presence of sodium azide inhibited atrazine removal, suggesting that microbial activity contributed to the atrazine removal. Metabolic analysis demonstrated that hydroxyatrazine was the major identified metabolite that accumulated in solution before significant ring mineralization could occur. When compared with the ISU compost, the ULRC compost sample had a greater capacity to remove atrazine from solution during the 120 days of study because of the larger humic acid content. The experimental results suggested that less-mature compost may be better suited for environmental applications such as removing atrazine from tile-drainage waters. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.030","issn":"03043894","usgsCitation":"Tsui, L., and Roy, W.R., 2007, Effect of compost age and composition on the atrazine removal from solution: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 139, no. 1, p. 79-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.030.","startPage":"79","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213776,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.030"}],"volume":"139","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05cbe4b0c8380cd50f75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsui, L.","contributorId":86566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsui","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, William R.","contributorId":45454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"William","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032862,"text":"70032862 - 2007 - Trends in monitoring pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in the aquatic environment by use of passive sampling devices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-29T12:33:43","indexId":"70032862","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":764,"text":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in monitoring pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in the aquatic environment by use of passive sampling devices","docAbstract":"The use of passive sampling in monitoring pharmaceuticals and personal-care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment is discussed. The utility of passive sampling methods for monitoring the fraction of heavy metals and the biologically available fraction of non-polar organic priority pollutants is recognized and these technologies are being used in surveys of water quality. These devices are used to measure the dissolved fraction and they can yield information that can be used in the development of risk assessments models. These devices can also be used to locate illegal dumping and to monitor specific sources of input of PPCPs into the environment, or to monitor the effectiveness of water treatment processes in the removal of these compounds from wastewater. These devices can provide representative information at low cost which necessitate a combination of laboratory calibration and field studies for emerging pollutants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00216-006-0773-y","issn":"16182642","usgsCitation":"Mills, G., Vrana, B., Allan, I., Alvarez, D., Huckins, J., and Greenwood, R., 2007, Trends in monitoring pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in the aquatic environment by use of passive sampling devices: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 387, no. 4, p. 1153-1157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0773-y.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"387","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7f0e4b08c986b3275a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, G.A.","contributorId":48768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vrana, B.","contributorId":15415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrana","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allan, I.","contributorId":96905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allan","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alvarez, D.A.","contributorId":39481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huckins, J.N.","contributorId":62553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenwood, R.","contributorId":40434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032857,"text":"70032857 - 2007 - Geologic and anthropogenic factors influencing karst development in the Frederick region of Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032857","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic and anthropogenic factors influencing karst development in the Frederick region of Maryland","docAbstract":"Karst features pervade the outcrop belts of Triassic, Ordovician, and Cambrian rocks in the Frederick Valley region of Maryland's western Piedmont. Detailed stratigraphic analysis and geologic and karst mapping demonstrate that individual stratigraphic units have differing susceptibilities of karst feature creation. Although the Triassic Leesburg Member of the Bull Run Formation and Rocky Springs Station Member of the Cambrian Frederick Formation have many surface depressions within their outcrop belts, the Lime Kiln Member of the Frederick Formation and the Ceresville, Fountain Rock, and Woodsboro members of the Ordovician Grove Formation have the greatest potential for development of catastrophic collapse sinkholes. Although these four members have the highest relative susceptibility, human activity can increase the potential for sinkhole activation in all units. Rerouting of surface drainage patterns, unlined drainage, and storm-water management areas and removal of significant overburden deposits significantly increase sinkhole development, but mainly, these units are inherently more susceptible to begin with. Copyright ?? 2007. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/eg.01050605014","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., 2007, Geologic and anthropogenic factors influencing karst development in the Frederick region of Maryland: Environmental Geosciences, v. 14, no. 1, p. 31-48, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.01050605014.","startPage":"31","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213682,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.01050605014"},{"id":241333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a18d2e4b0c8380cd55810","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032855,"text":"70032855 - 2007 - Development of an SPE/CE method for analyzing HAAs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T16:40:57.05052","indexId":"70032855","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2136,"text":"Journal - American Water Works Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of an SPE/CE method for analyzing HAAs","docAbstract":"A method to analyze haloacetic acids (HAAs) in drinking water was developed using a capillary electrophoresis (CE) ion analyzer for analyte separation and detection. The effects of background electrolyte (BGE) composition, sample injection approach, and on- and offcapillary preconcentration techniques on HAA peak resolution and method sensitivity were evaluated. The recommended BGE consists of 25 mM phosphate buffer at pH 5.7 with 1 mM tetradecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide as the electroosmotic flow modifier. Aqueous samples were preconcentrated using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and then loaded onto an extended light path capillary (75-μm inside diameter ÷ 56-cm effective length) using pressure injection (50 mbar for 12 s). The estimated method detection limits were in the range of 1.5–3.5 μg/L. The SPE/CE method was used to analyze ambient and spiked water samples from a water distribution system, and results were in good agreement with those using US Environmental Protection Agency method 552.2. The main advantage of the SPE/CE method over the currently approved HAA analysis methods is that it does not require HAA derivatization, which involves potentially hazardous chemicals and conditions. Disadvantages of the SPE/CE method are that it does not offer a significant time savings (because of the need for off-capillary sample preconcentration) and chlorodibromoacetic acid could not be quantified because of interference from a contaminant peak.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1002/j.1551-8833.2007.tb07891.x","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Capel, P., and Hozalski, R., 2007, Development of an SPE/CE method for analyzing HAAs: Journal - American Water Works Association, v. 99, no. 3, p. 83-94, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2007.tb07891.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"94","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a004de4b0c8380cd4f6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, L.","contributorId":41543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, P. D. 0000-0003-1620-5185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":95498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hozalski, R.M.","contributorId":35959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hozalski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032832,"text":"70032832 - 2007 - Distribution and abundance of zooplankton populations in Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:38:04","indexId":"70032832","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of zooplankton populations in Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"The zooplankton assemblages in Crater Lake exhibited consistency in species richness and general taxonomic composition, but varied in density and biomass during the period between 1988 and 2000. Collectively, the assemblages included 2 cladoceran taxa and 10 rotifer taxa (excluding rare taxa). Vertical habitat partitioning of the water column to a depth of 200 m was observed for most species with similar food habits and/or feeding mechanisms. No congeneric replacement was observed. The dominant species in the assemblages were variable, switching primarily between periods of dominance of Polyarthra-Keratella cochlearis and Daphnia. The unexpected occurrence and dominance of Asplanchna in 1991 and 1992 resulted in a major change in this typical temporal shift between Polyarthra-K. cochlearis and Daphnia. Following a collapse of the zooplankton biomass in 1993 that was probably caused by predation from Asplanchna, Kellicottia dominated the zooplankton assemblage biomass between 1994 and 1997. The decline in biomass of Kellicottia by 1998 coincided with a dramatic increase in Daphnia biomass. When Daphnia biomass declined by 2000, Keratella biomass increased again. Thus, by 1998 the assemblage returned to the typical shift between Keratella-Polyarthra and Daphnia. Although these observations provided considerable insight about the interannual variability of the zooplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, little was discovered about mechanisms behind the variability. When abundant, kokanee salmon may have played an important role in the disappearance of Daphnia in 1990 and 2000 either through predation, inducing diapause, or both. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0354-2","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Larson, G., McIntire, C.D., Buktenica, M., Girdner, S., and Truitt, R., 2007, Distribution and abundance of zooplankton populations in Crater Lake, Oregon: Hydrobiologia, v. 574, no. 1, p. 217-233, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0354-2.","startPage":"217","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213838,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0354-2"}],"volume":"574","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a027ae4b0c8380cd50071","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, G.L.","contributorId":103021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, C. 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